A processing method for the reverse taper of a synchronizer gear sleeve

Abstract

The present invention discloses a processing method for the reverse taper of a synchronizer gear sleeve, which includes the following steps: obtaining the positions and number of teeth of multiple normal teeth in the initial stage; selecting the normal teeth in a specific position among them as the target teeth, and determining the number of processing cycles according to the number of teeth of the normal teeth in the initial stage; taking the target teeth as the starting cutting position, cutting one to-be-processed end of multiple normal teeth in the initial stage on the synchronizer gear sleeve with preset cutting parameters, and cyclically cutting the remaining normal teeth in the initial stage according to the number of processing cycles to form initially reverse-tapered normal teeth; then taking the initially reverse-tapered normal teeth in the specific position as the starting cutting position, cutting the other to-be-processed end of multiple normal teeth in the initial stage on the synchronizer gear sleeve with preset cutting parameters, and cyclically cutting the remaining initially reverse-tapered normal teeth according to the number of processing cycles to form final normal teeth. The present invention aims to solve the problems of low processing efficiency and low processing accuracy of the existing synchronizer reverse taper.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of synchronizer sleeves, particularly to the technical field of reverse taper machining, and specifically to a machining method for the reverse taper of a synchronizer sleeve. Background Art

[0002] For the involute reverse taper machining of a synchronizer sleeve, the currently more advanced methods at home and abroad are cycloidal rotary parting cutting. A milling cutter cuts one tooth at a time at the spline tooth groove, machining the original spline teeth into reverse taper teeth. Finally, the milling cutter cuts into all the spline tooth grooves to machine the entire spline into a reverse taper. However, for some synchronizer sleeves with complex structures, some of the spline reverse taper teeth are cancelled, and several adjacent teeth in the original spline are combined into one high tooth evenly distributed in the sleeve as the shift ENDSTOP, aiming to play the role of shift stopping. According to the current machining method, the tool will cut into the tooth groove before the merged tooth. However, due to the existence of the merged high tooth, the cutting blade will cut to the top of the merged high tooth, resulting in interference and unable to complete the machining. At the same time, the existing cycloidal rotary parting cutting method has a long machining time and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main object of the present invention is to propose a machining method for the reverse taper of a synchronizer sleeve, aiming to solve the problems of low machining efficiency and low machining accuracy of the existing synchronizer reverse taper machining.

[0004] To achieve the above object, a machining method for the reverse taper of a synchronizer sleeve is proposed. The inner wall of the synchronizer sleeve is provided with a plurality of normal tooth initial teeth and a plurality of merged teeth. Each of the normal tooth initial teeth has two machined ends along the axial direction of the synchronizer sleeve. The machining method for the reverse taper of the synchronizer sleeve includes the following steps:

[0005] Obtain the positions and numbers of teeth of the plurality of normal tooth initial teeth;

[0006] Select the normal tooth initial teeth at specific positions as target teeth, and determine the machining cycle times according to the number of teeth of the normal tooth initial teeth;

[0007] Taking the target teeth as the starting cutting positions, cutting one machined end of the plurality of normal tooth initial teeth on the synchronizer sleeve with preset cutting parameters, and cyclically cutting the remaining normal tooth initial teeth with the machining cycle times to form preliminary reverse taper normal teeth;

[0008] Then, taking the preliminary reverse taper normal teeth at specific positions as the starting cutting positions, cutting the other machined end of the plurality of normal tooth initial teeth on the synchronizer sleeve with preset cutting parameters, and cyclically cutting the remaining preliminary reverse taper normal teeth with the machining cycle times to form final normal teeth;

[0009] Wherein, the preset cutting parameters include preset tool running trajectory parameters.

