Shield machine emergency system and power distribution method based on battery power distribution

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shield machines, and in particular to an emergency system of a shield machine based on battery power distribution and a power distribution method. A power distribution system, a charging and discharging system, a battery system and a control system are provided. The power distribution system controls the connection relationship among the mains, emergency power equipment and the battery. The control system controls the charging and discharging system to realize a charging or discharging working mode by detecting the operation of the mains. According to different working modes, a PLC module is used to control the switching action of corresponding contactors and circuit breakers, so that the charging and discharging system enters a charging mode or a discharging mode. The problems of noise, vibration, environmental pollution and the like generated when a generator is used for emergency power supply are effectively solved. Moreover, the charging and discharging conversion is controlled by a PLC system. The power supply switching speed after a fault is much faster than the switching speed of a traditional relay. Therefore, the problem of a long delay time of generator switching when the mains is out of power is fundamentally solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield machines, and in particular to a shield machine emergency system and a power distribution method based on battery power distribution. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of the shield machine, the electrical power supply and distribution system is crucial, and all the action systems of the shield machine are controlled electrically. Due to the long excavation distance of the shield machine, the electrical equipment consumes a lot of power. Usually, in order to reduce power loss, the shield machine uses high voltage for transmission. However, due to the harsh construction environment, there will be power outages. During the working project of the shield machine, the lifting device, assembly device and safety protection device must still work normally in the case of power outage, and they also require a large amount of electricity.

[0003] Based on this demand, shield machines are usually equipped with emergency generator sets, such as the technical solution shown in Patent Document 1. When the high-voltage incoming line - the mains power is interrupted, the emergency generator set will work. Based on the on-site construction situation, the emergency generator generates electricity through diesel combustion, which is noisy and has an emission standard lower than the National III standard. In a closed tunnel, the pollution is relatively large, which has a great impact on the safety of operators and the environment. And due to the instability of the generator startup moment, there is usually a power-off delay of about 10 seconds from the moment of high-voltage power failure to the normal power transmission of the generator. This delay poses a great hidden danger to emergency safety.

[0004] Prior art literature.

[0005] Patent document 1 CN212811370U A shield machine system based on an emergency power supply device. Summary of the invention

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention proposes a technical solution, a shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution, including a power distribution system, a charging and discharging system, a battery system, a control system and emergency power equipment;

[0007] The power distribution system comprises a first branch, a second branch and a third branch, wherein the first ends of the first branch, the second branch and the third branch are connected, the second end of the first branch is connected to the mains, and a detection device is provided on the first branch, wherein the detection device is used to detect the power supply status of the mains and output a first signal or a second signal to the control system;

[0008] The emergency power equipment is connected to the second branch circuit;

[0009] The charging and discharging system and the battery system are connected to a third branch;

[0010] The charging and discharging system includes a first contactor KM1, a filter, a second contactor KM2, a charging pre-charging circuit, an energy storage bidirectional converter and a discharging pre-charging circuit, and a third contactor KM3. The third branch is connected in series with the first contactor KM1, the filter, and the energy storage bidirectional converter, and is connected in parallel with the second contactor KM2 and the charging pre-charging circuit. The discharging pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel with the third contactor KM3 and then connected in series to the branch between the energy storage bidirectional converter and the battery system.

[0011] The battery system includes a battery pack;

[0012] The control system includes a PLC module, a human-machine interface, a drive device, and a battery management system;

[0013] Wherein, the first signal is a normal mains power signal, and the second signal is an abnormal mains power signal;

[0014] When the PLC module receives the first signal, the emergency power equipment is connected to the mains through the second branch and the first branch, and the mains provides AC power. The PLC module closes the pre-charging circuit, and the mains pre-charges the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter through the pre-charging circuit. The energy storage bidirectional converter then converts the mains into DC power to charge the battery pack.

[0015] When the PLC module receives the second signal, the PLC module controls the first branch to disconnect and the discharge pre-charging loop to close. The emergency power equipment is connected to the battery pack through the second branch and the third branch. After the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter is pre-charged, the DC power of the battery pack is converted into AC power to power the emergency power equipment.

