Underwater drilling and blasting vibration effect control device, system and application method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater blasting, and specifically discloses a device, system, and application method for controlling the vibration effects of underwater drilling and blasting. The device comprises a protective outer tube, an air jet inner tube, and a filler storage tube; the protective outer tube is sleeved on the outside of the air jet inner tube and is detachably connected to the air jet inner tube; a plurality of air outlet holes are provided on the wall of the air jet inner tube; the filler storage tube is provided on the upper portion of the air jet inner tube, and the inner cavity of the filler storage tube is connected to the inner cavity of the air jet inner tube through a feed port; a cut-off member is provided at the feed port; an air inlet pipe is provided between the feed port and the air jet inner tube; and the inner cavity of the filler storage tube is filled with a hydraulic cementitious material. The present invention has the advantages of convenient operation, high work efficiency, and significant wave-blocking effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater blasting, and in particular to a device, system and application method for controlling vibration effects of underwater drilling and blasting. Background Art

[0002] During underwater rock drilling and blasting in water transport and hydropower projects, the blasting energy generates seismic waves in the rock. The peak vibrations of these waves can adversely affect surrounding structures. For example, when blasting underwater reefs or obstacles near bridge piers, docks, or residential buildings, these protected structures may be damaged. As the amount of explosives used in underwater blasting increases, the shock waves and energy flux generated by underwater blasting are stronger and have a wider impact range than those generated by air blasting. For example, when blasting a 173kg TNT spherical charge underwater, the shock wave pressures at 1.525m, 15.25m, and 152.5m from the explosion center are 235 MPa, 15.3 MPa, and 1.11 MPa, respectively. Therefore, effective protection is essential during the blasting process. Currently, there are public reports of using bubble curtain technology to weaken underwater shock waves. For example, some documents disclose the use of bubble generating tubes tied to buoys. The bubble generating tubes are distributed in a circle around the water area surrounding the blasting area, so that the blasting area is completely enclosed. Air supply connecting pipes are then connected to both ends of the bubble generating tubes, which are connected to an air compressor. The air compressor supplies air to form a bubble curtain in the blasting area, and the bubble curtain is used to attenuate the shock waves, pressure, and energy generated in the blasting area. However, the above solution still has the following technical problems: in rivers with fast currents, it is difficult to ensure the stability of the bubble generating tubes after positioning, and they are easily dispersed by the rapid current, resulting in the shock waves during the blasting process not being effectively attenuated. At the same time, the water flow will also affect the bubbles. For example, in deep waters, the water flow will impact the bubbles, causing the bubbles to flow in the direction of the water flow, thereby reducing the protective effect of the bubble curtain and making it unable to effectively protect the surrounding protected objects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a device for controlling underwater drilling and blasting vibration effects with good protection effect and high safety factor.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A device for controlling vibration effects of underwater drilling and blasting comprises a protective outer tube, an air-jet inner tube, and a filler storage tube; the protective outer tube is sleeved on the outside of the air-jet inner tube and is detachably connected to the air-jet inner tube; a plurality of air outlet holes are formed on the wall of the air-jet inner tube; the filler storage tube is provided on the upper portion of the air-jet inner tube, and the inner cavity of the filler storage tube is connected to the inner cavity of the air-jet inner tube through a feed opening; a shut-off member is provided at the feed opening; an air inlet pipe is provided between the feed opening and the air-jet inner tube; and the inner cavity of the filler storage tube is filled with a hydraulic cementitious material.

[0006] Preferably, the shut-off member is a valve switch.

[0007] Preferably, an air intake pipe socket is provided at the lower portion of the filler storage tube; the air intake pipe is detachably provided in the air intake pipe socket; the air intake pipe serves as the cut-off component, and its upper portion blocks and seals the discharge port.

[0008] Preferably, a retention socket is provided at the discharge port; a retention rod is detachably provided in the retention socket.

