A hydrogen pressure control system and method for a fuel cell anode

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydrogen pressure control system and method for a fuel cell anode, belonging to the technical field of fuel cells. It includes a hydrogen supply pipeline and a hydrogen circulation pipeline to achieve hydrogen supply, with a relatively simple structure. The present invention also collects the voltages of each battery cell in the fuel cell through a monomer cell voltage acquisition harness, calculates the discrete coefficient based on the collected voltage data, determines whether to perform hydrogen intake pressure compensation according to the calculated discrete coefficient, and automatically sets the opening compensation parameter of the proportional valve and the speed compensation parameter of the hydrogen circulation pump to complete the compensation of the hydrogen intake pressure in the fuel cell anode, which can effectively reduce the pressure fluctuation of hydrogen in the fuel cell anode, improve system stability, and extend the service life of the fuel cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a fuel cell anode hydrogen pressure control system and method. Background Art

[0002] As a clean energy source, hydrogen has diverse sources and has the advantages of being storable, transportable, and generatable. Moreover, the product after the reaction of hydrogen is only water, truly achieving zero emissions and zero pollution. Hydrogen can undergo an electrochemical reaction through a proton exchange membrane fuel cell to convert chemical energy into electrical energy, and its energy conversion efficiency can reach more than 60% at most. Currently, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology has become mature and has entered the stage of commercial application.

[0003] When the fuel cell is working, hydrogen and air need to be transported through the intake pipeline to both sides of the proton exchange membrane for electrochemical reaction. Since the proton exchange membrane is relatively fragile, the pressure difference on both sides of the proton exchange membrane needs to be maintained within a small range at all times. When the fuel cell is working, liquid water is generated at the anode, reducing the reaction efficiency of the fuel cell. At this time, it is necessary to rely on the pressure of hydrogen to discharge the water at the anode through the tail exhaust valve. When the tail exhaust valve is opened, the water and part of the hydrogen at the anode will be discharged. At the moment when the tail exhaust valve is opened and closed, the pressure of the anode hydrogen will instantaneously fluctuate greatly. The pressure of the fuel cell cathode is relatively stable compared to the anode pressure. The fluctuation of the anode pressure when the tail exhaust valve is opened and closed is the main reason for the fluctuation of the hydrogen-air pressure difference and the hydrogen-water pressure difference. The stability of the hydrogen intake pressure is the key point and difficulty of the fuel cell anode pressure control.

[0004] A good fuel cell hydrogen pressure control system can ensure small fluctuations in the cathode-anode pressure difference, protect the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell, especially maintain the stability of the system under transient conditions, and shorten the system response time. The existing fuel cell anode hydrogen supply systems and controls have the following problems:

[0005] (1) To maintain the stability of the anode pressure, components such as multiple hydrogen supply pipelines, hydrogen buffer tanks, ejectors, etc. are added, increasing the complexity of the system structure and raising the system cost;

[0006] (2) As the fuel cell system ages, its operating characteristics will continuously change;

[0007] (3) The existing fuel cell hydrogen pressure control systems mostly adopt a fixed cycle and a fixed duration to open and close the tail exhaust valve, and cannot ensure that the control parameters scientifically and reasonably meet the requirements of the full life cycle of the fuel cell;

[0008] (4) The existing fuel cell hydrogen pressure control systems lack a scientific and reasonable pressure compensation control algorithm at the moment when the tail exhaust valve is opened and closed.

[0009] In view of this, the present invention provides a fuel cell anode hydrogen pressure control system and method, which is very necessary to solve the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell anode hydrogen pressure control system and method in view of the defects in the prior art that the existing fuel cell hydrogen pressure control system has a relatively complex structure and lacks pressure compensation, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0012] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a fuel cell anode hydrogen pressure control system, including a fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem, a fuel cell, a monomer cell voltage acquisition harness, a hydrogen pressure control subsystem and a host computer. One end of the fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem is connected to the fuel cell, and the other end of the fuel cell is connected to the hydrogen pressure control subsystem through the monomer cell voltage acquisition harness, and the hydrogen pressure control subsystem is connected to the host computer;

[0013] The fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem includes a detection component and an execution component. The detection component is connected to the input end of the hydrogen pressure control subsystem, and the execution component is connected to the output end of the hydrogen pressure control subsystem. The hydrogen pressure control subsystem calculates the discrete coefficient according to the voltage data of each monomer in the fuel cell obtained by the monomer cell voltage acquisition harness, and controls the operation of each component in the execution component according to the calculated discrete coefficient.

[0014] In one embodiment, the fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem further includes a hydrogen tank, a nitrogen tank and a water separator. The detection component includes a medium pressure sensor, a flow meter, a first temperature and pressure sensor and a second temperature and pressure sensor. The execution component includes a three-way valve, a high-pressure solenoid valve, a proportional valve, a pressure relief valve, a hydrogen circulation pump, a one-way valve and a tail exhaust valve;

[0015] The hydrogen tank and the nitrogen tank are connected to the high-pressure solenoid valve through a three-way valve. The high-pressure solenoid valve is sequentially connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell through a medium pressure sensor, a proportional valve, a flow meter, a pressure relief valve and a first temperature and pressure sensor to form a hydrogen supply pipeline;

[0016] The anode outlet of the fuel cell is sequentially connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell through a second temperature and pressure sensor, a water separator, a hydrogen circulation pump, a one-way valve and a first temperature and pressure sensor to form a hydrogen circulation pipeline. The water separator is also connected to the tail exhaust valve.

