Working machine and method for working the ground

Abstract

The invention relates to a working machine (10) and a method for working the ground with a working machine (10) having a column along which a power rotary head (30) is moved vertically by means of an adjustment device, a telescopic kelly system (40) having at least two kellys being displaced and guided by means of the power rotary head, wherein, for the transmission of torque, the kellys are provided at their outer side and / or inner side with axially running drive slats (66) and, at the drive slats, with locking recesses (68) and / or axial locking elements (62), which are moved into the locking recesses (68) for the axial locking of the kellys or out of the locking recesses for the unlocking. According to the invention, the locking state of the kellys is checked automatically by means of a control device, wherein the adjustment device of the power rotary head (30) and / or the main rope winch (50) are actuated by means of the control device in such a way that the kellys (42, 46) are moved axially relative to one another, the movement path of the kellys relative to one another and / or the axial force is detected by means of a detection device when the kellys are moved and the locking state of the kellys is determined by means of the control device on the basis of the detected movement path and / or the detected axial force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a working machine, particularly construction machinery, having a column, along which a power rotary head can be vertically moved by means of an adjustment device. The power rotary head can guide a telescopic square drill rod system having at least two square drill rods, wherein an outer square drill rod and an inner square drill rod are provided. The outer square drill rod is configured to be mounted on the power rotary head. The inner square drill rod includes a rope suspension device for ropes, by means of which the inner square drill rod can be vertically moved by means of a main rope winch. To transmit torque, the square drill rod has axially extending drive strips on its outer and / or inner sides, and locking recesses and / or axial locking elements at the drive strips. The locking elements can be moved into the locking recesses to axially lock the square drill rods, or can be moved out of the locking recesses to unlock them.

[0002] The present invention also relates to a method for processing land using a working machine having a column, a power rotary head moving vertically along the column via an adjustment device, and a telescopic square drill rod system having at least two square drill rods being moved and guided by the power rotary head, wherein an outer square drill rod and an inner square drill rod are provided, the outer square drill rod being mounted on or locked to the power rotary head, the inner square drill rod being suspended at a rope, and the inner square drill rod being moved vertically by means of a main rope winch via the rope, wherein, in order to transmit torque, the square drill rod has an axially extending drive strip on its outer and / or inner sides, and a locking notch and / or axial locking element at the drive strip, the locking element being moved into the locking notch to axially lock the square drill rod, or being moved out of the locking notch to unlock. Background Technology

[0003] A angular drill rod system is a telescopic tool rod system consisting of multiple tubular rod elements and having at least one outer angular drill rod and an inner angular drill rod. The inner angular drill rod and thus the entire angular drill rod system are suspended by a rope, wherein the angular drill rod system is guided by an annular rotary drive device, also known as a power rotary head. Torque can be transmitted from the rotary drive device to a land preparation tool, particularly a drilling tool, mounted at the lower end of the inner angular drill rod, via the angular drill rod system. Greater drilling depths can also be achieved by correspondingly extending and retracting the individual angular drill rod elements relative to each other.

[0004] To transmit torque, each angular drill rod element has axially extending stop bars on its outer and inner sides, which are used to transmit torque. Furthermore, locking notches or locking elements are provided at certain axial locations, particularly in the start and end regions, by means of which the angular drill rod elements can be axially fixed relative to each other. In this way, axial pressure can also be applied to the angular drill rod system and therefore the land processing tool via the drilling drive. The outer angular drill rod can also be axially fixedly connected to the drilling drive.

[0005] Especially in discontinuous land processing, such as when creating boreholes using a drill bit, the drill bit must be repeatedly moved in and out of the borehole. Depending on the borehole depth, the grammage system is repeatedly retracted and extended accordingly. After the drill bit is filled with removed land material, it must be pulled out of the borehole to empty it. This requires unlocking the individual grammage components and repositioning them. At this repositioned position, the grammage system, along with the drill bit, can be pulled out of the borehole and pivoted to the empty position. Subsequently, for another drilling step, the drilling tools are repositioned into the borehole, with the grammage system re-extended.

