An automatic hole-fertilizing trolley

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic hole-fertilizing trolley, which comprises a housing, a vehicle body, a transmission mechanism and a fertilizer discharging mechanism. The housing is installed on the vehicle body, and the transmission mechanism is installed in the housing. The lower ends of the corresponding components of the transmission mechanism pass through the housing and extend to the lower part of the vehicle body, and the fertilizer discharging mechanism is installed at the lower ends of the corresponding components of the transmission mechanism. The components of the transmission mechanism and the fertilizer discharging mechanism are driven by the running of the vehicle body to generate regular reciprocating up-and-down movements. The fertilizer discharging mechanism applies a force to the soil to form a pit on the soil surface, and the fertilizer is applied into the pit. At the same time, the soil loosening needles at the bottom of the fertilizer discharging cylinder loosen the soil, and the soil covering device covers the fertilizer by covering the loosened soil on the fertilizer. The hole-fertilizing trolley can adjust the fertilizing depth and the fertilizing amount, does not damage the seedlings, does not require power drive, has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost and is convenient to use. For some individual farmers, vegetable farmers, etc., it provides a simple structure, reduces the labor intensity of people, and can realize hole-fertilizing for crops planted by various hole-sowing technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an agricultural machinery device, and particularly to an automatic hole-fertilizing trolley. Background Art

[0002] At present, a large number of food crops are planted in rural areas of our country by hole-sowing technology, such as corn, sorghum, etc. After these crops grow into small seedlings, they still need to be top-dressed many times to supplement the deficiency of the base fertilizer and meet the nutritional requirements of the plants in the middle and later stages. However, for a long time, due to insufficient fertilization technology, the fertilization method is basically ditch strip fertilization, that is, continuously opening ditches and breaking the soil for top-dressing along the side of the small seedlings, and a large amount of fertilizer is still applied in the open area between two small seedlings. The problems brought by this fertilization technology are that the amount of chemical fertilizer applied is large, the fertilizer loss is large, resulting in a large amount of waste, and at the same time, the soil quality becomes poor, the land becomes compacted, and subsequently the grain yield decreases and the grain quality deteriorates; second, the loss of chemical fertilizer to the atmosphere and water body increases, causing agricultural pollution. And some farmers with less hole-sowing planting area directly scatter chemical fertilizers on the ridges. In this way, only 30% of the fertility is absorbed by the crops, and the waste is greater. It is also easy for chemical fertilizer particles to fall on the seedlings and burn the seedlings.

[0003] In recent years, driven by precision agriculture technology, the fertilization technology has also developed towards high efficiency and energy conservation, and the hole-fertilization technology has emerged. That is, when the seeds of corn and sorghum grow into small seedlings and need top-dressing, the hole-fertilization technology is adopted. A small pit is dug 4-6 cm away from each hole of small seedlings for fertilization and then the soil is covered. The chemical fertilizer slowly dissolves in the soil, allowing the small seedlings to fully absorb the fertility for a long time during the growth process, ensuring that the fertilizer exerts the greatest effect. However, in actual production, due to the underdevelopment of the hole-fertilization technology and the extremely few hole-fertilization machines and tools, most of them adopt the spraying fertilization technology. However, the spraying fertilization technology is only applicable to crops with less fertilizer demand by the seedlings, because the high concentration will burn the seedlings. For the existing fertilization machines and tools, adopting soil hole-fertilization is likely to cause mechanical damage to the seedlings, and the effect is not good, and it is difficult to meet the needs of people's production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to solve the difficulties in the background art, and provide an automatic hole-fertilizing trolley with a simple structure, which can reduce the labor intensity of people and can perform hole-fertilization on crops planted by various hole-sowing technologies for some individual farmers, vegetable farmers, etc. with less hole-sowing planting area.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] An automatic hole-fertilizing trolley of the present invention, as shown in the attached drawings, includes a housing 1, a vehicle body, a transmission mechanism and a fertilizer discharging mechanism. The housing 1 is installed on the vehicle body, the transmission mechanism is installed in the housing, the lower ends of the corresponding components of the transmission mechanism pass through the housing and protrude below the vehicle body, and the fertilizer discharging mechanism is installed at the lower ends of the corresponding components of the transmission mechanism. The components of the transmission mechanism and the fertilizer discharging mechanism are driven by the running of the vehicle body to generate regular reciprocating up and down movements. The fertilizer discharging mechanism applies a force to the soil to form a pit on the soil surface, and the fertilizer is applied into the pit and covered with soil.