[0017] In one embodiment, the hydrogen pressure control subsystem includes a main control module, an operation module, a storage module, a multi-functional signal acquisition module, a PWM output module, a low-side drive module, a CAN communication module, and a power supply module for powering the entire hydrogen pressure control subsystem;

[0018] The first temperature and pressure sensor, the second temperature and pressure sensor, the medium-pressure sensor, the flowmeter, and the monomer battery voltage acquisition harness are all connected to the main control module through the multi-functional signal acquisition module;

[0019] The proportional valve is connected to the main control module through the PWM output module;

[0020] The three-way valve, the high-pressure solenoid valve, the pressure relief valve, and the tail exhaust valve are all connected to the main control module through the low-side drive module;

[0021] The hydrogen circulation pump and the upper computer are both connected to the main control module through the CAN communication module;

[0022] The operation module and the storage module are also connected to the main control module.

[0023] In one embodiment, the multi-functional signal acquisition module includes a multi-functional signal acquisition circuit, and the multi-functional signal acquisition circuit includes a multi-functional signal acquisition sub-circuit and an acquisition feedback circuit;

[0024] The signal acquisition sub-circuit includes a variable resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a first MOS transistor Q1, and a second MOS transistor Q2. The first end of the variable resistor R1, the first end of the resistor R2, the first end of the capacitor C1, and the first end of the resistor R3 are all connected to the main control module. The second end of the variable resistor R1 and the second end of the capacitor C1 are both grounded. The second end of the resistor R2 is grounded through the capacitor C2, and the second end of the resistor R2 is also connected to the acquisition feedback circuit. The second end of the resistor R3 is connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1. The source of the first MOS transistor Q1 is grounded. The gate of the first MOS transistor Q1 is grounded through the resistor R4, and the gate of the first MOS transistor Q1 is also connected to the acquisition feedback circuit. The second end of the resistor R3 is also connected to the first ends of the resistor R6, the resistor R7, and the drain of the second MOS transistor Q2 through the resistor R5. The second end of the resistor R6 is grounded. The second end of the resistor R7 is grounded through the capacitor C3, and the second end of the resistor R7 is also connected to the acquisition feedback circuit. The gate of the second MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the power supply through the resistor R8, and the gate of the second MOS transistor Q2 is also connected to the acquisition feedback circuit. The source of the second MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the power supply;

[0025] The acquisition feedback circuit includes a first encoder chip U1, a second encoder chip U2, a first shift register chip U3, a second shift register chip U4, a capacitor C4, and a capacitor R5. The first pin, the second pin, and the third pin of the first encoder chip U1 are all connected to the output end of the main control module. The fourth pin of the first encoder chip U1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R2 of the signal acquisition sub-circuit. The fifth pin of the first encoder chip U1 is connected to the input end of the main control module. The first pin, the second pin, and the third pin of the second encoder chip U2 are all connected to the output end of the main control module. The fourth pin of the second encoder chip U2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R7 of the signal acquisition sub-circuit. The fifth pin of the second encoder chip U2 is connected to the input end of the main control module. The first pin, the second pin, the third pin, and the fourth pin of the first shift register chip U3 are all connected to the output pins of the main control module. The fifth pin of the first shift register chip U3 is connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor. The sixth pin of the first shift register chip U3 is connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor. The seventh pin of the first shift register chip U3 is connected to the first pin of the second shift register chip U4. The second pin, the third pin, and the fourth pin of the second shift register chip U4 are all connected to the output pins of the main control module. The fifth pin of the second shift register chip U4 is connected to the input end of the main control module.

[0026] In one embodiment, the PWM output module includes a PWM output circuit, and the PWM output circuit includes a PWM output sub-circuit and an overcurrent protection circuit;

[0027] The PWM output sub-circuit includes a MOS transistor chip U5, a freewheeling diode D1, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a variable resistor R11, a resistor R12, and a capacitor C6. The gate pin of the MOS transistor chip U5 is respectively connected to the output end of the main control module and the first end of the resistor R10 through the series-connected resistor R9. The second end of the resistor R10 is grounded. The drain of the MOS transistor chip U5 is connected to the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D1. The negative electrode of the freewheeling diode D1 is connected to the power supply. The drain of the MOS transistor chip U5 is grounded through the parallel-connected variable resistor R11 and capacitor C6. The drain of the MOS transistor chip U5 is connected to the input pin of the main control module. The source of the MOS transistor chip U5 is grounded through the resistor R12. The source of the MOS transistor chip U5 is connected to the overcurrent protection circuit;

[0028] The overcurrent protection circuit includes a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a zener diode D2, and an amplifier U6. The first end of the resistor R13 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor chip U5. The second end of the resistor R13 is grounded through the capacitor C7, and is connected to the positive input terminal of the amplifier U6, and is also connected to the positive electrode of the zener diode D2. The negative electrode of the zener diode D2 is connected to the power supply. The inverting input terminal of the amplifier U6 is connected to the first end of the resistor R15 through the resistor R14. The second end of the resistor R15 is grounded. The inverting input terminal of the amplifier U6 is connected to the first end of the resistor R16 through the capacitor C9. The second end of the resistor R16 is connected to the first end of the resistor R15. The capacitor C10 is connected in parallel across the two ends of the resistor R15. The output terminal of the amplifier U6 is connected to the first end of the resistor R16.

[0029] In one embodiment, the low-side drive module includes a low-side drive circuit, and the low-side drive circuit includes a low-voltage drive chip U7, a resistor R17, a resistor R18, a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, a resistor R22, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a resistor R25, a resistor R26, a resistor R27, a resistor R28, a resistor R29, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C14, a capacitor C15, a capacitor C16, a first diode D3, and a second diode D4;

[0030] The first pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the output end of the main control module through the resistor R17, the resistor R17 is grounded through the resistor R19, the second pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the output end of the main control module through the resistor R18, the resistor R18 is grounded through the resistor R20, the third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the positive electrode of the first diode D3, the negative electrode of the first diode D3 is connected to the power supply, the third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the first end of the resistor R22 through the resistor R21, the first end of the resistor R22 is grounded through the capacitor C11, the second end of the resistor R22 is connected to the power supply, the second end of the resistor R22 is grounded through the capacitor C12, the third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is grounded through the parallel-connected capacitor C13 and resistor R23, the third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is grounded through the series-connected resistors R24 and R25, a connection is made between the resistors R24 and R25 to the input end of the main control module, a connection between the resistors R24 and R25 is grounded through the capacitor C14, the third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the power supply module, the fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode D4, the negative electrode of the second diode D4 is connected to the power supply, the fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the first end of the resistor R22 through the resistor R2, the fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is grounded through the parallel-connected capacitor C15 and resistor R27, the fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is grounded through the series-connected resistors R28 and R29, a connection is made between the resistors R28 and R29 to the input end of the main control module, a connection between the resistors R28 and R29 is grounded through the capacitor C16, the fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the power supply module, and the opening or closing of the three-way valve, high-pressure solenoid valve, pressure relief valve, and tail exhaust valve is controlled through the power supply module.