[0010] Optionally, after the step of selecting the normal first tooth at a specific position as the target tooth and determining the number of machining cycles based on the number of teeth of the normal first tooth, the following steps are further included:

[0011] Obtain the number of teeth of the merged teeth;

[0012] Determine the number of teeth of the normal first tooth on each cutting path according to the number of teeth of the merged teeth;

[0013] Determine the tool running trajectory according to the number of teeth of the normal first tooth on each cutting path, and store the tool running trajectory as a preset tool running trajectory parameter.

[0014] Optionally, the number of teeth of the merged teeth is three, and the number of teeth of the normal first tooth on each cutting path is three.

[0015] Optionally, the step of selecting the normal first tooth at a specific position as the target tooth and determining the number of machining cycles based on the number of teeth of the normal first tooth includes the following steps:

[0016] Obtain the number of teeth of the merged teeth in the synchronizer sleeve and the number of teeth of the normal first tooth in the synchronizer sleeve;

[0017] Determine the number of machining cycles according to the number of teeth of the merged teeth and the number of teeth of the normal first tooth.

[0018] Optionally, the number of teeth of the merged teeth is g, the theoretical number of teeth of the synchronizer sleeve is z, each merged tooth combines m normal first teeth, and the number of tool cycles is n, where n = (z - g×m) / g.

[0019] Optionally, each normal first tooth has two end faces symmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the synchronizer sleeve;

[0020] The starting cutting position is one of the two end faces symmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the synchronizer sleeve of the target tooth.

[0021] Optionally, the preset cutting parameters further include the offset of the tool;

[0022] Before the step of taking the target tooth as the starting cutting position, cutting one to-be-machined end of the multiple normal first teeth on the synchronizer sleeve with the preset cutting parameters, and cyclically cutting the remaining normal first teeth with the number of machining cycles to form the preliminary reverse taper normal teeth, the following steps are further included:

[0023] Obtain the tooth pitch between two adjacent normal first teeth;

[0024] Determine the tool offset according to the tooth pitch.

[0025] Optionally, starting from the target tooth as the cutting position, cutting one end to be machined of a plurality of the initial normal teeth on the synchronizer sleeve with preset cutting parameters, and cyclically cutting the remaining initial normal teeth for the number of machining cycles, the step of forming the preliminary reverse taper normal teeth further includes the following steps:

[0026] Starting from the target tooth as the cutting position, cutting one end to be machined of a plurality of the initial normal teeth on the synchronizer sleeve with preset cutting parameters to complete the first cycle of machining;

[0027] Adjust the tool to the initial normal tooth adjacent to the target tooth according to the tool offset amount, and then starting from this as the cutting position, cutting one end to be machined of a plurality of the initial normal teeth on the synchronizer sleeve with preset cutting parameters, and repeating the above steps until the number of machining cycles is completed to form the preliminary reverse taper normal teeth.

[0028] Optionally, the offset amount of the tool is a, where a = i×360° / z, i is the rotational speed ratio of the tool relative to the synchronizer sleeve, and z is the theoretical number of teeth of the synchronizer sleeve.

[0029] Optionally, the specific position is the first initial normal tooth adjacent to the merged tooth.

