Explosion Welding Structure and Process of Large-Area Zirconium-Titanium Steel Explosion Clad Plate

Abstract

The invention discloses an explosion welding structure and process for a large-area zirconium-titanium-steel explosion composite plate. The structure includes a sand base, a base steel plate, a transition layer titanium plate, a clad zirconium plate, and an explosive layer. It also includes a sealing film and a protection air guiding mechanism. The sealing film is wrapped between the edges of the base steel plate and the transition layer titanium plate, and between the edges of the transition layer titanium plate and the clad zirconium plate. During construction, a sealed gap cavity is formed between the steel plate and the titanium plate, and between the titanium plate and the zirconium plate through the sealing film. Gap support is carried out through the gap cavity. At the same time, with the fitting protection, positioning and guiding, and negative pressure air guiding effects of the protection air guiding mechanism, the sheets of each layer are accurately combined, and at the same time, the gas in the gap is fully and quickly discharged instantly during the explosion, thereby avoiding defects on the bonding surface and contributing to the formation of a firm metallurgical bond.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of explosion welding composite plates, and particularly to an explosion welding structure and process for large-area zirconium-titanium-steel explosion composite plates. Background Art

[0002] Zirconium is a high-temperature active metal that reacts with oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, etc. when heated at high temperatures (however, at room temperature or not too high temperatures, the dense oxide film formed on the surface has a protective effect. Therefore, zirconium shows corrosion resistance that cannot be compared with other metals in most harsh corrosion environments. However, directly using pure noble metal materials such as zirconium to manufacture full-thickness chemical equipment not only costs a lot but also causes waste of resources. Therefore, it is usually used after being compounded with steel plates. Such composite plates not only comprehensively utilize the advantages of zirconium and steel but also greatly reduce the manufacturing cost, and the average cost is only 1 / 5 - 1 / 6 of that of zirconium materials. Zirconium, titanium, and steel cannot be fusion-welded. Applying explosion welding technology to process zirconium / titanium / steel composite plates provides a practical and reliable way to save resources, reduce equipment cost, and meet special corrosion resistance requirements.

[0003] Currently, the existing explosion welding construction structure and process for zirconium-titanium-steel composite plates have the following defects: For the explosion welding of large-area zirconium-titanium-steel composite plates, a large number of gap supports need to be set between the base plate and multiple cladding plates to ensure support stability. However, due to the large area of the plates, on the one hand, too many supports will affect the smooth discharge of gas in the gap during explosion, resulting in the bonding quality of the plates not being guaranteed; on the other hand, the residues of the supports after explosion are likely to form defects that are difficult to repair on the bonding surface of the plates, further reducing the bonding quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an explosion welding structure and process for large-area zirconium-titanium-steel explosion composite plates, which solve the problems that the existing explosion welding structure and process for zirconium-titanium-steel composite plates bring, such as the gas in the gap cannot be discharged smoothly and it is easy to form defects on the bonding surface of the plates due to excessive use of gap supports.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The explosive welding structure of a large-area zirconium-titanium steel explosive composite plate includes a sand base, a base steel plate, a transition layer titanium plate, a composite zirconium plate and an explosive layer laid in sequence from bottom to top, and also includes a sealing film and a protective air entraining mechanism. The sealing film is wrapped between the edges of the steel plate and the titanium plate, and between the edges of the titanium plate and the zirconium plate, so that a sealed gap cavity is formed between the steel plate and the titanium plate, and between the titanium plate and the zirconium plate, and the titanium plate and the zirconium plate are supported respectively through the gap cavity. The protective air entraining mechanism includes a connecting plate, and a plurality of movable plates rotatably connected to the connecting plate. The connecting plate is pre-buried in the sand base below the steel plate. The movable plates extend upward from different directions of the steel plate and pass through the steel plate, the titanium plate and the zirconium plate in sequence, so that the inner side of the movable plate is fitted to the sealing film. The top ends of all movable plates are higher than the top surface of the zirconium plate, so as to form a frame groove on the top surface of the zirconium plate for laying the explosive layer.

[0007] A further improvement is that the bottom end of the movable plate is rotatably connected to the connecting plate via a hinge seat.

[0008] A further improvement is that the connecting plate, the movable plate and the hinge seat are all made of metal.

[0009] A further improvement is that the connecting plate is provided with elastic members at positions outside each movable plate, and the elastic members are used to support the movable plates and make the movable plates have a tendency to rotate inwards.