[0031] In one of the embodiments, the CAN communication module includes a CAN communication circuit, and the CAN communication circuit includes a CAN bus driver chip U8, a common-mode inductor L1, an electrostatic protection triode chip U9, a first transient diode D5, a second transient diode D6, resistors R30, R31, R32, R33, R34, capacitors C17, C18, C19, and C20;

[0032] The first pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the output end of the main control module. The second pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the output end of the main control module. The third pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is grounded. The fourth pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the power supply. A capacitor R17 is connected between the third pin and the fourth pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8. The fifth pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is grounded through a resistor R30. The sixth pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the first end of a common mode inductor L1 through a resistor R31. The seventh pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the second end of the common mode inductor L1 through a resistor R32. The third end of the common mode inductor L1 is grounded through a capacitor C18. The fourth end of the common mode inductor L1 is grounded through a capacitor C19. The third end of the common mode inductor L1 is connected to the first pin of an electrostatic protection triode chip U9. The fourth end of the common mode inductor L1 is connected to the second pin of the electrostatic protection triode chip U9. The third pin of the electrostatic protection triode chip U9 is grounded. The third end of the common mode inductor L1 is connected to the first end of a first transient diode D5. The second end of the first transient diode D5 is grounded. The fourth end of the common mode inductor L1 is connected to the first end of a second transient diode D6. The second end of the second transient diode D6 is grounded. The third end of the common mode inductor L1 is connected to the first end of a capacitor C20 through a resistor R33. The fourth end of the common mode inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C20 through a resistor R34. The second end of the capacitor C20 is grounded.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling the hydrogen pressure at the anode of a fuel cell, including:

[0034] The multifunctional signal acquisition module collects the voltages of each battery cell in the fuel cell through a single-cell battery voltage acquisition harness, and transmits the collected voltage data to the operation module;

[0035] The transportation module calculates the discrete coefficient based on the received voltage data, and transmits the calculated discrete coefficient to the main control module;

[0036] The main control module determines whether to open the tail exhaust valve based on the received discrete coefficient, and determines the opening and closing cycles of the tail exhaust valve;

[0037] If so, the opening degree of the proportional valve is compensated within a first preset time before the tail exhaust valve is opened or closed, and the rotational speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is compensated within a second preset time before the tail exhaust valve is opened, so as to complete the compensation of the hydrogen intake pressure in the anode of the fuel cell.

[0038] In one embodiment, before the operation module calculates the discrete coefficient, the operation module eliminates the abnormal voltage data in the received voltage data.

[0039] In one embodiment, the main control module automatically calibrates the opening compensation parameter of the proportional valve and the rotational speed compensation parameter of the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention can achieve hydrogen supply by only setting one hydrogen supply pipeline and one hydrogen circulation pipeline, with a relatively simple structure, and the excess hydrogen in the anode of the fuel cell can be recycled. In addition, the present invention also collects the voltages of each battery cell in the fuel cell through a monomer battery voltage acquisition harness, calculates the discrete coefficient based on the collected voltage data, determines whether to perform hydrogen inlet pressure compensation according to the calculated discrete coefficient, and automatically sets the opening compensation parameter of the proportional valve and the rotational speed compensation parameter of the hydrogen circulation pump to complete the compensation of the hydrogen inlet pressure in the anode of the fuel cell, which can effectively reduce the pressure fluctuation of hydrogen in the anode of the fuel cell, improve the system stability, and extend the service life of the fuel cell. At the same time, the present invention determines whether to open the tail exhaust valve and the cycle for opening or closing the tail exhaust valve through the discrete coefficient, realizes the reasonable opening or closing of the tail exhaust valve, avoids unnecessary losses to the system caused by frequent opening or delayed opening of the tail exhaust valve, and the present invention can also automatically calibrate the opening compensation parameter of the proportional valve and the rotational speed compensation parameter of the hydrogen circulation pump in a self-learning manner, eliminating the complex calibration process and saving manpower and material resources.

[0041] In addition, the design principle of the present invention is reliable, the structure is simple, and it has a very wide application prospect.

[0042] Thus, compared with the prior art, the present invention has outstanding substantial features and significant progress, and the beneficial effects of its implementation are also obvious. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen pressure control system for the anode of a fuel cell.

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic relationship diagram of a hydrogen pressure control system for the anode of a fuel cell.

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a multifunctional signal acquisition sub-circuit.

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of an acquisition feedback circuit.

[0047] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a PWM output sub-circuit.

[0048] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of an overcurrent protection circuit.

[0049] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a low-side drive circuit.

[0050] Figure 8 It is the schematic diagram of the CAN communication circuit.

[0051] Figure 9 It is the schematic flow chart of the method for controlling the hydrogen pressure at the anode of the fuel cell.

[0052] Figure 10 It is the schematic diagram of the opening degree of the proportional valve and the pressure fluctuation of the anode hydrogen when the tail exhaust valve is opened and closed without compensation.

[0053] Figure 11 It is the schematic diagram of the opening degree of the proportional valve and the pressure fluctuation of the anode hydrogen when the tail exhaust valve of the present invention is opened and closed.

