Ground power supply device and power supply method

Abstract

The present invention provides a ground power supply device and a power supply method. When there are multiple vehicles near the ground power supply device, the power supply object of the ground power supply device is smoothly switched. The ground power supply device (2) comprises: a communication device (82) that directly communicates with a vehicle (3) through narrow-area wireless communication with a communication distance of less than 10 meters; and a control device (22) that controls the power supply using the ground power supply device. When the communication device receives vehicle identification information from a second vehicle during power supply from the ground power supply device to a first vehicle, the control device stops supplying power to the first vehicle when the communication device receives the vehicle identification information from the second vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a ground power supply device and a power supply method. Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, there is known a technology for contactlessly transmitting power between a ground power supply device installed on the ground and a vehicle using a transmission method such as a magnetic field resonance method. In the contactless power supply system described in Patent Document 1, when the ground power supply device and the vehicle are paired through narrow-area communication, power is supplied from the ground power supply device to the vehicle, and the battery of the vehicle is charged.

[0003] Prior art literature

[0004] Patent Literature

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2013-240132 Summary of the invention

[0006] However, Patent Document 1 does not assume that multiple vehicles passing over the ground power supply device are continuously powered. Therefore, if the distance between the preceding vehicle being powered and the following vehicle before power supply is close, there is a possibility that the ground power supply device may not start power supply to the following vehicle at an appropriate timing.

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to smoothly switch the power supply target of the ground power supply device when a plurality of vehicles are present near the ground power supply device.

[0008] The gist of the present disclosure is as follows.

[0009] (1) A ground power supply device that transmits electric power to a vehicle in a non-contact manner, wherein the ground power supply device comprises: a communication device that directly communicates with the vehicle via narrow-area wireless communication having a communication distance of less than 10 meters; and a control device that controls the transmission of electric power using the ground power supply device, wherein when the communication device receives vehicle identification information from a second vehicle during power supply from the ground power supply device to a first vehicle, the control device stops supplying electric power to the first vehicle when the communication device receives the vehicle identification information from the second vehicle.

[0010] (2) In the ground power supply device described in (1) above, the control device starts supplying power to the second vehicle when a predetermined start condition is satisfied after the communication device receives the vehicle identification information from the second vehicle.

[0011] (3) In the ground power supply device described in (1) or (2) above, the ground power supply device also includes a storage unit that stores a list of vehicle identification information of vehicles that may be powered by the ground power supply device, and when the communication device receives the vehicle identification information from the second vehicle while the ground power supply device is supplying power to the first vehicle, the control device stops supplying power to the first vehicle when the vehicle identification information is registered in the list, and continues supplying power to the first vehicle when the vehicle identification information is not registered in the list.

[0012] (4) A power supply method for non-contact power supply to a vehicle via a ground power supply device, wherein the power supply method includes: when power is supplied from the ground power supply device to a first vehicle, if a communication device of the ground power supply device receives vehicle identification information from a second vehicle, stopping power supply to the first vehicle when the communication device receives the vehicle identification information from the second vehicle.

[0013] According to the present invention, when a plurality of vehicles are present near the ground power supply device, it is possible to smoothly switch the power supply target using the ground power supply device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a contactless power supply system.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the controller and the devices connected to the controller.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ECU and the devices connected to the ECU.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of magnetic field detectors installed on a road.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a communication system used in a contactless power supply system.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a diagram schematically showing the hardware configuration of a server.

[0020] Figure 7 This is an operation sequence diagram related to communication among a vehicle, a server, and a ground power supply device using wide area wireless communication.

[0021] Figure 8 It is related to the communication between vehicles, servers and ground power supply devices using wide area wireless communication. Figure 7 Same action timing diagram.

[0022] Fig. 9 This is a flowchart showing the flow of processing related to communication using wide area wireless communication in a server.

[0023] Fig.10 This is a flowchart showing the flow of processing related to communication using wide area wireless communication in the ground power supply device.

[0024] Fig.11 The diagram schematically shows the movement and state transition of the vehicle and the ground power supply device when the vehicle approaches the ground power supply device and power is supplied.

[0025] Fig.12 This is a diagram schematically showing the state and operation transition of the ground power supply device.

[0026] Fig.13 This is a diagram schematically showing the state and operation transition of the ground power supply device.

[0027] Fig.14 This is a diagram schematically showing the state and transition of the vehicle.

[0028] Fig.15 This is a flowchart showing the flow of operations related to execution of the power reception end process.

[0029] (Explanation of symbols)

[0030] 2: ground power supply device; 3: vehicle; 22: controller; 81: first communication device on the ground side; 82: second communication device on the ground side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Hereinafter, the embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the same components.

[0032] <Overall structure of the contactless power supply system>

[0033] Figure 1 1 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a contactless power supply system 1. The contactless power supply system 1 has a ground power supply device 2 and a vehicle 3 traveling on a road 100, and performs contactless power transmission from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 through magnetic field resonance coupling (magnetic field resonance). In particular, in the present embodiment, the contactless power supply system 1 performs contactless power transmission from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 when the vehicle 3 is traveling. Therefore, the ground power supply device 2 transmits power to the vehicle 3 contactlessly when the vehicle 3 is traveling, and the vehicle 3 receives power from the ground power supply device 2 contactlessly when the vehicle 3 is traveling. The ground power supply device 2 has a power transmission device 4 configured to transmit power to the vehicle 3 contactlessly, and the vehicle 3 has a power receiving device 5 configured to receive power from the power transmission device 4 contactlessly. As shown in FIG. Figure 1As shown, the power transmission device 4 is buried in the road 100 (underground) on which the vehicle 3 travels, for example, in the center of the lane on which the vehicle 3 travels.

[0034] In addition, the term "traveling" means that the vehicle 3 is on the road for traveling. Therefore, the term "traveling" includes not only the state where the vehicle 3 is actually running at any speed greater than zero, but also the state where the vehicle 3 is stopped on the road for example, waiting for a traffic light, etc. On the other hand, even if the vehicle 3 is on the road, for example, when it is parked, it is not included in the "traveling".

[0035] <Structure of ground power supply device>

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the ground power supply device 2 includes a power supply 21 and a controller 22 in addition to the power transmission device 4. The power supply 21 and the controller 22 may be buried in the road 100 or may be arranged at a location different from the road 100 (including the ground).

[0037] The power supply 21 supplies power to the power transmission device 4. The power supply 21 is, for example, a commercial AC power supply that supplies single-phase AC power. The power supply 21 may be another AC power supply that supplies three-phase AC power, or a DC power supply such as a fuel cell.

[0038] The power transmission device 4 transmits the electric power supplied from the power source 21 to the vehicle 3. The power transmission device 4 includes a power transmission side rectification circuit 41, an inverter 42, and a power transmission side resonance circuit 43. In the power transmission device 4, the AC power supplied from the power source 21 is rectified in the power transmission side rectification circuit 41 and converted into a DC current, and the DC current is converted into AC power in the inverter 42, and the AC power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43.

[0039] The power transmission side rectifier circuit 41 is electrically connected to the power source 21 and the inverter 42. The power transmission side rectifier circuit 41 rectifies the AC power supplied from the power source 21, converts it into DC power, and supplies the DC power to the inverter 42. The power transmission side rectifier circuit 41 is, for example, an AC / DC converter.

[0040] The inverter 42 is electrically connected to the power transmission side rectification circuit 41 and the power transmission side resonance circuit 43. The inverter 42 converts the DC power supplied from the power transmission side rectification circuit 41 into AC power (high frequency power) having a higher frequency than the AC power of the power source 21, and supplies the high frequency power to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43.

[0041] The power transmission side resonance circuit 43 has a resonator composed of a coil 44 and a capacitor 45. Various parameters of the coil 44 and the capacitor 45 (the outer diameter and inner diameter of the coil 44, the number of turns of the coil 44, the electrostatic capacitance of the capacitor 45, etc.) are determined so that the resonance frequency of the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 becomes a predetermined setting value. The predetermined setting value is, for example, 10kHz to 100GHz, and preferably 85kHz determined as a frequency band for contactless power transmission according to the SAE TIR J2954 standard.

[0042] The power transmission side resonance circuit 43 is arranged in the center of the lane where the vehicle 3 passes so that the center of the coil 44 is located in the center of the lane. When the high frequency power supplied from the inverter 42 is applied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43, the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 generates an AC magnetic field for power transmission. In addition, when the power supply 21 is a DC power supply, the power transmission side rectifier circuit 41 can also be omitted.

[0043] The controller 22 is, for example, a general-purpose computer, and performs various controls on the ground power supply device 2. For example, the controller 22 is electrically connected to the inverter 42 of the power transmission device 4, and controls the inverter 42 in order to control the power transmission by the power transmission device 4. Furthermore, the controller 22 controls the ground-side first communication device 81 and the ground-side second communication device 82 described later.

[0044] Figure 2 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the controller 22 and devices connected to the controller 22. The controller 22 includes a communication interface 221, a memory 222, and a processor 223. The communication interface 221, the memory 222, and the processor 223 are connected to each other via a signal line.

[0045] The communication interface 221 has an interface circuit for connecting the controller 22 to various devices (such as the inverter 42, the ground sensor 23 described later, the first ground communication device 81, and the second ground communication device 82) constituting the ground power supply device 2. The controller 22 communicates with other devices via the communication interface 221.

[0046] The memory 222 includes, for example, a volatile semiconductor memory (such as RAM), a nonvolatile semiconductor memory (such as ROM), etc. The memory 222 stores computer programs for executing various processes in the processor 223, various data used when the processor 223 executes various processes, etc. The memory 222 stores, for example, a list of vehicle identification information of vehicles that may be powered by the ground power supply device 2 (hereinafter referred to as an "identification information list") and vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 being powered.

[0047] The processor 223 has one or more CPUs (Central Processing Units) and their peripheral circuits. The processor 223 may also have arithmetic circuits such as a logic operation unit or a numerical operation unit. The processor 223 executes various processes according to the computer program stored in the memory 222.

[0048] In addition, if Figure 2 As shown, the ground power supply device 2 is further provided with a ground-side sensor 23. The ground-side sensor 23 detects the state of the ground power supply device 2. In the present embodiment, the ground-side sensor 23 includes, for example, a power transmission device current sensor for detecting the current flowing through various devices of the power transmission device 4 (particularly, the power transmission side resonance circuit 43, the inverter 42, and the power transmission side rectifier circuit 41), a power transmission device voltage sensor for detecting the voltage applied to the various devices of the power transmission device 4, a power transmission device temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the various devices of the power transmission device 4, a foreign matter sensor for detecting foreign matter buried on the road where the power transmission device 4 is embedded, and a biological body sensor for detecting a biological body buried on the road where the power transmission device 4 is embedded. The output of the ground-side sensor 23 is input to the controller 22.

[0049] In addition, the power transmission device 4 may also be configured to be able to receive power from the vehicle 3. In this case, the power transmission device 4 has a device or circuit for supplying the received power to the power source 21, similarly to the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 described later. In this case, the power transmission device 4 may also use a resonator composed of the coil 44 and the capacitor 45 in order to receive power from the vehicle 3.

[0050] <Vehicle Structure>

[0051] On the other hand, vehicle 3 Figure 1 As shown, in addition to the power receiving device 5, the vehicle 3 is provided with a motor 31, a battery 32, a power control unit (PCU) 33, and an electronic control unit (ECU) 34. In the present embodiment, the vehicle 3 is an electric vehicle (EV) in which the motor 31 drives the vehicle 3. However, the vehicle 3 may be a hybrid vehicle (HV) in which the internal combustion engine drives the vehicle 3 in addition to the motor 31.

[0052] The motor 31 is, for example, an AC synchronous motor, and functions as an electric motor and a generator. When the motor 31 functions as an electric motor, it drives the electric power stored in the battery 32 as a power source. The output of the motor 31 is transmitted to the wheels 30 via the speed reducer and the axle. On the other hand, when the vehicle 3 is decelerated, the motor 31 is driven by the rotation of the wheels 30, and the motor 31 functions as a generator to generate regenerative electric power.

[0053] The battery 32 is a rechargeable secondary battery, such as a lithium-ion battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, etc. The battery 32 stores the power required for the vehicle 3 to travel (such as the driving power of the motor 31). The battery 32 is charged when the power received by the power receiving device 5 is supplied from the power transmission device 4. In addition, when the regenerative power generated by the motor 31 is supplied to the battery 32, the battery 32 is charged. When the battery 32 is charged, the charge rate (SOC: State Of Charge) of the battery 32 is restored. In addition, the battery 32 can also be charged by an external power source other than the ground power supply device 2 via the charging port provided in the vehicle 3.

