Real-time dynamically controllable high-temperature alloy ingot sequential solidification device and method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a high-temperature alloy ingot sequential solidification device capable of real-time dynamic regulation, a bottom cooling module and a plurality of groups of outer side cooling modules are installed at the bottom and the outer side of an ingot mold, the ingot mold is connected with a flow control system through a plurality of groups of thermocouples, and the bottom cooling module and the plurality of groups of outer side cooling modules are connected with a circulating cooling system respectively. The sequential solidification method comprises the following steps: installing the bottom cooling module and the outer side cooling module to different positions of the ingot mold, and arranging a plurality of groups of thermocouples at different positions of the ingot mold; according to temperature data fed back by the thermocouples at different positions, a certain initial temperature is given to the ingot mold; as the liquid level of high-temperature alloy liquid in the ingot mold continuously rises, the temperature measured by the thermocouples at different positions changes, the flow control system dynamically adjusts cooling parameters in real time, and a positive temperature gradient from top to bottom is formed. The sequential solidification of the high-temperature alloy ingot is realized in a more intelligent and more accurate manner, and the shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity at the shaft center are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of casting equipment and casting process technology, specifically relating to a high-temperature alloy ingot sequential solidification device and method that can be dynamically controlled in real time. Background Technology

[0002] In the production process of high-temperature alloy ingots, the molten high-temperature alloy solidifies sequentially from the surface in contact with the mold towards the center. Therefore, the axial center of the bar-shaped ingot is the last part to cool and solidify, and this part is called the hot spot. The molten high-temperature alloy contracts as it cools, so the molten alloy at the hot spot cannot be replenished, resulting in voids. Large, concentrated voids are called shrinkage cavities, while small, dispersed voids are called shrinkage porosity. Shrinkage porosity is often distributed near shrinkage cavities. With the continuous optimization of the performance of military and civilian high-temperature alloy products, the quality requirements for high-temperature alloy ingots are also constantly increasing. Using current casting equipment and processes, defects such as shrinkage cavities and shrinkage porosity are easily generated at the ingot's axial center. These defects directly affect the quality and production efficiency of high-temperature alloy ingots, and consequently, industrial production costs.

[0003] Improving the shrinkage cavities and porosity of high-temperature alloy ingots to enhance their quality has always been a hot research topic for researchers both domestically and internationally. In vacuum high-temperature metallurgy, thermal radiation is the primary means of heat transfer from high-temperature alloy ingots to the outside environment. Furthermore, the cylindrical shape of these ingots makes it difficult to create a temperature gradient for sequential solidification, leading to shrinkage cavities and porosity. Currently, many researchers have proposed various measures to improve secondary shrinkage cavities and porosity based on the solidification mechanism of high-temperature alloys. These measures include wrapping different parts of the mold with refractory materials and using risers and chills to create a sequential initial temperature gradient, thereby enabling the high-temperature alloy liquid to solidify sequentially.

[0004] However, in the actual production process of high-temperature alloy ingots, the solidification shrinkage rate varies depending on the grade of the high-temperature alloy. Furthermore, different market demands require different casting dimensions. Therefore, even applying an initial temperature gradient to the mold cannot effectively improve shrinkage cavities and porosity in high-temperature alloy ingots, resulting in low production efficiency and significant material waste. High-temperature alloy casting and solidification is a dynamic process with continuously changing parameters. To prevent shrinkage cavities and porosity, relying solely on relatively fixed parameter settings is insufficient. Real-time monitoring of the entire dynamic process is necessary. By dynamically adjusting the solidification parameters based on feedback from actual parameters, the problem of shrinkage cavities and porosity in high-temperature alloy ingots can be fundamentally solved.

[0005] In traditional engineering, methods such as setting electromagnetic induction coils or resistance heating at the bottom and outer side of the ingot to impart a certain temperature gradient to the molten metal are also used. However, these methods are equivalent to reheating the molten metal, thus increasing the metal solidification time and reducing production efficiency. If the module is made of metal, these methods cannot be used. Furthermore, using these methods can negatively impact the purity of the high-temperature alloy, as secondary heating can easily cause the molten alloy to react with oxygen, forming oxide inclusions and increasing energy costs.

