Anti-icing and de-icing system for fan blade, control method, control device and controller

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a kind of fan blade anti-icing and deicing system and control method, control device and controller, for the control method of fan blade anti-icing and deicing system, comprising: obtaining the air temperature, air humidity and wind speed of the environment where fan blade is located;First icing thickness of the top of the nacelle of fan and the second icing thickness of the outer surface of fan blade are obtained;According to air temperature, air humidity and wind speed, the environmental urgency of fan blade is determined;And according to environmental urgency, first icing thickness and second icing thickness, the working mode of anti-icing and deicing system is controlled.The embodiment of the application can accurately control whether anti-icing and deicing system is started and works in anti-icing mode, ice melting mode or deicing mode according to different weather conditions and icing conditions of fan blade, avoid refusal to act and / or misoperation phenomenon due to equipment failure and / or monitoring principle, improve reliability and working efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of wind turbine generator during icing period.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to an anti-icing and de-icing system for a wind turbine blade, a control method, a control device and a controller. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, in order to meet the growing demand for energy, wind power as a new type of renewable energy has been rapidly developed. In places with low temperature, high humidity and high altitude, wind turbines often encounter icing weather when operating in winter. The icing of the blade will cause the overload and load imbalance of the blade, resulting in the reduction of the operating efficiency of the wind turbine, and even the shutdown of the wind turbine. When the icing is serious, the unit must be disconnected from the grid and shut down, resulting in the reduction of the utilization rate of the unit and the loss of power generation. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the wind turbine in cold weather, the anti-icing and de-icing of the wind turbine blade is of great significance. The commonly used and relatively safe de-icing method for the wind turbine blade is the air heating de-icing method, in which hot air is introduced into the inner cavity of the wind turbine blade and the leading edge area of the blade tip by a blower and a heater to form a heat cycle in the inner cavity and achieve the effect of heating the surface of the blade, while avoiding the risk of lightning. However, the existing air heating de-icing control system mainly adopts a temperature-based start-up control method, and some systems adopt a temperature plus icing monitoring start-up control method. The logic is single, the variables are simple, the anti-icing and de-icing mode judgment method is simple, and the air heating de-icing system is prone to malfunction or refusal due to faults of the monitoring device, affecting the reliability of the system and causing energy waste. On the other hand, the current control system mainly uses the icing monitoring based on the deviation value of the wind power curve, but in addition to the icing of the blade, many environmental factors such as altitude (air density), humidity temperature, gust, raindrops, blade contamination and turbulence will also affect the wind power, bringing considerable error to the icing monitoring, which may cause the de-icing system to start up mistakenly and cause a large amount of energy consumption, and therefore is only suitable for use as an auxiliary monitoring means. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a technical solution to solve the above technical problems in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an anti-icing and de-icing system for a wind turbine blade, a control method, a control device and a controller, which solves the technical problem of the malfunction and / or refusal of the existing anti-icing and de-icing system for a wind turbine blade caused by the single control logic or low reliability.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a control method for an anti-icing and de-icing system for a wind turbine blade, comprising: acquiring the air temperature, air humidity and wind speed of the environment in which the wind turbine blade is located; acquiring the first icing thickness of the top of the nacelle of the wind turbine and the second icing thickness of the outer surface of the wind turbine blade; determining the environmental urgency of the wind turbine blade according to the air temperature, air humidity and wind speed; and controlling the working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing system according to the environmental urgency, the first icing thickness and the second icing thickness.

[0005] In the embodiment of the present application, the working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing system is selected from any one of the following modes: an anti-icing mode; a de-icing mode; and a de-icing mode; the anti-icing and de-icing system comprises a blower and a heater, an air outlet of the blower is in communication with an air inlet of the heater; in the anti-icing mode, the heater is in an open state, the blower is in an open state, and the temperature of the air outlet of the heater is in a first temperature range; in the de-icing mode, the heater is in an open state, the blower is in an open state, and the temperature of the air outlet of the heater is in a second temperature range; and in the de-icing mode, the heater is in an open state, the blower is in an open state, and the temperature of the air outlet of the heater is in a third temperature range; wherein the upper limit value of the first temperature range is less than the lower limit value of the second temperature range, and the lower limit value of the third temperature range is greater than the upper limit value of the second temperature range.

[0006] In the embodiment of the present application, the first temperature range is 98-102℃, the second temperature range is 108-112℃, and the third temperature range is 118-122℃.

[0007] In the embodiment of the present application, the working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing system is controlled according to the environmental urgency, the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness, which comprises: in the case that the environmental urgency is not less than a first urgency and the environmental urgency is less than a second urgency, the anti-icing and de-icing system is controlled to work in the anti-icing mode; in the case that the environmental urgency is not less than the second urgency and any one of the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is not less than a first thickness, the anti-icing and de-icing system is controlled to work in the de-icing mode; and in the case that the environmental urgency is not less than the second urgency and any one of the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is not less than a second thickness, the anti-icing and de-icing system is controlled to work in the de-icing mode; wherein the first thickness is less than the second thickness.