[0054] 1 is the anode hydrogen supply subsystem of the fuel cell, 11 is the hydrogen gas tank, 12 is the nitrogen gas tank, 13 is the water separator, 141 is the medium-pressure sensor, 142 is the flow meter, 143 is the first temperature and pressure sensor, 144 is the second temperature and pressure sensor, 151 is the three-way valve, 152 is the high-pressure solenoid valve, 153 is the proportional valve, 154 is the pressure relief valve, 155 is the hydrogen circulation pump, 156 is the one-way valve, 157 is the tail exhaust valve, 2 is the fuel cell, 3 is the monomer battery voltage acquisition harness, 4 is the hydrogen pressure control subsystem, and 5 is the upper computer. Specific embodiments

[0055] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments. The following embodiments are explanations of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0056] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the present invention provides a fuel cell anode hydrogen pressure control system, including a fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem 1, a fuel cell 2, a monomer battery voltage acquisition harness 3, a hydrogen pressure control subsystem 4, and an upper computer 5. One end of the fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem 1 is connected to the fuel cell 2, and the other end of the fuel cell 2 is connected to the hydrogen pressure control subsystem 4 through the monomer battery voltage acquisition harness 3, and the hydrogen pressure control subsystem 4 is connected to the upper computer 5.

[0057] Among them, the fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem 1 includes a detection component, an execution component, a hydrogen gas tank 11, a nitrogen gas tank 12, and a water separator 13. The detection component is connected to the input end of the hydrogen pressure control subsystem 4, and the execution component is connected to the output end of the hydrogen pressure control subsystem 4. The hydrogen pressure control subsystem 4 calculates the discrete coefficient according to the voltage data of each monomer in the fuel cell 2 obtained through the monomer battery voltage acquisition harness 3, and controls the operation of each component in the execution component according to the calculated discrete coefficient.

[0058] Specifically, the detection component includes a medium-pressure sensor 141, a flow meter 142, a first temperature and pressure sensor 143, and a second temperature and pressure sensor 144, and the execution component includes a three-way valve 151, a high-pressure solenoid valve 152, a proportional valve 153, a pressure relief valve 154, a hydrogen circulation pump 155, a check valve 156, and a tail exhaust valve 157; the hydrogen tank 11 and the nitrogen tank 12 are connected to the high-pressure solenoid valve 152 through the three-way valve 151, and the high-pressure solenoid valve 152 is sequentially connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell 2 through the medium-pressure sensor 141, the proportional valve 153, the flow meter 142, the pressure relief valve 154, and the first temperature and pressure sensor 143 to form a hydrogen supply pipeline; the anode outlet of the fuel cell 2 is sequentially connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell 2 through the second temperature and pressure sensor 144, the water separator 13, the hydrogen circulation pump 155, the check valve 156, and the first temperature and pressure sensor 143 to form a hydrogen circulation pipeline, and the water separator 13 is also connected to the tail exhaust valve 157.

[0059] The hydrogen pressure control subsystem 4 includes a main control module, an operation module, a storage module, a multi-functional signal acquisition module, a PWM output module, a low-side drive module, a CAN communication module, and a power supply module for supplying power to the entire hydrogen pressure control subsystem; and the single-cell battery voltage acquisition harness and the first temperature and pressure sensor, the second temperature and pressure sensor, the medium-pressure sensor, and the flow meter in the fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem are all connected to the main control module through the multi-functional signal acquisition module; the proportional valve in the fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem is connected to the main control module through the PWM output module; the three-way valve, the high-pressure solenoid valve, the pressure relief valve, and the tail exhaust valve in the fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem are all connected to the main control module through the low-side drive module; the host computer and the hydrogen circulation pump in the fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem are all connected to the main control module through the CAN communication module; the operation module and the storage module are also connected to the main control module.

[0060] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the multi-functional signal acquisition module includes a multi-functional signal acquisition circuit, and the multi-functional signal acquisition circuit includes a multi-functional signal acquisition sub-circuit and an acquisition feedback circuit.

[0061] The signal acquisition sub-circuit includes a variable resistor R1, resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, capacitors C1, C2, C3, a first MOS transistor Q1, and a second MOS transistor Q2. The first ends of the variable resistor R1, resistor R2, capacitor C1, and resistor R3 are all connected to the main control module. The second end of the variable resistor R1 and the second end of the capacitor C1 are both grounded. The second end of the resistor R2 is grounded through the capacitor C2, and the second end of the resistor R2 is also connected to the acquisition feedback circuit. The second end of the resistor R3 is connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1. The source of the first MOS transistor Q1 is grounded. The gate of the first MOS transistor Q1 is grounded through the resistor R4, and the gate of the first MOS transistor Q1 is also connected to the acquisition feedback circuit. The second end of the resistor R3 is also connected to the first ends of the resistor R6, resistor R7, and the drain of the second MOS transistor Q2 through the resistor R5. The second end of the resistor R6 is grounded. The second end of the resistor R7 is grounded through the capacitor C3, and the second end of the resistor R7 is also connected to the acquisition feedback circuit. The gate of the second MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the power supply through the resistor R8, and the gate of the second MOS transistor Q2 is also connected to the acquisition feedback circuit. The source of the second MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the power supply. Wherein, when the first MOS transistor Q1 is turned on, the signal acquisition sub-circuit is used to acquire current signals. When the second MOS transistor Q2 is turned on, the signal acquisition sub-circuit is used to acquire temperature signals. When the first MOS transistor Q1 is not turned on and the second MOS transistor Q2 is not turned on, the signal acquisition sub-circuit is used to acquire voltage signals.

