Vertical shaft slag discharge system and slag discharge control method

Abstract

The present invention is a vertical shaft slag discharge system and a slag discharge control method, the vertical shaft slag discharge system comprises a main pipeline for conveying materials of all particle sizes and a plurality of branch pipelines for conveying materials of different particle size ranges, at least one transfer pipeline is connected in parallel to the main pipeline, a transfer device is arranged on the transfer pipeline, a plurality of screening devices are arranged below the transfer device, the material output position of each screening device is respectively connected to the corresponding branch pipeline; each screening device has meshes of different sizes, each screening device is arranged from top to bottom below the transfer device, and the mesh size of each screening device decreases from top to bottom, so that the material discharged by the transfer device falls into the screening device with the corresponding mesh size. The present invention solves the technical problem that the pipe diameter for conveying slag is poorly matched with the particle size of the slag.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of vertical shaft excavation, and in particular to a vertical shaft slag discharge system and a slag discharge control method. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of a shaft boring machine, the excavation depth can reach hundreds of meters, and the working conditions are particularly harsh. Conventional slag discharge methods (such as scrapers, mud-water circulation, etc.) have disadvantages such as low efficiency and complicated procedures. The negative pressure conveying slag discharge method has the advantages of high slag discharge efficiency and simple installation, and has been used in the construction of shaft projects.

[0003] The existing negative pressure conveying systems for shaft conditions do not consider the particle size distribution of the conveyed materials or only design the system according to a certain uniform particle size material, and configure a single suction pipe for conveying. However, in the actual shaft construction process, due to the complex and changeable vertical strata, the shape, particle size, and properties of the conveyed materials are different. The materials have the characteristics of wide particle size distribution and uneven size (the particle size distribution range can reach 10mm to 100mm). Under the above complex shaft conditions, the existing single-pipe conveying system faces the following problems:

[0004] 1. If the pipeline is designed according to the maximum material particle size, the suction pipe diameter will be too large, resulting in the phenomenon of large pipe diameter sucking small materials, causing energy waste and poor economy.

[0005] 2. If the pipeline is designed according to the particle size of most materials, the diameter of the suction pipe will be too small, which will result in the phenomenon of small pipe diameter sucking large materials, which will increase the friction and wear between the material and the conveying pipeline to a certain extent, and may even cause blockage, resulting in system conveying failure and poor safety.

[0006] With regard to the problem of poor matching between the diameter of the pipe used to transport the slag and the particle size of the slag in the related technology, no effective solution has been given so far.

[0007] Therefore, the inventors, relying on their many years of experience and practice in related industries, propose a vertical shaft slag discharge system and a slag discharge control method to overcome the defects of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertical shaft slag discharge system and a slag discharge control method, which can control materials of different particle sizes for classified transportation, match materials of different particle sizes with corresponding pipe diameters, maximize the transportation efficiency of the slag discharge system, and have higher economy and safety.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following scheme:

[0010] The present invention provides a vertical shaft slag discharge system, the vertical shaft slag discharge system comprises a main pipeline for conveying materials of all particle sizes and a plurality of branch pipelines for conveying materials of different particle size ranges respectively, at least one transfer pipeline is connected in parallel to the main pipeline, a transfer device is arranged on the transfer pipeline, a plurality of screening devices are arranged below the transfer device, and the material output position of each screening device is respectively connected to the corresponding branch pipeline;

[0011] Each of the screening devices has meshes of different sizes, and is arranged sequentially from top to bottom below the transfer equipment, and the mesh size of each of the screening devices decreases sequentially from top to bottom, so that the material discharged from the transfer equipment falls into the screening device with the corresponding mesh size.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shaft slag discharge system also includes a material suction nozzle and a storage device, the feed end of the main pipeline is connected to the material suction nozzle, and the discharge end of the main pipeline is connected to the inlet of the storage device.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outlet of the material storage device is connected to the output pipe, and a fan is provided on the output pipe.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inlet and outlet of the transfer pipeline are respectively connected to the main pipeline, and a first transfer valve and a second transfer valve are respectively provided on the transfer pipeline and located upstream and downstream of the transfer equipment.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first main valve is provided on the main pipeline between the inlet and the outlet of the transfer pipeline.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the screening device is provided with a weight detection element for measuring the weight of the material on the screening device.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first wind pressure detection element is provided on the main pipeline, and a second wind pressure detection element is provided on each branch pipeline.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a connecting pipe is provided between the main pipe and each branch pipe, and an inlet and an outlet of the connecting pipe are connected to the main pipe and the corresponding branch pipe respectively;