[0008] In the embodiment of the present application, the working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing system is controlled according to the environmental urgency, the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness, which includes: in the case that the environmental urgency is not less than the first urgency and the environmental urgency is less than the second urgency, the anti-icing and de-icing system is controlled to work in the anti-icing mode; in the case that the environmental urgency is not less than the second urgency and any one of the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is not less than the first thickness, the target working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing system is determined to be the ice melting mode; in the case that the environmental urgency is not less than the second urgency and any one of the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is not less than the second thickness, the target working mode is determined to be the ice shedding mode; in the case that the target working mode is the ice melting mode or the ice shedding mode, whether the anti-icing and de-icing system meets the de-icing false start condition is determined according to the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness; in the case that the anti-icing and de-icing system is determined to meet the de-icing false start condition, the anti-icing and de-icing system is controlled to stop working; and in the case that the anti-icing and de-icing system is determined not to meet the de-icing false start condition, the anti-icing and de-icing system is controlled to work in the target working mode; wherein the first thickness is less than the second thickness.

[0009] In the embodiment of the present application, whether the anti-icing and de-icing system meets the de-icing false start condition is determined according to the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness, which includes: in the case that the target working mode is the ice melting mode, whether the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are located on both sides of the first thickness is determined; in the case that the target working mode is the ice shedding mode, whether the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are located on both sides of the second thickness is determined; in the case that the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are determined to be located on both sides of the first thickness, and in the case that the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are determined to be located on both sides of the second thickness, whether the difference ratio between the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is greater than a preset difference ratio is determined; in the case that the difference ratio is determined to be greater than the preset difference ratio, whether the wind power deviation of the fan is greater than a preset wind power deviation is determined; in the case that the wind power deviation of the fan is determined to be greater than the preset wind power deviation, the anti-icing and de-icing system is determined not to meet the de-icing false start condition; and in the case that the wind power deviation of the fan is determined not to be greater than the preset wind power deviation, the anti-icing and de-icing system is determined to meet the de-icing false start condition.

[0010] In the embodiment of the present application, whether the anti-icing and de-icing system meets the false start condition is determined according to the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness, which includes: in the case that the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are determined not to be located on both sides of the first thickness, in the case that the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are determined not to be located on both sides of the second thickness, and in the case that the difference ratio between the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is determined not to be greater than the preset difference ratio, the anti-icing and de-icing system is determined not to meet the de-icing false start condition.

[0011] In the embodiment of the present application, the relationship between the difference ratio and the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness satisfies:

[0012]

[0013] wherein C D is the difference ratio, D1 is the first ice thickness, and D2 is the second ice thickness; the preset difference ratio has a value range of 25%-30%.

[0014] In the embodiment of the present application, the determination formula of the wind power deviation is:

[0015]

[0016] wherein C P is the wind power deviation, P0 is the power corresponding to the wind speed in the wind power curve of the wind turbine, and P1 is the actual power generation of the wind turbine; the preset wind power deviation has a value range of 20%-30%.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present application, the first thickness has a value range of 0.5mm-1mm, and the second thickness has a value range of 3mm-4mm.

[0018] In the embodiment of the present application, the relationship between the environmental urgency and the air temperature, the air humidity and the wind speed satisfies:

[0019] f(x)=K P *p w *K T *T e *K W *W S ;

[0020] wherein f(x) is the environmental urgency, K P is a humidity control coefficient, p w is the air humidity, K T is a temperature control coefficient, T e is the air temperature, K W is a wind speed control coefficient, and W S is the wind speed.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, the first urgency has a value range of 4.5-5.5, and the second urgency has a value range of 14.5-15.5.

[0022] The second aspect of the present application provides a controller configured to execute the control method of the anti-icing and de-icing system for the wind turbine blade of the foregoing embodiment.

[0023] The third aspect of the present application provides a control device for an anti-icing and de-icing system of a wind turbine blade, comprising: a meteorological element detection device configured to detect air temperature, air humidity and wind speed of an environment where the wind turbine blade is located; a first ice thickness detection device configured to detect ice thickness of a top of a nacelle of the wind turbine; a second ice thickness detection device configured to detect ice thickness of an outer surface of the wind turbine blade; and the controller of the foregoing embodiments.

[0024] In the embodiments of the present application, the meteorological element detection device comprises: a temperature sensor configured to detect air temperature of an environment where the wind turbine blade is located; a humidity sensor configured to detect air humidity of the environment where the wind turbine blade is located; and a wind speed sensor configured to detect wind speed of the environment where the wind turbine blade is located.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, the meteorological element detection device comprises a five-element meteorological sensor.

[0026] In the embodiments of the present application, the control device for the anti-icing and de-icing system of the wind turbine blade further comprises: a temperature detection device configured to detect temperature of an air outlet of a heater of the anti-icing and de-icing system.

[0027] The third aspect of the present application provides an anti-icing and de-icing system of a wind turbine blade, characterized in that comprising: a heater; a blower, an air outlet of the blower being in communication with, for example, an air inlet of the heater; and the control device for the anti-icing and de-icing system of the wind turbine blade of the foregoing embodiments.