[0007] The said housing 1 includes an upper cover 13, a partition plate 14, a lower cylinder 16, and a bottom plate 25;

[0008] The said lower cylinder 16 is a cylindrical barrel made of metal. The lower end of the barrel is closed by the bottom plate 25, the partition plate 14 is fixedly installed at the upper end, and the upper cover 13 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the partition plate 14.

[0009] Central holes are made in the centers of the upper cover 13, the partition plate 14 and the bottom plate 25. Four circular holes evenly distributed are also made around the central hole of the partition plate 14, as Figure 9 shown.

[0010] The said transmission mechanism includes a lower pulley 5, a conveyor belt 8, an upper pulley 9, a damper 10, a transmission shaft assembly 11, a large spring 12, a gear 17, a gear shaft 18, and a screw 32. The transmission shaft assembly 11 includes a rack 19, a shoulder 20, a thread 22, a feed port 29, and a threaded hole 30.

[0011] The transmission shaft assembly 11 is in the shape of a vertical long shaft. The upper part of the long shaft is provided with a shoulder 20. An axial long groove is machined on the cylindrical surface on one side below the shoulder 20, and the bottom of the long groove is made into a rack 19. A central hole concentric with the long shaft is made at the lower end of the transmission shaft assembly 11. A threaded hole 30 is made at the center of the upper bottom of the central hole. The feed port 29 is located on the outer cylindrical surface of the upper part of the central hole and is connected to the central hole in the radial direction.

[0012] The lower end of the outer cylindrical surface of the said transmission shaft assembly 11 shrinks inward, and a thread 22 is made on the upper part of the shrunk outer cylindrical surface.

[0013] The said transmission shaft assembly 11 is vertically installed inside the housing 1. The lower end passes through the central holes of the partition plate 14 and the bottom plate 25 and protrudes outside the bottom plate 25. The upper end passes through the central hole of the upper cover 13. The shoulder 20 is located above the partition plate 14. The large spring 12 is installed on the partition plate 14, sleeved on the transmission shaft assembly 11 and connected to the shoulder 20, and the transmission shaft assembly 11 is supported by the shoulder 20.

[0014] The described gear shaft 18 passes horizontally through the barrel wall of the lower barrel 16 of the housing 1 and can rotate freely. A gear 7 is fixedly installed in the middle of the gear shaft 18. The gear 17 meshes with the rack 19, and the rotation of the gear 17 can drive the rack 19 and the transmission shaft assembly 11 to move intermittently up and down.

[0015] One side of the described gear shaft 18 extends outside the lower barrel 16, and an upper pulley 9 is fixedly installed at the shaft end. The upper pulley 9 is connected to a lower pulley 5 fixed on a corresponding component of the vehicle body through a conveyor belt 8.

[0016] A damper 10 is sleeved on the shaft diameter above the shaft shoulder 20. The damper 10 is made of a metal ring, and the inner hole of the ring and the shaft diameter are connected by a clearance fit.

[0017] The described gear 9 is an incomplete gear.

[0018] An incomplete gear is a transmission part in a mechanical device. The driving gear only has one or several teeth. According to the requirements of the movement time and the rest time, teeth meshing with the driving gear are made on the driven gear, and the rest part is a locking arc. When the two gear teeth enter into meshing, like in gear transmission, the part without teeth is positioned by the locking arc to make the driven gear stationary.

[0019] The described fertilizer discharging mechanism includes: a fertilizer discharging barrel 4, a material barrel 15, a soft rubber tube 21, a nut 23, a small spring 24, a screw 26, a concave ring 27, a soil breaker 28, a hose clamp 33, a soil covering device 39, and a soil loosening needle 43.

[0020] The described material barrel 15 is fixed on the inner wall of the lower barrel 16 and is connected to the feed inlet 29 through a soft rubber tube 21.

[0021] A hose clamp 33 is provided on the described soft rubber tube 21.

[0022] The upper end of the described screw 26 has a thread and is screwed into the threaded hole 30 of the transmission shaft assembly 11. The bottom of the screw 26 is provided with a threaded central hole and is connected to the soil breaker 28.

[0023] The described nut 23 is screwed with the thread 22. A small spring 24 is installed at the bottom of the nut 23. The fertilizer discharging barrel 4 is sleeved on the lower end of the vertical shaft assembly 11 and is connected with the outer cylindrical surface at the lower end of the vertical shaft assembly 11 in a mating connection and can slide up and down relative to the outer cylindrical surface at the lower end of the vertical shaft assembly 11. The upper end of the fertilizer discharging barrel 4 is connected to the lower end of the small spring 24.

