Analytical device, analytical system and analytical method

Abstract

The present application provides an analysis device, an analysis system, and an analysis method, the analysis device including: a data acquisition unit that acquires analysis data via a network, the analysis data including measurement data that measures a characteristic related to charging and discharging of one or more battery cells included in a battery module and identification data that identifies at least one of the battery module and the battery cell; a data analysis unit that analyzes a characteristic related to a charge capacity of at least one battery cell based on the analysis data acquired by the data acquisition unit; and a data transmission unit that transmits transmission data corresponding to an analysis result in the data analysis unit via the network.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an analysis device, an analysis system, and an analysis method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Conventionally, a system that analyzes characteristics such as maximum capacity (also referred to as full charge capacity) of a battery is known (for example, refer to Patent Literature 1).

[0003] Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Publication No. 6123844

[0004] If it is desired to analyze characteristics of a battery with high precision, a high-performance analysis system must be mounted on each battery. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problem, in a first aspect of the present application, an analysis device of a battery module is provided. The analysis device can include a data acquisition section that acquires analysis data via a network, the analysis data including measurement data that measures characteristics related to charging and discharging of one or more battery cells included in a battery module and identification data that identifies at least one of the battery module and the battery cell. The analysis device can include a data analysis section that analyzes characteristics related to a charge capacity of at least one battery cell based on the analysis data acquired by the data acquisition section. The analysis device can include a data transmission section that transmits transmission data corresponding to an analysis result in the data analysis section via the network.

[0006] The data acquisition section can acquire identification data corresponding to module identification data that identifies the battery module and cell identification data that identifies the battery cell. The data analysis section can analyze characteristics related to the charge capacity of the battery cell for each battery module.

[0007] The analysis device can include an analysis data recording section that records the measurement data and the identification data acquired by the data acquisition section over time in correspondence with each other.

[0008] The data analysis section can assign new identification data to the battery cell corresponding to the same identification data based on a history of the measurement data corresponding to the same identification data.

[0009] The data analysis section can generate control data that controls the battery cell based on the analysis result. The data transmission section can transmit the transmission data including the control data.

[0010] The data analysis section can calculate a remaining capacity of each battery cell in the battery module based on the measurement data. The data analysis section can generate control data that causes at least one of the battery cells whose remaining capacity is not the smallest to be discharged and reduces a difference in remaining capacity from the battery cell whose remaining capacity is the smallest.

[0011] The data analysis section can generate replacement timing data indicating a timing at which the battery unit should be replaced, based on the analysis result. The data transmission section can transmit transmission data containing the replacement timing data.

[0012] The data analysis section can generate failure data indicating that the battery unit has failed, based on the analysis result. The data transmission section can transmit transmission data containing the failure data.

[0013] The data analysis section can analyze a characteristic related to the charge capacity of the battery unit based on a differential characteristic of the voltage-capacity characteristic at the time of charging or discharging of the battery unit.

[0014] The data acquisition section can acquire analysis data containing temperature data indicating the temperature of the battery unit at the time of measurement of the voltage-capacity characteristic. The data analysis section can correct the analysis based on the differential characteristic based on the temperature of the battery unit.

[0015] The analysis device can include a reference characteristic recording section that records a reference characteristic of the differential characteristic of each battery unit. The reference characteristic can have one or more reference characteristic points. The data analysis section can analyze the battery unit based on a measurement characteristic point in the differential characteristic of the battery unit and a reference characteristic point in the reference characteristic.

[0016] The reference characteristic recording section can record at least either one of a reference characteristic at the time of charging of the battery unit and a reference characteristic at the time of discharging of the battery unit. The data analysis section can select a reference characteristic to be compared with the differential characteristic based on which of the measurement data of the battery unit is at the time of charging or at the time of discharging.

[0017] The data analysis section can calculate a deterioration speed of the battery unit based on a deterioration amount of the battery unit calculated from the differential characteristic.

[0018] The data analysis section can calculate a measurement interval at which data related to charge and discharge of the battery unit should be measured, based on the deterioration speed of the battery unit. The data transmission section can transmit transmission data corresponding to the measurement interval.

[0019] The data analysis section can calculate a divergence speed of the charge capacity between two or more battery units based on a divergence amount of the charge capacity between the two or more battery units calculated from the differential characteristics of the two or more battery units.

[0020] The data analysis section can calculate a measurement interval at which data related to charge and discharge of the two or more battery units should be measured, based on the divergence speed of the two or more battery units. The data transmission section can transmit transmission data corresponding to the measurement interval.

[0021] In a second aspect of the present application, there is provided an analysis system including the analysis device of the first aspect; and an analysis data transmitting section that transmits analysis data to the analysis device via a network.

[0022] In a third aspect of the present application, there is provided an analysis method of a battery module. The analysis method can include a measurement stage that generates measurement data that measures a characteristic related to charge and discharge of one or more battery cells included in the battery module. The analysis method can include an analysis data transmitting stage that transmits analysis data via a network, the analysis data including the measurement data and identification data that identifies at least one of the battery module and the battery cells. The analysis method can include a data obtaining stage that obtains the analysis data via the network. The analysis method can include a data analysis stage that analyzes a characteristic related to a charge capacity of at least one of the battery cells based on the analysis data obtained in the data obtaining stage. The analysis method can include a result transmitting stage that transmits transmission data corresponding to an analysis result in the data analysis stage via the network.

[0023] In addition, the above summary of the invention does not list all the essential features of the invention. Furthermore, sub-combinations of these feature groups can also be inventions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of an analysis system 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration example of the analysis system 10.

[0026] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of analysis data.

[0027] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of transmission data.

[0028] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a deviation in the remaining capacity of the battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202.

[0029] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the analysis device 100.

[0030] Figure 7 FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of measurement data included in the analysis data.

[0031] Figure 8 FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the reference characteristic recorded by the reference characteristic recording section 110.

[0032] Figure 9is a graph illustrating a method of calculating the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 from the reference characteristic and the differential characteristic.

[0033] Figure 10 is a graph illustrating a process of reducing the deviation of the remaining capacities of the plurality of battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202.

[0034] Figure 11 is a graph showing an example of the voltage-capacity characteristic of the battery cell 204 at the time of discharging.

[0035] Figure 12 is a graph showing an example of the reference characteristic of the battery cell 204 at the time of discharging.

[0036] Figure 13 is a graph illustrating an outline of the charge and discharge of the battery cell 204.

[0037] Figure 14 is a graph illustrating another example of a process of reducing the deviation of the remaining capacities of the plurality of battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202.

[0038] Figure 15 is a graph illustrating an outline of the battery module 202.

[0039] Figure 16 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the analysis device 100.

[0040] Figure 17 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the battery management device 206, the measurement unit 208, and the analysis data transmission unit 200.

[0041] Figure 18 is a graph showing another example of the analysis content in the data analysis unit 104.

[0042] Figure 19 is a graph showing another example of the analysis content in the data analysis unit 104.

[0043] Figure 20 is a graph showing an example of the change in the effective capacity of the battery module 202.

[0044] Figure 21 is a graph showing an example of the deterioration detection of the battery cell 204.

[0045] Figure 22 is a graph showing another example of the analysis content in the data analysis unit 104.

[0046] Figure 23 is a graph showing another example of the analysis content in the data analysis unit 104.

[0047] Figure 24is a view showing an example of the operation of the data analysis section 104.

[0048] Figure 25 is a view showing another example of the configuration of the battery module 202.

[0049] Figure 26 An example of the computer 2200 that can realize the present application in whole or in part is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present application will be described below through embodiments of the application, but the following embodiments do not limit the application involved in the claims. Furthermore, all of the combinations of features described in the embodiments are not necessarily essential to the solution of the application.

[0051] Figure 1 is a view showing an example of the configuration of the analysis system 10 of the embodiment of the present application. The analysis system 10 collects measurement data that measures characteristics of one or more battery modules 202 via a network 12, and analyzes the state of the battery module 202. The analysis system 10 of this example includes an analysis device 100 and one or more analysis data transmitting sections 200.

[0052] Each battery module 202 has one or more battery cells 204. The battery cell 204 has a structure that can generate electric power as a single body. For example, each battery cell 204 has a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and a main body that generates electric power between the two electrodes. The battery module 202 can also have a plurality of battery cells 204 connected in series. Furthermore, the battery module 202 can also have a plurality of battery cells 204 connected in parallel. A group of battery cells 204 connected in series or in parallel can also be one battery module 202. Furthermore, a group of battery cells 204 housed in a common case can also be one battery module 202.

[0053] The analysis data transmitting section 200 transmits analysis data for analyzing the characteristics of the battery module 202 to the analysis device 100 via the network 12. The analysis data transmitting section 200 can be provided for each battery module 202, or can be provided commonly for a plurality of battery modules 202. The analysis data transmitting section 200 can also be provided in the case of the battery module 202. In other examples, the analysis data transmitting section 200 can also be provided separately from the battery module 202. In this case, the analysis data transmitting section 200 is preferably provided so as to be able to communicate with the battery module 202.

[0054] The analysis-use data includes measurement data that measures a characteristic related to charging and discharging of one or more battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202. The characteristic related to charging and discharging can be an electrical characteristic of the battery cell 204 at at least one timing of the start of charging of the battery cell 204, during charging, the end of charging, the start of discharging, during discharging, or the end of discharging. The electrical characteristic can also include at least one of an inter-electrode voltage of the battery cell 204, an output current, a remaining capacity value, or an output resistance of the battery cell 204. Furthermore, the electrical characteristic can include at least one of a temporal change in the inter-electrode voltage or the output current of the battery cell 204. Furthermore, the electrical characteristic can include at least one of a temporal change in the remaining capacity value or the output resistance of the battery cell 204, or the like. Furthermore, the above-mentioned inter-electrode voltage can also be an inter-electrode voltage of the battery module 202 including a plurality of battery cells 204 connected in series, or an inter-electrode voltage of a unit that combines a plurality of battery modules 202.

