A method for anchoring and supporting surrounding rock faults

Abstract

This invention provides a method for anchoring and supporting faults in surrounding rock, relating to the field of rock and soil anchoring technology. This method utilizes capsule-expanded anchor cables. When fault displacement occurs, the capsule-expanded anchor cable bends at the fault location. Capsules A and B are crushed at the bend by the anchor cable core and outer steel strands. Material A flows out of capsule A from its fracture location, and material B flows out of capsule B from its fracture location. Materials A and B flow into the anchor cable borehole and the crack at the fault location. Simultaneously, materials A and B mix and expand to form anchoring material. The anchoring material in the anchor cable borehole and the crack area at the fault location forms a reinforced body, connecting the capsule-expanded anchor cable and the surrounding rock at the fault location into a unified whole. This strengthens the anchoring and support at the fault location, slows down the continuous evolution of fault displacement, and reduces the risk of the anchor cable being sheared. Furthermore, it provides point-to-point automatic remedial anchoring and support at the fault location and crack location in the surrounding rock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock and soil anchoring technology, and more specifically to a method for anchoring and supporting surrounding rock faults. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing depth and breadth of coal mining in my country, the frequency and intensity of geological and dynamic disasters in coal mines are also gradually increasing, among which the deformation and damage of surrounding rock in roadways is particularly severe. Engineering practice shows that effective support methods can significantly improve the deformation of surrounding rock in roadways. Rock bolt and cable support, as an economical and effective support method, is widely used in underground engineering roadway surrounding rock support construction. However, at fault locations, if conventional rock bolt and cable support is used to support the surrounding rock, when the fault shifts and continues to evolve, the fault location will continuously exert radial forces on the rock bolts and cables, posing a risk of shearing and causing the surrounding rock support to fail. Furthermore, if timely remedial support is not provided when the fault shifts and continues to evolve, the deformation of the surrounding rock in the roadway will become increasingly pronounced, and the risk of roof collapse and other accidents will significantly increase. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for anchoring and supporting faults in surrounding rock to strengthen the anchoring and support of fault locations in surrounding rock.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A method for anchoring and supporting faults in surrounding rock utilizes capsule-shaped expansion anchors. The capsule-shaped expansion anchor includes an anchor core, capsule A, capsule B, and outer steel strands. Capsules A and B are arranged on the outer side of the anchor core. Both capsule A and capsule B are elongated structures that extend along the entire length of the anchor core and outer steel strands. Capsule A contains material A, and capsule B contains material B. Several outer steel strands are wound around the outer side of capsules A and B.

[0006] The method includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Drilling

[0008] An anchor cable borehole is formed by drilling holes in the surrounding rock using a drilling rig, and the anchor cable borehole passes through the fault location of the surrounding rock;

[0009] Step 2: Initial anchoring support

[0010] The capsule-expanded anchor cable is placed in the anchor cable borehole, the inner end of the capsule-expanded anchor cable is anchored to the surrounding rock, and the outer end of the capsule-expanded anchor cable is fixed to the outer wall of the surrounding rock through the anchoring component.

[0011] Step 3: Anchoring support at the fault location

[0012] When the fault shifts, the capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable bends at the fault location. Capsules A and B are squeezed and ruptured at the bend by the anchor cable core and the outer steel strand. Material A flows out of capsule A from its rupture location, and material B flows out of capsule B from its rupture location. Material A and material B flow into the anchor cable borehole and the cracks at the fault location. Material A and material B seep into the surrounding rock fissures. At the same time, material A and material B mix and expand to form anchoring material. The anchoring material in the anchor cable borehole and the crack area at the fault location forms a solidified body. The solidified body connects the capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable and the surrounding rock at the fault location into one unit.

[0013] Preferably, the anchor core is formed by winding several inner steel strands.

[0014] Preferably, the inner steel strand includes a main steel strand and secondary steel strands, and several secondary steel strands are wound together around a main steel strand to form the anchor core.

[0015] Preferably, there are at least two capsules A and two capsules B, and the capsules A and B are arranged at intervals.

[0016] Preferably, capsule A and capsule B are made of plastic material.

[0017] Preferably, material A is a gel-like material made of aluminosilicate and surfactant; and material B is a gel-like material made of nano-oxide and expanding agent.

[0018] Preferably, in step 2, the inner end of the capsule-expanded anchor cable is anchored to the surrounding rock by an anchoring agent.

