A diffuser type energy dissipator

Abstract

The application discloses a diffusion type energy dissipater, which comprises a flow guide cover, an energy dissipater body, a plurality of spray holes and an energy dissipater net. The energy dissipater body is in sealing connection with the inlet end of the flow guide cover, and the spray holes are arranged on the energy dissipater body and are in communication with the flow guide cover and the energy dissipater body. The energy dissipater body can intercept water flow and spray the water flow outward through the spray holes to form high-speed jet flow. The energy dissipater net is arranged in the flow guide cover and is used for receiving the jet flow from at least part of the spray holes. The energy dissipater body of the application adopts a conical diffusion energy dissipating section and a blocking section. The conical diffusion energy dissipating section gradually reduces the flow area of water bodies, and can rapidly form high-pressure liquid under the cooperation of the blocking section, which is beneficial to forming high-speed jet flow at the spray holes. The high-speed jet flow can hit the energy dissipater net and the flow guide cover, so that the energy dissipating effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pipeline valve technology, and specifically to a diffusion-type energy dissipator. Background Technology

[0002] Pipeline energy dissipation, as a crucial measure to ensure the safety of both the pipeline itself and downstream structures, has received considerable attention in recent years, prompting extensive research by numerous scholars. It has been applied in water conservancy projects and industrial and agricultural construction projects, such as long-distance water transmission pipeline systems, water supply and drainage pipeline systems for power plants and pumping stations, and agricultural irrigation pipeline systems. Pipeline energy dissipation offers advantages such as low cost, no water pollution, and minimal or no land occupation, thus possessing broad application prospects.

[0003] Pipeline energy dissipation devices are key components in pipeline water transmission systems. Their working condition directly affects the water transmission efficiency, cost, and service life of the pipeline water transmission system. Therefore, the research and development of pipeline energy dissipation devices has practical and useful value and has received widespread attention from researchers and developers.

[0004] Especially at the branch outlets and ends of pressurized water pipelines, the high pressure and high flow velocity during normal outflow can easily cause significant damage to the external environment, failing to meet equipment usage and safety requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an energy dissipation device for installation at the pipeline end to overcome the impact and cavitation hazards caused by the high flow velocity at the pipeline outlet. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a diffusion-type energy dissipator. This device can dissipate energy from high-speed water flow at pipeline outlets, improving safety and meeting usage requirements. This equipment can be used in conjunction with valves or independently.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A diffusion-type energy dissipator includes:

[0008] fairing;

[0009] The energy dissipator body is sealed to the inlet end of the flow guide shroud. The energy dissipator body has several nozzles connecting the flow guide shroud and the energy dissipator body. The energy dissipator body can trap water flow and then eject it outwards through the nozzles to form a high-speed jet stream; and

[0010] An energy dissipation net, located inside a flow deflector, is used to receive jet streams from at least a portion of the nozzles.

[0011] Preferably, the energy dissipator body includes a connecting section, a diffusion energy dissipation section, and a sealing section that are sequentially and sealed along the water flow direction; the diffusion energy dissipation section has a conical structure, and the angle between its conical surface and the water flow direction is an obtuse angle; the nozzle is disposed on the conical surface of the diffusion energy dissipation section.

[0012] Preferably, the flow guide is provided with several through holes that communicate with the outside.

[0013] In a further preferred embodiment, the total area of ​​each through hole is at least 1 times the total area of ​​each spray hole.

[0014] More preferably, the flow guide includes a first flow guide section and a second flow guide section that are sequentially and sealed together along the water flow direction. The inlet end of the first flow guide section is sealed together with the diffusion and energy dissipation section and each nozzle is covered inside the flow guide, with through holes provided on the first flow guide section.

[0015] In a further preferred embodiment, the first guide section is a conical structure, with its conical surface forming an acute angle with the direction of water flow and an angle of 90-120° with the conical surface of the diffusion and energy dissipation section.

[0016] Preferably, the energy dissipation net is a cylindrical structure with a conical cross-section, and the angle between it and the direction of water flow is obtuse.

[0017] Preferably, the diameter of the outlet end of the flow guide is 140-250% of the diameter of the inlet end of the energy dissipator body.