[0019] The connecting pipeline is provided with a first branch valve.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second branch valve is provided on the branch pipeline upstream of the outlet of the connecting pipeline.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second main valve is provided on the main pipeline upstream of the inlet of each of the connecting pipelines.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a third main valve is provided on the main pipeline downstream of the inlet of each of the connecting pipelines.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shaft slag discharge system also includes a drainage pipe, the inlet of the drainage pipe is connected to the main pipe located downstream of the third main valve, the outlet of the drainage pipe is connected to the inlet of the storage equipment, and a fourth main valve and a water pump are provided on the drainage pipe.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fifth main valve is provided on the main pipe downstream of the inlet of the drainage pipe.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transfer equipment is a transfer tank, and a slag drop port whose opening and closing states can be controlled is provided at the bottom of the transfer tank.

[0026] The present invention provides a shaft slag discharge control method, which is used to control the shaft slag discharge system to transport materials. The shaft slag discharge control method comprises the following steps:

[0027] Step S1: Detecting the particle size range of the material;

[0028] Step S2: If the particle size range of the material is smaller than the preset range, disconnect the transfer pipeline and directly transport the material through the main pipeline;

[0029] Step S3: If the particle size range of the material is greater than or equal to the preset range, disconnect the main pipeline and transport the material to the transfer equipment through the transfer pipeline;

[0030] Step S4: the transfer equipment discharges the material into the screening device below, each screening device screens the material according to the particle size range of the material, and transports the material on the screening device connected thereto through each branch pipeline.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the weight of the material in the screening device is detected, and when the weight of the material in the screening device reaches a preset threshold, the corresponding branch pipeline is controlled to be connected to transport the material.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the wind pressure change of the main pipeline is detected, and the particle size change of the material transported in the main pipeline is judged based on the wind pressure change. If the particle size change of the material transported in the main pipeline is greater than or equal to a preset range, the main pipeline is disconnected and the corresponding branch pipeline is controlled to be conductive to transport the material.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the wind pressure change of the branch pipe transporting the material is detected, and the particle size change of the material transported in each branch pipe is judged based on the wind pressure change. If the particle size change of the material transported in each branch pipe is less than a preset range, the branch pipe is disconnected and the main pipe is controlled to be conductive to transport the material.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the steps S2 to S4, when in extreme working conditions, the main pipeline is controlled to be connected and the branch pipelines are disconnected, and the material is directly transported through the main pipeline.

[0035] As described above, the characteristics and advantages of the shaft slag discharge system and slag discharge control method of the present invention are: at least one transfer pipeline is connected in parallel to the main pipeline, a transfer device is arranged on the transfer pipeline, and a plurality of screening devices are arranged below the transfer device, each screening device has a mesh of different sizes, and each screening device is arranged from top to bottom below the transfer device, and the mesh size of each screening device decreases from top to bottom. In the process of conveying materials, when the particle size range of the materials is smaller than the preset range, the materials can be directly conveyed through the main pipeline; when the particle size range of the materials is larger than the preset range, the materials can be directly conveyed through the main pipeline. When it is greater than or equal to a preset range, the main pipeline can be disconnected to discharge the materials onto the screening device. After the materials in different particle size ranges are screened by the screening device, the materials on the screening device connected thereto are transported through the corresponding branch pipelines. This can achieve classified transportation of materials with multiple particle sizes under complex working conditions during shaft excavation, and achieve the effect of transporting materials of different particle sizes with different mixing ratios and different particle-to-tube diameter ratios, thereby improving the transportation efficiency of materials, realizing multi-mode pneumatic transportation, reducing the risk of blockage of large pieces of materials, and improving the economy and safety of the transportation system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0037] in:

[0038] Figure 1 : It is a structural schematic diagram of the vertical shaft slag discharge system of the present invention.