[0028] The foregoing embodiments of the present application can realize, through the technical solutions thereof, accurate control of whether the anti-icing and de-icing system is started and works in an anti-icing mode, an ice melting mode or an ice shedding mode according to different meteorological conditions and ice coating conditions of the wind turbine blade, avoid the anti-icing and de-icing system from appearing a refusal to act phenomenon and / or a misoperation phenomenon due to equipment failure and / or monitoring principles, improve reliability and working efficiency of the anti-icing and de-icing system, and ensure stable operation of the wind turbine generator during an icing period.

[0029] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the following specific implementation part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the following specific implementation to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a control method 100 for an anti-icing and de-icing system of a wind turbine blade of the embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control device 200 for the anti-icing and de-icing system of wind turbine blades according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-icing and de-icing system 300 for wind turbine blades according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation positions of the main components of the wind turbine blade anti-icing and de-icing control system as an example of the present invention; and

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control logic of the control method for the anti-icing and de-icing control system of the wind turbine blades, as an example of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0038] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a control method 100 for an anti-icing and de-icing system for wind turbine blades is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0040] Step S110: Obtain the air temperature, air humidity and wind speed of the environment where the wind turbine blades are located.

[0041] Step S130: Obtain the first icing thickness of the top of the wind turbine nacelle and the second icing thickness of the outer surface of the wind turbine blades.

[0042] Step S150: determining the environmental urgency of the fan blade according to the air temperature, the air humidity and the wind speed.

[0043] Step S170: controlling the working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing system according to the environmental urgency, the first icing thickness and the second icing thickness.

[0044] Specifically, the working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing system is for example selected from any one of the following modes: an anti-icing mode, a de-icing mode and a de-icing mode, which are respectively used to achieve the purposes of anti-icing, de-icing and de-icing.

[0045] Specifically, the anti-icing and de-icing system for example comprises a blower and a heater, and the air outlet of the blower is for example in communication with the air inlet of the heater. Accordingly, in the anti-icing mode, the heater is for example in an open state, the blower is for example in an open state, and the temperature of the air outlet of the heater is for example in a first temperature interval. In the de-icing mode, the heater is for example in an open state, the blower is for example in an open state, and the temperature of the air outlet of the heater is for example in a second temperature interval. In the de-icing mode, the heater is for example in an open state, the blower is for example in an open state, and the temperature of the air outlet of the heater is for example in a third temperature interval. Wherein, the upper limit value of the first temperature interval is for example less than the lower limit value of the second temperature interval, and the lower limit value of the third temperature interval is for example greater than the upper limit value of the second temperature interval. That is, in different working modes, the temperature of the air outlet of the heater can be controlled to be in the corresponding temperature interval by controlling the working state of the air-heating assembly composed of the blower and the heater, so as to achieve the purposes of anti-icing, de-icing or de-icing.

[0046] Specifically, the first temperature interval is for example 98-102℃, the second temperature interval is for example 108-112℃, and the third temperature interval is for example 118-122℃. Of course, the values of the first temperature interval, the second temperature interval and the third temperature interval of the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this, and for example, other suitable values can also be set.

[0047] Specifically, in one case, the working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing system is controlled according to the environmental urgency, the first icing thickness and the second icing thickness, that is, step S170 for example can comprise the following steps:

[0048] (a1) In the case that the environmental urgency is not less than the first urgency and the environmental urgency is less than the second urgency, the anti-icing and de-icing system is controlled to work in the anti-icing mode.

[0049] (a2) In the case that the environmental urgency is not less than the second urgency and any one of the first icing thickness and the second icing thickness is not less than the first thickness, the anti-icing and de-icing system is controlled to work in the de-icing mode. And

[0050] (a3) in a case where the environmental urgency is not less than the second urgency and any one of the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is not less than the second thickness, controlling the de-icing anti-icing system to work in the de-icing mode. The first thickness is, for example, less than the second thickness.

[0051] Specifically, in another case, the working mode of the de-icing anti-icing system is controlled according to the environmental urgency, the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness, i.e., step S170 can include the following steps:

[0052] (b1) in a case where the environmental urgency is not less than the first urgency and the environmental urgency is less than the second urgency, controlling the de-icing anti-icing system to work in the de-icing mode.

[0053] (b2) in a case where the environmental urgency is not less than the second urgency and any one of the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is not less than the first thickness, determining that the target working mode of the de-icing anti-icing system is the de-icing mode.

[0054] (b3) in a case where the environmental urgency is not less than the second urgency and any one of the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is not less than the second thickness, determining that the target working mode is the de-icing mode.

[0055] (b4) in a case where the target working mode is the de-icing mode or the de-icing mode, determining whether the de-icing anti-icing system meets the de-icing false start condition according to the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness.

[0056] (b5) in a case where it is determined that the de-icing anti-icing system meets the de-icing false start condition, controlling the de-icing anti-icing system to stop working. and

[0057] (b6) in a case where it is determined that the de-icing anti-icing system does not meet the de-icing false start condition, controlling the de-icing anti-icing system to work in the target working mode. The first thickness is, for example, less than the second thickness.