[0055] The analysis-use data includes identification data corresponding to the measurement data. The identification data includes at least one of module identification data that identifies the battery module 202 or unit identification data that identifies the battery cell 204. The module identification data can be a serial number assigned to the plurality of battery modules 202. The unit identification data can be a serial number assigned to one or more battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202.

[0056] The network 12 is, for example, the Internet or a local area network, but is not limited thereto. The network 12 can be a dedicated network that connects a plurality of analysis-use data transmission units 200 and the analysis device 100, or can be a general-purpose network that also performs communication other than communication between the analysis-use data transmission unit 200 and the analysis device 100.

[0057] The analysis device 100 acquires the analysis-use data of each battery module 202 via the network 12. The analysis device 100 analyzes a characteristic related to the charge capacity of one or more battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202 on the basis of the analysis-use data. In the present specification, the unit of the capacity of the battery is ampere-hour (Ah) unless otherwise specified. The analysis device 100 can be a device that processes information by one computer, or can be a device that dispersively processes information by a plurality of computers. The characteristic related to the charge capacity can include at least one of the full charge capacity of the battery cell 204, the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204, a measured value of the internal resistance of the battery cell 204, a temporal change amount in these characteristics or the like, or a deviation amount of these characteristics between the battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202. In addition, in the present specification, the full charge capacity or the remaining capacity is sometimes referred to as the charge capacity (or capacity). That is, the charge capacity (or capacity) in the present specification is a concept that includes both the full charge capacity and the remaining capacity.

[0058] The analysis device 100 can transmit the analysis result to the outside. The analysis device 100 can transmit the analysis result to a device including the analysis data transmitting section 200, or can transmit the analysis result to a device different from the analysis data transmitting section 200.

[0059] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration example of the analysis system 10. The analysis system 10 of this example includes, in addition to the structure illustrated in Figure 1 , a battery management device 206 and a measurement section 208. The battery management device 206 and the measurement section 208 can be provided with respect to each battery module 202, respectively. In Figure 2 , the battery management device 206, the measurement section 208, and the analysis data transmitting section 200 provided in association with one battery module 202 are illustrated. In addition, each of the analysis data transmitting section 200, the battery management device 206, or the measurement section 208 can be assembled in the battery module 202, or can be separately installed to the individual battery module 202.

[0060] The measurement section 208 generates measurement data that measures the electrical characteristics of the battery module 202. The measurement section 208 can have at least one of a current meter or a voltage meter. The analysis data transmitting section 200 transmits analysis data including the measurement data generated by the measurement section 208 and the identification data of the battery module 202 or the like to the analysis device 100.

[0061] The battery management device 206 receives the transmission data from the analysis device 100. The battery management device 206 can control the battery module 202 based on the received transmission data. In addition, the battery management device 206 can also provide information corresponding to the received transmission data to the user of the battery module 202. As an example, the battery management device 206 can cause each battery cell 204 to charge and discharge based on the remaining capacity of each battery cell 204 indicated by the transmission data. In other examples, control data for controlling each battery cell 204 to charge and discharge can also be included in the transmission data. In addition, the battery management device 206 can provide information related to the capacity of each battery cell 204 to the user.

[0062] The battery management device 206 can be included in the same device as the analysis-use data transmitting section 200. In this case, the analysis device 100 can transmit and receive the transmission data and the analysis-use data through the same communication path. Further, the battery management device 206 can also be a device different from the analysis-use data transmitting section 200. For example, the analysis-use data transmitting section 200 can be a device managed by a user who uses the battery module 202, and the battery management device 206 can be a device managed by a provider who provides the battery module 202 to the user. In this case, the analysis device 100 can transmit and receive the transmission data and the analysis-use data through different communication paths. In other examples, the battery management device 206 and the analysis-use data transmitting section 200 can be devices both managed by the user, or devices both managed by the provider.

[0063] The analysis device 100 of the present example includes a data acquisition section 102, a data analysis section 104, and a data transmitting section 106. The analysis device 100 can also include an analysis-use data recording section 108. The data acquisition section 102 acquires the analysis-use data via the network 12. The data acquisition section 102 can record the acquired analysis-use data in the analysis-use data recording section 108. The analysis-use data recording section 108 records the analysis-use data for each identification data.

[0064] The data analysis section 104 analyzes a characteristic related to the charge capacity of at least one battery cell 204 based on the analysis-use data acquired by the data acquisition section 102. The data analysis section 104 can analyze the analysis-use data acquired by the data acquisition section 102 sequentially, or can read out the analysis-use data from the analysis-use data recording section 108 and analyze it.

[0065] The data transmitting section 106 transmits the transmission data corresponding to the analysis result in the data analysis section 104 to the battery management device 206 via the network 12. The data transmitting section 106 can determine the transmission destination of the transmission data based on the identification data included in the analysis-use data used for analysis by the data analysis section 104. For example, the data transmitting section 106 can hold correspondence information in advance that corresponds the identification data to the transmission destination. Further, the analysis-use data can include information that specifies the transmission destination of the transmission data. In this case, the battery management device 206 can notify the analysis-use data transmitting section 200 of the information that specifies the transmission destination.

[0066] According to the analysis system 10 of the present example, since the analysis device 100 is not provided for each battery module 202, the cost of the battery module 202 can be reduced. Further, the analysis device 100 is made high-performance, and high-precision analysis is easily performed.

[0067] Figure 3 is a diagram that shows an example of analysis-use data. In Figure 3In one example, analytical data related to one battery module 202 is included in a single analytical dataset. In other examples, analytical data related to multiple battery modules 202 may also be included in a single analytical dataset.

[0068] The data used for analysis includes identification data and measurement data Me. The identification data includes at least one of module identification data Mo and unit identification data Ce. Figure 3 In the example analysis, the module identification data Mo is correlated with the cell identification data Ce. In this case, the data analysis unit 104 can analyze the characteristics related to the charging capacity of each battery module 202. As an example, the data analysis unit 104 can analyze the capacity deviation of the battery cells 204 contained in the battery module 202.

[0069] The measurement data Me is the data for each battery cell 204. The analysis data recording unit 108 can record the measurement data acquired by the data acquisition unit 102 over time, corresponding to the identification data. When the identification data includes cell identification data Ce, the measurement data Me corresponds to the cell identification data Ce. In this case, the data analysis unit 104 analyzes the measurement data Me according to each cell identification data Ce, and analyzes the characteristics related to the charging capacity of a single battery cell 204.

[0070] When the identification data does not include cell identification data Ce, each measurement data Me corresponds to a common module identification data Mo. In this case, the data analysis unit 104 analyzes each measurement data Me to analyze characteristics related to the charging capacity of the battery cell 204. However, when it is uncertain which battery cell 204 the analyzed characteristic belongs to, for example, the data analysis unit 104 analyzes at least one of the maximum, minimum, or average values ​​of the capacity of the battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202.

[0071] exist Figure 3 In this example, the data used for analysis also includes temperature data T and operating time data L. Temperature data T represents the temperature of the battery cell 204 or battery module 202 at the time the measurement data is taken. Temperature data T can also represent the ambient temperature of the battery module 202 at the time the measurement data is taken. Temperature data T can be common data for all battery cells 204 within the battery module 202.

[0072] The operation time data L indicates the cumulative operation time of each battery cell 204. The operation time can be the elapsed time from the start of use of the battery cell 204, or the time accumulated by charging or discharging the battery cell 204. Further, the number of times of charging and discharging of the battery cell 204 can be used as the operation time. Further, the operation time data L can also indicate the cumulative operation time of the battery module 202. The operation time data L can be data for each battery cell 204, or data common to the battery cells 204 within the battery module 202.

[0073] Figure 4 is a diagram indicating an example of the transmission data. In Figure 4 In the example, data related to one battery module 202 is included in one transmission data. In other examples, data related to a plurality of battery modules 202 can also be included in one transmission data.

[0074] The transmission data can include identification data. The identification data includes at least one of module identification data Mo and cell identification data Ce.

[0075] The transmission data can include analysis result data A. The analysis result data A is, for example, data related to the capacity of each battery cell 204. In other examples, the analysis result data A is data indicating at least one of the maximum value, the minimum value, and the average value of the capacities of one or more battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202.

[0076] The transmission data can include control data Co. The control data Co is data for controlling charging and discharging of one or more battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202. The control data Co can specify at least one of the charge amount, the discharge amount, the charging timing, the discharging timing, the charging speed, and the discharging speed of each battery cell 204. The data analysis section 104 can generate the control data Co based on the analysis result of the capacity of each battery cell 204. For example, the data analysis section 104 generates control data Co that reduces the capacity deviation between one or more battery cells 204 of the battery module 202. In a case where the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the remaining capacities of a plurality of battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202 is equal to or greater than a prescribed threshold value, the data analysis section 104 can generate the control data Co. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the capacity deviation between the battery cells 204 from becoming too large.

