Method of manufacturing a shelter wall section and shelter comprising a shelter wall of shelter wall sections manufactured by the method

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a cover wall section of a cover wall and to a cover having a cover wall made of cover wall sections produced by the method. The cover wall section (4c) has at least one multi-layered face (20) which has a load-bearing reinforcement (21) and at least on one side, preferably on both sides, a polymer layer (22), the method having the following method steps: providing at least one multi-layered face (20); covering the at least one face (20) on a forming surface (44) of a mold (36) and clamping the at least one face (20) against the forming surface (44) by means of at least one clamping element (48); hardening the at least one face (20) and / or the at least one clamping element (48), so that the cover wall section (4c) is fixed in its shape.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a forming method for manufacturing a cover wall segment and a cover having a cover wall composed of at least one cover wall segment manufactured by the method. Background Technology

[0002] The flexible covering is preferably a transitional folding tent. This type of transitional folding tent is designed, for example, as a folding tent or a wave-shaped tent. The folding tent or wave-shaped tent has a folding device wall with folds or waves that surrounds a tunnel-like or channel-like interior space of the tent. The folding device wall consists of at least one multi-layered structure with a reinforcing support member coated with a polymer layer on at least one side, preferably on both sides, wherein the reinforcing support member has at least one textile surface.

[0003] In manufacturing the individual folds of the folding shed, strips of material made from the folding shed wall are accordion-shaped stitched together at their adjacent longitudinal edges, and these stitched longitudinal edges are enclosed, and in particular, clamped, by U-shaped folding shed clamping frames. Thus, the folding shed clamping frames are arranged at the folding edges and stabilize these folding edges.

[0004] In manufacturing the individual waves of a wave-shaped folding frame, individual strips of material made from the folding frame wall material can typically be stitched together at their longitudinal edges to form these waves and / or accommodated by and clamped and connected by aluminum profiles. Here, viewed circumferentially, the waves can consist of single or multiple stitched material strips. The wave profile has crests and troughs, where the waves can be stitched together in the trough areas and / or adjoin each other in the trough areas, and the stitched longitudinal edges can also be enclosed, and in particular clamped, by a U-shaped folding frame clamping frame.

[0005] Therefore, the cost of manufacturing folding or wave-shaped tents is relatively high.

[0006] EP 0 922 621 A1 also discloses a pleated fold or a portion thereof, wherein a textile insert is vulcanized in an elastomer layer, and wherein the pleated fold is designed as a wavy pleated fold or a folded pleated fold or a portion thereof, and the wavy or folded portion is formed in one piece in its arching aspect, and wherein the textile insert is designed as a knitted fabric.

[0007] According to EP 0 922 621 A1, the sidewalls, bottom portions, or top portions of a folded canopy with multiple sequentially arranged folds or waves can also be manufactured using corresponding molds. Alternatively, with correspondingly larger molds, the entire folded canopy or half of a folded canopy can be manufactured. It is advantageous to manufacture folded canopies or folded canopy sections integrally according to this principle, as these folded canopies or folded canopy sections are highly durable because the surface of the component can be kept absolutely flat.

[0008] Manufacturing can be achieved by placing an elastomer layer into a mold with a folded or wavy profile, placing a layer of knitted fabric on top of the elastomer layer, and placing another elastomer layer on top of the knitted fabric, wherein the connection between the elastomer layers and with the knitted fabric is accomplished by vulcanization.

[0009] Furthermore, it is also known that transition pleats or their walls are designed to be wave-free and fold-free. In this case, the walls are correspondingly designed to be flexible. This is disclosed, for example, in German patent application DE 10 2011 107 370 A1. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The objective of this invention is to provide a simple and cost-effective method for forming high-quality cover wall segments for manufacturing flexible covers.

[0011] Another task is to provide a cover with such a cover wall.

[0012] These tasks are solved by the forming method of the cover wall section for manufacturing a cover according to the invention and the cover according to the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:

[0014] Figure 1 : A perspective view of a folding canopy-like structure is schematically shown;

[0015] Figure 2 The cross-section of a wall section of a cover with a folded profile manufactured according to the present invention is shown in a very simplified and schematic manner.

[0016] Figure 3 The cross-section of a wall section of a cover with a wavy profile manufactured according to the present invention is shown in a very simplified and schematic manner.

[0017] Figure 4 A very simplified and schematic cross-sectional view of a planar fabric with channeled and reinforcing warp threads is shown.

[0018] Figure 5 The diagram schematically shows a top view of a carrier fabric having reinforced warp and weft yarns according to an embodiment.

[0019] Figure 6 A simplified perspective view of the preferred mold is shown.

[0020] Figure 7 After following Figure 6 The cross-section of the mold;

[0021] Figure 8 According to Figure 6 A top view of the mold;

[0022] Figure 9 The diagram schematically shows a side view of the transition between two vehicle sections with a transition canopy in the form of a folding canopy. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Cover 1 according to the present invention ( Figure 1 The cover 1 has a longitudinal direction 2a and a circumferential direction 2b perpendicular to it. The cover 1 also has multiple cover holding frames 3, spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction 2a, surrounding or extending in the circumferential direction 2b, and cover container walls 4 that are clamped into or extended through these cover holding frames 3. The cover container walls 4 surround a tunnel-like or channel-like internal space 5 of the cover. Furthermore, the cover container walls 4 have an outer cover wall 4a and an inner cover wall 4b.

[0024] Furthermore, these cover holder frames 3 are preferably designed to be rectangular. Therefore, the cover 1 preferably has a rectangular cross-section or is designed to be box-shaped. The cover holder wall 4 also has a preferably horizontal cover bottom 6, a preferably horizontal cover top 7, and two preferably vertical cover side walls 8. The cover bottom 6 and cover top 7 transition to the cover side walls 8 via cover holder wall corner regions 9, respectively.