[0016] Preferably, a first circuit breaker QF1 is provided on the first branch, a second circuit breaker QF2 is provided on the second branch, and a third circuit breaker QF3 is provided on the third branch. The first circuit breaker QF1, the second circuit breaker QF2 and the third circuit breaker QF3 are configured to open or close in response to the control of the PLC module.

[0017] Preferably, the first end of the filter and energy storage bidirectional converter is provided with a first contactor KM1, and the second end is provided with a third contactor KM3. The charging pre-charging circuit is connected in series with the second contactor KM2, and the discharging pre-charging circuit is connected in series with the fourth contactor KM4. The first contactor KM1, the second contactor KM2, the third contactor KM3 and the fourth contactor KM4 are controlled by the PLC module, so that the energy storage bidirectional converter is in a charging pre-charging mode or a discharging pre-charging mode, and the charging and discharging system is in a charging mode or a discharging mode.

[0018] Preferably, in the pre-charging mode, the first contactor KM1 is disconnected, the second contactor KM2 is closed, and the third contactor KM3 is closed.

[0019] Preferably, the charging mode of the charging and discharging system includes charging mode a and charging mode b, and the control system further includes a battery management system, which is used to monitor the status information of the battery pack and the DC bus terminal voltage of the energy storage bidirectional converter;

[0020] In the charging mode a, the difference between the DC bus terminal voltage and the battery pack voltage is greater than 10V, the first circuit breaker QF1 is closed, the third circuit breaker QF3 is closed, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is disconnected, the third contactor KM3 is disconnected, and the fourth contactor KM4 is closed;

[0021] In the charging mode b, the difference between the DC bus terminal voltage and the battery pack voltage is less than 10V, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is opened, the third contactor KM3 is closed, and the fourth contactor KM4 is opened.

[0022] Preferably, in the discharge pre-charge mode, the third contactor KM3 is disconnected and the fourth contactor KM4 is closed.

[0023] Preferably, in the discharge mode, the first circuit breaker QF1 is opened, the second circuit breaker QF2 is closed, and the third circuit breaker QF3 is closed, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is opened, the third contactor KM3 is closed, and the fourth contactor KM4 is opened.

[0024] Preferably, the charging pre-charging circuit includes a rectifier and a first buffer resistor, and the rectifier is used to convert the AC power into direct current; the discharging pre-charging circuit includes a second buffer resistor.

[0025] The second aspect of the present invention proposes a technical solution, a shield machine emergency power distribution method based on battery power distribution, using the above-mentioned shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution, comprising the following steps:

[0026] The detection equipment monitors the power supply status of the mains in real time. When the power supply status is normal, the charging and discharging system is in charging mode, and the mains supplies power to the emergency power equipment. When the power supply status fails, the charging and discharging system is in discharging mode, and the battery pack supplies power to the emergency power equipment.

[0027] Wherein, the charging mode or the discharging mode of the charging and discharging system includes a pre-charging step for pre-charging the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter;

[0028] The charging and discharging system converts the mains electricity into direct current to charge the battery pack after the pre-charging step in the charging mode;

[0029] After the pre-charging step in the discharge mode, the charging and discharging system supplies AC power to the emergency power equipment by inverting the DC power output by the battery pack.

[0030] Preferably, after the pre-charging step of the charging mode, the charging and discharging system first uses the charging mode a to charge the battery pack, and detects the difference U0 between the DC bus terminal voltage and the battery pack voltage. When U0<10V, the charging mode b is used to charge the battery pack.