[0077] The transmission data can include replacement period data R. The data analysis section 104 can calculate the period when each battery cell 204 should be replaced, based on the analysis result of the capacity of each battery cell 204. As an example, the data analysis section 104 can calculate the deterioration rate of each battery cell 204 based on the history of the measurement data recorded in the analysis data recording section 108, and estimate the replacement period based on the deterioration rate. The deterioration of the battery cell 204 can be calculated, for example, from the deterioration of the full charge capacity, the voltage between the electrodes, the output current, and the like. The data analysis section 104 can calculate the period when the characteristics of the battery cell 204 are lower than a prescribed reference value as the replacement period of the battery cell 204. The replacement period data R can be data for each battery cell 204. In other examples, the replacement period data R can also be data for each battery module 202. In this case, the data analysis section 104 can calculate the earliest replacement period among the replacement periods of the battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202 as the replacement period of the battery module 202.

[0078] The transmission data can include failure data F. The data analysis section 104 can determine whether or not each battery cell 204 has failed, based on the analysis result of the capacity of each battery cell 204. As an example, the data analysis section 104 can determine whether or not each battery cell 204 has failed, based on the temporal change in the characteristics of each battery cell 204, such as the full charge capacity. In a case where the difference between the characteristics value calculated last time and the characteristics value calculated this time exceeds a prescribed reference value, the data analysis section 104 can determine that the battery cell 204 has failed. The failure data F can be data for each battery cell 204. In other examples, the failure data F can also be data for each battery module 202. In this case, in a case where any one of the battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202 has failed, the data analysis section 104 can determine that the battery module 202 has failed.

[0079] The transmission data can include at least one of the analysis result data, the control data, the replacement period data, and the failure data. The transmission data can also include data other than these.

[0080] Figure 5 is a graph illustrating the deviation of the remaining capacities of the battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202. In Figure 5 three battery cells 204-1, 204-2, 204-3 are illustrated, but the number of battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202 is not limited to three. In Figure 5In the diagram, each battery cell 204 is represented by a rectangle. The upper limit (max) of the rectangle represents the upper limit of the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 (i.e., the full charge capacity), and the lower limit (min) represents the lower limit of the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204. To prevent overcharging and over-discharging, the battery cell 204 is charged and discharged between the upper limit (max) and the lower limit (min). Figure 5 In the diagram, the shading of the diagonal lines represents the remaining capacity of each battery cell 204.

[0081] like Figure 5 As shown in the diagram before processing, sometimes the remaining capacity of each battery cell 204 contained in the battery module 202 varies. For example, the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 varies when the natural discharge rate of the battery cell 204 is different.

[0082] In this example, multiple battery cells 204 are charged simultaneously. Therefore, if there is a deviation in the remaining capacity, each battery cell 204 can only be charged by the amount corresponding to the battery cell 204 with the least available capacity, and cannot be charged to the maximum limit (max). Similarly, when multiple battery cells 204 discharge to the load simultaneously, each battery cell 204 can only discharge by the amount corresponding to the battery cell 204 with the least remaining capacity, and cannot be discharged to the minimum limit (min). Therefore, the effective capacity of the multiple battery cells 204 decreases according to the deviation in remaining capacity.

[0083] The analysis device 100 can analyze the remaining capacity of each battery cell 204. The battery management device 206 can charge and discharge each battery cell 204 to adjust cell balance, thereby reducing the deviation in the remaining capacity of each battery cell 204. Alternatively, in this example, the battery cell 204 is discharged to adjust cell balance. For example, in... Figure 5 In this process, battery cells 204 with more remaining capacity are discharged. In other examples, battery cells 204 can also be charged to adjust cell balance. For example, battery cells 204 with less remaining capacity can also be charged. Furthermore, the above-described discharging and charging can be combined to adjust cell balance. Figure 5 The processed graph shows the effective capacity of the battery cell 204 after cell balancing. By reducing the deviation of the remaining capacity of each battery cell 204, the effective capacity is increased. The data analysis unit 104 can estimate the amount of increase in effective capacity by performing cell balancing processing. The data transmission unit 106 can send transmission data representing the estimated increase in effective capacity to the battery management device 206.

[0084] Figure 6is a view showing another example of the configuration of the analysis device 100. The analysis device 100 of this example analyzes the capacity of each battery cell 204 with high precision. The higher the analysis precision of the residual capacity in the data analysis section 104, the more the unit balance adjustment can be performed with high precision, and thus the more the effective capacity can be increased. The analysis device 100 of this example is configured to include a reference characteristic recording section 110 in addition to the example shown in Figure 2 Figure 2

[0085] The reference characteristic recording section 110 records a predetermined reference characteristic. The data analysis section 104 analyzes the capacity of the battery cell 204 on the basis of the characteristic calculated from the measurement data and the reference characteristic.

[0086] Figure 7 is a view showing an example of the measurement data included in the analysis data. The measurement section 208 of this example measures a voltage-capacity characteristic and generates measurement data, the voltage-capacity characteristic indicating the relationship between the voltage between both poles at the time of charging or discharging of each battery cell 204 and the estimated residual capacity. The measurement section 208 can measure the voltage-capacity characteristic at the time of actual operation of the battery module 202. The time of actual operation is, for example, a state in which the battery module 202 supplies power to a load, or a state in which the residual power of a power generation device is supplied to the battery module 202. The measurement section 208 can calculate the residual capacity of each battery cell 204 on the basis of the cumulative amount of the current output from the battery module 202 and the current supplied to the battery module 202. The residual capacity of the battery cell 204 decreases in accordance with the amount of the current output from the battery module 202, and increases in accordance with the amount of the current charged to the battery module 202.

[0087] The measurement section 208 of this example measures the voltage-capacity characteristic within a prescribed measurement range of the estimated residual capacity Q. The measurement range is a part of the range between the lower limit min and the upper limit max of the estimated residual capacity. The measurement range preferably does not include the lower limit min and the upper limit max of the estimated residual capacity. Thus, the measurement section 208 can measure the voltage-capacity characteristic without bringing the battery cell 204 into a state close to overcharging or overdischarging. The size of the measurement range can be half or less, or 1 / 4 or less, of the size of the range between the lower limit min and the upper limit max. By reducing the measurement range, the voltage-capacity characteristic can be obtained in a short time, and the voltage-capacity characteristic is easily obtained even in the actual operation of the battery module 202. Furthermore, by reducing the measurement range, each battery cell 204 is not overcharged or overdischarged even in a state in which the residual capacities of the plurality of battery cells 204 have deviated, and the voltage-capacity characteristic is easily measured.

[0088] Figure 8 ​​is a graph showing an example of a reference characteristic recorded by the reference characteristic recording section 110. The reference characteristic corresponds to a characteristic in which the voltage-capacity characteristic of the battery cell 204 is differentiated with respect to the remaining capacity. The reference characteristic of the battery cell 204 can be determined in advance based on the electrode material of the battery cell 204, or based on the manufacturer or model of the battery cell 204 or the battery module 202. The reference characteristic recording section 110 can record a plurality of reference characteristics corresponding to a plurality of electrode materials. The data analysis section 104 preferably uses the reference characteristic corresponding to the electrode material of the battery cell 204 that is the analysis target to analyze the battery cell 204. The data acquisition section 102 can acquire analysis data indicating the electrode material of the battery cell 204. Further, the analysis data recording section 108 can record information indicating the electrode material of the battery cell 204 corresponding to at least one of the battery module 202 and the battery cell 204.

[0089] For example, in the case where the battery cell 204 is a lithium battery, lithium ions move between the positive electrode and the negative electrode during charge and discharge. The crystal structure of the electrode active material changes by insertion (also referred to as reduction) or detachment (also referred to as oxidation) of lithium ions with respect to each electrode active material. This change in the crystal structure is referred to as a "phase change", and is a phenomenon that occurs near the potential inherent to the electrode active material that is defined electrochemically. Due to the phase change phenomenon, a peak appears at a prescribed position in the reference characteristic.

[0090] Thus, depending on the type of electrode active material, it is possible to determine the voltage-capacity characteristic of the battery cell 204, and it is also possible to determine the reference characteristic that is the differentiated characteristic. This reference characteristic can be acquired by measuring the characteristics of one or more battery cells that become the reference in advance. Further, this reference characteristic can also be acquired in advance by simulation. The method of acquiring this reference characteristic can also be the same as that described in Patent Document 1.

[0091] Figure 9 is a graph that explains a method of calculating the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 from the reference characteristic and the differentiated characteristic. In Figure 9 , the differentiated characteristic within the measurement range shown in Figure 7 is indicated by a solid line, and the reference characteristic is indicated by a dashed line. The data analysis section 104 of this example moves the differentiated characteristic in parallel to a position at which the error between the differentiated characteristic and the reference characteristic is minimized. The data analysis section 104 can determine this position by the least squares method. The amount by which the differentiated characteristic is moved in the axis direction of the remaining capacity Q corresponds to the error between the differentiated characteristic and the reference characteristic. Figure 7The data analysis section 104 can calculate the actual remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 from the error and the current estimated remaining capacity of the battery cell 204. The data analysis section 104 can calculate the actual remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 by the same method as disclosed in Patent Literature 1.

