Split-type Adaptive Preloading Slide Block

Abstract

The present invention discloses a split-type self-adaptive preloading slider, which comprises a slider body (1), and is characterized in that: split-type sliding blocks (2) are clamped at the top of both sides of the slider body (1), and the sliding blocks (2) on both sides of the slider body (1) and the bottoms of both sides of the slider body (1) are respectively slidably clamped at the upper and lower parts of the side surface of the slide rail; a gap (3) is provided between the inner side of the sliding block (2) and the slider body (1), and mutually matching inclined guiding surfaces (4) are provided between the top end surface of the sliding block (2) and the slider body (1), and the inclined guiding surfaces (4) are arranged to be inclined downward from the inside to the outside; after the slider body (1) bears the load, under the action of the inclined guiding surfaces (4), the sliding blocks (2) extrude the gap and clamp the slide rail inwardly. The present invention not only facilitates preloading adjustment, but also has the advantages of convenient assembly operation, long service life, low cost, high machining accuracy, low noise and good smoothness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sliders, and in particular to a split-type self-adaptive preloading slider. Background Art

[0002] As a device for supporting and guiding moving parts to perform high-precision reciprocating linear motion in a given direction, the radial clearance between the slider and the slide rail is different, and the preloading magnitude between the slider and the slide rail is also different, thus significantly affecting the running accuracy.

[0003] In order to ensure the accuracy of the linear guide rail and reduce the vibration of the slider during movement, a negative clearance is pre-formed between the slider and the slide rail to generate negative pressure; for common ball sliders, generally, preloading adjustment is carried out by selecting steel balls with different diameters. When subsequent preloading adjustment is required, it is necessary to judge according to experience and select the slider with corresponding preloading, and then reinstall it. The entire preloading adjustment operation is relatively troublesome, and there is often still a certain preloading deviation for the reinstalled slider.

[0004] In addition, when there is a negative clearance between the slider and the slide rail, it is necessary to overcome the negative clearance during assembly, resulting in difficult assembly operation; and during the use of the linear guide rail, there is still friction between the slider and the slide rail, which causes wear between the slider and the slide rail. The wear will cause the preloading between the slider and the slide rail to decrease, thereby affecting the accuracy of the linear guide rail. Therefore, the service life of the linear guide rail is relatively short.

[0005] Therefore, the sliders in the existing linear guide rails have problems such as relatively troublesome preloading adjustment operation, difficult assembly operation, and relatively short service life. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a split-type self-adaptive preloading slider. The present invention not only facilitates preloading adjustment, but also has the advantages of relatively convenient assembly operation and relatively long service life.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention: a split-type self-adaptive preloading slider, including a slider main body, split-type sliding blocks are respectively clamped on the top of both sides of the slider main body, and the sliding blocks on both sides of the slider main body and the bottom parts of both sides of the slider main body are respectively slidably clamped on the upper and lower parts of the side surface of the slide rail; there is a gap between the inner side of the sliding block and the slider main body, and there are mutually cooperating inclined guide surfaces between the top surface of the sliding block and the slider main body. The inclined guide surfaces are arranged to be inclined downward from the inside to the outside; after the slider main body bears the load, under the action of the inclined guide surfaces, the sliding blocks extrude the gap and clamp the slide rail inward.

[0008] In the aforementioned split-type self-adaptive preloading slider, the size of the gap is 3-5 micrometers, and the inclination angle of the inclined guide surface is 2°-5°.

[0009] In the aforementioned split-type self-adaptive preloading slider, horizontal ball through-holes are provided inside the bottoms of both side edges of the slider body and inside both side sliders, and open-type ball grooves are provided on the inner side surfaces of the bottoms of both side edges of the slider body and on the inner side surfaces of both side sliders; cage retainers are injection-molded at the positions of both side edges of the slider body, a reverse end plate is connected to the outside of the cage retainer, a reverse groove is provided at the position corresponding to the cage retainer inside the reverse end plate, and the reverse groove and the cage retainer cooperate to form a ball circulation channel at the positions of the ball through-holes and the ball grooves, and a plurality of balls are arranged in the ball circulation channel in a matching manner.

[0010] In the aforementioned split-type self-adaptive preloading slider, the cage retainer is integrally injection-molded; the cage retainer includes a frame body, a ball inner circulation channel injection-molded inside the ball through-hole, and an open-type ball outer circulation channel injection-molded at the position of the ball groove.

