Straw fine pulverization double-row fixed-knife stillage machine

Abstract

The straw fine pulverization double-row fixed knife still field machine belongs to agricultural machinery; the linear track is fixed on the lower end surface of the seat plate, the rear fixed knife plate is hung on the linear track, multiple fixed knives are fixed on the rear fixed knife plate, two screw rod supports and a motor seat are fixed on the upper end surface of the seat plate, the screw rod is supported and installed on the two screw rod supports, the electric motor is installed on the motor seat, the coupling connects the electric motor and the screw rod, the hand wheel is fixed on the screw rod, the stroke limit switch is installed on the screw rod support, the adjustment driving sliding block is sleeved on the screw rod, the stroke limit rod and the stroke pointer are matched on the adjustment driving sliding block, the stroke size scale line is arranged on the upper end surface of the seat plate, and the lower end surface of the adjustment driving sliding block is fixed with the rear fixed knife plate; the machine adopts the cooperation of the double-row fixed knife and the straw fine pulverization knife roller arranged in front and back, realizes the straw fine pulverization operation requirement, has novel, unique and reasonable structure, high straw pulverization quality, high straw adaptability and simple and convenient adjustment operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to straw crushing and returning machinery. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the development of comprehensive utilization technology for crop straw, mechanized straw return to the field has become one of the main methods of straw treatment and utilization in my country. Currently, most straw return machines used in the Chinese agricultural machinery market are horizontal dual-shaft structures, consisting of a front shaft with coarse straw crushing and throwing blades and a rear shaft with fine straw crushing blades. The high-speed rotating fine straw crushing blades work in conjunction with a row of non-adjustable fixed blades to complete the so-called "fine" straw crushing operation. However, years of practical experience have shown that due to varying straw moisture content and different levels of crushing difficulty, the above-mentioned models have poor operational applicability and crushing quality. The crushed straw is uneven in length, and longer straw cannot be covered by soil in subsequent backfilling, burial, and mixing operations, resulting in more exposed straw that is not easily decomposed, failing to meet the technical requirements of the so-called "fine" crushing operation, and seriously affecting the quality of the next round of sowing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art and, in combination with the current practical needs for high-standard technology in straw crushing and returning to the field, to develop and design a double-row fixed-blade straw fine crushing and returning machine, so as to achieve strong operational applicability, good straw fine crushing effect, and provide high-standard, high-quality field conditions for sowing operations.

[0004] The purpose of this invention is achieved as follows: A double-row fixed-blade straw fine crusher includes a frame. A power transmission box and a three-point suspension frame are fixedly mounted on the upper front side of the frame. Straw coarse crushing and throwing blades and straw fine crushing blades are rotatably mounted parallel to each other from front to back on the lower side of the frame. The power transmission box is connected to the straw coarse crushing and throwing blades and the straw fine crushing blades via a power transmission system. The straw fine crushing blades are located on the lower rear side of the frame. A fixed base plate is mounted at the upper part, and a front fixed blade plate is horizontally fixed to the lower end surface of the base plate. Multiple front fixed blades are horizontally and evenly distributed and fixed to the front fixed blade plate. The front fixed blades and the blade teeth of the straw fine crushing roller are axially spaced and radially inserted and overlapped. Two horizontally parallel linear tracks are fixed to the lower end surface of the base plate, located behind the front fixed blade plate. A rear fixed blade plate is suspended and mounted on the lower part of the two linear tracks, allowing for horizontal reciprocating movement. Multiple rear fixed blades are horizontally and evenly distributed and fixed to the rear fixed blade plate. The rear fixed blade and the front fixed blade are arranged laterally with a staggered spacing. The rear fixed blade and the blade teeth of the straw fine crushing roller are axially spaced and radially inserted and overlapped. Two lead screw supports and a motor seat are fixedly mounted laterally and coaxially on the upper surface of the base plate. The lead screws are radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatable on the two lead screw supports. The electric motor is mounted on the motor seat. The two ends of the coupling are respectively connected to the motor shaft of the electric motor and the inner end of the lead screw. A handwheel is fixed on the outer end of the lead screw. Stroke limit switches are installed on the same side of the two lead screw supports. The adjusting drive slider is axially movable and fitted onto the lead screw through a threaded hole. A stroke limit rod and a stroke pointer are equipped on the adjusting drive slider. The stroke limit rod and the stroke limit switch are in contact or discontinuing contact. Stroke dimension scale lines are set on the upper surface of the base plate. The stroke pointer cooperates with the stroke dimension scale lines. The lower part of the adjusting drive slider is located in a transverse rectangular elongated hole on the base plate. The lower end of the adjusting drive slider is fixed to the rear fixed blade plate.

