Harvester drum concave gap float hydraulic control system and method and drum assembly

Abstract

This invention relates to a hydraulic control system and method for a harvester drum concave plate gap floating mechanism and a drum assembly. The hydraulic control system for the harvester drum concave plate gap floating mechanism includes a concave plate gap adjusting cylinder, a hydraulic pump, and an accumulator. The cylinder barrel of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is hinged to the harvester body, and the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is hinged to the concave plate. The hydraulic pump is connected to the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder through a cylinder drive pipeline. A two-position three-way solenoid directional valve and a two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve are provided on the cylinder drive pipeline along the hydraulic oil flow direction. The hydraulic pump is connected to the accumulator through an accumulator pipeline. A first one-way valve and a second one-way valve are provided on the accumulator pipeline along the energy storage direction. A first pressure relief pipeline connecting back to the oil tank is also connected to the accumulator pipeline between the first and second one-way valves. A first relief valve is provided on the first pressure relief pipeline. The concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is connected to the accumulator pipeline between the first pressure relief pipeline and the second one-way valve through a second pressure relief pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a hydraulic control system and method for the floating gap between the concave plates of a harvester drum and a drum assembly. Background Technology

[0002] To adapt to the harvesting needs of different types of crops and different crop conditions, the gap between the threshing concave plate and the threshing drum in current grain combine harvesters on the market is not adjustable. The adjustment method is mostly based on the control lever structure, which is adjusted manually or by motor drive. This adjustment method generally has a complex transmission mechanism, high operating force, poor overall reliability, and the gap becomes a rigid structure after adjustment. When the harvesting feed increases, the load power of the drum will increase without limit, thereby affecting the drum speed and causing incomplete threshing, grain leakage, or even drum jamming. The concave plate gap control does not have an overload protection function, the threshing concave plate cannot automatically adjust according to the grain feed, and it will accelerate the wear of the drum and concave plate, affecting their service life. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve one or more of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a hydraulic control system and method for the gap between the concave plates of a harvester drum and a drum assembly.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A hydraulic control system for the floating gap of a harvester drum concave plate includes a concave plate gap adjusting cylinder, a hydraulic pump, a two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve, a two-position three-way solenoid directional valve, an accumulator, and a first relief valve. The cylinder of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is hinged to the harvester body, and the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is hinged to the concave plate. The hydraulic pump is connected to the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder through a cylinder drive pipeline. A two-position three-way solenoid directional valve and a two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve are sequentially arranged along the hydraulic oil flow direction on the cylinder drive pipeline. The hydraulic pump is also connected to the accumulator through an accumulator pipeline. A first one-way valve and a second one-way valve are sequentially arranged along the energy storage direction on the energy storage pipeline. A first pressure relief pipeline connecting back to the oil tank is also connected to the energy storage pipeline between the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve. A first relief valve is arranged on the first pressure relief pipeline. The concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is also connected to the energy storage pipeline between the first pressure relief pipeline and the second one-way valve through a second pressure relief pipeline.

[0005] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The floating hydraulic control system for the gap between the harvester drum and the concave plate of the present invention can adjust the gap between the concave plates in the cab. By setting an accumulator, when the feed amount of the drum suddenly increases, the hydraulic system will automatically adapt to the load change, realize the overload protection function, improve the threshing effect, and extend the service life of the drum and the concave plate.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a displacement sensor for detecting the gap between the concave plates and adjusting the length of the hydraulic cylinder, with the two ends of the displacement sensor connected to the harvester body and the concave plate, respectively.

[0008] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: by setting a displacement sensor, the stroke of the concave plate gap adjustment cylinder can be detected in real time, and the concave plate gap can be adjusted according to the amount of feed, thereby realizing intelligent control of the concave plate gap.

[0009] Furthermore, there are two concave plate gap adjusting cylinders, namely a concave plate gap adjusting active cylinder and a concave plate gap adjusting driven cylinder arranged in series. The cylinder driving pipeline is connected to the rodless chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting active cylinder, the rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting active cylinder is connected to the rodless chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting driven cylinder through a series pipeline, and the rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting driven cylinder is connected to the second pressure relief pipeline.

[0010] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by using two concave plate gap adjustment cylinders, the adjustment action of the concave plate gap becomes more stable.