[0019] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are:

[0020] The present invention discloses a method for anchoring and supporting faults in surrounding rock. This method utilizes capsule-expanded anchors, placing them within anchor boreholes. The inner end of the capsule-expanded anchor is anchored to the surrounding rock, while the outer end is fixed to the outer wall of the surrounding rock via an anchoring assembly, thus achieving initial anchoring support between the capsule-expanded anchor and the surrounding rock. When fault displacement occurs, the capsule-expanded anchor bends at the fault location. Capsules A and B are crushed at the bend by the anchor core and outer steel strands. Material A flows out of capsule A from its fracture location, and material B flows out of capsule B from its fracture location. Materials A and B flow into the anchor borehole and the crack at the fault location. Simultaneously, materials A and B mix and expand to form anchoring material. The anchoring material in the anchor borehole and the crack area at the fault location forms a reinforced body, connecting the capsule-expanded anchor and the surrounding rock at the fault location as a single unit. This strengthens the anchoring support at the fault location, slows the continued evolution of fault displacement, and reduces the risk of the anchor being sheared off. In addition, materials A and B flow into the anchor cable borehole and the crack at the fault location and mix and expand to form anchoring material. The anchoring material in the crack area of ​​the anchor cable borehole and the fault location forms a reinforced body, so as to automatically repair and anchor the support at the fault location and crack location of the surrounding rock, slow down the continuous deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway, and reduce the risk of roof collapse and other accidents in the surrounding rock of the roadway. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the arrangement of capsule-expanded anchor cables during the initial anchoring support of the surrounding rock fault anchoring support method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the initial anchoring support of the surrounding rock fault anchoring support method according to an embodiment of the present invention using capsule expansion anchor cables;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a layout diagram of the automatic remedial anchoring support method for rock fault anchoring in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the rock fault anchoring support method of the present invention when using capsule expansion anchor cables for fixed-point automatic remedial anchoring support. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Certain embodiments of the invention will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and some, but not all, of these embodiments will be shown. In fact, various embodiments of the invention can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to enable the invention to meet applicable legal requirements.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "inner," "outer," "upper," "lower," "front," and "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, a method for anchoring and supporting surrounding rock faults is provided. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figures 1 to 4 As shown.

[0028] A method for anchoring and supporting faults in surrounding rock, using capsule-expanded anchor cables.

[0029] The capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable includes an anchor core, capsule A21, capsule B22, and outer steel strand 3. The anchor core is formed by winding several inner steel strands, specifically, the inner steel strands include main steel strand 11 and secondary steel strands 12, with several secondary steel strands 12 winding together around a main steel strand 11 to form the anchor core. Capsules A21 and B22 are arranged on the outer side of the anchor core, and both capsules A21 and B22 are elongated structures. Capsules A21 and B22 extend along the entire length of the anchor core and outer steel strand 3, so that if a fault occurs at any position along the length of the capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable, capsules A21 and B22 will rupture at the fault location, releasing materials A and B. Furthermore, capsules A21 and B22 extend along the entire length of the anchor core and outer steel strand 3, fully utilizing the space along the length of the capsule-expanded anchor cable. This increases the capacity of capsules A21 and B22 while maintaining their cross-sectional area, allowing for the storage of a larger quantity of materials A and B. Specifically, capsules A21 and B22 can be the same length as the anchor core and outer steel strand 3, or they can extend at positions other than the ends of the anchor core and outer steel strand 3. Capsule A21 contains material A, and capsule B22 contains material B. Several outer steel strands 3 are wound around the outer sides of capsules A21 and B22.

[0030] There are at least two capsules A21 and B22, arranged alternately. This arrangement ensures that when capsules A21 and B22 rupture, the materials A and B flowing out from adjacent capsules A21 and B22 can be thoroughly mixed to form a greater quantity of anchoring material.

[0031] Capsules A21 and B22 are made of plastic. This is to prevent friction damage to capsules A21 and B22 during initial anchoring support. However, during fixed-point automatic remedial anchoring support, capsules A21 and B22 can be crushed by the combined pressure of the anchor core and outer steel strand 3 at bending points.

[0032] Material A is a gel-like material made of aluminosilicates and surfactants; Material B is a gel-like material made of nano-oxides and expanding agents. When Materials A and B mix and expand, they form a dense, high-strength anchoring material. This expanded anchoring material propels Materials A and B, making them more easily penetrate into the fissures 41 of the surrounding rock. The materials A and B that have penetrated into the fissures 41 then mix and expand again, forming another dense, high-strength anchoring material. This causes the anchoring material to become firmly bonded to the surrounding rock, resulting in a more secure connection between the capsule-shaped expanding anchor cable and the surrounding rock.

[0033] The method includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Drilling

[0035] An anchor cable borehole 4 is formed by drilling holes in the surrounding rock using a drilling rig. The anchor cable borehole 4 passes through the fault location of the surrounding rock.

[0036] Step 2: Initial anchoring support

[0037] The capsule-expanded anchor cable is placed in the anchor cable borehole 4. The inner end of the capsule-expanded anchor cable is anchored to the surrounding rock through the anchoring agent (resin cartridge 6). The outer end of the capsule-expanded anchor cable is fixed to the outer wall of the surrounding rock through the anchoring components (anchor 71, tray 72).