[0062] The acquisition feedback circuit includes a first encoder chip U1, a second encoder chip U2, a first shift register chip U3, a second shift register chip U4, a capacitor C4 and a capacitor R5. The first pin, the second pin and the third pin of the first encoder chip U1 are all connected to the output end of the main control module. The fourth pin of the first encoder chip U1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R2 of the signal acquisition sub-circuit. The fifth pin of the first encoder chip U1 is connected to the input end of the main control module. The first pin, the second pin and the third pin of the second encoder chip U2 are all connected to the output end of the main control module. The fourth pin of the second encoder chip U2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R7 of the signal acquisition sub-circuit. The fifth pin of the second encoder chip U2 is connected to the input end of the main control module. The first pin, the second pin, the third pin and the fourth pin of the first shift register chip U3 are all connected to the output pins of the main control module. The fifth pin of the first shift register chip U3 is connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor. The sixth pin of the first shift register chip U3 is connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor. The seventh pin of the first shift register chip U3 is connected to the first pin of the second shift register chip U4. The second pin, the third pin and the fourth pin of the second shift register chip U4 are all connected to the output pins of the main control module. The fifth pin of the second shift register chip U4 is connected to the input end of the main control module.

[0063] Among them, the first encoder chip U1 and the second encoder chip U2 adopt encoder chips of the model MC74HC4851ADTR2, and the first shift register chip U3 and the second shift register chip U4 adopt shift register chips of the model 74HC4094.

[0064] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the PWM output module includes a PWM output circuit, and the PWM output circuit includes a PWM output sub-circuit and an overcurrent protection circuit.

[0065] The PWM output sub-circuit includes a MOS transistor chip U5, a freewheeling diode D1, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a variable resistor R11, a resistor R12 and a capacitor C6. The gate pin of the MOS transistor chip U5 is respectively connected to the output end of the main control module and the first end of the resistor R10 through the series-connected resistor R9. The second end of the resistor R10 is grounded. The drain of the MOS transistor chip U5 is connected to the positive pole of the freewheeling diode D1. The negative pole of the freewheeling diode D1 is connected to the power supply. The drain of the MOS transistor chip U5 is grounded through the parallel-connected variable resistor R11 and capacitor C6. The drain of the MOS transistor chip U5 is connected to the input pin of the main control module. The source of the MOS transistor chip U5 is grounded through the resistor R12. The source of the MOS transistor chip U5 is connected to the overcurrent protection circuit.

[0066] The overcurrent protection circuit includes resistor R13, resistor R14, resistor R15, resistor R16, capacitor C7, capacitor C8, capacitor C9, capacitor C10, zener diode D2, and amplifier U6. The first end of resistor R13 is connected to the source of MOS transistor chip U5. The second end of resistor R13 is grounded through capacitor C7, and is also connected to the positive input terminal of amplifier U6, and is connected to the anode of zener diode D2. The cathode of zener diode D2 is connected to the power supply. The inverting input terminal of amplifier U6 is connected to the first end of resistor R15 through resistor R14, and the second end of resistor R15 is grounded. The inverting input terminal of amplifier U6 is connected to the first end of resistor R16 through capacitor C9, and the second end of resistor R16 is connected to the first end of resistor R15. Capacitor C10 is connected in parallel across resistor R15. The output terminal of amplifier U6 is connected to the first end of resistor R16.

[0067] Such as Figure 7As shown, the low-side drive module includes a low-side drive circuit, which includes a low-voltage drive chip U7, resistors R17, R18, R19, R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28, R29, capacitors C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, a first diode D3, and a second diode D4. The first pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the output terminal of the main control module through the resistor R17, and the resistor R17 is grounded through the resistor R19. The second pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the output terminal of the main control module through the resistor R18, and the resistor R18 is grounded through the resistor R20. The third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the positive electrode of the first diode D3, and the negative electrode of the first diode D3 is connected to the power supply. The third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the first end of the resistor R22 through the resistor R21. The first end of the resistor R22 is grounded through the capacitor C11, the second end of the resistor R22 is connected to the power supply, and the second end of the resistor R22 is grounded through the capacitor C12. The third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is grounded through the parallel-connected capacitor C13 and resistor R23. The third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is grounded through the series-connected resistors R24 and R25. A connection is made between the resistors R24 and R25 to the input terminal of the main control module, and a connection between the resistors R24 and R25 is grounded through the capacitor C14. The third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the power supply module. The fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode D4, and the negative electrode of the second diode D4 is connected to the power supply. The fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the first end of the resistor R22 through the resistor R2. The fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is grounded through the parallel-connected capacitor C15 and resistor R27. The fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is grounded through the series-connected resistors R28 and R29. A connection is made between the resistors R28 and R29 to the input terminal of the main control module, and a connection between the resistors R28 and R29 is grounded through the capacitor C16. The fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the power supply module. The opening or closing of the three-way valve, high-pressure solenoid valve, pressure relief valve, and tail exhaust valve is controlled through the power supply module.

[0068] As Figure 8As shown in the figure, the CAN communication module includes a CAN communication circuit, which consists of a CAN bus driver chip U8, a common-mode inductor L1, an electrostatic protection triode chip U9, a first transient diode D5, a second transient diode D6, resistors R30, R31, R32, R33, R34, capacitors C17, C18, C19 and C20. The first pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the output terminal of the main control module, the second pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the output terminal of the main control module, the third pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is grounded, the fourth pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the power supply, and a capacitor R17 is connected between the third pin and the fourth pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8. The fifth pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is grounded through the resistor R30, the sixth pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the first end of the common-mode inductor L1 through the resistor R31, the seventh pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the second end of the common-mode inductor L1 through the resistor R32. The third end of the common-mode inductor L1 is grounded through the capacitor C18, the fourth end of the common-mode inductor L1 is grounded through the capacitor C19, the third end of the common-mode inductor L1 is connected to the first pin of the electrostatic protection triode chip U9, the fourth end of the common-mode inductor L1 is connected to the second pin of the electrostatic protection triode chip U9, the third pin of the electrostatic protection triode chip U9 is grounded. The third end of the common-mode inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the first transient diode D5, the second end of the first transient diode D5 is grounded, the fourth end of the common-mode inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the second transient diode D6, the second end of the second transient diode D6 is grounded. The third end of the common-mode inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C20 through the resistor R33, the fourth end of the common-mode inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C20 through the resistor R34, and the second end of the capacitor C20 is grounded.

