Method and device for rapid synchronous detection of fuel cell stack membrane electrode health state

Abstract

The application relates to a fuel cell stack membrane electrode health state rapid synchronous detection method and device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: supplying inert gas to a test electrode of a fuel cell stack, supplying hydrogen to a counter electrode, maintaining fuel cell stack temperature indexes in a preset interval, and keeping the voltage of each fuel cell stable; applying an arbitrary form voltage or current excitation to the fuel cell stack, discharging to stability in an arbitrary form current after reaching a preset excitation threshold, collecting the whole stack current signal and the voltage signal of each fuel cell in the process, and analyzing the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double-layer capacitance and short-circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode by using a fuel cell charging and discharging process electrochemical model; the application is not limited in the form of voltage or current excitation and discharge, and the membrane electrode parameters can be synchronously obtained by collecting excitation and discharge results at least once, so as to evaluate the membrane electrode health state, greatly improve the test efficiency, and reduce the test cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks, and in particular to a method and device for rapid and synchronous detection of the health status of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode. Background Art

[0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cells have the characteristics of fast start-up, high efficiency and zero pollution, making them an ideal vehicle power source. As the application scenarios of fuel cells increase, the demand for high-power fuel cell stacks of hundreds of pieces is gradually increasing. At this time, the "short board effect" of fuel cell output becomes more prominent, that is, the consistency and durability of the stack depend on the worst performance single membrane electrode of the stack. Therefore, batch and rapid performance consistency and health status testing of membrane electrodes are very important.

[0003] Currently, membrane electrode testing typically uses cyclic voltammetry to measure the catalytically active area of ​​a single membrane electrode, followed by a linear potential sweep to measure the hydrogen permeation current. These traditional methods can only measure a single membrane electrode and are inefficient. Simultaneous membrane electrode measurement methods have been developed in recent years, but these methods place high demands on the excitation and acquisition terminals, and the measurement results are subject to error. Multiple measurements are required to confirm the results, making rapid and accurate evaluation difficult.

[0004] Therefore, the current membrane electrode testing has high requirements for equipment accuracy, and there are restrictions on the form of voltage or current excitation and discharge. It is necessary to collect excitation and discharge results multiple times to obtain membrane electrode parameters, which is too time-consuming and has low test efficiency. At the same time, there are errors in the analysis results, making it difficult to evaluate quickly and accurately. The testing cost is high and needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a method and device for rapid and synchronous detection of the health status of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode, in order to solve the current problems of membrane electrode detection having high equipment precision requirements, errors in analytical results, and multiple measurements taking too long and being inefficient.

[0006] The first embodiment of the present application provides a method for rapid and synchronous detection of the health status of the membrane electrode of a fuel cell stack, comprising the following steps: supplying an inert gas to the test electrode of the fuel cell stack and supplying hydrogen to the counter electrode, maintaining the temperature, gas flow, back pressure and humidity of the fuel cell stack stable in a preset range, so that the voltage of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack reaches a first preset stable condition; applying one or more arbitrary forms of voltage excitation or current excitation to the fuel cell stack, and after reaching a preset excitation threshold, discharging with an arbitrary form of current until a preset second stable condition is reached, recording and collecting the entire stack current signal of the fuel cell stack and the voltage of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack during excitation; voltage signal, record the starting point of each excitation as time zero 1, the time difference between the recording point of the excitation segment and time zero 1 as t1, the battery voltage of the excitation segment as U1, and the test electrode interface potential difference as V1; record the end point of discharge after each excitation as time zero 2, the time difference between the recording point of the discharge segment and time zero 2 as t2, the battery voltage of the discharge segment as U2, and the test electrode interface potential difference as V2; based on the entire stack current signal of the fuel cell stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell, use the preset fuel cell charge and discharge process electrochemical model to analyze the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double layer capacitance and short-circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode to obtain the detection result.

[0007] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process is:

[0008]

[0009] Among them, i H is the hydrogen permeation current density, C dl is the double layer capacitance, R e is the short-circuit resistance, Q H is the hydrogen desorption charge, i ch is the excitation current density during the charging process, i dis is the discharge current density during the discharge process, U low To resolve the minimum value of the voltage window, U upp To resolve the maximum voltage window, V1 (0) V2 is the potential difference of the test electrode interface at the excitation starting point, (0) is the test electrode interface potential difference at the discharge endpoint.

[0010] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, a voltage window [U low ,U upp ] All charge and discharge recording points (a total of N) in the electrochemical model are constructed into a multivariate linear equation system as follows:

[0011]

[0012] Solve i through multiple linear regression H , Q H 、C dl , 1 / R e , and obtain the membrane electrode parameters i H , Q H 、C dl 、R e , which can be determined by the hydrogen desorption charge Q H Solve for the catalyst active area:

[0013]

[0014] where Γ is the charge required to completely cover the catalyst surface with a monolayer of adsorbed hydrogen, and L is the catalyst loading on the electrode being tested.