[0011] In the aforementioned split-type self-adaptive preloading slider, a chain belt for limiting all balls is slidably clamped in the ball circulation channel, a plurality of limiting blocks are evenly spaced on the chain belt, spherical surface limiting grooves for cooperating with the balls are provided on both side surfaces of the limiting blocks, and the balls are restricted between two adjacent limiting blocks.

[0012] In the aforementioned split-type self-adaptive preloading slider, end face dust covers are connected to both end faces of the slider body by screws, a plug screw is connected to one end face dust cover, an oil nozzle is connected to the other end face dust cover, the oil nozzle communicates with the reverse end plate, and an oil inlet groove for communicating the oil nozzle with the reverse groove is provided on the reverse end plate; dust-proof strips are connected to the slider body at the positions corresponding to the bottom end faces of both side sliders.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, in the present invention, side sliders are separately installed inside the two side edges of the slider body that are slidably clamped with the slide rail. When a load is added to the slider body, the slider body can apply a downward pressure to the side sliders. Under the action of the inclined guiding surface (the inclined guiding surface inclines downward from the inside to the outside) between the side sliders and the slider body, a horizontal component force towards the slide rail is generated, so that the gap between the inner side of the side slider and the slider body is squeezed, and the side slider provides a further pressure to the slide rail to adjust the preloading; the subsequent preloading magnitude can be adjusted by adjusting the load weight on the slider body, and the adjustment operation is relatively convenient; at the same time, the preloading can be increased by adding the load weight after the assembly is completed, and the negative clearance degree between the side slider and the slide rail before assembly can be appropriately reduced, which is convenient for assembly; after wear occurs between the side slider and the slide rail, the side slider can automatically further compress the gap to make up for the wear, and the service life can be extended.

[0014] In addition, in the present invention, the sliding block and the slider body are first manufactured by machining, and the sliding block is installed in the slider body. Then, a cage is directly injection-molded on the sliding block. Compared with the processing of traditional all-metal slider bodies, the raw material cost and processing cost are reduced, and the processing accuracy of injection molding is relatively high. The reverse groove and the cage cooperate to form a ball circulation channel at the positions of the ball through holes and the ball grooves. After the balls are installed on the chain belt, they are then installed in the ball circulation channel, and the assembly is relatively convenient. Moreover, when the slider starts and stops, adjacent balls do not collide with each other, reducing noise and ball wear. The end face dust covers at both ends of the slider body are fixed by screws, and the reverser end plate, the cage, and the slider body are fixed, and the installation is convenient. Lubricating oil can enter the reverse groove through the oil nozzle and the oil inlet groove to lubricate the balls and the chain belt, and the lubrication is relatively convenient. The end face dust covers at both ends of the slider body and the dust strips at the bottom of both sides can prevent foreign objects from entering between the slider body and the slide rail, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of operation, reducing wear, and extending the service life.

[0015] Therefore, the present invention not only enables convenient preload adjustment, but also has the advantages of relatively convenient assembly operation, long service life, low cost, high processing accuracy, low noise, and good smoothness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the chain belt;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the cage;

[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic structural view when the slider body and the sliding block are installed;

[0021] Figure 6 is a schematic structural view at the positions of the slider body and the sliding block after injection molding the cage.

[0022] The reference signs in the drawings are: 1 - slider body, 2 - sliding block, 3 - gap, 4 - inclined guiding surface, 5 - ball through hole, 6 - ball groove, 7 - cage, 8 - reverser end plate, 9 - reverse groove, 10 - ball, 11 - frame body, 12 - internal ball circulation channel, 13 - external ball circulation channel, 14 - chain belt, 15 - limit block, 16 - spherical surface limit groove, 17 - end face dust cover, 18 - plug screw, 19 - oil nozzle, 20 - oil inlet groove, 21 - dust strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but it shall not be used as a basis for limiting the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1. A split-type adaptive preloading slider, the structure of which is as Figures 1 to 6 shown, including a slider body 1, characterized in that: split-type sliding blocks 2 are clamped at the top of both sides of the slider body 1, and the sliding blocks 2 on both sides of the slider body 1 and the bottoms of both sides of the slider body 1 are respectively slidably clamped at the upper and lower parts of the side surface of the slide rail; a gap 3 is provided between the inner side of the sliding block 2 and the slider body 1, and a mutually matching inclined guiding surface 4 is provided between the top end surface of the sliding block 2 and the slider body 1, and the inclined guiding surface 4 is arranged to be inclined downward from the inside to the outside; after the slider body 1 bears the load, under the action of the inclined guiding surface 4, the sliding block 2 squeezes the gap and clamps the slide rail inward.