[0006] The retraction and extension of the angular drill pipe system requires time and expertise from the drill operator. Typically, the locking mechanism is concealed, making it impossible for the operator to identify the location of the locking elements and notches. It is known that the positions of the individual angular drill pipe elements relative to each other are displayed on the operator's control panel. However, this display is technically complex and requires precise calibration of the individual drive components and the angular drill pipe system's position before drilling begins. Furthermore, the type of angular drill pipe system to be used in which implementation scheme must be input into the control unit.

[0007] A method for monitoring a kerb system is known from DE 10 2012 019 850 A1. In this known method, the rotational position of the kerb needs to be detected. This requires a complex sensor assembly, which is, in principle, prone to failure under harsh drilling conditions.

[0008] An effective method for properly locking and unlocking a crisscross drill pipe system can be found in EP 3 287 588 B1 of this type. For locking, the crisscross drill pipes are axially displaced relative to each other under a certain torque until they turn into locking notches and are thus locked. Torque can be reliably detected via short-term pressure changes in the hydraulic drive system and thus serve as evidence of locking.

[0009] During drilling operations, the drilling rig operator may wish to verify the correct locking status of the kurtosis system for reliable drilling. This can be done through visual inspection of the kurtosis system or manual test runs; however, this is time-consuming and, at least in cases where the drilling rig operator is inexperienced, carries the risk of misjudgment. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The object of this invention is to provide a working machine and a method for processing land, which achieve particularly efficient and reliable work using a square drill pipe system.

[0011] This objective is achieved, on the one hand, by the working machine according to the invention, and on the other hand, by the method according to the invention. The invention has several preferred embodiments.

[0012] The working machine according to the invention is characterized by: a control device configured to automatically check the locking state of the angular drill rod, wherein the control device can manipulate the adjustment device of the power rotary head and / or the cable winch to move the angular drill rod axially relative to each other; at least one detection device is provided, which can be used to detect the travel distance and / or axial force of the angular drill rod relative to each other during the movement of the angular drill rod; the control device is configured to determine the locking state of the angular drill rod based on the detected travel distance and / or the detected axial force.

[0013] According to the present invention, a working machine is created in which the locking status of the angular drill pipe system can be reliably checked at any time, independently of the locking process performed by a machine operator. This eliminates the need for visual inspection or special experience of the machine operator.

[0014] Due to the simple operation of the control device, the inspection process is automatically performed, in which the crisscross drill pipe is moved axially relative to each other. If the crisscross drill pipe is in the locked state at this point, the locking element and the locking notch must axially collide with each other within the maximum possible axial movement distance, which also generates an increase in tensile force on the rope and / or axial pressure on the power rotary head. If this state of axial movement and / or increase in axial force is confirmed by the control device, a correct locking state is identified. If this does not occur, the control device can conversely confirm that a correct lock does not exist.

[0015] This invention automates and reliably designs the process for checking the locking status of a kerb system. This also frees the machine operator from this task, eliminating the risk of human error. Overall, this allows for efficient and particularly reliable execution of drilling methods.

[0016] A preferred embodiment of the working machine according to the invention involves storing limit values ​​for the maximum travel distance and / or limit values ​​for the minimum axial force in the control device. To determine the locking state, the detected travel distance can be compared with the maximum travel distance, or the detected axial force can be compared with the minimum axial force. The maximum travel distance is typically several centimeters for each locking position and is primarily determined by the difference between the axial length of the locking notch and the axial length of the locking element inserted therein. In particular, the maximum travel distance depends on the number of locking notches, thus allowing for a total travel distance exceeding one meter in the case of multiple square drill pipes.

[0017] The limit or threshold value for the minimum axial force depends on the common displacement force. When the locking element and the locking notch axially collide, further axial movement is impeded, and an increase in force is generated at the drive unit that caused the axial movement. This can be detected, in particular, by force measuring elements at, for example, the main rope winch or adjusting cylinder, or by an increase in pressure in the hydraulic drive system.

[0018] In its simplest form, the angular drill pipe system consists of only two angular drill pipes: a tubular outer angular drill pipe and an inner angular drill pipe disposed therein. According to an improved embodiment of the invention, to achieve greater drilling depth, it is advantageous to have one or more intermediate angular drill pipes arranged between the outer and inner angular drill pipes. In particular, a angular drill pipe system having three to five angular drill pipes is preferred.