[0058] Specifically, whether the de-icing anti-icing system meets the de-icing false start condition is determined according to the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness, i.e., step (b4) includes, for example:

[0059] (b41) in a case where the target working mode is the de-icing mode, determining whether the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are located on both sides of the first thickness.

[0060] (b42) in a case where the target working mode is the de-icing mode, determining whether the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are located on both sides of the second thickness.

[0061] (b43) in the case where it is determined that the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are located on two sides of the first thickness, and in the case where it is determined that the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are located on two sides of the second thickness, determining whether a difference ratio between the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is greater than a preset difference ratio.

[0062] (b44) in the case where it is determined that the difference ratio is greater than the preset difference ratio, determining whether a wind power deviation of the wind turbine is greater than a preset wind power deviation.

[0063] (b45) in the case where it is determined that the wind power deviation of the wind turbine is greater than the preset wind power deviation, determining that the anti-icing and de-icing system does not meet the de-icing false start condition. and

[0064] (b46) in the case where it is determined that the wind power deviation of the wind turbine is not greater than the preset wind power deviation, determining that the anti-icing and de-icing system meets the de-icing false start condition.

[0065] Further, the determination of whether the anti-icing and de-icing system meets the false start condition according to the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness, i.e., step (b4) can further include steps of:

[0066] (b47) in the case where it is determined that the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are not located on two sides of the first thickness, in the case where it is determined that the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are not located on two sides of the second thickness, and in the case where it is determined that the difference ratio between the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is not greater than the preset difference ratio, determining that the anti-icing and de-icing system does not meet the de-icing false start condition.

[0067] Specifically, the relationship between the difference ratio and the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness satisfies, for example:

[0068]

[0069] wherein C D is the difference ratio, D1 is the first ice thickness, and D2 is the second ice thickness. The preset difference ratio can be, for example, in a range of 25%-30%, such as 25%, 28%, 30%, etc.

[0070] Specifically, the determination formula of the wind power deviation can be, for example:

[0071]

[0072] wherein C P is the wind power deviation, P0 is the power corresponding to the wind speed in the wind power curve of the wind turbine, and P1 is the actual power of the wind turbine. The preset wind power deviation can be, for example, in a range of 20%-30%, such as 20%, 21%, 25%, 26%, 30%, etc.

[0073] Specifically, the first thickness is in a range of, for example, 0.5 mm-1 mm, such as 0.5 mm, 0.65 mm, 1 mm, etc. The second thickness is in a range of, for example, 3 mm-4 mm, such as 3 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.7 mm, 4 mm, etc.

[0074] Specifically, the relationship between the environmental urgency and the air temperature, the air humidity, and the wind speed satisfies, for example:

[0075] f(x)=K P *p w *K T *T e *K W *W S .

[0076] wherein f(x) is the environmental urgency, K P is the humidity control coefficient, p w is the air humidity, K T is the temperature control coefficient, T e is the air temperature, K W is the wind speed control coefficient, and W S is the wind speed. The greater the value of f(x), i.e., the environmental urgency, the worse the meteorological conditions of the fan blade, and the more likely the icing occurs. To some extent, the environmental urgency can represent the urgency of starting the anti-icing and de-icing system in the environment of the fan blade.

[0077] Specifically, K P , i.e., the humidity control coefficient, is in a unit of, for example, m 3 / g, p w , i.e., the air humidity, is in a unit of, for example, g / m 3 , K T , i.e., the temperature control coefficient, is in a unit of, for example, ℃ -1 , T e , i.e., the air temperature, is in a unit of, for example, ℃, K W , i.e., the wind speed control coefficient, is in a unit of, for example, s / m, and W S , i.e., the wind speed, is in a unit of, for example, m / s. Specifically, K P , i.e., the humidity control coefficient, is in a range of, for example, 0.27 m 3 / g-0.31 m 3 / g, K T , i.e., the temperature control coefficient, is in a range of, for example, -0.6 ℃ -1 --0.7 ℃ -1 , and K W , i.e., the wind speed control coefficient, is in a range of, for example, 0.71 s / m-0.83 s / m.

[0078] Specifically, the first urgency level ranges from 4.5 to 5.5, with possible values ​​such as 4.5, 4.65, 4.7, 5.1, and 5.5. The second urgency level ranges from 14.5 to 15.5, with possible values ​​such as 14.5, 14.6, 15.25, 15.3, and 15.5. When the environmental urgency level is less than the first urgency level, it is considered that there is no risk of icing on the outer surface of the wind turbine blades.

[0079] In this embodiment of the invention, a controller is provided, which is configured, for example, to execute a control method 100 for an anti-icing and de-icing system for wind turbine blades according to any of the foregoing embodiments. The specific functions and details of the control method 100 for the anti-icing and de-icing system for wind turbine blades can be found in the relevant descriptions of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0080] Specifically, the controller can be, for example, an embedded system, a microprocessor, a programmable logic device, or other control device.

[0081] like Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a control device 200 for an anti-icing and de-icing system for wind turbine blades is provided, including: a controller 210, a meteorological element detection device 230, a first icing thickness detection device 250, and a second icing thickness detection device 270.