[0018] Preferably, the spray direction of the nozzle coincides with the normal to the cross-section of the nozzle, and at least 60% of the projected area of ​​the nozzle in the spray direction can cover the energy dissipation net.

[0019] More preferably, the included angle of the center of the diffusion energy dissipation section is 40-90°, the included angle of the center of the energy dissipation net is 10-60°, and the included angle of the center of the energy dissipation net should be smaller than the included angle of the center of the diffusion energy dissipation section.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0021] The energy dissipator body of this invention adopts a conical diffusion energy dissipation section and a blocking section. The conical diffusion energy dissipation section gradually reduces the flow area of ​​the water body, and with the cooperation of the blocking section, it can quickly form high-pressure liquid, which is conducive to forming a high-speed jet at the nozzle. The high-speed jet can hit the energy dissipation net and the flow guide shroud to achieve the energy dissipation effect.

[0022] The first conical guide section of the flow guide of the present invention is provided with a through hole. The high-speed jet will cause a negative pressure to be formed near the first guide section, which will draw the external medium of the flow guide into the inner side of the flow guide through the through hole and form a mixed flow with the high-speed jet. The mixed flow moves forward, part of which hits the energy dissipation net, part of which hits the flow guide, and part of which is rebounded by the energy dissipation net. After being fully mixed at the energy dissipation net, it is ejected from the flow guide, achieving the best energy dissipation effect.

[0023] The energy dissipator of this invention is suitable for large pressure differences, with a pressure difference between 0.05MPa and 1MPa being more appropriate. It is also suitable for relatively harsh cavitation conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the energy dissipator of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the energy dissipator body structure of the energy dissipator of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the included angles of the center of each part of the energy dissipator of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the energy dissipator of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Energy dissipator body; 11. Connecting section; 12. Diffusion energy dissipation section; 13. Sealing section; 121. Nozzle; 2. Flow guide; 21. First flow guide section; 22. Second flow guide section; 211. Through hole; 3. Energy dissipation net; 4. Connecting rib. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with specific examples. However, it should be understood that the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present patent. For better illustration of this embodiment, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings for those skilled in the art. The positional relationships described in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present patent.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a diffusion-type energy dissipator, comprising: an energy dissipator body 1, a flow guide shroud 2, and an energy dissipation net 3. The energy dissipator body 1 is sealed to the inlet end of the flow guide shroud 2. The energy dissipator body 1 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 121 connecting the flow guide shroud 2 and the energy dissipator body 1. The energy dissipator body 1 can intercept water flow and spray it outward through the nozzles 121 to form a high-speed jet stream. The energy dissipation net 3 is disposed inside the flow guide shroud 2 and is used to receive the jet stream from at least some of the nozzles 121.

[0031] like Figure 2As shown, the energy dissipator body 1 includes a connecting section 11, a diffusion energy dissipation section 12, and a sealing section 13, which are sequentially and sealed along the water flow direction. The connecting section 11 has a flange for connection to the end of a pipe. The diffusion energy dissipation section 12 has a conical structure with an obtuse angle between its conical surface and the water flow direction, resulting in a decreasing flow area from left to right. With the cooperation of the sealing section 13, a high-pressure water flow can be quickly formed within the cavity. This allows the water flow to mix and dissipate energy within the cavity and facilitates the formation of a high-speed jet flow at the nozzles 121. The nozzles 121 are symmetrically arranged on the conical surface of the diffusion energy dissipation section 12, spraying the water flow backward to achieve diffusion energy dissipation. The diffusion energy dissipation section 12 is preferably made of stainless steel. The sealing section 13 is a process section and can be a head or a flat plate.