[0069] Among them, the detection component detects the operating state of the fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem and uploads the detected operating data of the fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem to the hydrogen pressure control subsystem. The hydrogen pressure control subsystem uploads the operating data of the fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem and the automatically calibrated compensation parameters to the host computer. The host computer stores the received data and detects the operating state of the system in real time. The host computer can also playback the recorded operating data and calibrated compensation parameters, and can also download the initial parameters of the system operation to the hydrogen pressure control subsystem. In addition, a manual setting module for manually setting the system operation parameters is also set on the host computer, which can perform real-time online calibration on the opening and closing cycle of the tail gas valve, the opening compensation parameter of the proportional valve, and the speed compensation parameter of the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0070] As Figure 9As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a method for controlling the hydrogen pressure at the anode of a fuel cell, including:

[0071] S1. The multifunctional signal acquisition module collects the voltages of each battery cell in the fuel cell through the single-cell voltage acquisition wire harness, and transmits the collected voltage data to the operation module;

[0072] S2. The transportation module calculates the discrete coefficient according to the received voltage data, and transmits the calculated discrete coefficient to the main control module;

[0073] S3. The main control module determines whether to open the tail exhaust valve according to the received discrete coefficient, and determines the opening and closing cycles of the tail exhaust valve;

[0074] S4. If so, compensate the opening of the proportional valve within the first preset time before the tail exhaust valve opens or closes, and compensate the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump within the second preset time before the tail exhaust valve opens, so as to complete the compensation of the hydrogen inlet pressure in the anode of the fuel cell.

[0075] Specifically, before the operation module calculates the discrete coefficient, the operation module eliminates the abnormal voltage data in the received voltage data to improve the control accuracy; determines the operating state of the fuel cell and the internal water accumulation condition of the fuel cell through the discrete coefficient, so as to automatically determine the opening and closing cycles of the tail exhaust valve, and compensate the opening of the proportional valve within the first preset time before the tail exhaust valve opens or closes, and compensate the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump within the second preset time before the tail exhaust valve opens. Moreover, the main control module can automatically calibrate the opening compensation parameters of the proportional valve and the speed compensation parameters of the hydrogen circulation pump in a self-learning manner, eliminating the complex calibration process and saving manpower and material resources.

[0076] When there is no compensation, the opening of the proportional valve and the pressure fluctuation of the anode hydrogen when the tail exhaust valve opens and closes are as Figure 10As shown, it can be seen that before the tail exhaust valve is opened, the hydrogen inlet pressure fluctuates slightly near the hydrogen target pressure P2. At time T1, the tail exhaust valve opens, and the hydrogen inlet pressure drops instantaneously. The system starts to adjust the opening of the proportional valve only after detecting the decrease in hydrogen pressure. At time T2, both the hydrogen inlet pressure and the opening of the proportional valve reach a stable state. During the adjustment process of the hydrogen inlet pressure in the time period from T1 to T2, the hydrogen inlet pressure reaches a minimum of P1, and the maximum difference between the hydrogen inlet pressure and the hydrogen target pressure is P2 minus P1. After the tail exhaust valve is closed, the fluctuation of the hydrogen pressure in the time period from T3 to T4 is similar to that when the tail exhaust valve is opened. During this process, the hydrogen inlet pressure reaches a maximum of P3, and the maximum difference between the hydrogen inlet pressure and the hydrogen target pressure is P3 minus P2. The total fluctuation of the hydrogen pressure at the instant when the tail exhaust valve is opened and closed is P3 minus P1. The hysteresis of the PID feedback control and the overshoot of the PID control will cause a relatively large fluctuation of the hydrogen pressure. And the optimization of the three control parameters P, I, and D of the PID control cannot effectively reduce the fluctuation of the hydrogen inlet pressure fundamentally.

[0077] The opening of the proportional valve and the pressure fluctuation of the anode hydrogen when the tail exhaust valve of the present invention is opened and closed are as Figure 11 shown. It can be seen that in the time period from T6 to T1 before the tail exhaust valve is opened, the hydrogen inlet pressure is gradually increased to the hydrogen target pressure P5. The maximum difference between the hydrogen inlet pressure and the hydrogen target pressure in this time period is P5 minus P2; in the time period from T1 to T7 when the tail exhaust valve is opened, the opening of the proportional valve is gradually increased to O3. The maximum difference between the hydrogen inlet pressure and the hydrogen target pressure in this time period is P5 minus P2 or P2 minus P4; the maximum fluctuation of the hydrogen pressure in the time period from T6 to T7 is P5 minus P4. In the time period from T8 to T3 before the tail exhaust valve is closed, the hydrogen inlet pressure is gradually decreased to the hydrogen target pressure P4. The maximum difference between the hydrogen inlet pressure and the hydrogen target pressure in this time period is P2 minus P4; in the time period from T3 to T9 when the tail exhaust valve is closed, the opening of the proportional valve is gradually decreased to O2. The maximum difference between the hydrogen inlet pressure and the hydrogen target pressure in this time period is P2 minus P4 or P5 minus P2; the maximum fluctuation of the hydrogen pressure in the time period from T8 to T9 is P5 to P4. That is, the present invention completes the compensation of the hydrogen inlet pressure in the fuel cell anode by automatically setting the opening compensation parameter of the proportional valve and the speed compensation parameter of the hydrogen circulation pump, can effectively reduce the pressure fluctuation of the hydrogen in the fuel cell anode, improve the system stability, and extend the service life of the fuel cell.