[0082] The controller 210 is, for example, a controller according to any of the foregoing embodiments. The specific functions and details of the controller 210 can be found in the relevant descriptions of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here. The controller 210 is, for example, signal-connected to the meteorological element detection device 230, the first icing thickness detection device 250, and the second icing thickness detection device 270, respectively.

[0083] Meteorological element detection equipment 230 is configured, for example, to detect the air temperature, air humidity and wind speed of the environment in which the wind turbine blades are located.

[0084] The first icing thickness detection device 250 is configured, for example, to detect the icing thickness on the top of the nacelle of a wind turbine. The first icing thickness detection device 250 includes, for example, a microwave dielectric constant icing thickness sensor, specifically, it may be installed on the top of the nacelle of the wind turbine.

[0085] The second icing thickness detection device 270 is configured, for example, to detect the icing thickness on the outer surface of a wind turbine blade. The second icing thickness detection device 270 includes, for example, a piezoelectric ceramic icing thickness sensor, which can be mounted on the outer surface of the wind turbine blade, more specifically, for example, on the outer surface near the tip of the wind turbine blade at the leading edge. Of course, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto; the second icing thickness detection device 270 may also include multiple icing thickness detection devices, evenly arranged on the outer surface of the leading edge of the wind turbine blade. Furthermore, the second icing thickness detection device 270 may also be disposed on the outer surface of the trailing edge of the wind turbine blade.

[0086] Specifically, the meteorological element detection device 230 may include multiple sensors such as a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a wind speed sensor. These multiple sensors work together to detect the air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed of the environment in which the wind turbine blades are located. For example, the temperature sensor is configured to detect the air temperature of the environment in which the wind turbine blades are located, the humidity sensor is configured to detect the air humidity of the environment in which the wind turbine blades are located, and the wind speed sensor is configured to detect the wind speed of the environment in which the wind turbine blades are located.

[0087] The meteorological element detection device 230 may, for example, include only one multifunctional sensor, such as a five-element meteorological sensor, which enables the detection of air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed in the environment where the wind turbine blades are located. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this; for example, other sensors capable of detecting air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed may also be used.

[0088] Specifically, the meteorological element detection equipment 230 can be installed, for example, on the top of the wind turbine nacelle.

[0089] Furthermore, the control device 200 for the anti-icing and de-icing system of the wind turbine blades may also include, for example, a temperature detection device 290. The temperature detection device 290 is configured, for example, to detect the temperature of the outlet air of the heater in the anti-icing and de-icing system.

[0090] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, an anti-icing and de-icing system 300 for wind turbine blades is provided, including: a control device 310, a heater 330, and a blower 350.

[0091] The control device 310 is, for example, a control device 200 for an anti-icing and de-icing system for wind turbine blades according to any of the foregoing embodiments. The specific functions and details of the control device 200 for the anti-icing and de-icing system for wind turbine blades can be found in the relevant descriptions of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0092] The air outlet of the blower 350 is connected, for example, to the air inlet of the heater 330. The heater 330 and the blower 350 constitute the gas-heated component of the anti-icing and de-icing system.

[0093] The following detailed description, using a specific example, illustrates the control method 100 for the anti-icing and de-icing system of wind turbine blades, the control device 200 for the anti-icing and de-icing system of wind turbine blades, and the anti-icing and de-icing system 300 for wind turbine blades according to embodiments of the present invention. The specific details of this embodiment are as follows:

[0094] This invention provides an anti-icing and de-icing control system and method for wind turbine blades that combines anti-rejection and anti-misoperation functions, exhibiting high reliability and high anti-icing and de-icing efficiency. The anti-icing and de-icing control system for wind turbine blades in this invention mainly includes: a control system, a five-element meteorological sensor, a microwave dielectric constant ice thickness sensor, a piezoelectric ceramic ice thickness sensor, and a gas-thermal assembly consisting of a blower and a heater.

[0095] like Figure 4 The diagram shows the installation positions of the main components of the anti-icing and de-icing control system for wind turbine blades according to an example of the present invention. 1 is a blower, 2 is the leading edge of the wind turbine blade, 3 is a heater, 4 is a heat pipe, 5 is a piezoelectric ceramic ice thickness sensor, 6 is the web of the wind turbine blade, 7 is a five-element meteorological sensor and a microwave dielectric constant ice thickness sensor, and 8 is the hub of the wind turbine. Specifically, in this example, the air-heating assembly consisting of the blower 1 and the heater 3 is installed inside the wind turbine blade cavity, specifically on the inner surface of the leading edge of the wind turbine blade near the blade root. The air inlet of the heater 3 is connected to the air outlet of the blower 1, and the air outlet of the heater 3 is connected to a heat pipe 4. The length of the heat pipe 4 ranges from, for example, 12m to 30m, and the diameter ranges from, for example, 200mm to 300mm. The piezoelectric ceramic icing thickness sensor 5 is, for example, disposed on the outer surface of the leading edge of the wind turbine blade near the blade tip. However, this invention is not limited to this; multiple piezoelectric ceramic icing thickness sensors can be evenly distributed on the outer surface of the leading edge of the wind turbine blade, or even disposed on the outer surface of the trailing edge of the wind turbine blade. The five-element meteorological sensor and the microwave dielectric constant icing thickness sensor 7 are both disposed on the top of the wind turbine nacelle. After the air-heating assembly starts working, the airflow inside the wind turbine blade cavity is heated by the heater 3 and then blown towards the blade tip via the heat pipe 4 in the direction indicated by the arrow. The airflow then flows from the air duct formed by the gap between the blade tip and the web 6 to the air duct formed between the web 6 and the trailing edge of the blade, finally flowing back to the air inlet of the heater 3, thus forming a complete air circulation path. This circulating heating of the air inside the wind turbine blade cavity effectively heats the key areas where icing occurs on the wind turbine blade, while also addressing the trailing edge and root section of the blade. Finally, the air returns to the intake of the blower 1 and then enters the air inlet of the heater 3 for further circulating heating. This cycle continues until the temperature inside the wind turbine blade cavity is saturated.