[0006] The invention patent with publication number CN102773424A discloses a water- and air-cooled steel ingot mold for sequential solidification of steel ingots and its application. The steel ingot mold has a rectangular, circular, or polygonal cross-section and is equipped with independent cooling tanks for water and air circulation from bottom to top. Each cooling tank has a partition on the back of the steel ingot mold, and outer sleeves are fixed on both sides of the partitions, connecting to their respective water and air duct reversing valves. The application method of the steel ingot mold is as follows: control the water velocity at 6-30 m / s, the water temperature at 1-80℃, and the water circulation time at 0.1-20 h; control the air velocity at 2-50 m / s, the air temperature at 10-1000℃, and the ventilation time at 0.1-20 h. This technical solution reduces the porosity of steel ingots through forced cooling. However, during the solidification process, only fixed process parameters are set, and real-time dynamic adjustment of process parameters cannot be achieved. Therefore, defects such as shrinkage cavities and porosity in the steel ingots still need further improvement.

[0007] Patent application CN101797638A discloses an air-cooling device for sequential solidification of steel ingots. This device consists of a cooling system composed of multiple parallel sets of annular air ducts surrounding the lower part of the outer side of the steel ingot mold. Multiple air jets or nozzles are evenly distributed on the inner side of each air duct. Each air duct has its own compressed air inlet pipe and a valve for regulating the air volume. After casting, each air duct ventilates and cools the surface of the steel ingot mold from bottom to top as the steel ingot solidifies. However, this technical solution does not consider the dynamic process of the alloy liquid solidifying while being cast. Shrinkage cavities and porosity already occur during the alloy liquid casting process, and external cooling cannot improve these conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-temperature alloy ingot sequential solidification device that can be dynamically controlled in real time, including a bottom cooling module and at least one set of outer cooling modules. The bottom cooling module is installed at the bottom of the ingot mold, and the outer cooling modules are installed on the outer surface of the ingot mold. The ingot mold is connected to a flow control system via a thermocouple, and the bottom cooling module and the outer cooling modules are respectively connected to a circulating cooling system.

[0009] Preferably, the outer cooling module consists of three groups; the ingot mold is installed with a bottom cooling module, a first group of outer cooling modules, a second group of outer cooling modules, and a third group of outer cooling modules in sequence from bottom to top.

[0010] In any of the above solutions, it is preferred that the distance between the bottom cooling module and the first group of outer cooling modules is 3-5cm; the distance between two adjacent groups of outer cooling modules is 3-5cm.

[0011] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that the lower part of the bottom cooling module and the upper part of the outer cooling module are respectively provided with cooling medium inflow pipes and cooling medium outflow pipes.

[0012] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that both the cooling medium inlet pipe and the cooling medium outlet pipe are connected to the circulating cooling system via mechanical pumps.

[0013] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the cooling medium inflow pipes of the bottom cooling module, the first group of outer cooling modules, the second group of outer cooling modules and the third group of outer cooling modules are respectively provided with a first flow control valve, a second flow control valve, a third flow control valve and a fourth flow control valve.

[0014] In any of the above embodiments, preferably, a first thermocouple is provided on the ingot mold between the bottom cooling module and the first group of outer cooling modules, and the first thermocouple is connected to the flow control system to control the first flow control valve; a second thermocouple is provided on the ingot mold between the first group of outer cooling modules and the second group of outer cooling modules, and the second thermocouple is connected to the flow control system to control the second flow control valve; a third thermocouple is provided on the ingot mold between the second group of outer cooling modules and the third group of outer cooling modules, and the third thermocouple is connected to the flow control system to control the third flow control valve; a fourth thermocouple is provided on the ingot mold above the third group of outer cooling modules, and the fourth thermocouple is connected to the flow control system to control the fourth flow control valve.

[0015] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that both the bottom cooling module and the outer cooling module have spiral cooling medium flow channels inside.