[0019] In principle, the working machinery with the angular drill pipe system according to the invention can be used for various operations. According to an improvement of the invention, it is particularly suitable that a drilling tool, especially a drill bit or drilling worm, is releasably mounted at the lower end of the inner angular drill pipe. This drilling tool can be used for discontinuous drilling, in which the angular drill pipe system must be repeatedly moved in and out.

[0020] According to another embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous that the power rotary head can be operated by a control device when moving the angular drill pipe, wherein a preset torque can be applied. Here, the torque is applied to the angular drill pipe in such a way that the locking element reliably rotates into the locking recess. This ensures that, in the locked state, the locking element and the locking recess meet with the largest possible area.

[0021] In principle, the travel distance and axial force can be determined using appropriate distance or force sensors. A particularly effective method for determining axial force is to detect an increase in pressure within the hydraulic drive system.

[0022] The check for the correct locking status of the angular drill pipe system can be performed by the machine operator when needed, or at a preset time point or during operation. According to an improvement of the invention, it is particularly suitable that, upon detection of a locking status, the position of the adjustment equipment and / or the position of the ropes can be stored in the control device. This detected data can be used to calibrate the angular drill pipe system and verify the locking position.

[0023] Another preferred embodiment of the invention includes at least one input device and / or determining device, which allows input of the type and / or size of the angular drill pipe system, the position of the adjustment device for the power rotary head, and / or the position of the rope. In its simplest form, input can be made via an input terminal. Alternatively, the position can be automatically detected by means of a sensor. Furthermore, the corresponding components can be brought into a defined initial position, and these components can be used to calibrate the working machinery.

[0024] The method according to the invention is characterized by automatically checking the locking state of the angular drill pipe by means of a control device, wherein the control device operates the adjustment device of the power rotary head and / or the main rope winch, thereby causing the angular drill pipe to move axially relative to each other; axially, the travel distance and / or axial force of the angular drill pipe relative to each other are detected by means of at least one detection device during the movement of the angular drill pipe; and the locking state of the angular drill pipe is determined by the control device based on the detected travel distance and / or the detected axial force. The adjustment device may in particular be a feed drive mechanism of a feed carriage, on which the power rotary head is arranged, and the power rotary head can be moved along the column using the feed carriage. The feed drive mechanism may in particular have a hydraulic cylinder or a rope-driven winch.

[0025] The method according to the invention can be performed using working machinery as described above. Therefore, the advantages described above can be achieved.

[0026] An advantageous variation of the invention involves positioning the land preparation tool at the angular drill pipe system onto the ground, particularly the bottom of the borehole, for locking and / or unlocking. This places the land preparation tool and the inner angular drill pipe, to which it is securely connected, in a defined position. Preferably, the outer and / or intermediate angular drill pipes according to the invention can now be moved relative to the inner angular drill pipe until the inspection process is complete. In principle, the method according to the invention can be used in any application requiring a tool with an angular drill pipe system.

[0027] According to one implementation variant, a particularly preferred method is to generate boreholes in the land. The generation of these boreholes can be performed while excavating land material.

[0028] According to another embodiment of the invention, the drilled hole is filled to form the foundation element. In a simple case, the foundation element can be filled with a pourable material (such as sand or gravel). Preferably, the foundation element is filled using a curable material, especially concrete.

[0029] According to an improved embodiment of the invention, an efficient operating procedure can be achieved by executing an automatic locking process via a control device when no locking state is determined. Here, the angular drill pipe can be allowed to move and twist axially relative to each other in a limited manner, as is known in principle for automatic locking. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to preferred embodiments, which are schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic partial view of the first working machine according to the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic partial view of the second working machine according to the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 3 An exploded schematic diagram of the angular drill pipe system before unlocking is shown; and

[0034] Figure 4 It shows Figure 3 A schematic exploded view of the square drill pipe system after locking. Detailed Implementation

[0035] according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The working machines 10 each have substantially vertical columns 12, each column having only Figure 1 The column head 14 is shown in the figure. The square drill pipe system 40 is vertically movable along the column 12 via a rope 52 driven by the main rope winch 50 and guided via the deflection roller 16 at the column head 14.