[0009] Preferably, a socket is provided at the bottom of the jet inner tube, and the lower portion of the protective outer tube is detachably connected to the socket.

[0010] Preferably, a socket is provided at the bottom of the jet inner tube, and a drill bit is provided at the lower part of the socket;

[0011] The lower portion of the protective outer tube is detachably connected to the socket; the upper portion of the protective outer tube is provided with a drilling rig connection portion; the filler storage tube is detachably connected to the air injection inner tube. Preferably, the outer wall of the protective outer tube is further provided with a slag discharge groove.

[0012] Preferably, the protective outer tube is made of ceramic, metal, or hard plastic; and the filler storage tube is made of degradable plastic, PE, or silicone.

[0013] The control system using the underwater drilling and blasting vibration effect control device as described above further includes an air pump and an air pipe; the air pipe connects the air pump and the air inlet pipe.

[0014] The application method of controlling the vibration effect of underwater drilling and blasting using the control system described above comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1: Drilling a number of collection holes between the blasting area and the protection, and the collection holes are distributed in the water area around the protection; the depth of the collection holes exceeds the foundation depth of the protection;

[0016] S2: The control device is placed in the collecting hole;

[0017] S3: Pull out the protective outer tube;

[0018] S4: Connecting the air pump to the air inlet pipe through an air pipe;

[0019] S5: before performing underwater blasting, starting the air pump to form a bubble curtain at the collecting hole;

[0020] S6: Complete protection;

[0021] S7: The air delivery pipe is removed and the shut-off member is removed or controlled to open the discharge port. The hydraulic cementitious material in the filler storage tube naturally falls and settles and fills the inner jet tube and the collecting hole. The filling and hardening of the hydraulic cementitious material achieves the repair of the collecting hole around the protective object.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0023] The present invention is provided with a protective outer tube. When the device is in use, the device is inserted into the air collection hole to protect the air outlet hole in the jet inner tube, thereby preventing sludge and fine sand from clogging the air outlet hole. During the underwater blasting process, the jet inner tube ejects gas and forms bubbles, thereby forming a bubble curtain, which plays a role in attenuating shock waves. A filling material storage tube is provided for containing hydraulic cementitious material. After the bubble curtain protection effect is achieved, the feed opening is opened to cause the hydraulic cementitious material to naturally fall and settle, and fill the jet inner tube and the air collection hole. The filling and hardening of the hydraulic cementitious material realizes automatic repair of all the air collection holes around the protected object, thereby avoiding affecting the stability and firmness of the foundation around the protected object due to drilling the air collection holes, and achieving good use effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the control device of the present invention after being inserted into the collecting hole;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the lieutenant general after the protective outer tube is pulled out;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the hydraulic cementitious material falling after the air intake pipe is removed;

[0027] Figure 4 is a distribution diagram of the empty holes of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the second specific embodiment of the control device of the present invention after being inserted into the collecting hole;

[0029] Figure 6is a cross-sectional view of the third embodiment of the control device of the present invention after being inserted into the collecting hole and the inner air-jet tube is separated from the filling material storage tube;

[0030] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the middle jet inner tube and the filler storage tube when combined;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of a case where the lower portion of the filler storage tube is provided with an air intake pipe fixing slot;