[0016] In this invention, a mechanical pump and a circulating cooling system ensure controllable temperature of the cooling medium during circulation. The mechanical pump is connected to the bottom cooling module and multiple sets of outer cooling modules via cooling copper pipes, allowing the cooling medium to circulate normally within these modules. Depending on the type of alloy being cooled, water, air, or other cooling media can be selected. Multiple thermocouples are connected to a flow control system, which uses temperature data fed back from the thermocouples to dynamically monitor the casting process in real time and adjust relevant parameters of the solidification equipment (such as the flow rate of the cooling medium and cooling time). Both the bottom and outer cooling modules are composed of detachable components to facilitate the installation of ingot molds of different sizes.

[0017] Since the high-temperature alloy casting process takes place in a vacuum environment, the ingot's heat dissipation is primarily through thermal radiation. Therefore, different parts of the high-temperature alloy ingot can be cooled using an external cooling device. The lower the temperature and the faster the flow rate of the cooling medium inside the device, the faster the heat dissipation. This invention adjusts the heat dissipation rate of different parts of the high-temperature alloy ingot by changing the relevant parameters of the bottom and external cooling devices, ultimately enabling the high-temperature alloy ingot to solidify sequentially from bottom to top, thereby improving the quality of the alloy ingot.

[0018] During the cooling process of high-temperature alloys, the alloy grade, mold, and ingot size all affect the cooling effect. To improve defects such as shrinkage cavities and porosity at the ingot's axial direction caused by an unsuitable solidification sequence during the solidification process of high-temperature alloy ingots, this invention provides a real-time dynamically adjustable sequential solidification device for high-temperature alloy ingots. This device uses a bottom cooling module and multiple sets of outer cooling modules to cool the molten high-temperature alloy during casting and solidification with a positive temperature gradient from top to bottom. This ensures that the molten high-temperature alloy solidifies sequentially from the bottom to the top of the ingot mold, thereby improving the shrinkage cavities and porosity throughout the ingot, especially the secondary shrinkage cavities at the ingot's axial direction, improving the quality of the alloy ingot, and reducing the solidification time of the high-temperature alloy ingot.

[0019] This invention also provides a method for sequential solidification of high-temperature alloy ingots that can be dynamically controlled in real time. This method employs any of the aforementioned sequential solidification devices for high-temperature alloy ingots that can be dynamically controlled in real time, and includes the following steps in sequence:

[0020] Step 1: Install the bottom cooling module and outer cooling module of the real-time dynamically adjustable high-temperature alloy ingot sequential solidification device onto the corresponding parts of the vertically placed ingot mold; simultaneously, install a first thermocouple on the ingot mold between the bottom cooling module and the first set of outer cooling modules, install a second thermocouple on the ingot mold between the first set of outer cooling modules and the second set of outer cooling modules, install a third thermocouple on the ingot mold between the second set of outer cooling modules and the third set of outer cooling modules, and install a fourth thermocouple above the third set of outer cooling modules; place the sequential solidification device and ingot mold as a whole into the vacuum chamber and evacuate the vacuum chamber;

[0021] Step 2: Turn on the main power supply, and the sequential solidification device will start working. Based on the temperature data fed back by thermocouples in different parts, and in combination with the properties of the high-temperature alloy to be cast, a certain initial temperature is given to the ingot mold.

[0022] Step 3: High-temperature alloy liquid is poured into the ingot mold through the flow channel. As the liquid level of the high-temperature alloy liquid inside the ingot mold continues to rise, the temperature measured by thermocouples at different parts changes and is fed back to the flow control system. In order to make the temperature measured by thermocouples at different parts meet a certain relationship, the flow control system regulates the flow rate of the cooling medium inside the bottom cooling module and the outer cooling module by controlling the flow control valve, thereby changing the cooling intensity of each part of the ingot mold, so that the overall trend of cooling intensity gradually increases from top to bottom, forming a positive temperature gradient from top to bottom.