[0096] The control logic diagram of the control method of the anti-icing and de-icing control system of the fan blade of the example of the present application is shown in Figure 5 The main control logic is introduced as follows:

[0097] (1) The control system acquires the air temperature, air humidity and wind speed of the environment where the fan blade is located collected by the five-element weather sensor, and simultaneously judges the starting conditions of which working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing control system is met in combination with the icing thickness of the outer surface of the fan blade and the icing thickness of the top of the nacelle measured by the two sets of icing thickness monitoring devices, i.e. the piezoelectric ceramic icing thickness sensor and the microwave dielectric constant icing thickness sensor, and then controls the working state of the air-heat assembly according to the judgment result to complete the air-heat assembly control.

[0098] (2) The starting conditions corresponding to each working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing control system are as follows (where f(x) is the environmental urgency of the fan blade):

[0099] The anti-icing mode starting condition: 5≤f(x)<15. In the anti-icing mode, the control system controls the heater and the blower to be in the open state, for example, controls the heater to open the first-level heating at a power of 12kw, so that the temperature of the air outlet of the heater is between 98℃-102℃, so that the temperature of the outer surface of the blade is maintained above 0℃ before icing, so that it is not easy to ice, and the anti-icing effect is realized.

[0100] The ice melting mode starting condition: f(x)≥15, and the icing thickness D monitored by any one of the piezoelectric ceramic icing thickness sensor and the microwave dielectric constant icing thickness sensor exceeds the first thickness (such as 0.5mm), considering that the outer surface of the blade has icing, the ice melting mode is started. In the ice melting mode, the control system controls the heater and the blower to be in the open state, for example, controls the heater to open the second-level heating at a power of 18kw, so that the temperature of the air outlet of the heater is between 108℃-112℃, to realize the ice melting effect.

[0101] The ice removal mode starting condition: f(x)≥15, and the icing thickness D monitored by any one of the piezoelectric ceramic icing thickness sensor and the microwave dielectric constant icing thickness sensor exceeds the second thickness (such as 3mm), considering that the outer surface of the blade has relatively serious icing, the ice removal mode is entered. In the ice removal mode, the control system controls the heater and the blower to be in the open state, for example, controls the heater to open the third-level heating at a power of 30kw, so that the temperature of the air outlet of the heater is between 118℃

[0102] -122℃, to realize the ice removal effect.

[0103] The control system obtains in real time the air temperature, air humidity and wind speed of the environment where the fan blade is located collected by the five-element weather sensor, and the icing thickness of the outer surface of the fan blade and the icing thickness of the top of the cabin of the fan measured by the piezoelectric ceramic icing thickness sensor and the microwave dielectric constant icing thickness sensor, and determines which starting condition of the working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing control system according to the real-time data, and then controls the working state of the air heating assembly according to the real-time determination result to complete the air heating assembly control. For example, if the condition for starting the ice melting mode is detected in the anti-icing mode, the ice melting mode is entered. If the condition for starting the ice removal mode is detected in the ice melting mode, the ice removal mode is entered. If the condition for starting the anti-icing mode, the ice melting mode and the ice removal mode is no longer met in any working mode, the current working mode is exited.

[0104] (3) The anti-icing and de-icing control system of the present application can further introduce an ice removal mis-starting judgment to preliminarily determine the target working mode according to the aforementioned starting conditions. Specifically, for the case where the target working mode is the anti-icing mode, the anti-icing mode is directly entered. For the case where the target working mode is the ice melting mode or the ice removal mode, an ice removal mis-starting judgment is performed according to the icing thickness of the outer surface of the fan blade and the icing thickness of the top of the cabin of the fan and the wind power deviation of the fan to determine whether the ice removal mis-starting condition is met. If the ice removal mis-starting condition is met, it is considered that the system is faulty, the target working mode is not entered, the air heating assembly is locked, and maintenance is performed to eliminate the fault. If the ice removal mis-starting condition is not met, it is considered that the corresponding icing condition has indeed occurred, and the target working mode is entered. By introducing the ice removal mis-starting judgment, the misoperation caused by the wind power deviation method error or the fault of the icing thickness monitoring device can be effectively avoided. The ice removal mis-starting judgment logic is included in the aforementioned embodiments of the present application and will not be described here.