[0054] PCU 33 is electrically connected to the battery 32 and the motor 31. PCU 33 has an inverter, a boost converter, and a DC / DC converter. The inverter converts the DC power supplied from the battery 32 into AC power, and supplies the AC power to the motor 31. On the other hand, the inverter converts the AC power (regenerative power) generated by the motor 31 into DC power, and supplies the DC power to the battery 32. When the boost converter supplies the power stored in the battery 32 to the motor 31, it increases the voltage of the battery 32 as needed. When the DC / DC converter supplies the power stored in the battery 32 to electronic devices such as headlights, it decreases the voltage of the battery 32.

[0055] The power receiving device 5 receives power from the power transmitting device 4 and supplies the received power to the storage battery 32. The power receiving device 5 includes a power receiving side resonance circuit 51, a power receiving side rectification circuit 54, and a charging circuit 55.

[0056] The power receiving side resonance circuit 51 is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle 3 so as to reduce the distance from the road surface. In the present embodiment, the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 is arranged at the center of the vehicle 3 in the vehicle width direction. The power receiving side resonance circuit 51 has the same structure as the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43, and has a resonator composed of a coil 52 and a capacitor 53. Various parameters of the coil 52 and the capacitor 53 (the outer diameter and inner diameter of the coil 52, the number of turns of the coil 52, the electrostatic capacitance of the capacitor 53, etc.) are determined so that the resonance frequency of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 coincides with the resonance frequency of the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43. In addition, as long as the deviation between the resonance frequency of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 and the resonance frequency of the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 is small, for example, as long as the resonance frequency of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 is within the range of ±20% of the resonance frequency of the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43, the resonance frequency of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 does not necessarily have to coincide with the resonance frequency of the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43.

[0057] In such Figure 1When the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 are opposed to each other, if an AC magnetic field is generated by the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43, the vibration of the AC magnetic field is transmitted to the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 which resonates at the same resonance frequency as the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43. As a result, an induced current flows in the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 by electromagnetic induction, and an induced electromotive force is generated in the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 by the induced current. That is, the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 transmits power to the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51, and the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 receives power from the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43.

[0058] The receiving-side rectifier circuit 54 is electrically connected to the receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the charging circuit 55. The receiving-side rectifier circuit 54 rectifies the AC power supplied from the receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and converts it into DC power, and supplies the DC power to the charging circuit 55. The receiving-side rectifier circuit 54 is, for example, an AC / DC converter.

[0059] The charging circuit 55 is electrically connected to the power receiving side rectifier circuit 54 and the battery 32. In particular, it is connected to the battery 32 via the relay 38. The charging circuit 55 converts the DC power supplied from the power receiving side rectifier circuit 54 into the voltage level of the battery 32, and supplies it to the battery 32. When the power transmitted from the power transmitting device 4 is supplied to the battery 32 via the power receiving device 5, the battery 32 is charged. The charging circuit 55 is, for example, a DC / DC converter.

[0060] The ECU 34 performs various controls on the vehicle 3. For example, the ECU 34 is electrically connected to the charging circuit 55 of the power receiving device 5, and controls the charging circuit 55 to control the charging of the battery 32 by the power transmitted from the power transmitting device 4. In addition, the ECU 34 is electrically connected to the PCU 33, and controls the PCU 33 to control the power exchange between the battery 32 and the motor 31. Furthermore, the ECU 34 controls the first vehicle-side communication device 71 and the second vehicle-side communication device 72 described later.

[0061] Figure 3 34 is a schematic configuration diagram of the ECU 34 and devices connected to the ECU 34. The ECU 34 includes a communication interface 341, a memory 342, and a processor 343. The communication interface 341, the memory 342, and the processor 343 are connected to each other via a signal line.

[0062] The communication interface 341 has an interface circuit for connecting the ECU 34 to an in-vehicle network conforming to a standard such as CAN (Controller Area Network). The ECU 34 communicates with other devices via the communication interface 341 .

[0063] The memory 342 includes, for example, a volatile semiconductor memory (eg, RAM) and a nonvolatile semiconductor memory (eg, ROM), and stores computer programs for executing various processes in the processor 343, various data used when the processor 343 executes various processes, and the like.

[0064] The processor 343 has one or more CPUs (Central Processing Units) and their peripheral circuits. The processor 343 may also have arithmetic circuits such as a logic operation unit or a numerical operation unit. The processor 343 executes various processes according to the computer program stored in the memory 342.

[0065] In addition, if Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle 3 further includes a GNSS receiver 35, a storage device 36, a plurality of vehicle-side sensors 37, and a relay 38. The GNSS receiver 35, the storage device 36, the vehicle-side sensors 37, and the relay 38 are electrically connected to the ECU 34 via the in-vehicle network.

[0066] The GNSS receiver 35 detects the current position of the vehicle 3 (e.g., the latitude and longitude of the vehicle 3) based on the positioning information obtained from multiple (e.g., more than three) positioning satellites. Specifically, the GNSS receiver 35 captures multiple positioning satellites and receives radio waves sent from the positioning satellites. Then, the GNSS receiver 35 calculates the distance to the positioning satellite based on the difference between the transmission time and the reception time of the radio wave, and detects the current position of the vehicle 3 based on the distance to the positioning satellite and the position of the positioning satellite (orbital information). The output of the GNSS receiver 35, that is, the current position of the vehicle 3 detected by the GNSS receiver 35, is sent to the ECU 34. As the GNSS receiver 35, for example, a GPS receiver is used.

[0067] The storage device 36 stores data. The storage device 36 includes, for example, a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state drive (SSD), or an optical recording medium. In the present embodiment, the storage device 36 stores map information. In addition to information related to roads, the map information also includes information such as the installation location information of the ground power supply device 2. The ECU 34 obtains the map information from the storage device 36. In addition, the map information may not be included in the storage device 36. In this case, the ECU 34 may also obtain the map information from the outside of the vehicle 3 (for example, the server 91 described later) via the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side.

[0068] The vehicle-side sensor 37 detects the state of the vehicle 3. In the present embodiment, the vehicle-side sensor 37 includes, as sensors for detecting the state of the vehicle 3, a speed sensor for detecting the speed of the vehicle 3, a battery temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the battery 32, a power receiving device temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of various devices of the power receiving device 5 (particularly, the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the power receiving-side rectifier circuit 54), a battery current sensor for detecting the charging current value and the discharging current value of the battery 32, a power receiving device current sensor for detecting the current flowing through the various devices of the power receiving device 5, and a power receiving device voltage sensor for detecting the voltage applied to the various devices of the power receiving device 5. The output of the vehicle-side sensor 37 is input to the ECU 34.

[0069] The relay 38 is disposed between the storage battery 32 and the power receiving device 5, and connects / disconnects the storage battery 32 and the power receiving device 5. When the relay 38 is connected, the power received by the power receiving device 5 is supplied to the storage battery 32. However, when the relay 38 is disconnected, the current does not flow from the power receiving device 5 to the storage battery 32, so the power receiving device 5 cannot substantially receive power.

[0070] In addition, the power receiving device 5 may be configured to be able to transmit power to the ground power supply device 2. In this case, the power receiving device 5 has a structure for transmitting the power of the storage battery 32 to the ground power supply device 2, similarly to the power transmitting device 4 of the ground power supply device 2. In this case, the power receiving device 5 may also use a resonator composed of the coil 52 and the capacitor 53 in order to transmit power to the ground power supply device 2.

[0071] <Structure of lateral deviation detection device>

[0072] In order to efficiently perform contactless power transmission, the positional offset between the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2 and the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 needs to be small. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the contactless power supply system 1 has a lateral offset detection device for detecting the positional offset (hereinafter referred to as "lateral offset") between the power transmission device 4 and the power receiving device 5 in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the vehicle 3. In particular, in the present embodiment, the lateral offset detection device includes an AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 and an AC power generating circuit 64 provided in the vehicle 3, and a magnetic field detector 66 provided in the ground power supply device 2.

[0073] The AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 generates an AC magnetic field (hereinafter referred to as "AC magnetic field for lateral deviation detection") for detecting the relative positional relationship between the power transmitting device 4 (particularly the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43) and the power receiving device 5 (particularly the power receiving side resonance circuit 51). The AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle 3 so as to reduce the distance from the road surface. In the present embodiment, the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 is arranged at the center of the vehicle 3 in the vehicle width direction and is arranged in front of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3. In addition, the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 may be arranged at the same position as the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 or in the rear of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3.

[0074] The AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 has the same structure as the power transmission side resonance circuit 43, and has a resonator composed of a coil 62 and a capacitor 63. Various parameters of the coil 62 and the capacitor 63 (the outer diameter and inner diameter of the coil 62, the number of turns of the coil 62, the electrostatic capacitance of the capacitor 63, etc.) are determined so that the resonance frequency of the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 becomes a predetermined set value. The predetermined set value is set to a value different from the resonance frequency of the power transmission side resonance circuit 43, that is, the resonance frequency of the magnetic field resonance coupling. In addition, the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 does not necessarily need to generate a magnetic field by resonance, so it is not necessary to have the capacitor 63.

[0075] The AC power generation circuit 64 is electrically connected to the battery 32 and the AC magnetic field generation circuit 61. The AC power generation circuit 64 generates AC power and supplies the AC power to the AC magnetic field generation circuit 61. For example, the AC power generation circuit 64 includes an oscillation circuit and an amplifier. The oscillation circuit is composed of, for example, an inverter, and converts the DC power supplied from the battery 32 into AC power of a predetermined frequency. The amplifier amplifies the output power (AC power) of the oscillation circuit.

[0076] like Figure 1 As shown, the AC power generation circuit 64 is electrically connected to the ECU 34, and the ECU 34 controls the AC power generation circuit 64. The AC power generation circuit 64 converts the DC power supplied from the battery 32 into AC power according to the instruction from the ECU 34, and supplies the AC power to the AC magnetic field generation circuit 61.

[0077] The magnetic field detector 66 detects the surrounding magnetic field. The magnetic field detector 66 is, for example, a magneto-impedance (MI) sensor. The driving power of the magnetic field detector 66 is supplied to the magnetic field detector 66 via a driving circuit, for example, from the power supply 21. In addition, the magnetic field detector 66 may also be a Hall sensor, a magnetoresistive (MR) sensor, or the like.

[0078] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of magnetic field detectors 66 installed on a road 100. Figure 4 As shown, the magnetic field detector 66 is arranged in a road where the power transmission device 4 is installed, and is closer to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the power transmission device 4 in the direction of travel of the vehicle 3. In addition, a plurality of magnetic field detectors are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel of the vehicle 3. In particular, in the present embodiment, a plurality of magnetic field detectors 66 are separated from each other in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel of the vehicle 3, for example, are arranged at equal intervals in this direction. In addition, the magnetic field detector 66 is arranged in the ground (under the road surface) or on the road surface. When an AC magnetic field for lateral deviation detection is generated from the vehicle 3 around the magnetic field detector 66, the magnetic field detector 66 detects the AC magnetic field for position deviation detection.

[0079] The magnetic field detector 66 is electrically connected to the controller 22, and the output of the magnetic field detector 66 is sent to the controller 22. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the output from the magnetic field detector 66 is input to the controller 22, and the controller 22 detects whether there is a lateral offset between the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43, that is, whether there is a lateral offset between the power transmitting device 4 and the power receiving device 5 based on the output.

[0080] In the lateral deviation detection device configured in this way, the lateral deviation between the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 in the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the vehicle 3 is detected based on the intensity of the magnetic field detected by the plurality of magnetic field detectors 66 arranged when the vehicle 3 passes over the ground power supply device 2. When the lateral deviation between the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 is small, that is, when the vehicle 3 is traveling near the center of the lane, the intensity of the magnetic field detected by the magnetic field detector 66 arranged in the center of the lane becomes the strongest. On the other hand, when the lateral deviation between the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 is large, that is, when the vehicle 3 is traveling away from the center of the lane, the intensity of the magnetic field detected by the magnetic field detector 66 arranged away from the center of the lane becomes the strongest. In this way, the lateral deviation detection device can detect whether there is a lateral deviation between the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43, that is, whether there is a lateral deviation between the power transmitting device 4 and the power receiving device 5.