[0023] Step 4: As the high-temperature alloy solidifies sequentially, based on the temperature data fed back by thermocouples at different locations, once the high-temperature alloy has been shaped, the flow control valve and thermocouples are closed from bottom to top, thus completing the casting process of the high-temperature alloy.

[0024] Preferably, in step three, the temperatures measured by thermocouples at different locations satisfy the following relationship:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, λ is the coefficient of linear expansion of the high-temperature alloy, which is the ratio of the length of the high-temperature alloy after its temperature is increased by 1℃ to the length of the metal before the temperature is increased. It is dimensionless.

[0027] c e —Concentration of metallic elements in high-temperature alloys, wt%;

[0028] Φ1—Outer diameter of the ingot mold, mm;

[0029] Φ2—Inner diameter of the ingot mold, mm;

[0030] Φ3—Diameter of the molten casting stream at the taphole, in mm;

[0031] T1—The initial temperature of the ingot mold, i.e., the temperature of the first thermocouple, in °C;

[0032] T2—Temperature of the first set of outer cooling modules, i.e., the temperature of the second thermocouple, in °C;

[0033] T3 – The temperature of the second set of outer cooling modules, i.e., the temperature of the third thermocouple, in °C;

[0034] T4 – Temperature of the third outer cooling module, i.e., the temperature of the fourth thermocouple, in °C.

[0035] This invention employs a real-time dynamically adjustable sequential solidification method for high-temperature alloy ingots, which can accelerate the crystallization rate of high-temperature alloy ingots, reduce the solidification time, and avoid the negative effects caused by quenching. Furthermore, when the real-time temperature of the ingot measured by the thermocouple is fed back to the flow control system, the flow control system can adjust the relevant parameters of the circulating cooling system, effectively improving the secondary shrinkage cavities in the high-temperature alloy ingots, enhancing the surface quality of the alloy ingots, and significantly improving production efficiency.

[0036] The present invention relates to a real-time dynamically adjustable sequential solidification device and method for high-temperature alloy ingots, applicable to the industrial production of high-temperature master alloy bar castings of various grades in vacuum high-temperature metallurgical equipment. Compared with existing vacuum metallurgical casting equipment and processes, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0037] (1) Multiple cooling modules are used and set in different parts of the high-temperature alloy ingot mold. Thermocouples in different parts monitor the working conditions in real time and adjust the flow rate and cooling time of the cooling medium in real time. This achieves the sequential solidification of the high-temperature alloy ingot in a more intelligent and precise way, avoiding shrinkage cavities and porosity at the axial center.

[0038] (2) Adopt a real-time dynamic control method to reduce manual operation, reduce the accident rate, save labor costs and improve production efficiency.

[0039] (3) All parts of the sequential solidification device can be disassembled for easy replacement and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom cooling module and the outer cooling module in a preferred embodiment of the high-temperature alloy ingot sequential solidification device and method with real-time dynamic control according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the working principle of the embodiment shown.

[0042] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A photograph of the cross-section of the cast ingot after casting in the illustrated embodiment.

[0043] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1-Ingot mold, 2-Bottom cooling module, 3-First group of outer cooling modules, 4-Second group of outer cooling modules, 5-Third group of outer cooling modules, 6-Cooling medium inlet pipe, 7-Cooling medium outlet pipe, 8-Mechanical pump, 9-Circulating cooling system, 10-First flow control valve, 11-Second flow control valve, 12-Third flow control valve, 13-Fourth flow control valve, 14-First thermocouple, 15-Second thermocouple, 16-Third thermocouple, 17-Fourth thermocouple, 18-Flow control system. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To further understand the invention, the following detailed description of the invention will be provided in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0045] According to a preferred embodiment of the high-temperature alloy ingot sequential solidification device that can be dynamically controlled in real time according to the present invention, it includes a bottom cooling module and three sets of outer cooling modules. The bottom cooling module is installed at the bottom of the ingot mold, and the outer cooling modules are installed on the outer surface of the ingot mold. The ingot mold is connected to a flow control system via thermocouples, and the bottom cooling module and the outer cooling modules are respectively connected to a circulating cooling system.