[0092] As shown in FIG. 6, each reference characteristic can have a reference characteristic point. The reference characteristic point is a point that should be included in the differential characteristic in order to perform fitting of the reference characteristic and the differential characteristic with high accuracy. The reference characteristic point can be a point in which variation corresponding to a measurement condition such as temperature is small compared to other points. The reference characteristic point can be arranged at a slope portion between peaks of the reference characteristic. The reference characteristic point can also be a point in which the reference characteristic becomes a minimum value. The reference characteristic point can also be an apex of a peak of the reference characteristic. A plurality of reference characteristic points can also be set in the reference characteristic. The reference characteristic recording section 110 can record the value of the remaining capacity in each reference characteristic point. Figure 8 The measurement section 208 can measure the characteristic of the battery cell 204 in a measurement range (i.e., a range of the estimated remaining capacity) that includes any one of the reference characteristic points. The position of each reference characteristic point can be notified from the analysis device 100 to the battery management device 206. In addition, the analysis device 100 can also notify the measurement range that includes any one of the reference characteristic points to the battery management device 206. By acquiring measurement data in this measurement range, a measurement characteristic point corresponding to the reference characteristic point is included in the differential characteristic of the measurement data.

[0093] The data analysis section 104 can analyze the capacity of the battery cell 204 on the basis of the measurement characteristic point in the differential characteristic of the battery cell 204 and the reference characteristic point in the reference characteristic. As described above, the data analysis section 104 can move the differential characteristic in parallel so that the position of the measurement characteristic point coincides with the position of the reference characteristic point.

[0094]

[0095] ​In this example, the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 is analyzed, but the data analysis section 104 can also analyze the full charge capacity of the battery cell 204. In this case, the data analysis section 104 can use a differential characteristic that differentiates the voltage-capacity characteristic with respect to voltage. Further, the reference characteristic recording section 110 can record a reference characteristic corresponding to this differential characteristic. The data analysis section 104 can adjust at least one of the position and amplitude of the reference characteristic to minimize the error from the differential characteristic. By integrating the adjusted reference characteristic over a prescribed range of use voltages, the full charge capacity of the battery cell 204 can be calculated. The data analysis section 104 can calculate the full charge capacity of the battery cell 204 by the same method as disclosed in Patent Document 1. The data analysis section 104 can also calculate the ratio of the remaining capacity to the full charge capacity (also referred to as the SOC).

[0096] Further, in the case where the temperature data indicating the temperature of the battery cell 204 at the time of measurement of the voltage-capacity characteristic is included in the analysis data, the data analysis section 104 can correct the analysis using the differential characteristic based on the temperature of the battery cell 204. The voltage-capacity characteristic of the battery cell 204 can vary depending on the temperature of the battery cell 204. The data analysis section 104 can correct the variation in the characteristic due to the temperature of the battery cell 204 and analyze the characteristic of the battery cell 204. Specifically, the data analysis section 104 can correct at least one of the differential characteristic and the reference characteristic according to the temperature. The data analysis section 104 can shift the differential characteristic or the reference characteristic in the direction of the remaining capacity axis according to the temperature. The data analysis section 104 can also correct the amplitude of the differential characteristic or the reference characteristic according to the temperature. The correction information indicating how each characteristic should be corrected according to the temperature of the battery cell 204 can be set in advance in the data analysis section 104. This correction information can be generated by previously measuring how the voltage-capacity characteristic varies according to the variation in temperature.

[0097] By the method described in Figure 7 to Figure 9 , the data analysis section 104 can analyze the capacity of the battery cell 204 with high accuracy. Further, the analysis in the data analysis section 104 is not limited to that described in Figure 7 to Figure 9 . The data analysis section 104 can analyze information related to the capacity of the battery cell 204 using a publicly known method. For example, the data analysis section 104 can calculate the remaining capacity based on the voltage between the two poles of the battery cell 204. The relationship between the voltage between the two poles and the remaining capacity can be provided to the data analysis section 104 in advance. The data analysis section 104 can also estimate the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 by integrating the output current and the charging current of the battery cell 204.

[0098] Figure 10is a diagram illustrating a process of reducing the deviation of the remaining capacities of the plurality of battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202. In this example, three battery cells 204 are illustrated, but the number of battery cells 204 is not limited to three. As described above, the data analysis section 104 can generate transmission data that causes the battery cells 204 to charge and discharge. The charging and discharging of the battery cells 204 can be performed by the battery management device 206 based on the control data Co included in the transmission data, or can be performed by the battery management device 206 based on the analysis result data A included in the transmission data.

[0099] The initial stage S1001 indicates a state in which the remaining capacities of the battery cells 204 have deviated. In addition, in the initial stage S1001, the remaining capacities of the battery cells 204 are indicated by hatching of diagonal lines. Figure 10 In the initial stage S1001, the remaining capacities of the battery cells 204 are indicated by hatching of diagonal lines. In the initial stage S1001, the remaining capacities of the battery cells 204 are indicated by hatching of diagonal lines. Figure 5 The remaining capacities are indicated by hatching of diagonal lines in the same manner as in the initial stage S1001. Next, in the first measurement stage S1002, the amounts of discharge of all the battery cells 204 can be made equal. During the discharging of the battery cells 204, the measuring section 208 measures characteristics such as the voltage between the two poles and the discharging current of each battery cell 204. Next, in the second measurement stage S1003, the amounts of charge of all the battery cells 204 can be made equal. During the charging of the battery cells 204, the measuring section 208 measures characteristics such as the voltage between the two poles and the charging current of each battery cell 204. Through the processes of S1002 and S1003, the measuring section 208 can measure the voltage-capacity characteristics of each battery cell 204. The measuring section 208 can calculate the estimated remaining capacity of each battery cell 204 by successively accumulating the discharging current or the charging current.

[0100] Instead of the processes of S1002 and S1003, the measuring section 208 can measure the voltage-capacity characteristics in the actual operation of the battery module 202. That is, the measuring section 208 can measure the voltage and the current of the battery cells 204 during the supply of current from the battery module 202 to a load, or during the charging of the battery module 202 with the remaining electric power of the power generation device.

[0101] Next, in the discharging stage S1004, at least one of the battery cells 204 whose remaining capacity is not the smallest is discharged, and the difference from the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 whose remaining capacity is the smallest is reduced. In S1004, the amounts of discharge of all the battery cells 204 except for the battery cell 204 whose remaining capacity is the smallest can be made equal. In the example of FIG. 10, the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204-3 is the smallest. In S1004, the battery cells 204-1 and 204-2 are discharged. Figure 10 In the example of FIG. 10, the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204-3 is the smallest. In S1004, the battery cells 204-1 and 204-2 are discharged. In the discharging stage S1004, the battery cells 204-1 and 204-2 can be discharged so that the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204-2, which is the battery cell 204-1 or 204-2 whose remaining capacity is the smallest, becomes equal to the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204-3.

[0102] Next, in discharge stage S1005, the same process as in discharge stage S1004 is repeated. That is, at least one of the battery cells 204 whose remaining capacity is not the smallest is discharged, reducing the difference in remaining capacity with that of the battery cell 204 with the smallest remaining capacity. In this example, the remaining capacities of battery cells 204-3 and 204-2 are the smallest. Therefore, in this example, battery cell 204-1 is discharged. In S1005, battery cell 204-1 can also be discharged to make its remaining capacity equal to that of the smallest remaining capacity.

[0103] By repeatedly performing the discharge stages described in S1004 and S1005, the remaining capacity of all battery cells 204 can be made equal. This increases the effective capacity of the battery module 202.

[0104] In S1002 to S1005, the charging and discharging of the battery cells 204 are preferably controlled so that the remaining capacity of any single battery cell 204 does not exceed the upper limit (max) or lower limit (min) of the respective battery cells 204. This suppresses over-discharge or over-charge of the battery cells 204 and prevents over-discharge from occurring. Figure 10 The degradation of battery cell 204 during the processing described herein. Particularly when battery cell 204 is a lithium-ion battery, if it is placed near the upper limit (max) of its remaining capacity, there is a tendency to accelerate degradation. Furthermore, if it is placed near the lower limit (min) of its remaining capacity, there is a tendency to accelerate natural discharge, leading to over-discharge and thus accelerating degradation. Therefore, in the case of battery cell 204 being a lithium-ion battery, sometimes due to… Figure 10 The degradation suppression effect of the treatment described in the text becomes significant.

[0105] Furthermore, when the analysis accuracy of the capacity of battery cell 204 is low, in order to ensure that the remaining capacity of battery cells 204 is consistent, sometimes each battery cell 204 is made to be fully charged. To address this, by using... Figure 7 to Figure 9 The method described herein enables high-precision analysis of the capacity of each battery cell 204. Therefore, as in... Figure 10 As explained, it is possible to adjust cell balance without making battery cell 204 fully charged. Furthermore, in Figure 7 to Figure 9 The method described herein only requires measuring a local measurement range, thus making it easy to control so that the remaining capacity of battery cell 204 does not reach the upper limit (max) or lower limit (min). Furthermore, according to... Figure 10 The method described herein, by not allowing each battery cell 204 to reach a fully charged state, can achieve a balance of remaining capacity in a short processing time. Therefore, the impact on the actual operation of the battery module 202 is minimal. This is achieved through high-frequency execution.Figure 10 The processing in the battery module 202 can maintain the effective capacity of the battery module 202 at a high level.

[0106] Figure 11 is a graph showing an example of the voltage-capacity characteristic of the battery cell 204 at the time of discharging. Also, Figure 7 The voltage-capacity characteristic shown in FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of the voltage-capacity characteristic of the battery cell 204 at the time of charging. The voltage-capacity characteristic at the time of discharging is a voltage-capacity characteristic measured while the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 is reduced, and the voltage-capacity characteristic at the time of charging is a voltage-capacity characteristic measured while the remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 is increased. As shown in FIG. 6, the voltage-capacity characteristic at the time of discharging and the voltage-capacity characteristic at the time of charging are different from each other. Figure 7 and Figure 11 As shown in FIG. 6, the voltage-capacity characteristic of the battery cell 204 is sometimes different at the time of charging and at the time of discharging. It can be confirmed through experiments that the voltage-capacity characteristic is sometimes different at the time of charging and at the time of discharging of the battery cell 204.