[0031] Wherein, in the charging mode a, the first circuit breaker QF1 is closed, the third circuit breaker QF3 is closed, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is disconnected, the third contactor KM3 is disconnected, and the fourth contactor KM4 is closed;

[0032] In the charging mode b, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is opened, the third contactor KM3 is closed, and the fourth contactor KM4 is opened.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0034] The present invention sets a power distribution system, a charging and discharging system, a battery system and a control system. The power distribution system controls the connection relationship among the mains, emergency power equipment and the battery. The control system controls the charging and discharging system to realize the charging or discharging working mode by detecting the operation status of the mains. According to different working modes, the corresponding contactors and circuit breakers are controlled to switch through the PLC module, so that the charging and discharging system enters the charging mode or the discharging mode, which effectively solves the problems of noise, vibration, environmental pollution and the like generated when the traditional generator is used for emergency power supply. Moreover, the charging and discharging conversion is controlled by the PLC system, and the power supply switching speed after the fault is much faster than the traditional relay switching speed, so the problem of long delay time of generator switching due to mains power outage is fundamentally solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in various figures may be represented by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in every figure. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0036] Figure 1 It is a control principle diagram of the shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution shown in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2It is a control flow chart of the shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution shown in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the emergency power equipment shown in the present invention being powered by mains electricity;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of charging a battery pack with mains electricity as shown in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the storage battery pack shown in the present invention supplying power to emergency electrical equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are given and described as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] As described in the background technology, the shield machine is directly powered by the mains. When the mains power supply fails, the generator is started through the dual power supply signal in the box transformer or the generator detection self-starting system. There is a time delay in this process, as well as noise, vibration and environmental pollution caused by starting the generator. Therefore, the present invention aims to achieve bidirectional flow of current by using a battery pack, a filter and a three-phase fully controlled bridge active rectifier circuit based on IGBT, thereby realizing an integrated design of charging / discharging.

[0043] The present invention controls the charging and discharging system to realize the charging or discharging working mode by detecting the operation status of the mains power. According to different working modes, the corresponding contactors and circuit breakers are controlled to switch their actions through the PLC module.

[0044] In charging mode, the DC bus is pre-charged first, and the voltage value of the DC bus and the battery terminal is detected at all times. The charging mode is switched from constant voltage source to constant current source mode according to the set voltage difference. If it is constant current source mode, the battery management system needs to send the analog value of the charging current.

[0045] In the discharge mode, the DC bus is also pre-charged. After the pre-charging is completed, it is switched to the inverter working mode to convert the DC power of the battery into the power of the voltage and frequency required by the load.

[0046] In this way, problems such as noise, vibration, and environmental pollution are effectively solved. The charging and discharging transitions are controlled by the PLC system. The power supply switching speed after a fault is much faster than the traditional relay switching speed, thus fundamentally solving the problem of long delay time for generator switching due to mains power outages.

[0047]

Shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution

[0048] Combination Figure 1As shown, the first aspect of the present invention proposes a technical solution, a shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution, which mainly includes a power distribution system 10, a charging and discharging system 20, a battery system 30, a control system 40 and emergency power equipment.

[0049] Specifically, the power distribution system 10 includes a first branch, a second branch and a third branch, and the first branch, the second branch and the third branch form a Y-type connection, that is, the first ends of the first branch, the second branch and the third branch are connected, wherein the second end of the first branch is connected to the AC power supply, and a detection device 11 is provided on the first branch, and the detection device 11 is used to detect the power supply status of the first branch and the AC power supply, and output a first signal or a second signal to the control system 40.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the detection device 11 is a voltage detection sensor. When the voltage change of the first branch is reduced to 0, it means that the power supply of the mains and the second branch and the third branch fails. At this time, the sensor sends a fault signal to the control system 40, and the control system 40 performs different execution actions according to different signals sent by the sensor, such as the opening and closing control of circuit breakers and contactors.

[0051] Furthermore, the emergency power equipment is connected to the second branch, and the charging and discharging system 20 and the battery system 30 are connected to the third branch. The battery system 30 includes a battery pack 31, and the control system 40 includes a PLC module, a human-machine interface, a drive device, a battery management system, and the like.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, the sensor outputs a first signal or a second signal to the PLC module, the first signal is a normal mains power signal, and the second signal is an abnormal mains power signal.