[0046] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the ingot mold 1 is sequentially equipped with a bottom cooling module 2, a first set of outer cooling modules 3, a second set of outer cooling modules 4, and a third set of outer cooling modules 5 from bottom to top. The distance between the bottom cooling module 2 and the first set of outer cooling modules 3 is 3 cm; the distance between any two adjacent sets of outer cooling modules is also 3 cm. Both the bottom cooling module and the outer cooling modules have spiral cooling medium flow channels inside.

[0047] The bottom cooling module 2 and the three sets of outer cooling modules are respectively provided with cooling medium inflow pipes 6 at the bottom and cooling medium outflow pipes 7 at the top. Both the cooling medium inflow pipes 6 and the cooling medium outflow pipes 7 are connected to the circulating cooling system 9 through a mechanical pump 8.

[0048] The cooling medium inflow pipes 6 of the bottom cooling module 2, the first group of outer cooling modules 3, the second group of outer cooling modules 4 and the third group of outer cooling modules 5 are respectively equipped with a first flow control valve 10, a second flow control valve 11, a third flow control valve 12 and a fourth flow control valve 13.

[0049] A first thermocouple 14 is installed on the ingot mold 1 between the bottom cooling module 2 and the first group of outer cooling modules 3. The first thermocouple 14 is connected to the flow control system 18, thereby controlling the first flow control valve 10. A second thermocouple 15 is installed on the ingot mold 1 between the first group of outer cooling modules 3 and the second group of outer cooling modules 4. The second thermocouple 15 is connected to the flow control system 18, thereby controlling the second flow control valve 11. A third thermocouple 16 is installed on the ingot mold 1 between the second group of outer cooling modules 4 and the third group of outer cooling modules 5. The third thermocouple 16 is connected to the flow control system 18, thereby controlling the third flow control valve 12. A fourth thermocouple 17 is installed on the ingot mold 1 above the third group of outer cooling modules 5. The fourth thermocouple 17 is connected to the flow control system 18, thereby controlling the fourth flow control valve 13.

[0050] In this embodiment, the mechanical pump and circulating cooling system ensure controllable temperature of the cooling medium during circulation. The mechanical pump is connected to the bottom cooling module and multiple sets of outer cooling modules via cooling copper pipes, allowing the cooling medium to circulate normally within these modules. Multiple thermocouples are connected to a flow control system, which uses temperature data from the thermocouples to monitor the casting process in real time and adjust relevant parameters of the solidification equipment (such as the flow rate of the cooling medium and cooling time). Both the bottom and outer cooling modules are composed of detachable components to accommodate the installation requirements of ingot molds of different sizes.

[0051] This embodiment also provides a real-time dynamically adjustable sequential solidification method for high-temperature alloy ingots. This method uses the real-time dynamically adjustable sequential solidification device for high-temperature alloy ingots of this embodiment, and includes the following steps in sequence:

[0052] Step 1: Install the bottom cooling module and outer cooling module of the real-time dynamically adjustable high-temperature alloy ingot sequential solidification device onto the corresponding parts of the vertically placed ingot mold; simultaneously, install a first thermocouple on the ingot mold between the bottom cooling module and the first set of outer cooling modules, install a second thermocouple on the ingot mold between the first set of outer cooling modules and the second set of outer cooling modules, install a third thermocouple on the ingot mold between the second set of outer cooling modules and the third set of outer cooling modules, and install a fourth thermocouple above the third set of outer cooling modules; place the sequential solidification device and ingot mold as a whole into the vacuum chamber and evacuate the vacuum chamber;

[0053] Step 2: Turn on the main power supply, and the sequential solidification device will start working. Based on the temperature data fed back by thermocouples in different parts, and in combination with the properties of the high-temperature alloy to be cast, a certain initial temperature is given to the ingot mold.

