A design method for C-band pulse antenna

Abstract

The present invention discloses a design method for a C-band pulse antenna, comprising: designing an antenna element and simulating its radiation characteristics to meet basic design requirements; adding a director element, placing a single or multiple director elements adjacent to the antenna element, simulating the radiation characteristics of different design combinations after the director elements are installed, and selecting the design combination corresponding to the optimal simulation result as the antenna design model; and optimizing the gain distribution by adding a boss design to the bottom of the antenna design model to optimize the spatial gain distribution of the antenna design model. This design method can optimize the design process and obtain the optimal design structure and radiation characteristics that meet design requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of antennas, and in particular relates to a design method for a C-band pulse antenna. Background Art

[0002] When designing and installing antennas on the outside of an aircraft, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as the antenna's structural dimensions and radiation characteristics. Continuous optimization is required during the design process to ultimately meet design requirements and achieve optimal performance.

[0003] Therefore, how to perform effective optimization and improvement in the antenna design process is a technical problem that technicians in this technical field need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a design method for a C-band pulse antenna, thereby solving the problem in the prior art of lacking an effective method for designing and implementing a C-band pulse antenna.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a design method for a C-band pulse antenna, comprising the steps of:

[0006] Design an antenna vibrator and simulate the radiation characteristics of the antenna vibrator to meet the basic design needs; add a director vibrator, set a single or multiple director vibrators near the antenna vibrator, simulate the radiation characteristics of different combination designs after setting the director vibrators, and select the combination design corresponding to the best simulation result as the antenna design model; optimize the gain distribution, add a boss design to the bottom of the antenna design model, and optimize the spatial gain distribution of the antenna design model.

[0007] Preferably, the antenna element includes a first dipole portion and a second dipole portion connected to each other, and a dipole angle is formed between the first dipole portion and the second dipole portion.

[0008] Preferably, the antenna vibrator is simulated, including changing the length of the first vibrator part and the second vibrator part and / or the angle of the vibrator, respectively obtaining corresponding simulation radiation patterns and gain patterns, and selecting the structure corresponding to the optimal simulation result as the final antenna vibrator.

[0009] Preferably, it is determined that the structure of the director vibrator includes a vertical portion and a horizontal portion that are connected to each other and perpendicular to each other, one or two director vibrators are added to one side of the antenna vibrator, and then radiation characteristic simulation is performed.

[0010] Preferably, one or two director oscillators are added on both sides of the antenna oscillator, and then radiation characteristic simulation is performed to obtain the antenna design model.

[0011] Preferably, the antenna design model includes: there are multiple guiding vibrators, namely a first guiding vibrator, a second guiding vibrator and a third guiding vibrator, the first guiding vibrator is arranged on the front side of the antenna vibrator, the second guiding vibrator and the third guiding vibrator are arranged on the rear side of the antenna vibrator in sequence, and the first guiding vibrator, the second guiding vibrator, the third guiding vibrator and the antenna vibrator are arranged in a straight line.

[0012] Preferably, the direction of the horizontal part of the first guiding vibrator is the same as the direction of the bisector of the vibrator angle, the direction of the horizontal part of the second guiding vibrator and the direction of the horizontal part of the third guiding vibrator are both perpendicular to the bisector of the vibrator angle, and the direction of the horizontal part of the second guiding vibrator is opposite to the direction of the horizontal part of the third guiding vibrator.

[0013] Preferably, adding a boss to the bottom of the antenna design model includes: the boss is trapezoidal, the vertical parts of the first guiding vibrator, the second guiding vibrator, and the third guiding vibrator are all arranged on the boss, and the first supporting part of the antenna vibrator is also arranged on the boss.

[0014] Preferably, according to the antenna design model, the C-band pulse antenna is also designed, including: arranging the boss on the bottom plate, arranging a dielectric substrate on the boss, and further arranging a microstrip line on the dielectric substrate, and the microstrip line connects the antenna element.