[0105] (4) Further, the anti-icing and de-icing control system of the present application can further be provided with an overheating protection measure, for example, a temperature sensor (not shown in the figure) such as a PT100 is arranged on the inner surface of the blade leading edge near the outlet of the heat pipe 4 to monitor the inner surface temperature of the blade leading edge in real time, and the monitored temperature signal is fed back to the control system to form a negative feedback temperature closed-loop control system for temperature overrun control. If the inner surface temperature of the blade leading edge is monitored to be higher than a preset temperature such as 50℃, the control system will turn off the heater 3 and continuously turn on the air blower 1 to cool down, ensuring the safety of the fan blade during operation. The preset temperature can be in the range of 50℃-55℃, for example. If the preset temperature is no longer higher than the preset temperature, the heater 3 and the air blower 1 will continue to work according to the working mode they should be in.

[0106] (5) After the anti-icing, ice melting or ice removal work is completed, or there is no need to perform anti-icing, ice melting or ice removal, the system controller can control the air heating assembly to stop the anti-icing and de-icing work.

[0107] In summary, the technical solutions of the foregoing embodiments of the present application comprehensively consider temperature and humidity, ice thickness and / or wind power and other factors to determine the anti-icing mode, ice melting mode and ice shedding mode, are more accurate in judging the actual icing condition of the fan blade and the state in which the air-thermal assembly should work, can improve the working efficiency of the system, can effectively prevent the refusal to act phenomenon caused by a failure of the monitoring system by using two sets of ice thickness detection devices to cooperatively monitor, can effectively prevent the misoperation phenomenon caused by measurement errors by introducing the misstart judgment to assist in judging the icing condition, can improve the system reliability, avoid unnecessary energy loss, can ensure the safety of the fan blade during operation by introducing the temperature overrun control, can flexibly control the anti-icing and deicing work of the fan blade in response to different situations, can effectively prevent the icing of the fan blade, and can efficiently melt and shed ice when the fan blade is already iced, and can be widely applied in the wind power field to improve the reliability of the wind turbine during the icing period.

[0108] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present application can be embodied in the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application can be embodied in the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk memory, CD-ROMs, optical memory, etc.) having computer usable program code embodied thereon.

[0109] The present application is described in reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, so that the instructions, which are executed via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate a means for implementing the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 an apparatus for performing the functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks.

[0110] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce a manufactured product including instruction apparatus, which implements the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 an apparatus for performing the functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks.

[0111] These computer program instructions can also be loaded into computer or other programmable data processing devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable devices provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 Figure 1

[0112] In one typical configuration, the computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0113] The memory can include non-persistent memory and / or volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) about which the processor can execute instructions. The memory can also include non-volatile memory, such as read only memory (ROM), electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD), or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to store information for access by a computing device. In no case does the medium include a transitory signal.

[0114] Computer readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), electrically programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassette, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. According to the definition herein, computer readable media does not include transitory media such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0115] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising", "containing", or any other variant thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements in the list, but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

[0116] ​​The above merely illustrates the embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application shall fall into the scope of claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A control method for an anti-icing de-icing system of a wind turbine blade, characterized in that, The working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing system is selected from any one of the following modes: an anti-icing mode; a de-icing mode; and a de-icing mode; the method comprises: obtaining the air temperature, air humidity and wind speed of the environment in which the fan blade is located; obtaining the first ice thickness of the top of the nacelle of the fan and the second ice thickness of the outer surface of the fan blade; determining the environmental urgency of the fan blade according to the air temperature, air humidity and wind speed; and controlling the working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing system according to the environmental urgency, the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness; wherein the controlling the working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing system according to the environmental urgency, the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness comprises: in the case that the environmental urgency is not less than a first urgency and the environmental urgency is less than a second urgency, controlling the anti-icing and de-icing system to work in the anti-icing mode; in the case that the environmental urgency is not less than the second urgency and any one of the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is not less than a first thickness, determining that the target working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing system is the de-icing mode; in the case that the environmental urgency is not less than the second urgency and any one of the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is not less than a second thickness, determining that the target working mode is the de-icing mode; in the case that the target working mode is the de-icing mode or the de-icing mode, determining whether the anti-icing and de-icing system meets the de-icing false start condition according to the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness; in the case that it is determined that the anti-icing and de-icing system meets the de-icing false start condition, controlling the anti-icing and de-icing system to stop working; and in the case that it is determined that the anti-icing and de-icing system does not meet the de-icing false start condition, controlling the anti-icing and de-icing system to work in the target working mode; wherein the first thickness is less than the second thickness.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized by, The anti-icing and de-icing system comprises a blower and a heater, the air outlet of the blower is in communication with the air inlet of the heater; in the anti-icing mode, the heater is in an open state, the blower is in an open state, and the temperature of the air outlet of the heater is in a first temperature interval; in the de-icing mode, the heater is in an open state, the blower is in an open state, and the temperature of the air outlet of the heater is in a second temperature interval; and in the de-icing mode, the heater is in an open state, the blower is in an open state, and the temperature of the air outlet of the heater is in a third temperature interval; wherein the upper limit value of the first temperature interval is less than the lower limit value of the second temperature interval, and the lower limit value of the third temperature interval is greater than the upper limit value of the second temperature interval.

