A device for separating and supporting stalks of sorghum in a sorghum harvester

Abstract

The application discloses a high-yield maize harvester, and relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery equipment. The high-yield maize harvester comprises a main grain separating and supporting device, a driving shaft arranged in the main grain separating and supporting device, a driving shaft support connected with the end of the driving shaft penetrating through the main grain separating and supporting device, a grain separating and supporting cone arranged at the front end of the main grain separating and supporting device, a front shaft seat, a grain separating rod, a spiral blade and a cutting platform. The front ends of the two ends of the front shaft seat are respectively connected with the main grain separating and supporting device and the grain separating and supporting cone. The front end of the grain separating rod is fixedly connected with the front shaft seat, and the rear end of the grain separating rod is fixedly connected with the driving shaft support. The spiral blade is arranged on the outer side of the main grain separating and supporting device and the grain separating and supporting cone. The front shaft seat and the driving shaft support are respectively connected with the cutting platform. The main grain separating and supporting device and the grain separating rod are matched with each other, the effectiveness of separating the high-yield maize in and out of the cutting width is improved, the mutual winding of the long ear high-yield maize ear part and the stems and leaves is prevented, and the cutting platform harvesting loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment technology, specifically to a sorghum harvester's sorghum separation and support device. Background Technology

[0002] Sorghum, a crucial raw material for brewing baijiu (Chinese liquor), is currently in the early stages of mechanized harvesting, sparking a surge of research into sorghum harvesting technology across China. The sorghum separation and straightening device, a vital component of mechanized sorghum harvesting, plays a significant role in preventing entanglement of the harvester components, straightening lodged sorghum, and reducing harvest losses.

[0003] Currently, most dividers have a cone-shaped front end and a parallel rear end. This leads to problems such as incomplete division, lodging, and difficulty in harvesting. Furthermore, the purely sliding division inevitably pushes down or breaks plants, increasing harvest losses. Another type is a divider with a reciprocating cutter, which can cut plants directly from the point of adhesion between the cutter and the outside of the cutter, causing the ears outside the cutter to fall off, further increasing harvest losses. A third type is a single cone-shaped auger, which only straightens and guides the plants backward, making it difficult to separate entangled or adhered plants. This results in cutter malfunctions, failing to separate plants inside and outside the cutter and causing frequent breakdowns.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a sorghum separation and support device to avoid the entanglement of sorghum branches and ears and to support and guide lodging plants backward, thereby reducing harvesting losses at the header, is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a sorghum harvester separating and supporting device to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A sorghum harvester separating and supporting device includes:

[0008] The main rice divider and rice lifter has a drive shaft inside, and a drive shaft bracket is connected to the end of the drive shaft that passes through the main rice divider and rice lifter.

[0009] The rice-dividing and rice-supporting cone is located at the front end of the main rice-dividing and rice-supporting device;

[0010] A front axle seat is located between the main divider and the divider cone, and both ends of the front axle seat are respectively sleeved with the main divider and the divider cone;

[0011] The dividing straw, the front end of which is fixedly connected to the front axle seat and the rear end of which is fixedly connected to the drive shaft bracket;

[0012] Helical blades are disposed on the outer side of the main divider and the divider cone.

[0013] The cutting table frame, the front axle mount and the drive shaft bracket are respectively connected to the cutting table frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the front part of the main rice divider and rice lifter is fitted with the front axle seat with a clearance, and the rear part of the main rice divider and rice lifter is fixedly connected to the drive shaft through a three-bar support.

[0015] Furthermore, the rear of the drive shaft is provided with a bearing end cover and a coupling. A first angular contact bearing is provided between the bearing end cover and the drive shaft. The outer end face of the bearing end cover is connected to the drive shaft bracket by a first bolt. The coupling is connected to the end of the drive shaft by a flat key. The front part of the drive shaft passes through a second angular contact bearing inside the front axle housing, and the drive shaft is connected to the front axle housing by a fastening nut.

[0016] Furthermore, the dividing and supporting cone is sleeved on the outside of the front axle seat and connected to the fastening nut by the first fastening screw.

[0017] Furthermore, the height of the spiral blade is 1.2 to 1.3 times the diameter of the sorghum stalk, and the helix angle of the spiral blade is smaller than the friction angle between the sorghum stalk and the spiral blade.