[0032] The flow guide shroud 2 includes a conical first flow guide section 21 and a cylindrical second flow guide section 22 that are sequentially and sealed along the water flow direction. The first flow guide section 21 and the second flow guide section 22, the connecting section 11 and the diffusion and energy dissipation section 12 are reinforced by connecting ribs 4. The inlet end of the first flow guide section 21 is sealed to the diffusion and energy dissipation section 12, and all nozzles 121 are covered inside the flow guide shroud 2. Through holes 211 are provided on the first flow guide section 21. The high-speed jet flow will cause a negative pressure to be formed near the first flow guide section 21, which will draw the external medium of the flow guide shroud 2 into the inside of the flow guide shroud 2 through the through holes 211, forming a mixed flow with the high-speed jet flow. The mixed flow moves forward, and part of it hits the energy dissipation net 3, part of it hits the flow guide shroud 2, and part of it is rebounded by the energy dissipation net 3. After being fully mixed at the energy dissipation net 3, it is sprayed out of the flow guide shroud 2, achieving the best energy dissipation effect.

[0033] The first guide section 21 is a conical structure. Its conical surface forms an acute angle with the water flow direction and an angle of 90-120° with the conical surface of the diffusion and energy dissipation section 12. The size of the angle between the conical surface and the water flow direction affects the shape of the jet stream formed by the small holes arranged on the conical surface. The larger the angle between this jet stream and the axis (which should be complementary to the angle between the conical surface and the water flow direction), the faster the diffusion velocity, meaning a better energy dissipation effect after passing through the small holes. Therefore, the smaller the angle between the conical surface and the water flow direction, the better the energy dissipation effect; the larger the angle, the worse the energy dissipation effect.

[0034] The total area of ​​each through-hole 211 is at least twice the total area of ​​each nozzle 121. Because the through-holes and nozzles are perpendicular to each other, the high-speed water jet from the nozzles creates a negative pressure effect inside the through-holes. This negative pressure draws in air (or water) from the through-holes, mixing it with the jet stream and aiding in energy dissipation. The flow rate of the drawn-in air (or water) depends on the combined effect of the jet stream velocity and the area of ​​the through-holes. Therefore, the total area of ​​the through-holes must be at least twice the total area of ​​the nozzles to ensure the effectiveness of the energy dissipation.

[0035] The energy dissipation net 3 is made of stainless steel, and its flow area is between 25% and 50%. The energy dissipation net 3 is fixed inside the flow guide shroud 2 by the connecting rib 4. It has a conical structure, and the angle between its conical surface and the water flow direction is obtuse. This allows the high-speed jet to hit the energy dissipation net and achieve the energy dissipation effect.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, φA is the nominal diameter of the inlet end of the energy dissipator, and φB is the diameter of the outlet end of the guide shroud. The size of φB should be between 140% and 250% of the size of φA. High-pressure, high-speed water enters the equipment through A, is accelerated by the nozzles, diffuses to dissipate energy, and is further dissipated by the energy dissipation net before reaching the equipment outlet. It ultimately flows backward, carrying primarily kinetic energy. Therefore, controlling the outlet diameter controls the final outflow velocity. The outlet velocity at point B is generally controlled to be no higher than 3 m / s, and the size of φB should generally be between 140% and 250% of the size of φA.

[0037] The spray direction of nozzle 121 coincides with the normal to the tangential plane of the nozzle. At least 60% of the projected area of ​​nozzle 121 in the spray direction must cover the energy dissipation net 3. The energy dissipation net 3 is positioned behind nozzle 121. The high-speed water flow from the nozzle moves backward along the normal direction, ensuring that most of the high-speed water flow is sprayed onto the energy dissipation net. The energy dissipation net's obstruction and blocking effect forces the high-speed water flow to decelerate and change direction, achieving further energy dissipation. Therefore, it is required that at least 60% of the projected area of ​​the nozzle in the spray direction (i.e., the direction of the sprayed water flow) must cover the energy dissipation net.

[0038] The included angle at the center of the diffusion energy dissipation section 12 is ∠C, which should be between 40-90°. The included angle at the center of the energy dissipation net is ∠F, which should be less than ∠C and between 10-60°. C is twice the angle between the cone surface and the water flow direction. The size of this angle affects the shape of the jet stream formed by the small holes arranged on the cone surface. The larger the angle between this jet stream and the axis (which should be complementary to the angle between the cone surface and the water flow direction), the faster the diffusion speed, and the better the energy dissipation effect after passing through the small holes. Therefore, the smaller C is, the better the energy dissipation effect; the larger the angle, the worse the energy dissipation effect. Therefore, C should be between 40-90°. A large portion of the high-speed water jet from the cone surface will be sprayed onto the energy dissipation net. Of this portion sprayed onto the energy dissipation net, a small portion will pass through the energy dissipation net and flow out from the rear; most of it will be reflected at the energy dissipation net and continue to flow forward. Therefore, when F is less than C, it is beneficial for high-speed water to flow backward after reflection. F is generally between 10-60°.