[0081] In addition, in the present embodiment, the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 is provided in the vehicle 3, and the magnetic field detector 66 is provided in the ground power supply device 2. However, the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 may be provided in the ground power supply device 2, and the magnetic field detector may be provided in the vehicle 3. In this case, the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 detects whether there is a lateral displacement between the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 based on the output of the magnetic field detector provided in the vehicle 3.

[0082] In addition, in the present embodiment, the lateral deviation detection device uses a magnetic field to detect the presence or absence of lateral deviation. However, the lateral deviation detection device may detect the lateral deviation using other than a magnetic field, for example, a sonar using ultrasonic waves, etc. In addition, in the present embodiment, the lateral deviation detection device detects the presence or absence of lateral deviation, but it may also detect the lateral deviation amount of the vehicle 3 from the center of the lane. In this case, when the lateral deviation amount detected by the lateral deviation detection device is greater than a predetermined reference value, the lateral deviation detection device determines that a lateral deviation has occurred.

[0083] <Structure of communication system>

[0084] In such Figure 1 In the contactless power supply system 1 shown, in order to perform contactless power transmission from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, the ground power supply device 2 needs to identify the vehicle 3 traveling on the power transmission device 4, and needs information such as the requested power supply of the vehicle 3. Therefore, in order to perform the above-mentioned contactless power transmission, various vehicle information including vehicle identification information needs to be sent from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device 2, and the ground power supply device 2 needs to receive the vehicle information sent from the vehicle 3.

[0085] In order to identify the vehicle 3 traveling on the power transmission device 4, the ground power supply device 2 needs to receive vehicle identification information only from the vehicle 3 traveling near the ground power supply device 2. On the other hand, when the speed of the vehicle 3 increases, there is a possibility that all vehicle information including the requested power supply etc. cannot be received from the vehicle 3 while traveling near the ground power supply device 2.

[0086] Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the vehicle 3 is away from the installation position of the ground power supply device 2 to a certain extent, the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information is transmitted from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device through the wide area wireless communication. Then, when the vehicle 3 approaches the installation position of the ground power supply device 2, or when the vehicle 3 reaches the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2, the vehicle identification information is transmitted from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device 2 through the narrow area wireless communication. That is, in the present embodiment, after the vehicle information is transmitted from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device 2 in advance through the wide area wireless communication, the vehicle identification information is transmitted from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device 2 through the narrow area wireless communication.

[0087] Here, the vehicle identification information is information for identifying the vehicle 3 , for example, a vehicle ID. The vehicle identification information is stored in advance in the memory 342 of the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 .

[0088] In addition, the vehicle information is information about the vehicle 3 related to power transmission, including vehicle identification information. The vehicle information includes, for example, the power (or amount of power) requested to be received from the ground power supply device 2, that is, the vehicle requested power (or the vehicle requested power). The vehicle requested power is calculated in the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3. In addition, the vehicle information may also include information related to the state of the vehicle such as the state of the power receiving device 5 (the connection state between the battery 32 and the power receiving device 5), the charge rate SOC of the battery 32, the temperature of the battery 32, and the allowable charging power Win. In this case, in the ECU 34, the charge rate SOC of the battery 32 is calculated based on the charging current value and the discharging current value of the battery 32 detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (battery current sensor). In addition, the temperature of the battery 32 is detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (battery temperature sensor). In addition, the allowable charging power Win represents the maximum value of the charging power used to prevent metallic lithium from being deposited on the negative electrode surface of the lithium-ion battery. In ECU34, the allowable charging power Win is calculated based on the charging history of the battery 32, the charging rate SOC of the battery 32 and the temperature of the battery 32.

[0089] In addition, the vehicle information includes the current position information of the vehicle 3. In the ECU 34, the current position information of the vehicle 3 is calculated based on the output of the GNSS receiver 35. Furthermore, the vehicle information may also include information related to the power receiving device 5, such as various parameters of the coil 44 and the capacitor 45 of the power receiving device 5 (the outer diameter and inner diameter of the coil 44, the number of turns of the coil 44, the electrostatic capacitance of the capacitor 45, etc.), the height of the coil 44 from the ground, and the resonance frequency of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51. The above vehicle information is pre-stored in the memory 342 of the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3. Furthermore, the vehicle information may also include user information required when charging the use fee, such as authentication information for specifying the user's settlement account. The above vehicle information is pre-registered by the user through the input device of the vehicle 3, or by inserting a card with authentication information into a card reader provided in the vehicle 3.

[0090] Figure 5 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system used in the contactless power supply system 1. Figure 3 as well as Figure 5 As shown, the vehicle 3 has a first vehicle-side communication device 71 for performing wide-area wireless communication and a second vehicle-side communication device 72 for performing narrow-area wireless communication. The first vehicle-side communication device 71 and the second vehicle-side communication device 72 are connected to the ECU 34 via the in-vehicle network. Figure 2 as well as Figure 5As shown, the ground power supply device 2 has a ground-side first communication device 81 for performing wide-area wireless communication, and a ground-side second communication device 82 for performing narrow-area wireless communication. These ground-side first communication device 81 and ground-side second communication device 82 are electrically connected to the controller 22 in a wired manner. In particular, in this embodiment, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 and the ground-side first communication device 81 directly or indirectly perform unidirectional or bidirectional communication using wide-area wireless communication. In addition, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 and the ground-side second communication device 82 directly perform unidirectional or bidirectional communication using narrow-area wireless communication.

[0091] Wide-area wireless communication is communication with a longer communication distance than narrow-area wireless communication, specifically, for example, communication with a communication distance of 10 meters to 10 kilometers. As wide-area wireless communication, various wireless communications with long communication distances can be used, for example, communications in accordance with any communication standard such as 4G, LTE, 5G, WiMAX, etc. established by 3GPP and IEEE. As described above, in this embodiment, vehicle information associated with vehicle identification information is sent from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device 2 using wide-area wireless communication.

[0092] In this embodiment, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 of the vehicle 3 and the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 communicate via a server 91. Specifically, the server 91 is connected to a plurality of wireless base stations 93 via a communication network 92 constituted by an optical communication line or the like. The vehicle-side first communication device 71 and the ground-side first communication device 81 communicate with the wireless base station 93 using wide-area wireless communication. Therefore, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 of the vehicle 3 and the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 communicate using wide-area wireless communication.

[0093] In addition, the first ground-side communication device 81 may be connected to the communication network 92 in a wired manner. Therefore, the first ground-side communication device 81 may be connected to the server 91 in a wired manner instead of a wireless manner. In addition, the first vehicle-side communication device 71 may communicate with the first ground-side communication device 81 directly in a wireless manner or via a communication network without passing through the server 91. Therefore, the server 91 communicates with the vehicle 3 through wide area wireless communication, and communicates with the ground power supply device 2 in a wireless or wired manner.

[0094] Figure 6 91 is a diagram schematically showing the hardware structure of the server 91. Figure 6 As shown, the server 91 includes an external communication module 911, a storage device 912, and a processor 913. In addition, the server 91 may include input devices such as a keyboard and a mouse, and output devices such as a display.

[0095] The external communication module 911 communicates with devices (ground power supply device 2, vehicle 3, etc.) outside the server 91. The external communication module 911 has an interface circuit for connecting the server 91 to the communication network 92. The external communication module 911 is configured to be able to communicate with multiple vehicles 3 and ground power supply devices 2 respectively via the communication network 92 and the wireless base station 93.

[0096] The storage device 912 has a volatile semiconductor memory (such as RAM), a nonvolatile semiconductor memory (such as ROM), a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state drive (SSD), or an optical recording medium. The storage device 912 stores computer programs for the processor 913 to perform various processes, and various data used when the processor 913 performs various processes. In addition, in this embodiment, the storage device 912 stores map information. In addition to information related to roads, the map information also includes information such as the installation location information of the ground power supply device 2.

[0097] The processor 913 has one or more CPUs and their peripheral circuits. The processor 913 may also have a GPU or an arithmetic circuit such as a logical operation unit or a numerical operation unit. The processor 913 performs various arithmetic processing according to a computer program stored in the storage device 912 of the server 91.

[0098] Narrow-area wireless communication refers to communication in which the communication distance is shorter than that of wide-area wireless communication, and specifically, for example, refers to communication in which the communication distance is less than 10 meters. As narrow-area wireless communication, various short-range wireless communications with short communication distances can be used, such as communication in accordance with any communication standard established by IEEE, ISO, IEC, etc. (e.g., Bluetooth (registered trademark), ZigBee (registered trademark)). In addition, as a technology for performing narrow-area wireless communication, for example, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), DSRC (dedicated Short Range Communication), etc. are used. As described above, in the present embodiment, vehicle identification information is sent from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device 2 using narrow-area wireless communication.

[0099] In this embodiment, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 of the vehicle 3 and the ground-side second communication device 82 of the ground power supply device 2 communicate directly through narrow-area wireless communication. In this embodiment, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 sends a signal including vehicle identification information, and the ground-side second communication device 82 receives a signal including vehicle identification information.

[0100] The second communication device 72 on the vehicle side has an antenna that generates radio waves or magnetic fields, and a transmission circuit that supplies power or current to the antenna. The transmission circuit has an oscillation circuit, a modulation circuit, and an amplifier circuit. The modulation circuit modulates the carrier generated by the oscillation circuit according to the vehicle identification information, and the modulated carrier is amplified by the amplifier circuit to flow an alternating current (AC power) to the antenna. As a result, radio waves or magnetic fields are generated in the antenna.

[0101] The second ground-side communication device 82 has an antenna for receiving radio waves or magnetic fields, and a receiving circuit for extracting information from the radio waves or magnetic fields received by the antenna. The receiving circuit has an amplifier circuit and a demodulation circuit, and extracts information (here, vehicle identification information) contained in the signal by amplifying the weak current generated by the radio waves or magnetic fields received by the antenna using the amplifier circuit and demodulating the amplified signal using the demodulation circuit.

[0102] In addition, the communication between the vehicle-side second communication device 72 and the ground-side second communication device 82 can be performed by radio waves or by magnetic fields (i.e., by electromagnetic induction). In particular, when the frequency of the carrier wave is low (e.g., 50 Hz to 50 kHz), communication is performed by magnetic fields. In this case, a coil is used as an antenna.

[0103] In addition, in the present embodiment, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 is configured to transmit signals, and the ground-side second communication device 82 is configured to receive signals. However, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 may have a receiving circuit in a manner that allows reception in addition to signal transmission, and the ground-side second communication device 82 may have a transmitting circuit in a manner that allows transmission in addition to signal reception.

[0104] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 and the ground-side second communication device 82 are provided in the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2 as devices independent of the lateral deviation detection device. However, the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 of the lateral deviation detection device may be used as the vehicle-side second communication device 72, and the magnetic field detector 66 of the lateral deviation detection device may be used as the ground-side second communication device 82. In this case, an AC magnetic field is generated by an AC current modulated according to the vehicle identification information in the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61, and the AC current generated by the detected AC magnetic field is demodulated in the magnetic field detector 66 to extract the vehicle identification information. Therefore, in this case, the lateral deviation is detected based on the strength of the magnetic field detected by the magnetic field detector 66, and the vehicle identification information is extracted from the signal contained in the magnetic field detected by the magnetic field detector 66.

[0105] <General flow of power supply>

[0106] Next, a schematic flow of control when contactless power transmission is performed from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 in the contactless power supply system 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.

[0107] When contactless power transmission is performed from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, first, the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 causes the vehicle-side first communication device 71 to transmit the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information to the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2. When the vehicle-side first communication device 71 transmits the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information, the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 receives the vehicle information via wide area wireless communication. In particular, in the present embodiment, the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 receives the vehicle information of the vehicle 3 located in a predetermined vicinity around the ground power supply device 2.

[0108] As described above, the memory 222 of the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 stores an identification information list of the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 that may be supplied with power by the ground power supply device. When the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 receives the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information from the vehicle 3 through the ground-side first communication device 81, the vehicle identification information associated with the vehicle information is registered in the identification information list. In particular, in the present embodiment, the ground-side first communication device 81 receives the vehicle information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity, so the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity is registered in the identification information list.