[0030] In the technical solution of the present invention, a special cycloid equation is set using the cycloid equation rotary splitting cutting principle, the cycloid trajectory of the tool is determined according to the cycloid equation, and the end to be machined of the synchronizer sleeve is cut with preset cutting parameters to form a reverse taper on the normal teeth. During the machining process, the tool can avoid specific positions (such as merged teeth) on the synchronizer sleeve, and at the same time control the initial cutting position of the tool, effectively avoiding the merged teeth on the synchronizer sleeve, thereby completing the continuous cutting machining of the reverse taper of the normal teeth of the synchronizer sleeve, with high machining efficiency and high machining accuracy, meeting the requirements of the machining process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the processing method for the merged teeth of the synchronizer sleeve provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2Schematic diagram of simulating the tool running track provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of one of the tool cutting processes provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of another tool cutting process provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of yet another tool cutting process provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of still another tool cutting process provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 Physical drawing of the synchromesh sleeve teeth merging processed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 Physical drawing of the synchromesh sleeve teeth merging processed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 Physical drawing of the synchromesh sleeve teeth merging processed in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 Physical drawing of the synchromesh sleeve teeth merging processed in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 Physical drawing of the synchromesh sleeve teeth merging processed in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0043] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) involved in the embodiments of the present invention, then the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0046] In addition, if the embodiments of the present invention involve descriptions such as "first" and "second", the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing throughout the text includes three parallel scenarios. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes Scenario A, or Scenario B, or the scenario where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to implement. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or inability to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0047] For the involute taper machining of the synchronizer gear sleeve, the currently more advanced methods at home and abroad are cycloid spiral cutting machining. The milling cutter cuts one tooth at a time at the spline tooth groove, machining the original spline teeth into taper teeth. Finally, the milling cutter cuts into all the spline tooth grooves to machine the entire spline into a taper. However, for some gear sleeves with complex structures, some spline taper teeth are cancelled, and several adjacent teeth in the original spline are combined into one high tooth and evenly distributed in the gear sleeve as the ENDSTOP for shifting, aiming to play the role of stopping the shift. According to the current machining method, the tool will cut into the tooth groove before the merged teeth. However, due to the existence of the merged high teeth, the cutting blade will cut to the top of the merged high teeth, resulting in interference and unable to complete the machining. At the same time, the existing cycloid spiral cutting method has a long machining time and low efficiency.

[0048] In view of this, the present invention provides a machining method for the taper of a synchronizer gear sleeve. Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the machining method for the taper of a synchronizer gear sleeve provided by the present invention. Through this machining method, continuous cutting machining of the normal teeth of the gear sleeve with a complex structure can be realized, and the machining efficiency is high, the machining accuracy is high, and it meets the machining process requirements. The machining method for the taper of the synchronizer gear sleeve will be mainly described below in conjunction with specific drawings.

[0049] It should be noted that the inner wall of the synchronizer gear sleeve is provided with a plurality of normal initial teeth and a plurality of merged teeth. Each of the normal initial teeth has two machined ends along the axial direction of the synchronizer gear sleeve. Please refer to Figure 1 , and the machining method for the taper of the synchronizer gear sleeve includes the following steps:

[0050] Step S10: Obtain the positions and numbers of teeth of the plurality of normal initial teeth;

[0051] Step S20: Select the normal initial teeth at specific positions as target teeth, and determine the machining cycle times based on the number of teeth of the normal initial teeth;

[0052] Step S30: Using the object tooth as the starting cutting position, cutting one end to be machined of multiple initial normal teeth on the synchronizer sleeve with preset cutting parameters, and cyclically cutting the remaining initial normal teeth according to the number of machining cycles to form preliminary chamfered normal teeth.

[0053] Step S40: Then, using the preliminary chamfered normal teeth at a specific position as the starting cutting position, cutting the other end to be machined of multiple initial normal teeth on the synchronizer sleeve with preset cutting parameters, and cyclically cutting the remaining preliminary chamfered normal teeth according to the number of machining cycles to form final normal teeth; wherein, the preset cutting parameters include preset tool running trajectory parameters.

[0054] In the technical solution of the present invention, a special cycloid equation is set using the cycloid equation rotary splitting cutting principle, the cycloid trajectory of the tool is determined according to the cycloid equation, and the end to be machined of the synchronizer sleeve is cut with preset cutting parameters to form a chamfer on the normal teeth. During the machining process, the tool can avoid specific positions (such as tooth merging) on the synchronizer sleeve, and at the same time control the initial cutting position of the tool, effectively avoiding tooth merging on the synchronizer sleeve, thereby completing the continuous cutting machining of the chamfer on the normal teeth of the synchronizer sleeve, with high machining efficiency and high machining accuracy, meeting the machining process requirements.