[0011] Furthermore, a third pressure relief pipeline connecting back to the oil tank is connected to the cylinder drive pipeline downstream of the hydraulic pump, and a second relief valve is provided on the third pressure relief pipeline; the relief pressure of the first relief valve is greater than the relief pressure of the second relief valve.

[0012] Furthermore, the rodless chamber area of ​​the active cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S1, the rod chamber area of ​​the active cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S2, the rodless chamber area of ​​the driven cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S3, and the rod chamber area of ​​the driven cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S4, wherein S2 = S3, and the combined speed ratio of the active cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap and the driven cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S1 / S4; the overflow pressure of the first relief valve is less than the product of the overflow pressure of the second relief valve and the combined speed ratio.

[0013] Furthermore, the rod chamber and rodless chamber of the active cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap are connected through a first throttle valve, and the rod chamber and rodless chamber of the driven cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap are connected through a second throttle valve.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder for adjusting the gap between the two concave plates can be corrected by setting a throttle valve.

[0015] Furthermore, the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder, the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve, the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve, the cylinder drive pipeline, and the second pressure relief pipeline are all the same in two sets. The cylinder barrels of the two sets of concave plate gap adjusting cylinders are respectively hinged to the harvester body, and the piston rods of the two sets of concave plate gap adjusting cylinders are respectively hinged to the two concave plates.

[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting two sets of concave plate gap adjustment cylinders, the two concave plates can be controlled independently.

[0017] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is provided on the second pressure relief pipeline; a third throttle valve is also provided on the cylinder drive pipeline downstream of the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve, and a fourth throttle valve is connected in parallel to the second one-way valve; the P port and A port of the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve are respectively connected to the cylinder drive pipeline, and the T port of the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve is connected to the oil tank through the third pressure relief pipeline.

[0018] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: a pressure sensor can be used to detect the overload pressure value of the concave plate; and the third and fourth throttle valves can be used for hydraulic oil pressure buffering.

[0019] A drum assembly includes a drum, a concave plate, a drum cover, and a hydraulic control system for the drum-concave plate gap of a harvester. The drum cover is installed on the harvester body and covers the drum. The concave plate covers the drum below and forms a drum-concave plate gap with the drum. One end of the drum cover is hinged to the concave plate. The cylinder of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is hinged to the harvester body above the concave plate. The piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder extends downward and is hinged to the concave plate.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the roller assembly of the present invention allows for adjustment of the gap between the concave plates inside the cab, thereby extending the service life of the concave plates and the rollers.

[0021] The method for floating hydraulic control of the gap between the concave plates of a harvester drum is implemented using the aforementioned floating hydraulic control system for the gap between the concave plates of a harvester drum, including:

[0022] When the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve is energized, it reverses; when the two-position two-way check valve is de-energized, the hydraulic pump delivers hydraulic oil through the cylinder-driven pipeline. The oil passes through the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve and the two-position two-way check valve and enters the rodless chamber of the concave plate clearance adjustment cylinder, increasing the concave plate clearance. The return oil flows from the rod chamber of the concave plate clearance adjustment cylinder through the second check valve into the accumulator. When the return oil pressure is greater than the overflow pressure of the first relief valve, the hydraulic oil is discharged back to the oil tank through the accumulator.

[0023] When the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve is de-energized, the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve is energized, and the rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder retracts under the action of the hydraulic control system, thus reducing the gap between the drum concave plates. The return oil flows from the rodless chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder back to the oil tank through the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve and the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve.

[0024] After the gap between the roller concave plates is adjusted, both the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve and the two-position two-way check valve are de-energized. The rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder maintains a retracting tendency under the pressure of the hydraulic control system. The hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is cut off by the two-position two-way check valve, and the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder remains in its original position, so the gap between the roller concave plates remains unchanged.

