An integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a plate cylinder with variable diameter

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable-diameter plate cylinder, which includes a mandrel pulling mechanism, an armrest opening mechanism, an armrest locking mechanism, and a skew adjustment mechanism. The mandrel pulling mechanism is arranged on the driving side and is connected to the driving-side end of the mandrel of the plate cylinder; the armrest opening mechanism is arranged on the operating side and includes a plate cylinder armrest, a joint hinge seat, and an armrest opening and closing cylinder; the armrest locking mechanism includes an armrest locking cylinder, a locking connecting rod, and a locking block; the skew adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment block, a positioning pin, an adjustment threaded shaft, a rod-end spherical bearing, and a knob-type indicator. The present invention separates the operating-side end of the mandrel of the plate cylinder from the plate cylinder armrest arranged on the operating side through the mandrel pulling mechanism; the plate cylinder armrest can be easily opened and closed through the armrest opening mechanism; the plate cylinder armrest can be locked when the plate cylinder armrest is closed through the armrest locking mechanism; and the radial skew of the mandrel of the plate roller can be adjusted through the skew adjustment mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable-diameter plate cylinder. Background Art

[0002] On traditional printing presses, the sleeve of the plate cylinder and its mandrel are an integral whole, and only prints of the same specified type can be printed. However, currently, there is an increasing demand for various specifications of printed matter in the market. Therefore, printing presses also need to adapt to this demand. Industry professionals have developed a structure in which the sleeve is separated from its mandrel. That is, on a single printing press, different specifications of printed matter can be satisfied by simply replacing the sleeve with a different diameter. Thus, the operation of replacing the sleeve has emerged. When replacing the sleeve, usually on the operation side wallboard, the arm bracket connected to the operation side shaft end of the plate cylinder is manually opened, and then the original sleeve is withdrawn from the mandrel and taken out through the hole in the operation side wallboard. This operation method is not only troublesome but also time-consuming and laborious. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable-diameter plate cylinder, which can not only automatically open the arm bracket to facilitate the removal and replacement of the sleeve, but also adjust the radial skew and axial register adjustment of the mandrel of the plate cylinder.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: An integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable-diameter plate cylinder, comprising a mandrel pulling mechanism, an arm bracket opening mechanism, an arm bracket locking mechanism, and a skew adjustment mechanism; wherein,

[0005] The mandrel pulling mechanism is arranged on the drive side of the printing press and is connected to the drive side end of the mandrel of the plate cylinder;

[0006] The arm bracket opening mechanism is arranged on the operation side of the printing press and includes a plate cylinder arm bracket, a joint hinge seat, and an arm bracket opening and closing cylinder;

[0007] The plate cylinder arm bracket is pivotally arranged on the outside of the operation side wallboard, and a bearing seat for supporting the operation side end of the mandrel of the plate cylinder is provided on the plate cylinder arm bracket;

[0008] The joint hinge seat is fixed on the outer side surface of the operation side wallboard and is located below the plate cylinder arm bracket. The joint hinge seat is hinged to the lower part of the plate cylinder arm bracket through an eccentric pin shaft; a threaded through hole is radially provided in the lower part of the eccentric pin shaft;

[0009] The arm bracket opening and closing cylinder is hinged on the outer side surface of the joint hinge seat, and the free end of the piston rod of the arm bracket opening and closing cylinder is hinged to the upper outer side surface of the plate cylinder arm bracket;

[0010] The boom locking mechanism includes a boom locking cylinder, a locking link, and a locking block. Among them, the boom locking cylinder is movably installed on the outer side of the operating side wall panel. One end of the locking link is hinged to the free end of the piston rod of the boom locking cylinder, and this locking link is hinged on the outer side of the operating side wall panel. The locking block is fixed to the other end of the locking link, and this locking block blocks on the upper outer side of the plate cylinder boom when the plate cylinder boom and the operating side wall panel are closed.