[0015] Preferably, the antenna further includes a shell provided on the bottom plate, and the shell is used to cover the boss, the antenna element, the first director element, the second director element and the third director element.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention discloses a design method for a C-band pulse antenna, comprising: designing an antenna element and simulating the radiation characteristics of the antenna element to meet basic design requirements; adding a director element, placing a single or multiple director elements adjacent to the antenna element, simulating the radiation characteristics of different combination designs after the director elements are installed, and selecting the combination design corresponding to the optimal simulation result as the antenna design model; and optimizing the gain distribution by adding a boss design to the bottom of the antenna design model to optimize the spatial gain distribution of the antenna design model. This design method can optimize the design process and obtain the optimal design structure and radiation characteristics that meet design requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for use on an aircraft;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 an exploded schematic diagram of the illustrated embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 An exploded schematic diagram of the illustrated embodiment (with the outer shell removed);

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an aircraft flight according to an embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for an aircraft;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation angle of an embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for use on an aircraft;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation angle of an embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for use on an aircraft;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the antenna gain pattern requirements for an embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for use on an aircraft;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of antenna standing wave ratio simulation of an embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for use on an aircraft;

[0025] Figure 9 Another embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for use on an aircraft has an antenna element but does not have a directional pattern of a director element.

[0026] Figure 10 Another embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for use on an aircraft has an antenna element but no gain diagram of a director element;

[0027] Figure 11 In another embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for use on an aircraft, the director element has only a directional pattern of the first director element;

[0028] Figure 12 The present invention is a gain diagram of another embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for use on an aircraft, in which the director element has only the first director element;

[0029] Figure 13 In another embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for use on an aircraft, the director element has only a directional pattern of the second director element;

[0030] Figure 14 The present invention is a gain diagram of another embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for use on an aircraft, wherein the director element has only the second director element;

[0031] Figure 15 In another embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for use on an aircraft, the director element has only a third director element;

[0032] Figure 16In another embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for an aircraft, the director elements include only the first director element and the second director element.

[0033] Figure 17 In another embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for an aircraft, the director elements include only the first director element and the third director element.

[0034] Figure 18 In another embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for an aircraft, the director elements include only the second director element and the third director element.

[0035] Figure 19 In another embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for an aircraft, the director element has the directional patterns of the first director element, the second director element, and the third director element.

[0036] Figure 20 In another embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for an aircraft, the director element has gain diagrams of a first director element, a second director element, and a third director element.

[0037] Figure 21 is a directional pattern of another embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for an aircraft without a boss;

[0038] Figure 22 It is a flow chart of an embodiment of a design method for a C-band pulse antenna. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in this specification. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] In the drawings, arrow X indicates the front direction, that is, the front-back direction, arrow Y indicates the side direction, that is, the left-right direction, and arrow Z indicates the vertical direction, that is, the up-down direction.

[0042] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3The C-band pulse antenna for aircraft includes a base plate 1, a dielectric substrate 2, an antenna vibrator 3 and a connector 4. The dielectric substrate 2 and the connector 4 are arranged on the base plate 1, and have a high degree of overlap (the dielectric 2 and the connector 4 are arranged on the base plate 1, and the base plate 1 is used as the central carrier. The various components are arranged and installed around the base plate 1, so that the overall overlap of the antenna is high), which is conducive to miniaturization of the antenna. The antenna vibrator 3 is arranged on the dielectric substrate 2. A microstrip line 21 is also provided on the dielectric substrate 2. The microstrip line 21 connects the antenna vibrator 3 and the connector 4. The antenna vibrator 3 includes a first vibrator portion 31 and a second vibrator portion 32 that are connected to each other. The plane formed by the first vibrator portion 31 and the second vibrator portion 32 is parallel to the base plate 1. The antenna vibrator 3 is a monopole antenna with a wide radiation pattern coverage.

[0043] The C-band pulse antenna of this invention can be installed on aerospace aircraft. The C-band pulse antenna can cooperate with other components to establish channel transmission between the aircraft (such as a rocket) and the ground measurement and control center, and complete the measurement, control and communication between the aircraft and the ground.

[0044] More preferably, the antenna element 3 is made of metal.

[0045] Further preferably, the dielectric substrate 2 is made of epoxy resin, glass cloth or other materials, and the microstrip line 21 on the dielectric substrate 2 is a microstrip line with a length of one quarter wavelength, which is used for matching circuits.

[0046] Preferably, the antenna element 3 also includes a first supporting portion 33, which is columnar and vertically arranged on the dielectric substrate 2. The top of the first supporting portion 33 connects the first dipole portion 31 and the second dipole portion 32. Specifically, an intersection is formed when the first dipole portion 31 and the second dipole portion 32 are connected, and the top of the first supporting portion 33 is connected to the intersection.