3. The control method according to claim 2, characterized by, The first temperature interval is 98 ℃-102 ℃, the second temperature interval is 108 ℃-112 ℃, and the third temperature interval is 118 ℃-122 ℃.

4. The control method according to claim 2, characterized by, The controlling the working mode of the anti-icing and de-icing system according to the environmental urgency, the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness comprises: in a case where the environmental urgency is not less than the first urgency and the environmental urgency is less than the second urgency, controlling the anti-icing and de-icing system to work in the anti-icing mode; in a case where the environmental urgency is not less than the second urgency and any one of the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is not less than the first thickness, controlling the anti-icing and de-icing system to work in the ice melting mode; and in a case where the environmental urgency is not less than the second urgency and any one of the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is not less than the second thickness, controlling the anti-icing and de-icing system to work in the ice shedding mode. The first thickness is less than the second thickness.

5. The control method according to claim 1, characterized by, The determining whether the anti-icing and de-icing system meets the ice de-icing mis-starting condition according to the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness comprises: in a case where the target working mode is the ice melting mode, determining whether the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are located on two sides of the first thickness; in a case where the target working mode is the ice shedding mode, determining whether the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are located on two sides of the second thickness; in a case where it is determined that the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are located on two sides of the first thickness, and in a case where it is determined that the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are located on two sides of the second thickness, determining whether a difference ratio between the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is greater than a preset difference ratio; in a case where it is determined that the difference ratio is greater than the preset difference ratio, determining whether a wind power deviation of the fan is greater than a preset wind power deviation; in a case where it is determined that the wind power deviation of the fan is greater than the preset wind power deviation, determining that the anti-icing and de-icing system does not meet the ice de-icing mis-starting condition; and in a case where it is determined that the wind power deviation of the fan is not greater than the preset wind power deviation, determining that the anti-icing and de-icing system meets the ice de-icing mis-starting condition.

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized by The determining whether the anti-icing and de-icing system meets the mis-starting condition according to the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness further comprises: in a case where it is determined that the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are not located on two sides of the first thickness, in a case where it is determined that the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness are not located on two sides of the second thickness, and in a case where it is determined that the difference ratio between the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness is not greater than the preset difference ratio, determining that the anti-icing and de-icing system does not meet the ice de-icing mis-starting condition.

7. The control method according to claim 5, characterized by, The relationship between the difference ratio and the first ice thickness and the second ice thickness satisfies: ； wherein, C D 1 is the first ice thickness, D 1 is the first ice thickness, D 2 is the second ice thickness; The preset difference ratio is in a range of 25%-30%.

8. The control method according to claim 5, characterized by, The determination formula of the wind power deviation is: ； wherein, C P is the wind power deviation, P 0 is the power generation power corresponding to the wind speed in the wind power curve of the wind turbine, P 1 is the actual power generation power of the wind turbine; The preset wind power deviation is in a range of 20%-30%.

9. The control method according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized by, The first thickness is in a range of 0.5 mm-1 mm, and the second thickness is in a range of 3 mm-4 mm.

10. The control method according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized by, The relationship between the environmental urgency and the air temperature, the air humidity and the wind speed satisfies: ； wherein, f x is the environmental urgency, K P is the humidity control coefficient, p w is the air humidity, K T is the temperature control coefficient, T e is the air temperature, K W is the wind speed control coefficient, W S is the wind speed.​ 11. The control method according to claim 10, characterized by, The first urgency has a value range of 4.5-5.5, and the second urgency has a value range of 14.5-15.

5.

12. A controller characterized by comprising: A control method configured to execute the anti-icing and de-icing system for a wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. A control device for an anti-icing de-icing system of a wind turbine blade, characterized in that Comprising: a meteorological element detection device configured to detect air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed of an environment where the wind turbine blade is located; a first ice thickness detection device configured to detect ice thickness of a top of a nacelle of the wind turbine; a second ice thickness detection device configured to detect ice thickness of an outer surface of the wind turbine blade; and a controller according to claim 12. The meteorological element detection device comprises:

14. The control device of claim 13, wherein, a temperature sensor configured to detect air temperature of an environment where the wind turbine blade is located; a humidity sensor configured to detect air humidity of an environment where the wind turbine blade is located; and a wind speed sensor configured to detect wind speed of an environment where the wind turbine blade is located. The meteorological element detection device comprises a five-element meteorological sensor.

15. The control device of claim 13, wherein, Further comprising:

16. The control device of claim 13, wherein a temperature detection device configured to detect temperature of an air outlet of a heater of the anti-icing and de-icing system. Comprising:

17. An anti-icing de-icing system for a wind turbine blade, characterized in that a heater; a blower, an air outlet of the blower being in communication with an air inlet of the heater; and a control device for the anti-icing and de-icing system for a wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 13 to 16. ​ ​

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