[0053] It can be understood that the capacity of the battery pack 31 is configured according to the working time and power of the emergency equipment.

[0054] Further, the charging and discharging system 20 includes a first contactor KM1, a filter 22, a second contactor KM2, a charging pre-charging circuit 23, an energy storage bidirectional converter 21 and a discharging pre-charging circuit 24, and a third contactor KM3. The third branch is connected in series with the first contactor KM1, the filter 22, and the energy storage bidirectional converter 21, and is connected in parallel with the second contactor KM2 and the charging pre-charging circuit 23. The discharging pre-charging circuit 24 is connected in parallel with the third contactor KM3 and then connected in series to the branch between the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 and the battery system 30;

[0055] The filter 22 is arranged at the input end of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 , and can filter the noise, thereby reducing the AC component in the DC voltage output by the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 as much as possible.

[0056] Since the DC output end of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 contains a large capacitor, when the battery pack 31 is charged or the battery pack 31 supplies power to emergency equipment, the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 needs to be pre-charged in advance.

[0057] When the PLC module receives the first signal, the emergency power equipment is powered by the mains, and the battery pack 31 is in a charging state.

[0058] Specifically, the emergency power equipment is connected to the mains through the second branch and the first branch, and the mains provides AC power. The PLC module closes the charging pre-charging circuit 23. After the mains pre-charges the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 through the charging pre-charging circuit 23, the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 converts the mains into DC power to charge the battery pack 31.

[0059] When the PLC module receives the second signal, the emergency power equipment is powered by the battery pack 31 after being inverted by the charging and discharging system 20 .

[0060] Specifically, the PLC module controls the first branch to be disconnected, the discharge pre-charging circuit 24 to be closed, and the emergency power equipment is connected to the battery pack 31 through the second branch and the third branch. After the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 is pre-charged, the DC power of the battery pack 31 is converted into AC power to power the emergency power equipment.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, a first circuit breaker QF1 is provided on the first branch, a second circuit breaker QF2 is provided on the second branch, and a third circuit breaker QF3 is provided on the third branch. The first circuit breaker QF1, the second circuit breaker QF2 and the third circuit breaker QF3 are configured to open or close in response to the control of the PLC module.

[0062] In this way, the on / off states of the first branch, the second branch and the third branch can be controlled by the first circuit breaker QF1, the second circuit breaker QF2 and the third circuit breaker QF3.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, the first end of the filter 22 and the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 is provided with a first contactor KM1, and the second end is provided with a third contactor KM3. The charging pre-charging circuit 23 is connected in series with the second contactor KM2, and the discharging pre-charging circuit 24 is connected in series with the fourth contactor KM4. The first contactor KM1, the second contactor KM2, the third contactor KM3 and the fourth contactor KM4 are controlled by a PLC module, so that the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 is in a charging pre-charging mode or a discharging pre-charging mode, and the charging and discharging system 20 is in a charging mode or a discharging mode.

[0064] Preferably, the charging pre-charging circuit 23 includes a rectifier 231 and a first buffer resistor 233, and the rectifier 231 is used to convert the AC power into direct current; the discharging pre-charging circuit 24 includes a second buffer resistor.

[0065] The voltage loaded on the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 can be reduced by the provided buffer resistor.

[0066] DC bus pre-charging of energy storage bidirectional converter in charging mode

[0067] Preferably, in the pre-charging mode, the first contactor KM1 is opened, the second contactor KM2 is closed, and the third contactor KM3 is closed.

[0068] In this way, the AC power pre-charges the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 via the first branch, the third branch, and the charging pre-charging circuit 23, so that the voltages on the AC side and the DC side of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 are close. When the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 is pre-charged, the battery pack 31 is charged.