[0047] Preferably, a vibrator angle is formed between the first vibrator portion 31 and the second vibrator portion 32 , and the range of the vibrator angle is 45°-120°. More preferably, the range of the vibrator angle is 70°-110°. Specifically, the range of the vibrator angle is 90°.

[0048] Preferably, the first vibrator portion 31 and the second vibrator portion 32 are in the shape of elongated strips, and the vibrator angle is 90°, that is, the first vibrator portion 31 is perpendicular to the second vibrator portion 32 .

[0049] Preferably, the joint 4 is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the base plate 1 .

[0050] Preferably, it also includes a boss 5, which is arranged on the base plate 1, and the dielectric substrate 2 is arranged on the boss 5. Further preferably, the cross-section of the boss 5 is a trapezoid, which is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The boss 5 is located in the middle of the base plate 1, and the materials of the boss 5 and the base plate 1 are both metal. The setting of the boss 5 is to reduce the reflection effect of the base plate 1 on the antenna radiation pattern.

[0051] Preferably, a substrate groove 51 is formed on the boss 5. The substrate groove 51 is used to accommodate the dielectric substrate 2, which can effectively protect and hide the dielectric substrate 2, so that the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 2 is lower than the upper surface of the boss 5, or the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 2 is flush with the upper surface of the boss 5, so as to prevent the dielectric substrate 2 from protruding from the upper surface of the boss 5, thereby effectively protecting the dielectric substrate 2 and ensuring the reliability of the antenna structure.

[0052] Preferably, the height of the boss 5 is 12 mm, the boss 5 is trapezoidal, the upper base is 4 mm, and the lower base is 20 mm. The boss 5 is provided to make the antenna have a certain distance from the base plate 1, reducing the reflection effect of the base plate 1 on the antenna radiation pattern. A space gap is reserved inside the boss 5 so that the wire can be threaded through the gap.

[0053] Preferably, it also includes a guiding vibrator 6, which has a vertical portion and a horizontal portion that are connected to each other and perpendicular to each other. The vertical portion is arranged on the boss 5 and is perpendicular to the base plate 1, and the horizontal portion is parallel to the base plate 1. The material of the guiding vibrator 6 is metal. The function of the guiding vibrator 6 is to shape the antenna so that the gain in the direction parallel to the base plate 1 is increased and the distribution of the directional pattern qualification rate is met.

[0054] Preferably, there are multiple guiding vibrators 6, namely the first guiding vibrator 61, the second guiding vibrator 62 and the third guiding vibrator 63. The first guiding vibrator 61 is arranged on the front side of the antenna vibrator 3, and the second guiding vibrator 62 and the third guiding vibrator 63 are arranged on the rear side of the antenna vibrator 3 in sequence, and the first guiding vibrator 61, the second guiding vibrator 62, the third guiding vibrator 63 and the antenna vibrator 3 are arranged in a straight line.

[0055] Preferably, the direction of the horizontal portion 611 of the first guiding vibrator 61 is the same as the direction of the bisector of the vibrator angle, the direction of the horizontal portion 621 of the second guiding vibrator 62 and the direction of the horizontal portion 631 of the third guiding vibrator 63 are both perpendicular to the bisector of the vibrator angle, and the direction of the horizontal portion 621 of the second guiding vibrator 62 is opposite to the direction of the horizontal portion 631 of the third guiding vibrator 63, which can increase the radiation range, improve the gain of the antenna, and enhance the reliability of the antenna.

[0056] Preferably, a shell 7 is provided on the base plate 1 , and the shell 7 is used to cover the boss 5 , and protect the boss 5 , the antenna element 3 and the guide element 6 .

[0057] Preferably, the net space size of the shell 7 is: 95mm long × 70mm wide × 21mm high, which can well limit the height. The height of the C-band pulse antenna used on the aircraft is 17mm. The present invention has the advantages of small size, light weight, simple and reliable structure.

[0058] Preferably, the length range of the horizontal part of the first guide vibrator 61 is 2mm-6mm, the length of the horizontal part 611 of the first guide vibrator 61 is 3mm or 5mm, the length range of the horizontal part 621 of the second guide vibrator 62 is 2mm-6mm, the length of the horizontal part 621 of the second guide vibrator 62 is 4mm or 6mm, the length range of the horizontal part 631 of the third guide vibrator 63 is 2mm-6mm, the length of the horizontal part 631 of the third guide vibrator 63 is 4mm or 6mm, and the lengths of the first vibrator part 31 and the second vibrator part 32 are both 7.8mm.

