An experimental device and method for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage
By designing aerosol leakage and gas leakage experimental devices, the problem of difficult aerosol leakage rate assessment was solved, the accurate measurement and relationship establishment of aerosol and gas leakage parameters were achieved, and the safety of the nuclear fuel cycle was improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202210966634.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-08-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-08-11
AI Technical Summary
In the field of nuclear fuel cycle, existing technologies make it difficult to effectively evaluate the relationship between aerosol leakage rate and gas leakage rate, especially under small channel conditions, where aerosol leakage is difficult to measure accurately.
An experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage was designed, including an aerosol generation and introduction module, a container pressurization module, an aerosol leakage module, and an aerosol collection module. The relationship between aerosol leakage and gas leakage was established through components such as an aerosol generator, a leak plate, a simulated leak tube, and a particle sampling analyzer.
The coupled relationship measurement of aerosol leakage and gas leakage parameters under different conditions was realized, an accurate assessment method for aerosol leakage and gas leakage was provided, and the safety analysis capability of radioactive material leakage was improved.
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Figure CN115435970B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear fuel cycle and aerosol, and in particular relates to an experimental device and method for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage. Background Art
[0002] The nuclear fuel cycle often involves storage or transport containers for radioactive materials. These containers are designed to withstand accident conditions such as a 9m impact, a 1m puncture, a 30-minute fire at 800°C, and deep water immersion. Furthermore, a certain safety margin is reserved during the container design, and they are considered to meet safety requirements under normal accident conditions. However, in some low-probability accident scenarios, such as container aging or seal failure, although the container does not suffer a major breach, the presence of small leaks in the seal or the container itself may actually cause the container to fail, resulting in trace leakage of radioactive materials.
[0003] Gas or liquid, as fluids, have established methods for measuring leakage rates, making them relatively easy to measure. Aerosols, on the other hand, are dispersed systems consisting of solid or liquid particles with a diameter of approximately 0.01 to 20 μm suspended in a gas medium. The particles typically only account for a small fraction of the total aerosol mass, and the two phases are unidirectionally coupled: the gas phase influences the behavior of the particle phase, while the particle phase has virtually no effect on the fluid dynamics of the gas phase.
[0004] Since particles in an aerosol system are affected by deposition mechanisms such as gravitational sedimentation, diffusion, and inertial impaction during leakage, the deposition rate is affected by parameters such as aerosol particles (particle size, density, diffusion coefficient, etc.), gas (flow rate, flow rate, etc.), and leakage channel (width, height, length, etc.). The leakage rate is not directly proportional to the gas leakage rate, and is more significant at low gas flow rates or small channels, making it difficult to assess the amount of aerosol leakage. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage, and to establish the relationship between aerosol leakage and gas leakage based on the characteristics of the simulated monitored leaking aerosol and gas.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage, comprising an aerosol generation and introduction module, a container pressurizing module, an aerosol leakage module, and an aerosol collection module; the above modules are all connected to an experimental cavity; the aerosol generation and introduction module comprises a gas source and an aerosol generator connected in sequence, and the aerosol generator is connected to the experimental cavity; the container pressurizing module comprises the gas source and a high-efficiency filter connected in sequence, and the high-efficiency filter is connected to the experimental cavity; the aerosol leakage module comprises a leak plate, a simulated leak tube, and an aerosol collection tube connected in sequence, and the leak plate is connected to the experimental cavity; the aerosol collection module comprises a particle sampling analyzer and a data acquisition system, and the particle sampling analyzer is respectively connected to the experimental cavity and the aerosol collection tube, and the particle sampling analyzer collects aerosol particle characteristic data before and after leakage and transmits it to the data acquisition system.
[0007] Furthermore, the aerosol leakage module also includes a compensation gas tube, which is connected to both sides of the aerosol collection tube; the aerosol collection tube is a double-layer sleeve structure of an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve; the two sides of the outer sleeve are respectively connected to the compensation gas tube, and the compensation gas tube is connected to the high-efficiency filter and the cold dryer in turn; the gap between the inner and outer sleeves is welded and sealed on one side of the leak plate, and the other side is connected to the particulate matter sampling analyzer.