[0025] When the concave plate is overloaded, if the tension on the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder exceeds the overflow value of the first relief valve, the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder enters the accumulator through the second check valve or flows back to the oil tank through the first relief valve. At this time, the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is forced to extend, and the gap between the drum and the concave plate increases, thus achieving overload protection. When the concave plate returns to normal load, the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve is energized and reversed, causing the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder to retract. After the gap between the drum and the concave plate returns to normal, the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve is de-energized.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are: it can automatically adapt to load changes, achieve overload protection, and improve threshing effect. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the roller assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a side view of the roller assembly of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the hydraulic control system for the gap between the concave plates of the harvester drum in this invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the hydraulic control system for the gap between the concave plates of the harvester drum in this invention, which controls the increase of the gap between the concave plates of the drum.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the hydraulic control system for the gap between the concave plates of the harvester drum in this invention, which controls the reduction of the gap between the concave plates of the drum.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the piston area in the active cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap and the driven cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap of the present invention.

[0033] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0034] 1. Active cylinder for adjusting concave plate clearance; 11. Driven cylinder for adjusting concave plate clearance; 13. First throttle valve; 14. Second throttle valve; 15. Displacement sensor;

[0035] 2. Concave plate; 21. Roller; 22. Gap between roller and concave plate; 23. Roller top cover;

[0036] 3. Accumulator; 31. First check valve; 32. Second check valve; 33. Fourth throttle valve; 4. Hydraulic pump; 41. Two-position three-way solenoid directional valve; 42. Two-position two-way check valve; 43. Third throttle valve; 5. First relief valve; 51. Second relief valve; 6. Pressure sensor; 7. Oil tank. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0038] like Figures 1-6 As shown in this embodiment, a hydraulic control system for the floating gap of a harvester drum concave plate includes a concave plate gap adjusting cylinder, a hydraulic pump 4, a two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve 42, a two-position three-way solenoid directional valve 41, an accumulator, and a first overflow valve 5. The cylinder barrel of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is hinged to the harvester body, and the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is hinged to the concave plate 2. The hydraulic pump 4 is connected to the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder through a cylinder drive pipeline. Two-position three-way solenoid valves are sequentially arranged along the hydraulic oil flow direction on the cylinder drive pipeline. The hydraulic pump 4 is also connected to the accumulator 3 via an energy storage pipeline. The energy storage pipeline is provided with a first check valve 31 and a second check valve 32 arranged sequentially along the energy storage direction. A first pressure relief pipeline connecting back to the oil tank 7 is also connected to the energy storage pipeline between the first check valve 31 and the second check valve 32. A first relief valve 5 is provided on the first pressure relief pipeline. The concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is also connected to the energy storage pipeline between the first pressure relief pipeline and the second check valve 32 via a second pressure relief pipeline.

[0039] In this embodiment, the hydraulic pump 4 provides constant pressure energy to the entire hydraulic control system. It can be a combination of a fixed displacement pump and an overflow valve, or it can be a constant pressure pump.

[0040] like Figures 2-5 As shown, the floating hydraulic control system for the gap between the harvester drum concave plates in this embodiment also includes a displacement sensor 15 for detecting the length of the cylinder for adjusting the gap between the concave plates. The two ends of the displacement sensor 15 are respectively connected to the harvester body and the concave plate 2. By setting the displacement sensor, the stroke of the cylinder for adjusting the gap between the concave plates can be detected in real time, and the gap between the concave plates can be adjusted according to the amount of feed, thereby realizing intelligent control of the gap between the concave plates.

[0041] like Figures 2-5 As shown, in this embodiment, there are two concave plate gap adjusting cylinders: a concave plate gap adjusting active cylinder 1 and a concave plate gap adjusting driven cylinder 11, which are connected in series. The cylinder drive pipeline is connected to the rodless chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting active cylinder 1, and the rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting active cylinder 1 is connected to the rodless chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting driven cylinder 11 through a series pipeline. The rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting driven cylinder 11 is connected to a second pressure relief pipeline. Using two concave plate gap adjusting cylinders makes the concave plate gap adjusting action more stable.

[0042] like Figures 3-5 As shown, in this embodiment, a third pressure relief pipeline connecting back to the oil tank 7 is connected to the cylinder drive pipeline downstream of the hydraulic pump 4. A second relief valve 51 is provided on the third pressure relief pipeline; the relief pressure of the second relief valve 51 is greater than the relief pressure of the first relief valve 5.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the rodless chamber area of ​​the active cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S1, the rod chamber area of ​​the active cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S2, the rodless chamber area of ​​the driven cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S3, and the rod chamber area of ​​the driven cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S4, where S2 = S3. The combined speed ratio of the active cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap and the driven cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S1 / S4. The overflow pressure of the first relief valve is less than the product of the overflow pressure of the second relief valve and the combined speed ratio. The rodless chamber area and the rod chamber area are the working areas of the pistons in the corresponding cylinders.