[0025] However, the covering 1 may also have other cross-sections, such as annular (not shown).

[0026] The cover 1 is preferably a folded canopy having a folded canopy top, folded canopy sidewalls, and folded canopy bottom. Therefore, the longitudinal direction 2a of the cover corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the folded canopy in this case. The cover clamping frame 3 is a folded canopy clamping frame, and the cover device wall 4 is a folded canopy wall having an outer folded canopy wall and an inner folded canopy wall, etc.

[0027] The folding canopy is preferably a wave-shaped folding canopy or a folding folding canopy 10 ( Figure 1 or Figure 9 ).

[0028] In the case of the folding canopy 10, the cover wall 4 is designed in an accordion shape in a manner known per se and has a folding profile 11 with folds 12. Figure 2 These folds 12 each have folded sides 13, which are respectively paired and transition into each other via alternating first or inner and second or outer folded edges 14a;b. Furthermore, these folds 12 are arranged adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction 2a of the cover.

[0029] At least a portion of the folded edges 14a and 14b, the cover wall 4 is also clamped into the cover holding frame 3.

[0030] In the case of the wave-shaped folding canopy 10, the wall of the covering 4 has a wave-shaped profile 15 with waves 16 in a manner known per se. Figure 3 Each wave 16 has a U-shaped cross-section. These waves 16 are also arranged adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction 2a of the cover. These waves 16 also have rounded crests 17. Each adjacent wave 16 also transitions into each other via an inner wave edge 18. Viewed from the outside 4a of the cover wall, there are troughs 19 between adjacent waves 16.

[0031] At least a portion of the inner wavy edge 18, the cover wall 4 is also clamped into the cover holding frame 3.

[0032] As is also known in itself, the covering wall 4 is composed of multiple layers 20. Figure 4 The multilayer flexible planar structure 20 has a central, planar reinforcing load-bearing layer or a central, planar reinforcing load-bearing member 21, which has outer or outer polymer layers 22 on both sides. The polymer layers 22 are respectively formed on the outer side of the multilayer planar structure 20.

[0033] The multi-layered structure 20 also has a first spatial direction or surface direction 20a and a second spatial direction or surface direction 20b perpendicular to it. Alternatively, the multi-layered structure 20 has surface extensions toward the first and second surface directions 20a and 20b. The structure 20 also has a thickness direction or height direction 20c, which is perpendicular to the two surface directions 20a and 20b. Therefore, the surface-type reinforcing support 21 also has surface extensions toward the first and second surface directions 20a and 20b and a height or thickness extension toward the thickness direction 20c.

[0034] The polymer layer 22 comprises a polymer matrix 22, preferably incorporating fillers, particularly flame-retardant fillers. The polymer matrix 22 is particularly composed of polymeric materials or polymers according to DIN 7724-1993-04. The polymer matrix 22 is preferably composed of elastomers according to DIN 7724-1993-04. Thus, elastomers are polymers that are shape-fixed but elastically deformable, with embrittlement points below their service temperature. These elastomers may elastically deform under tensile and compressive loads, but subsequently return to their original, undeformed shape. The polymer matrix 22 is preferably composed of vulcanized rubber, particularly vulcanized silicone rubber or vulcanized natural rubber, or CSM (chlorosulfonated polyethylene) or EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) or EVA (ethyl vinyl acetate) or PVC (polyvinyl chloride), or PU (polyurethane) or mixtures thereof.

[0035] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the planar object 20, preferably the reinforcing support 21, has a channel 23 for accommodating at least one cover clamping frame 3.

[0036] These channels 23 can be formed in different ways. Preferably, these channels are generated in accordance with German patent application DE 10 2016109 070 A1, the disclosure of which is cited in its entirety.

[0037] In this case, the reinforcing support 21 has a support fabric 24. The support fabric 24 has warp threads 25 extending toward a first surface direction 20a and weft threads 26 intersecting the warp threads 25 and extending parallel to a second surface direction 20b in a manner known per se. The first surface direction 20a thus corresponds to the radial direction 27 of the support fabric 24, and the second surface direction 20b thus corresponds to the weft direction 28 of the support fabric 24.

[0038] Warp and weft yarns 25 and 26 are preferably monofilament or multifilament yarns, respectively. Monofilament yarns are each composed of a single filament. Multifilament yarns are composed of multiple monofilaments. These monofilaments can be formed individually (single-strand) or have a core / skin structure. Here, multifilament yarns can have different monofilaments, for example, monofilaments made of different materials. Furthermore, warp and weft yarns 25 and 26 can also be composed of short fabric yarns that also have a long filament core, or of twisted yarns or mixed twisted yarns. Mixed twisted yarns are composed of monofilament or multifilament yarns.

[0039] In an advantageous embodiment, the carrier fabric 24 is now designed such that it has at least one channel, passage, or through-hole 23 extending through the carrier fabric 24 perpendicular to the height direction 20c or toward at least one of the two surface directions 20a; b. Preferably, the carrier fabric 24 has a plurality of channels 23. Each channel 23 has at least one, preferably two, channel ends, each channel opening to the environment at said channel ends.

[0040] These channels 23 are generated by corresponding knots or braids of the warp and / or weft 25; 26 (see...) Figure 4 ).

[0041] Of course, channel 23 can also be formed through... Figure 4 Other knitting methods and weaving techniques, as well as other knitting methods and garment-making techniques, besides those shown, can be used to achieve this. For example, in the case of fabrics, the warp and weft threads 25; 26 should be woven together so that the same warp and weft threads 25; 26 or the same yarn material not only form a single-layer, channelless fabric region 29 but also a double-layer fabric region 30 with two separate single-layer, unconnected fabric layers 31a; 31b.