[0008] Furthermore, the leakage plate is a flange with a central reserved hole, and simulated leakage pipes of different sizes are fixed at the reserved hole by epoxy glue. Sealing rings are provided on the flanges on both sides of the leakage plate and fastened by bolts.
[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a flow and pressure measurement module, which includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a flow meter. The pressure sensor and temperature sensor are located at the upper end of the experimental cavity to monitor the pressure and temperature in the experimental cavity; the flow meter monitors the gas flow through the compensation gas pipe.
[0010] Furthermore, the aerosol collection module also includes a temperature and pressure collection system, which collects the pressure and temperature values of the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, and transmits the collected data to the data collection system.
[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a vacuum module, which is connected to the experimental cavity, and a high-efficiency filter is provided between the vacuum module and the experimental cavity.
[0012] Furthermore, the vacuum pumping module is a vacuum pump.
[0013] Furthermore, the aerosol generation and introduction module also includes a cold dryer and the high-efficiency filter. The gas source, cold dryer, high-efficiency filter, and aerosol generator are connected in sequence, and a shut-off valve is provided between the high-efficiency filter and the aerosol generator.
[0014] Furthermore, a stop valve is provided between the high efficiency filter and the experimental chamber.
[0015] Furthermore, standard particles are provided in the storage cylinder of the aerosol generator.
[0016] Furthermore, one of the particle sampling analyzers is connected to the experimental chamber to collect aerosol particle characteristic data in the experimental chamber before aerosol leakage, and transmits the collected data to a data acquisition system; another of the particle sampling analyzers is connected to the aerosol collection tube to collect aerosol particle characteristic data after leakage, and transmits the collected data to another data acquisition system.
[0017] Furthermore, a stop valve is provided between the orifice plate and the experimental chamber.
[0018] Furthermore, it also includes an electromagnetic air release valve and a valve control system, wherein the electromagnetic air release valve is respectively connected to the high efficiency filter,
[0019] The present invention also provides an experimental method for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage, comprising the following steps:
[0020] (1) Place the simulated leak tube into the aerosol leakage module and install it into the leak plate;
[0021] (2) Use the vacuum module to evacuate the experimental chamber;
[0022] (3) The aerosol generator of the aerosol generation and introduction module introduces aerosol into the experimental chamber;
[0023] (4) The particle sampling analyzer collects aerosol particle characteristic data before aerosol leakage and transmits the collected data to the data acquisition system;
[0024] (5) The gas source of the container pressurizing module introduces gas into the experimental chamber;
[0025] (6) Collecting characteristic data of aerosol particles in the experimental chamber after leakage through the leak plate and the simulated leak tube, and transmitting the collected data to a data acquisition system.
[0026] Furthermore, in step (1), the simulated leakage tube is installed and sealed into the reserved hole in the center of the orifice plate by epoxy glue. After the epoxy glue solidifies, the orifice plate equipped with the simulated leakage tube is installed between the outlet end of the stop valve and the compensation gas pipe. Sealing rings are provided on the flanges on both sides of the orifice plate and are fastened and sealed by bolts.
[0027] Furthermore, in step (2), before the simulation experiment begins, the experimental cavity is evacuated by a vacuum pump of the vacuum module.
[0028] Furthermore, in step (3), standard particles of known particle size and density are placed in the storage cylinder of the aerosol generator, the gas source is dried and filtered by a cold dryer and a high-efficiency filter, and then introduced into the aerosol generator as an aerosol carrier gas, and the evenly dispersed aerosol is introduced into the experimental chamber until it reaches normal pressure.
[0029] Furthermore, in step (5), clean gas dried and filtered by a cold dryer and a high-efficiency filter is introduced into the experimental chamber, and the pressure is increased to the experimental pressure before the process is completed. The temperature and pressure acquisition system acquires the temperature and pressure measured by the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.