[0011] The skew adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment block, a positioning pin, an adjustment threaded shaft, a rod end spherical bearing, and a knob-type indicator. Among them, the adjustment block is fixed on the outer side of the operating side wall panel. A pin hole is opened in the middle of the top surface of this adjustment block, and a jack that is vertically communicated with the pin hole is opened in the middle of the outer side of this adjustment block. A threaded through hole is radially opened in the middle of the positioning pin, and this positioning pin is rotatably inserted into the pin hole of the adjustment block so that the threaded through hole is coaxial with the jack on the adjustment block. The front part of the adjustment threaded shaft is provided with an external thread and is inserted into the jack of the adjustment block and then screwed into the threaded through hole of the positioning pin. The inner ring of the rod end spherical bearing is sleeved on the middle part of the adjustment threaded shaft, and the external threaded link of this rod end spherical bearing is screwed into the threaded through hole of the eccentric pin shaft of the boom opening mechanism. The knob-type indicator is installed at the rear end of the adjustment threaded shaft.

[0012] The above integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable-diameter plate cylinder, wherein the core shaft pulling mechanism includes a small shaft, a pulling drive motor, a support nut seat, a threaded flange seat, a center ring, a stop block, and a double-direction thrust ball bearing.

[0013] The small shaft is coaxially arranged with the core shaft of the plate cylinder on the outer side of the drive side wall panel of the printing machine.

[0014] The output shaft of the pulling drive motor is connected to the rear end of the small shaft.

[0015] The support nut seat is fixed on the outer side wall of a gearbox arranged on the outer side of the drive side wall panel, and an internal threaded hole is provided inside this support nut seat.

[0016] The threaded flange seat includes an external threaded sleeve and a flange disk connected to the front end of the external threaded sleeve. The rear part of this external threaded sleeve is sleeved on the front part of the small shaft through a key, the middle part of the external threaded sleeve is screwed into the internal threaded hole of the support nut seat, and the front part of the external threaded sleeve is inserted into the outer side wall of the gearbox so that the flange disk is located inside the gearbox.

[0017] The center ring is sleeved on the drive end of the core shaft of the plate cylinder and is connected to the front end face of the threaded flange seat by screws.

[0018] The said stopper is installed on the driving end of the mandrel of the plate cylinder by screws;

[0019] The said double-direction thrust ball bearing is installed on the driving side end of the mandrel of the plate cylinder. The front seat ring of this double-direction thrust ball bearing abuts against the front inner end face of the said center ring. The rear seat ring of this double-direction thrust ball bearing abuts against the front end face of the said threaded flange seat. The rear end face of the shaft ring of this double-direction thrust ball bearing abuts against the front end face of the said stopper;

[0020] The above-mentioned integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable-diameter plate cylinder, wherein, the mandrel pulling mechanism further includes a small shaft support seat sleeved outside the small shaft and fixed on the rear end face of the support nut seat. A bearing for supporting the small shaft is installed at the rear part of the inner hole of this small shaft support seat.

[0021] The above-mentioned integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable-diameter plate cylinder, wherein, the skew adjustment mechanism further includes an anti-loosening nut screwed on the front rear part of the adjusting threaded shaft and blocking the front side of the rod end spherical plain bearing.

[0022] The integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable-diameter plate cylinder of the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0023] 1) By arranging a mandrel pulling mechanism on the driving side of the printing press, the mandrel driving the plate cylinder can be axially moved towards the driving side of the printing press, so that the operating side end of the mandrel of the plate cylinder is disengaged from the bearing seat of the plate cylinder arm on the operating side, preparing for opening the plate cylinder arm; this mandrel pulling mechanism can also be used to adjust the axial registration of the plate cylinder during printing;

[0024] 2) By arranging a simple-structured arm opening mechanism on the operating side of the printing press and using the arm opening and closing cylinder as the power to open the plate cylinder arm, the plate cylinder arm can be easily opened and closed;

[0025] 3) By arranging an arm locking mechanism on the operating side of the printing press, the plate cylinder arm can be locked when the plate cylinder arm is closed, preventing the plate cylinder arm from opening in case the arm opening and closing cylinder fails, and ensuring the normal operation of the printing press;