[0107] Figure 12 is a graph showing an example of the reference characteristic of the battery cell 204 at the time of discharging. As with the voltage-capacity characteristic, the reference characteristic differentiated from the voltage-capacity characteristic is sometimes different at the time of charging and at the time of discharging of the battery cell 204. The reference characteristic recording section 110 can record at least either one of the reference characteristic at the time of charging of the battery cell 204 and the reference characteristic at the time of discharging of the battery cell 204. In the present example, the reference characteristic recording section 110 records both the reference characteristic at the time of charging and the reference characteristic at the time of discharging.

[0108] The data analysis section 104 can select the reference characteristic to be compared with the differentiated characteristic calculated from the measurement data Me of the battery cell 204, based on which one of the measurement data Me of the battery cell 204 is at the time of charging or at the time of discharging. That is, in the case where the measurement data Me is measurement data at the time of charging, the data analysis section 104 selects the reference characteristic at the time of charging. Also, in the case where the measurement data Me is measurement data at the time of discharging, the data analysis section 104 selects the reference characteristic at the time of discharging. It is preferable that the data for analysis contain data indicating which one of the measurement data Me is at the time of charging or at the time of discharging.

[0109] Figure 13 is a graph showing an outline of the charging and discharging of the battery cell 204. In Figure 13In the present embodiment, a case where the battery cell 204 is a lithium-ion battery is described. The negative electrode 218 of the battery cell 204 has a plurality of graphite layers 220. By charging and discharging the battery cell 204, lithium ions 222 are inserted between or detached from the graphite layers 220. The state of the negative electrode 218 corresponding to the density of the lithium ions 222 inserted between the graphite layers 220 is referred to as a level. The voltage-capacity characteristic varies depending on the level of the negative electrode 218. One of the reasons why the voltage-capacity characteristic of the battery cell 204 differs at the time of charging and at the time of discharging can be presumed to be that the behavior of the lithium ions 222 is different when inserted into the graphite layers 220 and when detached from the graphite layers 220.

[0110] Figure 14 is a diagram illustrating another example of the cell balancing process. In the present example, the data analysis section 104 generates transmission data that causes the battery cell 204-1 to be charged and discharged. The battery cell 204-1 is charged and discharged by the battery management device 206 based on the control data Co included in the transmission data. Figure 10 As with the example of

[0111] The initial stage S1501 indicates a state where the residual capacities of the battery cells 204 have deviated. Next, in the charging stage S1502, each of the battery cells 204 is charged until the battery cell 204-1 having the largest residual capacity becomes fully charged.

[0112] Next, in the discharging stage S1503, the battery cell 204-1 that has become fully charged is discharged. In S1503, the battery cell 204-1 is discharged until the residual capacity of the battery cell 204-2 having the largest residual capacity among the battery cells 204 other than the battery cell 204-1 coincides with the residual capacity of the battery cell 204-1.

[0113] Next, in the charging stage S1504, each of the battery cells 204 is charged until the battery cells 204-1, 204-2 having the largest residual capacities become fully charged.

[0114] Next, in the discharging stage S1505, the battery cells 204-1, 204-2 that have become fully charged are discharged. In S1505, the battery cells 204-1, 204-2 are discharged until the residual capacities of the battery cells 204-1, 204-2 coincide with the residual capacity of the battery cell 204-3 having the largest residual capacity among the remaining battery cells 204. Thus, by repeating the charging stage and the discharging stage, it is possible to equalize the residual capacities of all the battery cells 204. Thus, it is possible to increase the effective capacity of the battery module 202.

[0115] In addition, in the present embodiment, the data analysis section 104 generates transmission data that causes the battery cells 204 to be charged and discharged. Figure 14In the example, the data analysis section 104 can analyze the capacity of the battery cell 204 by the method explained in Figure 7 to Figure 9

[0116] Figure 15 is a diagram illustrating an outline of the battery module 202. The battery module 202 of the example includes a positive terminal 211, a negative terminal 212, and a plurality of battery cells 204 connected in series between the two terminals. Further, the battery module 202 has a discharge switch 213, a discharge resistor 214, and a voltage meter 215 for each battery cell 204. The discharge switch 213 switches whether to connect the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 204 via the discharge resistor 214. By making the discharge switch 213 an on state, the corresponding battery cell 204 can be discharged. The voltage meter 215 measures the voltage between the two poles of the corresponding battery cell 204. The voltage meter 215 functions as part of the measurement section 208.

[0117] The battery module 202 can also have a current meter 216 provided in series with the plurality of battery cells 204. The current meter 216 measures the current flowing through the plurality of battery cells 204. The current meter 216 functions as part of the measurement section 208.

[0118] In the battery module 202 of the example, a single battery cell 204 can be selected and discharged. Further, in the case where the plurality of battery cells 204 are charged, the battery management device 206 connects a power source for charging to the positive terminal 211 and the negative terminal 212. Therefore, the plurality of battery cells 204 are simultaneously charged. According to the method explained in Figure 10 Figure 14 Figure 15 the deviation of the remaining capacity of the battery module 202 having the configuration shown in

[0119] Figure 16 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the analysis device 100. The analysis device 100 of the example generates correction data that corrects the remaining capacity of each battery cell 204 based on the analysis data and transmits it to the battery management device 206. The other operations are the same as in the example explained in Figure 1 to Figure 15

[0120] First, in the measurement start stage S1101, the data transmission section 106 causes the battery management device 206 to start the characteristic measurement of the battery cell 204. The data transmission section 106 can transmit transmission data that becomes a trigger for the start of measurement via the network 12. The data transmission section 106 can transmit a designation of the measurement start time.​​​​Figure 7 The measurement range indicated by the transmission data. Next, in the transmission request stage S1102, the data transmission section 106 requests the transmission of the analysis-use data to the battery management device 206 via the network 12.

[0121] Next, in the data acquisition stage S1103, the data acquisition section 102 acquires the analysis-use data from the analysis-use data transmission section 200 via the network 12. Next, in the data analysis stage S1104, the data analysis section 104 analyzes the characteristics related to the charge capacity of at least one battery cell 204 based on the analysis-use data acquired in the data acquisition stage S1103. The data analysis section 104 of the present example calculates the error of the estimated remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 estimated by the measurement section 208 and the remaining capacity calculated by the analysis. Next, in the result transmission stage S1105, the data transmission section 106 transmits the transmission data corresponding to the analysis result of the data analysis stage S1104 to the battery management device 206 via the network 12. The transmission data of the present example contains the correction data for correcting the estimated remaining capacity.

[0122] Figure 17 is a flowchart indicating an example of the operation of the battery management device 206, the measurement section 208, and the analysis-use data transmission section 200. The battery management device 206 of the present example corrects the estimated remaining capacity of each battery cell 204 based on the analysis result in the analysis device 100. Thereby, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the estimated remaining capacity managed by the battery management device 206. The other operations are the same as in the example explained in Figure 1 to Figure 15

[0123] In the analysis device 100 of the present example, first, in the measurement stage S1201, the measurement section 208 generates measurement data that measures the characteristics related to the charge and discharge of one or more battery cells 204 contained in the battery module 202. The measurement section 208 can measure the characteristics of each battery cell 204 in a manner that contains the measurement range specified by the transmission data. The battery management device 206 can cause the measurement section 208 to start the measurement in accordance with the trigger received from the analysis device 100 in the measurement start stage S1101. Figure 16 The measurement stage S1201 corresponds to S1002 and S1003 in Figure 10

[0124] In the case where the battery cell 204 is charged and discharged in order to measure the characteristics of the battery cell 204, the measurement section 208 accumulates the current value when the battery cell 204 is charged and discharged (S1202). Further, the measurement section 208 acquires the accumulated value of the current value at each timing within a prescribed period (S1203). The measurement section 208 calculates the estimated value of the remaining capacity at each timing based on the acquired accumulated value (S1204). Thereby, as explained in Figure 7 ​​As shown, the voltage-capacity characteristics of the battery cell 204 within a prescribed measurement range can be obtained.

[0125] Next, in the first judgment stage S1205, the battery management device 206 judges whether a transmission request of the analysis-use data is received from the analysis device 100. In the case where the transmission request is received, the analysis-use data transmission section 200 is caused to transmit the analysis-use data (S1206). In the case where the transmission request is not received, the battery management device 206 does not perform the process of S1206 and proceeds to the next process.

[0126] Next, in the second judgment stage S1207, the battery management device 206 judges whether the correction data for correcting the estimated remaining capacity is received from the analysis device 100. In the case where the correction data is received, the battery management device 206 corrects the estimated remaining capacity (S1208). In the case where the correction data is not received, the battery management device 206 repeats the process starting from S1201.

[0127] Figure 18 is a graph showing another example of the analysis content in the data analysis section 104. The data analysis section 104 of this example calculates the deterioration speed of the battery cell 204 from the differential characteristics of the battery cell 204. The data analysis section 104 can calculate the deterioration speed of the battery cell 204 from the change in the full charge capacity of the battery cell 204. The data analysis section 104 can calculate the number of charge-discharge times of the battery cell 204 from the usage history record of the battery cell 204, and calculate the deterioration speed based on the amount of deterioration of the full charge capacity with respect to the number of charge-discharge times. The data analysis section 104 can take the quotient of the cumulative value of the charge current of the battery cell 204 during the usage period divided by a prescribed reference value as the number of charges of the battery cell 204. The data analysis section 104 can take the quotient of the cumulative value of the discharge current of the battery cell 204 during the usage period divided by a prescribed reference value as the number of discharges of the battery cell 204. These reference values can use the rated capacity of the battery cell 204. The data analysis section 104 can take the sum of the number of charges and the number of discharges as the number of charge-discharges.