[0018] Furthermore, the dividing bar is located outside the main dividing bar and supporting device, the front part of the dividing bar is connected to the front axle seat by a second bolt, and the rear part of the dividing bar is fixed to the outside of the drive shaft bracket by a first bolt.

[0019] Furthermore, the angle between the projection of the dividing stalk on the horizontal plane and the machine's forward direction is smaller than the bending angle of the sorghum stalk; the angle between the projection of the dividing stalk on the vertical plane and the horizontal plane is smaller than the friction angle of the stalk; the height difference between the end of the dividing stalk and the main dividing and lifting device is h; the horizontal deviation between the end of the dividing stalk and the main dividing and lifting device is b; and the length of the sorghum ear is l.

[0020]

[0021] Furthermore, the angle between the drive shaft and the horizontal plane is 20 to 25°.

[0022] Furthermore, the main rice divider and rice support are connected to the three-bar support via a second fastening screw.

[0023] Furthermore, the drive shaft bracket is connected to the cutting table frame via a third bolt, and the front axle seat is connected to the cutting table frame via a fourth bolt.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention sets the rice separating and supporting device as a segmented structure of a rice separating and supporting cone and a main rice separating and supporting device, and adopts a double support connection structure of the rice separating and supporting cone and the main rice separating and supporting device, the drive shaft and the front axle seat, and the drive shaft bracket, which improves the reliability of the rice separating and supporting device.

[0026] By using a combination of a main divider and a divider rod, the effectiveness of separating sorghum inside and outside the cutting width is improved, preventing the ears, stems and leaves of long-eared sorghum from tangling together and reducing harvesting losses at the cutter.

[0027] The front end of the rice separating and supporting device adopts a cone-shaped structure, which improves the reliability of rice separating and supporting. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from another angle.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a magnified view of part A of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a magnified view of part B of the present invention.

[0032] Among them, 1 is the rice divider and rice lifter cone, 2 is the fastening nut, 3 is the first fastening screw, 4 is the front axle seat, 5 is the second angular contact bearing, 6 is the drive shaft, 7 is the main rice divider and rice lifter, 8 is the rice divider straw, 9 is the spiral blade, 10 is the three-bar support, 11 is the second fastening screw, 12 is the first angular contact bearing, 13 is the bearing end cover, 14 is the drive shaft bracket, 15 is the first bolt, 16 is the coupling, 17 is the flat key, 18 is the shaft retaining ring, 19 is the cutting table frame, 20 is the third bolt, 21 is the second bolt, and 22 is the bolt hole. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Combination Figures 1 to 4This invention provides a sorghum harvester's sorghum division and lifting device, comprising a division and lifting cone 1, a front axle seat 4, a main division and lifting device 7, a dividing rod 8, a drive shaft bracket 14, and a header frame 19. The main division and lifting device 7 has a drive shaft 6 inside, the end of which passes through the rear of the main division and lifting device 7 and is connected to the drive shaft bracket 14. The division and lifting cone 1 is located at the front end of the main division and lifting device 7. The front axle seat 4 is located between the main division and lifting device 7 and the division and lifting cone 1, and both ends of the front axle seat 4 are respectively sleeved with the main division and lifting device 7 and the division and lifting cone 1. The front end of the dividing rod 8 is fixedly connected to the front axle seat 4, and the rear end is fixedly connected to the drive shaft bracket 14. Spiral blades 9 are located on the outside of the main division and lifting device 7 and the division and lifting cone 1. The front axle seat 4 and the drive shaft bracket 14 are respectively connected to the header frame 19.

[0035] Preferably, the front part of the main divider 7 is fitted with the front axle seat 4 with a clearance, and the rear part of the main divider 7 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 6 via a three-bar support. The main divider 7 and the three-bar support are fixedly connected by a second fastening screw 11. In this embodiment, since the main divider rotates under the drive of the drive shaft 6, while the front axle seat 4 cannot rotate, a clearance connection must be ensured between the two to reduce frictional resistance.