[0026] 4) By arranging a skew adjustment mechanism on the operating side of the printing press, the radial skew between the operating side end and the driving side end of the mandrel of the plate cylinder can be adjusted, and the adjustment value is quantified by a knob-type indicator, enabling convenient, fast and precise adjustment during printing and avoiding paper waste. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable-diameter plate cylinder of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural detail diagram of the plate cylinder driving mechanism and the mandrel pulling mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a detailed structural diagram of the arm opening mechanism, the arm locking mechanism and the skew adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A-direction view in the figure;

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 B view in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] See also Figures 1 to 5 The integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable diameter plate cylinder of the present invention comprises a plate cylinder driving mechanism 1, a core shaft pulling mechanism 2, an arm opening mechanism 3, an arm locking mechanism 4 and a skew adjustment mechanism 5.

[0034] The plate cylinder driving mechanism 1 is used to drive the plate cylinder 100 spanning between the driving side wall plate 101 and the operating side wall plate 102. The operating side end of the core shaft 10 of the plate cylinder is arranged in the bearing seat of the plate cylinder arm frame 10A, and the plate cylinder arm frame 10A is installed on the operating side wall plate 102; the driving side end of the core shaft 10 of the plate cylinder is arranged in a needle bearing 10B installed on the driving side wall plate 101, and the driving side end of the core shaft 10 of the plate cylinder extends to the gear box arranged outside the driving side wall plate 101, and the inner side plate 103 of the gear box is also equipped with a needle bearing 10B supporting the driving side end of the core shaft 10 of the plate cylinder.

[0035] The plate cylinder driving mechanism 1 includes a plate cylinder driving motor 11 fixed on the outer side surface of the outer wall panel 104 of the gear box, and a gear transmission mechanism 12 arranged in the gear box and drivingly connected between the driving side end of the core shaft 10 of the plate cylinder and the output shaft of the plate cylinder driving motor 11.

[0036] The spindle pulling mechanism 2 is arranged on the driving side of the printing press and includes a small shaft 21, a pulling driving motor 20, a support nut seat 22, a threaded flange seat 23, a small shaft support seat 24, a center ring 25, a stopper 26 and a bidirectional thrust ball bearing 27; wherein,

[0037] The small shaft 21 is coaxially arranged on the outside of the outer wall plate 104 of the gear box with the core shaft 10 of the plate cylinder;

[0038] The output shaft of the draw drive motor 20 is connected to the rear end of the small shaft 21 through a coupling;

[0039] The support nut seat 22 is fixed on the outer side surface of the outer wall plate 104 of the gearbox, and an internal threaded hole is provided at the axis of the support nut seat 22;

[0040] The threaded flange seat 23 includes an external threaded sleeve 231 and a flange plate 232 connected to the front end of the external threaded sleeve. The rear part of the external threaded sleeve 231 is sleeved on the front part of the small shaft 21 through a key 230. The middle part of the external threaded sleeve 231 is screwed into the internal threaded hole of the support nut seat 22. The front part of the external threaded sleeve 231 is inserted into the inner side of the drive side wall plate 101, so that the flange plate 232 is located inside the gearbox;

[0041] The small shaft support seat 24 is sleeved on the small shaft 21 and fixed on the rear end face of the support nut seat 22. A bearing 240 for supporting the small shaft 21 is installed at the rear part of the inner hole of the small shaft support seat 24;

[0042] The center ring 25 is sleeved on the drive end of the core shaft 10 of the plate cylinder and is connected to the front end face of the flange plate 232 of the threaded flange seat 23 through screws;

[0043] The stop block 26 is installed on the drive end of the core shaft 10 of the plate cylinder through screws;

[0044] The double-direction thrust ball bearing 27 is installed at the drive end of the core shaft 10 of the plate cylinder. The front race of the double-direction thrust ball bearing 27 abuts against the front inner end face of the center ring 25. The rear race of the double-direction thrust ball bearing 27 abuts against the front end face of the threaded flange seat 23. The rear end face of the shaft ring of the double-direction thrust ball bearing 27 abuts against the front end face of the stop block 26.