[0036] According to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In two embodiments, the square drill pipe system 40 is constructed with an outer square drill pipe 42 located above, an inner square drill pipe 46 located below, and an intermediate square drill pipe 44 arranged between them. A rope suspension device 48 is provided at the upper end of the inner square drill pipe 46, and a rope 52 is constructed at the rope suspension device for vertically shifting the inner square drill pipe 46 and other tubular square drill pipe elements.

[0037] The outer drill pipe 42 has a support collar 43 at its upper end, and the outer drill pipe 43 is mounted on the power rotating head 30, i.e., the annular rotation drive device, using this support collar. According to... Figure 1 In this embodiment, a spring-loaded damping device 32 is arranged between the power rotating head 30 and the support collar 43 to dampen impacts. The power rotating head 30 on the slide 18 and thus the outer drill rod 42 can move vertically along the column 12 via the adjusting device 20. According to... Figure 1 In this implementation, the adjusting device 20 is constructed as a hydraulic cylinder. To transmit torque from the power rotating head 30 to the outer drill rod 42 and therefore the entire outer drill rod system 40, a drive slat 66 is arranged on the outer side of the outer drill rod 42, such as from... Figure 2 As can be seen in the image.

[0038] In a known manner, corresponding driving strips 66 or locking elements are also arranged on the outer and inner sides of other square drill rod elements. A pin-shaped connecting element 49 is provided on the bottom side of the inner square drill rod 46, which allows the land processing tool 36 to be mounted anti-rotationally. According to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the land processing tool 36 is constructed as a drilling worm.

[0039] Figure 3 and Figure 4 A simple square drill pipe system 40 is shown, which has an outer square drill pipe 42 and an inner square drill pipe 46. In order to transmit torque from the outer square drill pipe 42 to the inner square drill pipe 46, the outer square drill pipe 42 has at least one locking element 62 on its inner side, which abuts against the axially extending drive strip 66 on the outer side of the inner square drill pipe 46 in the circumferential direction.

[0040] To axially lock the outer drill pipe 42 and the inner drill pipe 46, a light torque can be applied via a control device through a power rotary head 30 to gently press the locking element 62 at the outer drill pipe 42 against the drive slat 66. In this pressed position, the outer drill pipe 42 and the inner drill pipe 46 can now be moved axially relative to each other via the adjusting device 20 or the main rope winch 50. In the illustrated embodiment, upon reaching... Figure 4 In the position shown, the outer drill rod 42, which has locking element 62, rotates counterclockwise in the circumferential direction into the locking recess 68 when it reaches the locking recess 68 (which is configured to drive the axial groove in the slat 66). Here, a torsion occurs between the outer drill rod 42 and the inner drill rod 46, which can be confirmed by a first detection device, in particular a sensor device, as an indication of locking.

[0041] According to the invention, the correct locking state can be automatically checked at any time by means of a control device. For this purpose, the adjusting device 20 and / or the main rope winch 50 with rope 52 are manipulated via the control device such that a defined axial movement of the outer drill rod 42 is made relative to the inner drill rod 46. If a correct lock is present, the block locking element 62 must axially strike the axial stop 69 of the locking notch 68 after at least a certain maximum axial movement distance (which is typically a few centimeters for each locking point and in no case exceeds the axial length of the locking notch). The outer drill rod 42 can no longer move further axially. Furthermore, this results in increased force consumption, which can be detected as an increase in pressure in the hydraulic system through which the axial drive unit is driven. This can be detected by the control device, which then indicates that the correct lock continues to exist.

[0042] If the maximum axial travel distance is exceeded during the inspection by the control device and / or if it is not confirmed that the axial force has increased above the preset minimum axial force value, then a reliable lock is no longer present. This missing lock state can be displayed to the drilling rig operator via the control device. This control device can be operated by the drilling rig operator at any time, ensuring that the operator always reliably understands the correct lock status. If no lock is confirmed, an automatic locking process can preferably be executed via the control device.