[0109] When the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 registers at least one vehicle 3 in the identification information list, the ground-side second communication device 82 is operated (set to a "reception standby state" described later) in a manner capable of communicating with the vehicle-side second communication device 72, that is, in a manner capable of receiving the vehicle identification information from the vehicle-side second communication device 72. When the ground-side second communication device 82 is operated in this way, if the vehicle 3 that transmits a signal including the vehicle identification information from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 approaches, the ground-side second communication device 82 can receive the signal including the vehicle identification information transmitted by the vehicle-side second communication device 72.

[0110] In addition, when the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 registers the vehicle identification information in the identification information list, the ground-side first communication device 81 sends a notification to the vehicle 3 identified by the vehicle identification information that the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list. In addition, if the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list as described above, the ground-side second communication device 82 is activated. Therefore, the notification to the effect that the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list can be a notification indicating that the ground-side second communication device 82 is activated or is in operation in a manner that enables the ground power supply device 2 to receive the vehicle identification information using narrow-area wireless communication.

[0111] When the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side receives a notification from the first communication device 81 on the ground side via wide-area wireless communication that the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list, the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 supplies power to the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side to activate it in a manner that enables it to send a signal including the vehicle identification information to the second communication device 82 on the ground side of the ground power supply device 2 when the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2, and supplies power to the power receiving device 5 to activate it in a manner that enables it to receive power from the ground power supply device 2 when the vehicle 3 is traveling on the ground power supply device 2 (hereinafter referred to as "power receiving activation / signal sending state").

[0112] If the vehicle-side second communication device 72 is operated to send a signal including vehicle identification information, and the ground-side second communication device 82 is operated in a manner capable of communicating with the vehicle-side second communication device 72, and the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2, then the ground-side second communication device 82 receives the signal including vehicle identification information sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 of the vehicle 3.

[0113] When the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 receives the vehicle identification information from the ground side second communication device 82, the received vehicle identification information is compared with the identification information list. Then, when the received vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list, power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 in such a manner that power can be transmitted to the vehicle 3 when the vehicle 3 is traveling on the ground power supply device 2 (becoming a "power transmission activation state" described later). If the vehicle 3 moves in the state where power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 and the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 is in operation, and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 is located on the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2, power is supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. Thereafter, if the vehicle 3 moves and the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 leaves the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2, power supply is terminated.

[0114] As described above, in this embodiment, when the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 receives power from the ground power supply device 2, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 sends the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information to the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2. In addition, after the vehicle-side first communication device 71 sends the vehicle information, the ECU 34 causes the vehicle-side second communication device 72 to send the vehicle identification information to the ground-side second communication device 82 of the ground power supply device 2. As a result, the ground power supply device 2 needs to receive only the vehicle identification information via narrow-area wireless communication while the vehicle 3 is traveling near the ground power supply device 2, and does not need to receive other vehicle information via narrow-area wireless communication. Therefore, even if the speed of the vehicle 3 is slightly faster, the required information can be sent to the ground power supply device 2.

[0115] <Communication using wide area wireless communication>

[0116] Next, refer to Figure 7 to Figure 10 , describing the communication among the vehicle 3, the server 91, and the ground power supply device 2 using wide area wireless communication and the operations of the vehicle 3, the server 91, and the ground power supply device 2 related to the communication. Figure 7 This is an operation sequence diagram related to the communication among the vehicle 3, the server 91, and the ground power supply device 2 using wide area wireless communication.

[0117] like Figure 7 As shown, the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 obtains the vehicle information, and causes the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side to send the obtained vehicle information to the server 91 via wide area wireless communication (step S11). As described above, the vehicle information includes vehicle identification information, various parameters of the power receiving device 5, current position information of the vehicle 3, vehicle requested power, and other information of the vehicle 3 related to power transmission. The ECU 34 obtains the vehicle identification information and various parameters of the power receiving device 5 from the memory 342, and obtains the current position information of the vehicle 3 from the GNSS receiver 35. In addition, the ECU 34 calculates the vehicle requested power according to various states of the vehicle 3. Specifically, in the ECU 34, the higher the charge rate SOC of the battery 32, the smaller the vehicle requested power is set, and the higher the temperature of the battery 32, the smaller the vehicle requested power is set.

[0118] In addition, the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 causes the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side to transmit the vehicle information at a predetermined time interval. The time interval is always constant. Alternatively, the time interval may also be changed according to the situation. In this case, specifically, the time interval is set to be shorter as the distance from the current position of the vehicle 3 obtained by the GNSS receiver 35 to the installation position of the ground power supply device 2 stored in the storage device 36 is shorter.

[0119] When the server 91 receives vehicle information from a plurality of vehicles 3 that can communicate with the server 91, the server 91 determines the vehicle identification information of the vehicles 3 located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 based on the current position information of each vehicle 3 included in the vehicle information (step S12). Specifically, the server 91 determines the vehicle identification information of the vehicles 3 located in the predetermined vicinity around each ground power supply device 2 based on the current position information of each vehicle 3 included in the vehicle information received from each vehicle 3 and the installation position information of each ground power supply device 2 stored in the storage device 912 of the server 91.

[0120] The above-mentioned "nearby area" is set, for example, to an area within a predetermined distance (e.g., 500 m) from the target ground power supply device 2. Alternatively, the above-mentioned "nearby area" may be set to an area within a predetermined first distance from the target ground power supply device 2 with respect to a lane in which a vehicle 3 travels toward the ground power supply device 2, and may be set to an area within a predetermined second distance from the target ground power supply device 2 that is shorter than the first distance with respect to a lane in which a vehicle 3 travels away from the ground power supply device 2.

[0121] In addition, the above-mentioned "nearby area" may also be an area that is larger as the speed of the vehicle 3 is faster. Specifically, for example, when a certain area is set as the "predetermined area" for a vehicle 3 whose speed is less than a predetermined reference speed, an area that includes the above-mentioned certain area and is wider than the above-mentioned certain area is set as the "nearby area" for a vehicle whose speed is faster than the predetermined reference speed. In this case, the faster the speed of the vehicle 3, the longer the distance from the current position of the vehicle 3 to the installation position of the ground power supply device 2 when the vehicle-side first communication device 71 transmits vehicle information to the ground power supply device 2 via the server 91 becomes.

[0122] The server 91 specifies the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 at a predetermined time interval. The time interval is preferably about the same as the shortest time interval at which the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 sends the vehicle information to the server 91.

[0123] After determining the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2, the server 91 transmits the vehicle information of the vehicle 3 associated with the determined vehicle identification information to each ground power supply device 2 via the communication network 92 (step S13). Therefore, the vehicle information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2 is transmitted from the server 91 to each ground power supply device 2. The vehicle information transmitted at this time includes, in addition to the vehicle identification information, information required for power supply to the vehicle 3 in the ground power supply device 2.

[0124] When the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 receives vehicle information from the server 91, the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 registers / removes the vehicle identification information to / from the identification information list based on the vehicle identification information associated with the received vehicle information (step S14). Specifically, in the present embodiment, the controller 22 registers / removes the vehicle identification information to / from the identification information list in such a manner that the vehicle identification information associated with the received vehicle information is not insufficiently registered in the identification information list.

[0125] After registering / removing the vehicle identification information from the identification information list, the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 causes the first ground-side communication device 81 to send the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list to the server 91 via the communication network 92 (step S15). The controller 22 sends the vehicle identification information to the server 91 at a predetermined time interval. At this time, the controller 22 sends all the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list. In addition, the controller 22 may also send only the vehicle identification information newly registered in the identification information list and the vehicle identification information removed from the identification information list. In this case, the controller 22 may also send the vehicle identification information to the server 91 instead of at a predetermined time interval, whenever the vehicle identification information recorded in the identification information list changes.

[0126] When the server 91 receives the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list from the ground power supply device 2, it sends a notification (hereinafter referred to as "list registration notification") to the vehicle 3 corresponding to the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list, indicating that the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list (step S16). In the present embodiment, the list registration notification is sent at a certain time interval. The list registration notification may also include the identification information or the installation location information of the ground power supply device 2 whose vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list. As a result, when the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is registered in the identification information list of any ground power supply device 2, the list registration notification is sent to the vehicle 3. On the other hand, when the vehicle identification information list of the vehicle 3 is not registered in the identification information list of any ground power supply device 2, the list registration notification is not sent to the vehicle 3. Therefore, each vehicle 3 can always know which ground power supply device 2 its own vehicle identification information is registered in. In addition, when only the newly registered or removed vehicle identification information is received from the server 91, the server 91 sends a notification indicating that the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list or removed to the vehicle 3 corresponding to the vehicle identification information.

[0127] However, in Figure 7In the action sequence diagram shown, registration / removal of the vehicle identification information to the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 is determined only based on whether the vehicle 3 is located in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, basically, when the vehicle 3 reaches outside the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is removed from the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2. However, registration / removal of the vehicle identification information to the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 may also be performed based on other main reasons. Specifically, for example, when power supply to the vehicle 3 is terminated in a certain ground power supply device 2, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 may be removed from the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2. In addition, when the vehicle 3 requests to remove the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 from the identification information list of a specific ground power supply device 2, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 may be removed from the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2.

[0128] Figure 8 It is related to the communication among the vehicle 3, the server 91 and the ground power supply device 2 using wide area wireless communication. Figure 7 The same action sequence diagram. In particular, Figure 8 The operation after the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is completed is shown.

[0129] After the vehicle 3 has finished receiving power from the ground power supply device 2 (step S21), the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 causes the vehicle-side first communication device 71 to send power reception completion information to the server 91 (step S22). The power reception completion information includes information related to the power reception from the ground power supply device 2. Specifically, the power reception completion information includes, for example, vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3, the power received from the ground power supply device 2, the power reception efficiency, and abnormality detection results related to the power reception of the vehicle 3 during and before and after the power reception. In addition, the power reception completion information may also include the power reception period (for example, the start time and the end time), the amount of power received from the ground power supply device 2, etc. The values ​​of various parameters included in the power reception completion information are calculated by the ECU 34 based on the output of the vehicle-side sensor 37 during the power reception from the ground power supply device 2.

[0130] In addition, after the ground power supply device 2 completes the power supply to the vehicle 3 (step S23), the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 causes the ground-side first communication device 81 to send the power supply completion information to the server 91 (step S24). The power supply completion information includes information related to the power supply to the vehicle 3. Specifically, the power supply completion information includes, for example, identification information of the ground power supply device 2, vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3, the power supply to the vehicle 3, the power supply efficiency, and abnormality detection results related to the power supply to the vehicle 3 during and before and after the power supply. In addition, the power supply completion information may also include the power supply period (for example, the start time and the end time), the power supply amount to the vehicle 3, etc. The controller 22 calculates the values ​​of various parameters included in the power supply completion information based on the output of the ground-side sensor 23 during the power supply to the vehicle 3.

[0131] When receiving the power receiving end information and the power transmission end information of the same period for the same vehicle 3 from the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2, respectively, the server 91 performs power supply end processing for the corresponding power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 (step S25). In the power supply end processing, calculation of the amount of power supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, billing processing to the user of the vehicle 3 based on the calculated amount of power supplied, abnormality diagnosis of the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2 and the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3, etc. are performed based on the power receiving end information and the power transmission end information. For example, the amount of power supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is calculated based on the time lapse of the power received from the ground power supply device 2 and the power transmitted to the vehicle 3. In addition, in the billing processing to the user of the vehicle 3, for example, the user's settlement account is charged according to the amount of power supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. In the abnormality diagnosis of the power transmitting device 4 and the power receiving device 5 , for example, when there is a large difference between the received power included in the power reception completion information and the transmitted power included in the power transmission completion information, it is diagnosed that there is an abnormality in the power transmitting device 4 or the power receiving device 5 .

[0132] In addition, the power supply end processing is performed each time the power supply to the vehicle 3 is completed in one ground power supply device 2, and therefore each time the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 passes over one power transmission device 4. Therefore, in the power supply end processing, the power supply amount and the like are calculated with respect to the power supply to the vehicle 3 in one ground power supply device 2. However, the power supply end processing may be performed each time the power supply to the vehicle 3 is completed in multiple ground power supply devices 2, that is, each time the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 passes over multiple power transmission devices 4. In this case, in the power supply end processing, the total power supply amount and the like supplied to the vehicle 3 in multiple ground power supply devices 2 are calculated.