[0025] The size of the gap 3 is 3-5 microns, and the inclination angle of the inclined guiding surface 4 is 2°-5°; horizontal ball through holes 5 are provided inside the bottoms of both sides of the slider body 1 and inside both sliding blocks 2 on both sides, and open ball grooves 6 are provided on the inner side surfaces of the bottoms of both sides of the slider body 1 and the inner side surfaces of both sliding blocks 2 on both sides; a cage 7 is injection-molded at the positions of both sides of the slider body 1, a reverser end plate 8 is connected to the outside of the cage 7, a reverse groove 9 is provided at the position corresponding to the cage 7 inside the reverser end plate 8, and the reverse groove 9 and the cage 7 cooperate to form a ball circulation channel at the positions of the ball through hole 5 and the ball groove 6, and a plurality of balls 10 are cooperatively arranged in the ball circulation channel; the cage 7 is integrally injection-molded; the cage 7 includes a frame body 11, a ball inner circulation channel 12 injection-molded in the ball through hole 5 and an open ball outer circulation channel 13 injection-molded at the position of the ball groove 6; a chain belt 14 for limiting all the balls 10 is slidably clamped in the ball circulation channel, a plurality of uniformly spaced limiting blocks 15 are provided on the chain belt 14, and spherical surface limiting grooves 16 for cooperating with the balls 10 are provided on both side surfaces of the limiting block 15, and the balls 10 are restricted between two adjacent limiting blocks 15; end face dust covers 17 are connected to both end faces of the slider body 1 by screws, a plug screw 18 is connected to one end face dust cover 17, an oil nozzle 19 is connected to the other end face dust cover 17, the oil nozzle 19 communicates with the reverser end plate 8, and an oil inlet groove 20 for communicating the oil nozzle 19 with the reverse groove 9 is provided on the reverser end plate 8; dust-proof strips 21 are connected to the positions corresponding to the bottom end faces of both sliding blocks on the slider body 1.

[0026] Working principle: The slider body 1 and the sliding block 2 are processed separately, and ball through holes 5 and ball grooves 6 are machined at the bottom of both sides of the slider body 1 and on both sliding blocks 2; after the sliding block 2 is assembled on the top of both sides of the slider body 1, the whole is put into an injection molding machine for integral injection molding to produce a cage 7 (the cage 7 includes a ball inner circulation channel 12 corresponding to the position of the ball through hole 5, an open ball outer circulation channel 13 corresponding to the ball groove 6, and a frame body 11 with a reverse track between the ends of the ball inner circulation channel 12 and the ball outer circulation channel 13). Compared with the previous all-metal slider, the cost is reduced; at the same time, the finished product accuracy of the integrally injection-molded cage 7 is relatively high, and there is no need for additional manual assembly of each injection-molded part, reducing the labor cost.

[0027] Subsequently, the balls 10 are loaded between adjacent limit blocks 15 on the chain belt 14, and the balls 10 are partially covered and limited by the spherical surface limit grooves 16 on both limit blocks 15; then, the chain belt 14 with the balls 10 is loaded into the ball inner circulation channel 12 and the ball outer circulation channel 13 to form a circulation, and the balls 10 are evenly distributed in the ball inner circulation channel 12 and the ball outer circulation channel 13 one by one to ensure uniform rolling, thereby improving the running accuracy; and the limit blocks 15 partially cover the balls 10 through the spherical surface limit grooves 16 that cooperate with the balls 10, ensuring that the balls 10 can roll freely while limiting the balls 10; at the same time, when the slider starts and stops, there will be no collision between adjacent balls 10, reducing the noise and wear of the balls 10.

[0028] Next, the dust-proof strips 21 are installed at the bottom of both sides of the slider body 1. Subsequently, the reverse grooves 9 on the reverse end plates 8 at both ends are aligned with the reverse tracks on the frame body 11 and fixed with screws; then, the end face dust covers 17 at both ends are covered outside the reverse end plates 8 and fixed with screws, so that the end face dust covers 17 at both ends, the reverse end plates 8 at both ends, the cage 7 and the slider body 1 form an integral slider. Finally, the slider is slidably installed on the slide rail; when the slider is installed on the slide rail, since the sliding block 2 can be pushed to both sides during assembly, it is convenient for assembly; when the assembly is completed, the sliding block 2 is pushed to both sides by the slide rail, and the gap 3 between the sliding block 2 and the slider body 1 can be expanded.