[0032] Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional view of a fourth specific embodiment of the control device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0034] In the following embodiments, “left, right,” “front, back,” and “inside” are merely directions defined for the convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the structure of the present invention.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a device for controlling the vibration effects of underwater drilling and blasting comprises a protective outer tube 2, an air-jet inner tube 4, and a filler storage tube 8. The protective outer tube 2 is sheathed over the air-jet inner tube 4 and is detachably connected to the air-jet inner tube 4. The air-jet inner tube 4 has a plurality of air outlet holes 3 formed on its wall. The filler storage tube 8 is provided on the upper portion of the air-jet inner tube 4. The inner cavity of the filler storage tube 8 communicates with the inner cavity of the air-jet inner tube 4 via a discharge port 7. The discharge port 7 is provided with a shut-off member. An air inlet pipe 12 is provided between the discharge port 7 and the air-jet inner tube 4. The inner cavity of the filler storage tube 8 is filled with a hydraulic cementitious material 9. The purpose of this design is that the protective outer tube 2 covers the outside of the jet inner tube 4, providing protection. During use, the process of inserting it into the collection hole 14 prevents mud and sand from clogging the air outlet holes 3 on the jet inner tube 4. Before ventilation is performed, the protective outer tube 2 can be removed. Of course, if the gap reserved between the protective outer tube 2 and the jet inner tube 4 is wide enough, the protective outer tube 2 can be left in place during use. By removing the protective outer tube 2, the gap between the outer wall of the jet inner tube 4 and the inner wall of the collection hole 14 is wide enough, thereby preventing small bubbles formed by the air outlet holes 3 of the protective outer tube 2 from agglomerating into large bubbles in the collection hole 14, reducing the amount of bubbles in the bubble curtain and reducing the protective effect. At the same time, removing the protective outer tube 2 also facilitates the subsequent filling of the hydraulic cementitious material 9 from the air outlet holes 3 and other sources into the inner wall of the collection hole 14 when it falls, thereby improving the repair effect of the collection hole 14 in the foundation of the protected object. In this embodiment, the hydraulic cementitious material 9 preferably uses ultrafine powder hydraulic cementitious material, such as cement or a mixture of cement, gypsum, fine sand and other ultrafine powders. The powder particle size can be smaller than the aperture of the air outlet 3, preferably a powder with a particle size of 200 mesh or more.

[0036] The following materials can be used when preparing this device:

[0037] The protective outer tube 2 can be made of ceramic, metal, or hard plastic. Its main function is to protect and guide the insertion into the collecting hole 14. Therefore, it is best to use a hard material.

[0038] The filler storage tube 8 can be made of degradable plastic, PE, or silicone. Its primary function is to store the hydraulically settable gelling material. Therefore, it can be made of either a rigid or flexible material. The advantage of using a flexible material is that when the hydraulically settable gelling material is fed, it can be swung like underwater weeds under the influence of water fluctuations. Furthermore, once the feeding is complete, the flexible material can lie flat, minimizing its impact on the underwater environment. Furthermore, during preparation, the required filling volume for the sump holes and the inner jet tube 4 must be carefully calculated to ensure that a sufficient amount of hydraulically settable gelling material can be stored to fully fill the relevant pores.

[0039] Preferably, in some embodiments, the shut-off member is a valve switch.

[0040] Preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the filler storage tube 8 has an air inlet opening 11 at its lower portion and an air inlet support hole 6 at its other side. A removable air inlet pipe 12 is installed within the air inlet opening 11. The air inlet pipe 12 serves as the intercepting member, its upper portion blocking and sealing the feed opening 7. Before use, it seals the feed opening 7. Once removed, the feed opening 7 opens, allowing the hydraulic binder to fall.

[0041] In order to facilitate the extraction operation of the protective outer tube 2, the air inlet pipe 12 can be selected as follows Figure 1 As shown, a longer air intake pipe can be made of hard plastic or a flexible material such as silicone or rubber. Under this technical solution, a plurality of air outlets 12-1 are provided on the bottom surface of the air intake pipe 12. The air outlets 12-1 are communicated with the inner cavity 13 of the jet inner tube 4 to supply air to the jet inner tube 4. When preparing the air intake pipe 12, it is best to design its diameter with a slight interference fit to prevent the air intake pipe 12 from rotating in the air intake pipe socket 11.

[0042] In order to achieve a stable placement of the intake pipe 12, some embodiments may further include the following Figure 8 The structure shown is provided with an air intake pipe fixing groove 17 , and the air intake pipe 12 can be movably inserted into the air intake pipe fixing groove 17 .