[0042] Furthermore, within the scope of this invention, the reinforcing support 21 is designed to be multi-layered and composed of multiple textile fabrics, each connected to the other by an adhesive layer made of polymer. At least one of these textile fabrics is the described support fabric 24. However, the reinforcing support 21 is preferably composed of support fabric 24. Additionally, an adhesive layer, preferably made of polymer, may also exist between the polymer layer 22 and the reinforcing support 21.

[0043] Of course, within the scope of this invention, the channels 23 in the planar structure 20, particularly in the reinforcing support 21, can also be designed in other ways. For example, these channels can be designed according to EP 2091 766A1, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated in its entirety. The pleated wall according to EP 2 091 766 A1 has a woven upper side and a woven lower side, which are connected to each other by yarn. For example, the reinforcing support has a spacer fabric consisting of two fabrics (double fabrics) connected to each other by yarn. The yarn keeps the upper or lower side, or the two fabrics, spaced apart and spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of the pleat, thereby forming a passage or channel.

[0044] Alternatively, yarn can be used to keep other textile surfaces spaced apart. These spacer textile surfaces can be, in particular, spacer knitted fabrics, preferably spacer knitted pieces or spacer knitted garments. Furthermore, yarn can be used to connect different textile surfaces together.

[0045] These channels 23 can also be designed according to WO 2013 / 023634 A1, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated in its entirety. WO 2013 / 023634 A1 discloses a wave-shaped folding frame in which the folding frame wall has a reinforcing support having two facets connected to each other to form knot-shaped guides. These knots are used to accommodate the folding frame and thus facilitate assembly. Therefore, these knots are also channels. These facets are connected to each other by stitching, weaving, knitting, bonding, or adhesive. The facets can be single-layered or multi-layered, each having at least one textile facet. Preferably, the textile facets are fabrics or knitted fabrics, preferably knitted garments or knitted pieces, or raschel fabrics.

[0046] According to another advantageous implementation ( Figure 4 , Figure 5 The supporting fabric 24 further has at least two surface regions 32a;b, wherein the two surface regions 32a;b differ from each other at least in terms of mechanical properties. Preferably, the two surface regions 32a;b differ in at least one mechanical strength property. Particularly preferably, the two surface regions 32a;b have a maximum tensile force F in at least one surface direction 20a;b with respect to DIN ENISO 13934-1:2013. H And / or the maximum tensile elongation ε according to DIN EN ISO 13934-1:2013 H And / or differ in the ratio of tensile strength to elongation according to DIN ENISO 13934-1:2013.

[0047] The support fabric 24 is designed in particular according to DE 10 2017 102 626 A1, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated in its entirety. Preferably, the support fabric 24 has, for example, a base fabric 33 and a reinforcing region 34. The base fabric 33 is formed of (base) warp 25 or (base) weft 26. And within the reinforcing region 34, the support fabric 24 has a plurality of additional reinforcing warp 25a and / or reinforcing weft 26a, which, in addition to the base warp 25 or base weft 26, are woven into or woven together with the base fabric 33. Additionally, this means that the reinforcing warp 25a or reinforcing weft 26a are not present in place of the base warp 25 or base weft 26, but are added to the base warp or base weft. That is, the warp density or weft density of the support fabric 24 is higher in the reinforcing region 34 than in the non-reinforcing region.

[0048] Of course, within the scope of this invention, other textile fabrics, such as knitted fabrics, preferably knitted articles or knitted pieces, or nonwoven fabrics having at least two surface regions that differ in relation to at least one mechanical property, are also available as alternatives to the carrier fabric. DE 102017 102 626A1 is also cited in its entirety here. The reinforcing carrier may also have multiple and different such textile fabrics.

[0049] The reinforced areas 34 are specifically designed for areas of the load-bearing fabric 24 that bear stronger loads during the corresponding use and molding, or where higher strength or stiffness is required. For example, lower strength or higher elasticity is preferred in the corner areas 9 of the cover wall 4. This will be discussed in more detail below.

[0050] The manufacture of the cover wall 4 by means of the method according to the present invention is preferably carried out by means of the mold equipment or mold tool 35 according to the present invention. Figures 6-8 To achieve this.

[0051] The mold equipment 35 includes: an inner mold 36, preferably at least one outer mold shell 37, a support 38, and a clamping element holder 39.

[0052] The bracket 38 is used to support the mold equipment 35 on the corresponding ground. Therefore, not only the inner mold 36 but also the clamping element holder 39 are fixed on the bracket 38.

[0053] The inner mold 36 can be designed to be square and has a preferably flat upper mold side 40a and a preferably planar lower mold side 40b perpendicularly opposite to the upper mold side. The inner mold 36 can be formed of a metal profile or a reinforced plastic profile, etc. The inner mold 36 also has a surrounding circumferential mold wall 41. The circumferential mold wall 41 has four longitudinal wall sides 42, which transition into each other in pairs via a wall covering area 43.

[0054] The circumferential wall 41 of the mold is the surface 44 to be formed or the forming surface 44 of the mold equipment 35. The forming surface 44 is used for forming the cover wall 4. Therefore, the forming surface has a forming profile corresponding to the profile of the cover wall 4 to be manufactured. In the present case, the forming surface 44 is used to manufacture a wavy profile 15 with two waves 16. In order to manufacture a folded profile 11, the forming surface 44 is correspondingly matched and designed.

[0055] The circumferential wall 41 or forming surface 44 of the mold has two, particularly vertically adjacent, convex, outwardly arched forming sections 45, respectively. The arched forming sections 45 are used to form or generate the wave 16. Between the two arched forming sections 45 is a surrounding, groove-shaped recess 46, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of the trough 19 to be produced. Furthermore, adjacent to each of the two arched forming sections 45 is a surrounding groove 47. Thus, one groove 47 is arranged between the upper arched forming section 45 and the upper side 40a of the mold, and the other groove 47 is arranged between the lower arched forming section 45 and the lower side 40b of the mold.