[0039] The accompanying drawings in the present invention are:

[0040] 1. Material suction nozzle; 2. Material storage equipment;

[0041] 3. Main pipeline; 4. Transfer pipeline;

[0042] 5. Transfer equipment; 6. Screening device;

[0043] 7. Branch pipeline; 8. Connecting pipeline;

[0044] 9. Weight detection element; 10. First transfer valve;

[0045] 11. Second transfer valve; 12. First main valve;

[0046] 13. Second main valve; 14. Second branch valve;

[0047] 15. First branch valve; 16. Second wind pressure detection element;

[0048] 17. The third main valve; 18. Output pipeline;

[0049] 19. Fan; 20. Fifth main valve;

[0050] 21. Drainage pipe; 22. Fourth main valve;

[0051] 23. Water pump; 24. First wind pressure detection element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] Implementation Method 1

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a vertical shaft slag discharge system, which includes a main pipeline 3 and multiple branch pipelines 7. The main pipeline 3 is used to transport materials of all particle sizes (such as slag), and the multiple branch pipelines 7 are used to transport materials of different particle size ranges respectively. At least one transfer pipeline 4 is connected in parallel to the main pipeline 3, and a transfer equipment 5 is arranged on the transfer pipeline 4. A plurality of screening devices 6 are arranged below the transfer equipment 5, and the material output position of each screening device 6 is respectively connected to the corresponding branch pipeline 7; each screening device 6 has a mesh of different sizes, and each screening device 6 is arranged in sequence from top to bottom below the transfer equipment 5, and the mesh size of each screening device 6 decreases successively from top to bottom, so that the material discharged by the transfer equipment 5 falls into the screening device 6 with the corresponding mesh size.

[0055] In the present invention, at least one transfer pipeline 4 is connected in parallel to the main pipeline 3, and a transfer device 5 is arranged on the transfer pipeline 4. A plurality of screening devices 6 are arranged below the transfer device 5, and each screening device 6 has a mesh of different sizes. The screening devices 6 are arranged from top to bottom below the transfer device 5, and the mesh size of each screening device 6 decreases from top to bottom. In the process of conveying materials, when the particle size range of the materials is less than the preset range, the materials can be directly conveyed through the main pipeline 3; when the particle size range of the materials is greater than or equal to the preset range, the materials can be directly conveyed through the main pipeline 3. , the main pipeline 3 can be disconnected and the materials can be discharged to the screening device 6. After the materials in different particle size ranges are screened by the screening device 6, the materials on the screening device 6 connected thereto are transported through the corresponding branch pipelines 7, thereby realizing the classified transportation of materials with multiple particle sizes under complex working conditions during the shaft excavation process, achieving the effect of transporting materials with different particle sizes in different mixing ratios and different particle-to-tube diameter ratios, improving the material transportation efficiency, realizing multi-mode pneumatic transportation, reducing the risk of blockage of large pieces of materials, and improving the economy and safety of the transportation system.

[0056] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown, the transfer equipment 5 can be but is not limited to a transfer tank. A slag drop opening with a controllable opening and closing state is provided at the bottom of the transfer tank. By controlling the opening and closing state of the slag drop opening of the transfer tank, the dropping state and amount of material to the screening device 6 can be controlled.

[0057] Furthermore, the screening device 6 may be a screen or a vibrating screen, and of course, may also be other equipment that can screen debris of different particle sizes, which is not limited here.

[0058] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the shaft slag discharge system also includes a material suction nozzle 1 and a storage device 2. The feed end of the main pipeline 3 is connected to the material suction nozzle 1, the discharge end of the main pipeline 3 is connected to the inlet of the storage device 2, and the outlet of the storage device 2 is connected to the output pipeline 18. A fan 19 is provided on the output pipeline 18. The slag is sucked into the main pipeline 3 through the material suction nozzle 1, and then transported to the storage device 2 for temporary storage, while the air is discharged to the outside through the air outlet on the storage device 2. The bottom of the storage device 2 is provided with a slag drop port that can be controlled to open and close, and the slag can be discharged to the outside.

[0059] Furthermore, the material storage device 2 may be, but is not limited to, a slag storage tank.

[0060] Further, such as Figure 1As shown, the inlet and outlet of the transfer pipeline 4 are respectively connected to the main pipeline 3, so that the transfer pipeline 4 is connected in parallel with the main pipeline 3. A first transfer valve 10 is provided on the transfer pipeline 4 and located upstream of the transfer device 5, and a second transfer valve 11 is provided on the transfer pipeline 4 and located downstream of the transfer device 5. The on-off state of the transfer pipeline 4 can be controlled by the first transfer valve 10 and the second transfer valve 11, and then it can be controlled whether the material enters the screening device 6 and is transported through the branch pipeline 7 after screening.