[0010] A further improvement is that the connection plate is provided with a buffer block at the outer side of each movable plate, and the buffer block is used to play a supporting and buffering role after the movable plate rotates outward.

[0011] A further improvement is that the sealing film is made of butyl rubber, and the thickness of the sealing film is 0.1-1 mm, and the upper and lower edges of the sealing film are bonded to the steel plate, titanium plate or zirconium plate.

[0012] The present invention also provides an explosion welding process for a large-area zirconium-titanium steel explosion composite plate. The explosion welding process utilizes the above-mentioned explosion welding structure, and the specific steps include:

[0013] S1. Take zirconium plates, titanium plates and steel plates of set sizes and grind their surfaces to remove pollutants and oxide layers;

[0014] S2. Install and protect the air entrainment mechanism, so that the connecting plate is horizontally pre-buried in the sand base, each movable plate extends upward and the rotation angle of the movable plate is temporarily fixed;

[0015] S3. Lay the steel plate flat on the sand base, lift the titanium plate so that it is located directly above the steel plate, wrap the edges of the steel plate and the titanium plate with a sealing film to form a sealed gap cavity of a set height between the steel plate and the titanium plate, support the titanium plate through the gap cavity, and then support the zirconium plate in the same way;

[0016] S4. Release the fixation of the movable plate, rotate the movable plate to fit against the sealing film, limit and protect the sealing film. At the same time, form a frame groove for laying the explosive layer on the top surface of the zirconium plate through the movable plate, fill the frame groove with explosive of a set thickness, and place the detonator and lead wire.

[0017] S5. Detonate the detonator to make the explosive explode. During the explosion process, on the one hand, an impact force on the movable plate is generated, causing all the movable plates to rotate outward, exposing the sealing film and generating negative pressure outside the sealing film. On the other hand, an impact force on the zirconium plate is generated, causing the zirconium plate to move rapidly towards the titanium plate at a high speed. The generated extrusion force squeezes and breaks the sealing film between the zirconium plate and the titanium plate, so that the gas in the gap cavity is instantly discharged under the dual action of the extrusion force and the negative pressure, and finally the zirconium plate and the titanium plate are collided and combined; then the same process is used to realize the collision and combination of the zirconium plate, the titanium plate and the steel plate to complete the explosion welding.

[0018] Further improvement lies in that the zirconium plate is R60702, and its size is 6000×2500×3mm; the titanium plate is TA1, and its size is 6000×2500×2mm; the steel plate is Q345R, and its size is 6000×2500×30mm.

[0019] Further improvement lies in that the height of the gap cavity is 7 - 10mm.

[0020] Further improvement lies in that the filling thickness of the explosive is 2.5cm, and the detonation velocity of the explosive is 2500 - 2600m / s.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) The explosion welding structure and process replace the traditional support columns with a sealed gap cavity for gap support. At the same time, with the combined protection, positioning and guiding, and negative pressure air guiding effects of the protection air guiding mechanism, the sheets of each layer are accurately combined, and the gas in the gap is fully and quickly discharged instantly during the explosion, thus avoiding defects on the bonding surface and helping to form a firm metallurgical bond.

[0023] (2) During the construction process of the explosion welding structure and process, the safety problem can be fully guaranteed.

[0024] (3) The explosion welding structure and process are especially suitable for the construction of large - area zirconium - titanium - steel explosion composite plates. The obtained zirconium / titanium / steel composite plates not only have the high strength, good thermal conductivity and weldability of steel, but also have extremely excellent corrosion resistance of zirconium and can be used in seawater and most acids, alkalis and salts for a long time. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a state diagram of the explosion welding structure when the movable plate is attached to the sealing film.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a state diagram of the explosion welding structure when the movable plate rotates outward;

[0027] In the figure: 1. Sand base; 2. Steel plate; 3. Titanium plate; 4. Zirconium plate; 5. Explosive layer; 6. Sealing film; 7. Gap cavity; 8. Connecting plate; 9. Movable plate; 10. Frame groove; 11. Hinge seat; 12. Elastic member; 13. Buffer block. Specific implementation manner