[0030] Furthermore, in step (6), the aerosol begins to leak from the experimental cavity through the simulated leakage tube, and the particle sampling analyzer and the data acquisition system measure the mass concentration, particle number concentration and particle size of the aerosol leaked through the simulated leakage tube.
[0031] The beneficial effect brought about by the technical solution adopted in the present invention is that the experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage of the present invention includes an aerosol generation and introduction module, a container pressurizing module, an aerosol leakage module, and an aerosol collection module; the above modules are all connected to the experimental cavity; the aerosol generation and introduction module includes a gas source and an aerosol generator connected in sequence, the aerosol generator is connected to the experimental cavity, and aerosol is introduced into the experimental cavity; the container pressurizing module includes the gas source and a high-efficiency filter connected in sequence, the high-efficiency filter is connected to the experimental cavity, and aerosol carrier gas is introduced into the experimental cavity; the aerosol leakage module includes a leak plate, a simulated leakage tube, and an aerosol collection tube connected in sequence, the leak plate is connected to the experimental cavity, and the aerosol in the experimental cavity leaks through the leak plate and the simulated leakage tube; the gas The sol collection module includes a particle sampling analyzer and a data acquisition system. The particle sampling analyzer is connected to the experimental cavity and the aerosol collection tube respectively. The particle sampling analyzer collects aerosol particle characteristic data before and after leakage and transmits it to the data acquisition system. By measuring the mass concentration, particle number concentration and particle size of the aerosol at the inlet and outlet of the simulated leakage tube and in the compensation gas, combined with the volume of the experimental cavity, the working flow of the particle sampling analyzer, the compensation gas flow and the sampling time, the aerosol mass leakage rate, particle number leakage rate and aerosol leakage ratio are obtained, and the gas leakage parameters and aerosol leakage parameters are coupled to establish the relationship between trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage, which is applied to the analysis of the source term of radioactive material leakage release. The method of the present invention is easy to operate, and the relationship between aerosol leakage and gas leakage parameters is obtained according to different variable detections. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage in Example 1 of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of an experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of an experimental method for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of an experimental method for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
[0036] Among them: 1-experimental chamber; 2-gas source; 3-cold dryer; 4-aerosol generator; 5-particle sampling analyzer; 6-pressure sensor; 7-temperature sensor; 8-electromagnetic vent valve; 9-valve control system; 10-temperature and pressure acquisition system; 11-data acquisition system; 12-stop valve; 13-high-efficiency filter; 14-vacuum pump; 15-compensating gas tube; 16-simulated leak tube; 17-leak plate; 18-flow meter; 19-aerosol collection tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0038] Example 1
[0039] Refer to the attached Figure 1, an experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage, comprising an aerosol generation and introduction module, an aerosol leakage module, and an aerosol collection module; the above modules are all connected to an experimental cavity 1; the aerosol generation and introduction module comprises a gas source 2 and an aerosol generator 4 connected in sequence, and the aerosol generator 4 is connected to the experimental cavity 1; the aerosol leakage module comprises a leak plate 17, a simulated leak tube 16, and an aerosol collection tube 19 connected in sequence, and the leak plate 17 is connected to the experimental cavity 1; the aerosol collection module comprises a particle sampling analyzer 5 and a data acquisition system 11, and the particle sampling analyzer 5 is respectively connected to the experimental cavity 1 and the aerosol collection tube 19, and the particle sampling analyzer 5 collects aerosol particle characteristic data before and after leakage and transmits it to the data acquisition system 11. The storage cylinder of the aerosol generator 4 contains standard particles of known particle size and density. The gas in the gas source 2 serves as the carrier gas for the aerosol generated by the aerosol generator 4 and is transmitted into the experimental chamber 1. The aerosol in the experimental chamber 1 leaks through the leak plate 17 and the simulated leak tube 16. The size of the simulated leak tube 16 can be adjusted according to the leak plate 17, and different sizes are set to simulate different leakage conditions. The particle sampling analyzer 5 and the data acquisition system 11 study the collected leaked aerosol and gas characteristic data to obtain the relationship between aerosol leakage and gas leakage, which can be effectively applied to actual radioactive material leaks to improve safety. The particle sampling analyzer 5 is a cascade impactor sampler. Based on the principle of inertial separation, it can measure properties such as mass concentration, particle number concentration, and particle size of aerosol particles.