[0015] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the use of a preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process to analyze the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double layer capacitance, and short circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode includes:

[0016] The total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire process is inversely solved using a preset formula, wherein the preset formula is:

[0017]

[0018]

[0019] Among them, Q Pt_ch Q is the total amount of charge adsorbed and desorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire charging process. Pt_dis The total amount of charge adsorbed and desorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire charging process; the analysis window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Check whether the mean square error of the values ​​meets the preset conditions. If not, adjust the voltage window and re-analyze until the preset conditions are met.

[0020] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the use of a preset fuel cell charge and discharge process electrochemical model to analyze the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double layer capacitance and short-circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode includes: when the short-circuit resistance is greater than the upper limit of a preset interval or less than the lower limit of a preset interval, the analytical formula of the preset fuel cell charge and discharge process electrochemical model is:

[0021]

[0022] A multivariate linear equation system is constructed based on the analytical formula, wherein the multivariate linear equation system is:

[0023]

[0024] Solve i through multiple linear regression H , Q H 、C dl , in order to inversely solve the total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the real-time catalyst surface.

[0025] Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present application, the total amount of charge adsorbed and desorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire process is:

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] Verify the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Check whether the mean square error of the values ​​meets the preset conditions. If not, adjust the voltage window and re-analyze until the preset conditions are met.

[0029] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the preset condition is the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Whether the mean square error of the values ​​is less than the preset value.

[0030] The second embodiment of the present application provides a device for rapid synchronous detection of the health status of the membrane electrode of a fuel cell stack, comprising: a supply module for supplying an inert gas to the test electrode of the fuel cell stack and hydrogen to the counter electrode, maintaining the temperature, gas flow, back pressure and humidity of the fuel cell stack stable within a preset range, so that the voltage of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack reaches a first preset stable condition; a recording module for applying one or more arbitrary forms of voltage excitation or current excitation to the fuel cell stack, and after reaching a preset excitation threshold, discharging with an arbitrary form of current until a preset second stable condition is reached, recording and collecting the entire stack current signal of the fuel cell stack and the voltage of each fuel cell during excitation. The voltage signal of the cell is recorded, the starting point of each excitation is recorded as time zero 1, the time difference between the recording point of the excitation segment and time zero 1 is t1, the battery voltage of the excitation segment is U1, and the test electrode interface potential difference is V1; the end point of discharge after each excitation is recorded as time zero 2, the time difference between the recording point of the discharge segment and time zero 2 is t2, the battery voltage of the discharge segment is U2, and the test electrode interface potential difference is V2; and an analysis module is used to analyze the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double layer capacitance and short-circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode based on the entire stack current signal of the fuel cell stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell using a preset fuel cell charge and discharge process electrochemical model to obtain a detection result.

[0031] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process is:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, i H is the hydrogen permeation current density, C dl is the double layer capacitance, R e is the short-circuit resistance, Q H is the hydrogen desorption charge, i ch is the excitation current density during the charging process, i dis is the discharge current density during the discharge process, U low To resolve the minimum value of the voltage window, U upp To resolve the maximum voltage window, V1 (0) V2 is the potential difference of the test electrode interface at the excitation starting point, (0) is the test electrode interface potential difference at the discharge endpoint.

[0034] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, a voltage window [U low ,U upp ] All charge and discharge recording points (a total of N) in the electrochemical model are constructed into a multivariate linear equation system as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Solve i through multiple linear regression H , Q H 、C dl , 1 / R e , and obtain the membrane electrode parameters i H , Q H 、C dl 、R e , which can be determined by the hydrogen desorption charge Q H Solve for the catalyst active area:

[0037]

[0038] where Γ is the charge required to completely cover the catalyst surface with a monolayer of adsorbed hydrogen, and L is the catalyst loading on the electrode being tested.

[0039] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the analytical module includes: an inverse analysis unit, configured to inversely analyze the total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire process using a preset formula, wherein the preset formula is:

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] Among them, Q Pt_ch Q is the total amount of charge adsorbed and desorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire charging process. Pt_dis The total amount of charge adsorbed and desorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire charging process; verification unit, used to verify the analysis window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Check whether the mean square error of the values ​​meets the preset conditions. If not, adjust the voltage window and re-analyze until the preset conditions are met.

[0043] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the analytical module further comprises: when the short-circuit resistance is greater than the upper limit of the preset interval or less than the lower limit of the preset interval, the analytical formula of the preset fuel cell charge and discharge process electrochemical model is

[0044]

[0045] A multivariate linear equation system is constructed based on the analytical formula, wherein the multivariate linear equation system is:

[0046]

[0047] Solve i through multiple linear regression H , Q H 、C dl , in order to inversely solve the total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the real-time catalyst surface.

[0048] Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present application, the total amount of charge adsorbed and desorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire process is:

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] Verify the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Check whether the mean square error of the values ​​meets the preset conditions. If not, adjust the voltage window and re-analyze until the preset conditions are met.

[0052] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the preset condition is the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Whether the mean square error of the values ​​is less than the preset value.

[0053] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, further comprising: a control module, configured to control the fuel cell stack to switch from the excitation state to the discharging state when the highest single piece voltage of the fuel cell stack reaches the preset excitation threshold after reaching the preset excitation threshold.