[0128] In Figure 18 , a graph is shown in which the horizontal axis is the number of charge-discharge times and the vertical axis is the full charge capacity. The data analysis section 104 can calculate the temporal change in the full charge capacity of each battery cell 204 based on the time-series measurement data recorded by the analysis-use data record section 108. In this case, the measurement data can include each cumulative value of the charge current and the discharge current from the period from the start of the use of the battery cell 204 to the timing at which the characteristics of the battery cell 204 are measured.

[0129] The data analysis section 104 can calculate the deterioration speed of the battery cell 204 based on the amount of change in the full charge capacity from a prescribed starting point to the current time. The starting point can be set to an arbitrary timing from the start time of the battery cell 204 to the current time. The deterioration speed in this example is the amount of deterioration in the full charge capacity per unit number of times of charge and discharge.

[0130] The data analysis section 104 can estimate the deterioration speed of the full charge capacity after the current time from the measured value of the temporal change in the full charge capacity. The data analysis section 104 can use the deterioration speed from a prescribed starting point to the current time as the deterioration speed after the current time.

[0131] In other examples, the data analysis section 104 can estimate the deterioration speed after the current time from the value of the full charge capacity at the current time. The data analysis section 104 can be provided in advance with a relationship between the value of the full charge capacity and the deterioration speed after the current time. The relationship can be a design value by the manufacturer of the battery cell 204, or a relationship obtained by statistics from the performance of the same battery cell 204.

[0132] The data analysis section 104 can generate replacement period data indicating the period when the battery cell 204 should be replaced, based on the analysis result of the analysis data. For example, the data analysis section 104 estimates the period when the full charge capacity is lower than a prescribed reference value Qref based on the estimated value of the deterioration speed. The period can be indicated by the elapsed time (e.g., month, day, time) from the current time, or by the number of times of charge and discharge. The data analysis section 104 can calculate how many times of charge and discharge are performed per unit time from the usage history of the battery cell 204. The data analysis section 104 can calculate the elapsed time corresponding to the replacement period from the calculated relationship of time-number of times of charge and discharge. Furthermore, in the case where the full charge capacity at the current time is lower than the prescribed reference value Qref, the data analysis section 104 can also generate replacement period data indicating that the period until the replacement period is 0 (i.e., the battery cell 204 should be replaced at the current time).

[0133] Figure 19 This is another example of a graph indicating the analysis content in the data analysis section 104. The data analysis section 104 in this example calculates the divergence speed of the charge capacity between two or more battery cells 204 based on the divergence amount of the charge capacity between two or more battery cells 204 calculated from the differential characteristics of the two or more battery cells 204. The divergence amount can also be used as the deterioration amount of the two or more battery cells 204. The charge capacity can be Figure 10 the initial stage S1001 of FIG. 10, or Figure 14The initial stage S1501 shows the remaining capacity at the start of the characteristic measurement of the battery cell 204. The charge capacity can also be the full charge capacity of the battery cell 204. As with the calculation of the deterioration speed, the data analysis section 104 can calculate the number of charge and discharge of the battery cell 204 from the usage history record of the battery cell 204 recorded by the analysis-use data recording section 108, and calculate the deviation speed based on the change in the amount of deviation with respect to the number of charge and discharge.

[0134] In Figure 19 , a graph is shown in which the horizontal axis is the number of charge and discharge, and the vertical axis is the amount of deviation of the charge capacity. The data analysis section 104 can calculate the change over time in the amount of deviation of the charge capacity based on the time series of measurement data recorded by the analysis-use data recording section 108. The data analysis section 104 can calculate the deviation speed of the charge capacity between the battery cells 204 based on the change in the amount of deviation from a prescribed starting point to the current time.

[0135] The data analysis section 104 can estimate the deviation speed after the current time from the measured value of the change over time in the amount of deviation. The data analysis section 104 can use the deviation speed from the prescribed starting point to the current time as the deviation speed after the current time.

[0136] In other examples, the data analysis section 104 can also estimate the deviation speed after the current time from the value of the amount of deviation at the current time. The data analysis section 104 can be provided in advance with a relationship between the value of the amount of deviation and the deviation speed after the current time. This relationship can be a design value of the manufacturer of the battery cell 204, or a relationship obtained by statistics from the performance of the same battery cell 204.

[0137] Figure 20 is a graph showing the passage of the effective capacity of the battery module 202. The maximum value of the effective capacity of the battery module 202 corresponds to the sum of the full charge capacities of the respective battery cells 204. However, as explained in Figure 4 , if the remaining capacities of the respective battery cells 204 deviate, the effective capacity of the battery module 202 is smaller than the maximum value. In Figure 20 , the maximum value of the effective capacity is shown by a broken line, and the actual effective capacity is shown by a solid line. In this example, the maximum value of the effective capacity decreases slowly due to the deterioration over time of the respective battery cells 204.

[0138] If the deviation of the remaining capacities between the battery cells 204 increases due to the deviation of the natural discharge amount or the like, the effective capacity of the battery module 202 gradually decreases. In the analysis system 10 of this example, the execution of the analysis in Figure 10The unit balancing process of the remaining capacity between the battery cells 204 explained above. Therefore, every time interval I1, the effective capacity of the battery module 202 is restored to near the maximum value.

[0139] By shortening the time interval I1, the adjustment amount of the effective capacity in one unit balancing process can be reduced. Therefore, the time required for the unit balancing process can be shortened, and thus the time during which the battery module 202 cannot actually operate can be shortened.

[0140] The data analysis section 104 can adjust the time interval I based on the divergence speed of the charge capacity of two or more battery cells 204. In a case where the difference between the calculated divergence speed and a predetermined design value becomes large, the data analysis section 104 can shorten the time interval I. In a case where the divergence tendency of the charge capacity between the battery cells 204 changes, the data analysis section 104 can also shorten the time interval I. The change in the divergence tendency refers to, for example, a case where the divergence of the battery cells 204 differs from that so far, and the like. The faster the divergence speed, the shorter the time interval I can be made by the data analysis section 104. Thereby, the increase in the adjustment amount in one unit balancing process can be suppressed. In a case where the divergence tendency of the charge capacity between the battery cells 204 changes, the data analysis section 104 can also shorten the time interval I. The change in the divergence tendency refers to, for example, a case where the divergence of the battery cells 204 differs from that so far, and the like. Figure 20 In the example, the data analysis section 104 adjusts the time interval to I2.

[0141] The data analysis section 104 calculates a measurement interval at which data related to the charge and discharge of two or more battery cells 204 should be measured, according to the time interval in a manner that the unit balancing process can be performed with the time interval. As an example, the measurement interval is equal to the time interval. The data transmission section 106 transmits transmission data corresponding to the measurement interval. The data transmission section 106 can transmit transmission data that becomes a trigger for causing the measurement section 208 to measure the characteristics of the battery cells 204 at a timing corresponding to the measurement interval. In other examples, the data transmission section 106 can also transmit transmission data containing data indicating the length of the measurement interval. In this case, the battery management device 206 causes the measurement section 208 to measure the characteristics of the battery cells 204 at a cycle corresponding to the measurement interval. Further, the data analysis section 104 can generate control data for controlling the charge and discharge of the battery cells 204 according to the analysis result of the measurement data, and transmit the control data at a timing corresponding to the time interval.

[0142] The data analysis section 104 can adjust the time interval I based on the deterioration speed of the battery cells 204. In a case where the difference between the calculated deterioration speed and a predetermined design value becomes large, the data analysis section 104 can shorten the time interval I. In a case where the tendency of the deterioration of the charge capacity between the battery cells 204 changes, the data analysis section 104 can also shorten the time interval I. The change in the deterioration tendency refers to, for example, a case where the deterioration of the battery cells 204 differs from that so far, and the like.

[0143] The more the battery cells 204 deteriorate, the more the deviation of the remaining capacity of the battery cells 204 is likely to increase. The more rapidly the battery cells 204 deteriorate, the more the data analysis section 104 can shorten the time interval I. The data analysis section 104 can use the average of the deterioration rates of the battery cells 204 included in the battery module 202, or can use the worst value. Thus, the increase in the adjustment amount in the one-cell balancing process can be suppressed.

[0144] Figure 21 is a graph indicating an example of the deterioration detection of the battery cells 204. In this example, the deterioration is explained using the temporal change in the full charge capacity of the battery cells 204, but the deterioration can be detected from the temporal change in a characteristic other than the full charge capacity. The data analysis section 104 of this example detects the deviation amount D of the measured value of the full charge capacity of the battery cells 204 from the reference value of the full charge capacity as the deterioration amount of the battery cells 204. In Figure 21 the measured value of the full charge capacity is plotted by a circular mark. Further, a curve approximating each plotted point is indicated by a solid line.

[0145] The reference value of the full charge capacity can be obtained from a reference characteristic of the full charge capacity. The reference characteristic of the full charge capacity is a characteristic indicating the change in the full charge capacity of the battery cells 204 with respect to the number of charge and discharge cycles. The reference characteristic of the full charge capacity can be a design value obtained from the manufacturer of the battery cells 204 or a statistical value obtained by statistics. The reference characteristic of the battery cells 204 can also be recorded in advance in the data analysis section 104. In addition, the data analysis section 104 can correct the reference characteristic based on the temperature, the standing time in the full charge state or the minimum charge state, or the like of the battery cells 204. The data analysis section 104 can also calculate the deviation speed at which the battery cells 204 deviate from the reference characteristic from the relationship between the number of charge and discharge cycles and the deviation amount D.