[0059] Preferably, the height of the boss 5 is 12.5 mm, the length of the boss is 70 mm, the height of the first guiding vibrator 61 is 6 mm, the height of the second guiding vibrator 62 is 5 mm, the height of the third guiding vibrator 63 is 7.5 mm, the interval between the first guiding vibrator 61 and the second guiding vibrator 62 is 30 mm, the interval between the second guiding vibrator 62 and the third guiding vibrator 63 is 15 mm, the distance between the first guiding vibrator 61 and the antenna vibrator 3 is 15 mm, the distance between the antenna vibrator 3 and the second guiding vibrator 62 is 15 mm, and the distance between the antenna vibrator 3 and the third guiding vibrator 63 is 30 mm.

[0060] Preferably, the second director vibrator 62 and the third director vibrator 63 have the same height.

[0061] Recombination Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , angle α is the division angle of the equatorial plane of the aircraft. Looking from the head to the tail of the aircraft, the third quadrant of the rocket body is 0°, and it rotates counterclockwise, passing through the fourth, first, and second quadrants in sequence, for a total of 360°. β is the division angle of the meridian plane of the aircraft. Taking the flight direction of the aircraft as 0°, it extends from the head to the tail of the aircraft for a total of 180°.

[0062] Preferably, the split angle α of one antenna is 219°±1°; the split angle α of the other antenna is 39°±1°.

[0063] Preferably, in one embodiment, the design requirements of the aircraft for the antenna are that the antenna standing wave coefficient is ≤1.5 and the antenna polarization mode is linear polarization.

[0064] Antenna gain pattern requirements are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, from this Figure 7It can be seen that when the direction angle β is 40°-60°, the antenna gain is greater than -10dB, and when the direction angle β is 140°-150°, the antenna gain is the maximum and is -2dB.

[0065] Recombination Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of antenna standing wave ratio simulation of an embodiment of a C-band pulse antenna for aircraft according to the present invention. The horizontal axis Freq is the impedance bandwidth, and the vertical axis VSWR is the standing wave ratio. The antenna has low reflection and standing wave ratio.

[0066] Figure 9 Another embodiment of the C-band pulse antenna for aircraft of the present invention has only antenna elements and no directional pattern of the guide elements. Figure 10 Another embodiment of the present invention is a C-band pulse antenna for aircraft, which has an antenna element but no guide element. Figure 9 In the figure, the P direction (the direction indicated by the red arrow) is the flight direction, theta represents the angle on the H plane of the antenna, the Q direction (the direction indicated by the green line segment in the figure, and phi should be marked next to the green line segment, and the green line segments in subsequent figures are similar to this, which will not be repeated here) is perpendicular to the flight direction, and phi represents the angle on the E plane. Figure 9 The symbol descriptions in are the same as those in the other subsequent directional diagrams.

[0067] exist Figure 10 In the figure, the horizontal axis theta represents the angle on the H plane of the antenna, the vertical axis Gain represents the gain, and phi represents the angle on the E plane. The H plane is the plane formed by the maximum radiation direction of the antenna and the magnetic field direction, and the E plane is the plane formed by the maximum radiation direction of the antenna and the electric field direction.

[0068] exist Figure 9 It can be seen from the figure that the maximum gain of the antenna is 4.2977dB, and the gain of the upper part is higher and the coverage angle is larger, which basically meets the antenna design requirements. Figure 10 It can be seen that when phi is 30°, 60°, 90°, 120° and 150°, the highest gain basically meets the requirements, but the minimum gain is low and needs further optimization.

[0069] Hereinafter, the directivity pattern and gain of the antenna are changed by setting the first directive element, the second directive element, and the third directive element.

[0070] exist Figure 9 and Figure 10 The embodiment shown has only the antenna element base, Figure 11 In another embodiment of the present invention, the C-band pulse antenna for aircraft has only the first guiding element as the guiding element. Figure 12This is a gain diagram of another embodiment of the C-band pulse antenna for aircraft of the present invention, in which the guiding oscillator has only the first guiding oscillator; Figure 9 and Figure 10 Compared with the case without the guide oscillator, after adding the first guide oscillator, the maximum gain along its direction (theta=180° direction) is improved, and the maximum radiation direction is shifted along the -Z direction.