[0024] The described soil breaker 28 is a rotating body. Threads are made on the upper small cylinder and are connected to the threaded hole in the central hole at the bottom of the screw 26. There is a conical surface transition between the upper small cylinder and the lower large cylinder. An concave ring 27 is formed between the upper small cylindrical surface, the conical surface and the bottom end surface of the screw 16. The bottom of the soil breaker 28 is a cone.

[0025] The bottom of the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4 is provided with a central hole. By adjusting the position of the upper and lower adjusting nut 23 on the thread 22, the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4 can be driven to move up and down, so that the lower large cylinder of the soil breaking device 28 is located at the central hole at the bottom of the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4, closing the central hole.

[0026] On the rear half circle of the outer circle at the bottom of the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4, there are soil loosening needles 43, and the soil loosening needles 43 are inclined forward at an angle of 20 - 30 degrees.

[0027] The soil covering device 39 is in a semi - circular ring shape, suspended at the rear side of the bottom of the nut 23, and the radius of its semi - circular ring is larger than the radius of the bottom circle of the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4.

[0028] The vehicle body includes wheels 2, a vehicle board 3, a groove 6, an axle 7, a fixing ring 31, screws 32, support feet 34, clamping columns 35, a rotating shaft 36, a handle 37, a brake block 38, a transmission rod 40, a square hole 41, and a handlebar 42.

[0029] The vehicle board 3 is a rectangular board, with a square hole 41 made in the middle of the rectangle. The axle 7 passes horizontally through the vehicle board 3 and can rotate freely within the vehicle board 3. On the upper plane of the vehicle board 3, there is a fixing ring 31 with a circular protrusion, and the housing 1 is fixedly installed within the fixing ring 31. The fertilizer discharging mechanism extends out from the rear end of the square hole 41 to the lower part of the vehicle board.

[0030] One end of the axle 7 is axially provided with a groove 6, and a lower pulley 5 is installed on the groove 6 through a screw 32. When the screw 32 is loosened, the lower pulley 5 can slide axially along the groove 6. When the screw 32 is tightened, the lower pulley 5 is fixed on the axle 7.

[0031] The wheels 2 are fixedly installed at both ends of the axle 7, and there is no relative rotation between the two.

[0032] The vehicle board 3 is fixedly installed with a handlebar 42 at the rear side. A handle 37 for braking is installed on the left rod of the handlebar 42, and the brake block 38 is driven to slide back and forth through a transmission rod 40 embedded in the left rod to hold or release the wheels.

[0033] On the inner side of the right rod of the handlebar 42, a rotating shaft 36 is fixedly installed, and a support foot 34 that can rotate around the rotating shaft 36 is installed on the rotating shaft 36. The front end of the support foot 34 is placed on the vehicle board 3. When the support foot 34 rotates backward and is stuck on the clamping column 35, the handlebar 42 together with the vehicle body can be supported.

[0034] As can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention above, the beneficial effects of the automatic hole-fertilizing trolley of the present invention are as follows: (1) When the trolley is pushed forward, the wheels drive the axle to rotate, causing the lower pulley fixed on the axle to drive the upper pulley to rotate. The upper pulley drives the gear shaft and the incomplete gear to rotate. The incomplete gear first lifts the drive shaft assembly upward through the rack, and the large spring is stretched. After the drive shaft assembly rises to a certain height, the toothed part of the incomplete gear disengages from the rack. Under the restoring force of the large spring and the action of gravity, the drive shaft assembly drives the fertilizer discharging mechanism to quickly fall, and the tip of the soil breaker penetrates into the soil to a certain depth. Since the bottom area of the fertilizer discharging cylinder is large and the soil resistance is large, the small spring is compressed and moves upward. The concave ring formed by the soil breaker and the screw drives the fertilizer to protrude from the bottom end of the fertilizer discharging cylinder and fall into the soil. Then, under the restoring force of the large spring, the drive shaft assembly is lifted upward. The soil breaker first retracts upward from the outer end of the fertilizer discharger to block the round hole at the lower end of the fertilizer discharging cylinder. Then, the fertilizer discharging cylinder moves upward together with the drive shaft assembly and the screw. At the same time, the soil loosening needle at the bottom of the fertilizer discharging cylinder loosens the soil, and the soil covering device covers the soil on top of the fertilizer. When the drive shaft assembly is lifted upward under the restoring force of the large spring, it meets the damper that is still falling, causing the vibration of the drive shaft assembly to rapidly decay; (2) The hole-fertilizing trolley can adjust the fertilizing depth and amount of fertilizer, and will not damage the seedlings; (3) It does not require power drive, has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and is easy to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic hole-fertilizing trolley of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of an automatic hole-fertilizing trolley of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic A-A cross-sectional view of an automatic hole-fertilizing trolley of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle body part of an automatic hole-fertilizing trolley of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drive shaft assembly of an automatic hole-fertilizing trolley of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic B-B cross-sectional view of an automatic hole-fertilizing trolley of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the screw and the soil breaker of an automatic hole-fertilizing trolley of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the soil covering device of an automatic hole-fertilizing trolley of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic top view of the partition of an automatic hole-fertilizing trolley according to the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 1. housing, 2. wheel, 3. car board, 4. fertilizer discharging cylinder, 5. lower tower pulley, 6. groove, 7. axle, 8. conveyor belt, 9. upper tower pulley, 10. damper, 11. drive shaft assembly, 12. large spring, 13. upper cover, 14. partition, 15. material cylinder, 16. lower cylinder, 17. gear, 18. gear shaft, 19. rack, 20. shaft shoulder, 21. soft rubber tube, 22. thread, 23. nut, 24. small spring, 25. bottom plate, 26. screw rod, 27. concave ring, 28. soil breaker, 29. feeding port, 30. threaded hole, 31. positioning ring, 32. screw, 33. pipe clamp, 34. support leg, 35. clamping post, 36. rotating shaft, 37. handle, 38. brake block, 39. soil covering device, 40. transmission rod, 41. square hole fertilizer, 42. car handle soil, 43. soil loosening needle. Specific embodiments