[0040] Refer to the attached Figure 2 Preferably, the aerosol leakage module also includes a compensation gas pipe 15, which is connected to both sides of the aerosol collection tube 19; the aerosol collection tube 19 is a double-layer sleeve structure of an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve; the two sides of the outer sleeve are respectively connected to the compensation gas pipe 15, and the compensation gas pipe 15 is connected to the high-efficiency filter 13 and the cold dryer 3 in turn to form a compensation gas channel; the gap between the inner and outer sleeves is welded and sealed on one side of the leak plate 17, and the other side is connected to the particulate matter sampling analyzer 5.
[0041] Preferably, the aerosol collection tube 19 is a pagoda joint tube.
[0042] Preferably, the cold dryer 3 is connected to a flow meter 18 , and the flow meter 18 monitors the gas flow through the cold dryer 3 .
[0043] Under the condition of a tiny leak, the gas leakage flow cannot meet the working flow of the particulate matter sampling analyzer 5, so a compensation gas pipe 15 is set up, and the pagoda joint pipe, high-efficiency filter 13 and cold dryer 3 connected in sequence form a gas compensation channel. The pagoda joint pipe is connected to both sides of the outer sleeve of the aerosol collection tube 19 to achieve drying and filtering of the compensation gas; the cold dryer 3 is connected to the gas flow meter 18 for measuring the flow of the compensation gas. The working flow of the particulate matter sampling analyzer 5 minus the flow of the compensation gas measured by the gas flow meter 18 is the gas leakage flow of the simulated leakage pipe 16; at the same time, it does not affect the aerosol leakage.
[0044] Preferably, the leakage plate 17 is a flange with a central reserved hole, and the simulated leakage tubes 16 of different sizes are fixed to the reserved hole by epoxy glue. The flanges on both sides of the leakage plate 17 are provided with sealing rings and fastened by bolts.
[0045] Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a container pressurizing module, comprising the gas source 2 and a high-efficiency filter 13 connected in sequence, wherein the high-efficiency filter 13 is connected to the experimental chamber 1; a shut-off valve 12 is provided between the high-efficiency filter 13 and the experimental chamber 1. Gas filtered by the high-efficiency filter 13 is passed into the experimental chamber 1 to ensure the pressure within the experimental chamber 1.
[0046] Preferably, it also includes a flow and pressure measurement module, which includes a pressure sensor 6, a temperature sensor 7, and the flow meter 18. The pressure sensor 6 and the temperature sensor 7 are located at the upper end of the experimental chamber 1 to monitor the pressure and temperature in the experimental chamber 1; the flow meter 18 monitors the gas flow through the compensation gas pipe 16.
[0047] Preferably, the aerosol collection module further includes a temperature and pressure collection system 10 , which collects the pressure and temperature values of the pressure sensor 6 and the temperature sensor 7 and transmits the collected data to the data collection system 11 .
[0048] Preferably, a vacuum pumping module is further included, which is connected to the experimental chamber 1 , and a high-efficiency filter 13 is provided between the vacuum pumping module and the experimental chamber 1 .
[0049] Preferably, the vacuum pump module is a vacuum pump 14. The vacuum pump 14 evacuates the experimental chamber 15, and the high efficiency filter 13 filters the aerosol particles remaining in the experimental chamber 15 to protect the vacuum pump 1.
[0050] Preferably, the aerosol generation and introduction module also includes the cold dryer 3 and the high-efficiency filter 13. The gas source 1, the cold dryer 3, the high-efficiency filter 13, and the aerosol generator 4 are connected in sequence, and a shut-off valve 12 is provided between the high-efficiency filter 13 and the aerosol generator 4.