[0078] The above-disclosed is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Any non-creative changes that can be thought of by those skilled in the art, as well as several improvements and refinements made without departing from the principle of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen pressure control system for a fuel cell anode, characterized in that, It includes a fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem, a fuel cell, a single cell voltage acquisition harness, a hydrogen intake pressure control subsystem, and a host computer. The fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem is connected to one end of the fuel cell, and the other end of the fuel cell is connected to the hydrogen intake pressure control subsystem through the single cell voltage acquisition harness. The hydrogen intake pressure control subsystem is connected to the host computer; The fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem includes a detection component and an execution component. The detection component is connected to the input end of the hydrogen intake pressure control subsystem, and the execution component is connected to the output end of the hydrogen intake pressure control subsystem. The hydrogen intake pressure control subsystem calculates the discrete coefficient based on the voltage data of each single cell in the fuel cell obtained by the single cell voltage acquisition harness, and controls the operation of each component in the execution component according to the calculated discrete coefficient; The hydrogen intake pressure control subsystem includes a main control module and a multi-functional signal acquisition module; The multi-functional signal acquisition module includes a multi-functional signal acquisition circuit, and the multi-functional signal acquisition circuit includes a multi-functional signal acquisition sub-circuit and an acquisition feedback circuit; The signal acquisition sub-circuit includes a variable resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a first MOS transistor Q1, and a second MOS transistor Q2. The first ends of the variable resistor R1, the resistor R2, the capacitor C1, and the resistor R3 are all connected to the main control module. The second end of the variable resistor R1 and the second end of the capacitor C1 are both grounded. The second end of the resistor R2 is grounded through the capacitor C2, and the second end of the resistor R2 is also connected to the acquisition feedback circuit. The second end of the resistor R3 is connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1. The source of the first MOS transistor Q1 is grounded. The gate of the first MOS transistor Q1 is grounded through the resistor R4, and the gate of the first MOS transistor Q1 is also connected to the acquisition feedback circuit. The second end of the resistor R3 is also connected to the first ends of the resistor R6, the resistor R7, and the drain of the second MOS transistor Q2 through the resistor R5. The second end of the resistor R6 is grounded. The second end of the resistor R7 is grounded through the capacitor C3, and the second end of the resistor R7 is also connected to the acquisition feedback circuit. The gate of the second MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the power supply through the resistor R8, and the gate of the second MOS transistor Q2 is also connected to the acquisition feedback circuit. The source of the second MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the power supply; The acquisition feedback circuit includes a first encoder chip U1, a second encoder chip U2, a first shift register chip U3, a second shift register chip U4, a capacitor C4 and a capacitor R5. The first pin, the second pin and the third pin of the first encoder chip U1 are all connected to the output end of the main control module. The fourth pin of the first encoder chip U1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R2 of the signal acquisition sub-circuit. The fifth pin of the first encoder chip U1 is connected to the input end of the main control module. The first pin, the second pin and the third pin of the second encoder chip U2 are all connected to the output end of the main control module. The fourth pin of the second encoder chip U2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R7 of the signal acquisition sub-circuit. The fifth pin of the second encoder chip U2 is connected to the input end of the main control module. The first pin, the second pin, the third pin and the fourth pin of the first shift register chip U3 are all connected to the output pins of the main control module. The fifth pin of the first shift register chip U3 is connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor. The sixth pin of the first shift register chip U3 is connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor. The seventh pin of the first shift register chip U3 is connected to the first pin of the second shift register chip U4. The second pin, the third pin and the fourth pin of the second shift register chip U4 are all connected to the output pins of the main control module. The fifth pin of the second shift register chip U4 is connected to the input end of the main control module.

2. The hydrogen pressure control system for the anode of a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein The fuel cell anode hydrogen supply subsystem further includes a hydrogen gas tank, a nitrogen gas tank and a water separator. The detection component includes a medium-pressure sensor, a flow meter, a first temperature and pressure sensor and a second temperature and pressure sensor. The execution component includes a three-way valve, a high-pressure solenoid valve, a proportional valve, a pressure relief valve, a hydrogen circulation pump, a check valve and a tail exhaust valve; The hydrogen gas tank and the nitrogen gas tank are connected to the high-pressure solenoid valve through a three-way valve. The high-pressure solenoid valve is sequentially connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell through a medium-pressure sensor, a proportional valve, a flow meter, a pressure relief valve and a first temperature and pressure sensor to form a hydrogen supply pipeline; The anode outlet of the fuel cell is sequentially connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell through a second temperature and pressure sensor, a water separator, a hydrogen circulation pump, a check valve and a first temperature and pressure sensor to form a hydrogen circulation pipeline. The water separator is also connected to the tail exhaust valve.

3. The hydrogen pressure control system for the anode of a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein The hydrogen intake pressure control subsystem further includes an operation module, a storage module, a PWM output module, a low-side drive module, a CAN communication module and a power supply module for supplying power to the entire hydrogen intake pressure control subsystem; The first temperature and pressure sensor, the second temperature and pressure sensor, the medium-pressure sensor, the flow meter and the monomer battery voltage acquisition harness are all connected to the main control module through a multi-functional signal acquisition module; The proportional valve is connected to the main control module through the PWM output module; The three-way valve, the high-pressure solenoid valve, the pressure relief valve and the tail exhaust valve are all connected to the main control module through the low-side drive module; The hydrogen circulation pump and the upper computer are both connected to the main control module through the CAN communication module; The operation module and the storage module are also connected to the main control module.