[0069] Battery charging

[0070] The charging mode of the charging and discharging system 20 includes charging mode a and charging mode b. The control system 40 also includes a battery management system, which is used to monitor the status information of the battery pack 31 (such as the capacity, voltage, temperature and other information of the battery pack 31) and the DC bus terminal voltage of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21;

[0071] In charging mode a, the difference between the DC bus terminal voltage and the battery pack 31 voltage is greater than 10V, the first circuit breaker QF1 is closed, the third circuit breaker QF3 is closed, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is disconnected, the third contactor KM3 is disconnected, and the fourth contactor KM4 is closed.

[0072] In this way, the current enters the filter 22 from the first branch and the second branch for filtering, and is then rectified into direct current by the energy storage bidirectional converter 21, and charges the battery pack 31 through the fourth contactor KM4 and the buffer resistor.

[0073] In charging mode b, the difference between the DC bus terminal voltage and the battery pack 31 voltage is less than 10V, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is opened, the third contactor KM3 is closed, and the fourth contactor KM4 is opened.

[0074] In this way, the current enters the filter 22 from the first branch and the third branch for filtering, and is then rectified into direct current by the energy storage bidirectional converter 21, and directly charges the battery pack 31 through the third contactor KM3.

[0075] The battery pack supplies power to emergency electrical equipment

[0076] In the discharge pre-charge mode, the third contactor KM3 is opened and the fourth contactor KM4 is closed. In this way, the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 is pre-charged through the discharge pre-charge circuit 24 with a buffer resistor to balance the voltages on the AC side and the DC side of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21.

[0077] Further, in the discharge mode, the first circuit breaker QF1 is opened, the second circuit breaker QF2 is closed, and the third circuit breaker QF3 is closed, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is opened, the third contactor KM3 is closed, and the fourth contactor KM4 is opened.

[0078] In this way, the DC power of the battery pack 31 is input to the DC side of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21 through the third contactor KM3, is inverted into AC power by the energy storage bidirectional converter 21, output from the AC side, and after being filtered by the filter 22, supplies AC power to the emergency power equipment through the third branch and the second branch.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the control system 40 also includes a human-machine interface, a drive device, and a battery management system, which are used to control the switching of circuit breakers and contactors, the charging and discharging of the battery pack 31, and detect the battery pack temperature, capacity, voltage, etc., and the operation can be displayed on the human-machine interface.

[0080] [Emergency power distribution method for shield machine based on battery power distribution]

[0081] Combination Figure 2 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention proposes a technical solution, a shield machine emergency power distribution method based on battery power distribution, using the above-mentioned shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution, comprising the following steps:

[0082] The detection device 11 monitors the mains power supply status in real time. When the power supply is normal, the charging and discharging system 20 is in the charging mode, and the mains power supplies power to the emergency power equipment. When the power supply status fails, the charging and discharging system 20 is in the discharging mode, and the battery pack 31 supplies power to the emergency power equipment.

[0083] Wherein, the charging mode or the discharging mode of the charging and discharging system 20 includes a pre-charging step for pre-charging the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21;

[0084] After the pre-charging step in the charging mode, the charging and discharging system 20 converts the city electricity into direct current to charge the battery pack 31;

[0085] After the pre-charging step in the discharge mode, the charge-discharge system 20 inverts the DC power output by the storage battery group 31 to supply AC power to the emergency power equipment.

[0086] Preferably, after the pre-charging step of the charging mode, the charging and discharging system 20 first uses the charging mode a to charge the battery pack 31, and detects the difference U0 between the DC bus terminal voltage and the battery pack 31 voltage. When U0<10V, the charging mode b is used to charge the battery pack 31.

[0087] In charging mode a, the first circuit breaker QF1 is closed, the third circuit breaker QF3 is closed, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is disconnected, the third contactor KM3 is disconnected, and the fourth contactor KM4 is closed;

[0088] In charging mode b, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is open, the third contactor KM3 is closed, and the fourth contactor KM4 is open.

[0089] In a specific embodiment, charging mode: when the mains power is normal, combined with Figure 3 As shown, the first circuit breaker QF1 is in a closed state, and the emergency power equipment is powered by the mains; Figure 4 As shown, close the third circuit breaker QF3, start the charging mode, first close the second contactor KM2 to pre-charge the DC bus (capacitor) of the energy storage bidirectional converter 21, and after the pre-charging is completed, close the first contactor KM1, disconnect the second contactor KM2, switch to the constant voltage source mode for charging, and detect the battery terminal voltage.