[0054] The third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the fuel cell stack membrane electrode health state rapid synchronous detection method according to the above embodiments.

[0055] The fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the fuel cell stack membrane electrode health state rapid synchronous detection method according to the above embodiments.

[0056] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0057] The embodiments of the present application can test the electrode with inert gas, pass hydrogen gas to the electrode, maintain the fuel cell stack temperature, gas flow, back pressure and humidity at a preset value, keep the voltage of each piece of fuel cell in the fuel cell stack stable, apply one or more arbitrary form voltage excitation or current excitation to the fuel cell stack, after reaching the excitation set threshold, discharge with arbitrary form current to stable, collect the whole stack current signal and the voltage signal of each piece of fuel cell in the process; according to the fuel cell charging and discharging process electrochemical model, analyze the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double layer capacitance and short circuit resistance of the membrane electrode of each piece of fuel cell, so that the form of voltage or current excitation and discharge of the present application is not limited, and the membrane electrode parameters can be obtained synchronously by collecting the excitation and discharge results once, to evaluate the membrane electrode health state, greatly improve the test efficiency and reduce the test cost. Therefore, the problems of high equipment precision requirement, error in analysis results, long time consumption and low efficiency in multiple measurements in the current membrane electrode detection are solved.

[0058] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be made apparent by the following description and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0059] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0060] Figure 1 A flow chart of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode health state rapid synchronous detection method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0061] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the execution logic of a method for rapid synchronous detection of the health status of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 3 This is an example diagram of a device for rapid synchronous detection of the health status of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an application embodiment.

[0064] Description of reference numerals:

[0065] Fuel cell stack membrane electrode health status rapid synchronous detection device-10; supply module-100, recording module-200, analysis module-300; memory-401, processor-402, communication interface-403. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0067] The following describes a method and apparatus for rapid, simultaneous detection of the health status of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. In response to the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides a method for rapid, simultaneous detection of the health status of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode. In this method, the temperature, gas flow rate, back pressure, and humidity of the fuel cell stack are maintained at preset values ​​by passing an inert gas through the test electrode and hydrogen through the counter electrode, thereby maintaining the voltage of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack stable. One or more arbitrary voltage or current excitations are applied to the fuel cell stack. After reaching a set excitation threshold, the stack is discharged with an arbitrary current until stability is achieved, and the entire stack current signal and the voltage signal of each fuel cell are collected during this process. The hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double-layer capacitance, and short-circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode are analyzed based on an electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process. This method allows the present invention to have no restrictions on the form of voltage or current excitation and discharge. At a minimum, only one excitation and discharge result is required to synchronously obtain membrane electrode parameters for evaluating the health status of the membrane electrode, greatly improving test efficiency and reducing test costs. This method solves the current problems of membrane electrode detection, such as high equipment precision requirements, errors in analysis results, and excessive time and inefficiency caused by multiple measurements.

[0068] Specifically, Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for rapid and synchronous detection of the health status of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for rapid synchronous detection of the health status of the membrane electrode of a fuel cell stack includes the following steps:

[0070] In step S101, an inert gas is supplied to the test electrode of the fuel cell stack and hydrogen is supplied to the counter electrode to maintain the temperature, gas flow, back pressure and humidity of the fuel cell stack stable within a preset range, so that the voltage of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack reaches the first preset stable condition.

[0071] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, an inert gas is supplied to the test electrode of the fuel cell stack and hydrogen is supplied to the counter electrode, wherein the inert gas can be selected from nitrogen, helium, argon, etc., so as to maintain the fuel cell stack temperature, gas flow, back pressure and humidity constant, so that the voltage of each cell in the fuel cell stack remains stable.

[0072] In step S102, one or more arbitrary forms of voltage excitation or current excitation are applied to the fuel cell stack, and after reaching the preset excitation threshold, the fuel cell stack is discharged with arbitrary forms of current until the preset second stable condition is reached, and the current signal of the entire fuel cell stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell during excitation are recorded and collected, and the starting point of each excitation is recorded as time zero 1, the time difference between the excitation segment recording point and time zero 1 is t1, the excitation segment battery voltage is U1, and the test electrode interface potential difference is V1. The end point of discharge after each excitation is recorded as time zero 2, the time difference between the discharge segment recording point and time zero 2 is t2, the discharge segment battery voltage is U2, and the test electrode interface potential difference is V2.

[0073] The voltage of each cell in the fuel cell stack remains stable. After the voltage stabilizes, the embodiments of the present application can apply one or more arbitrary forms of voltage excitation or current excitation to the fuel cell stack. After reaching the set excitation threshold, it is discharged with arbitrary forms of current until it stabilizes, and then the current signal of the entire stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell are recorded and collected. Among them, the initial point of excitation needs to be after the voltage stabilizes during multiple excitations.

[0074] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above-mentioned application of one or more arbitrary voltage excitations or microcurrent excitations is a power supply excitation with no fixed form, including constant current and non-constant current, and any form of discharge also has no fixed form, including natural discharge, and natural discharge means that the external discharge current is 0.