[0146] The data analysis section 104 can adjust the time interval I explained in Figure 20 based on the deviation amount D or the deviation speed. In the case where the deviation amount D or the deviation speed is equal to or greater than a prescribed reference value, the data analysis section 104 can shorten the time interval I. In Figure 21 the example of , the time interval II is adjusted to I2 at the timing when the deviation amount D becomes equal to or greater than the reference value. Further, in the case where the deviation amount D is equal to or greater than the reference value, the data analysis section 104 can also notify the battery management device 206 of this case.

[0147] Further, in the case where the deviation tendency of the characteristic of the battery cells 204 from the reference characteristic changes, the data analysis section 104 can also shorten the time interval I. For example, in the case where the difference between the present measured value and the approximate curve approximating the measured values up to the last time is equal to or greater than a prescribed value, the data analysis section 104 can determine that the deviation tendency changes. InFigure 21 In the example, when the divergence tendency changes, the time interval I2 is adjusted to I3. Furthermore, if the divergence amount D is above the reference value, the data analysis unit 104 can notify the battery management device 206 of this situation.

[0148] Figure 22 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the analysis content in the data analysis unit 104. In this example, the data analysis unit 104 generates fault data indicating that the battery cell 204 has malfunctioned based on the analysis results of the analysis data. Figure 4 As shown, the data transmission unit 106 can send transmission data containing fault data to the battery management device 206.

[0149] In this example, the data analysis unit 104 generates fault data based on the time-dependent change in the full-charge capacity Qmax of the battery cell 204. If the decrease in full-charge capacity calculated based on the current analysis data, relative to the full-charge capacity calculated based on the previous analysis data, by the amount ΔQ, exceeds a predetermined reference value, the data analysis unit 104 can determine that the battery cell 204 has malfunctioned. Therefore, it is possible to detect electrode peeling or other rapid characteristic changes and notify the battery management device 206. Furthermore, the characteristics used for fault determination are not limited to full-charge capacity.

[0150] Figure 23 This diagram illustrates another example of the analysis content in the data analysis unit 104. In this example, the data analysis unit 104 detects whether the battery cell 204 has been replaced based on the analysis results of the analysis data.

[0151] In this example, the data analysis unit 104 detects whether the battery cell 204 has been replaced based on the change in its full-charge capacity Qmax over time. If the increase in full-charge capacity calculated based on the current analysis data compared to the full-charge capacity calculated based on the previous analysis data, +Q, exceeds a predetermined benchmark value, the data analysis unit 104 can determine that the battery cell 204 has been replaced. The data analysis unit 104 can also determine that the battery cell 204 has been replaced based on the magnitude of changes in characteristics other than full-charge capacity, such as differential characteristics.

[0152] Figure 24 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the actions of the data analysis unit 104. Figure 24 Analysis data 1 and 2 represent the time series recorded by the analysis data recording unit 108. The timing of analysis data 1 and 2 for measuring the characteristics of battery cell 204 is different.

[0153] In this example, the measurement unit 208 assigns measurement data Ce to the identification data allocation unit for each battery cell 204 based on the position of each battery cell 204 in the battery module 202. For example, the measurement unit 208...Figure 15 Each voltage meter 215 assignment unit shown assigns cell identification data Ce. Therefore, even in a case where any one of the battery cells 204 in the battery module 202 is replaced, the same cell identification data Ce is assigned to the battery cell 204 before replacement and the battery cell 204 after replacement. In this case, if the measurement data is managed in the analysis device 100 on a per-cell identification data Ce basis, the measurement data of the battery cell 204 before replacement and the measurement data of the battery cell 204 after replacement are mixedly managed. In this case, sometimes the characteristics of the battery cell 204 cannot be analyzed with high precision.

[0154] The data analysis section 104 of the present example assigns new cell identification data Ce to the battery cell 204 corresponding to the same cell identification data Ce on the basis of the history of the measurement data corresponding to the same cell identification data Ce. For example, as explained in Figure 23 , in a case where the change in the full charge capacity calculated on the basis of the history of the measurement data is equal to or greater than a reference value, the data analysis section 104 judges that the battery cell 204 is replaced and updates the cell identification data Ce of the battery cell 204. In Figure 24 , the cell identification data Cel2 is updated to the cell identification data Cel2b. Thereby, the mixed management of the measurement data of the battery cell 204 before replacement and the battery cell 204 after replacement can be prevented.

[0155] Figure 25 is a view showing another configuration example of the battery module 202. The battery module 202 of the present example includes a BMS 230 (Battery Management System: battery management system) that manages the battery module 202. The BMS 230 can be Figure 2 the battery management device 206 shown in , or can be a circuit capable of communicating with the battery management device 206. The BMS 230 notifies the remaining capacity meter 240 of the estimated remaining capacity of the battery cell 204. The BMS 230 can notify the estimated remaining capacity of a single battery cell 204, or can notify the sum of the estimated remaining capacities of a plurality of battery cells 204.

[0156] The remaining capacity meter 240 can be mounted on the battery module 202, or can be disposed outside the battery module 202. The remaining capacity meter 240 displays information related to the notified estimated remaining capacity.

[0157] The data analysis unit 104 can compare the estimated remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 notified by the BMS 230 with the analyzed remaining capacity of the battery cell 204 analyzed based on measurement data. The data transmission unit 106 can transmit transmission data containing the comparison result. Thus, the battery management device 206 can be notified whether the estimated remaining capacity displayed by the capacity meter 240 is accurate. The comparison result can be the difference between the estimated remaining capacity and the analyzed remaining capacity.

[0158] Various embodiments of the present invention can be described with reference to flowcharts and block diagrams, in which modules can represent (1) stages of a process for performing an operation or (2) portions of a device having the function of performing an operation. Specific stages and portions can be implemented by dedicated circuitry, programmable circuitry supplied together with computer-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium, or processor supplied together with computer-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium. Dedicated circuitry may include at least one of digital hardware circuitry and analog hardware circuitry, and may also include at least one of integrated circuits (ICs) and discrete circuitry. Programmable circuitry may include reconfigurable hardware circuitry, which includes logic AND, logic OR, logic XOR, logic NAND, logic NOR and other logic operations, flip-flops, registers, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic arrays (PLAs), and other memory elements.

[0159] Computer-readable media can include any tangible device capable of storing instructions executable by a suitable device. Consequently, a computer-readable medium having instructions stored therein includes an article containing instructions executable by means of a flowchart or block diagram. Examples of computer-readable media include: electronic storage media, magnetic storage media, optical storage media, electromagnetic storage media, semiconductor storage media, etc. More specific examples of computer-readable media include: floppy disks, magnetic disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), static random access memory (SRAM), optical disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multipurpose disc (DVD), Blu-ray (RTM) disc, memory stick, integrated circuit card, etc.

[0160] Computer-readable instructions include any one of source code and object code described by any combination of one or more programming languages, including assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, status setting data, or object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, JAVA (registered trademark), C++, and existing procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages.

[0161] The computer readable instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, implement the functions / acts specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks. For example, the computer readable instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus via a local or wide area network, the Internet, or other means.

[0162] Figure 26 The computer 2200 is an example of a machine that can implement various ways of the present application in whole or in part. The computer 2200, by virtue of its programming, can be capable of carrying out functions associated with the embodiments of the present application or one or more portions of the embodiments of the present application, or the computer 2200 can be capable of carrying out a process or a stage of a process associated with the embodiments of the present application. The computer 2200 can be capable of carrying out the specific operations of several or all of the modules of the flowcharts and block diagrams disclosed herein by virtue of its programming.

[0163] The computer 2200 of the present embodiment includes a CPU 2212, a RAM 2214, a graphics controller 2216, and a display device 2218, which are connected to each other via a host controller 2210. The computer 2200 further includes a communication interface 2222, a hard disk drive 2224, a DVD-ROM drive 2226, and an input / output unit such as an IC card drive, which are connected to the host controller 2210 via an input / output controller 2220. The computer further includes a ROM 2230 and a conventional input / output unit such as a keyboard 2242, which are connected to the input / output controller 2220 via an input / output chip 2240.

[0164] The CPU 2212 acts in accordance with the programs stored in the ROM 2230 and the RAM 2214, thereby controlling the units. The graphics controller 2216 acquires image data generated by the CPU 2212 in a frame buffer or the like provided in the RAM 2214 or in itself, and displays the image data on the display device 2218.

[0165] The communication interface 2222 is capable of communicating with other electronic devices via a network. The hard disk drive 2224 stores programs and data used by the CPU 2212 in the computer 2200. The DVD-ROM drive 2226 reads programs or data from the DVD-ROM 2201, and provides the programs or data to the hard disk drive 2224 via the RAM 2214. The IC card drive reads programs and data from an IC card or writes programs and data to the IC card.

[0166] The ROM 2230 stores therein a boot program or the like executed by the computer 2200 at activation time or a program depending on the hardware of the computer 2200. The input / output chip 2240 can also connect various input / output units to the input / output controller 2220 via a parallel port, a serial port, a keyboard port, a mouse port, or the like.