[0005] This invention employs a combination of a double-row fixed blade with a fine straw crushing roller, and one row of fixed blades can be laterally adjusted to change the axial distance between the blade teeth and the fine straw crushing roller. This structure meets the requirements for fine straw crushing operations, improves adaptability to straw, and features a novel, unique, and reasonable structure, high-quality fine straw crushing, high operating efficiency, strong adaptability to straw, simple and convenient adjustment operation, high adjustment accuracy, and provides high-standard field conditions for subsequent sowing operations. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a double-row fixed-blade straw fine crusher for returning straw to the field.

[0007] Figure 2 yes Figure 1A-A partial sectional view.

[0008] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged 3D schematic diagram of section B.

[0009] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the adjustment drive slider.

[0010] Part number description in the image:

[0011] 1. Frame; 2. Power transmission box; 3. Three-point suspension frame; 4. Straw coarse crushing and throwing cutter roller; 5. Straw fine crushing cutter roller; 6. Front fixed blade; 7. Rear fixed blade; 8. Front fixed blade plate; 9. Linear track; 10. Handwheel; 11. Seat plate; 12. Rear fixed blade plate; 13. Screw support; 14. Screw; 15. Adjustment drive slider; 16. Coupling; 17. Motor seat; 18. Electric motor; 19. Travel limit rod; 20. Travel limit switch; 21. Travel pointer. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. A straw fine crushing double-row fixed blade returning machine includes a frame 1. A power transmission box 2 and a three-point suspension frame 3 are fixedly mounted on the upper front part of the middle of the frame 1. Straw coarse crushing and throwing blade rollers 4 and straw fine crushing blade rollers 5 are installed in parallel and rotatable order from front to back on the lower part of the frame 1. The power transmission box 2 is connected to the straw coarse crushing and throwing blade rollers 4 and straw fine crushing blade rollers 5 respectively through a power transmission system. A base plate 11 is fixedly mounted on the lower rear part of the frame 1, above the straw fine crushing blade rollers 5. The front fixed blade plate 8 is laterally arranged... The rear fixed blade plate 12 is fixedly mounted on the lower end face of the base plate 11. Multiple front fixed blades 6 are evenly distributed and fixedly mounted transversely on the front fixed blade plate 8. The front fixed blades 6 and the blades of the straw fine crushing roller 5 are axially spaced and radially inserted and overlapped. Two linear tracks 9 are horizontally parallel to each other and fixedly mounted on the lower end face of the base plate 11, located behind the front fixed blade plate 8. The rear fixed blade plate 12 is laterally reciprocating and suspended on the lower part of the two linear tracks 9. Multiple rear fixed blades 7 are horizontally evenly distributed and fixedly mounted on the rear fixed blade plate 12. The rear fixed blades 7 and the front fixed blades 6 are horizontally spaced and staggered. The rear fixed blade 7 and the straw fine crushing roller 5 have axially spaced and radially inserted overlapping blades; two lead screw supports 13 and a motor base 17 are fixedly mounted laterally and coaxially on the upper surface of the base plate 11. Lead screws 14 are radially and axially positioned and rotatably supported on the two lead screw supports 13. An electric motor 18 is mounted on the motor base 17. The two ends of the coupling 16 are respectively connected to the motor shaft of the electric motor 18 and the inner end of the lead screw 14. A handwheel 10 is fixed to the outer end of the lead screw 14. The two lead screw supports 13 are aligned in the same direction. A travel limit switch 20 is installed on the side. The adjusting drive slider 15 is axially movable and mounted on the lead screw 14 via a threaded hole. A travel limit rod 19 and a travel pointer 21 are mounted on the adjusting drive slider 15. The travel limit rod 19 and the travel limit switch 20 are in contact or discontinuous contact. A travel dimension scale line is set on the upper surface of the base plate 11. The travel pointer 21 cooperates with the travel dimension scale line. The lower part of the adjusting drive slider 15 is located in the transverse rectangular elongated hole on the base plate 11. The lower end of the adjusting drive slider 15 is fixed to the rear fixed blade plate 12. The longitudinal front and rear sides of the rear fixed blade plate 12 are bent upwards, and its cross-section is a groove with outwardly inclined sidewalls.