[0075] In the embodiments of the present application, there is no restriction on the form of voltage or current excitation and discharge. At least only one excitation and discharge result needs to be collected to synchronously obtain the membrane electrode parameters to evaluate the health status of the membrane electrode, which can greatly improve the test efficiency and greatly reduce the test cost.

[0076] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, after reaching a preset excitation threshold, the method further includes: when the highest single-chip voltage of the fuel cell stack reaches the preset excitation threshold, controlling the fuel cell stack to switch from an excitation state to a discharge state.

[0077] It should be noted that the above-mentioned excitation setting threshold is a voltage value. When the highest single-chip voltage reaches the set threshold, the stack switches from the excitation state to the discharge state, and then collects the entire stack current signal of the fuel cell stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell in the whole process, providing a reliable basis for the rapid and synchronous detection of the health status of the fuel cell stack membrane electrode.

[0078] In step S103, based on the current signal of the entire fuel cell stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell, a preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process is used to analyze the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double-layer capacitance and short-circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode to obtain the detection results.

[0079] After recording and acquiring the entire stack current signal of the fuel cell stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell, the embodiment of the present application further analyzes the hydrogen permeation current density (i H ), catalyst active area (ECSA), electric double layer capacitance (C dl ), short-circuit resistance (R e ) and other parameters, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of the analysis results.

[0080] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charging and discharging process is:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, i H is the hydrogen permeation current density, C dl is the double layer capacitance, R e is a short-circuit resistor, the battery voltage in the excitation section is U1, the potential difference of the test electrode interface is V1, the battery voltage in the discharge section is U2, the potential difference of the test electrode interface is V2, i ch is the excitation current density during the charging process, i dis is the discharge current density during the discharge process, U low To resolve the minimum value of the voltage window, U upp To resolve the maximum voltage window, V1 (0) V2 is the potential difference of the test electrode interface at the excitation starting point, (0) is the test electrode interface potential difference at the discharge endpoint.

[0083] It should be noted that the electrochemical model of the charge and discharge process in the embodiment of the present application is shown as follows:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, i H is the hydrogen permeation current density, C dl is the double layer capacitance, R e is a short-circuit resistor, the battery voltage in the excitation section is U1, the potential difference of the test electrode interface is V1, the battery voltage in the discharge section is U2, the potential difference of the test electrode interface is V2, i ch is the excitation current density during the charging process, i dis is the discharge current density during the discharge process, U low To resolve the minimum value of the voltage window, U upp To resolve the maximum voltage window, V1 (0) V2 is the potential difference of the test electrode interface at the excitation starting point, (0) is the test electrode interface potential difference at the discharge endpoint.

[0086] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application can provide a reliable theoretical basis for analyzing parameters such as hydrogen permeation current density and catalyst active area through the above-mentioned electrochemical model of the charge and discharge process.

[0087] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, a voltage window [U low ,U upp ] All charge and discharge recording points (a total of N) in the quartz crystal are constructed according to the electrochemical model as follows:

[0088]

[0089] Solve i through multiple linear regression H , Q H 、C dl , 1 / R e , and obtain the membrane electrode parameters i H , Q H 、C dl 、R e , which can be determined by the hydrogen desorption charge Q H Solve for the catalyst active area:

[0090]

[0091] where Γ is the charge required to completely cover the catalyst surface with a monolayer of adsorbed hydrogen, and L is the catalyst loading on the electrode being tested.

[0092] The embodiment of the present application can utilize the voltage window [U low ,U upp ] all the charge and discharge recording points (a total of N) in the , according to the above-mentioned electrochemical model of the charge and discharge process, to construct a multivariate linear equation system, as shown below:

[0093]

[0094] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application can solve i by multiple linear regression H , Q H 、C dl , 1 / R e , and finally obtain the membrane electrode parameters i H , Q H 、C dl 、R e and other parameters.

[0095] It should be noted that the above Q H is the hydrogen desorption charge, which can be used to solve the catalyst active area:

[0096]

[0097] where Γ is the charge required to completely cover the catalyst surface with a monolayer of adsorbed hydrogen, and L is the catalyst loading on the electrode being tested.

[0098] It can be understood that the embodiments of the present application can obtain membrane electrode parameters through the electrochemical model of the charging and discharging process and multivariate linear regression, which not only improves the accuracy of the membrane electrode parameters, but also provides strong data support for the rapid and synchronous detection of the health status of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell stack.

[0099] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, a preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process is used to analyze the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double layer capacitance, and short circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode, including:

[0100] The total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire process is inversely solved using a preset formula, where the preset formula is:

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] Among them, Q Pt_ch Q is the total amount of charge adsorbed and desorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire charging process. Pt_dis The total amount of charge adsorbed and desorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire charging process;

[0104] Verify the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Check whether the mean square error of the values ​​meets the preset conditions. If not, adjust the voltage window and re-analyze until the preset conditions are met.