[0133] Regardless of the power supply end processing, Figure 7Similarly to step S11, the vehicle information is sent from the vehicle 3 to the server 91 (step S26), and Figure 7 Similarly, the server 91 determines the vehicle identification information of the vehicles 3 located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 based on the vehicle information (step S27). Then, when the power supply end process to a certain vehicle 3 has been completed in a certain ground power supply device 2, the server 91 deletes the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 that has been completed from the vehicle identification information of the vehicles 3 in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2 determined in step S27 (step S28).

[0134] After that, the server 91 sends the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 determined to be located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 and not deleted in step S28 to each ground power supply device 2 (step S29). Figure 7 Similarly to step S14, the vehicle identification information is registered / removed from the identification information list (step S30). Figure 7 Similarly to step S15, the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list is sent (step S31), and Figure 7 Similarly to step S16, a list registration notification is sent (step S32).

[0135] Alternatively, the server 91 may receive a request from the vehicle 3 to remove the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 from the identification information list of a specific ground power supply device 2 (for example, referring to Fig.14 In the case of an “identification information removal request” described later, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is deleted from the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2, similarly to step S28.

[0136] As a result, in the Figure 8 In the case of the processing shown, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 that is located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 and has not yet completed the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 and has not made a request for identification information removal is registered in the identification information list. In addition, when the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is registered in the identification information list of any ground power supply device 2, the vehicle 3 receives a list registration notification.

[0137] Fig. 9 1 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing related to communication using wide area wireless communication in the server 91. In the processor 913 of the server 91, at a certain time interval, the execution Fig. 9 Processing shown.

[0138] First, the processor 913 of the server 91 obtains various information received from the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2 (step S41). The various information includes vehicle information received from each vehicle 3 and stored in the storage device 912 of the server 91, and power reception end information associated with the vehicle identification information. In addition, the various information includes power transmission end information associated with the vehicle identification information received from each ground power supply device 2 and stored in the storage device 912 of the server 91.

[0139] Next, the processor 913 of the server 91 determines whether the power receiving end information and the power transmission end information associated with the same vehicle identification information are received from the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2, respectively (step S42). If it is determined in step S42 that the corresponding power receiving end information and the power transmission end information are received, the processor 913 of the server 91 executes the above-mentioned power supply end processing (step S43). On the other hand, if it is determined in step S42 that the corresponding power receiving end information and the power transmission end information are not received, step S43 is skipped.

[0140] Next, the processor 913 of the server 91 determines the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 based on the vehicle information (especially the current location information) of the vehicle 3 obtained in step S41 and the installation location information of each ground power supply device 2 (step S44). The vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 is pre-stored in the storage device 912 of the server 91, for example.

[0141] Next, when the power supply end process to a certain vehicle 3 has been completed in a certain ground power supply device 2, the processor 913 of the server 91 deletes the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 that has completed the power supply end process from the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2 determined in step S44 (step S45). Thereafter, the processor 913 of the server 91 sends the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 determined to be located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 and not deleted in step S45 to each ground power supply device 2 (step S46).

[0142] Fig.10 The flowchart shows the flow of processing related to communication using wide area wireless communication in the ground power supply device 2. In the processor 223 of the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2, each time the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 receives vehicle information associated with vehicle identification information from the server 91, Fig.10 Processing shown.

[0143] When the first communication device 81 on the ground side receives vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2 (step S51), the processor 223 compares the vehicle identification information included in the received vehicle information with the vehicle identification information in the identification information list stored in the memory 342 (step S52).

[0144] Afterwards, the processor 223 compares the vehicle identification information in step S52, and newly registers the vehicle identification information included in the received vehicle information but not registered in the identification information list into the identification information list (step S53). In addition, the processor 223 removes the vehicle identification information that has been registered in the identification information list but is not included in the vehicle identification information included in the vehicle information received from the server 91 from the identification information list (step S54). As a result, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 is always registered in the identification information list. Afterwards, the processor 223 causes the first ground-side communication device 81 to send the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list to the server 91 via the communication network 92 (step S55).

[0145] <Status and Operation of Vehicles and Ground Power Supply Devices Related to Power Supply>

[0146] Next, refer to Figure 11 to Figure 15 , the states and operations of the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2 related to the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 are described.

[0147] First, refer to Fig.11 , a rough transition of the operation and state of the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2 when power is supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 will be described. Fig.11 1 is a diagram schematically showing the movement and state transition of the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2 when the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2 and supplies power. Fig.11 In the example shown, for simplicity of description, the transition is shown when there is only one vehicle 3 and only one ground power supply device 2. Fig.11 In the figure, the rectangle represents the state of the vehicle 3 or the ground power supply device 2, and the rounded square represents the operation of the vehicle 3 or the ground power supply device 2.

[0148] exist Fig.11 In the example shown, in the initial state, the vehicle 3 is quite far away from the ground power supply device 2 and is outside the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is not registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, the list registration notification is not sent to the vehicle 3.

[0149] In this state, power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 has not yet started. Therefore, the state of the vehicle 3 is set to a sleep state in which only standby power is supplied to the power receiving-related equipment and no power is supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72 (step S61). In addition, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is also set to a sleep state in which only standby power is supplied and no power is supplied to the ground-side second communication device 82 (step S81).

[0150] After that, when the vehicle 3 enters the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2, as described above, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 (step S82). In addition, accompanying this, the vehicle 3 receives a list registration notification notifying that the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 (step S62).

[0151] When the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is set to a reception standby state in which power is supplied to the ground-side second communication device 82 (step S83). In the reception standby state, when a signal is transmitted from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 at a distance close to the ground-side second communication device 82, the ground-side second communication device 82 can receive the signal. In addition, when the vehicle 3 receives the list registration notification, the state of the vehicle 3 is set to a power receiving active / signal transmission state in which power is supplied to the power receiving-related equipment of the vehicle 3 and power is supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72 to transmit a signal including the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 (step S63). In the power receiving active / signal transmission state, when the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 of the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 is located on the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 of the power transmitting device 4 of the ground power supply device 2, the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 can receive power from the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43.

[0152] Afterwards, when the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2 and the ground-side second communication device 82 is able to receive the signal sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 (step S64), a signal including vehicle identification information is sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 to the ground-side second communication device 82, and the ground-side second communication device 82 receives the signal sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 (step S84).

[0153] In narrow-area wireless communication, the communication range is narrow, so the ground-side second communication device 82 receives a signal transmitted from the vehicle-side second communication device 72, indicating that the vehicle 3 identified by the received vehicle identification information has arrived near the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the ground-side second communication device 82 receives a signal including the vehicle identification information, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is set to the power transmission activation state (step S85). In the power transmission activation state, weak power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2.

[0154] Thereafter, when the state of the vehicle 3 is set to the power receiving active state and the state of the ground power supply device 2 is set to the power transmission active state, when the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 approaches the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 and is located on the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 (step S65), magnetic field resonance coupling occurs between the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51, and the current flowing through the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 increases. When the current flowing through the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 increases in this way, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is set to the formal power transmission state in which a large amount of electric power is supplied to the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 (step S86). At this time, strong magnetic field resonance coupling occurs between the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51, so that electric power is supplied from the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 to the power receiving side resonance circuit 51, and thus electric power is supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3.

[0155] Thereafter, when the vehicle 3 moves and the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 moves away from the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 (step S66), the magnetic field resonance coupling generated between the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 weakens, and the current flowing through the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 decreases. When the current flowing through the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 decreases, the power supplied to the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 decreases, and the state of the ground power supply device 2 returns to the power transmission active state (step S87).

[0156] After that, when the vehicle 3 further moves away from the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 and the magnetic field resonance coupling between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 disappears, the power reception end process is performed in the vehicle 3 (step S67). In the power reception end process, the values ​​of the parameters constituting the power reception end information are calculated, and the calculated power reception end information is transmitted from the vehicle 3 to the server 91. In addition, at this time, the power transmission end process is performed in the ground power supply device 2 (step S88). In the power transmission end process, the values ​​of the parameters constituting the power transmission end information are calculated, and the calculated power transmission end information is transmitted from the ground power supply device 2 to the server 91. In the ground power supply device 2, after the power transmission end process is performed, the supply of current to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 is stopped, and the state of the ground power supply device 2 is set to the reception standby state again (step S89).

[0157] After that, after the vehicle 3 exits the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2, as described above, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is removed from the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 (step S90). In addition, accompanying this, the vehicle 3 no longer receives the list registration notification notifying that the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 (step S68). When the crew identification information of the vehicle 3 is removed from the identification information list, there is no vehicle 3 that needs to be powered near the ground power supply device 2, so the state of the ground power supply device 2 returns to the sleep state (step S91). In addition, when the vehicle 3 no longer receives the list registration notification, there is no ground power supply device 2 near the vehicle 3, so the state of the vehicle 3 also returns to the sleep state (step S69).

[0158] <State and Operation Transition of Ground Power Supply Device>

[0159] Next, refer to Fig.12 as well as Fig.13 , explaining the state of the ground power supply device 2 and the transition of its action. Fig.12 as well as Fig.13 2 is a diagram schematically showing the state and operation transition of the ground power supply device 2. In particular, Fig.12 The state and operation transition when the vehicle 3 is not located near the ground power supply device 2, specifically, the state and operation transition between the sleep state and the reception standby state. Fig.13 The state and action transition when the vehicle 3 is located near the ground power supply device 2 are shown, specifically, the state and action transition between the reception standby state, the power transmission active state, the formal power transmission state, and the ready state. Fig.12 as well as Fig.13 In FIG. 1 , the rectangular shape also indicates the state of the ground power supply device 2 , and the rounded square shape indicates the operation of the ground power supply device 2 .

[0160] The state of the ground power supply device 2 is Fig.12 The sleep state shown (A11. Fig.11 , and the state in step S81 and step S91), only standby power is supplied to the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, at this time, only the necessary minimum standby power is supplied to the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2, and no power is supplied to other devices related to power transmission to the vehicle 3. For example, no power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43, the ground side second communication device 82, the ground side sensor 23, and the magnetic field detector 66, and only a small amount of power is supplied to the controller 22. Therefore, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the sleep state, the power consumption caused by the devices related to power transmission of the ground power supply device 2 is small. However, even when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the sleep state, power is supplied to the ground side first communication device 81. Therefore, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2 can be received from the server 91.

[0161] When the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the sleep state (A11), the ground side first communication device 81 receives the vehicle information, and when the vehicle identification information included in the vehicle information is registered in the identification information list (C11), the ground power supply device 2 starts to supply power to the devices related to power transmission, these devices are started, and self-diagnosis of these devices is performed (B12). Specifically, sufficient power is supplied to the controller 22 for the controller 22 to fully operate, and power is supplied to the ground side second communication device 82, the ground side sensor 23, the magnetic field detector 66, etc. In addition, a self-diagnosis program is executed in the controller 22, and self-diagnosis of the controller 22, the ground side second communication device 82, and the ground side sensor 23, etc. is performed.

[0162] After the startup and self-diagnosis of the equipment are completed (C12), the state of the ground power supply device 2 changes to the reception standby state (A13. Fig.11The state in steps S83 and S89 of the ground power supply device 2 is shown in FIG. 1 . When the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the receiving standby state (A13), power is supplied to the ground-side second communication device 82, and the ground-side second communication device 82 can receive the signal. In addition, in the present embodiment, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the receiving standby state, sufficient power is also supplied to the controller 22, the ground-side sensor 23, and the magnetic field detector 66, etc. Therefore, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the receiving standby state, if a signal is sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 at a distance close to the ground-side second communication device 82, the ground-side second communication device 82 can receive the signal. On the other hand, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the receiving standby state (A13), power is not supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, even if it is assumed that the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 is close to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2, power is not supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. Furthermore, when the ground power supply device 2 is in the reception standby state, no power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2, so the power consumption of the ground power supply device 2 is not that large.

[0163] When the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the receiving standby state (A13), when no vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 (C13), the vehicle 3 has not yet come near the ground power supply device 2, so the state of the ground power supply device 2 returns to the sleep state (A11).

[0164] On the other hand, Fig.13 As shown, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the receiving standby state (A13), if the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2, the ground-side second communication device 82 of the ground power supply device 2 receives the signal including the vehicle identification information sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 (C14). When the ground-side second communication device 82 receives the signal including the vehicle identification information, the vehicle identification information included in the signal is stored in the memory 222 of the controller 22 as the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 being powered. In addition, the vehicle identification information included in the signal is compared with the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list stored in the memory 222 (B14).