[0043] Preferably, some embodiments can also configure the above structure as follows Figure 9 As shown, a retention socket is provided at the discharge port 7; a retention rod 7-1 is detachably provided in the retention socket, and in order to facilitate the extraction of the retention rod 7-1, a convex ring 7-1-1 can be provided at the outer end of the retention rod 7-1. The material of the retention rod 7-1 can be selected from hard materials or flexible materials. In order to avoid hindering the extraction of the protective outer tube 2, the outer part of the retention rod 7-1 can be set shorter. If a flexible material is used, a solid silicone rod can be selected. The retention rod 7-1 used can preferably be designed with interference fit relative to the retention socket to prevent the rotation of the retention rod 7-1. Under this technical solution, the air inlet pipe 12 can be rigidly connected to the filler storage pipe 8 or integrally formed. The air inlet pipe 12 is mainly used to connect to the gas pipe. Therefore, in this embodiment, if Figure 9 As shown, the air inlet pipe 12 can be configured as a gas pipe joint structure. This design not only reduces costs but also facilitates practical operations, such as removing the gas pipe or the protective outer tube 2 during operation.

[0044] Preferably, Figure 1 As shown, a socket 1 is provided at the bottom of the jet inner tube 4. In this embodiment, the cross section of the socket 1 is stepped, which facilitates the detachable connection between the lower portion of the protective outer tube 2 and the socket 1, i.e., a sleeve connection in this embodiment. The socket 1 also plays the following role: after the protective outer tube 2 is removed, Figures 2-3 As shown, the socket 1 is inserted into the collecting hole 14 as a base, and plays a supporting and stabilizing role for the inner air injection tube 4 and the filler storage tube 8.

[0045] Preferably, based on the fact that when the present invention is used, it is necessary to drill holes (collection holes 14) in the foundation of the water area surrounding the protected object, therefore, some embodiments can also set the device to the following structure: Figures 6-7 as well as Figure 9 As shown, a socket 16 is provided at the bottom of the jet inner tube 4, and a drill bit 15 is provided at the lower part of the socket 16; the lower part of the protective outer tube 2 is detachably connected to the socket 16. In this embodiment, the socket 16 can be an external hexagonal structure, because in this embodiment, a drill connection part 2-1 is provided at the upper part of the protective outer tube 2, and its function is that the drill connection part 2-1 is used to connect the output shaft or coupling device of the drill rig when in use, and then transmit the power to the drill bit 15 through the protective outer tube 2. Therefore, in terms of material selection, the socket 16 The protective outer tube 2 can preferably be made of metal, such as stainless steel or carbon steel. In this embodiment, the filler storage tube 8 is detachably connected to the top of the air-injection inner tube 4 via a connection portion 8-2 provided at its lower portion. This design has the advantage that during drilling, the filler storage tube 8 is separated from the air-injection inner tube 4. After drilling to a sufficient depth, the protective outer tube 2 is removed and then reconnected to the air-injection inner tube 4. The connection structure employed can be a common plug-in or threaded connection. Preferably, to facilitate slag removal, the outer wall of the protective outer tube 2 is also provided with a slag removal groove 2-2, which facilitates the transfer of sand during the drilling process. This embodiment offers the advantages of more convenient and efficient operation, reducing underwater operation time. Furthermore, drilling can be performed directly with the drill bit 15, eliminating the need to remove the drill bit. This allows for a better and more secure fit within the device, minimizing the impact of drilling on the foundation surrounding the protected object and improving the strength and stability of the repaired foundation.

[0046] The control system for the underwater drilling and blasting vibration control device described above further includes an air pump and an air pipeline; the air pipeline connects the air pump and the air inlet pipe 12. During operation, the air pump supplies air, and the air pipeline then delivers high-pressure air through the air inlet pipe 12 into the inner jet pipe 4.