[0051] Preferably, the experimental chamber 1 is connected to a particle sampling analyzer 5 to collect characteristic data of aerosol particles in the experimental chamber 1 before aerosol leakage, and transmit the collected data to a data acquisition system 11 .
[0052] Preferably, a stop valve 12 is provided between the orifice plate 17 and the experimental chamber 1 .
[0053] Preferably, the system further comprises an electromagnetic deflation valve 8 and a valve control system 9, wherein the electromagnetic deflation valve 8 is connected to the high efficiency filter 13 and the valve control system 9 respectively. The valve control system 9 can control the decompression and deflation of the experimental chamber 1 after the experiment is completed.
[0054] Refer to the attached Figure 3 An experimental method for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
[0055] (1) Install the simulated leakage tube 16 of the aerosol leakage module into the leakage plate 17;
[0056] (2) using a vacuum pump 14 to evacuate the experimental chamber 1;
[0057] (3) The aerosol generator 4 of the aerosol generation and introduction module introduces aerosol into the experimental chamber 1;
[0058] (4) the particle sampling analyzer 5 connected to the experimental chamber 1 collects aerosol particle characteristic data before aerosol leakage, and transmits the collected data to the data acquisition system 11;
[0059] (5) The gas source 2 of the container pressurizing module introduces gas into the experimental chamber 1 to a preset pressure;
[0060] (6) The particle sampling analyzer 5 collects characteristic data of aerosol particles in the experimental chamber 1 after leakage through the leak plate 17 and the simulated leak tube 16, and transmits the collected data to the data acquisition system 11; calculates the leakage amount of aerosol and gas, and obtains the leakage relationship between aerosol and gas.
[0061] Preferably, in step (1), the simulated leakage tube 16 is installed and sealed into the reserved hole in the center of the orifice plate 17 by epoxy glue. After the epoxy glue solidifies, the orifice plate 17 equipped with the simulated leakage tube 16 is installed between the outlet end of the stop valve 12 and the compensation gas pipe 16. The flanges on both sides of the orifice plate 17 are provided with sealing rings and are fastened and sealed by bolts.
[0062] Preferably, in step (2), before the simulation experiment begins, the experimental chamber 1 is evacuated by a vacuum pump 14 to clean the residual aerosol in the experimental chamber 1 and facilitate the subsequent introduction of aerosol.
[0063] Preferably, in step (3), standard particles of known particle size and density are placed in the storage cylinder of the aerosol generator 4, the gas source 2 is dried and filtered by the cold dryer 3 and the high-efficiency filter 13, and then introduced into the aerosol generator 4 as an aerosol carrier gas, and the evenly dispersed aerosol is introduced into the experimental chamber 1 until it reaches normal pressure.
[0064] Preferably, in step (5), the shutoff valve 12 between the HEPA filter 13 and the aerosol generator 4 is closed, and the shutoff valve 12 between the HEPA filter 13 of the container pressurizing module and the experimental chamber 1 is opened. Clean gas dried and filtered by the cold dryer 3 and the HEPA filter 13 is introduced into the experimental chamber 1, and the pressurization is terminated after reaching the experimental pressure. The temperature and pressure acquisition system 10 acquires the pressure and temperature measured by the pressure sensor 6 and the temperature sensor 7. The container pressurizing module is suitable for sampling and detecting aerosols using a particle sampling analyzer 5 that cannot measure aerosols under a positive pressure environment.
[0065] Preferably, in step (6), the stop valve 12 between the experimental chamber 1 and the leak plate 17 is opened, and under the action of pressure, the aerosol begins to leak from the experimental chamber 1 through the simulated leak tube 16, and the particulate matter sampling analyzer 5 and the data acquisition system 11 measure the mass concentration, particle number concentration and particle size of the aerosol leaked through the simulated leak tube 16 to characterize the total mass, total particle number and particle size distribution of the aerosol at the outlet end of the simulated leak tube; at the same time, considering that under the condition of a tiny leak, the gas leakage flow cannot meet the working flow of the particulate matter sampling analyzer 5, compensating gas is introduced into the device through the compensating gas pipe 15; gas leakage flow = working flow of the particulate matter sampling analyzer 5 - total flow of compensating gas, and the gas leakage flow rate is calculated by the gas leakage flow and the size of the simulated leak tube 16; the total flow of compensating gas is monitored by the flowmeter 18.