[0045] Next, in combination with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] Next, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] An automatic hole-fertilizing trolley of the present invention is mainly aimed at some individual farmers, vegetable farmers, etc. with a relatively small area of hole sowing. It provides an automatic hole-fertilizing trolley with a simple structure, which can reduce the labor intensity of people and realize hole fertilization for crops planted by various hole sowing technologies, so as to realize fertilization for crops sown by hole sowing technology.

[0048] The housing 1 includes an upper cover 13, a partition 14, a lower cylinder 16, and a bottom plate 25. The lower cylinder 16 is a metal cylinder, the lower end of the cylinder is closed by the bottom plate 25, the partition 14 is fixedly installed at the upper end, and the upper cover 13 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the partition 14.

[0049] The transmission mechanism includes a lower tower pulley 5, a conveyor belt 8, an upper tower pulley 9, a damper 10, a drive shaft assembly 11, a large spring 12, a gear 17, a gear shaft 18, and a screw 32. The drive shaft assembly 11 includes a rack 19, a shaft shoulder 20, a thread 22, a feeding port 29, and a threaded hole 30.

[0050] The drive shaft assembly 11 is in the shape of a vertical long shaft. The upper part of the long shaft is provided with a shaft shoulder 20. An axial long groove is machined on the cylindrical surface on one side below the shaft shoulder 20, and a rack 19 is made at the bottom of the long groove. The lower end of the drive shaft assembly 11 is provided with a long central hole concentric with the long shaft. A threaded hole 30 is made at the center of the upper bottom of the central hole. The feed port 29 is located on the outer cylindrical surface above the central hole and is connected to the central hole in the radial direction. The outer cylindrical surface of a section at the lower end of the drive shaft assembly 11 shrinks inward, and a thread 22 is made on the upper part of the shrunk outer cylindrical surface.

[0051] The drive shaft assembly 11 is vertically installed inside the housing 1. The lower end passes through the central holes of the partition plate 14 and the bottom plate 25 and extends out of the bottom plate 25. The upper end passes through the central hole of the upper cover 13. The shaft shoulder 20 is located above the partition plate 14. A large spring 12 is installed on the partition plate 14. The large spring 12 is sleeved on the drive shaft assembly 11 and connected to the shaft shoulder 20, and the drive shaft assembly 11 is supported by the shaft shoulder 20 and suspended inside the housing 1.

[0052] The gear shaft 18 horizontally passes through the cylinder wall of the lower cylinder 16 of the housing 1 and can rotate freely. An incomplete gear 7 is fixedly installed in the middle of the gear shaft 18. The gear 17 meshes with the rack 19. The rotation of the gear 17 can drive the rack 19 and the drive shaft assembly 11 to move up and down intermittently. Since the rack 19 is located at the bottom of the long groove, the meshing relationship between the gear 17 and the rack 19 can be ensured, and the drive shaft assembly 11 will not rotate and the gear 17 will not shift.

[0053] One side of the gear shaft 18 extends outside the lower cylinder 16, and an upper pulley 9 is fixedly installed at the shaft end. The upper pulley 9 is connected to a lower pulley 5 fixed on a corresponding component on the vehicle body through a conveyor belt 8.