[0071] exist Figure 9 and Figure 10 The embodiment shown has only the antenna element base, Figure 13 This is the directional pattern of the second director of another embodiment of the C-band pulse antenna for aircraft of the present invention. Figure 14 1 is a gain diagram of another embodiment of the C-band pulse antenna for aircraft of the present invention, in which the director oscillator has only the second director oscillator; and Figure 9 and Figure 10 Compared with the case without the guide element, after adding the second guide element, the maximum gain along its direction (theta=0° direction) is improved, and the maximum radiation direction is shifted along the +Z direction.

[0072] exist Figure 9 and Figure 10 The embodiment shown has only the antenna element base, Figure 15 This is the directional pattern of the third guiding element in another embodiment of the C-band pulse antenna for aircraft of the present invention. Figure 15 In the figure, the area indicated by the first arrow F1 on the left represents that the gain of the antenna in this direction is low, and it is necessary to add a guiding vibrator in the upper half space to improve the gain; and the area indicated by the second arrow F2 on the right represents that the gain of this part of the area is too large, which is significantly greater than the antenna gain of the area indicated by the first arrow F1 on the left, resulting in insufficient antenna gain in the area indicated by the first arrow F1 on the left.

[0073] exist Figure 9 and Figure 10 The embodiment shown has only the antenna element base, Figure 16 In another embodiment of the present invention, the C-band pulse antenna for aircraft has only the first and second guiding oscillators, which are similar to the directional patterns of the above-mentioned Figure 15 compared to, Figure 16 The gain of the area indicated by the middle arrow F1 is slightly improved, so it can be seen that adding the guide oscillator is beneficial.

[0074] exist Figure 9 and Figure 10 The embodiment shown has only the antenna element base, Figure 17This is the directional pattern of another embodiment of the C-band pulse antenna for aircraft of the present invention, in which the director oscillators only have the first director oscillator and the third director oscillator. Figure 17 The gain of the area indicated by the arrow F1 is low, so it is necessary to Figure 17 A second director is added to the upper half of the space shown, which increases the gain.

[0075] exist Figure 9 and Figure 10 The embodiment shown has only the antenna element base, Figure 18 This is the directional pattern of another embodiment of the C-band pulse antenna for aircraft of the present invention, in which the director oscillators only have the second director oscillator and the third director oscillator. Figure 18 The area indicated by the first arrow F1 is very steep, and the antenna gain drops rapidly after passing the maximum point. Therefore, it is necessary to add a first guiding oscillator, and the first guiding oscillator is located at Figure 18 The lower half of the space shown in the figure can improve the gain of the antenna so that the antenna meets the requirements; at the same time, Figure 18 The green color of the directional pattern in the area indicated by the second arrow F2 is very obvious. The obvious green area is where the gain is very small, which is called zero depth.

[0076] Figure 19 In another embodiment of the C-band pulse antenna for aircraft of the present invention, the director oscillator has the directional patterns of the first oscillator, the second oscillator and the third oscillator. Figure 20 In another embodiment of the C-band pulse antenna used on an aircraft of the present invention, the guiding vibrator has the gain diagrams of the first vibrator, the second guiding vibrator and the third guiding vibrator at the same time. After adding three guiding vibrators (i.e., the first guiding vibrator, the second guiding vibrator and the third guiding vibrator), the coverage gain of the antenna in the +Z direction is significantly improved, and the zero depth on the theta=90° plane is improved, and the coverage rate in the specified direction reaches the best effect. After setting the guiding vibrator, the gain will be more average, and the guiding vibrator can play the role of converting a large gain in a small range into a small gain in a large range, that is, the guiding vibrator can make the gain more balanced and not too "steep".

[0077] Preferably, combined Figure 2 In the embodiment, if the boss is not provided, as Figure 21 As shown, Figure 21The overall profile of the radiation pattern shown has a relatively obvious steep mutation, indicating that the spatial distribution of the radiation pattern is uneven and discontinuous, especially the antenna gain cannot meet the antenna gain requirements at theta = 20°-60° and theta = 110°-150°. The reason for the excessive steepness is that the antenna vibrator 3 is very close to the base plate 1 and the height is not increased; by setting the boss 5, the distance between the antenna vibrator 3 and the base plate 1 is increased, and at the same time, the guide vibrator 6 (including the first guide vibrator 61, the second guide vibrator 62 and the third guide vibrator 63) is added, which can pull the antenna radiation pattern to the upper and lower halves of the space shown in the figure, so that the antenna gain requirements are better met.