[0044] like Figures 3-5As shown, in this embodiment, the rod-side chamber and rodless chamber of the active cylinder 1 for adjusting the concave plate gap are connected through a first throttle valve 13, and the rod-side chamber and rodless chamber of the driven cylinder 11 for adjusting the concave plate gap are connected through a second throttle valve 14. After the harvester has been operating for a period of time, leakage of hydraulic oil in the concave plate gap adjusting cylinders may cause the active cylinder 1 and the driven cylinder 11 for adjusting the concave plate gap to have the same stroke, which can lead to twisting and deformation of the concave plate. By setting a throttle valve and using a displacement sensor, the stroke of the two concave plate gap adjusting cylinders can be corrected. The stroke of the active cylinder 1 for adjusting the concave plate gap is detected by its displacement sensor, and the stroke of the driven cylinder 11 for adjusting the concave plate gap is detected by its displacement sensor. When there is an error in the stroke of the two cylinders, and the error exceeds the allowable value, the electrical control system will automatically control the active cylinder 1 for adjusting the concave plate gap to retract, so that the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the active cylinder 1 for adjusting the concave plate gap enters the rod chamber through the first throttle valve 13, and then enters the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the driven cylinder 11 for adjusting the concave plate gap. That is, the active cylinder 1 for adjusting the concave plate gap compensates for the driven cylinder 11 for adjusting the concave plate gap through the first throttle valve 13, and the driven cylinder 11 for adjusting the concave plate gap corrects for the active cylinder 11 for adjusting the concave plate gap through the second throttle valve 14. When the displacement deviation of each cylinder detected by the two displacement sensors on the two cylinders returns to normal, the electrical control system will automatically control the active cylinder 1 for adjusting the concave plate gap and the driven cylinder 11 for adjusting the concave plate gap to adjust the concave plate 2 to the initial set position, thus completing the correction of the concave plate gap.

[0045] like Figures 3-5 As shown, in this embodiment, the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder, the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve 42, the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve 41, the cylinder drive pipeline, and the second pressure relief pipeline are all in two identical sets. The cylinder barrels of the two sets of concave plate gap adjusting cylinders are respectively hinged to the harvester body, and the piston rods of the two sets of concave plate gap adjusting cylinders are respectively hinged to the two concave plates 2. By setting two sets of concave plate gap adjusting cylinders, the two concave plates can be independently controlled.

[0046] like Figures 3-5 As shown, in this embodiment, a pressure sensor 6 is provided on the second pressure relief pipeline; a third throttle valve 43 is also provided on the cylinder drive pipeline downstream of the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve 42, and a fourth throttle valve 33 is connected in parallel to the second one-way valve 32; the P port and A port of the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve 41 are respectively connected to the cylinder drive pipeline, and the T port of the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve 41 is connected to the oil tank 7 through the third pressure relief pipeline. The pressure sensor can be used to detect the overload pressure value of the concave plate. The third and fourth throttle valves can be used for hydraulic oil pressure buffering.

[0047] In this embodiment, the harvester drum concave plate gap floating hydraulic control system operates as follows: The two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve is a two-position two-way solenoid valve. The P port of the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve is connected to the A port of the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve 41. The A port of the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve is connected to the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also provides a roller assembly, including a roller 21, a concave plate 2, a roller cover 23, and the aforementioned hydraulic control system for the roller concave plate gap floating. The roller cover 23 is installed on the harvester body and covers the roller 21. The concave plate 2 covers the roller 21 and forms a roller concave plate gap 22 between the roller and the roller 21. One end of the roller cover 23 is hinged to the concave plate 2. The cylinder of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is hinged to the harvester body above the concave plate 2. The piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder extends downward and is hinged to the concave plate 2. When the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder extends, the concave plate moves downward, increasing the gap between it and the roller. When the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder retracts, the concave plate moves upward, decreasing the gap between it and the roller, thus achieving the adjustment of the gap between the concave plate and the roller. The roller assembly of this embodiment allows adjustment of the concave plate gap from inside the cab, extending the service life of the concave plate and the roller.