[0061] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown, a first main valve 12 is provided on the main pipeline 3 between the inlet and the outlet of the transfer pipeline 4. By providing the first main valve 12, the on-off state of the main pipeline 3 can be controlled.

[0062] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, each screening device 6 is provided with a weight detection element 9 for measuring the weight of the material on the corresponding screening device 6. The weight detection element 9 can detect the weight of the material in the screening device 6 in real time. When the weight of the material in the screening device 6 reaches a preset threshold value (which can be set by the user), the corresponding branch pipeline 7 can be controlled to be connected to transport the material.

[0063] Furthermore, the weight detection element 9 may be, but is not limited to, a weight sensor.

[0064] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the main pipeline 3 is provided with a first wind pressure detection element 24, and each branch pipeline 7 is provided with a second wind pressure detection element 16. The wind pressure detection element can detect the wind pressure change on the corresponding pipeline in real time, and judge the particle size change of the material transported in each branch pipeline 7 according to the wind pressure change. If the particle size change of the material transported in each branch pipeline 7 is less than a preset range (which can be set by oneself), the branch pipeline 7 is disconnected, and the main pipeline 3 is controlled to be connected to transport the material.

[0065] Furthermore, the first wind pressure detection element 24 and the second wind pressure detection element 16 may be, but are not limited to, wind pressure sensors.

[0066] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1As shown, connecting pipes 8 are respectively arranged between the main pipe 3 and each branch pipe 7, the inlet of the connecting pipe 8 is connected to the main pipe 3, and the outlet of the connecting pipe 8 is respectively connected to the corresponding branch pipe 7; each connecting pipe 8 is respectively provided with a first branch valve 15. Through the arrangement of the connecting pipe 8 and the first branch valve 15, the material conveying state between the main pipe 3 and the branch pipe 7 can be switched during the material conveying process. During the material conveying process, if the particle size range of the material is greater than or equal to the preset range, the main pipe 3 can be disconnected, and the material is conveyed to the transfer device 5 through the transfer pipe 4. The transfer device 5 discharges the material into the screening device 6 below. Each screening device 6 screens the material according to the particle size range of the material, and conveys the material on the screening device 6 connected thereto through each branch pipe 7.

[0067] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown, a second branch valve 14 is provided on the branch pipe 7 located upstream of the outlet of the connecting pipe 8. By controlling the on-off state of the second branch valve 14, the on-off state of the branch pipe 7 can be controlled.

[0068] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown, a second main valve 13 is provided on the main pipeline 3 located upstream of the inlet of each connecting pipeline 8, and a third main valve 17 is provided on the main pipeline 3 located downstream of the inlet of each connecting pipeline 8. The on-off state of the second main valve 13 and the third main valve 17 can be controlled by the cooperation of the second main valve 13 and the third main valve 17 to control the on-off state of the main pipeline 3.

[0069] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the shaft slag discharge system also includes a drainage pipe 21, the inlet of the drainage pipe 21 is connected to the main pipe 3 located downstream of the third main valve 17, the outlet of the drainage pipe 21 is connected to the inlet of the storage device 2, and a fourth main valve 22 and a water pump 23 are arranged on the drainage pipe 21. During the excavation process, when encountering a water-gushing layer, drainage operations can be carried out through the drainage pipe 21 to ensure the safety of excavation.

[0070] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown, a fifth main valve 20 is provided on the main pipeline 3 downstream of the inlet of the drainage pipeline 21 .