[0055] It should be noted that the medium for specifically implementing the machining method of the present invention is not limited, as long as it can complete the machining of the chamfer. The present invention is mainly based on a numerical control machine tool for machining. The numerical control machine tool includes a computer for controlling the program and a machine tool for machining. The connection method between the computer and the machine tool can refer to the conventional settings in the art and will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0056] In some embodiments, before the step S10, the following steps are further included:

[0057] Step S100: Obtaining multiple input cycloid parameters to generate multiple simulated tool running trajectories.

[0058] Step S110: Selecting the simulated tool running trajectory that avoids all the tooth mergings as the preset tool running trajectory parameters.

[0059] Before step S10, first, a model of the synchronizer sleeve is established through 3D modeling software. Using the cycloid equation rotary splitting cutting principle, all tool running trajectories are simulated on the model of the synchronizer sleeve, and the tool running trajectory that avoids all the tooth mergings is selected from the formed tool running trajectories. The tool running trajectory that avoids all the tooth mergings is the actual running trajectory of the tool in the synchronizer sleeve during actual machining (such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, obtain the preset tool running trajectory parameters according to the actual running trajectory, design the tool using 3D modeling software according to the preset tool running trajectory parameters to obtain the tool drawing, and then manufacture the tool according to the tool drawing. The design and modeling process of the tool can refer to the conventional methods in the art and will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0060] It should be noted that the 3D modeling software is not limited as long as it can perform physical simulation. In this embodiment, the 3D modeling software includes CAM modeling software.

[0061] In some embodiments, when performing step S10, it is specifically carried out through the following steps: scan all the teeth in the synchronizer gear sleeve through the sensor on the numerically controlled machine tool, find the merged teeth according to the difference characteristics between the merged teeth and the normal initial teeth, transmit the signal to the computer, and the computer judges the position of the normal initial teeth through the signal and controls the tool so that the tool is aligned with the merged initial teeth at a specific position.

[0062] In some embodiments, the starting cutting position is the top circle of the target tooth.

[0063] In some embodiments, after step S20, the following steps are further included:

[0064] Step S210: Obtain the number of teeth of the merged teeth;

[0065] Step S220: Determine the number of normal initial teeth on each cutting path according to the number of teeth of the merged teeth;

[0066] Step S230: Determine the tool running trajectory according to the number of normal initial teeth on each cutting path, and store the tool running trajectory as preset tool running trajectory parameters.

[0067] In some embodiments, since it is necessary to avoid the merged teeth during the cutting process, it is necessary to determine the number of the merged teeth, and determine the number of normal initial teeth on each cutting path according to the number of the merged teeth. For example, the number of teeth of the merged teeth is three, and the number of normal initial teeth on each cutting path is three; connect the three normal initial teeth according to the process requirements to obtain the cycloid parameters, and obtain the running trajectory of the tool according to the cycloid parameters, so as to obtain the preset tool running trajectory parameters. With such a setting, the number of normal initial teeth for each processing is determined according to the number of the merged teeth, realizing the simultaneous processing of multiple normal initial teeth, saving processing time and improving processing efficiency.

[0068] In some embodiments, step S20 includes the following steps:

[0069] Step S201: Obtain the number of teeth of the merged teeth within the synchronizer sleeve and the number of teeth of the initial teeth of the normal teeth within the synchronizer sleeve;

[0070] Step S202: Determine the number of machining cycles according to the number of merged teeth and the number of teeth of the initial teeth of the normal teeth.