[0036] Preferably, the rear of the drive shaft 6 is provided with a bearing end cover 13 and a coupling 16. A first angular contact bearing 12 is provided between the bearing end cover 13 and the drive shaft 6. The outer end face of the bearing end cover 13 is connected to the drive shaft bracket 14 by a first bolt 15. The coupling 16 is connected to the end of the drive shaft 6 by a flat key 17. The front of the drive shaft 6 passes through a second angular contact bearing 5 inside the front axle seat 4, and the drive shaft 6 is connected to the front axle seat 4 by a fastening nut 2. In this embodiment, after the front of the drive shaft 6 passes through the second angular contact bearing 5 inside the front axle seat 4, it is fixed by a fastening nut 2 with a thread opposite to the rotation direction of the main divider and spreader. After the rear of the drive shaft 6 passes through the first angular contact bearing 12, it is connected by a shaft retaining ring 18. The bearing end cover 13 of the first angular contact bearing 12 is fixed to the drive shaft bracket 14 by a first bolt 15. The fastening nut 2 is fastened with a thread that is opposite to the rotation direction of the main divider and riser, mainly to prevent the fastening nut from loosening due to the rotation of the main divider and riser.

[0037] Preferably, the dividing and supporting cone 1 is sleeved on the outside of the front axle seat 4 and connected to the fastening nut 2 by the first fastening screw 3.

[0038] Preferably, the height of the spiral blade 9 is 1.2 to 1.3 times the diameter of the sorghum stalk, and the spiral angle of the spiral blade 9 is smaller than the friction angle between the sorghum stalk and the spiral blade.

[0039] In this embodiment, the height of the spiral blade is 1.2 to 1.3 times the diameter of the stalk. This is mainly to ensure that the stalk does not slip off the spiral blade, thus ensuring reliable backward transport. This multiple takes into account the possibility that the stalk may be tilted, causing its radial height along the spiral blade to change. If it is greater than the height of the spiral blade, slippage may occur. The helix angle of the spiral blade 9 is less than the friction angle between the sorghum stalk and the spiral blade. This also ensures that the stalk does not slip off the spiral blade, guaranteeing stable backward transport under the push of the spiral blade. When it is less than the friction angle, it acts as a locking mechanism, ensuring that there is only pushing between the stalk and the spiral blade, without any radial slippage.

[0040] Preferably, the dividing bar 8 is located outside the main dividing bar 7, the front part of the dividing bar 8 is connected to the front axle seat 4 by the second bolt 21, and the rear part of the dividing bar 8 is fixed to the outside of the drive shaft bracket 14 by the first bolt 15.

[0041] Furthermore, the angle between the projection of the dividing stalk 8 onto the horizontal plane and the machine's forward direction is smaller than the bending angle of the sorghum stalk; the angle between the projection of the dividing stalk 8 onto the vertical plane and the horizontal plane is smaller than the friction angle of the stalk; the height difference between the end of the dividing stalk 8 and the main dividing and lifting device 7 is h; the horizontal deviation between the end of the dividing stalk 8 and the main dividing and lifting device 7 is b; and the length of the sorghum ear is l.

[0042] In this embodiment, the bending angle is the angle formed when the sorghum stalk is grasped and pulled to one side, causing it to bend and form an angle with the vertical line. When the applied force reaches a certain magnitude, the angle between the stalk and the vertical line reaches its maximum value. When further force is applied, the stalk will break. The angle between the bending direction of the stalk and the vertical direction at this point is the bending angle. The friction angle refers to the friction angle between the stalk and the tiller 8.

[0043] Let the height difference h, the horizontal deviation b, and the sorghum ear length l be set as... The purpose is to ensure that the sorghum ears located on the outside of the divider can be separated by the stalks and leave the divider at the rear, ensuring the complete separation of the sorghum inside and outside the divider, avoiding problems such as entanglement and adhesion, and improving the reliability of the header operation.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the rice separating and supporting device is not in operation, the connection position of the front axle seat 4 at the front of the separating rod 8 and the bolt hole 22 on the rear drive shaft bracket 14 can be adjusted to make the separating rod 8 vertical, thereby improving the road passability of the whole machine when it is not in operation.

[0045] The front end of the rice divider is connected to the front axle seat 4, which has two bolt holes 22 in the vertical and horizontal directions. During operation, the rice divider connects to the horizontal bolt hole 22; during transport, it connects to the vertical bolt hole 22 to reduce the overall width of the machine and improve maneuverability. Similarly, the rear end of the rice divider connects to the outside of the drive shaft bracket 14, which also has bolt holes 22 in both the horizontal and vertical directions. During operation, it connects to the horizontal bolt hole 22; during transport, it connects to the vertical bolt hole 22.