[0045] The boom opening mechanism 3 is arranged on the operation side of the printing press and includes a plate cylinder boom 10A, a joint hinge seat 31 and a boom opening and closing cylinder 30; wherein,

[0046] The plate cylinder boom 10A is arranged on the outer side of the operation side wall plate 102 and supports the operation end of the core shaft 10 of the plate cylinder;

[0047] The joint hinge seat 31 is fixed on the outer side surface of the operation side wall plate 102 and is located below the plate cylinder boom 10A. The joint hinge seat 31 is hinged to the lower part of the plate cylinder boom 10A through an eccentric pin shaft 32. A threaded through hole is radially opened at the lower part of the eccentric pin shaft 32;

[0048] The boom opening and closing cylinder 30 is hinged on the outer side surface of the joint hinge seat 31; the free end of the piston rod of the boom opening and closing cylinder 30 is hinged to the outer side surface of the upper part of the plate cylinder boom 10A through a connecting rod seat 310.

[0049] The boom locking mechanism 4 includes a boom locking cylinder 40, a locking link 41, and a locking block 42. Among them, the boom locking cylinder 40 is movably installed on the outer side surface of the operating side wall panel 102. One end of the locking link 41 is hinged to the free end of the piston rod of the boom locking cylinder 40, and the locking link 41 is hinged to the outer side surface of the operating side wall panel 102 through a hinge screw 410. The locking block 42 is fixed to the other end of the locking link 41, and the locking block 42 blocks on the upper outer side surface of the plate cylinder boom 10A when the plate cylinder boom 10A and the operating side wall panel 102 are closed.

[0050] The skew adjustment mechanism 5 includes an adjustment block 50, a positioning pin 51, an adjustment threaded shaft 52, a rod end spherical bearing 53, and a knob type indicator 55. Among them, the adjustment block 50 is fixed to the outer side surface of the operating side wall panel 102 by two screws. A pin hole is formed in the middle of the top surface of the adjustment block 50, and a jack 500 perpendicular to and communicating with the pin hole is formed in the middle of the outer side surface of the adjustment block 50. The diameter of the jack 500 is larger than the front diameter of the adjustment threaded shaft 52. A threaded through hole is radially formed in the middle of the positioning pin 51, and the positioning pin 51 is rotatably inserted into the pin hole of the adjustment block 50 so that the threaded through hole is coaxial with the jack of the adjustment block 50. The front part of the adjustment threaded shaft 52 is provided with an external thread and is inserted into the jack 500 of the adjustment block 50 and then screwed into the threaded through hole of the positioning pin 51. The inner ring of the rod end spherical bearing 53 is sleeved on the middle part of the adjustment threaded shaft 52, and an anti-loosening nut 54 blocking on the front side of the rod end spherical bearing 53 is installed at the front end and the rear end of the front part of the adjustment threaded shaft 52 to prevent the rod end spherical bearing 53 from sliding out of the middle part of the adjustment threaded shaft 52. The outer threaded rod of the rod end spherical bearing 53 is screwed into the threaded through hole of the eccentric pin shaft 32 of the boom opening mechanism 3. The knob type indicator 55 is installed at the rear end of the adjustment threaded shaft 52.