[0167] A program is provided from a computer-readable medium such as a DVD-ROM 2201 or an IC card. The program is read from the computer-readable medium and installed in the hard disk drive 2224, the RAM 2214, or the ROM 2230, which are also examples of computer-readable media, and executed by the CPU 2212. Information processing described within these programs is read to the computer 2200, thereby bringing about cooperation between the program and various types of hardware resources described above. An apparatus or a method can be constituted by accompanying use of the computer 2200 to implement operation or processing of information.

[0168] For example, in a case where communication is performed between the computer 2200 and an external device, the CPU 2212 can execute a communication program loaded in the RAM 2214, instruct a communication process to the communication interface 2222 based on processing described in the communication program. The communication interface 2222 reads transmission data stored in a transmission buffer processing area provided in the RAM 2214, the hard disk drive 2224, the DVD-ROM 2201, or a recording medium such as an IC card under the control of the CPU 2212, transmits the read transmission data to a network, or writes reception data received from the network to a reception buffer processing area provided on the recording medium, or the like.

[0169] Further, the CPU 2212 can read all or a necessary part of a file or a database stored in the hard disk drive 2224, the DVD-ROM drive 2226 (DVD-ROM 2201), an external recording medium such as an IC card, to the RAM 2214, and execute various types of processing on the data on the RAM 2214. Subsequently, the CPU 2212 writes the processed data back to the external recording medium.

[0170] Various types of information such as various types of programs, data, tables, and databases can be stored in the recording medium and subjected to information processing. The CPU 2212 performs various types of processing described throughout the present disclosure on data read from the RAM 2214, including various types of operations, information processing, conditional judgments, conditional branching, unconditional branching, search or replacement of information, and the like, which are specified by an instruction sequence of a program, and writes the results back to the RAM 2214. Further, the CPU 2212 can search for information in a file, a database, or the like within the recording medium. For example, in a case where a plurality of entries each having an attribute value of a first attribute associated with an attribute value of a second attribute are stored within the recording medium, the CPU 2212 can search for an entry that coincides with a condition that specifies an attribute value of the first attribute from among the plurality of entries, and read an attribute value of the second attribute stored within the entry, thereby acquiring an attribute value of the second attribute associated with the first attribute that satisfies a predetermined condition.

[0171] The program or software module described above can be stored in a computer-readable medium on or near the computer 2200. Further, a recording medium such as a hard disk or a RAM provided within a server system connected to a dedicated communication network or the Internet can be used as the computer-readable medium, whereby the program is provided to the computer 2200 via the network.

[0172] The above describes the present application by way of embodiments, but the technical scope of the present application is not limited to the range described in the above embodiments. It is apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be made to the above-described embodiments. It is understood that such changes or modifications can be included in the technical scope of the present application, as defined by the claims.

[0173] The order of execution of the processes of the various types of processing such as actions, processes, steps, and stages shown in the claims, the specification, and the drawings is not particularly indicated as "earlier," "before," or the like, and in addition, it should be noted that the processes can be implemented in any order as long as the output of the previous process is not used in the subsequent process. With regard to the flow of actions in the claims, the specification, and the drawings, even if the description is made using "first," "next," or the like for convenience of explanation, it does not mean that the processes must be implemented in that order.

[0174] Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0175] 10 analysis system, 12 network, 100 analysis device, 102 data acquisition section, 104 data analysis section, 106 data transmission section, 108 analysis data recording section, 110 reference characteristic recording section, 200 analysis data transmission section, 202 battery module, 204 battery cell, 206 battery management device, 208 measurement section, 211 positive terminal, 212 negative terminal, 213 discharge switch, 214 discharge resistor, 215 voltage meter, 216 current meter, 218 negative electrode, 220 graphite layer, 222 lithium ion, 230 BMS, 240 remaining capacity meter, 2200 computer, 2201 DVD-ROM, 2210 main controller, 2212 CPU, 2214 RAM, 2216 graphics controller, 2218 display device, 2220 input / output controller, 2222 communication interface, 2224 hard disk drive, 2226 DVD-ROM drive, 2230 ROM, 2240 input / output chip, 2242 keyboard.

Claims

1. An analytical apparatus, characterized in that... include: The data acquisition unit acquires analytical data via a network. The analytical data includes measurement data that measures characteristics related to the charging and discharging of one or more battery cells contained in the battery module, and identification data that identifies at least one of the battery module and the battery cells. The data analysis unit analyzes characteristics related to the charging capacity of at least one of the battery cells based on the analysis data obtained by the data acquisition unit. as well as The data transmission unit transmits data corresponding to the analysis results in the data analysis unit via the network. The identification data includes cell identification data that identifies the battery cell. The battery cell is identified based on the cell identification data. Based on the historical records of the measurement data corresponding to the same unit identification data, the data analysis unit assigns new unit identification data to the battery unit corresponding to the same unit identification data. If the change in full charge capacity calculated based on the historical records of the measurement data is above a benchmark value, the data analysis unit determines that the battery cell has been replaced and updates the cell identification data of the battery cell.

2. The analytical apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition unit acquires the identification data corresponding to the module identification data for identifying the battery module and the unit identification data for identifying the battery cell. The data analysis unit analyzes the characteristics related to the charging capacity of each battery module.

3. The analytical apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an analysis data recording unit, which records the measurement data and the identification data acquired by the data acquisition unit over time.

4. The analytical apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The data analysis unit assigns new identification data to the battery cell corresponding to the same identification data based on the historical records of the measurement data corresponding to the same identification data.

5. The analytical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Based on the analysis results, the data analysis unit generates control data for controlling the battery unit. The data transmission unit transmits the transmission data containing the control data.

6. The analytical apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The data analysis unit calculates the remaining capacity of each battery cell within the battery module based on the measurement data. The data analysis unit generates the control data, which causes at least one of the battery cells whose remaining capacity is not the smallest to discharge, thereby reducing the difference in remaining capacity between the battery cell with the smallest remaining capacity and the one with the smallest remaining capacity.

7. The analytical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Based on the analysis results, the data analysis unit generates replacement period data indicating when the battery cell should be replaced. The data transmission unit transmits the transmission data containing the replacement period data.

8. The analytical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Based on the analysis results, the data analysis unit generates fault data indicating that the battery cell has malfunctioned. The data transmission unit transmits the transmission data containing the fault data.

9. The analytical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The data analysis unit analyzes characteristics related to the charging capacity of the battery cell based on the differential characteristics of the voltage-capacity characteristics during charging or discharging.

10. The analytical apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The data acquisition unit acquires the analytical data, which includes temperature data representing the temperature of the battery cell during the measurement of the voltage-capacity characteristics. The data analysis unit corrects the analysis based on the differential characteristics based on the temperature of the battery cell.

11. The analytical apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The analysis device further includes a reference characteristic recording unit that records the reference characteristics of the differential characteristics of each of the battery cells. The reference characteristic has one or more reference feature points. The data analysis unit analyzes the battery cell based on the measured feature points in the differential characteristics and the reference feature points in the reference characteristics.

12. The analytical apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that, The reference characteristic recording unit records at least one of the reference characteristics when the battery cell is being charged and the reference characteristics when the battery cell is being discharged. The data analysis unit selects the benchmark characteristic to compare with the differential characteristic based on whether the measurement data of the battery cell is during charging or discharging.

13. The analytical apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The data analysis unit calculates the degradation rate of the battery cell based on the degradation amount of the battery cell calculated according to the differential characteristics.

14. The analytical apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that, Based on the degradation rate of the battery cell, the data analysis unit calculates the measurement interval at which data related to the charge and discharge of the battery cell should be measured. The data transmission unit transmits the transmission data corresponding to the measurement interval.

15. The analytical apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The data analysis unit calculates the divergence rate of the charging capacity between the two or more battery cells based on the divergence amount of the charging capacity between the two or more battery cells calculated according to the differential characteristics of the two or more battery cells.

16. The analytical apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that, The data analysis unit calculates the measurement interval for measuring data related to the charge and discharge of the two or more battery cells based on the divergence speed of the two or more battery cells. The data transmission unit transmits the transmission data corresponding to the measurement interval.

17. The analytical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The unit identification data is based on the location of the battery unit.

18. The analytical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The unit identification data is data allocated according to the voltmeter corresponding to each battery unit.

19. An analysis system, characterized in that... include: The analytical apparatus as described in any one of claims 1 to 18; as well as The analysis data transmission unit transmits the analysis data to the analysis device via the network.

20. An analytical method, characterized in that... include: During the measurement phase, measurement data is generated that measures the characteristics related to the charging and discharging of one or more battery cells contained in the battery module. During the data transmission phase for analysis, data for analysis is transmitted via a network. The data for analysis includes the measurement data and identification data that identifies at least one of the battery module and the battery cell. During the data acquisition phase, the data for analysis is acquired via the network. In the data analysis phase, based on the analysis data obtained in the data acquisition phase, characteristics related to the charging capacity of at least one of the battery cells are analyzed. as well as During the results transmission phase, data corresponding to the analysis results from the data analysis phase is transmitted via the network. The identification data includes cell identification data that identifies the battery cell. The battery cell is identified based on the cell identification data. The data analysis phase includes the following steps: based on the historical records of the measurement data corresponding to the same unit identification data, assigning new unit identification data to the battery unit corresponding to the same unit identification data. The data analysis phase includes the following steps: if the change in full charge capacity calculated based on the historical records of the measurement data is above a benchmark value, it is determined that the battery cell has been replaced, and the cell identification data of the battery cell is updated.

21. The analytical method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The unit identification data is based on the location of the battery unit.

22. The analytical method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The unit identification data is data allocated according to the voltmeter corresponding to each battery unit.

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