[0046] Preferably, the angle between the drive shaft 6 and the horizontal plane is 20° to 25°.

[0047] In this embodiment, the friction angle between the stem and the spiral blade is generally 25° to 40°, while the angle between the drive shaft 6 and the horizontal plane needs to be smaller than this friction angle. However, if it is too small, it will cause the divider to be too long. Therefore, 20° to 25° is the optimal choice.

[0048] Preferably, the drive shaft bracket 14 is connected to the cutting table frame 19 by a third bolt 20, and the front axle seat 4 is connected to the cutting table frame 19 by a fourth bolt.

[0049] Working principle:

[0050] When the sorghum harvester drives the header frame 19, the dividing and supporting cone 1 first inserts into the bottom of the sorghum plant. The sorghum plant located inside the dividing and supporting cone 1 is quickly brought into the working range of the spiral blades 9 on the main dividing and supporting device 7 as the harvester moves forward. As the main dividing and supporting device 7 rotates, the spiral blades 9 push the inner sorghum plant backward. When it encounters the cutter on the header frame 19, the lower part of the sorghum plant is cut and harvested. The sorghum plant located outside the dividing and supporting cone 1 slides backward along the dividing rod 8 located outside the main dividing and supporting device 7 as the machine moves forward. This forces the plants inside and outside the main dividing and supporting device 7 to be completely separated, avoiding entanglement and adhesion problems, reducing harvesting losses at the header, and improving the reliability of the header operation.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sorghum harvester's stalk-separating and stalk-supporting device, characterized in that, include: The main rice divider and rice lifter has a drive shaft inside, and a drive shaft bracket is connected to the end of the drive shaft that passes through the main rice divider and rice lifter. The rice-dividing and rice-supporting cone is located at the front end of the main rice-dividing and rice-supporting device; A front axle seat is located between the main divider and the divider cone, and both ends of the front axle seat are respectively sleeved with the main divider and the divider cone; The dividing straw, the front end of which is fixedly connected to the front axle seat and the rear end of which is fixedly connected to the drive shaft bracket; Helical blades are disposed on the outer side of the main divider and the divider cone. And the cutting table frame, wherein the front axle seat and the drive shaft bracket are respectively connected to the cutting table frame; The angle between the projection of the dividing stalk on the horizontal plane and the machine's forward direction is smaller than the bending angle of the sorghum stalk; the angle between the projection of the dividing stalk on the vertical plane and the horizontal plane is smaller than the friction angle of the stalk; the height difference between the end of the dividing stalk and the main dividing and lifting device is h; the horizontal deviation between the end of the dividing stalk and the main dividing and lifting device is b; and the length of the sorghum ear is l. The angle between the drive shaft and the horizontal plane is 20-25°.

2. The sorghum harvester separating and supporting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front part of the main rice divider and rice lifter is sleeved with the front axle seat with a gap, and the rear part of the main rice divider and rice lifter is fixedly connected to the drive shaft through a three-bar support.

3. The sorghum harvester separating and supporting device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The rear of the drive shaft is provided with a bearing end cover and a coupling. A first angular contact bearing is provided between the bearing end cover and the drive shaft. The outer end face of the bearing end cover is connected to the drive shaft bracket by a first bolt. The coupling is connected to the end of the drive shaft by a flat key. The front part of the drive shaft passes through a second angular contact bearing inside the front axle housing, and the drive shaft is connected to the front axle housing by a fastening nut.

4. The sorghum harvester separating and supporting device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The dividing and supporting cone is sleeved on the outside of the front axle seat and connected to the fastening nut by the first fastening screw.

5. A sorghum harvester separating and supporting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the spiral blade is 1.2 to 1.3 times the diameter of the sorghum stalk, and the spiral angle of the spiral blade is smaller than the friction angle between the sorghum stalk and the spiral blade.

6. The sorghum harvester separating and supporting device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The dividing bar is located outside the main dividing bar and the main dividing bar. The front part of the dividing bar is connected to the front axle seat by a second bolt, and the rear part of the dividing bar is fixed to the outside of the drive shaft bracket by a first bolt.

7. A sorghum harvester separating and supporting device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The main divider and the three-bar support are connected by a second fastening screw.

8. A sorghum harvester separating and supporting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive shaft bracket is connected to the cutter frame by a third bolt, and the front axle seat is connected to the cutter frame by a fourth bolt.

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