[0028] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific implementation manners are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0029] As Figure 1 shown, the explosion welding structure of a large-area zirconium-titanium-steel explosion composite plate includes a sand base 1, a base steel plate 2, a transition layer titanium plate 3, a clad zirconium plate 4, and an explosive layer 5 laid successively from bottom to top. It also includes a sealing film 6 and a protection air-introducing mechanism. The sealing film 6 is wrapped between the edges of the steel plate 2 and the titanium plate 3, and between the edges of the titanium plate 3 and the zirconium plate 4, so as to form a sealed gap cavity 7 between the steel plate 2 and the titanium plate 3, and between the titanium plate 3 and the zirconium plate 4, and support the titanium plate 3 and the zirconium plate 4 respectively through the gap cavity 7. The protection air-introducing mechanism includes a connecting plate 8 and a plurality of movable plates 9 rotatably connected to the connecting plate 8. The connecting plate 8 is embedded in the sand base 1 below the steel plate 2. The movable plates 9 extend upward from different orientations of the steel plate 2 and pass through the steel plate 2, the titanium plate 3, and the zirconium plate 4 in sequence, so that the inner side of the movable plates 9 fits the sealing film 6. The tops of all the movable plates 9 are higher than the top surface of the zirconium plate 4 to form a frame groove 10 for laying the explosive layer 5 on the top surface of the zirconium plate 4.

[0030] In this explosion welding structure, the sealed gap cavity 7 is used to replace the traditional support columns for gap support, so there will be no explosion residues of the support columns. In addition, in the protection air-introducing mechanism, the movable plate 9 fits on the outer side of the sealing film 6. On the one hand, it can play a role of fitting protection to prevent the sealing film 6 from being crushed, and it can also play a role of positioning and guiding to prevent the sealing film 6 from tilting and deforming before and during the explosion, causing the titanium plate 3 or the zirconium plate 4 to shift, unable to be aligned for welding and collide parallelly. More importantly, the protection air-introducing mechanism can make the outer side of the sealing film 6 generate a negative pressure environment with a certain space through the high-speed rotation of the movable plate 9 outward. This negative pressure will attract the surrounding air to enter, including the gap gas after the sealing film 6 is broken, thereby playing a role of air introduction.

[0031] Preferably, for the preparation of common rectangular zirconium / titanium / steel composite plates, four movable plates 9 are provided, corresponding to each edge of the rectangle one by one. The bottom end of the movable plate 9 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 8 through a hinge seat 11, and when rotated to the vertical position, it just fits against each edge of the rectangle.

[0032] Preferably, the connecting plate 8, the movable plate 9 and the hinge seat 11 need to ensure high strength and hardness to avoid breaking and flying out during the explosion. Generally, they can be made of metal materials, such as steel, cast iron, titanium alloy, etc. The costs and service lives of different materials are different. Of course, other non-metallic synthetic materials that also meet the requirements can be used instead.

[0033] Preferably, elastic members 12 are provided at the outer positions of the connecting plate 8 corresponding to each movable plate 9. For example, they are springs. The elastic members 12 are used to support the movable plate 9 and make the movable plate 9 have a tendency to rotate inward, so that the movable plate 9 closely adheres to each plate and the sealing film 6, providing better protection and positioning functions.

[0034] Preferably, buffer blocks 13 are provided at the outer positions of the connecting plate 8 corresponding to each movable plate 9. The buffer blocks 13 can adopt an elastic cushion block structure formed by agglomerating metal (such as stainless steel) filaments. The buffer blocks 13 are used to support and buffer after the movable plate 9 rotates outward, reduce the impact force of the movable plate 9, improve the construction safety, and at the same time reduce the impact wear of the equipment.

[0035] Preferably, the sealing film 6 can be made of butyl rubber, which has excellent sealing performance and a certain tear resistance. Considering the weights of the titanium plate 3 and the zirconium plate 4, the thickness of the sealing film 6 should not be too small to prevent it from being directly crushed, and the thickness should not be too large to avoid causing resistance to the high-speed movement process of the titanium plate and the zirconium plate, and also avoid affecting the discharge of the interstitial gas. Therefore, generally, the thickness of the sealing film 6 is 0.1 - 1 mm. In addition, the upper and lower edges of the sealing film 6 are bonded to the steel plate 2, the titanium plate 3 or the zirconium plate 4, and strong glue can be used for fixed bonding.