[0078] Based on the same concept, the present invention provides an embodiment of a design method for a C-band pulse antenna, such as Figure 22 As shown, the steps include:

[0079] S1: Design an antenna element and simulate the radiation characteristics of the antenna element to meet basic design requirements;

[0080] S2: Adding a director, placing a single or multiple director adjacent to the antenna, performing radiation characteristic simulations on different combination designs after the director is installed, and selecting the combination design corresponding to the best simulation result as the antenna design model;

[0081] S3: Optimizing the gain distribution, adding a boss design to the bottom of the antenna design model, and optimizing the spatial gain distribution of the antenna design model.

[0082] Preferably, in step S1, the antenna element is designed to include a first dipole portion and a second dipole portion connected to each other, and a dipole angle is formed between the first dipole portion and the second dipole portion.

[0083] Preferably, combined Figure 9 and Figure 10 In the embodiment shown, the antenna vibrator is simulated, including changing the length of the first vibrator part and the second vibrator part and / or the angle of the vibrator, respectively obtaining corresponding simulation radiation patterns and gain patterns, and selecting the structure corresponding to the optimal simulation result as the final antenna vibrator.

[0084] Preferably, during the simulation, the range of the included angle between the first and second dipole portions is selected to be 45°-120°. Further preferably, the range of the included angle is 70°-110°. Specifically, the final determined included angle of the antenna dipole is 90°, and the lengths of the first and second dipole portions are both 7.8 mm.

[0085] Preferably, in step S2, the structure of the director vibrator is designed to include a vertical portion and a horizontal portion that are interconnected and perpendicular to each other, one or two director vibrators are added to a single side of the antenna vibrator, and then radiation characteristic simulation is performed.

[0086] Furthermore, it can be combined Figure 11 and Figure 12 Example Figure 13 and Figure 14 Example Figure 15 In the embodiment, a guide vibrator is added to one side of the antenna vibrator to perform simulation, and the corresponding simulation results are obtained. Figure 18 In the embodiment, two director oscillators are added to one side of the antenna oscillator to perform simulation, and corresponding simulation results are obtained.

[0087] Preferably, in step S2, it further includes adding one or two director oscillators on both sides of the antenna oscillator, and then performing radiation characteristic simulation to obtain the antenna design model.

[0088] Specifically, you can combine Figure 16 Example Figure 17 In the embodiment, a director oscillator is added to both sides of the antenna oscillator to perform simulation, and corresponding simulation results are obtained.

[0089] Preferably, there are multiple guiding vibrators, namely a first guiding vibrator, a second guiding vibrator and a third guiding vibrator. The first guiding vibrator is arranged on the front side of the antenna vibrator, and the second guiding vibrator and the third guiding vibrator are arranged on the rear side of the antenna vibrator in sequence, and the first guiding vibrator, the second guiding vibrator, the third guiding vibrator and the antenna vibrator are arranged in a straight line.

[0090] Preferably, the direction of the horizontal part of the first guiding vibrator is the same as the direction of the bisector of the vibrator angle, the direction of the horizontal part of the second guiding vibrator and the direction of the horizontal part of the third guiding vibrator are both perpendicular to the bisector of the vibrator angle, and the direction of the horizontal part of the second guiding vibrator is opposite to the direction of the horizontal part of the third guiding vibrator.

[0091] Specifically, you can combine Figure 19 、 Figure 20 In the embodiment, one side of the antenna element is the first director element, and the other side is the second director element and the third director element. The design scheme is simulated and corresponding simulation results are obtained.

[0092] Furthermore, in step S3, a boss is added to the bottom of the antenna design model, including: the boss is trapezoidal, the vertical portions of the first guiding vibrator, the second guiding vibrator, and the third guiding vibrator are all arranged on the boss, and the first supporting portion of the antenna vibrator is also arranged on the boss.