[0039] The energy dissipator of this invention can be arranged in the air or submerged. Specifically, in the air arrangement: the energy dissipation cover is set at the end of the pipe and exposed to the air; in the submerged arrangement: the energy dissipation cover is set at the end of the pipe and placed in a water tank, surrounded by water flow.

[0040] The energy dissipator of this invention can be arranged horizontally or vertically, but when arranged vertically, the water inlet side should be the bottom and the water outlet side should be upward. When arranged horizontally: the water inlet direction is perpendicular to the direction of gravity; when arranged vertically: the water inlet direction is parallel to the direction of gravity.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the energy dissipation principle of this invention is as follows:

[0042] The high-pressure water flow at the end of the pipe enters the energy dissipator from the left. Due to its high pressure, it forms a high-speed jet at the nozzle of the diffusion section of the main body. The high-speed jet will cause a negative pressure to be formed near the first guide section of the guide shroud, which will draw the external medium of the guide shroud into the inside of the guide shroud through the through hole, forming a mixed flow (when the energy dissipation shroud is arranged in the air, it draws in air; when the energy dissipation shroud is arranged in the submerged position, it draws in water). The mixed flow moves forward, part of which hits the energy dissipation net, part of which hits the guide shroud, and part of which is bounced off the energy dissipation net and then fully mixed at the energy dissipation net before being sprayed out of the guide shroud, achieving the best energy dissipation effect.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications, additions, or substitutes with similar methods without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diffusion-type energy dissipator, characterized in that, include: fairing (2); The energy dissipator body (1) is sealed to the inlet end of the flow guide (2). The energy dissipator body (1) is provided with several nozzles (121) that connect the flow guide (2) and the energy dissipator body (1). The energy dissipator body (1) can block water flow and spray it outward through the nozzles (121) to form a high-speed jet flow. The energy dissipator body (1) includes a connecting section (11), a diffusion energy dissipation section (12), and a sealing section (13) that are sealed in sequence along the water flow direction. The diffusion energy dissipation section (12) is a conical structure with an obtuse angle between its conical surface and the water flow direction. The nozzles (121) are located on the conical surface of the diffusion energy dissipation section (12). An energy dissipation net (3) is disposed inside a flow guide (2) to receive jet streams from at least a portion of the nozzles (121); the jet direction of the nozzles (121) coincides with the normal line perpendicular to the tangent of the nozzles (121), and at least 60% of the projected area of ​​the nozzles (121) in the jet direction can cover the energy dissipation net (3); The flow guide (2) includes a first flow guide section (21) and a second flow guide section (22) that are sequentially sealed and connected along the water flow direction. The inlet end of the first flow guide section (21) is sealed and connected to the diffusion and energy dissipation section (12), and each nozzle (121) is covered inside the flow guide (2). The first flow guide section (21) is provided with several through holes (211) that communicate with the outside.

2. The diffusion-type energy dissipator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total area of ​​each through hole (211) is at least 1 times the total area of ​​each nozzle (121).

3. The diffusion-type energy dissipator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first guide section (21) is a conical structure, with an acute angle between its conical surface and the direction of water flow, and an angle of 90-120° with the conical surface of the diffusion and energy dissipation section (12).

4. The diffusion-type energy dissipator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy dissipation net (3) is a cone-shaped structure with an obtuse angle to the direction of water flow.

5. The diffusion-type energy dissipator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the outlet end of the flow guide (2) is 140-250% of the diameter of the inlet end of the energy dissipator body (1).

6. The diffusion-type energy dissipator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle of the center of the diffusion energy dissipation section (12) is 40-90°, the included angle of the center of the energy dissipation net (3) is 10-60°, and the included angle of the center of the energy dissipation net (3) should be smaller than the included angle of the center of the diffusion energy dissipation section (12).

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