[0105] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, when the ohmic impedance of the fuel cell monolithic chip is less than the preset value, the V1-V1 in the charge and discharge electrochemical model (0) Can be seen as U1-U1 (0) 、V2-V2 (0) Can be viewed as U2-U2 (0) .

[0106] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can be solved by the following formula to solve the total amount of adsorption and desorption charge Q of the catalyst surface in real time during the whole process: Pt :

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application can verify the parsing window [U low ,U upp ], the N Qs obtained by reverse solution Pt Whether the value meets the preset conditions is determined, and whether the voltage window should be adjusted is determined based on the verification result, and analytical iterations are performed until the preset conditions are met.

[0110] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the preset condition is the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Whether the mean square error of the values ​​is less than the preset value.

[0111] In the embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned preset condition can be the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt The mean square error of the values ​​is less than the preset value. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can set the preset conditions and preset values ​​according to actual conditions, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0112] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a basis for adjusting the voltage window and analytical iterative operations by setting appropriate preset conditions, further ensuring the performance of rapid and synchronous detection of the health status of the fuel cell stack membrane electrode.

[0113] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, a preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process is used to analyze the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double layer capacitance, and short-circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode, including: when the short-circuit resistance is greater than the upper limit of a preset interval or less than the lower limit of a preset interval, the analytical formula of the preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process is:

[0114]

[0115] A multivariate linear equation system is constructed based on the analytical formula, where the multivariate linear equation system is:

[0116]

[0117] Solve i through multiple linear regression H , Q H 、C dl , in order to inversely analyze the total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the catalyst surface in real time.

[0118] It should be noted that if the short-circuit resistance is greater than the upper limit of the preset interval, or less than the lower limit of the preset interval, its influence can be ignored, and the analytical formula in the embodiment of the present application can be simplified to the following formula:

[0119]

[0120] Furthermore, the voltage window [U low ,U upp ] all charge and discharge recording points (a total of N) in the are used to construct a multivariate linear equation system based on the above electrochemical model, as shown in the following formula:

[0121]

[0122] It should be noted that, during the specific implementation process, those skilled in the art may reasonably set the preset interval of the short-circuit resistance according to actual conditions, and no specific limitation is imposed here.

[0123] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can solve i by corresponding multivariate linear regression when the short-circuit resistance is greater than a preset value or meets the preset neglect influence condition. H , Q H 、C dl , and then inversely solve the total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the real-time catalyst surface.

[0124] Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present application, the total amount of charge adsorbed and desorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire process is:

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] Verify the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Check whether the mean square error of the values ​​meets the preset conditions. If not, adjust the voltage window and re-analyze until the preset conditions are met.

[0128] It should be noted that after obtaining a multivariate linear equation system when the short-circuit resistance is greater than a preset value or the influence of the short-circuit resistance is negligible, the embodiment of the present application can use a simplified formula, as shown in the following formula, to inversely solve the total amount of adsorption and desorption charge Q on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire process: Pt :

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application can analyze the window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt The values ​​are verified. When the mean square error of the above values ​​is not less than the preset value, the voltage window is adjusted and re-analyzed until the preset conditions are met.

[0132] It can be understood that the embodiments of the present application do not impose any restrictions on the form of voltage or current excitation and discharge, and at least only one excitation and discharge result needs to be collected to synchronously obtain the membrane electrode parameters to evaluate the health status of the membrane electrode, thereby greatly improving the test efficiency and effectively reducing the test cost.

[0133] The following will introduce the method for rapid and synchronous detection of the health status of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell stack of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0134] Figure 2 The following is a schematic diagram of the execution logic of the method for rapid and synchronous detection of the health status of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell stack. Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps of the embodiment of the present application for rapid synchronous detection of the health status of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell stack are as follows:

[0135] S201: supplying inert gas to the fuel cell stack test electrode and hydrogen to the counter electrode to maintain constant temperature, gas flow, back pressure and humidity of the fuel cell stack so that the voltage of each cell in the fuel cell stack remains stable;

[0136] S202: When the voltage is stable, apply one or more voltage excitations or current excitations of any form to the fuel cell stack. After reaching the set excitation threshold, discharge the fuel cell stack with any current until it is stable. When multiple excitations are applied, the initial excitation point must be after the voltage is stable.

[0137] S203: Record the entire stack current and the voltage signal of each fuel cell during excitation, record the starting point of each excitation as time zero 1, and record the end point of discharge after each excitation as time zero 2, and analyze the hydrogen permeation current density, catalyst active area, double layer capacitance, and short-circuit resistance based on the electrochemical model of the charge and discharge process.

[0138] According to the method for rapid and synchronous detection of the health status of the membrane electrode of a fuel cell stack proposed in an embodiment of the present application, an inert gas is passed through the test electrode and hydrogen is passed through the counter electrode to maintain the temperature, gas flow, back pressure and humidity of the fuel cell stack stable at preset values, so that the voltage of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack remains stable; one or more arbitrary forms of voltage excitation or current excitation are applied to the fuel cell stack, and after reaching the set excitation threshold, the stack is discharged with an arbitrary form of current until it is stable, and the current signal of the entire stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell in the process are collected; the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double-layer capacitance and short-circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode are analyzed according to the electrochemical model of the fuel cell charging and discharging process, so that the present application has no restrictions on the form of voltage or current excitation and discharge, and at least only one excitation and discharge result needs to be collected to synchronously obtain the membrane electrode parameters to evaluate the health status of the membrane electrode, which greatly improves the test efficiency and reduces the test cost.