[0054] Step 3: High-temperature alloy liquid is poured into the ingot mold through the flow channel. As the liquid level of the high-temperature alloy liquid inside the ingot mold continues to rise, the temperature measured by thermocouples at different parts changes and is fed back to the flow control system. In order to make the temperature measured by thermocouples at different parts meet a certain relationship, the flow control system regulates the flow rate of the cooling medium inside the bottom cooling module and the outer cooling module by controlling the flow control valve, thereby changing the cooling intensity of each part of the ingot mold, so that the overall trend of cooling intensity gradually increases from top to bottom, forming a positive temperature gradient from top to bottom.

[0055] Step 4: As the high-temperature alloy solidifies sequentially, based on the temperature data fed back by thermocouples at different locations, once the high-temperature alloy has been shaped, the flow control valve and thermocouples are closed from bottom to top, thus completing the casting process of the high-temperature alloy.

[0056] In step three, the temperatures measured by thermocouples at different locations satisfy the following relationship:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, λ is the coefficient of linear expansion of the high-temperature alloy, which is the ratio of the length of the high-temperature alloy after its temperature is increased by 1℃ to the length of the metal before the temperature is increased. It is dimensionless.

[0059] c e —Concentration of metallic elements in high-temperature alloys, wt%;

[0060] Φ1—Outer diameter of the ingot mold, mm;

[0061] Φ2—Inner diameter of the ingot mold, mm;

[0062] Φ3—Diameter of the molten casting stream at the taphole, in mm;

[0063] T1—The initial temperature of the ingot mold, i.e., the temperature of the first thermocouple, in °C;

[0064] T2—Temperature of the first set of outer cooling modules, i.e., the temperature of the second thermocouple, in °C;

[0065] T3 – The temperature of the second set of outer cooling modules, i.e., the temperature of the third thermocouple, in °C;

[0066] T4 – Temperature of the third outer cooling module, i.e., the temperature of the fourth thermocouple, in °C.

[0067] This embodiment employs a real-time dynamically adjustable sequential solidification method for high-temperature alloy ingots, which can accelerate the crystallization rate of high-temperature alloy ingots, reduce the solidification time, and avoid the negative effects caused by quenching. Furthermore, when the real-time temperature of the ingot measured by the thermocouple is fed back to the flow control system, the flow control system can adjust the relevant parameters of the circulating cooling system, effectively improving the secondary shrinkage cavities in the high-temperature alloy ingots, enhancing the surface quality of the alloy ingots, and significantly improving production efficiency.

[0068] In this embodiment, FGH96 alloy is selected as the high-temperature alloy. The prepared ingot has a height of 1.5m and a diameter of 100mm, and the casting process takes only 12s. Water is selected as the cooling medium. The initial temperature of the ingot mold is 420℃. Commonly used equipment can be used for the flow control system and the circulating cooling system; there are no strict requirements on the specific models. The key to this embodiment is not the choice of equipment, but rather its ability to provide automatic control. The flow control valve is selected as the SR24A-SR-5 model. The cross-section of the ingot prepared in this embodiment is as follows. Figure 3 As shown, 10 cross-sectional photos were obtained by cutting the ingot radially every 10cm. The photos show that there are no obvious shrinkage cavities or porosity inside the ingot, indicating that the ingot is of excellent quality.