[0056] According to the present invention, the groove 47 and the recess 46 are used to accommodate the clamping element 48. Figure 8 This will be discussed in more detail below.

[0057] The inner mold 36 can be designed, for example, to consist of multiple parts and preferably multiple, for example, two detachably connected, or in particular screwed, single plates 36a;b. However, the inner mold can also be designed in other ways in a segmented manner.

[0058] The outer mold shell 37 is not necessarily required, but it can be provided, for example, when a particularly smooth surface is desired. This outer mold shell has a corresponding molding surface 49 that corresponds to the molding profile 44 of the inner mold 36. The outer mold shell 37 can also be designed to consist of multiple parts.

[0059] The corresponding forming surface 49 has two, particularly vertical, adjacent, concave, inwardly arched, groove-shaped forming sections 50 for forming or generating the wave 16. Therefore, the groove-shaped forming sections 50 are designed to correspond to the arched forming sections 45 of the inner mold 36.

[0060] Between the two groove-shaped forming sections 50, there is a protrusion 51 corresponding to the recess 46 of the inner mold 36 for generating troughs 19.

[0061] Furthermore, the outer mold shell 37 and each of the two adjacent groove-shaped forming sections 50 each have a corner edge 52, which is designed to correspond to one of the two grooves 47. The corner edge 52 is specifically used to form-lock into one of the two grooves 47 during the forming process, which will be discussed in more detail below.

[0062] Furthermore, the outer mold shell 37 is preferably designed in a U-shape. This is so that the outer mold shell 37 can respectively wrap around one of the longitudinal sides 42 of the vessel wall and the two adjacent corner regions 43 of the vessel wall during forming.

[0063] The outer mold shell 37 can move relative to the inner mold 36 and, in particular, can be pressed against the inner mold or positioned in a manner that allows it to be clamped to the inner mold.

[0064] The inner mold 36 and / or the outer mold shell 37 are preferably also heatable.

[0065] The clamping element holder 39 is arranged opposite to the outer mold housing 37. Furthermore, the clamping element holder is preferably designed to hold a plate. Additionally, the clamping element holder is also fixed to the bracket 38.

[0066] The clamping element retainer 39 is also preferably designed in a U-shape and has a central retainer wall section 54 and two connected and preferably right-angled leg walls 55 extending from it. The leg walls 55 each have a connecting end and a free end opposite to the connecting end, the free end having a preferably vertical end edge 56.

[0067] The central retainer wall portion 54 preferably extends parallel to one of the longitudinal sides 42 of the retainer wall, and the leg retainer wall 55 extends toward the inner mold 36. They are arranged adjacent to one of the corner regions 43.

[0068] Furthermore, each of the two leg walls 55 has three clamping element receiving slots 56 arranged adjacent to each other. The clamping element receiving slots 56 are preferably arranged overlapping in the vertical direction. These clamping element receiving slots extend from the end edge 56 into the leg wall 55 in the horizontal direction and end, for example, with a widened slot end 57.

[0069] Unlike the figures shown, in a preferred embodiment, the clamping element receiving slot 56 may also gradually taper towards its respective slot end 57, that is, the slot width of the clamping element receiving slot 56 decreases towards the slot end 57. In this way, clamping elements 48 of different thicknesses can be clamped well.

[0070] The edges in the area of ​​the clamping element receiving slot 56 are preferably rounded in order to minimize the risk of damage to the clamping element 48 during clamping.

[0071] The manufacturing method of the wall section 4c of the cover according to the present invention will now be described in more detail below:

[0072] First, a multi-layered textile sheet 21 is manufactured by coating at least one side, preferably both sides, of the reinforcing support 21 with a polymer layer 22. This coating is preferably performed in a manner known per se, preferably by a coating process, calendering, extrusion, compression molding, spraying, or injection molding. However, according to the invention, it is not mandatory for the polymer layer 22 to have been hardened, especially vulcanized, prior to the desired forming.

[0073] Then, in the cover material web composed of multiple planar structures 20, the clamping element 48 is introduced into the channel 23. The clamping element can be, for example, a deformable clamping element 48, such as a metal rod. These deformable clamping elements have at least a certain degree of flexibility in order to form the desired shape, but at the same time they ensure a certain degree of stability of the cover in its final shape.

[0074] Alternatively, the clamping element 48 may be introduced into the channel 23 prior to coating. Thus, the clamping element 48 may be introduced into the channel 23 particularly easily because the reinforcing support 21 typically has greater flexibility before coating than after coating, and / or the channel 23 may be reduced, for example, due to the risk of narrowing caused by polymer penetration during coating. For example, the clamping element 48 may be placed directly into the channel 23 formed therein during the weaving of the reinforcing support 21. Alternatively, these clamping elements may be introduced into the channel 23 after the reinforcing support 21 has been formed but before coating.

[0075] The elongated clamping element 48 is preferably a flexible, bendable clamping element 48, preferably a clamping cable or clamping hose. That is, the clamping element 48 is preferably loose or bendable.

[0076] Preferably, these clamping elements 48 are in particular corrugated hoses that can be bent well without kinking. These clamping elements are preferably additionally braided so that the clamping elements 48 have substantially smooth outer surfaces and can therefore be easily pushed into the channel 23.

[0077] Preferably, the clamping elements 48 are also designed such that they can be hardened by heating. That is, the clamping elements can be transformed from a flexible or bendable state to a hardened, shape-stable state by heating. Other processes can also be used to harden the clamping elements 48. Thus, in principle, any type of physical or chemical hardening is suitable. For example, instead of hardening by heating, or in addition to hardening by heating, hardening can also be achieved through a chemical reaction. Here, the hardening need not be complete, but hardening is also understood as partial hardening.

[0078] For example, the bendable, non-shape-stable clamping element 48 is a clamping hose filled with a thermosetting material or a chemically curable material. Here, these clamping hoses may be introduced into channel 23 pre-filled or unfilled and subsequently filled, for example, by means of a vacuum process. Alternatively, clamping cables may be used, impregnated with a thermosetting or chemically curable material.