[0165] The vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is sent to the ground power supply device 2 in advance via the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side and the first communication device 81 on the ground side, so the vehicle identification information included in the signal sent from the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side is basically registered in the identification information list. However, there are cases where the above-mentioned vehicle identification information is not registered in the identification information list in advance due to, for example, a failure of the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side. In the case where the vehicle identification information is not registered in the identification information list in this way (C19), power is not supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, and a power supply termination process (B19) is performed to terminate the power supply. In addition, in the comparison between the vehicle identification information included in the signal and the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list, when the termination condition described later is met (C19), a power supply termination process (B19) is also performed to terminate the power supply. The details of the power supply termination process will be described later.

[0166] On the other hand, as a result of the comparison, when the vehicle identification information included in the signal received from the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side is registered in the identification information list (C15), then the lateral displacement detection device detects whether there is a lateral displacement between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power reception side resonance circuit 51 (B15). When a lateral displacement occurs between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power reception side resonance circuit 51, the power supply efficiency between them decreases. Therefore, when the lateral displacement detection device detects that a lateral displacement occurs between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power reception side resonance circuit 51 (C20), the ground power supply device 2 does not supply power to the vehicle 3, and the power transmission termination process of terminating the power transmission is performed (B19). In addition, in the detection of the presence or absence of the lateral displacement by the lateral displacement detection device, when the termination condition described later is satisfied (C20), the power transmission termination process of terminating the power transmission is also performed (B19).

[0167] On the other hand, when the lateral deviation detection device detects that no lateral deviation occurs between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 (C16), it is determined whether the interruption condition described later is met. When the interruption condition is not met (C18), the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched from the receiving standby state (A13) to the power transmission active state (A16). Fig.11 of steps S85 and S87).

[0168] When the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the power transmission active state (A16), power is supplied to the ground side second communication device 82, the controller 22, the ground side sensor 23, the magnetic field detector 66, etc., similarly to when it is in the reception standby state (A13). In addition, at this time, weak power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2. By supplying weak power to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43, when the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 approaches the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 and is located on the power transmission side resonance circuit 43, magnetic field resonance coupling is generated between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51, and the current flowing in the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 increases.

[0169] Therefore, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the power transmission active state (A16), when the current flowing through the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 increases (C21), it means that the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 has moved to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, in this case, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched to the formal power transmission state (A17. Fig.11 status in step S86).

[0170] When the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the formal power transmission state (A17), power is supplied to the ground side second communication device 82, the controller 22, the ground side sensor 23, the magnetic field detector 66, etc., similarly to the reception standby state (A13). In addition, at this time, in order to transmit power to the vehicle 3, a larger power than that in the power transmission active state (A16) is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2. As a result, a strong magnetic field resonance coupling is generated between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51, and a large power is supplied from the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2 to the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3. In particular, in the present embodiment, the power supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 at this time is set according to the requested power supply power included in the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information. Specifically, the larger the requested power supply power is, the larger the power supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 becomes. The requested power supply power changes in the power supply from the power transmission device 4 to the power reception device 5 when, for example, the speed of the vehicle 3 is low and the time for which the power reception side resonance circuit 51 is located on the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 is long. In this case, the power supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 also changes in accordance with the change in the requested power supply power.

[0171] When the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the formal power transmission state (A17), if the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 is separated from the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2, the current flowing through the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 decreases as described above. When the current flowing through the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 decreases in this way (C22), the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched from the formal power transmission state (A17) to the power transmission active state (A16). In addition, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the formal power transmission state, when the end condition described later is satisfied or when the interruption condition described later is satisfied, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is also switched to the power transmission active state (A16). As a result, when the end condition is satisfied and the power transmission is terminated or when the interruption condition is satisfied and the power transmission is interrupted, the state of the ground power supply device 2 temporarily becomes the power transmission active state (A16), so that the power supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 is suppressed from rapidly decreasing to zero. Therefore, the load on the power-transmitting-side resonant circuit 43 and other devices caused by the power supplied to the power-transmitting-side resonant circuit 43 being suddenly reduced to zero is reduced.

[0172] When the interruption condition is met (C23) when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the power transmission activation state (A16), or when the interruption condition is met when the lateral deviation detection device detects that no lateral deviation occurs (C17), the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched to the ready state (A18).

[0173] The ready state of the ground power supply device 2 is basically the same as the reception standby state. Therefore, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the ready state (A18), sufficient power is supplied to the ground side second communication device 82, the controller 22, the ground side sensor 23, and the magnetic field detector 66, etc., while no power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43. Therefore, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the ready state (A18), power is not supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, and the power consumption is not so large as in the reception standby state.

[0174] Here, the interruption condition is a condition that requires temporarily interrupting the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. Specific examples of the interruption conditions are listed below. All the interruption conditions listed below may be used, or some of the interruption conditions may not be used. In this embodiment, when any of the following interruption conditions is met, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched to the ready state (A18).

[0175] The first interruption condition is that the lateral displacement detection device detects lateral displacement between the power transmission-side resonance circuit 43 and the power reception-side resonance circuit 51. As described above, when lateral displacement occurs, the power supply efficiency decreases, so when lateral displacement is detected, power supply is interrupted.

[0176] Here, as described above, when the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2, the lateral deviation detection device also performs lateral deviation detection (B15). In this case, there is a possibility that the receiving-side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 is greatly deviated from the transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2. In contrast, when the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2, once it is detected that no lateral deviation has occurred (C16), even if a lateral deviation occurs between the receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 later, it is difficult to cause a large lateral deviation. Therefore, the detection of the lateral deviation between the receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 by the lateral deviation detection device becomes an interruption condition rather than a termination condition for terminating power transmission. However, the detection of the lateral deviation can also become a termination condition for terminating power transmission.

[0177] The second interruption condition is the disconnection of the communication between the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 and the server 91. Here, the ground-side first communication device 81 regularly communicates with the server 91, for example, to receive vehicle information (especially request for power supply, etc.) of the vehicle 3 being powered. Then, the ground power supply device 2 transmits power to the vehicle 3 based on the received vehicle information. Therefore, when the vehicle information of the vehicle 3 cannot be received, the ground power supply device 2 cannot properly control the power supply. Therefore, when the communication is disconnected, the power supply to the vehicle 3 is temporarily interrupted.

[0178] The third interruption condition is that the temperature of the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2, in particular, the temperature of the power transmission side rectifier circuit 41, the inverter 42 or the power transmission side resonant circuit 43 is above a predetermined interruption reference temperature. In order to prevent the temperature of the power transmission device 4 from becoming too high, when the above interruption condition is met, the power transmission to the vehicle 3 is temporarily interrupted. The temperature of the power transmission device 4 is detected by the ground side sensor 23 (power transmission device temperature sensor).

[0179] The fourth interruption condition is that the speed of the vehicle 3 traveling on the power transmission device 4 is greater than or equal to a predetermined interruption reference speed. When the speed of the vehicle 3 is greater than or equal to the interruption reference speed, the power supply efficiency decreases, so when the above interruption condition is satisfied, the power supply to the vehicle 3 is temporarily interrupted. For example, the speed of the vehicle 3 is calculated based on the change in the power supplied from the power transmission device 4 to the power receiving device 5.

[0180] The fifth interruption condition is the detection of a foreign object or a living body on the road where the power transmission device 4 is embedded. When a foreign object or a living body is present on the power transmission device 4, the AC magnetic field generated by the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 changes, and there is a possibility that the power supply efficiency will decrease. Therefore, when the above interruption condition is met, the power supply to the vehicle 3 is temporarily interrupted. The foreign object or living body on the road where the power transmission device 4 is embedded is detected by the ground side sensor 23 (foreign object sensor, living body sensor).

[0181] The sixth interruption condition is that the power (or current, voltage) supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the power transmission device 4 is equal to or greater than a predetermined interruption reference value. When the power supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 becomes too large, there is a possibility that an abnormality has occurred in the power transmission side resonance circuit 43, so when the above interruption condition is met, the power transmission to the vehicle 3 is temporarily interrupted. The power supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 is calculated based on the output of the ground side sensor 23 (power transmission device current sensor, power transmission device voltage sensor).

[0182] When the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the ready state (A18) and none of the above interruption conditions is satisfied (C24), the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched to the power transmission active state (A16).

[0183] When the termination condition is satisfied (C25) when the ground power supply device 2 is in the power transmission active state (A16), or when the termination condition is satisfied (C26) when the ground power supply device 2 is in the ready state (A18), the power transmission termination process (B19) is performed. Fig.11 ) of the action in step S88.

[0184] In the power transmission end processing, the power transmission end information is sent from the ground side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 to the server 91. The power transmission end information includes information related to the power transmission to the vehicle 3 as described above. The values ​​of various parameters included in the power transmission end information are calculated based on the output of the ground side sensor 23, etc. In addition, in the power transmission end processing, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 in the power supply stored in the memory 222 of the ground power supply device 2 by the action represented by B14 is removed from the memory 222. When the power transmission end processing is completed, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched to the reception standby state (A13).

[0185] Here, the termination condition is a condition that requires the termination of power transmission from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. Specific examples of the termination conditions are listed below. All of the termination conditions listed below may be used, or some of the termination conditions may not be used. In this embodiment, when any one of the following termination conditions is met, the power transmission termination process is performed.

[0186] The first termination condition is to detect that the vehicle 3 approaching the ground power supply device 2 has left the ground power supply device 2. When the vehicle 3 has passed the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2, power is no longer transmitted from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, so when the above-mentioned termination condition is met, the power transmission to the vehicle 3 is terminated. The departure of the vehicle 3 from the ground power supply device 2 is detected by an arbitrary technique. Specifically, for example, the departure of the vehicle 3 from the ground power supply device 2 is detected by the ground-side second communication device 82 no longer receiving the signal sent by the vehicle-side second communication device 72. In addition, for example, it is also possible to detect that the vehicle 3 has left the ground power supply device 2 by configuring a magnetic field detector used in a lateral deviation detection device behind the power transmission device 4 in the direction of travel of the vehicle 3, and using the magnetic field detector to detect the AC magnetic field generated from the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 of the vehicle 3.

[0187] The second termination condition is that the ground-side second communication device 82 of the ground power supply device 2 receives a signal including vehicle identification information different from the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 being supplied with power stored in the memory 222 of the ground power supply device 2 in the operation indicated by B14 via narrow-area wireless communication. In other words, the second termination condition is that the ground-side second communication device 82 receives vehicle identification information of a vehicle different from the vehicle 3 being supplied with power. The above termination condition is satisfied, for example, when the distance between the preceding vehicle being supplied with power and the following vehicle before supplying power is close.

[0188] According to the second end condition, when the ground-side second communication device 82 receives vehicle identification information from the second vehicle 3 during power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the first vehicle 3, the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 stops power supply to the first vehicle 3 when the ground-side second communication device 82 receives vehicle identification information from the second vehicle 3. In other words, when the ground-side second communication device 82 receives vehicle identification information from each of the first vehicle 3 during power supply and the second vehicle 3 before power supply, the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 stops power supply to the first vehicle 3 when the ground-side second communication device 82 receives vehicle identification information from the second vehicle 3. As a result, the vehicle identification information of the first vehicle 3 can be deleted from the memory 222 before power supply to the second vehicle 3 is started, and the delay in the start timing of power supply to the second vehicle 3 due to power supply to the first vehicle 3 can be suppressed. Therefore, when there are a plurality of vehicles 3 near the ground power supply device 2, the power supply object using the ground power supply device 2 can be smoothly switched.

[0189] In addition, in the present embodiment, the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 starts supplying power to the second vehicle 3 when a predetermined start condition is satisfied after the ground-side second communication device 82 receives the vehicle identification information from the second vehicle 3. By intermittently supplying power to a plurality of vehicles 3 from the ground power supply device 2 in this way, it is possible to start supplying power to the subsequent vehicles at an appropriate timing with high power supply efficiency, and even to suppress power waste in the ground power supply device 2. In the present embodiment, the predetermined start condition includes that the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the second vehicle 3 do not have lateral displacement, and the above-mentioned interruption condition does not satisfy.