[0013] During operation, the machine is suspended and connected to the rear of the tractor using a three-point suspension frame 3. The rotational power of the tractor's power output shaft drives the straw coarse crushing and throwing cutter roller 4 and the straw fine crushing cutter roller 5 to rotate clockwise through the power transmission box 2. After picking up and impact-cutting the straw, the straw coarse crushing and throwing cutter roller 4 throws the straw onto the straw fine crushing cutter roller 5. With the successive cooperation of the straw fine crushing cutter roller 5 with the front fixed cutter 6 and the rear fixed cutter 7, the straw is subjected to two shearing crushing operations, achieving fine crushing of the straw, which is then spread back to the field. When adjusting the lateral distance between the blades on the straw fine crushing roller 5 and the rear fixed blades 7 on the rear fixed blade plate 12 according to different straw moisture contents and operating conditions, the electric motor 18 is started or the handwheel 10 is turned by hand to drive the lead screw 14 to rotate on the two lead screw supports 13. The drive slider 15 is adjusted axially, and the rear fixed blade plate 12 drives the rear fixed blades 7 to move laterally. After completion, the lateral distance between the rear fixed blades 7 on the fixed blade plate 12 and the blades on the straw fine crushing roller 5 is adjusted. The cooperation between the stroke pointer 21 and the stroke dimension scale line on the upper end face of the base plate 11 can accurately control the adjustment precision. The cooperation between the stroke limit rod 19 and the stroke limit switch 20 can adjust the stroke within a safe and reliable range to avoid blade collision accidents. The upward bending of the front and rear sides of the rear fixed blade plate 12 not only improves and increases the overall strength of the rear fixed blade plate 12, but also plays a good role in guiding the straw and reducing the sliding resistance of the straw. In addition, it has a protective function for the straight track 9, avoiding and reducing the entry of straw, dust and impurities, ensuring the smooth and precise reciprocating sliding of the rear fixed blade plate 12 on the straight track 9, and reducing the sliding resistance.

Claims

1. A straw fine crushing double-row fixed-blade returning machine, comprising a frame (1), wherein a power transmission box (2) and a three-point suspension frame (3) are fixedly mounted on the upper front part of the middle of the frame (1), and straw coarse crushing and throwing blade rollers (4) and straw fine crushing blade rollers (5) are rotatably mounted in parallel from front to back on the lower part of the frame (1), wherein the power transmission box (2) is connected to the straw coarse crushing and throwing blade rollers (4) and straw fine crushing blade rollers (5) respectively through a power transmission system. The straw fine crushing roller (5) is connected, and a base plate (11) is fixedly installed on the lower rear side of the frame (1), above the straw fine crushing roller (5). A front fixed blade plate (8) is horizontally fixedly installed on the lower end face of the base plate (11). Multiple front fixed blades (6) are horizontally and evenly distributed on the front fixed blade plate (8). The front fixed blades (6) and the blades of the straw fine crushing roller (5) are axially spaced and interlaced, and radially inserted and overlapped. The characteristic is that: Two straight tracks (9) are fixed horizontally parallel to each other on the lower end surface of the seat plate (11), located at the rear side of the front fixed blade plate (8). The rear fixed blade plate (12) is suspended and installed on the lower part of the two straight tracks (9) in a horizontally reciprocating manner. The longitudinal front and rear sides of the rear fixed blade plate (12) are bent upwards, and its cross-section is a groove with outwardly inclined sidewalls. Multiple rear fixed blades (7) are evenly fixed horizontally on the rear fixed blade plate (12). The rear fixed blades (7) and the front fixed blades (6) are arranged horizontally at intervals and staggered. The blades of the rear fixed blades (7) and the straw fine crushing blade roller (5) are axially spaced and radially inserted and overlapped. Two lead screw supports (13) and a motor seat (17) are fixed horizontally coaxially on the upper end surface of the seat plate (11). The lead screws (14) are radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatable on the two lead screw supports (13). The electric motor (18) is installed. The coupling (16) is installed on the motor base (17). The two ends of the coupling (16) are connected to the motor shaft of the electric motor (18) and the inner end of the lead screw (14), respectively. A handwheel (10) is fixed on the outer end of the lead screw (14). A travel limit switch (20) is installed on the same side of the two lead screw supports (13). The adjusting drive slider (15) is axially movable and fitted on the lead screw (14) through a threaded hole. A travel limit rod (19) and a travel pointer (21) are installed on the adjusting drive slider (15). The travel limit rod (19) and the travel limit switch (20) are in contact or discontinuing contact. A travel dimension scale line is set on the upper surface of the base plate (11). The travel pointer (21) cooperates with the travel dimension scale line. The lower part of the adjusting drive slider (15) is located in the transverse rectangular long hole on the base plate (11). The lower end of the adjusting drive slider (15) is fixed to the rear fixed blade plate (12).

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