[0036] The present invention also provides an explosion welding process for a large-area zirconium-titanium-steel explosion composite plate. The explosion welding process uses the above explosion welding structure, and the specific steps include:

[0037] S1. Take zirconium plates 4, titanium plates 3 and steel plates 2 of set sizes. Among them, the zirconium plate 4 is R60702, and the size is 6000×2500×3 mm; the titanium plate 3 is TA1, and the size is 6000×2500×2 mm; the steel plate 2 is Q345R, and the size is 6000×2500×30 mm; perform surface grinding to remove contaminants and oxide layers;

[0038] S2. Install the protection air-introducing mechanism, horizontally embed the connecting plate 8 in the sand foundation 1, and let each movable plate 9 protrude upward and temporarily fix the rotation angle of the movable plate 9;

[0039] S3. Lay the steel plate 2 on the sand foundation 1, lift the titanium plate 3 and place it directly above the steel plate 2, wrap the edges of the steel plate 2 and the titanium plate 3 with the sealing film 6 to form a sealed gap cavity 7 with a set height between the steel plate 2 and the titanium plate 3. Generally, the height of the gap cavity 7 is 7 - 10 mm. Support the titanium plate 3 through the gap cavity 7, and then support the zirconium plate 4 in the same way;

[0040] S4. Release the fixation of the movable plate 9, rotate the movable plate 9 to fit the sealing film 6 to limit and protect the sealing film 6. At the same time, form a frame groove 10 for laying the explosive layer 5 on the top surface of the zirconium plate 4 through the movable plate 9, fill the frame groove 10 with explosives of a set thickness. The filling thickness of the explosives is 2.5 cm, and the detonation velocity of the explosives is 2500 - 2600 m / s, and install detonators and leads;

[0041] S5. Detonate the detonator to explode the explosives. During the explosion process, on the one hand, a lateral impact force on the movable plate 9 is generated, causing all the movable plates 9 to rotate outward, exposing the sealing film 6 and generating negative pressure outside the sealing film 6. The state at this time is as shown in Figure 2 shown. On the other hand, a downward impact force on the zirconium plate 4 is generated, causing the zirconium plate 4 to move rapidly towards the titanium plate 3, and the generated extrusion force squeezes and breaks the sealing film 6 between the zirconium plate 4 and the titanium plate 3, so that the gas in the gap cavity 7 is instantaneously discharged under the dual action of the extrusion force and the negative pressure, and finally the zirconium plate 4 and the titanium plate 3 are collided and combined; then the same process realizes the collision and combination of the zirconium plate 4, the titanium plate 3 and the steel plate 2 to complete the explosion welding.

[0042] Among them, the calculation formula for the detonation velocity of the explosives is:

[0043]

[0044] In the formula: Re is the Reynolds number applicable to the flow process. For most metals, the Reynolds number Re is about 10.6, ρ is the material density, h is the Vickers hardness (H V ), and the subscripts f and j represent the flyer plate (i.e., the zirconium plate) and the substrate respectively. According to the calculation, the ideal detonation velocity of the explosives should be about 2516 m / s, and it is recommended that the experimental detonation velocity be controlled between 2500 - 2600.

[0045] During the construction of the explosive welding structure and process, comprehensive measures are taken to ensure the safety of the protection air intake mechanism. On the one hand, through the pulling effect of the connecting plate 8, all the movable plates 9 are evenly arranged in all directions of the connecting plate 8. When an explosion occurs, the impact forces in different directions can cancel each other out, so that the entire protection air intake mechanism will not fly out. On the other hand, on the basis of reliable material selection, through the buffering effect of the buffer block 13, the impact wear between the connecting plate 8 and the movable plate 9 is reduced, and the movable plate 9 itself is prevented from flying out.

[0046] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The explosion welding structure of a large-area zirconium-titanium-steel explosion composite plate, comprising a sand base (1), a base steel plate (2), a transition layer titanium plate (3), a clad zirconium plate (4) and an explosive layer (5) laid successively from bottom to top, characterized in that, it further comprises a sealing film (6) and a protection air guiding mechanism. The sealing film (6) is wrapped between the edges of the steel plate (2) and the titanium plate (3), and between the edges of the titanium plate (3) and the zirconium plate (4), so as to form a sealed gap cavity (7) between the steel plate (2) and the titanium plate (3), and between the titanium plate (3) and the zirconium plate (4), and the titanium plate (3) and the zirconium plate (4) are respectively supported through the gap cavity (7). The protection air guiding mechanism comprises a connecting plate (8) and a plurality of movable plates (9) rotatably connected to the connecting plate (8). The connecting plate (8) is embedded in the sand base (1) below the steel plate (2). The movable plates (9) extend upward from different orientations of the steel plate (2) and successively pass through the steel plate (2), the titanium plate (3) and the zirconium plate (4), so that the inner sides of the movable plates (9) are attached to the sealing film (6). The tops of all the movable plates (9) are higher than the top surface of the zirconium plate (4), so as to form a frame groove (10) for laying the explosive layer (5) on the top surface of the zirconium plate (4); the bottom end of the movable plate (9) is rotatably connected to the connecting plate (8) through a hinge seat (11). The connecting plate (8) is provided with an elastic member (12) at the outer side position of each movable plate (9). The elastic member (12) is used to support the movable plate (9) and make the movable plate (9) have a tendency to rotate inward.