[0066] The relationship between the aerosol leakage parameter and the gas leakage parameter or the leak hole parameter is obtained based on the aerosol particle characteristic data and the gas leakage amount collected by the gas leakage flow meter.
[0067] The size and shape of the simulated leakage tube in the embodiment of the present invention; the type, flow rate, and flow rate of the gas; the particle size and density of the aerosol particles can all be changed; therefore, the relationship between aerosol leakage and gas leakage obtained in the embodiment of the present invention can be used to verify the accuracy of the gas leakage flow calculation formula. If not, it can be corrected through this experimental device; the setting of the compensating gas tube 15 solves the problem of trace aerosol leakage failing to meet the working flow of the particle sampling analyzer 5; the established relationship between aerosol leakage and gas leakage is applied to the analysis of the source term of radioactive material leakage release.
[0068] Example 2
[0069] Refer to the attached Figure 4 An experimental method for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
[0070] (1) Install the simulated leakage tube 16 of the aerosol leakage module into the leakage plate 17;
[0071] (2) using a vacuum pump 14 to evacuate the experimental chamber 1;
[0072] (3) The aerosol generator 4 of the aerosol generation and introduction module introduces aerosol into the experimental chamber 1 until the pressure in the experimental chamber 1 reaches a preset value;
[0073] (4) the particle sampling analyzer 5 connected to the experimental chamber 1 collects aerosol particle characteristic data before aerosol leakage, and transmits the collected data to the data acquisition system 11;
[0074] (5) The particle sampling analyzer 5 collects characteristic data of aerosol particles in the experimental chamber 1 after leakage through the leak plate 17 and the simulated leakage tube 16, and transmits the collected data to the data acquisition system 11; calculates the leakage amount of aerosol and gas, and obtains the leakage relationship between aerosol and gas.
[0075] The method of the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to aerosol sampling and detection by a particle sampling analyzer 5 capable of measuring aerosols in a positive pressure environment.
[0076] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.
Claims
1. An experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage, characterized by: The invention comprises an aerosol generation and introduction module, an aerosol leakage module, and an aerosol collection module; the above modules are all connected to an experimental chamber (1); the aerosol generation and introduction module comprises a gas source (2) and an aerosol generator (4) connected in sequence, and the aerosol generator (4) is connected to the experimental chamber (1); the aerosol leakage module comprises a leak plate (17), a simulated leak tube (16), and an aerosol collection tube (19) connected in sequence, and the leak plate (17) is connected to the experimental chamber (1); the aerosol collection module comprises a particle sampling analyzer (5) and a data acquisition system (11), the particle sampling analyzer (5) is connected to the experimental chamber (1) and the aerosol collection tube (19) respectively, and the particle sampling analyzer (5) collects aerosol particle characteristic data before and after leakage and transmits it to the data acquisition system (11); The aerosol leakage module further includes a compensation gas tube (15), and the compensation gas tube (15) is connected to both sides of the aerosol collection tube (19); the aerosol collection tube (19) is a double-layer tube structure of an outer tube and an inner tube; the gap between the inner and outer tubes is welded and sealed on one side of the leak plate (17), and the other side is connected to the particulate matter sampling analyzer (5); the two sides of the outer tube are respectively connected to the compensation gas tube (15), and the compensation gas tube (15) is connected to the high-efficiency filter (13) and the cold dryer (3) in turn to form a compensation gas channel.
2. The experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compensation gas pipe (15) is a pagoda joint pipe.
3. The experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold dryer (3) is connected to a flow meter (18), and the flow meter (18) monitors the flow of the compensation gas passing through the cold dryer (3).