[0071] In the present invention, during the material conveying process, the screening devices 6 with meshes of different sizes correspond to different branch pipes 7, and the diameter of each branch pipe 7 is designed according to the particle size of the material in the screening device 6 to ensure that the particle size of the conveyed material can match the diameter of the branch pipe 7. After screening by the screening device 6, the material is screened into different particle size distributions, and then transported to the storage device 2 through the corresponding branch pipe 7 for temporary storage, and the slag in the storage device 2 is unloaded to an external slag truck, and the negative pressure air is discharged to the atmosphere after passing through the fan 19. A weight detection element 9 is installed on each screening device 6 to monitor the weight of the slag in each screening device 6, and a second wind pressure detection element 16 is provided at the end of each branch pipe 7 to detect the wind pressure change of each branch pipe 7; a connecting pipe 8 is connected between each branch pipe 7 and the main pipe 3, and a first branch valve 15 is provided on the connecting pipe 8. Each first branch valve 15 can adjust the transportation mode of the slag according to the actual working conditions and by changing the opening and closing state to achieve efficient transportation of the slag. In the material transportation process, the mixing ratio between large-particle-size materials and small-particle-size materials is the key to ensure the efficient operation of the system. If the mixing ratio is too large, it is easy to cause system blockage, and if the mixing ratio is too small, it is easy to cause low system transportation efficiency and high energy consumption. The direct influencing factor of the mixing ratio is the particle size distribution of the transported material. Specifically, when the difference in particle size distribution in the material is greater than or equal to the preset threshold range, according to the dilute phase pneumatic conveying theory, when larger particle size materials are sucked in and mixed with small particle size materials, it will affect the conveying state of small particle size materials in the pipeline, causing the instantaneous mixing ratio to become larger; and the sudden change in the mixing ratio not only affects the stability of the system, but also reduces the conveying efficiency of the system. Therefore, for materials of different particle sizes, pipes of different diameters should be used for transportation, which can effectively improve the stability and conveying efficiency of the system.

[0072] Based on the above principle, in the case of a shaft working condition where the material particle size distribution is quite different, the material is first classified by particle size, and then different mixing ratios and particle-to-tube diameter ratios are adopted for materials of different particle sizes, and pipelines of corresponding diameters are adopted for transportation. In the process of classified transportation, in order to further improve the transportation efficiency and avoid energy waste, a weight detection element 9 is set on the screening device 6. When the material mass reaches the preset threshold, the corresponding branch pipeline 7 is controlled to be turned on to transport the material; otherwise, the corresponding branch pipeline 7 is always in a disconnected state to save energy. In the actual operation process, if the material particle size distribution is basically the same, the main pipeline 3 and the corresponding connecting pipeline 8 and the branch pipeline 7 can be controlled to be turned on according to the particle size of the material, and the slag is directly transported without passing through the transfer equipment 5 and the screening device 6. In the slag transportation state, if the formation mutation or particle size mutation is encountered, the first wind pressure detection element 24 and the second wind pressure detection element 16 can be used to judge the increase or decrease of the material particle size in the pipeline for transporting the material, and the corresponding branch pipeline 7 can be controlled to be turned on according to the change of the material particle size, so as to transport the material of the corresponding particle size. When encountering extreme working conditions (such as large pieces of material (the particle size of the material exceeds the preset maximum particle size) or the screening device 6 fails or encounters a water-gushing layer), the main pipeline 3 can be controlled to be connected and the branch pipelines 7 can be disconnected. The material can be transported directly through the main pipeline 3 without passing through the transfer equipment 5 and the screening device 6, eliminating the risk for normal excavation of the equipment and ensuring the normal progress of the excavation operation.

[0073] The characteristics and advantages of the vertical shaft slag discharge system of the present invention are:

[0074] The shaft slag discharge system can realize the classified transportation of materials with multiple particle sizes under complex working conditions during shaft excavation, and realize the effect of conveying materials of different particle sizes with different mixing ratios and different particle tube diameter ratios, thereby improving the material conveying efficiency, realizing multi-mode pneumatic conveying, reducing the risk of blockage of large materials, and improving the economy and safety of the conveying system.

[0075] Implementation Method 2

[0076] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a shaft slag discharge control method, which is used to control the shaft slag discharge system to transport materials. The shaft slag discharge control method includes the following steps:

[0077] Step S1: Detecting the particle size range of the material;

[0078] Step S2: If the particle size range of the material is smaller than the preset range, the transfer pipeline 4 is disconnected and the material is directly transported through the main pipeline 3;

[0079] Step S3: If the particle size range of the material is greater than or equal to the preset range, the main pipeline 3 is disconnected, and the material is transported to the transfer equipment 5 through the transfer pipeline 4;

[0080] Step S4: the transfer equipment 5 discharges the material into the screening device 6 below. Each screening device 6 screens the material according to the particle size range of the material, and transports the material on the screening device 6 connected thereto through each branch pipe 7.

[0081] The preset range in step S2 and step S3 is the difference range between the material with the largest particle size and the material with the smallest particle size in the material, which reflects the uniformity of the distribution of materials with different particle sizes. In step S2, if the particle size range of the material is less than the preset range, it can be said that the uniformity of the particle size distribution of the material is good; in step S3, if the particle size range of the material is greater than or equal to the preset range, it can be said that the uniformity of the particle size distribution of the material is poor.