[0051] Integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable-diameter plate cylinder. The mandrel 10 of the plate cylinder is driven to rotate by a plate cylinder drive motor 11 through a gear transmission mechanism 12. When it is necessary to replace the plate, first stop the plate cylinder drive motor 11, and then control the draw drive motor 20 of the mandrel draw mechanism 2 to start working, driving the small shaft 21 to rotate. At this time, the threaded flange seat 23 installed on the small shaft 21 through the key 230 also starts to rotate. Since the support nut seat 22 screwed to the threaded flange seat 23 is fixed on the outer side surface of the outer wall panel 104 of the gearbox and cannot rotate, the threaded flange seat 23 axially moves towards the drive side of the printing machine while rotating. The center ring 25 installed on the front end surface of the threaded flange seat 23 also axially moves towards the drive side of the printing machine synchronously. Since the inner ring of the two-way thrust bearing 27 in the center ring 25 is tightly sleeved on the drive side end of the mandrel 10 of the plate cylinder, the two-way thrust bearing 27 drives the mandrel 10 of the plate cylinder to also axially move towards the drive side of the printing machine until the operating side end of the mandrel 10 of the plate cylinder disengages from the bearing seat of the plate cylinder boom 10A. Then, control the piston rod of the boom locking cylinder 40 of the boom locking mechanism 4 to retract, causing the locking link 41 to rotate around the hinge screw 410, and the locking block 42 to leave the upper part of the plate cylinder boom 10A, that is, unlocking the plate cylinder boom 10A. Then, control the piston rod of the boom opening and closing cylinder 30 of the boom opening mechanism 3 to retract, opening the plate cylinder boom 10A. At this time, the sleeve of the plate cylinder 100 can be taken out from the wall hole of the operating side wall panel 102, and different-diameter sleeves can be replaced. After the sleeve replacement is completed, control the piston rod of the boom opening and closing cylinder 30 to extend, causing the plate cylinder boom 10A to fit with the operating side wall panel 102 and supporting the operating side end of the mandrel 10 of the plate cylinder through the bearing seat. Then, control the piston rod of the locking cylinder 40 to extend, causing the locking link 41 to rotate around the hinge screw 410, and the locking block 42 to block on the outer side surface of the upper part of the plate cylinder boom 10A, that is, locking the plate cylinder boom 10A.

[0052] The mandrel draw mechanism 2 can also be used to adjust the axial registration of the plate cylinder 100 during printing.

[0053] The skew adjustment mechanism 5 can adjust the skew of the mandrel 10 of the plate cylinder. During adjustment, by rotating the knob indicator 55, the adjustment threaded shaft 52 is driven to rotate, and at the same time, the adjustment threaded shaft 52 axially moves in the threaded through hole of the positioning pin 51. Furthermore, the outer threaded rod of the rod end spherical bearing 53 mounted on the adjustment threaded shaft 52 swings, causing the eccentric pin shaft 32 of the boom opening mechanism 3 to rotate slightly by an angle. Furthermore, the height position of the plate cylinder boom 10A can be adjusted, so as to adjust the height position of the operating side end of the mandrel 10 of the plate cylinder, and finally the skew of the mandrel 10 of the plate cylinder can be adjusted. The axial movement amount of the adjustment threaded shaft 52 can be displayed through the knob indicator 55, and the adjustment amount of the skew can be indirectly obtained. If the adjustment amount of the skew exceeds the limit value of the swing amplitude of the rod end spherical bearing 53, the adjustment threaded shaft 52 can be toggled to make the adjustment threaded shaft 52 swing by an angle around the inner ring of the rod end spherical bearing 53. At the same time, the positioning pin 51 also rotates by an angle, so that the axis of the adjustment threaded shaft 52 and the axis of the jack hole 500 on the adjustment block 50 have a small angle, and then the adjustment amount of the skew can be increased by adjusting according to the above method.

[0054] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the relevant technical fields can also make various transformations or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the present invention, which should be defined by each claim.