[0093] Combine Figure 21 As shown, if the boss is not set, Figure 21 The overall profile of the radiation pattern has obvious steep changes, indicating that the spatial distribution of the radiation pattern is uneven and discontinuous. In particular, the antenna gain at theta = 20°-60° and theta = 110°-150° cannot meet the antenna gain requirements.

[0094] Further, according to Figure 19 、 Figure 20 、 Figure 21 The embodiment can determine the antenna design model and further design the antenna, including: setting the boss on the bottom plate, setting the dielectric substrate on the boss, and setting a microstrip line on the dielectric substrate, and the microstrip line connecting the antenna vibrator. In addition, the antenna also includes a shell set on the bottom plate, the shell is used to cover the boss, antenna vibrator, first director vibrator, second director vibrator and third director vibrator. The antenna finally designed and implemented is as follows: Figure 1-3 For the specific antenna size and structure of the embodiment shown, please refer to the above content and will not be repeated here.

[0095] Based on the above embodiments, the present invention discloses a design method for a C-band pulse antenna, including: designing an antenna element and simulating its radiation characteristics to meet basic design requirements; adding a director element, placing a single or multiple director elements adjacent to the antenna element, simulating the radiation characteristics of different combinations of designs after the director elements are installed, and selecting the combination corresponding to the optimal simulation result as the antenna design model; and optimizing the gain distribution by adding a boss design to the bottom of the antenna design model to optimize the spatial gain distribution of the antenna design model. This design method can optimize the design process and obtain the optimal design structure and radiation characteristics that meet design requirements.

[0096] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for a C-band pulse antenna, characterized in that: Including steps: Designing an antenna element and simulating the radiation characteristics of the antenna element to meet basic design requirements; the antenna element includes a first dipole portion and a second dipole portion connected to each other, and a dipole angle is formed between the first dipole portion and the second dipole portion; Adding a director vibrator, setting the director vibrator near the antenna vibrator, performing radiation characteristic simulations on different combination designs after setting the director vibrator, and selecting the combination design corresponding to the best simulation result as the antenna design model; The antenna design model includes: there are multiple director dipoles, namely a first director dipole, a second director dipole, and a third director dipole; the orientation of the horizontal portion of the first director dipole is the same as the orientation of the bisector of the dipole angle, the orientation of the horizontal portion of the second director dipole and the orientation of the horizontal portion of the third director dipole are both perpendicular to the bisector of the dipole angle, and the orientation of the horizontal portion of the second director dipole is opposite to the orientation of the horizontal portion of the third director dipole; Optimize the gain distribution, add a boss design to the bottom of the antenna design model, and optimize the spatial gain distribution of the antenna design model.

2. The design method of the C-band pulse antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna vibrator is simulated, including changing the length of the first vibrator part and the second vibrator part and / or the angle of the vibrator, respectively obtaining corresponding simulation radiation patterns and gain patterns, and selecting the structure corresponding to the optimal simulation result as the final antenna vibrator.

3. The design method of the C-band pulse antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The structure of the director oscillator is determined to include a vertical portion and a horizontal portion that are connected to each other and perpendicular to each other, one or two director oscillators are added to one side of the antenna oscillator, and then radiation characteristic simulation is performed.

4. The design method of the C-band pulse antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: One or two director oscillators are added on both sides of the antenna oscillator, and then radiation characteristic simulation is performed to obtain the antenna design model.

5. The design method of the C-band pulse antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first director oscillator is arranged on the front side of the antenna oscillator, the second director oscillator and the third director oscillator are arranged on the rear side of the antenna oscillator in sequence, and the first director oscillator, the second director oscillator, the third director oscillator and the antenna oscillator are arranged in a straight line.

6. The design method of a C-band pulse antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: Adding a boss to the bottom of the antenna design model includes: the boss is trapezoidal, the vertical parts of the first guiding vibrator, the second guiding vibrator, and the third guiding vibrator are all arranged on the boss, and the first supporting part of the antenna vibrator is also arranged on the boss.

7. The design method of a C-band pulse antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: According to the antenna design model, the C-band pulse antenna is also designed, including: setting the boss on the bottom plate, setting a dielectric substrate on the boss, and further setting a microstrip line on the dielectric substrate, and the microstrip line connecting the antenna vibrator.

8. The design method of a C-band pulse antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The antenna further includes a shell arranged on the bottom plate, and the shell is used to cover the boss, the antenna element, the first director element, the second director element and the third director element.

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