[0082] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the weight of the material in the screening device 6 is detected in real time by the weight detection element 9. When the weight of the material in the screening device 6 reaches a preset threshold value (which can be set by itself), the corresponding branch pipeline 7 is controlled to be turned on to transport the material.

[0083] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the wind pressure change of the main pipeline 3 is detected in real time by the first wind pressure detection element 24, and the particle size change of the material transported in the main pipeline 3 is judged according to the wind pressure change. If the particle size change of the material transported in the main pipeline 3 is greater than or equal to a preset range (set by itself), the main pipeline 3 is disconnected, and the corresponding branch pipeline 7 is controlled to be connected to transport the material.

[0084] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the wind pressure change of the branch pipe 7 for transporting materials is detected by the second wind pressure detection element 16, and the particle size change of the material transported in each branch pipe 7 is judged according to the wind pressure change. If the particle size change of the material transported in each branch pipe 7 is less than a preset range (self-set), the branch pipe 7 is disconnected and the main pipe 3 is controlled to be connected to transport the material.

[0085] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, in steps S2 to S4, when in extreme working conditions, the main pipeline 3 is controlled to be connected and the branch pipelines 7 are disconnected, and the material is directly transported through the main pipeline 3.

[0086] The present invention has the following working modes during the actual excavation operation:

[0087] 1. Multi-particle size, multi-pipeline transportation mode: When the slag is distributed in multiple particle sizes under shaft working conditions, and there is a large difference between the slag with the largest particle size and the slag with the smallest particle size, the multi-particle size, multi-pipeline mode can be used for transportation. The material suction nozzle 1 sucks the slag, and opens the first transfer valve 10, the second transfer valve 11, the second main valve 13, the third main valve 17 and the fifth main valve 20. The slag is transported to the transfer equipment 5 through the main pipeline 3 by negative pressure. After the transfer equipment 5 reaches the storage upper limit, the transfer pipeline 4 is controlled to be disconnected, and the other transfer pipeline 4 is turned on. At this time, the full transfer equipment 5 starts to unload the slag, and the other transfer equipment 5 starts to store the slag. The two transfer equipments 5 alternately repeat the slag storage and unloading work in turn, thereby realizing continuous slag transportation operations. After a transfer device 5 has finished unloading the slag, the screening device 6 will screen the slag. After continuous slag transfer and screening, when the weight detection element 9 on one or more screening devices 6 reaches the preset threshold, the second branch valve 1 on the corresponding branch pipe 7 is controlled to open, and the slag on the corresponding screening device 6 is transported through the branch pipe 7; when the weight detection element 9 on the corresponding screening device 6 reaches the preset lower limit, and the second wind pressure detection element 16 on the corresponding branch pipe 7 reaches the preset lower limit, it can be judged that the amount of slag in the corresponding screening device 6 is insufficient, and the second branch valve 14 on the branch pipe 7 is closed to stop the transportation of slag by the corresponding branch pipe 7. Repeating the above slag transportation process can realize the classification of slag and the classified transportation of slag of various particle sizes.

[0088] 2. Single particle size, single pipeline transportation mode: This mode includes two situations. The first situation is that the current slag particle size is known to be uniform (i.e., the particle size range of the material is less than the preset range). The other situation is that a certain stratum is suddenly encountered in the multi-particle size, multi-pipeline transportation mode (i.e., the particle size range of the material is greater than or equal to the preset range, and the material is transported through multiple branch pipelines 7). (For example, the slag in the stratum changes from uneven particle size to uniform particle size). In the first situation, the branch pipeline 7 of the corresponding diameter can be directly matched according to the size of the slag particle size, and the first transfer valve 10, the second transfer valve 11, the second main valve 13 and the first branch valve 15 on the corresponding connecting pipeline 8 can be controlled. The slag is directly transported to the branch pipeline 7 with a matching diameter through the corresponding connecting pipeline 15 without being screened by the screening device 6. In the second case, if the value detected by the weight detection element 9 on a certain layer of the screening device 6 continues to increase, while the values ​​detected by the weight detection elements 9 on other layers of the screening devices 6 change very little or remain stable, it can be judged that the particle size of the slag is relatively uniform, and the control system can start the single particle size, single pipeline transportation mode. Among them, the specific method for opening the single-particle size, single-pipeline transportation mode is: keep the second branch valve 14 on each branch pipeline 7 closed, open the first branch valve 15 on the connecting pipeline 8 connected to the corresponding branch pipeline 7, close the third main valve 17, the fifth main valve 20 on the main pipeline 3 and the first transfer valve 10 and the second transfer valve 11 located upstream and downstream of the transfer equipment 5, open the first main valve 12 on the main pipeline 3, and directly transport it to the branch pipeline 7 with a matching diameter through the corresponding connecting pipeline 15 without screening by the transfer equipment 5 and the screening device 6. When the second wind pressure detection element 16 on the branch pipeline 7 detects that the wind pressure exceeds the preset wind pressure threshold (exceeds the upper limit of the threshold or is lower than the lower limit of the threshold), it can be judged that the particle size of the slag in the branch pipeline 7 has a tendency to increase or decrease. At this time, the control system can stop the single-particle size, single-pipeline transportation mode and restore the multi-particle size, multi-pipeline transportation mode.