[0054] A damper 10 is sleeved on the shaft diameter above the shaft shoulder 20. The damper 10 is made of a metal ring, and the inner hole of the ring and the shaft diameter are connected by a clearance fit.

[0055] In order to enable the drive shaft assembly 11 to move up and down reciprocally, the gear 17 adopts an incomplete gear. When the gear shaft 18 drives the gear 17 to rotate, the device forms an intermittent transmission mechanism.

[0056] An incomplete gear has only one or a part of the teeth made on the driving gear. According to the requirements of the motion time and the rest time, the teeth meshing with the driving gear are made on the driven gear or the rack. The rest part is a locking arc. When the two teeth enter into meshing, like the gear drive, the toothless part is positioned by the locking arc to make the driven gear or the rack stationary. The incomplete gear mechanism has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and works reliably. The motion time and the rest time of the driven gear or the rack can vary within a large range. However, there is a large impact when the driven gear starts to enter and disengage from meshing, so it is generally only used in low-speed and light-load occasions. In this solution, the vehicle body is pushed manually to drive the mechanical motion of the transmission device, which belongs to an extremely slow speed. Therefore, the intermittent mechanism of the incomplete gear is selected as the power and transmission device, which is suitable for the fertilizing action of the complete device.

[0057] The fertilizer discharging mechanism includes: a fertilizer discharging cylinder 4, a material cylinder 15, a soft rubber tube 21, a nut 23, a small spring 24, a screw rod 26, a concave ring 27, a soil breaker 28, a pipe clamp 33, a soil covering device 39, and a soil loosening needle 43.

[0058] The material cylinder 15 is fixed on the inner wall of the lower cylinder 16 and is connected to the feeding port 29 through the soft rubber tube 21. A hose clamp 33 is provided on the soft rubber tube 21 to control the falling speed of the fertilizer in the material cylinder 15.

[0059] The upper end of the screw rod 26 has threads and is screwed into the threaded hole 30 of the transmission shaft assembly 11. Here, the length of the threaded hole 30 is 10 - 15 cm to facilitate adjusting the distance between the screw rod 26 and the ground, and thus determine the fertilizing depth of the fertilizer discharger. The bottom of the screw rod 26 is provided with a threaded central hole and is connected to the soil breaker 28.

[0060] The nut 23 is screwed with the thread 22. A small spring 24 is installed at the bottom of the nut 23. The fertilizer discharging cylinder 4 is sleeved on the lower end of the vertical shaft assembly 11 and is connected in a mating manner with the outer cylindrical surface at the lower end of the vertical shaft assembly 11, and can slide up and down relative to the outer cylindrical surface at the lower end of the vertical shaft assembly 11. The upper end of the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4 is connected to the lower end of the small spring 24.

[0061] The soil breaker 28 is a rotating body. Threads are made on the upper small cylinder, which is connected to the threaded hole in the central hole at the bottom of the screw rod 26. There is a conical surface transition between the upper small cylinder and the lower large cylinder. An annular groove 27 is formed between the upper small cylindrical surface, the conical surface and the bottom end surface of the screw rod 16. The bottom of the soil breaker 28 is a cone, which is convenient for the cone to easily penetrate into the soil when the soil breaker 28 reciprocates.

[0062] The bottom of the fertilizer discharging tube 4 is provided with a central hole. By adjusting the position of the upper and lower adjusting nut 23 on the thread 22, the fertilizer discharging tube 4 can be driven to move up and down, so that the lower large cylinder of the soil breaking device 28 is located at the central hole at the bottom of the fertilizer discharging tube 4 to close the central hole. When the concave ring 27 is inside the fertilizer discharging tube 4, it is filled with fertilizer particles. When it extends out of the bottom of the fertilizer discharging tube 4, the fertilizer particles in the concave ring 27 fall into the soil. By adjusting the extending length of the soil breaking device 28 from the bottom of the screw rod 26 to change the size of the concave ring 27, the amount of hole fertilization can be adjusted.

[0063] The soil covering device 39 is semi-circular ring-shaped and is suspended at the rear side of the bottom of the nut 23. The radius of its semi-circular ring is larger than the radius of the bottom circle of the fertilizer discharging tube 4. In order to be able to cover the fertilizer after fertilization, soil loosening needles 43 are provided on the rear semi-circle of the outer circle at the bottom of the fertilizer discharging tube 4. The soil loosening needles 43 are inclined forward at an angle of 20 - 30 degrees. In this way, when the transmission shaft assembly 11 drives the screw rod 26 and the soil breaking device 28 to move obliquely upward forward, the soil loosening needles 43 can more easily loosen the soil at the rear side of the fertilizer pit, and the soil covering device 39 scrapes the loosened soil into the fertilizer pit to cover the fertilizer. Since the soil covering device 39 is suspended at the rear side of the bottom of the nut 23 and the radius of its semi-circular ring is larger than the radius of the bottom circle of the fertilizer discharging tube 4, it will not prevent the fertilizer discharging tube 4 from contacting the ground.