[0139] Next, a device for rapid synchronous detection of the health status of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode proposed in accordance with an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0140] Figure 3 It is a block diagram of a device for rapid synchronous detection of the health status of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0141] like Figure 3 As shown, the fuel cell stack membrane electrode health status rapid synchronous detection device 10 includes: a supply module 100, a recording module 200 and an analysis module 300.

[0142] Among them, the supply module 100 is used to supply inert gas to the test electrode of the fuel cell stack and hydrogen to the counter electrode, maintaining the temperature, gas flow, back pressure and humidity of the fuel cell stack stable within a preset range, so that the voltage of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack reaches the first preset stable condition.

[0143] The recording module 200 is used to apply one or more arbitrary forms of voltage excitation or current excitation to the fuel cell stack, and after reaching the preset excitation threshold, discharge with arbitrary forms of current until the preset second stable condition is reached, record and collect the entire stack current signal of the fuel cell stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell during excitation, record the starting point of each excitation as time zero 1, the time difference between the excitation segment recording point and time zero 1 as t1, the excitation segment battery voltage as U1, and the test electrode interface potential difference as V1, record the end point of discharge after each excitation as time zero 2, the time difference between the discharge segment recording point and time zero 2 as t2, the discharge segment battery voltage as U2, and the test electrode interface potential difference as V2.

[0144] The analysis module 300 is used to analyze the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double-layer capacitance and short-circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode based on the current signal of the entire fuel cell stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell using a preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process to obtain the detection results.

[0145] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charging and discharging process is:

[0146]

[0147] Among them, i H is the hydrogen permeation current density, C dl is the double layer capacitance, R e is the short-circuit resistance, Q H is the hydrogen desorption charge, i ch is the excitation current density during the charging process, i dis is the discharge current density during the discharge process, U low To resolve the minimum value of the voltage window, U upp To resolve the maximum voltage window, V1 (0) V2 is the potential difference of the test electrode interface at the excitation starting point, (0) is the test electrode interface potential difference at the discharge endpoint.

[0148] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, a voltage window [U low ,U upp ] All charge and discharge recording points (a total of N) in the quartz crystal are constructed according to the electrochemical model as follows:

[0149]

[0150] Solve i through multiple linear regression H , Q H 、C dl , 1 / R e , and obtain the membrane electrode parameters i H , Q H 、C dl 、R e , which can be determined by the hydrogen desorption charge Q H Solve for the catalyst active area:

[0151]

[0152] where Γ is the charge required to completely cover the catalyst surface with a monolayer of adsorbed hydrogen, and L is the catalyst loading on the electrode being tested.

[0153] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the analysis module 300 includes: an inverse analysis unit for inversely analyzing the total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire process using a preset formula, wherein the preset formula is:

[0154]

[0155]

[0156] Among them, Q Pt_ch Q is the total amount of charge adsorbed and desorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire charging process. Pt_dis The total amount of charge adsorbed and desorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire charging process; verification unit, used to verify the analysis window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Check whether the mean square error of the values ​​meets the preset conditions. If not, adjust the voltage window and re-analyze until the preset conditions are met.

[0157] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the analysis module 300 further includes: when the short-circuit resistance is greater than an upper limit of a preset interval or less than a lower limit of a preset interval, the analysis formula of the electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process is preset to be:

[0158]

[0159] A multivariate linear equation system is constructed based on the analytical formula, where the multivariate linear equation system is:

[0160]

[0161] Solve i through multiple linear regression H , Q H 、C dl , in order to inversely analyze the total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the catalyst surface in real time.

[0162] Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present application, the total amount of charge adsorbed and desorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire process is:

[0163]

[0164]

[0165] Verify the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Check whether the mean square error of the values ​​meets the preset conditions. If not, adjust the voltage window and re-analyze until the preset conditions are met.

[0166] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the preset condition is the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Whether the mean square error of the values ​​is less than the preset value.

[0167] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the fuel cell stack membrane electrode health status rapid synchronous detection device 10 of the embodiment of the present application also includes: a control module, which is used to control the fuel cell stack to switch from the excitation state to the discharge state after reaching the preset excitation threshold when the highest single-chip voltage of the fuel cell stack reaches the preset excitation threshold.