[0089] 3. Safe transportation mode: This mode includes three situations. The first situation is when the particle size of the material is larger than the preset range of the particle size of the material. In order to ensure the safe operation of the equipment, the safe transportation mode can be activated. The second situation is when the screening equipment fails or is under maintenance, the safe transportation mode can be activated. The third situation is when a water-gushing layer is encountered and drainage treatment is required, the safe transportation mode can be activated. When encountering the first and second situations, the first main valve 12, the second main valve 13, the third main valve 17, and the fifth main valve 20 on the main pipeline 3 are controlled to open, and other valves are closed. The slag does not pass through the transfer equipment 5 and the screening process. The slag is directly transported to the storage equipment 2 through the main pipeline 3 (the main pipeline 3 is equipped with a safe pipe diameter), so as to realize the transportation of slag under extreme working conditions or fault conditions. When the third situation occurs, the first main valve 12, the second main valve 13, the third main valve 17, and the fourth main valve 22 on the main pipeline 3 are controlled to be opened, other valves are closed, and the water pump 23 is started to pump the gushing water into the storage device 2. The gushing water does not pass through the transfer equipment 5 and the screening process, but is directly transported to the storage device 2 through the main pipeline 3 and then discharged.

[0090] The characteristics and advantages of the vertical shaft slag discharge control method of the present invention are:

[0091] The shaft slag discharge control method can realize the classified transportation of materials with multiple particle sizes under complex shaft working conditions, and realize the effect of conveying materials with different particle sizes in different mixing ratios and different particle-to-tube diameter ratios. On the one hand, it improves the material transportation efficiency; on the other hand, by configuring different sensors and valves, it can realize the conversion between different transportation modes, reduce the risk of material blockage in the pipeline, improve the economy and safety of the system for material transportation, and is suitable for popularization and use.

[0092] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical shaft slag discharge system, It is characterized in that The shaft slag discharge system comprises a main pipeline for conveying materials of all particle sizes and a plurality of branch pipelines for conveying materials of different particle size ranges respectively. The main pipeline is connected in parallel with at least one transfer pipeline, a transfer device is arranged on the transfer pipeline, and a plurality of screening devices are arranged below the transfer device, and the material output position of each screening device is respectively connected to the corresponding branch pipeline; Each of the screening devices has meshes of different sizes, and each of the screening devices is arranged sequentially from top to bottom below the transfer device, and the mesh sizes of each of the screening devices decrease sequentially from top to bottom, so that the material discharged from the transfer device falls into the screening device with the corresponding mesh size; The shaft slag discharge system further includes a material suction nozzle and a material storage device, the feed end of the main pipeline is connected to the material suction nozzle, and the discharge end of the main pipeline is connected to the inlet of the material storage device; A connecting pipe is provided between the main pipe and each branch pipe, and an inlet and an outlet of the connecting pipe are connected to the main pipe and the corresponding branch pipe respectively; A first branch valve is provided on the connecting pipeline; The main pipeline is provided with a first wind pressure detection element, and each branch pipeline is provided with a second wind pressure detection element; When the particle size distribution of the material is basically the same, the main pipeline and the corresponding connecting pipeline and the branch pipeline are controlled to be connected according to the particle size of the material, and the slag is directly transported without passing through the transfer equipment and the screening device; in the slag transportation state, if there is a sudden change in the formation or the particle size, the increase or decrease in the particle size of the transported material is judged by the first wind pressure detection element and the second wind pressure detection element, and the corresponding branch pipeline is controlled to be connected according to the change in the particle size of the material; The wind pressure change of the main pipeline is detected in real time by the first wind pressure detection element, and the particle size change of the material transported in the main pipeline is determined according to the wind pressure change. If the particle size change of the material transported in the main pipeline is greater than or equal to a preset range, the main pipeline is disconnected, and the corresponding branch pipeline is controlled to be connected; The wind pressure change of the branch pipe for transporting materials is detected by the second wind pressure detection element, and the particle size change of the material transported in each branch pipe is judged according to the wind pressure change. If the particle size change of the material transported in each branch pipe is less than a preset range, the branch pipe is disconnected and the main pipe is controlled to be conductive.