[0064] The vehicle body includes wheels 2, a vehicle board 3, a groove 6, an axle 7, a fixing ring 31, a screw 32, a support leg 34, a clamping post 35, a rotating shaft 36, a handle 37, a brake block 38, a transmission rod 40, a square hole 41, and a handlebar 42.

[0065] Among them, the vehicle board 3 is a rectangular board, and a square hole 41 is made in the middle of the rectangle. The axle 7 passes horizontally through the vehicle board 3 and can rotate freely within the vehicle board 3. A fixing ring 31 with a circular protrusion is provided on the upper plane of the vehicle board 3. The housing 1 is fixedly installed within the fixing ring 31. The fertilizer discharging mechanism extends out from the rear end of the square hole 41 to the lower part of the vehicle board. A groove 6 is axially made at one end of the axle 7, and a lower pulley 5 is installed on the groove 6 through a screw 32. When the screw 32 is loosened, the lower pulley 5 can slide axially along the groove 6. When the screw 32 is tightened, the lower pulley 5 is fixed on the axle 7. The wheels 2 are fixedly installed at both ends of the axle 7, and there is no relative rotation between them. Since the diameter of the wheels 2 is relatively large, the torque for the rotation of the axle 7 can be increased to drive the operation of the transmission mechanism, but the transmission ratio of the lower pulley 5 to the upper pulley 9 needs to be greater than 1. Different transmission ratios can be selected according to the hole distance of the hole fertilization to meet the requirements of the hole distance for hole fertilization.

[0066] The handlebar 42 is fixedly installed at the rear side of the vehicle board 3. A braking handle 37 is installed on the left rod of the handlebar 42, and the braking block 38 is driven to slide back and forth by a transmission rod 40 embedded in the left rod to hold or release the wheel. An axle 36 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the right rod of the handlebar 42. A support leg 34 that can rotate around the axle 36 is installed on the axle 36. The front end of the support leg 34 is placed on the vehicle board 3. When the support leg 34 rotates backward and is stuck on the clamping post 35, the handlebar 42 and the vehicle body can be supported.

[0067] Working process:

[0068] First, according to the stroke of the up-and-down movement of the drive shaft assembly 11, adjust the depth of the upper screw 26 screwed into the threaded hole 30 to adapt to the depth required for hole fertilization. Adjust the protruding length of the soil-breaking device 28 from the bottom of the screw 26 to change the size of the concave ring 27 to adjust the fertilization amount. Adjust the up-and-down position of the adjusting nut 23, and drive the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4 to move up and down through the small spring 24, so that the large cylinder at the lower part of the soil-breaking device 28 is located at the center hole at the bottom of the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4 to close the center hole. Adjust the connection of the conveyor belt 8 with the belt wheels of the upper pulley 9 and the lower pulley 5 with different diameters to adapt to the requirements of different crop hole spacings. The position of the vehicle board 3 on the axle 7 can also be moved left and right to adjust the hole fertilization position left and right.

[0069] Then, load the fertilizer into the material cylinder 15 through the round holes around the partition plate 14. Open the pipe clamp 33 to let the fertilizer fall from the soft rubber tube 21 into the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4 through the feed port 29. When the fertilizer buries the concave ring 27, close the pipe clamp 33 to a small opening degree so that the fertilizer falling into the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4 is roughly the same as the speed of the fertilizer discharged by the fertilizer discharging device.