[0090] After the constant voltage source mode is started, the difference between the module DC bus voltage and the battery terminal voltage is calculated. If the difference is less than 10V, the third contactor KM3 on the DC side is energized, and the mode is switched from the constant voltage source to the constant current source working mode. The battery management system indicates the charging current of the battery.

[0091] Discharge mode: Combined Figure 5 As shown, when the AC power fails, the control system automatically disconnects the first circuit breaker QF1, closes the third circuit breaker QF3, and closes the fourth contactor KM4 to pre-charge the DC bus. After the pre-charging is completed, the third contactor KM3 is closed and the fourth contactor KM4 is disconnected. The module works in the inverter mode, and then the first contactor KM1 is closed to complete the switch from AC power to battery power supply, and the DC power of the battery is converted into 380VAC, 50Hz for emergency equipment.

[0092] In combination with the above embodiments, the present invention sets a power distribution system, a charging and discharging system, a battery system and a control system. The power distribution system controls the connection relationship between the mains, emergency power equipment and the battery. The control system controls the charging and discharging system to realize the charging or discharging working mode by detecting the operation status of the mains. According to different working modes, the corresponding contactors and circuit breakers are controlled to switch through the PLC module, so that the charging and discharging system enters the charging mode or the discharging mode, which effectively solves the problems of noise, vibration, environmental pollution and the like generated by the traditional use of generators for emergency power supply. In addition, the PLC system controls the conversion of charging and discharging, and the power supply switching speed after a fault is much faster than the traditional relay switching speed, so the problem of long delay time of generator switching due to mains power outage is fundamentally solved.

[0093] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. A person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the definition of the claims.

Claims

1. A shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution, characterized in that: It comprises a power distribution system (10), a charging and discharging system (20), a battery system (30), a control system (40) and emergency power equipment; The power distribution system (10) comprises a first branch, a second branch and a third branch, wherein the first ends of the first branch, the second branch and the third branch are connected, and the second end of the first branch is connected to the mains, and a detection device (11) is provided on the first branch, and the detection device (11) is used to detect the power supply status of the mains and output a first signal or a second signal to the control system (40); The emergency power equipment is connected to the second branch circuit; The charging and discharging system (20) and the battery system (30) are connected to a third branch; The charging and discharging system (20) comprises a first contactor KM1, a filter (22), a second contactor KM2, a charging pre-charging circuit (23), an energy storage bidirectional converter (21), a discharging pre-charging circuit (24), and a third contactor KM3; the third branch is connected in series with the first contactor KM1, the filter (22), and the energy storage bidirectional converter (21), and is connected in parallel with the second contactor KM2 and the charging pre-charging circuit (23); the discharging pre-charging circuit (24) is connected in series with the third contactor KM3 after being connected in parallel to the branch between the energy storage bidirectional converter (21) and the battery system (30); The battery system (30) comprises a battery pack (31); The control system (40) includes a PLC module, a human-machine interface, a drive device, and a battery management system; Wherein, the first signal is a normal mains power signal, and the second signal is an abnormal mains power signal; When the PLC module receives the first signal, the emergency power equipment is connected to the mains via the second branch and the first branch, and the mains provides AC power. The PLC module closes the pre-charging circuit (23), and the mains pre-charges the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter (21) via the pre-charging circuit (23). The energy storage bidirectional converter (21) then converts the mains into DC power to charge the battery pack (31); When the PLC module receives the second signal, the PLC module controls the first branch to be disconnected, the discharge pre-charge circuit (24) to be closed, the emergency power equipment to be connected to the battery pack (31) via the second branch and the third branch, and after the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter (21) is pre-charged, the DC power of the battery pack (31) is converted into AC power to supply power to the emergency power equipment.