[0190] In addition, when the ground-side second communication device 82 receives vehicle identification information from the second vehicle 3 during power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the first vehicle 3, the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 stops power supply to the first vehicle 3 when the vehicle identification information of the second vehicle 3 is registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2, and continues power supply to the first vehicle 3 when the vehicle identification information of the second vehicle 3 is not registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2. Thus, it is possible to suppress a reduction in the amount of power supplied to the first vehicle 3 during power supply in response to power supply to the second vehicle 3 that is not scheduled to be supplied from the ground power supply device 2.

[0191] The third termination condition is that the time elapsed from the registration of the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 being powered on into the memory 222 of the ground power supply device 2 is longer than the predetermined termination reference time. When the elapsed time is too long, there is a possibility that an abnormality such as the ground power supply device 2 failing to detect that the vehicle 3 has left is generated, so when the above termination condition is satisfied, the power supply to the vehicle 3 is terminated. In addition, the third termination condition may be any other condition as long as it indicates that the vehicle 3 occupies the power supply device of the ground power supply device 2 for a long time. Therefore, for example, the third termination condition may also be that the time during which the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the power supply active state or the ready state during the elapsed time from the registration of the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 being powered on into the memory 222 is longer than the predetermined time.

[0192] The fourth termination condition is that a failure has occurred in a device related to the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. When a failure has occurred in the ground power supply device 2, it is impossible to properly supply power from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, so when the above termination condition is satisfied, the power transmission to the vehicle 3 is terminated. For example, the failure of the ground power supply device 2 is detected by self-diagnosis of the device related to the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 (also performed in the action indicated by B12).

[0193] The fifth termination condition is that there is a termination request from outside the contactless power supply system 1. For example, when road construction starts near the ground power supply device 2 or a disaster occurs, a termination request is sent from outside the contactless power supply system 1 to the ground power supply device 2. The termination request is sent from the system outside the contactless power supply system 1 to the server 91, and from the server 91 to the first communication device 81 on the ground side.

[0194] The sixth termination condition is that the coupling coefficient between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 is greater than a predetermined reference value, or the power transmitted from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is greater than a predetermined termination reference value. Here, when the coupling coefficient is very large or the power transmitted is very large, there is a possibility that an excessive current flows through the power transmission device 4 and the power receiving device 5. Therefore, when the coupling coefficient is greater than the reference value or the power transmitted is greater than the reference value, the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is terminated, and the excessive current flowing through the power transmission device 4 and the power receiving device 5 is suppressed. For example, the power transmitted from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is calculated based on the output of the ground side sensor 23 (power transmission device current sensor and power transmission device voltage sensor).

[0195] The seventh termination condition is that the charge amount to the user of the vehicle 3 calculated based on the power transmitted from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 becomes greater than a predetermined upper limit charge amount. The controller calculates the charge amount to the user based on the change of the power transmitted to the vehicle 3 and the fee per unit of power at that time. In addition, the upper limit charge amount may be a predetermined fixed value or a value set by the user of the vehicle 3. In the case of a value set by the user, the upper limit charge amount is included in the vehicle information transmitted from the vehicle 3.

[0196] The eighth termination condition is receiving a power transmission stop request described later from the vehicle 3. As described later, when a termination condition or a disconnection condition for stopping or disconnecting power reception by the power receiving device 5 in the vehicle 3 is satisfied, a power transmission stop request is transmitted from the vehicle-side first communication device 71 of the vehicle 3. When the termination condition or the disconnection condition is satisfied, power is no longer received in the vehicle 3, and therefore it is not necessary to maintain the ground power supply device 2 in a state capable of transmitting power to the vehicle 3, so power transmission to the vehicle 3 is terminated.

[0197] The state and operation of the ground power supply device 2 are controlled by the controller 22. Therefore, for example, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the ready state, the controller 22 determines whether the interruption condition is satisfied and whether the end condition is satisfied based on the output of the ground sensor 23. Then, when the controller 22 determines that the interruption condition is not satisfied, it controls the inverter 42 so as to supply a weak current to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43.

[0198] <Vehicle Status and Movement Transition>

[0199] Next, refer to Fig.14 as well as Fig.15 , explaining the state of vehicle 3 and the transition of its actions. Fig.14 3 is a diagram schematically showing the state and transition of the movement of the vehicle 3. Fig.14 In FIG. 1 , the rectangular shape also represents the state of the vehicle 3 , and the rounded square shape represents the action of the vehicle 3 .

[0200] like Fig.14 As shown, the state of the vehicle 3 may be two sleep states: a first sleep state (A31) and a second sleep state (A35). Fig.11 ). When the state of the vehicle 3 is in the first sleep state (A31), only standby power is supplied to the equipment related to the power reception of the vehicle 3. Therefore, at this time, only the necessary minimum standby power is supplied to the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3, and no power is supplied to other equipment related to the power reception from the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, for example, no power is supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72, the AC power generation circuit 64, and the vehicle-side sensor 37, and only a small amount of power is supplied to the ECU 34. Therefore, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the first sleep state (A31), the power consumption caused by the equipment related to the power reception of the vehicle 3 is small. However, even when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the first sleep state (A31), power is supplied to the vehicle-side first communication device 71. Therefore, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 is able to receive a list registration notification from the server 91 notifying that the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 has been registered in the identification information list of any ground power supply device 2.

[0201] In the first sleep state (A31), the relay 38 is connected between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32. Therefore, when the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 are connected and the power receiving device 5 receives power, the power is supplied to the battery 32.

[0202] When the vehicle 3 is in the first sleep state (A31), the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side receives a list registration notification notifying that the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 has been registered in the identification information list of any ground power supply device 2 and the suspension condition and disconnection condition described later are not satisfied (C31), and starts supplying power to the devices of the vehicle 3 related to receiving power from the ground power supply device 2, and these devices are started, and self-diagnosis of these devices is performed (B32). Specifically, sufficient power is supplied to the ECU 34 for the ECU 34 to fully operate, and power is supplied to the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side, the AC power generation circuit 64, and the vehicle side sensor 37. In addition, a self-diagnosis program is executed in the ECU 34, and self-diagnosis of the ECU 34, the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side, the AC power generation circuit 64, and the vehicle side sensor 37 is performed.

[0203] After the startup and self-diagnosis of the equipment are completed, the state of the vehicle 3 becomes the power reception active state (A33) or the power reception active / signal transmission state (A34). Fig.11 When the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving active state (A33) or the power receiving active / signal transmission state (A34), sufficient power is supplied to the ECU 34 and the vehicle-side sensor 37, etc.

[0204] Therefore, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving active state (A33) or the power receiving active / signal transmission state (A34), if the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 approaches the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 and is located on the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43, strong magnetic field resonance coupling is generated between the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51, and a large amount of electric power is received from the ground power supply device 2. On the other hand, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving active state (A33) or the power receiving active / signal transmission state (A34), from the state in which strong magnetic field resonance coupling is generated between the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51, when the vehicle 3 moves and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 moves away from the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43, the magnetic field resonance coupling is released and the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is terminated.

[0205] In addition, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation state (A33), power is not supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72 and the AC power generating circuit 64. Therefore, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 cannot send a signal including the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3. In addition, the AC power generating circuit 64 cannot generate an AC magnetic field for lateral deviation detection. On the other hand, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation / signal transmission state (A34), power is supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72 and the AC power generating circuit 64. Therefore, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 sends a signal including the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3, and the AC power generating circuit 64 generates an AC magnetic field for lateral deviation detection. Therefore, if the vehicle 3 is traveling near the ground power supply device 2 at this time, a signal including the vehicle identification information is sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 to the ground-side second communication device 82.

[0206] Furthermore, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving active state (A33), power is not supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72 and the AC power generating circuit 64, so the power consumption of the vehicle 3 is not that large. On the other hand, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving active / signal transmission state (A34), power is supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72 and the AC power generating circuit 64, so the power consumption is greater than that in the power receiving active state (A33).

[0207] When the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving active state (A33), if none of the transmission stop conditions are satisfied (C33), the state of the vehicle 3 is switched to the power receiving active / signal transmission state (A34). On the other hand, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving active / signal transmission state (A34), if the transmission stop conditions are satisfied (C34), the state of the vehicle 3 is switched to the power receiving active state (A33).

[0208] Here, the transmission stop condition is a condition that requires temporarily stopping the signal transmission from the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side. By temporarily stopping the signal transmission from the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side, the signal including the vehicle identification information is no longer sent to the second communication device 82 on the ground side, and thus the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2 is no longer performed. Specific examples of the transmission stop condition are listed below. All of the transmission stop conditions listed below may be used, or some of the transmission stop conditions may not be used. In the present embodiment, when any one of the following transmission stop conditions is met, the state of the vehicle 3 is set to the power receiving activation state (A33), and when any one of them is not met, the state of the vehicle 3 is set to the power receiving activation / signal transmission state (A34).

[0209] The first transmission stop condition is to implement other processing in the vehicle 3 to flow a large amount of power into the battery 32. When the battery 32 is rapidly charged by a method other than contactless power transmission, it is difficult to simultaneously supply power to the battery 32 based on contactless power transmission, so in order to temporarily stop the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2, the signal transmission is temporarily stopped. As the above-mentioned other processing, for example, when the vehicle 3 is a hybrid vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine, the start or stop of the internal combustion engine can be cited. Regarding the above-mentioned other processing, for example, it is detected based on the output of the vehicle-side sensor 37 provided in the vehicle 3 or the control instruction from the ECU 34 to the internal combustion engine, etc.

[0210] The second transmission stop condition is that the vehicle 3 is in emergency braking. When the vehicle 3 is in emergency braking, the battery 32 is charged by regenerative power, so it is difficult to efficiently supply power to the battery 32 at the same time based on contactless power transmission, so in order to temporarily stop the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2, the signal transmission is temporarily stopped. For example, it is detected whether the vehicle 3 is in emergency braking based on the amount of depression of the brake pedal of the vehicle 3, etc.

[0211] The third transmission stop condition is that the vehicle 3 is changing lanes. When the vehicle 3 is changing lanes, even if the vehicle 3 is traveling near the ground power supply device 2, the lateral deviation of the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 is large, so in order to temporarily stop the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2, the signal transmission is temporarily stopped. For example, based on an image captured by a front camera (not shown) installed in the vehicle 3, it is detected that the vehicle 3 is changing lanes.

[0212] The fourth transmission stop condition is that the vehicle 3 approaches the left and right dividing lines or emerges from the left and right dividing lines. Even in this case, even if the vehicle 3 is traveling near the ground power supply device 2, the lateral displacement of the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power reception side resonance circuit 51 is large, so in order to temporarily stop the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2, the signal transmission is temporarily stopped. For example, based on an image captured by a front camera (not shown) installed in the vehicle 3, it is detected whether the vehicle 3 approaches the left and right dividing lines or emerges from the dividing lines.

[0213] The fifth transmission stop condition is that when a magnetic field detector of a lateral deviation detection device is provided in the vehicle 3, the lateral deviation detection device detects a lateral deviation between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power reception side resonance circuit 51. As described above, when a lateral deviation occurs, the power supply efficiency decreases, so when the lateral deviation is detected, the signal transmission is temporarily stopped in order to temporarily stop the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2.

[0214] The sixth transmission stop condition is that the communication between the vehicle-side first communication device 71 of the vehicle 3 and the server 91 is disconnected for less than a certain period of time. Here, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 regularly communicates with the server 91, for example, to transmit vehicle information of the vehicle 3 being powered (especially requesting power supply, etc.). Then, when the vehicle information of the vehicle 3 cannot be transmitted, the power supply cannot be properly controlled. Therefore, when the communication is disconnected, in order to temporarily stop the power supply from the ground power supply device 2, the signal transmission is temporarily stopped.

[0215] In addition, when a magnetic field detector of a lateral deviation detection device is provided in the vehicle 3 and a magnetic field generating circuit is embedded to a certain extent in front of the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2 in the traveling direction of the vehicle 3, the magnetic field detector can be used to detect the approach of the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device 2. In such a case, the fact that the magnetic field detector of the ground power supply device 2 does not detect the approach of the vehicle 3 to the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2 can also be used as a transmission stop condition (the seventh transmission stop condition). In this way, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 can send a signal only when the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2.

[0216] When the status of vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation state (A33) or the power receiving activation / signal sending state (A34), if the vehicle side first communication device 71 of vehicle 3 cannot receive the list registration notification, that is, if the vehicle identification information of vehicle 3 is not registered in the identification information list of any ground power supply device 2 (C35), the status of vehicle 3 returns to the first sleep state (A31).