[0070] In the field where crops are planted by hole sowing, align the soil-breaking device 28 with the soil 4-5 cm beside a certain seedling. Push the small cart forward. The wheel 2 drives the axle 7 to rotate, so that the lower pulley 5 fixed on the axle 7 drives the upper pulley 9 to rotate. The upper pulley 9 drives the gear shaft 18 and the gear 17 to rotate. The gear 17 first lifts the drive shaft assembly 11 upward through the rack 19. The large spring 12 is stretched. After the drive shaft assembly 11 rises to a certain height, the toothed part of the incomplete gear 17 disengages from the rack 19. Under the restoring force of the large spring 12 and the action of gravity, the drive shaft assembly 11 drives the fertilizer discharging mechanism to quickly fall. The tip of the soil-breaking device 28 pierces into the soil 4-5 cm beside the next seedling to a certain depth. The bottom area of the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4 is large and is subject to great soil resistance, so the small spring 24 is compressed and moves upward. The concave ring 27 formed by the lower end face of the soil-breaking device 28 and the screw 26 drives the fertilizer to protrude from the bottom end of the fertilizer discharger 4 and fall into the soil. In this process, since the upper bottom surface of the concave ring 27 is the bottom end face of the screw 16 and the lower bottom surface is the round table surface on the soil-breaking device 28, the falling of the fertilizer will not be hindered, and the screw 26 quickly moves downward under the restoring force of the large spring 12. In fact, the fertilizer is injected into the soil at an extremely high speed to complete the fertilization process.

[0071] When the transmission shaft assembly 11 drops to the limit position, there is a pause with a speed of zero, and then it lifts upward under the restoring force of the large spring 12. The soil breaker 28 first retracts upward from the outer end of the fertilizer discharging mechanism to block the round hole at the lower end of the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4, realizing quantitative fertilizer discharging. Then the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4 moves upward together with the screw 26. At the same time, the soil loosening needles at the bottom of the fertilizer discharging cylinder 4 loosen the soil. The soil covering device 39 will move forward a short distance to scrape the loosened soil onto the fertilizer to cover the fertilizer. When the transmission shaft assembly 11 lifts upward under the restoring force of the large spring 12, the shaft shoulder 10 meets the damper 10 that is still in the falling process, causing the vibration of the transmission shaft assembly 11 to decay rapidly. In theory, the damper 10 will meet the shaft shoulder 20 multiple times, but in fact, the transmission shaft assembly 11 and the fertilizer discharging mechanism will stop vibrating instantly and will not cause damage to the seedlings. When the trolley continues to move forward, the gear 17 lifts the transmission shaft assembly 11 upward again to start fertilizing the next hole of sown seedlings.

[0072] During the fertilization process, if it is found that there is an accumulated error in the front and rear positions of the hole fertilization, and the deviation from the predetermined position is relatively large, one can hold the handle 37 on the handlebar 42 with the hand, drive the brake block 38 to move forward through the transmission rod 40 to hold the wheel 2 for braking, and then pull the handlebar 42 back and forth. After moving the hole fertilization trolley back and forth to the appropriate position, fertilize again.