[0168] It should be noted that the above explanation of the embodiment of the method for rapid synchronous detection of the health status of the membrane electrode of a fuel cell stack is also applicable to the rapid synchronous detection device for the health status of the membrane electrode of a fuel cell stack of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0169] According to the device for rapid synchronous detection of the health status of the membrane electrode of a fuel cell stack proposed in an embodiment of the present application, by passing an inert gas through the test electrode and hydrogen through the counter electrode, the temperature, gas flow, back pressure and humidity of the fuel cell stack are maintained stable at preset values, so that the voltage of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack remains stable; one or more arbitrary forms of voltage excitation or current excitation are applied to the fuel cell stack, and after reaching the set excitation threshold, it is discharged with an arbitrary form of current until it is stable, and the current signal of the entire stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell in the process are collected; the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double-layer capacitance and short-circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode are analyzed according to the electrochemical model of the fuel cell charging and discharging process, so that the present application has no restrictions on the form of voltage or current excitation and discharge, and at least only one excitation and discharge result needs to be collected to synchronously obtain the membrane electrode parameters to evaluate the health status of the membrane electrode, which greatly improves the test efficiency and reduces the test cost.

[0170] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device may include:

[0171] Memory 401 , processor 402 , and computer programs stored in the memory 401 and executable on the processor 402 .

[0172] When the processor 402 executes the program, the method for rapid synchronous detection of the health status of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell stack provided in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0173] Furthermore, the electronic device further includes:

[0174] The communication interface 403 is used for communication between the memory 401 and the processor 402 .

[0175] The memory 401 is used to store computer programs that can be run on the processor 402 .

[0176] The memory 401 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0177] If the memory 401, the processor 402, and the communication interface 403 are implemented independently, the communication interface 403, the memory 401, and the processor 402 can be connected to each other via a bus and communicate with each other. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 4 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0178] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 401 , the processor 402 and the communication interface 403 are integrated on a chip, the memory 401 , the processor 402 and the communication interface 403 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0179] The processor 402 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application.

[0180] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned method for rapid synchronous detection of the health status of the membrane electrode of a fuel cell stack.

[0181] In the description of the application, reference to "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic being described is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, the usage of "N" means at least two, for example, two, three or the like, unless explicitly stated otherwise.

[0182] Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", or the like, are used merely as a designation of certain elements or features, and do not imply or connote relative importance or a specific order of categorization thereof. Accordingly, features described as "first" or "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included in at least one of the features. In the description of the application, the meaning of "N" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless explicitly specified otherwise.

[0183] Any process or method descriptions or blocks in flow charts or otherwise described herein represent embodiments which can be managed as one or more modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logic functions or steps, and alternate implementations are possible. In some embodiments, the processes and methods described can be executed by one or more apparatuses or devices, either directly or after conversion to another language. Alternatively, the processes and methods described herein can be executed by more than one apparatus or device working in concert.

[0184] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (e.g., a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection with one or N wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program can be obtained electronically by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing it in other suitable ways as necessary, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0185] It should be understood that various parts of the present application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiment, the N steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application-specific integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0186] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the method of the above embodiment can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0187] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0188] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Persons skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for rapid and synchronous detection of the health status of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Supplying an inert gas to the test electrode of the fuel cell stack and hydrogen to the counter electrode to maintain the temperature, gas flow, back pressure, and humidity of the fuel cell stack stable within a preset range so that the voltage of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack reaches a first preset stable condition; Applying one or more arbitrary forms of voltage excitation or current excitation to the fuel cell stack, and after reaching a preset excitation threshold, discharging with an arbitrary form of current until a preset second stable condition is reached, recording and collecting the entire stack current signal of the fuel cell stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell during excitation, recording the starting point of each excitation as time zero 1, the time difference between the excitation segment recording point and time zero 1 as t1, the battery voltage in the excitation segment as U1, and the test electrode interface potential difference as V1, recording the end point of discharge after each excitation as time zero 2, the time difference between the discharge segment recording point and time zero 2 as t2, the battery voltage in the discharge segment as U2, and the test electrode interface potential difference as V2; and Based on the overall current signal of the fuel cell stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell, a preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process is used to analyze the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double-layer capacitance and short-circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode to obtain a detection result; The preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process is: Among them, i H is the hydrogen permeation current density, C dl is the double layer capacitance, R e is the short-circuit resistance, Q H is the hydrogen desorption charge, i ch is the excitation current density during the charging process, i dis is the discharge current density during the discharge process, U low To resolve the minimum value of the voltage window, U upp To analyze the maximum voltage window, V1 (0) V2 is the potential difference of the test electrode interface at the excitation starting point, (0) is the test electrode interface potential difference at the discharge endpoint.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Using the voltage window [U low ,U upp ] A total of N charge and discharge recording points are constructed according to the electrochemical model to form a multivariate linear equation system: Solve i through multiple linear regression H , Q H 、C dl , 1 / R e , and obtain the membrane electrode parameters i H , Q H 、C dl 、R e , which can be determined by the hydrogen desorption charge Q H Solve for the catalyst active area: where Γ is the charge required to completely cover the catalyst surface with a monolayer of adsorbed hydrogen, and L is the catalyst loading on the electrode being tested.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The method of using a preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process to analyze the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double layer capacitance and short circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode includes: The total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire process is inversely solved using a preset formula, wherein the preset formula is: Among them, Q Pt_ch Q is the total amount of charge adsorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire charging process. Pt_dis The total amount of charge desorbed from the catalyst surface in real time during the entire charging process; Verify the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Check whether the mean square error of the values ​​meets the preset conditions. If not, adjust the voltage window and re-analyze until the preset conditions are met.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The method of using a preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process to analyze the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double layer capacitance and short circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode includes: When the short-circuit resistance is greater than the upper limit of the preset interval or less than the lower limit of the preset interval, the analytical formula of the preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process is: A multivariate linear equation system is constructed based on the analytical formula, wherein the multivariate linear equation system is: Solve i through multiple linear regression H , Q H 、C dl , in order to inversely solve the total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the real-time catalyst surface.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire process is: Verify the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Check whether the mean square error of the values ​​meets the preset conditions. If not, adjust the voltage window and re-analyze until the preset conditions are met.