2. The explosion welding structure of a large-area zirconium-titanium-steel explosion composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, the connecting plate (8), the movable plate (9) and the hinge seat (11) are all made of metal materials.

3. The explosion welding structure of a large-area zirconium-titanium-steel explosion composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, the connecting plate (8) is provided with a buffer block (13) at the outer side position of each movable plate (9). The buffer block (13) is used to support and buffer after the movable plate (9) rotates outward.

4. The explosion welding structure of a large-area zirconium-titanium-steel explosion composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sealing film (6) is made of butyl rubber, and the thickness of the sealing film (6) is 0.1 - 1 mm. The upper and lower edges of the sealing film (6) are bonded to the steel plate (2), the titanium plate (3) or the zirconium plate (4).

5. The explosion welding process of a large-area zirconium-titanium-steel explosion composite plate, characterized in that, the explosion welding process uses the explosion welding structure according to any one of claims 1 - 4. The specific steps include: S1. Take zirconium plates (4), titanium plates (3) and steel plates (2) of set sizes and perform surface grinding to remove contaminants and oxide layers; S2. Arrange the protection air guiding mechanism, horizontally embed the connecting plate (8) in the sand base (1), and each movable plate (9) extends upward and the rotation angle of the movable plate (9) is temporarily fixed; S3. Lay the steel plate (2) flat on the sand base (1). Lift the titanium plate (3) and place it directly above the steel plate (2). Wrap the edges of the steel plate (2) and the titanium plate (3) with the sealing film (6) to form a sealed gap cavity (7) with a set height between the steel plate (2) and the titanium plate (3). Support the titanium plate (3) through the gap cavity (7), and then support the zirconium plate (4) in the same way. S4. Release the fixation of the movable plate (9) to make the movable plate (9) rotate to fit the sealing film (6) to limit and protect the sealing film (6). At the same time, form a frame groove (10) for laying the explosive layer (5) on the top surface of the zirconium plate (4) through the movable plate (9). Fill the frame groove (10) with explosive of a set thickness, and place the detonator and the lead wire. S5. Detonate the detonator to make the explosive explode. During the explosion process, on the one hand, it generates an impact force on the movable plate (9), causing all the movable plates (9) to rotate outward, exposing the sealing film (6) and generating negative pressure outside the sealing film (6). On the other hand, it generates an impact force on the zirconium plate (4), causing the zirconium plate (4) to move rapidly towards the titanium plate (3). The generated extrusion force squeezes and breaks the sealing film (6) between the zirconium plate (4) and the titanium plate (3), so that the gas in the gap cavity (7) is instantaneously discharged under the dual action of the extrusion force and the negative pressure, and finally the zirconium plate (4) and the titanium plate (3) collide and combine. Then, the same process realizes the collision and combination of the zirconium plate (4), the titanium plate (3) and the steel plate (2) to complete the explosion welding.

6. The explosion welding process of the large-area zirconium-titanium-steel explosion composite plate according to claim 5, characterized in that, the zirconium plate (4) is R60702, and its size is 6000×2500×3 mm; the titanium plate (3) is TA1, and its size is 6000×2500×2 mm; the steel plate (2) is Q345R, and its size is 6000×2500×30 mm.

7. The explosion welding process of the large-area zirconium-titanium-steel explosion composite plate according to claim 5, characterized in that, the height of the gap cavity (7) is 7 - 10 mm.

8. The explosion welding process of the large-area zirconium-titanium-steel explosion composite plate according to claim 5, characterized in that, the filling thickness of the explosive is 2.5 cm, and the detonation velocity of the explosive is 2500 - 2600 m / s.

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