[0079] The thermosetting material is preferably a thermosetting polymer. Preferably, it relates to: thermosetting plastics, such as epoxy resins and / or phenolic resins; and / or thermoplastic polymers or mixtures of high Shore hardness elastomers.

[0080] Instead of thermosetting materials, a two-component system with an adhesive and a hardener can be used to transform the clamping element 48 into a hardened, shape-stable state.

[0081] After the clamping element 48 is introduced, the planar object 20 is covered by the clamping element 48 on the molding surface 44 of the inner mold 36. The upper side of the planar object 20 that abuts the molding surface 44 later forms the inner wall 4b of the cover.

[0082] In particular, the surface material 20 is covered on the longitudinal side 42 of the vessel wall pointing towards the mold shell 37 and on the two corner regions 43 of the vessel wall connected to the longitudinal side 42 of the vessel wall.

[0083] Preferably, the planar material 20 is reinforced in the region of the longitudinal side 42 of the vessel wall and is more elastic in the regions of the two corner regions 43 of the vessel wall. That is, the planar material 20 preferably has a lower maximum tensile elongation ε according to DIN EN ISO 13934-1:2013 in the region of the longitudinal side 42 of the vessel wall than in the two corner regions 43 of the vessel wall. H The high flexibility of the planar material 20 in the corner region 43 of the vessel wall is advantageous for good forming. The low maximum tensile elongation ε in the region on the longitudinal side 42 of the vessel wall... H This makes the longitudinal side of the vessel wall harder and gives the covering, especially the folding structure, stability.

[0084] Then, the planar object 20 is fixed to the inner mold 36 by means of the clamping element 48 according to the present invention and is clamped relative to the molding surface 44. Figure 8 ).

[0085] For this purpose, the clamping element 48 is clamped around the forming surface 44, or more precisely, the clamping element 48 is arranged in the groove-shaped recess 46 and one clamping element 48 is arranged in one of the grooves 47.

[0086] In the preferred embodiment of the invention shown, the clamping elements 48 are clamped around the longitudinal side 42 of the vessel wall facing the mold shell 37 and the adjacent corner region 43 of the vessel wall, as well as two adjacent longitudinal sides 42 and adjacent corner regions 43 of the vessel wall. In the region facing the longitudinal side 42 of the vessel wall of the clamping element holder 39, the clamping elements 48 are respectively crossed and clamped into, and particularly therein, one of the clamping element receiving slots 56 with their free clamping element ends 48a.

[0087] Therefore, with the help of the clamping elements 48, the surface 20 is fixed to the inner mold 36. In addition, these clamping elements 48 ensure that the surface 21 is also completely in contact with the molding surface 44.

[0088] Alternatively, the clamping element 48 may be clamped using cables or other clamping devices. For this purpose, the clamping elements 48 can be connected to cables or other clamping devices at their end regions, allowing them to be clamped toward the forming surface 44. The required clamping force can be achieved using mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic mechanisms or other loading elements.

[0089] Then, the outer mold shell 37 is moved toward the inner mold 36, so that the surface 20 is arranged therein in a shape-locked manner. The upper side of the surface 20 facing the outer mold shell 37, in particular, abuts against the corresponding molding surface 49.

[0090] At least while the polymer layer 22 is not yet hardened and, in particular, vulcanized, at least one of the two molds 36; 37 is subjected to heat so that the polymer layer 22 is hardened, preferably vulcanized.

[0091] To heat the molds 36; 37, these molds can be transferred, for example, to a heating chamber or furnace.

[0092] Alternatively, heating lines or heating pads can be introduced into the mold 36; 37 or the profile.

[0093] Furthermore, the hardening, preferably vulcanization, and / or hardening of the polymer layer 22 and the clamping element 48 can be achieved by applying UV or IR radiation or hot air, or by induction of an electromagnetic field. Here, the surface 20 can initially be subjected to UV or IR radiation or hot air or an electromagnetic field only from the outside, thereby fully or at least partially hardening the polymer layer 22 or the clamping element 48. When needed, the surface 20 can then be removed from the molds 36; 37 and further subjected to UV or IR radiation or hot air or an electromagnetic field for complete hardening. The molds 36; 37 can also be designed to allow UV or IR radiation or hot air or an electromagnetic field to pass through them to reach the surface 20. For example, holes can be provided in the molds 36; 37 for this purpose. Furthermore, the mold 36 can be made of glass that is transparent to IR radiation, allowing UV or IR radiation or an electromagnetic field to pass through the mold 36 to reach the surface 20 clamped towards the mold surface 44.

[0094] Due to the hardening of the polymer layer 22, the surface 20 is fixed in its basic shape. In the present case, the surface 20 has a wavy profile 15 with two waves 16 after hardening. In addition, the surface is designed to be U-shaped and has two cover wall corner regions 9. Thus, the hardened surface 20 forms the cover wall segment 4c of the cover wall 4 to be manufactured.

[0095] Here, "fixed in terms of basic shape" means that the planar object 20 maintains its basic shape without external load. Of course, the planar object 20 can be elastically and reversibly deformed, especially when used as the wall of the cover 4, to follow the relative movement of the components that connect it to the cover 1, especially the folding canopy. However, the basic shape, i.e., the wavy or folded profile 15; 11, remains essentially unchanged here.

[0096] Simultaneously with the planar object 20, the clamping element 48 also advantageously hardens and becomes shape-stable due to the applied heat.

[0097] Then, the hardened planar object 20 with the hardened clamping element 48 is removed from the mold equipment 35. The protruding, unwanted areas of the clamping element 48 are preferably separated.

[0098] Optionally, a sealing or closure step may then be taken, for example, to close any possible openings to channel 23.