2. The shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first branch is provided with a first circuit breaker QF1, the second branch is provided with a second circuit breaker QF2, and the third branch is provided with a third circuit breaker QF3. The first circuit breaker QF1, the second circuit breaker QF2 and the third circuit breaker QF3 are configured to open or close in response to the control of the PLC module.

3. The shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first end of the filter (22) and the energy storage bidirectional converter (21) is provided with the first contactor KM1, and the second end is provided with the third contactor KM3; the charging pre-charging circuit (23) is connected in series with the second contactor KM2; the discharging pre-charging circuit (24) is connected in series with the fourth contactor KM4; the first contactor KM1, the second contactor KM2, the third contactor KM3 and the fourth contactor KM4 are controlled by the PLC module, so that the energy storage bidirectional converter (21) is in a charging pre-charging mode or a discharging pre-charging mode, and the charging and discharging system (20) is in a charging mode or a discharging mode.

4. The shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the pre-charging mode, the first contactor KM1 is opened, the second contactor KM2 is closed, and the third contactor KM3 is closed.

5. The shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The charging mode of the charging and discharging system (20) includes a charging mode a and a charging mode b, and the control system (40) further includes a battery management system, wherein the battery management system is used to monitor the state information of the battery pack (31) and the DC bus terminal voltage of the energy storage bidirectional converter (21); In the charging mode a, the difference between the DC bus terminal voltage and the battery pack (31) voltage is greater than 10V, the first circuit breaker QF1 is closed, the third circuit breaker QF3 is closed, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is disconnected, the third contactor KM3 is disconnected, and the fourth contactor KM4 is closed; In the charging mode b, the difference between the DC bus terminal voltage and the battery pack (31) voltage is less than 10V, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is opened, the third contactor KM3 is closed, and the fourth contactor KM4 is opened.

6. The shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the discharge pre-charge mode, the third contactor KM3 is opened and the fourth contactor KM4 is closed.

7. The shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the discharge mode, the first circuit breaker QF1 is opened, the second circuit breaker QF2 is closed, and the third circuit breaker QF3 is closed, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is opened, the third contactor KM3 is closed, and the fourth contactor KM4 is opened.

8. The shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The charging pre-charging loop (23) comprises a rectifier (231) and a first buffer resistor (233), wherein the rectifier (231) is used to convert the mains electricity into direct current; and the discharging pre-charging loop (24) comprises a second buffer resistor.

9. A shield machine emergency power distribution method based on battery power distribution, characterized in that: The shield machine emergency system based on battery power distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: The power supply status of the mains electricity is monitored in real time by a detection device (11); when the power supply status is normal, the charge-discharge system (20) is in a charging mode, and the mains electricity supplies power to the emergency power equipment; when the power supply status fails, the charge-discharge system (20) is in a discharging mode, and the storage battery group (31) supplies power to the emergency power equipment; Wherein, the charging mode or the discharging mode of the charging and discharging system (20) includes a pre-charging step, which is used to pre-charge the DC bus of the energy storage bidirectional converter (21); The charging and discharging system (20) converts the city electricity into direct current to charge the storage battery pack (31) after the pre-charging step in the charging mode; After the pre-charging step in the discharge mode, the charging and discharging system (20) supplies alternating current to the emergency power equipment by inverting the direct current output by the storage battery group (31).

10. The shield machine emergency power distribution method based on battery power distribution according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the pre-charging step of the charging mode, the charging and discharging system (20) first uses the charging mode a to charge the battery pack (31), and detects the difference U0 between the DC bus terminal voltage and the battery pack (31) voltage. When U0 is less than 10V, the charging mode b is used to charge the battery pack (31); In the charging mode a, the first circuit breaker QF1 is closed, the third circuit breaker QF3 is closed, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is disconnected, the third contactor KM3 is disconnected, and the fourth contactor KM4 is closed; In the charging mode b, the first contactor KM1 is closed, the second contactor KM2 is opened, the third contactor KM3 is closed, and the fourth contactor KM4 is opened.

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