[0217] On the other hand, when the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation state (A33) or the power receiving activation / signal sending state (A34), when the termination condition described later is met and the power receiving device 5 is not receiving power from the power transmitting device 4 of the ground power supply device 2, or when the disconnection condition described later is met (C36), an identification information removal request and a power transmission stop request are sent from the vehicle side first communication device 71 to the server 91 or even to the corresponding ground power supply device 2.

[0218] The identification information removal request is a request to remove the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 from the identification information list of the corresponding ground power supply device 2. The ground power supply device 2 that is the object of the removal request may be all the ground power supply devices 2 whose vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is registered in the identification information list, or may be only the ground power supply device 2 located near the current position of the vehicle 3. The ground power supply device 2 that receives the identification information removal request removes the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 from the identification information list stored in the memory 222 of the ground power supply device 2.

[0219] The power supply stop request is a request to stop supplying power from the corresponding ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. The ground power supply device 2 to which the stop request is directed is a ground power supply device 2 located near the current position of the vehicle 3. The ground power supply device 2 that receives the power supply stop request stops supplying power to the vehicle 3.

[0220] By sending an identification information removal request and a power supply stop request to the ground power supply device 2 in this way, there is no need to unnecessarily switch the state of the ground power supply device 2 from the sleep state (A11) to the reception standby state (A13) and the power supply active state (A16), thereby suppressing the power consumption of the ground power supply device 2.

[0221] When the identification information removal request and the power transmission stop request are sent from the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side (B13), if the disconnection condition is satisfied (C37), the state of the vehicle 3 is switched to the second sleep state (A35). In addition, when the state of the vehicle is in the first sleep state (A31), if the disconnection condition is satisfied (C38), the state of the vehicle 3 is also switched to the second sleep state (A35).

[0222] When the vehicle 3 is in the second sleep state (A35), similarly to the first sleep state (A31), only standby power is supplied to the vehicle 3. However, when the vehicle 3 is in the second sleep state (A35), the relay 38 is disconnected. Therefore, the connection between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 is disconnected, and the power receiving device 5 cannot substantially receive power.

[0223] When the cutoff condition is no longer satisfied ( C39 ) while the state of the vehicle 3 is in the second sleep state ( A35 ), the state of the vehicle 3 switches to the first sleep state ( A31 ).

[0224] Here, the cut-off condition is a condition that, in addition to stopping the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, it is also necessary to cut off the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32. Specific examples of the cut-off conditions are listed below. All of the cut-off conditions listed below may be used, or some of the cut-off conditions may not be used. In this embodiment, when any of the following cut-off conditions is met, the state of the vehicle 3 is set to the second sleep state (A35).

[0225] The first disconnection condition is that the charge rate SOC of the battery 32 is greater than the charge rate limit value. The charge rate limit value is a predetermined value such that it is difficult to charge the battery 32 due to the structure of the battery 32, for example, greater than 95%. When the charge rate SOC of the battery 32 becomes greater than the charge rate limit value, the battery 32 cannot be charged at present, so the connection between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 is disconnected. In the ECU 34, the charge rate SOC of the battery 32 is calculated based on the charging current value and the discharging current value of the battery 32 detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (current sensor).

[0226] The second disconnection condition is that the temperature of the battery 32 is higher than the battery limit temperature. The limit temperature is a temperature at which the degradation of the battery 32 progresses when the temperature of the battery 32 reaches or exceeds the battery limit temperature. When the temperature of the battery 32 reaches or exceeds the battery limit temperature, charging of the battery 32, which causes the temperature of the battery 32 to rise, cannot be performed at present, so the connection between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 is disconnected. The temperature of the battery 32 is detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (battery temperature sensor).

[0227] The third disconnection condition is that the temperature of the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3, in particular, the temperature of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 and the power receiving side rectification circuit 54 is equal to or higher than a predetermined power receiving device limit temperature. The power receiving device limit temperature is a temperature at which there is a possibility that an abnormality will occur in the power receiving device 5 if the temperature of the power receiving device 5 further increases. When the temperature of the power receiving device 5 becomes equal to or higher than the power receiving device limit temperature, the power receiving device 5 which causes the temperature of the power receiving device 5 to rise cannot be used at present, so the connection between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 is disconnected. The temperature of the power receiving device 5 is detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (power receiving device temperature sensor).

[0228] The fourth disconnection condition is that the current flowing through the power receiving device 5 is equal to or greater than the current limit value or the voltage applied to the power receiving device 5 is equal to or greater than the voltage limit value. When the current flowing through the power receiving device 5 or the voltage applied to the power receiving device 5 becomes excessively large, there is a possibility that an abnormality will occur in the power receiving device 5, so the connection between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 is disconnected. The current flowing through the power receiving device 5 and the voltage applied to the power receiving device 5 are detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (current sensor, voltage sensor).

[0229] The fifth disconnection condition is that the communication between the vehicle-side first communication device 71 of the vehicle 3 and the server 91 is disconnected for a certain period of time or more. As described above, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 regularly communicates with the server 91, for example, to send vehicle information of the vehicle 3 being powered (especially requesting power supply, etc.). Then, when the vehicle information of the vehicle 3 can no longer be sent, the power supply cannot be properly controlled. In particular, when the above-mentioned communication is disconnected for a certain period of time or more, a temporary communication failure should not occur, so the connection between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 is disconnected.

[0230] In addition, the disconnection condition is a condition that is satisfied less frequently than the stop condition described later. Here, when the connection and disconnection of the relay 38 with a high voltage are frequently repeated, it becomes a major cause of abnormality in the relay 38. In the present embodiment, by making the disconnection condition for disconnecting the relay 38 a condition with a low satisfaction frequency, the occurrence of abnormality in the relay 38 is suppressed.

[0231] On the other hand, when the identification information removal request and the power transmission stop request are transmitted from the vehicle-side first communication device 71 (B13), if the suspension condition is satisfied (C40), the state of the vehicle 3 switches to the first sleep state (A31).

[0232] Here, the termination condition is a condition that requires the termination of power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. Specific examples of the termination conditions are listed below. All the termination conditions listed below may be used, or some of the termination conditions may not be used. In this embodiment, when any one of the following termination conditions is met, the state of the vehicle 3 is set to the first sleep state (A31).

[0233] The first stop condition is that the charge rate SOC of the battery 32 is greater than the charge rate reference value and less than the charge rate limit value. The charge rate reference value is a predetermined value less than the charge rate limit value, for example, greater than 80%. When the charge rate SOC of the battery 32 becomes greater than the charge rate reference value, it is basically unnecessary to charge the battery 32, so the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is stopped.

[0234] The second suspension condition is that the temperature of the battery 32 is equal to or higher than the battery reference temperature and lower than the battery limit temperature. The battery reference temperature is a predetermined temperature lower than the battery limit temperature. When the temperature of the battery 32 is equal to or higher than the battery reference temperature, it is necessary to suppress charging of the battery 32 so that the temperature of the battery 32 does not reach the battery limit temperature, so the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is suspended.

[0235] The third suspension condition is that the temperature of the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3, in particular, the temperature of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 or the power receiving side rectifier circuit 54 is equal to or higher than a predetermined power receiving device reference temperature and lower than the power receiving device limit temperature. The power receiving device reference temperature is a predetermined temperature lower than the power receiving device limit. When the temperature of the power receiving device 5 becomes equal to or higher than the power receiving device reference temperature, it is necessary to suppress the use of the power receiving device 5 so that the temperature of the power receiving device 5 does not reach the power receiving device reference temperature, so the power reception from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is suspended.

[0236] The fourth stop condition is that the allowable charging power of the battery 32 is greater than a predetermined charging power reference value. When the allowable charging power of the battery 32 is small, there is a possibility that the power cannot be properly supplied to the battery even if the power receiving device 5 receives power from the power transmitting device 4, so the power reception from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is stopped. The allowable charging power of the battery 32 is calculated based on the output of the vehicle-side sensor 37 (battery temperature sensor, battery current sensor, etc.).

[0237] The fifth suspension condition is that the speed of the vehicle 3 is above a predetermined suspension reference speed. When the speed of the vehicle 3 is above the suspension reference speed, the power supply efficiency decreases, so the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is suspended. The suspension reference speed may be the same as the suspension reference speed in the fifth suspension condition. The speed of the vehicle 3 is detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (speed sensor).

[0238] The sixth suspension condition is that the amount of charge to the user of the vehicle 3 calculated based on the power received by the vehicle 3 from the ground power supply device 2 becomes greater than a predetermined upper limit charge amount. The amount of charge to the user is calculated by the ECU 34 based on the change of the power received during the power reception from the ground power supply device 2 and the cost per unit of power at that time. The upper limit charge amount may be a predetermined fixed value or a value set by the user of the vehicle 3.

[0239] The seventh suspension condition is when there is a suspension request from the user. For example, the suspension request from the user is output from a switch provided in the vehicle 3 for inputting whether power supply during driving is required.

[0240] The state and operation of the vehicle 3 are controlled by the ECU 34. Therefore, for example, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the second sleep state (A35), the ECU 34 determines whether the cut-off condition is satisfied based on the output of the vehicle-side sensor 37. Then, when it is determined that the cut-off condition is not satisfied, the ECU 34 controls the relay 38 so that the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 are connected.

[0241] Next, refer to Fig.15 , indicating that the power receiving process is completed. Fig.15 This is a flowchart showing the flow of operations related to the execution of the power reception end process. The process shown in the figure is performed at a certain time interval.

[0242] like Fig.15 As shown, first, ECU 34 obtains current position information and map information (step S101). ECU 34 obtains current position information of vehicle 3 from GNSS receiver 35. In addition, ECU 34 obtains map information from storage device 36. In particular, in this embodiment, ECU 34 obtains map information including installation position information of ground power supply device 2 around the current position of vehicle 3.

[0243] Next, the ECU 34 determines whether the vehicle 3 has passed over any ground power supply device 2 based on the current position information acquired in step S101 and the installation position information of the ground power supply device 2 (step S102 ).

[0244] If it is determined in step S102 that the vehicle 3 has passed over any ground power supply device 2, the ECU 34 performs a power reception end process (step S103). In the power reception end process, power reception end information is sent from the vehicle-side first communication device 71 to the server 91. The power reception end information includes information related to power reception from the ground power supply device 2. The values ​​of various parameters included in the power reception end information are calculated based on the output of the vehicle-side sensor 37, etc. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S102 that the vehicle 3 has not passed over any ground power supply device 2, step S103 is skipped.

[0245] As mentioned above, although the preferred embodiment concerning this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these embodiments, Various corrections and changes can be implemented within the description of a claim.

Claims

1. A ground power supply device that transmits power to a vehicle without contact. in, The above-ground power supply device comprises: a communication device for directly communicating with the vehicle via narrow-area wireless communication having a communication distance of less than 10 meters; and a control device for controlling the power transmission using the ground power supply device, The control device stops supplying power to the first vehicle when the communication device receives vehicle identification information from the second vehicle during supplying power from the ground power supply device to the first vehicle. The ground power supply device further includes a storage unit storing a list of vehicle identification information of vehicles that are likely to be powered by the ground power supply device. When the communication device receives the vehicle identification information from the second vehicle while power is being supplied from the ground power supply device to the first vehicle, the control device stops supplying power to the first vehicle if the vehicle identification information is registered in the list, and continues supplying power to the first vehicle if the vehicle identification information is not registered in the list.

2. The ground power supply device according to claim 1, in, The control device starts supplying electric power to the second vehicle when a predetermined start condition is satisfied after the communication device receives the vehicle identification information from the second vehicle.

3. A power supply method for supplying power to a vehicle in a non-contact manner through a ground power supply device, in, The power supply method comprises: When the communication device of the ground power supply device receives vehicle identification information from the second vehicle during power supply from the ground power supply device to the first vehicle, the power supply to the first vehicle is stopped when the communication device receives the vehicle identification information from the second vehicle. The ground power supply device includes a storage unit storing a list of vehicle identification information of vehicles that are likely to be powered by the ground power supply device. The power supply method includes: when the communication device receives the vehicle identification information from the second vehicle while power is being supplied from the ground power supply device to the first vehicle, stopping power supply to the first vehicle when the vehicle identification information is registered in the list, and continuing power supply to the first vehicle when the vehicle identification information is not registered in the list.

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