[0099] Therefore, the hardened planar material 20 and the hardened clamping element 48 form the cover 1 to be manufactured, especially the cover section of the folding canopy to be manufactured, especially the folding canopy section. The shape-stable planar material 20 forms the cover wall section 4c of the cover device wall 4, especially the folding canopy wall section, and the hardened, shape-stable clamping element 48 forms the cover clamping frame 3, especially the folding canopy clamping frame, or at least a part thereof.

[0100] Next, multiple such manufactured cover sections can be combined to form a cover half or a complete cover 1. In particular, multiple such manufactured folded sections can be combined to form a U-shaped folded half or a complete fold. The cover wall sections 4c can be correspondingly stitched and / or welded and / or glued and / or connected by means of a frame. Here, the clamping elements 48 do not necessarily have to be connected to each other. It is sufficient when the cover wall sections 4c are connected to each other. However, when necessary, the clamping elements 48 can be connected to each other, for example, by means of a transition profile.

[0101] A particular advantage is that the clamping element 48 is already integrated into the cover wall section 4c. Therefore, no further assembly is required. Since the clamping element 48 is flexible, loose, or bendable, the cover wall section 4c with the cover corner region 9 can also be manufactured without any problems in a single process.

[0102] In particular, the annular cover wall segment 4c can also be manufactured in the mold section using the method according to the invention. For this purpose, preferably a single planar material 20 covers the entire inner part of the mold 36, wherein the edge regions of the planar material 20 preferably overlap to create a closed loop. Here, the connection of the edge regions of the planar material 20 can be achieved by vulcanizing the polymer layer 22. Preferably, the connection of the edge regions of the planar material 20 (at least in the region between adjacent channels 23) is achieved before the planar material 20 is covered onto the mold 36. For example, these edge regions can be stitched together.

[0103] Here, a single outer mold shell 37 can be used, and the various sections of the surface 20 can be heated and hardened successively, or multiple outer mold shells 37 can be used and the entire surface 20 can be heated and hardened in one process.

[0104] In this way, the entire cover 1, especially the entire folded canopy, with a closed, surrounding cover wall 4 can be manufactured in the forming step by means of the method according to the invention, without having to subsequently connect the cover parts to each other. For this purpose, the molds 36 and 37 have corresponding forming surfaces 44 and 49, which, for example, have a corresponding number of arched or grooved forming segments 45 and 50. Here, the cover wall 4 is composed of a single cover wall segment 4c, wherein the cover wall segment may be composed of one or more planar features 20:

[0105] That is, instead of a single planar object 20, multiple planar objects 20 can also overlap and cover a portion or the entire inner part of the mold 36 with their edge regions, thereby creating, for example, a U-shaped or annular cover wall segment 4c in a single process. Multiple planar objects 20 can also overlap and be adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. Here, the clamping element 48 can extend, for example, through multiple adjacent planar objects 20.

[0106] According to another embodiment of the invention, the clamping element 48 is not arranged in the channel 23 of the reinforcing support 21, but is clamped externally around the planar material 20 covering the inner mold 36. In this case, it is also ensured that the planar material 20 is completely against the molding surface 44, and the wavy profile 16 or folded profile 11 is accurately formed. The clamping element 48 is removed after the molding process. Therefore, only the cover wall section 4c is manufactured without the cover clamping frame element.

[0107] Furthermore, according to another embodiment of the invention, during the hardening and forming process, only the clamping element 48 is hardened and fixed in shape. One or more polymer layers of the sheet 20 have been hardened, especially vulcanized. Therefore, the shape of the cover wall section 4c is fixed due to the fixation of the clamping element 48 in shape. In this case, the clamping element 48 is placed in the channel 23 of the reinforcing support 21 as described in the first embodiment.

[0108] Therefore, the advantages of the method according to the present invention, especially the high-quality forming of the cover wall 4 or the cover wall segment 4c, are ensured by using the clamping element 48.

[0109] If the clamping element 48 is arranged in the channel 23 and hardened together, the cover wall section 4c with the cover clamping frame element or the entire cover wall 4 with the cover clamping frame 3 of the cover 1, especially the folding cover, can be manufactured in one process.

[0110] The folding canopy according to the invention is preferably used in the transition section 58, where the two vehicle parts 59a;b of the vehicle 60 are movably connected to each other, especially in a hinged manner, in order to protect the transition section 58 from weather and airflow. The vehicle 60 is preferably an articulated bus 61 or a rail vehicle, especially a passenger train, tram, subway, or metro. The two vehicle parts 59a;b are particularly capable of twisting relative to each other about a vertical axis of rotation and / or moving relative to each other in the direction of travel and / or moving laterally in the direction of travel and / or connected to each other in a manner that allows rotation about the longitudinal axis of the vehicle (swinging).

[0111] Furthermore, the folding canopy according to the present invention can also be a transition folding canopy used to protect the transition section from the passenger boarding bridge or passenger boarding stairs to the aircraft and / or to the terminal building.

[0112] Alternatively, the folding canopy according to the present invention can be used to protect the transition between two building sections, such as a transition folding canopy used to protect the transition between a skybridge and a building section.

[0113] The fold can be formed by multiple faceted fold elements (not shown), each of which has two straight clamping frame elements, and the face 20 is clamped between the two straight clamping frame elements.

[0114] The cover according to the invention can also be used as a transition element for protecting the transition between two movable machine parts or other components, so as to protect the respective transition from external influences, especially dirt, and to seal the respective transition relative to the environment. Here, the transition element is similar to the connection to the two components in the case of the transition 58 of the two vehicle parts 59a;b. Here, the transition element can have different shapes, such as planar or U-shaped, or it can also have the shape of a transition fold. Then, the cover holding frame 3 also has a corresponding shape. Therefore, these cover holding frames can also be formed simply as straight lines or rods.