[0071] Further, in this embodiment, the number of merged teeth is g, the theoretical number of teeth of the synchronizer sleeve is z, each merged tooth merges m initial teeth of the normal teeth, and the number of tool cycles is n, where n = (z - g×m) / g. Specifically, the theoretical number of spline teeth in the synchronizer sleeve is 42, there are 3 merged teeth at the initial stage, each merged tooth merges 2 initial teeth of the normal teeth (that is, each merged tooth occupies the positions of two initial teeth of the normal teeth), and the 3 merged teeth are evenly distributed at three places within the synchronizer sleeve (the angle between every two merged teeth is 120°), that is, z = 42, g = 3, m = 2, then the number of tool cycles n is 12. According to the principle of the cycloid equation, the speed ratio of the synchronizer sleeve to the tool is set to 3, and it is continuously cycled 12 times. The tool will complete the machining of 3×12 teeth, and one side of all the initial teeth of the normal teeth except the merged teeth on the entire synchronizer sleeve will be machined, that is, all the one-side chamfers will be machined.

[0072] Further, in some embodiments, each initial tooth of the normal teeth has two end faces symmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the synchronizer sleeve; the starting cutting position is one of the two end faces symmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the target tooth. It should be noted that both end faces of the initial tooth of the normal teeth need to be machined. Therefore, in the actual machining process, first select one end face as the machining end face. After this end face is machined, then make adjustments, replace it with the other end face for machining. After both end faces are machined, the final teeth of the normal teeth can be obtained.

[0073] In some embodiments, the preset cutting parameters further include the starting angle of the synchronizer sleeve and the starting angle of the tool.

[0074] After the step S202, the following steps are further included:

[0075] Step S203: Adjust the offset of the synchronizer sleeve according to the starting angle of the synchronizer sleeve;

[0076] Step S204: Adjust the offset of the tool according to the starting angle of the tool.

[0077] In this embodiment, before machining, it is necessary to first adjust the positions of the synchronizer gear sleeve and the tool. According to the machining process requirements, adjust the starting angle of the synchronizer gear sleeve, and at the same time adjust the starting angle of the tool, so that the tool cuts from the normal teeth. One purpose of adjusting the starting angle of the synchronizer gear sleeve and the starting angle of the tool is to meet the machining process requirements, and the other is to avoid the merged teeth and prevent the tool from accidentally touching the merged teeth during the cutting process.

[0078] In some embodiments, the preset cutting parameters further include the tool feed rate. Adjust the tool feed rate according to the actual machining process requirements to ensure the normal progress of cutting.

[0079] In some embodiments, the preset cutting parameters further include the offset of the tool.

[0080] Before step S40, the following steps are further included:

[0081] Step S410: Obtain the tooth pitch between two adjacent normal initial teeth.

[0082] Step S420: Determine the tool offset according to the tooth pitch.

[0083] In this embodiment, since it is necessary to repeat machining multiple times to complete the reverse taper machining of all the normal initial teeth, after the tool completes one cycle of machining, it is necessary to adjust the position of the tool so that the tool is aligned with the next cutting position. In the actual operation process, first obtain the tooth pitch between two normal initial teeth, obtain the tool offset according to the tooth pitch and the machining process requirements, and adjust the position of the tool according to the tool offset so that the cutting amount of each cycle of machining is the same.

[0084] In some embodiments, step S40 further includes the following steps:

[0085] Step S401: Take the target tooth as the starting cutting position and cut one end to be machined of multiple normal initial teeth on the synchronizer gear sleeve with the preset cutting parameters to complete the first cycle of machining.

[0086] Step S402: Adjust the tool to the normal initial tooth adjacent to the target tooth according to the tool offset, and then take this as the starting cutting position and cut one end to be machined of multiple normal initial teeth on the synchronizer gear sleeve with the preset cutting parameters. Repeat the above steps until the machining cycle times are completed to form the preliminary reverse taper normal teeth.