4. The hydrogen pressure control system for the anode of a fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The PWM output module includes a PWM output circuit, and the PWM output circuit includes a PWM output sub-circuit and an overcurrent protection circuit; The PWM output sub - circuit includes MOS transistor chip U5, free - wheeling diode D1, resistor R9, resistor R10, variable resistor R11, resistor R12 and capacitor C6. The gate pin of MOS transistor chip U5 is connected to the output terminal of the main control module and the first end of resistor R10 respectively through series - connected resistor R9. The second end of resistor R10 is grounded. The drain of MOS transistor chip U5 is connected to the positive pole of free - wheeling diode D1. The negative pole of free - wheeling diode D1 is connected to the power supply. The drain of MOS transistor chip U5 is grounded through parallel - connected variable resistor R11 and capacitor C6. The drain of MOS transistor chip U5 is connected to the input pin of the main control module. The source of MOS transistor chip U5 is grounded through resistor R12. The source of MOS transistor chip U5 is connected to the over - current protection circuit; The over - current protection circuit includes resistor R13, resistor R14, resistor R15, resistor R16, capacitor C7, capacitor C8, capacitor C9, capacitor C10, zener diode D2, amplifier U6. The first end of resistor R13 is connected to the source of MOS transistor chip U5. The second end of resistor R13 is grounded through capacitor C7. The second end of resistor R13 is connected to the non - inverting input terminal of amplifier U6. The second end of resistor R13 is connected to the positive pole of zener diode D2. The negative pole of zener diode D2 is connected to the power supply. The inverting input terminal of amplifier U6 is connected to the first end of resistor R15 through resistor R14. The second end of resistor R15 is grounded. The inverting input terminal of amplifier U6 is connected to the first end of resistor R16 through capacitor C9. The second end of resistor R16 is connected to the first end of resistor R15. Capacitor C10 is connected in parallel across resistor R15. The output terminal of amplifier U6 is connected to the first end of resistor R16.

5. A fuel cell anode hydrogen pressure control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The low - side drive module includes a low - side drive circuit. The low - side drive circuit includes low - voltage drive chip U7, resistor R17, resistor R18, resistor R19, resistor R20, resistor R21, resistor R22, resistor R23, resistor R24, resistor R25, resistor R26, resistor R27, resistor R28, resistor R29, capacitor C11, capacitor C12, capacitor C13, capacitor C14, capacitor C15, capacitor C16, first diode D3 and second diode D4; The first pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the output end of the main control module through the resistor R17. The resistor R17 is grounded through the resistor R19. The second pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the output end of the main control module through the resistor R18. The resistor R18 is grounded through the resistor R20. The third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the positive pole of the first diode D3. The negative pole of the first diode D3 is connected to the power supply. The third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the first end of the resistor R22 through the resistor R21. The first end of the resistor R22 is grounded through the capacitor C11. The second end of the resistor R22 is connected to the power supply. The second end of the resistor R22 is grounded through the capacitor C12. The third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is grounded through the parallel-connected capacitor C13 and resistor R23. The third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is grounded through the series-connected resistors R24 and R25. A connection is made between the resistors R24 and R25 to the input end of the main control module. A connection is made between the resistors R24 and R25 to ground through the capacitor C14. The third pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the power supply module. The fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the positive pole of the second diode D4. The negative pole of the second diode D4 is connected to the power supply. The fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the first end of the resistor R22 through the resistor R2. The fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is grounded through the parallel-connected capacitor C15 and resistor R27. The fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is grounded through the series-connected resistors R28 and R29. A connection is made between the resistors R28 and R29 to the input end of the main control module. A connection is made between the resistors R28 and R29 to ground through the capacitor C16. The fourth pin of the low-voltage drive chip U7 is connected to the power supply module. The opening or closing of the three-way valve, high-pressure solenoid valve, pressure relief valve, and tail exhaust valve is controlled through the power supply module.

6. The hydrogen pressure control system for the anode of a fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein The CAN communication module includes a CAN communication circuit. The CAN communication circuit includes a CAN bus driver chip U8, a common-mode inductor L1, an electrostatic protection triode chip U9, a first transient diode D5, a second transient diode D6, resistors R30, R31, R32, R33, R34, capacitors C17, C18, C19, and C20; The first pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the output end of the main control module, the second pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the output end of the main control module, the third pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is grounded, the fourth pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the power supply, a capacitor R17 is connected between the third pin and the fourth pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8, the fifth pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is grounded through a resistor R30, the sixth pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the first end of a common mode inductor L1 through a resistor R31, the seventh pin of the CAN bus driver chip U8 is connected to the second end of the common mode inductor L1 through a resistor R32, the third end of the common mode inductor L1 is grounded through a capacitor C18, the fourth end of the common mode inductor L1 is grounded through a capacitor C19, the third end of the common mode inductor L1 is connected to the first pin of an electrostatic protection triode chip U9, the fourth end of the common mode inductor L1 is connected to the second pin of the electrostatic protection triode chip U9, the third pin of the electrostatic protection triode chip U9 is grounded, the third end of the common mode inductor L1 is connected to the first end of a first transient diode D5, the second end of the first transient diode D5 is grounded, the fourth end of the common mode inductor L1 is connected to the first end of a second transient diode D6, the second end of the second transient diode D6 is grounded, the third end of the common mode inductor L1 is connected to the first end of a capacitor C20 through a resistor R33, the fourth end of the common mode inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C20 through a resistor R34, and the second end of the capacitor C20 is grounded.

7. A method for controlling the hydrogen pressure at the anode of a fuel cell, characterized in that, Including: The multi-functional signal acquisition module collects the voltages of each battery cell in the fuel cell through a single battery cell voltage acquisition harness and transmits the collected voltage data to the operation module; The transportation module calculates the discrete coefficient according to the received voltage data and transmits the calculated discrete coefficient to the main control module; The main control module determines whether to open the tail exhaust valve according to the received discrete coefficient and determines the opening and closing cycles of the tail exhaust valve; If so, the opening degree of the proportional valve is compensated within a first preset time before the tail exhaust valve is opened or closed, and the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is compensated within a second preset time before the tail exhaust valve is opened, so as to complete the compensation of the hydrogen intake pressure in the anode of the fuel cell.

8. A method for controlling the hydrogen pressure at the anode of a fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, Before the operation module calculates the discrete coefficient, the operation module eliminates the abnormal voltage data in the received voltage data.

9. A method for controlling the hydrogen pressure at the anode of a fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main control module automatically calibrates the opening degree compensation parameter of the proportional valve and the rotation speed compensation parameter of the hydrogen circulation pump.

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