[0115] In summary, the cover 1 according to the invention is therefore preferably designed as a planar or rectangular or U-shaped transition element, preferably a transition canopy, for components, vehicles, building connections, or for passenger boarding bridges or passenger boarding stairs, wherein the transition element, preferably a transition canopy, is used to protect two vehicle parts or components or two building parts or aircraft or buildings with passenger boarding bridges that are movably connected to each other, especially two vehicle parts or components that are hingedly connected to each other, from external influences. Here, each of the above applications is itself a preferred application according to the invention.

[0116] Therefore, the present invention also relates to a vehicle 60, particularly a rail vehicle or an articulated bus 61, having at least two vehicle portions 59a;b that are movably connected to each other at a transition 58, preferably articulated to each other, wherein the vehicle 60 has at least one transition element according to the invention for each transition 58, preferably a transition canopy, particularly a folding canopy or a wave-shaped canopy 1;10.

[0117] The present invention also relates to a passenger boarding bridge or passenger boarding ladder, wherein the passenger boarding bridge or passenger boarding ladder has at least one transition element according to the present invention, preferably a transition canopy, preferably a folding canopy or a wave-shaped canopy 1; 10.

[0118] The present invention also relates to a building connection having two building parts connected to each other at a transition, wherein the building connection has at least one transition element according to the invention, preferably a transition canopy, preferably a folding canopy or a wave-shaped canopy 1; 10, for protecting the transition between the two building parts.

[0119] The invention also relates to a component connection having two components, preferably machine parts, connected to each other at a transition, wherein the component connection has at least one transition element according to the invention, preferably a transition fold, preferably a folding fold or a wave fold 1; 10, for protecting the transition between the two components.

[0120] Furthermore, as already described, within the scope of the invention, the reinforcing support 21 is designed to be multi-layered and composed of multiple textile sheets, which are connected to each other by means of an adhesive layer made of polymer. An adhesive layer made of polymer may also be present between the polymer layer 22 and the reinforcing support 21. Furthermore, therefore, within the scope of the invention, some or only the adhesive layer hardens during heating of the sheets 20. It is important that the sheets 20 themselves can be hardened by heat. For this purpose, the sheets have at least one heat-curable polymer layer.

[0121] Furthermore, within the scope of this invention, the flat or non-wavy cover wall section 4c without folded or wavy contours and without folds or contours is manufactured solely by hardening the clamping element 48. In this case, the surface 20 is correspondingly designed to be flexible, preferably according to DE 10 2011 107 370A1. Here, the hardening of the clamping element 48 facilitates shaping and reinforcement, making the cover 1, especially the folded section, maintain its (basic) shape and, in particular, less flexible relative to forces acting in the lateral direction or the circumferential direction 2b of the cover (or perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 2a of the cover). As mentioned above, this basic shape can be, for example, surface-shaped, rectangular, or U-shaped.

[0122] Furthermore, the fold 12 and the wave 16 may also have shapes other than those shown. For example, the wave 16 may have a trapezoidal or rectangular shape.

Claims

1. A forming method for manufacturing a cover wall section (4c) of a cover, wherein, The cover wall section (4c) has at least one multi-layered facing (20) with a reinforcing carrier (21) and at least on one side with a polymer layer (22), wherein the cover is configured as a transition canopy for protecting a transition of components that are movably connected to one another or a transition of a building section, The method has the following method steps: a) providing at least one multi-layered facing (20); b) covering at least one facing (20) on a forming surface (44) of a mold (36) and clamping the at least one facing (20) to the forming surface (44) by means of at least one clamping element (48); c) hardening the at least one facing (20) and / or the at least one clamping element (48), thereby fixing the cover wall section (4c) in its shape.

2. The forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one facing (20) is hardened, thereby fixing the facing in its shape; and / or the at least one clamping element (48) is hardened, thereby fixing the clamping element in its shape.

3. The forming method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a cover wall section (4c) having a folded or wavy profile (11; 15) with at least one fold (12) or wave (16) is produced, the forming surface (44) has a corresponding shaped profile for forming the folded or wavy profile (11; 15), the at least one facing (20) is clamped to the forming surface (44) by means of the at least one clamping element (48), thereby giving the at least one facing (20) the folded or wavy profile (11; 15), and the at least one facing (20) and / or the at least one clamping element (48) is hardened, thereby fixing the at least one facing (20) in its shape with the folded or wavy profile (11; 15).

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one provided facing (20) has at least one polymer layer composed of a thermally hardenable polymer, wherein the at least one polymer layer is hardened when the facing (20) is warmed and thereby fixes the facing (20) in its shape, wherein one or both polymer layers (22) are optionally composed of a thermally hardenable polymer.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one clamping element (48) is designed to be elongated.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the at least one clamping element (48) is bendable before hardening and is fixed in its shape when hardened.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one clamping element (48) is a) a clamping hose, which is filled with a material that is thermally hardenable when the clamping hose is warmed; and / or b) a clamping profile, which is composed of a thermally hardenable polymer. b) a clamping cord, which is filled with a material that can be heat-hardened when the clamping cord is warmed.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one elongated clamping element (48) is arranged in the passage (23) of the face (20), wherein the face (20) has: - a reinforced carrier (21) with a carrier fabric (24) composed of warp threads (25) and weft threads (26), wherein the warp and weft threads (25; 26) are interwoven with one another such that the carrier fabric (24) has not only single-layer fabric regions (29) but also at least one at least double-layer fabric region (30) with at least two fabric layers (31a; b) that are not connected to one another, thereby forming the passage (23) between the fabric layers (31a; b) respectively; and / or - a reinforced carrier (21) with two faces that are connected to one another such that a guide in the form of a loop is formed, which respectively configures the passage, wherein the faces are connected to one another and / or the faces respectively have at least one textile face; and / or - a textile spacer face composed of two textile faces that are connected to one another by a pile thread, wherein the pile thread keeps the two textile faces at a distance, thereby forming at least one passage.

9. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one elongated clamping element (48) is clamped around the forming surface (44) for clamping the at least one face (20).

10. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of faces (20) is covered on the forming surface (44), wherein the faces (20) adjacent to one another overlap.

11. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a ring-shaped cover wall section (4c) or a complete ring-shaped cover wall (4) formed by a single or a plurality of faces (20) is produced in the shaping step.

12. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that - a first region of the at least one face (20) is clamped to a region of the forming surface (44) in which the forming surface is strongly curved, and - a second region of the at least one face (20) is clamped to a region of the forming surface (44) in which the forming surface is not strongly curved, wherein the planar object (20) has a higher maximum tensile elongation ε according to DIN EN ISO 13934-1 :2013 in the region of the strongly curved region compared to the region of the not strongly curved region H .

13. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a mold shell (37) is used, which has a corresponding forming surface (49) corresponding to the forming surface (44), wherein, prior to warming, the mold shell (37) is moved onto an inward mold (36) such that the at least one face (20) is arranged in a form-locked manner therebetween.

14. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one elongated clamping element (48) is clamped in a manner that surrounds the faces (20) covering the mold (36) from the outside.

15. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The multi-layered planar object has polymer layers (22) on both sides.

16. The forming method according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one planar object (20) is warmed, so that the planar object is fixed in its shape.

17. The forming method according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one clamping element (48) is warmed, so that the clamping element is fixed in its shape.

18. The forming method according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one planar object (20) and / or the at least one clamping element (48) is warmed, so that the at least one planar object (20) is fixed in its shape with the folded or wavy profile (11; 15).

19. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one polymer layer is hardened and thereby fixes the planar object (20) in its shape with the folded or wavy profile (11; 15) when the planar object (20) is warmed, wherein one or both polymer layers (22) are optionally composed of a thermally hardenable polymer.

20. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the clamping element (48) is a bendable clamping element (48).

21. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the clamping element (48) is a clamping cord or a clamping hose.

22. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the clamping element (48) is a corrugated hose that is braided.

23. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the planar object (20) is fixed in its shape with the folded or wavy profile (11; 15) by the at least one clamping element (48) being fixed in its shape.

24. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the planar object (20) is fixed in its shape with the folded or wavy profile (11; 15) by the at least one clamping element (48) being fixed in its shape.

25. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the thermally hardenable material is a thermally hardenable polymer.

26. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the thermally hardenable material is an epoxy resin and / or a phenolic resin and / or a thermoplastic polymer or a high Shore hardness elastomer mixture.

27. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one elongated clamping element (48) is arranged in a channel (23) of the planar object (20) before the covering.

28. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one elongated clamping element (48) is arranged in a channel (23) of a reinforcing carrier (21).

29. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the planar objects are connected to one another by sewing, braiding, knitting, bonding or gluing and / or the planar objects each have at least one textile planar object.

30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that The textile face respectively is a fabric or a knit.

31. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that The textile face respectively is a knit or a knitted item.

32. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The textile spacer face is a spacer fabric or a spacer knit.

33. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The textile spacer face is a spacer knit or a spacer knitted item.

34. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The clamping element (48) or at least a portion of the clamping elements (48) in the case of a plurality of clamping elements (48) respectively is arranged in a groove-like recess (46) of the forming surface (44).

35. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that In the region of the recess (46) respectively a wave trough (19) of a wave-like profile (15) or a fold edge of a fold-like profile (11) is formed.

36. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The faces (20) adjacent to one another overlap with their edge regions.

37. The method according to claim 36, characterized in that The faces (20) are connected to one another in the overlapping edge regions by the hardening of the polymer layer (22).

38. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The outer-facing upper side of the at least one face (20) of the mold shell (37) rests on the corresponding forming surface (49).

39. A covering (1) having a covering wall (4), characterized in that The covering wall (4) has at least one covering wall section (4c) manufactured according to the method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the covering is configured as a transition canopy for protecting a transition or a transition of a building section of components movably connected to one another relative to one another.

40. The covering (1) according to claim 39, having a fold-like profile (11), characterized in that The fold-like profile (11) has a plurality of folds (12) adjacent to one another, wherein the folds (12) respectively have fold-like side edges (13) which respectively transition into one another in pairs by alternating inner and outer fold edges, and wherein the covering wall (4) is clamped into a covering clamping frame (3) at at least a portion of the fold edges, wherein the covering clamping frame (3) consists of at least one hardened clamping element (48) and is arranged in a channel (23) of the covering wall (4), wherein the channels (23) are provided in the inner and outer fold edges in an optional manner, in which the covering clamping frame (3) in the form of the hardened clamping elements (48) is arranged at least partially circumferentially.

41. The covering (1) according to claim 39, having a wave-like profile (15), characterized in that The wave profile (15) has a plurality of waves (16) adjacent to one another, which transition into one another via wave edges (18), wherein the awning wall (4) is clamped into an awning clamping frame (3) at at least a portion of the wave edges (18), wherein the awning clamping frame (3) consists of at least one hardened clamping element (48) and is arranged in a channel (23) of the awning wall (4).

42. Awning (1) according to claim 39 or 40, characterized in that The awning (1) is designed to be planar or rectangular in cross section or U-shaped in cross section and has at least two awning clamping frames (3), wherein the awning wall (4) is clamped into the awning clamping frames (3) or is braced apart by the awning clamping frames.

43. Awning (1) according to claim 39, The awning wall has a folded or wave profile (11; 15).

44. Awning (1) according to claim 41, characterized in that The wave profile (15) has a plurality of waves (16) adjacent to one another, which transition into one another via wave edges (18), wherein the awning wall (4) is clamped into an awning clamping frame (3) at at least a portion of the wave edges (18), wherein the awning clamping frame (3) consists of at least one hardened clamping element (48) and is arranged in a channel (23) of the awning wall (4).

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