[0087] In some embodiments, please refer to the tool running trajectory and cutting process Figures 3 to 6As shown; preferably, according to the principle of the cycloid equation, the speed ratio of the synchronizer gear sleeve and the tool is set to 3, and they rotate counterclockwise at the same time. Index to find the first normal tooth adjacent to the merged tooth and start cutting. The tool and the synchronizer gear sleeve rotate at a constant speed. When the tool has completed one full circle relative to the gear sleeve, one cycle is completed. The tool will evenly cut 3 teeth, as Figure 3 described. After completing the first cycle, control the feed angle of the rotation axes of the synchronizer gear sleeve and the tool. With the same speed ratio, the tool will start machining from the second normal tooth adjacent to the merged tooth and evenly cut 3 teeth. Repeat the above steps and cycle 12 times continuously. The tool will complete the machining of 3x12 normal teeth. All the normal teeth on one side of the entire synchronizer gear sleeve except the merged teeth will be machined, that is, all the chamfers on one side are machined; similarly, according to the principle of the cycloid equation, set the speed ratio of the synchronizer gear sleeve and the tool to 3, and rotate counterclockwise at the same time. Set a reasonable deflection angle and start cutting from the other side. The tool and the synchronizer gear sleeve rotate at a constant speed. When the tool has completed one full circle relative to the synchronizer gear sleeve, one cycle is completed. The tool will evenly cut 3 teeth on the other side. Further, after completing the first cycle on the other side, control the feed angle of the rotation axes of the synchronizer gear sleeve and the tool. With the same speed ratio, the tool will start machining from the second normal tooth adjacent to the merged tooth and evenly cut 3 teeth. Cycle 12 times continuously. The tool will complete the machining of 3x12 normal teeth. All the normal teeth on the other side of the entire synchronizer gear sleeve except the merged teeth will be machined, that is, all the chamfers on the other side are machined; thus far, except for the 3 merged teeth, the chamfers on both sides are machined, and the tool path completely avoids the 3 merged teeth, enabling continuous machining of the chamfers.

[0088] Further, in this embodiment, the tool offset is a (after each cycle is completed, the tool needs to be offset relative to the synchronizer gear sleeve). Among them, the tool offset is a, where a = i * 360° / z (i is the speed ratio of the tool relative to the synchronizer gear sleeve, and z is the theoretical number of teeth of the synchronizer gear sleeve).

[0089] Even further, the specific position is the first normal tooth adjacent to the merged tooth.

[0090] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the concept of the present invention using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

[0091] The following Examples 1 to 5 are all implemented based on the SIEMENS-840D system, and a numerically controlled machine tool with the SIEMENS-840D system is used for processing. Since the synchronizer sleeve is a thin-walled part, in order to avoid clamping deformation, a hydraulic collet fixture is used for clamping. At the same time, in order to achieve automation, an end face airtight detection device is also added to the fixture; it should be noted that the synchronizer sleeves used in the following Examples 1 to 5 are all produced by Shanghai Automotive Transmission Co., Ltd., and the model of the synchronizer sleeve is SH25D7M.

[0092] The specific processing programs for Examples 1 to 5 are as follows:

[0093] DEF REAL C_GERADE_HL;

[0094] DEF REAL C_POS1_HL;

[0095] DEF REAL C_POS2_HL;

[0096] DEF REAL X_ACHSABST_HL;

[0097] DEF REAL X_MITTE_HL;

[0098] DEF REAL POS_WEG_X_HL;

[0099] DEF REAL X_VORPOS_HL;

[0100] DEF REAL Z_POS_HL;

[0101] DEF REAL C_POS_RN

[0102] DEF REAL X_MITTE_RN;

[0103] DEF REAL X_VORPOS_RN

[0104] DEF REAL X_POS_RN

[0105] DEF REAL Z_POS_RN

[0106] STOPRE

[0107] HL_BERECHNUNG_1120;

[0108] STOPRE

[0109] C_GERADE_HL = PAR

[87] +CORR_HINTERL_C1

[0110] C_POS1_HL = C_GERADE_HL + R1 - R713

[0111] C_POS2_HL = C_GERADE_HL + R1 + R713

[0112] X_ACHSABST_HL = PAR

[82] + CORR_HINTERL_X1

[0113] X_MITTE_HL = PAR

[81]