6. The method according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that The preset condition is the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Whether the mean square error of the values ​​is less than the preset value.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After reaching the preset excitation threshold, the method further includes: When the highest single-chip voltage of the fuel cell stack reaches the preset excitation threshold, the fuel cell stack is controlled to switch from the excitation state to the discharge state.

8. A rapid synchronous detection device for the health status of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode, characterized in that: include: a supply module for supplying an inert gas to the test electrode of the fuel cell stack and hydrogen to the counter electrode, maintaining the temperature, gas flow, back pressure, and humidity of the fuel cell stack within a preset range, so that the voltage of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack reaches a first preset stable condition; a recording module for applying one or more arbitrary forms of voltage excitation or current excitation to the fuel cell stack, and after reaching a preset excitation threshold, discharging with an arbitrary form of current until a preset second stable condition is reached, recording and collecting the entire stack current signal of the fuel cell stack and the voltage signal of each fuel cell during excitation, recording the starting point of each excitation as time zero 1, the time difference between the excitation segment recording point and time zero 1 as t1, the battery voltage in the excitation segment as U1, and the test electrode interface potential difference as V1; recording the end point of discharge after each excitation as time zero 2, the time difference between the discharge segment recording point and time zero 2 as t2, the battery voltage in the discharge segment as U2, and the test electrode interface potential difference as V2; as well as an analysis module for analyzing the hydrogen permeation current, catalyst active area, double-layer capacitance, and short-circuit resistance of each fuel cell membrane electrode based on the entire fuel cell stack current signal and the voltage signal of each fuel cell using a preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process to obtain a detection result; The preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process is: Among them, i H is the hydrogen permeation current density, C dl is the double layer capacitance, R e is the short-circuit resistance, Q H is the hydrogen desorption charge, i ch is the excitation current density during the charging process, i dis is the discharge current density during the discharge process, U low To resolve the minimum value of the voltage window, U upp To analyze the maximum voltage window, V1 (0) V2 is the potential difference of the test electrode interface at the excitation starting point, (0) is the test electrode interface potential difference at the discharge endpoint.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that Using the voltage window [U low ,U upp ] A total of N charge and discharge recording points are constructed according to the electrochemical model to form a multivariate linear equation system: Solve i through multiple linear regression H , Q H 、C dl , 1 / R e , and obtain the membrane electrode parameters i H , Q H 、C dl 、R e , which can be determined by the hydrogen desorption charge Q H Solve for the catalyst active area: where Γ is the charge required to completely cover the catalyst surface with a monolayer of adsorbed hydrogen, and L is the catalyst loading on the electrode being tested.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The parsing module includes: The inverse solution unit is used to inversely solve the total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire process using a preset formula, wherein the preset formula is: Among them, Q pt_ch Q is the total amount of charge adsorbed on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire charging process. Pt_dis The total amount of charge desorbed from the catalyst surface in real time during the entire charging process; Verification unit, used to verify the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Check whether the mean square error of the values ​​meets the preset conditions. If not, adjust the voltage window and re-analyze until the preset conditions are met.

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that The parsing module also includes: When the short-circuit resistance is greater than the upper limit of the preset interval or less than the lower limit of the preset interval, the analytical formula of the preset electrochemical model of the fuel cell charge and discharge process is: A multivariate linear equation system is constructed based on the analytical formula, wherein the multivariate linear equation system is: Solve i through multiple linear regression H , Q H 、C dl , in order to inversely solve the total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the real-time catalyst surface.

12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that The total amount of adsorption and desorption charge on the catalyst surface in real time during the entire process is: Verify the parsing window [U low ,U upp ]N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Check whether the mean square error of the values ​​meets the preset conditions. If not, adjust the voltage window and re-analyze until the preset conditions are met.

13. The device according to claim 10 or 12, characterized in that The preset condition is the analysis window low ,U upp [N Q obtained by internal inverse solution Pt Whether the mean square error of the values ​​is less than the preset value.

14. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that Also includes: The control module is used to control the fuel cell stack to switch from the excitation state to the discharge state when the highest single-chip voltage of the fuel cell stack reaches the preset excitation threshold after reaching the preset excitation threshold.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method for rapid synchronous detection of the health status of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

16. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: The program is executed by a processor to implement the method for rapid synchronous detection of the health status of a fuel cell stack membrane electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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