[0047] The application method of controlling the vibration effect of underwater drilling and blasting using the control system described above comprises the following steps:

[0048] S1: Drill several collection holes 14 between the blasting area and the protection, and the collection holes are distributed in the water area around the protection; the depth of the collection holes exceeds the foundation depth of the protection; Figure 4 As shown, preferably, several of the aforementioned air-collecting holes 14 are distributed in rows, and the air-collecting holes 14 between two adjacent rows are staggered, so that the bubble curtain formed when a large number of bubbles are formed can play an alternating role. In the present invention, by drilling holes in the foundation of the water area surrounding the protected object, when forming the bubble curtain, the bubble curtain has the following differences compared to the traditional technical solution: the bubble curtain of the present invention is a bubble curtain formed from the foundation surrounding the protected object (i.e., the foundation that exceeds the depth of the foundation of the protected object), so that a large number of bubble curtains are formed in the foundation, i.e., the foundation can attenuate the shock wave transmitted by the underwater blasting, which can better attenuate the shock wave, thereby better reducing the damage caused to the foundation of the protected object and the protected object, and having a better protection effect on the protected object. At the same time, the direct bubble curtain is directly set in the foundation water area surrounding the protected object, and the bubble curtain will not be excessively disturbed by the water flow. Even if the water flow is fast, it can still ensure that the bubble curtain plays its due attenuation effect.

[0049] S2: The control device is placed in the collecting hole;

[0050] In this embodiment, this step has the following two operation schemes:

[0051] Solution 1: Use a conventional drilling machine to drill a hole to obtain a hollow hole 14 , and then insert the control device into the hollow hole 14 .

[0052] Solution 2: Directly use Figures 6-7 as well as Figure 9 In the structure shown, a hole is directly drilled using a drill bit 15, and then the jet inner tube 4, the drill bit 15, etc. are directly left in the hole.

[0053] S3: Pull out the protective outer tube 2;

[0054] S4: Connecting the air pump to the air inlet pipe 12 through an air pipe;

[0055] S5: before performing underwater blasting, starting the air pump to form a bubble curtain at the collecting hole;

[0056] S6: Complete protection;

[0057] S7: The gas transmission pipe is removed and the shut-off member is removed or controlled to open the discharge port 7. The hydraulic cementitious material in the filler storage tube 8 naturally falls and settles and fills the inner air injection tube 4 and the collecting hole. The filling and hardening of the hydraulic cementitious material achieves the repair of the collecting hole around the protective object.

[0058] To demonstrate the technical effects of the present invention, the present invention was compared with the prior art in a numerical test. A comparative example involved tying existing bubble generating tubes to buoys and distributing them in a circle around the waters surrounding the blasting area, completely enclosing the blasting area. Air supply connecting pipes were then connected to both ends of the bubble generating tubes, which were then connected to an air compressor. Air was supplied through the compressor, prompting the formation of a bubble curtain within the blasting area.

[0059] 1. Test equipment list

[0060]

[0061] 2. Test method:

[0062] The sensor measuring point positions include in front of the curtain and behind the curtain (the test point behind the curtain of the comparative example is the same as the test point behind the curtain of the present invention, and is about 20 meters away from the explosion point); the explosion point position is the same; the number of curtain layers is the same.

[0063] 3. Test results

[0064] 3.1 Average water velocity: 0.1m bubble curtain underwater blasting shock wave test numerical statistics

[0065] 3.2 Average water velocity: 0.3m bubble curtain underwater blasting shock wave test numerical statistics

[0066]