[0114] POS_WEG_X_HL = (R711 + R712) * R705

[0115] X_MITTE_RN = PAR

[123]

[0116] X_VORPOS_HL = X_ACHSABST_HL + POS_WEG_X_HL + X_MITTE_HL;

[0117] Z_POS_HL = PAR

[86] + CORR_HINTERL_Z1

[0118] STOPRE

[0119] EGOFS(E3);

[0120] EGDEL(E3);

[0121] R60 = 0 R0 = 0

[0122] M07

[0123] G90 G0 Z1 = 0 C1 = 0 + C_POS1_HL

[0124] EGOFS(E3);

[0125] EGDEL(E3);

[0126] EGDEF(E3, C1, 1);

[0127] STOPRE

[0128] EGONSYN(E3, "FINE", PAR

[89] - R714, C1, C_POS1_HL, R702, R703)

[0129] STOPRE

[0130] M40

[0131] Set DO MOV[C1]=1, FA[C1]=R762

[0132] G90 G0 X1=-0.46+X_VORPOS_HL

[0133] STOPRE

[0134] WAITM(40,2);

[0135] STOPRE

[0136] STOPRE

[0137] M161

[0138] Z1=0+Z_POS_HL

[0139] M711

[0140] G04F1.0

[0141] HL_RL_1120

[0142] STOPRE

[0143] Set DO MOV[C1]=0

[0144] G04F2.5

[0145] STOPRE

[0146] EGOFS(E3);

[0147] EGDEL(E3);

[0148] EGDEF(E3,C1,1);

[0149] G90 G0 C1=0+C_POS2_HL

[0150] STOPRE

[0151] EGONSYN(E3,"FINE",PAR

[89] +R714,C1,C_POS2_HL,R702,R703)

[0152] STOPRE

[0153] Set DO MOV[C1]=-1, FA[C1]=R762

[0154] G04F1.0

[0155] HL_LL_1120; HINTERLEGEN LINKSLAUF

[0156] STOPRE

[0157] Set MOV[C1]=0

[0158] M6 M41

[0159] STOPRE

[0160] EGOFS(E3)

[0161] EGDEL(E3);

[0162] STOPRE

[0163] RASTNUT

[0164] STOPRE

[0165] G90 G0 Z1=0

[0166] M17

[0167] Comparative example

[0168] For cycloidal indexing cutting, a milling cutter cuts one tooth at a time at the spline tooth groove, machining the original spline teeth into reverse taper teeth. Finally, the milling cutter cuts into all spline tooth grooves, machining the entire spline into a reverse taper.

[0169] Performance test

[0170] Synchronizer sleeves prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 were tested. Three normal teeth were randomly selected from them to test their data, which were compared with the machining process requirements. At the same time, the total production time was recorded. The specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0171] Table 1 Test results

[0172]

[0173] From Table 1, Figures 7 to 11 it can be concluded that when using the machining method provided by the present invention for merging teeth, the error is small. Compared with the comparative example, the merging tooth precision of the machining method of the present invention is higher, and at the same time, the machining time is shorter. Compared with the comparative example, the machining efficiency is improved.