2. The vertical shaft slag discharge system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The outlet of the material storage device is connected to an output pipeline, and a fan is arranged on the output pipeline.

3. The vertical shaft slag discharge system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The inlet and the outlet of the transfer pipeline are respectively connected to the main pipeline, and a first transfer valve and a second transfer valve are respectively arranged on the transfer pipeline and located upstream and downstream of the transfer equipment.

4. The vertical shaft slag discharge system according to claim 3, It is characterized in that A first main valve is arranged on the main pipeline between the inlet and the outlet of the transfer pipeline.

5. The vertical shaft slag discharge system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The screening device is provided with a weight detection element for measuring the weight of the material on the screening device.

6. The vertical shaft slag discharge system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A second branch valve is provided on the branch pipeline upstream of the outlet of the connecting pipeline.

7. The vertical shaft slag discharge system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A second main valve is provided on the main pipeline upstream of the inlet of each connecting pipeline.

8. The vertical shaft slag discharge system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A third main valve is provided on the main pipeline downstream of the inlet of each connecting pipeline.

9. The vertical shaft slag discharge system according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The shaft slag discharge system also includes a drainage pipe, the inlet of the drainage pipe is connected to the main pipe located downstream of the third main valve, the outlet of the drainage pipe is connected to the inlet of the storage device, and a fourth main valve and a water pump are provided on the drainage pipe.

10. The vertical shaft slag discharge system according to claim 9, It is characterized in that A fifth main valve is provided on the main pipeline downstream of the inlet of the drainage pipeline.

11. The vertical shaft slag discharge system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The transfer equipment is a transfer tank, and a slag drop port whose opening and closing states can be controlled is arranged at the bottom of the transfer tank.

12. A method for controlling a slag discharge in a shaft, which is used to control the slag discharge system in a shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 11 to transport materials. It is characterized in that The shaft slag discharge control method comprises the following steps: Step S1: Detecting the particle size range of the material; Step S2: If the particle size range of the material is smaller than the preset range, disconnect the transfer pipeline and directly transport the material through the main pipeline; Step S3: If the particle size range of the material is greater than or equal to the preset range, disconnect the main pipeline and transport the material to the transfer equipment through the transfer pipeline; Step S4: the transfer equipment discharges the material into the screening device below, each screening device screens the material according to the particle size range of the material, and transports the material on the screening device connected thereto through each branch pipeline.

13. The method for controlling slag discharge in a vertical shaft according to claim 12, It is characterized in that In the step S4, the weight of the material in the screening device is detected. When the weight of the material in the screening device reaches a preset threshold, the corresponding branch pipeline is controlled to be connected to transport the material.

14. The method for controlling slag discharge in a vertical shaft according to claim 12, It is characterized in that In step S2, the wind pressure change of the main pipeline is detected, and the particle size change of the material transported in the main pipeline is determined based on the wind pressure change. If the particle size change of the material transported in the main pipeline is greater than or equal to a preset range, the main pipeline is disconnected and the corresponding branch pipeline is controlled to be connected to transport the material.

15. The method for controlling slag discharge in a vertical shaft according to claim 12, It is characterized in that In step S4, the wind pressure change of the branch pipe transporting the material is detected, and the particle size change of the material transported in each branch pipe is determined based on the wind pressure change. If the particle size change of the material transported in each branch pipe is less than a preset range, the branch pipe is disconnected and the main pipe is controlled to be connected to transport the material.

16. The method for controlling slag discharge in a vertical shaft according to claim 12, It is characterized in that In the steps S2 to S4, when the operating conditions are extreme, the main pipeline is controlled to be connected and the branch pipelines are disconnected, and the material is directly transported through the main pipeline.

Images