[0038] Step 3: Anchoring support at the fault location

[0039] When the fault shifts, the capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable bends at the fault location. The anchor cable core and the outer steel strand 3 bend and slide relative to each other. Capsules A21 and B22 are squeezed and ruptured at the bending point by the anchor cable core and the outer steel strand 3. Material A flows out of the rupture location of capsule A21, and material B flows out of the rupture location of capsule B22. Material A and material B flow into the anchor cable borehole 4 and the crack 5 at the fault location. Material A and material B seep into the surrounding rock fissure 41. At the same time, material A and material B mix and expand to form anchoring material. The anchoring material in the area of ​​the anchor cable borehole 4 and the crack 5 at the fault location forms a solidified body 8. The solidified body 8 connects the capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable and the surrounding rock at the fault location into one unit.

[0040] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable of the present invention. The method for anchoring and supporting faults in surrounding rock of the present invention utilizes a capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable. The capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable is placed inside the anchor cable borehole 4, and the inner end of the capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable is anchored to the surrounding rock. The outer end of the capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable is fixed to the outer wall of the surrounding rock via an anchoring assembly, thereby achieving initial anchoring and support between the capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable and the surrounding rock. When fault displacement occurs, the capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable bends at the fault location. Capsules A21 and B22 are crushed at the bend by the anchor cable core and the outer steel strand 3. Capsule A21 breaks from the fracture. Material A flows out from the fracture site, and material B flows out from the fracture site of capsule B22. Materials A and B flow into the anchor cable borehole 4 and the crack 5 at the fault location. Simultaneously, materials A and B mix and expand to form anchoring material. The anchoring material in the area of ​​anchor cable borehole 4 and crack 5 at the fault location forms a reinforced body 8. The reinforced body 8 connects the capsule-expanded anchor cable and the surrounding rock at the fault location into one unit. This strengthens the anchoring support at the fault location of the surrounding rock, slows down the continuous evolution of fault displacement, and reduces the risk of the anchor cable being sheared. In addition, materials A and B flow into the anchor cable borehole 4 and crack 5 at the fault location and mix and expand to form anchoring material. The anchoring material in the area of ​​anchor cable borehole 4 and crack 5 at the fault location forms a reinforced body 8, which provides fixed-point automatic remedial anchoring support at the fault location and crack location of the surrounding rock, slows down the continuous deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway, and reduces the risk of roof collapse and spalling accidents in the surrounding rock of the roadway.

[0041] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for anchoring and supporting faults in surrounding rock, characterized in that: An expansion anchor cable is applied, comprising an anchor core, capsule A, capsule B, and outer steel strands. The anchor core is formed by winding several inner steel strands, which include main steel strands and secondary steel strands. Several secondary steel strands are wound together around a main steel strand to form the anchor core. Capsules A and B are arranged on the outside of the anchor core, with at least two capsules A and B, arranged alternately. Both capsules A and B are elongated structures, extending along the entire length of the anchor core and outer steel strands. Capsule A contains material A, and capsule B contains material B. Material A is a gel-like material made of aluminosilicate and surfactant, and material B is a gel-like material made of nano-oxide and expansion agent. Several outer steel strands are wound around the outside of capsules A and B. The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Drilling An anchor cable borehole is formed by drilling holes in the surrounding rock using a drilling rig, and the anchor cable borehole passes through the fault location of the surrounding rock; Step 2: Initial anchoring support The capsule-expanded anchor cable is placed in the anchor cable borehole, and the inner end of the capsule-expanded anchor cable is anchored to the surrounding rock through the anchoring agent. The outer end of the capsule-expanded anchor cable is fixed to the outer wall of the surrounding rock through the anchoring component. Step 3: Anchoring support at the fault location When a fault occurs, the capsule-shaped expansion anchor cable bends at the fault location. The anchor core and outer steel strand bend and slide relative to each other. Capsules A and B rupture at the bend due to the combined compression of the anchor core and outer steel strand. Material A flows out of capsule A from its rupture location, and material B flows out of capsule B from its rupture location. Materials A and B flow into the anchor cable borehole and the cracks at the fault location. Materials A and B seep into the surrounding rock fissures. Simultaneously, materials A and B mix and expand to form anchoring material, which then flows into the anchor cable borehole and the cracks at the fault location. The anchoring material in the area forms a solidified body, which connects the capsule-expanded anchor cable and the surrounding rock at the fault location into one unit. Specifically, materials A and B are mixed and expand to form a dense, high-strength anchoring material. This expands materials A and B, which then penetrate into the fissures of the surrounding rock. The materials A and B that have penetrated into the fissures of the surrounding rock then mix and expand again to form a dense, high-strength anchoring material. This anchoring material then binds itself to the surrounding rock, firmly connecting the capsule-expanded anchor cable and the surrounding rock.

2. The method for anchoring and supporting faults in surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: Capsule A and capsule B are made of plastic material.

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