Claims

1. A processing method for the reverse cone of a synchronizer gear sleeve. The inner wall of the synchronizer gear sleeve is provided with a plurality of normal teeth initial teeth and a plurality of combined teeth. Each of the normal teeth initial teeth has two end portions to be processed along the axial direction of the synchronizer gear sleeve. It is characterized in that, The processing method of the synchronizer gear sleeve reverse taper includes the following steps: Obtain the positions and numbers of teeth of multiple said normal teeth in the initial stage; Select the normal teeth in the initial stage at a specific position among them as target teeth, and determine the number of machining cycles according to the number of teeth of the normal teeth in the initial stage; Taking the target teeth as the starting cutting position, cutting one end to be machined of multiple said normal teeth in the initial stage on the synchronizer gear sleeve with preset cutting parameters, and cyclically cutting the remaining normal teeth in the initial stage with the number of machining cycles to form preliminary reverse-taper normal teeth; Then, taking the preliminary reverse-taper normal teeth at a specific position as the starting cutting position, cutting the other end to be machined of multiple said normal teeth in the initial stage on the synchronizer gear sleeve with preset cutting parameters, and cyclically cutting the remaining preliminary reverse-taper normal teeth according to the number of machining cycles to form final normal teeth; Wherein, the preset cutting parameters include preset tool running trajectory parameters; After the step of selecting the normal teeth in the initial stage at a specific position among them as target teeth and determining the number of machining cycles according to the number of teeth of the normal teeth in the initial stage, the following steps are further included: Obtain the number of teeth of the merged teeth; Determine the number of normal teeth in the initial stage on each cutting path according to the number of teeth of the merged teeth; Determine the tool running trajectory according to the number of normal teeth in the initial stage on each cutting path, and store the tool running trajectory as preset tool running trajectory parameters; The step of selecting the normal teeth in the initial stage at a specific position among them as target teeth and determining the number of machining cycles according to the number of teeth of the normal teeth in the initial stage includes the following steps: Obtain the number of teeth of the merged teeth in the synchronizer gear sleeve and the number of normal teeth in the initial stage in the synchronizer gear sleeve; Determine the number of machining cycles according to the number of teeth of the merged teeth and the number of normal teeth in the initial stage; The number of teeth of the merged teeth is g, the theoretical number of teeth of the synchronizer gear sleeve is z, each merged tooth combines m normal teeth in the initial stage, and the number of tool cycles is n, where n = (z - g×m) / g; The specific position is the first normal tooth in the initial stage adjacent to the merged tooth.

2. The machining method of the reverse taper of the synchronizer gear sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of teeth of the merged teeth is three, and the number of normal teeth in the initial stage on each cutting path is three.

3. The machining method of the reverse taper of the synchronizer gear sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each said normal tooth in the initial stage has two end faces symmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the synchronizer gear sleeve; The starting cutting position is one of the two end faces symmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the synchronizer gear sleeve of the target teeth.

4. The machining method of the reverse taper of the synchronizer gear sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset cutting parameters further include the offset of the tool; Before the step of taking the target teeth as the starting cutting position, cutting one end to be machined of multiple said normal teeth in the initial stage on the synchronizer gear sleeve with preset cutting parameters, and cyclically cutting the remaining normal teeth in the initial stage with the number of machining cycles to form preliminary reverse-taper normal teeth, the following steps are further included: Obtain the tooth pitch between two adjacent normal teeth in the initial stage; Determine the tool offset according to the tooth pitch.

5. The machining method of the reverse taper of the synchronizer sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that The step of taking the target teeth as the starting cutting position, cutting one end to be machined of multiple said normal teeth in the initial stage on the synchronizer gear sleeve with preset cutting parameters, and cyclically cutting the remaining normal teeth in the initial stage with the number of machining cycles to form preliminary reverse-taper normal teeth further includes the following steps: Taking the object tooth as the starting cutting position, cutting an end to be machined of one of the plurality of normal tooth initial teeth on the synchronizer gear sleeve with preset cutting parameters to complete the first cycle of machining; Adjust the tool to the normal tooth initial tooth adjacent to the object tooth according to the tool offset amount, and then taking this as the starting cutting position, cutting an end to be machined of one of the plurality of normal tooth initial teeth on the synchronizer gear sleeve with preset cutting parameters, repeating the above steps until the number of machining cycles is completed to form a preliminary reverse taper normal tooth.

6. The machining method of the reverse taper of the synchronizer gear sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The offset amount of the tool is a, where a = i×360° / z, i is the rotational speed ratio of the tool relative to the synchronizer gear sleeve, and z is the theoretical number of teeth of the synchronizer gear sleeve.

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