[0049] The roller assembly of this embodiment includes two rollers 21, two concave plates 2, and two roller covers 23. The gap between the two sets of rollers 21 and concave plates 2 can be adjusted by two sets of concave plate gap adjustment cylinders and related components.

[0050] This embodiment also provides a method for floating hydraulic control of the gap between the concave plates of a harvester drum, which is implemented using the above-mentioned floating hydraulic control system for the gap between the concave plates of a harvester drum, including:

[0051] The two-position three-way solenoid directional valve 41 is energized and reverses, while the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve 42 is de-energized. The hydraulic pump 4, through the cylinder-driven pipeline, delivers hydraulic oil through the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve 41 and the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve 42 into the rodless chamber of the concave plate clearance adjustment cylinder. This increases the roller concave plate clearance 22. Figure 4 As shown; the return oil enters the accumulator 3 from the rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjustment cylinder through the second check valve 32. When the return oil pressure is greater than the overflow pressure of the first overflow valve 5, the hydraulic oil is discharged back to the oil tank 7 through the accumulator 3.

[0052] When the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve 41 is de-energized, the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve 42 is energized, and the rod chamber of the concave plate clearance adjusting cylinder retracts under the action of the hydraulic control system, thus reducing the concave plate clearance 22 of the roller. Figure 5As shown; the return oil flows from the rodless chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder back to the oil tank 7 through the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve 42 and the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve 41;

[0053] After the drum concave plate gap 22 is adjusted, both the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve 41 and the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve 42 are de-energized. The rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder maintains a retracting tendency under the pressure of the hydraulic control system. The hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is cut off by the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve 42. The concave plate gap adjusting cylinder remains in its original position, and the drum concave plate gap 22 remains unchanged.

[0054] When the concave plate 2 is overloaded, the tension on the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder exceeds the overflow value of the first relief valve 5. The hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder enters the accumulator 3 through the second check valve 32 or flows back to the oil tank 7 through the first relief valve 5. At this time, the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is forced to extend, and the gap 22 of the drum concave plate increases, thus achieving overload protection. When the concave plate 2 returns to normal load, the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve 42 is energized and reversed, causing the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder to retract. After the gap 22 of the drum concave plate returns to normal, the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve 42 is de-energized.

[0055] The harvester drum concave plate gap floating hydraulic control system and method of this embodiment can realize the adjustment of the concave plate gap in the cab. By setting up an accumulator, when the drum feed suddenly increases, the hydraulic system will automatically adapt to the load change, realize the overload protection function, improve the threshing effect, and extend the service life of the drum and concave plate.

[0056] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "inner", "outer", "upstream", "downstream", "axial", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0057] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0058] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0060] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic control system for the floating gap of the concave plate of a harvester drum, characterized in that, The system includes a concave plate gap adjusting cylinder, a hydraulic pump, a two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve, a two-position three-way solenoid directional valve, an accumulator, and a first relief valve. The cylinder barrel of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is hinged to the harvester body, and the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is hinged to the concave plate. The hydraulic pump is connected to the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder via a cylinder drive pipeline. A two-position three-way solenoid directional valve and a two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve are sequentially arranged along the hydraulic oil flow direction on the cylinder drive pipeline. The hydraulic pump is also connected to the accumulator via an accumulator pipeline. A first one-way valve and a second one-way valve are sequentially arranged along the energy storage direction on the energy storage pipeline. A first pressure relief pipeline connecting back to the oil tank is also connected to the energy storage pipeline between the first and second one-way valves. A first relief valve is arranged on the first pressure relief pipeline. The concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is also connected to the energy storage pipeline between the first pressure relief pipeline and the second one-way valve via a second pressure relief pipeline. There are two concave plate gap adjusting cylinders, namely a concave plate gap adjusting active cylinder and a concave plate gap adjusting driven cylinder arranged in series. The cylinder driving pipeline is connected to the rodless chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting active cylinder. The rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting active cylinder is connected to the rodless chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting driven cylinder through a series pipeline. The rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting driven cylinder is connected to the second pressure relief pipeline. A third pressure relief pipeline connecting back to the oil tank is connected to the cylinder drive pipeline downstream of the hydraulic pump. A second relief valve is provided on the third pressure relief pipeline. The relief pressure of the first relief valve is greater than the relief pressure of the second relief valve. The rodless chamber area of ​​the active cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S1, the rod chamber area of ​​the active cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S2, the rodless chamber area of ​​the driven cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S3, and the rod chamber area of ​​the driven cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S4, wherein S2 = S3, and the combined speed ratio of the active cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap and the driven cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap is S1 / S4; the overflow pressure of the first overflow valve is less than the product of the overflow pressure of the second overflow valve and the combined speed ratio.