4. The experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The apparatus further comprises a flow and pressure measurement module, the flow and pressure measurement module comprising a pressure sensor (6), a temperature sensor (7), and the flow meter (18). The pressure sensor (6) and the temperature sensor (7) are located at the upper end of the experimental chamber (1) to monitor the pressure and temperature in the experimental chamber (1); the flow meter (18) monitors the gas flow through the compensation gas pipe (15).
5. The experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The aerosol collection module further includes a temperature and pressure collection system (10), wherein the temperature and pressure collection system (10) collects the pressure and temperature values of the pressure sensor (6) and the temperature sensor (7), and transmits the collected data to the data collection system (11).
6. The experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a vacuum pumping module, which is connected to the experimental cavity (1), and a high-efficiency filter (13) is provided between the vacuum pumping module and the experimental cavity (1).
7. The experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aerosol generation and introduction module further comprises a cold dryer (3) and the high-efficiency filter (13). The gas source (2), the cold dryer (3), the high-efficiency filter (13), and the aerosol generator (4) are connected in sequence, and a stop valve (12) is provided between the high-efficiency filter (13) and the aerosol generator (4).
8. The experimental device for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental cavity (1) is connected to a particle sampling analyzer (5) to collect characteristic data of aerosol particles in the experimental cavity (1) before aerosol leakage, and transmit the collected data to a data acquisition system (11).
9. The experimental method for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Install the simulated leak tube (16) of the aerosol leakage module into the leak plate (17); (2) Using a vacuum pump (14) to evacuate the experimental chamber (1); (3) The aerosol generator (4) of the aerosol generation and introduction module introduces aerosol into the experimental chamber (1); (4) the particle sampling analyzer (5) connected to the experimental chamber (1) collects aerosol particle characteristic data before aerosol leakage, and transmits the collected data to the data acquisition system (11); (5) The gas source (2) of the container pressurizing module introduces gas into the experimental chamber (1) to a preset pressure; (6) The particle sampling analyzer (5) collects characteristic data of aerosol particles in the experimental chamber (1) after leakage through the leak plate (17) and the simulated leak tube (16), and transmits the collected data to the data acquisition system (11); calculates the leakage amount of aerosol and gas, and obtains the leakage relationship between aerosol and gas; In step (6), the stop valve (12) between the experimental chamber (1) and the leak plate (17) is opened. Under the action of pressure, the aerosol begins to leak from the experimental chamber (1) through the simulated leak tube (16). The particulate matter sampling analyzer (5) and the data acquisition system (11) measure the mass concentration, particle number concentration and particle size characteristics of the aerosol leaked through the simulated leak tube (16) to characterize the total mass, total particle number and particle size distribution of the aerosol at the outlet end of the simulated leak tube. At the same time, considering that the gas leakage flow cannot meet the working flow of the particulate matter sampling analyzer (5) under the condition of a small leak, compensating gas is introduced into the device through the compensating gas tube (15); gas leakage flow = working flow of the particulate matter sampling analyzer (5) - total flow of compensating gas, and the gas leakage flow rate is calculated by the gas leakage flow and the size of the simulated leak tube (16).
10. The experimental method for simulating trace aerosol leakage and gas leakage according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Install the simulated leak tube (16) of the aerosol leakage module into the leak plate (17); (2) Using a vacuum pump (14) to evacuate the experimental chamber (1); (3) The aerosol generator (4) of the aerosol generation and introduction module introduces aerosol into the experimental cavity (1) until the pressure in the experimental cavity (1) reaches a preset value; (4) the particle sampling analyzer (5) connected to the experimental chamber (1) collects aerosol particle characteristic data before aerosol leakage, and transmits the collected data to the data acquisition system (11); (5) The particle sampling analyzer (5) collects characteristic data of aerosol particles in the experimental cavity (1) after leakage through the leak plate (17) and the simulated leak tube (16), and transmits the collected data to the data acquisition system (11); calculates the leakage amount of aerosol and gas, and obtains the leakage relationship between aerosol and gas.
Citation Information
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