[0029] After the slider body 1 bears a load, the slider body 1 exerts a vertically downward pressure on the sliding block 2. This pressure has a horizontal component force towards the slide rail on the inclined guiding surface 4 that slopes downward from the inside to the outside at the top of the sliding block 2. This component force causes the sliding block 2 to drive the balls 10 to exert pressure on the slide rail, thereby increasing the pressure and achieving a preloading effect; the magnitude of the load borne by the slider body 1 can adjust the preloading magnitude of the slider and generate adaptive preloading; when the balls 10 or the slide rail are worn, the gap 3 between the inner side of the top of the sliding block 2 and the slider body 1 can automatically decrease and ensure stable preloading, thereby extending the service life.

[0030] The dust-proof strips 21 at the bottom ends on both sides of the slider body 1 and the end face dust-proof covers 17 at both ends can prevent foreign objects from entering the slider, ensuring the operation stability and accuracy, and can reduce wear and extend the service life; the lubricating oil can enter the reverse groove 9 through the oil nozzle 19 and the oil inlet groove 20 to contact the balls 10 and the chain belt 14 to achieve lubrication; the plug screws 18 on the end face dust-proof covers 17 can prevent the internal lubricating oil from leaking out.

Claims

1. Split-type adaptive preloading slider, including a slider body (1), characterized in that: On both sides of the top of the slider body (1), split sliders (2) are clamped. The sliders (2) on both sides of the slider body (1) and the bottom parts of both sides of the slider body (1) are respectively slidably clamped on the upper and lower parts of the side surface of the slide rail. A gap (3) is provided between the inner side of the slider (2) and the slider body (1). An inclined guiding surface (4) that cooperates with each other is provided between the top end surface of the slider (2) and the slider body (1). The inclined guiding surface (4) is arranged to be inclined downward from the inside to the outside. After the slider body (1) bears the load, under the action of the inclined guiding surface (4), the slider (2) squeezes the gap and clamps the slide rail inward. When the slider body (1) applies a downward pressure on the slider (2), there is a horizontal component force towards the slide rail on the inclined guiding surface (4) that is inclined downward from the inside to the outside at the top end of the slider (2), and this component force causes the slider (2) to apply a pressure on the slide rail.

2. The split-type adaptive preloading slider according to claim 1, wherein: The size of the gap (3) is 3 to 5 micrometers, and the inclination angle of the inclined guiding surface (4) is 2° to 5°.

3. The split-type adaptive preloading slider according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Horizontal ball through holes (5) are provided inside the bottom parts of both sides of the slider body (1) and inside both side sliders (2). Open ball grooves (6) are provided on the inner side surfaces of the bottom parts of both sides of the slider body (1) and the inner side surfaces of both side sliders (2). At the positions of both sides of the slider body (1), a cage (7) is injection-molded. A reverser end plate (8) is connected to the outside of the cage (7). A reverse groove (9) is provided at the position corresponding to the cage (7) inside the reverser end plate (8). The reverse groove (9) and the cage (7) cooperate to form a ball circulation channel at the positions of the ball through hole (5) and the ball groove (6), and a plurality of balls (10) are arranged in the ball circulation channel in a matching manner.

4. The split-type adaptive preloading slider according to claim 3, wherein: The cage (7) is integrally injection-molded. The cage (7) includes a frame body (11), a ball inner circulation channel (12) injection-molded in the ball through hole (5), and an open ball outer circulation channel (13) injection-molded at the position of the ball groove (6).

5. The split-type adaptive preloading slider according to claim 4, wherein: A chain belt (14) for limiting all the balls (10) is slidably clamped in the ball circulation channel. A plurality of limiting blocks (15) evenly spaced are provided on the chain belt (14). Spherical surface limiting grooves (16) that cooperate with the balls (10) are provided on both side surfaces of the limiting block (15), and the balls (10) are limited between two adjacent limiting blocks (15).

6. The split-type adaptive preloading slider according to claim 3, wherein: End face dust covers (17) are connected to both end faces of the slider body (1) by screws. A plug screw (18) is connected to one end face dust cover (17), and an oil nozzle (19) is connected to the other end face dust cover (17). The oil nozzle (19) communicates with the reverser end plate (8). An oil inlet groove (20) for communicating the oil nozzle (19) with the reverse groove (9) is provided on the reverser end plate (8). Dust-proof strips (21) are connected to the slider body (1) at the positions corresponding to the bottom end faces of both side sliders.

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