2. The harvester drum concave plate gap floating hydraulic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a displacement sensor for detecting the gap between the concave plates and adjusting the length of the hydraulic cylinder, with the two ends of the displacement sensor connected to the harvester body and the concave plate, respectively.

3. The harvester drum concave plate gap floating hydraulic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rod chamber and rodless chamber of the active cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap are connected through a first throttle valve, and the rod chamber and rodless chamber of the driven cylinder for adjusting the concave plate gap are connected through a second throttle valve.

4. The harvester drum concave plate gap floating hydraulic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concave plate gap adjusting cylinder, the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve, the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve, the cylinder drive pipeline, and the second pressure relief pipeline are all in two identical sets. The cylinder barrels of the two sets of concave plate gap adjusting cylinders are respectively hinged to the harvester body, and the piston rods of the two sets of concave plate gap adjusting cylinders are respectively hinged to the two concave plates.

5. The harvester drum concave plate gap floating hydraulic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure sensor is provided on the second pressure relief pipeline; a third throttle valve is also provided on the cylinder drive pipeline downstream of the two-position two-way check valve, and a fourth throttle valve is connected in parallel to the second check valve; the P port and A port of the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve are respectively connected to the cylinder drive pipeline, and the T port of the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve is connected to the oil tank through the third pressure relief pipeline.

6. A roller assembly, characterized in that, The invention includes a drum, a concave plate, a drum cover, and a floating hydraulic control system for the gap between the drum and the concave plate of a harvester as described in any one of claims 1 to 5. The drum cover is installed on the harvester body and covers the drum. The concave plate covers the drum below and forms a gap between the drum and the drum. One end of the drum cover is hinged to the concave plate. The cylinder of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is hinged to the harvester body above the concave plate. The piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder extends downward and is hinged to the concave plate.

7. A hydraulic control method for the floating gap of the concave plate of a harvester drum, characterized in that, This is achieved using the harvester drum concave plate gap floating hydraulic control system as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: When the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve is energized, it reverses; when the two-position two-way check valve is de-energized, the hydraulic pump delivers hydraulic oil through the cylinder-driven pipeline. The oil passes through the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve and the two-position two-way check valve and enters the rodless chamber of the concave plate clearance adjustment cylinder, increasing the concave plate clearance. The return oil flows from the rod chamber of the concave plate clearance adjustment cylinder through the second check valve into the accumulator. When the return oil pressure is greater than the overflow pressure of the first relief valve, the hydraulic oil is discharged back to the oil tank through the accumulator. When the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve is de-energized, the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve is energized, and the rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder retracts under the action of the hydraulic control system, thus reducing the gap between the drum concave plates. The return oil flows from the rodless chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder back to the oil tank through the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve and the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve. After the gap between the roller concave plates is adjusted, both the two-position three-way solenoid directional valve and the two-position two-way check valve are de-energized. The rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder maintains a retracting tendency under the pressure of the hydraulic control system. The hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is cut off by the two-position two-way check valve, and the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder remains in its original position, so the gap between the roller concave plates remains unchanged. When the concave plate is overloaded, if the tension on the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder exceeds the overflow value of the first relief valve, the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder enters the accumulator through the second check valve or flows back to the oil tank through the first relief valve. At this time, the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder is forced to extend, and the gap between the drum and the concave plate increases, thus achieving overload protection. When the concave plate returns to normal load, the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve is energized and reversed, causing the piston rod of the concave plate gap adjusting cylinder to retract. After the gap between the drum and the concave plate returns to normal, the two-position two-way one-way shut-off valve is de-energized.

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