Claims

1. An integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable-diameter plate cylinder, comprising a mandrel pulling mechanism, an arm support opening mechanism, an arm support locking mechanism, and a skew adjustment mechanism; characterized in that, The mandrel pulling mechanism is arranged on the driving side of the printing press and is connected to the driving-side end of the mandrel of the plate cylinder; the mandrel pulling mechanism includes a small shaft, a pulling drive motor, a support nut seat, a threaded flange seat, a center ring, a stop block, and a double-direction thrust ball bearing; wherein, The small shaft is coaxially arranged outside the driving-side wallboard of the printing press with the mandrel of the plate cylinder. The output shaft of the pulling drive motor is connected to the rear end of the small shaft. The support nut seat is fixed on the outer side wall of a gearbox arranged outside the driving-side wallboard. The center ring is sleeved on the driving end of the mandrel of the plate cylinder and is connected to the front end face of the threaded flange seat by screws. The stop block is installed on the driving end of the mandrel of the plate cylinder by screws. The double-direction thrust ball bearing is installed on the driving-side end of the mandrel of the plate cylinder. The arm support opening mechanism is arranged on the operating side of the printing press and includes a plate cylinder arm support, a joint hinge seat, and an arm support opening and closing cylinder; wherein, The plate cylinder arm support is arranged outside the operating-side wallboard in an openable and closable manner, and a bearing seat for supporting the operating-side end of the mandrel of the plate cylinder is provided on the plate cylinder arm support. The joint hinge seat is fixed on the outer side surface of the operating-side wallboard and is located below the plate cylinder arm support. The joint hinge seat is hinged to the lower part of the plate cylinder arm support through an eccentric pin shaft; a threaded through hole is radially provided in the lower part of the eccentric pin shaft. The arm support opening and closing cylinder is hinged to the outer side surface of the joint hinge seat, and the free end of the piston rod of the arm support opening and closing cylinder is hinged to the outer side surface of the upper part of the plate cylinder arm support. The arm support locking mechanism includes an arm support locking cylinder, a locking connecting rod, and a locking block; wherein, the arm support locking cylinder is movably installed on the outer side surface of the operating-side wallboard; one end of the locking connecting rod is hinged to the free end of the piston rod of the arm support locking cylinder, and the locking connecting rod is hinged to the outer side surface of the operating-side wallboard; the locking block is fixed to the other end of the locking connecting rod, and the locking block blocks on the outer side surface of the upper part of the plate cylinder arm support when the plate cylinder arm support and the operating-side wallboard are closed. The skew adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment block, a positioning pin, an adjustment threaded shaft, a rod end spherical bearing, a knob-type indicator, and an anti-loosening nut. Among them, the adjustment block is fixed on the outer side surface of the operation side wall panel. A pin hole is formed in the middle of the top surface of the adjustment block, and a jack perpendicular to and communicating with the pin hole is formed in the middle of the outer side surface of the adjustment block. A threaded through hole is radially formed in the middle of the positioning pin, and the positioning pin is rotatably inserted into the pin hole of the adjustment block so that the threaded through hole is coaxial with the jack on the adjustment block. The front part of the adjustment threaded shaft is provided with an external thread and is inserted into the jack of the adjustment block and then screwed into the threaded through hole of the positioning pin. The inner ring of the rod end spherical bearing is sleeved on the middle part of the adjustment threaded shaft, and the external thread connecting rod of the rod end spherical bearing is screwed into the threaded through hole of the eccentric pin shaft of the boom opening mechanism. The knob-type indicator is installed at the rear end of the adjustment threaded shaft. The anti-loosening nut is screwed on the front rear end of the adjustment threaded shaft and abuts against the front side of the rod end spherical bearing.

2. The integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable-diameter printing plate cylinder according to claim 1, wherein The inner part of the support nut seat is provided with an internal threaded hole; The threaded flange seat includes an external thread sleeve and a flange plate connected to the front end of the external thread sleeve. The rear part of the external thread sleeve is sleeved on the front part of the small shaft through a key. The middle part of the external thread sleeve is screwed into the internal threaded hole of the support nut seat. The front part of the external thread sleeve is inserted into the outer side wall of the gearbox so that the flange plate is located inside the gearbox; The front race of the double-direction thrust ball bearing abuts against the front inner end surface of the central ring. The rear race of the double-direction thrust ball bearing abuts against the front end surface of the threaded flange seat. The rear end surface of the shaft race of the double-direction thrust ball bearing abuts against the front end surface of the stop block.

3. The integrated device for automatic replacement and skew adjustment of a variable-diameter printing plate cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The core shaft pulling mechanism further includes a small shaft support seat sleeved outside the small shaft and fixed on the rear end surface of the support nut seat. A bearing for supporting the small shaft is installed at the rear part of the inner hole of the small shaft support seat.

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