[0067] From the above results, it can be seen that the present invention has a better protection effect on the protected object than the comparative example under the same detonation amount. The effects are mainly reflected in: 1. The wave blocking rate is better; 2. The wave blocking rate is more stable and reliable under different water flow rates, and the wave blocking rate of the comparative technical solution is more interfered with as the water flow rate increases. The wave blocking rate decreases from 95.82% when the average water flow is 0.1m to 95.71% when the average water flow is 0.3m. The reason may be that the position of the bubble curtain is at a position with a higher water flow rate, and the bubbles in the bubble curtain will be affected by the impact of the water flow, thereby reducing its wave blocking effect; and because the bubble curtain of the present invention is arranged in the water area around the protected object (ie, close to the shore), the bubble curtain is less affected by the impact of the water flow. At the same time, the faster the river flow is, the more it relies on the influence of the high-speed water flow itself on the vibration wave, and thus the wave blocking rate can be improved in the technical solution of the present invention. It can be seen from the above that the technical effect of the present invention has been significantly improved compared with the existing technical solution.

[0068] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core ideas. The above are only preferred implementation methods of the present invention. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, they can make several improvements, modifications or changes, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for controlling vibration effects of underwater drilling and blasting, characterized by: The device comprises a protective outer tube, an air-jet inner tube, and a filler storage tube; the protective outer tube is sheathed on the outside of the air-jet inner tube and is detachably connected to the air-jet inner tube; a plurality of air outlet holes are formed on the wall of the air-jet inner tube; the filler storage tube is provided on the upper portion of the air-jet inner tube, and the inner cavity of the filler storage tube is connected to the inner cavity of the air-jet inner tube through a discharge port; a shut-off member is provided at the discharge port; an air inlet pipe is provided between the discharge port and the air-jet inner tube; the inner cavity of the filler storage tube is filled with a hydraulic cementitious material; Drill several collection holes between the blasting area and the protection object; It also includes an air pump and an air pipe; the air pipe connects the air pump to the air inlet pipe; The air delivery pipe is removed and the shut-off member is removed or controlled to open the discharge port, and the hydraulic cementitious material in the filler storage tube naturally falls and fills the jet inner tube and the collection hole. The filling and hardening of the hydraulic cementitious material achieves the repair of the collection hole around the protective object.

2. The underwater drilling and blasting vibration effect control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shut-off component is a valve switch.

3. The underwater drilling and blasting vibration effect control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air intake pipe socket is provided at the lower portion of the filler storage tube; the air intake pipe is detachably provided in the air intake pipe socket; the air intake pipe serves as the intercepting component, and its upper portion blocks and seals the discharge port.

4. The underwater drilling and blasting vibration effect control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A retention socket is provided at the discharge port; a retention rod is detachably provided in the retention socket.

5. The underwater drilling and blasting vibration effect control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A socket is provided at the bottom of the jet inner tube, and the lower portion of the protective outer tube is detachably connected to the socket.

6. The underwater drilling and blasting vibration effect control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A socket is provided at the bottom of the jet inner tube, and a drill bit is provided at the lower part of the socket; the lower part of the protective outer tube is detachably connected to the socket; a drill connection part is provided at the upper part of the protective outer tube; the filler storage tube is detachably connected to the jet inner tube.

7. The underwater drilling and blasting vibration effect control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the protective outer tube is also provided with a slag discharge groove.

8. The underwater drilling and blasting vibration effect control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective outer tube is made of ceramic, metal or hard plastic; the filler storage tube is made of degradable plastic, PE or silicone.

9. An application method of the underwater drilling and blasting vibration effect control device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Drilling a number of collection holes between the blasting area and the protection, and the collection holes are distributed in the water area around the protection; the depth of the collection holes exceeds the foundation depth of the protection; S2: The control device is placed in the collecting hole; S3: Pull out the protective outer tube; S4: Connecting the air pump to the air inlet pipe through an air pipe; S5: before performing underwater blasting, starting the air pump to form a bubble curtain at the collecting hole; S6: Complete protection; S7: The air delivery pipe is removed and the shut-off member is removed or controlled to open the discharge port. The hydraulic cementitious material in the filler storage tube naturally falls and fills the inner jet tube and the collecting hole. The filling and hardening of the hydraulic cementitious material achieves repair of the collecting hole around the protective object.

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