[0069] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the real-time dynamically adjustable high-temperature alloy ingot sequential solidification device and method of the present invention includes any combination of the inventive content and specific embodiments described in the above specification and the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings. Due to space limitations and for the sake of brevity, not all of these combinations have been described in detail. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for sequential solidification of high-temperature alloy ingots with real-time dynamic control, characterized in that, A high-temperature alloy ingot sequential solidification device with real-time dynamic control is adopted, which includes a bottom cooling module and at least one set of outer cooling modules. The bottom cooling module is installed at the bottom of the ingot mold, and the outer cooling module is installed on the outer surface of the ingot mold. The ingot mold is connected to a flow control system via a thermocouple. The bottom cooling module and the outer cooling module are respectively connected to a circulating cooling system. The outer cooling module consists of three groups; the ingot mold is installed with a bottom cooling module, a first group of outer cooling modules, a second group of outer cooling modules, and a third group of outer cooling modules in sequence from bottom to top; the bottom cooling module and the outer cooling module are respectively provided with cooling medium inflow pipes at their lower parts and cooling medium outflow pipes at their upper parts; both the cooling medium inflow pipes and the cooling medium outflow pipes are connected to the circulating cooling system through mechanical pumps; The cooling medium inflow pipes of the bottom cooling module, the first group of outer cooling modules, the second group of outer cooling modules and the third group of outer cooling modules are respectively equipped with a first flow control valve, a second flow control valve, a third flow control valve and a fourth flow control valve; A first thermocouple is installed on the ingot mold between the bottom cooling module and the first group of outer cooling modules. The first thermocouple is connected to the flow control system and thus controls the first flow control valve. A second thermocouple is installed on the ingot mold between the first group of outer cooling modules and the second group of outer cooling modules. The second thermocouple is connected to the flow control system and thus controls the second flow control valve. A third thermocouple is installed on the ingot mold between the second group of outer cooling modules and the third group of outer cooling modules. The third thermocouple is connected to the flow control system and thus controls the third flow control valve. A fourth thermocouple is installed on the ingot mold above the third group of outer cooling modules. The fourth thermocouple is connected to the flow control system and thus controls the fourth flow control valve. The real-time dynamically adjustable sequential solidification method for high-temperature alloy ingots includes the following steps in sequence: Step 1: Install the bottom cooling module and outer cooling module of the real-time dynamically adjustable high-temperature alloy ingot sequential solidification device onto the corresponding parts of the vertically placed ingot mold; simultaneously, install a first thermocouple on the ingot mold between the bottom cooling module and the first set of outer cooling modules, install a second thermocouple on the ingot mold between the first set of outer cooling modules and the second set of outer cooling modules, install a third thermocouple on the ingot mold between the second set of outer cooling modules and the third set of outer cooling modules, and install a fourth thermocouple above the third set of outer cooling modules; place the sequential solidification device and ingot mold as a whole into the vacuum chamber and evacuate the vacuum chamber; Step 2: Turn on the main power supply, and the sequential solidification device will start working. Based on the temperature data fed back by thermocouples in different parts, and in combination with the properties of the high-temperature alloy to be cast, a certain initial temperature is given to the ingot mold. Step 3: High-temperature alloy liquid is poured into the ingot mold through the flow channel. As the liquid level of the high-temperature alloy liquid inside the ingot mold continues to rise, the temperature measured by thermocouples at different parts changes and is fed back to the flow control system. In order to make the temperature measured by thermocouples at different parts meet a certain relationship, the flow control system regulates the flow rate of the cooling medium inside the bottom cooling module and the outer cooling module by controlling the flow control valve, thereby changing the cooling intensity of each part of the ingot mold, so that the overall trend of cooling intensity gradually increases from top to bottom, forming a positive temperature gradient from top to bottom. Step 4: As the high-temperature alloy solidifies sequentially, based on the temperature data fed back by thermocouples at different locations, once the high-temperature alloy has been shaped, the flow control valve and thermocouples are closed from bottom to top, thus completing the casting process of the high-temperature alloy. In step three, the temperatures measured by thermocouples at different locations satisfy the following relationship: In the formula, λ is the coefficient of linear expansion of the high-temperature alloy, which is dimensionless. c e —Concentration of metallic elements in high-temperature alloys, wt% Φ1—Outer diameter of the ingot mold, mm; Φ2—Inner diameter of the ingot mold, mm; Φ3—Diameter of the molten casting stream at the taphole, in mm; T1—Initial temperature of the ingot mold, °C; T2 — Temperature of the first set of external cooling modules, in °C; T3 — Temperature of the second set of external cooling modules, in °C; T4 – Temperature of the third group of external cooling modules, in °C.

2. The method for sequential solidification of high-temperature alloy ingots with real-time dynamic control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the bottom cooling module and the first group of outer cooling modules is 3-5cm; the distance between any two adjacent groups of outer cooling modules is 3-5cm.

3. The method for sequential solidification of high-temperature alloy ingots with real-time dynamic control as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Both the bottom cooling module and the outer cooling module have spiral cooling medium flow channels inside.

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