Claims

1. A working machine having a column (12), a power rotary head (30) capable of vertically moving along the column by means of an adjustment device (20), and a retractable square drill rod system (40) having at least two square drill rods being capable of being displacedly guided by the power rotary head, wherein, An outer square drill rod (42) and an inner square drill rod (46) are provided. The outer square drill rod is configured to be mounted on the power rotary head (30). The inner square drill rod includes a rope suspension device (48) for a rope (52). The inner square drill rod (46) can be vertically moved by means of a main rope winch (50) via the rope. In order to transmit torque, the square drill rod is provided with an axially extending drive strip (66) on its outer and / or inner sides, and a locking notch (68) and / or an axial locking element (62) at the drive strip (66). The locking element can be moved into the locking notch (68) to axially lock the square drill rod, or can be moved out of the locking notch (68) to unlock it. Its features are, A control device is provided, configured to automatically check the correct locking status of the angular drill pipe independently of the locking process. The control device can manipulate the adjustment device (20) of the power rotary head (30) and / or the main rope winch (50) to move the square drill rods (42, 46) axially relative to each other. At least one detection device is provided, which enables the detection of the travel distance and / or axial force of the square drill rods (42, 46) relative to each other when the square drill rods (42, 46) are moved. The control device is configured to determine the correct locking state of the angular drill pipe based on the detected travel distance and / or the detected axial force.

2. The working machine according to claim 1, Its features are, The control device stores limit values ​​for the maximum travel distance and / or limit values ​​for the minimum axial pressure. To determine the correct locking state, the detected travel distance can be compared with the maximum travel distance, or the detected axial pressure can be compared with the minimum axial pressure.

3. The working machinery according to claim 1 or 2, Its features are, The square drill pipe system (40) has one or more intermediate square drill pipes (44) arranged between the outer square drill pipe (42) and the inner square drill pipe (46).

4. The working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 2, Its features are, A land processing tool (36) is detachably mounted at the lower end of the inner drill rod (46).

5. The working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 2, Its features are, When the square drill rod (42, 46) is moved, the power rotating head (30) can be operated by the control device, wherein a preset torque can be applied.

6. The working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 2, Its features are, To detect axial force, an increase in pressure in a hydraulic drive system can be detected.

7. The working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 2, Its features are, The system is equipped with at least one input device and / or determining device, which can be used to input or determine the type and / or size of the square drill pipe system (40), the position of the adjustment device (20) for the power rotary head (30), and / or the position of the rope (52).

8. The working machine according to claim 7, Its features are, in, When the correct locking state is detected, the position of the adjustment device (20) and / or the position of the rope (52) can be stored in the control device.

9. The working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 2, Its features are, The working machinery mentioned is construction machinery.

10. The working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 2, Its features are, A drill bit or a drilling worm can be loosely installed at the lower end of the inner drill rod (46).

11. A method for processing land using a working machine (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, said working machine having a column (12), a power rotary head (30) vertically moving along the column by means of an adjusting device (20), and a retractable square drill rod system (40) having at least two square drill rods being displaced and guided by said power rotary head, wherein, An outer square drill rod (42) and an inner square drill rod (46) are provided. The outer square drill rod is mounted on the power rotating head (30), and the inner square drill rod is suspended by a rope (52). The inner square drill rod (46) is moved vertically by means of a main rope winch (50) via the rope. In order to transmit torque, the square drill rod is provided with an axially extending drive strip (66) on its outer and / or inner sides, and a locking notch (68) and / or an axial locking element (62) at the drive strip (66). The locking element moves into the locking notch (68) to axially lock the square drill rod, or moves out of the locking notch (68) to unlock it. Its features are, The correct locking status is automatically checked by means of the control device of the square drill pipe, independent of the execution of the locking process. The control device manipulates the adjustment device (20) of the power rotary head (30) and / or the main rope winch (50) to move the square drill rods (42, 46) axially relative to each other. The axial movement distance and / or axial force of the angular drill rods (42, 46) relative to each other are detected by means of at least one detection device during movement, and The control device determines the correct locking state of the angular drill pipe based on the detected travel distance and / or the detected axial force.

12. The method according to claim 11, Its features are, For inspection purposes, the land processing tool (36) at the square drill pipe system (40) is placed on the land.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, Its features are, Create boreholes in the land.

14. The method according to claim 13, Its features are, The drilled hole is filled to form the basic element.

15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 12, Its features are, If the correct locking state is not determined, an automatic locking process is executed via the control device.

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