[0073] As described above, only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic hole-fertilizing trolley, characterized in that, It includes a housing (1), a vehicle body, a transmission mechanism and a fertilizer discharging mechanism. The housing (1) is installed on the vehicle body. The transmission mechanism is installed inside the housing. The lower ends of the corresponding components of the transmission mechanism pass through the housing and project below the vehicle body. A fertilizer discharging mechanism is installed at the lower ends of the corresponding components of the transmission mechanism. The components of the transmission mechanism and the fertilizer discharging mechanism are driven by the running of the vehicle body to generate regular reciprocating up and down movements. The fertilizer discharging mechanism applies a force to the soil to form a pit on the soil surface, and the fertilizer is applied into the pit and covered with soil. The said housing (1) includes an upper cover (13), a partition board (14), a lower cylinder (16) and a bottom plate (25). The said lower cylinder (16) is a cylinder made of metal. The lower end of the cylinder is closed by the bottom plate (25), and the partition board (14) is fixedly installed at the upper end. The upper cover (13) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the partition board (14). Central holes are made in the centers of the upper cover (13), the partition board (14) and the bottom plate (25). Four circular holes evenly distributed are also made around the central hole of the partition board (14). The said transmission mechanism includes a lower pulley (5), a conveyor belt (8), an upper pulley (9), a damper (10), a transmission shaft assembly (11), a large spring (12), a gear (17), a gear shaft (18) and a screw (32). The transmission shaft assembly (11) includes a rack (19), a shaft shoulder (20), a first thread (22), a feed inlet (29) and a threaded hole (30). The transmission shaft assembly (11) is in the shape of a vertical long shaft. The upper part of the long shaft is provided with a shaft shoulder (20). An axial long groove is machined on the cylindrical surface on one side below the shaft shoulder (20). The bottom of the long groove is made into a rack (19). A central hole concentric with the long shaft is made at the lower end of the transmission shaft assembly (11). A threaded hole (30) is made at the center of the upper bottom of the central hole. The feed inlet (29) is located on the outer cylindrical surface of the upper part of the central hole and is connected to the central hole radially. The outer cylindrical surface of a section at the lower end of the said transmission shaft assembly (11) shrinks inwards, and a first thread (22) is made on the upper part of the shrunk outer cylindrical surface. The said transmission shaft assembly (11) is vertically installed inside the housing (1). The lower end passes through the central holes of the partition board (14) and the bottom plate (25) and projects outside the bottom plate (25). The upper end passes through the central hole of the upper cover (13). The shaft shoulder (20) is located above the partition board (14). The large spring (12) is installed on the partition board (14). The large spring (12) is sleeved on the transmission shaft assembly (11) and connected to the shaft shoulder (20), and the transmission shaft assembly (11) is supported by the shaft shoulder (20). The said gear shaft (18) horizontally passes through the cylinder wall of the lower cylinder (16) of the housing (1) and can rotate freely. A gear (17) is fixedly installed in the middle of the gear shaft (18). The gear (17) meshes with the rack (19). The rotation of the gear (17) can drive the rack (19) and the transmission shaft assembly (11) to move up and down intermittently. One side of the described gear shaft (18) extends outside the lower cylinder (16), and an upper pulley (9) is fixedly installed at the shaft end. The upper pulley (9) is connected to a lower pulley (5) fixed on a corresponding component of the vehicle body through a conveyor belt (8), and the lower pulley (5) is fixed on the axle (7); wheels (2) are fixedly installed at both ends of the axle (7), and there is no relative rotation between the two; A damper (10) is sleeved on the shaft diameter above the shaft shoulder (20). The damper (10) is made of a metal ring, and the inner hole of the ring and the shaft diameter are connected by a clearance fit. When the transmission shaft assembly (11) is lifted upward under the restoring force of the large spring (12), the shaft shoulder (20) meets the damper (10) still in the falling process, causing the vibration of the transmission shaft assembly (11) to decay rapidly; The described gear (17) is an incomplete gear; The described fertilizer discharging mechanism includes a fertilizer discharging cylinder (4), a material cylinder (15), a soft rubber hose (21), a nut (23), a small spring (24), a screw (26), a concave ring (27), and a soil breaker (28); The described material cylinder (15) is fixed on the inner wall of the lower cylinder (16) and is connected to the feeding port (29) through a soft rubber hose (21); The upper end of the described screw (26) has a second thread and is screwed into the threaded hole (30) of the transmission shaft assembly (11). The bottom of the screw (26) is provided with a central hole with a third thread and is connected to the soil breaker (28); The described nut (23) is screwed with the first thread (22). A small spring (24) is installed at the bottom of the nut (23). The fertilizer discharging cylinder (4) is sleeved on the lower end of the transmission shaft assembly (11) and is connected in a mating manner with the outer cylindrical surface at the lower end of the transmission shaft assembly (11), and can slide up and down relative to the outer cylindrical surface at the lower end of the transmission shaft assembly (11). The upper end of the fertilizer discharging cylinder (4) is connected to the lower end of the small spring (24); The described soil breaker (28) is a rotating body. The upper small cylinder is provided with a fourth thread and is connected to the threaded hole of the central hole at the bottom of the screw (26). There is a conical surface transition between the upper small cylinder and the lower large cylinder. An annular groove (27) is formed between the upper small cylindrical surface, the conical surface, and the bottom end surface of the screw (26). The bottom of the soil breaker (28) is a cone; The bottom of the described fertilizer discharging cylinder (4) is provided with a central hole. By adjusting the position of the upper and lower adjusting nut (23) on the first thread (22), driving the fertilizer discharging cylinder (4) to move up and down, the lower large cylinder of the soil breaker (28) can be located at the central hole at the bottom of the fertilizer discharging cylinder (4) to close the central hole.

2. The automatic hole-fertilizing trolley according to claim 1, wherein A pipe clamp (33) is provided on the described soft rubber hose (21).

3. The automatic hole-fertilizing trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear half of the outer circle at the bottom of the described fertilizer discharging cylinder (4) is provided with a soil loosening needle (43), and the soil loosening needle (43) is inclined forward at an angle of 20 - 30 degrees.

4. The automatic hole fertilization trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil covering device (39) is semi-circular and is suspended at the rear side of the bottom of the nut (23), and the radius of its semi-circular ring is greater than the radius of the bottom circle of the fertilizer discharging cylinder (4).

5. The automatic hole-fertilizing trolley according to claim 1, wherein The described vehicle body includes wheels (2), a vehicle board (3), a groove (6), an axle (7), a fixing ring (31), a screw (32), a square hole (41), and a vehicle handle (42); The described car body panel (3) is a rectangular panel with a square hole (41) made in the middle. The axle (7) passes horizontally through the cross-section of the car body panel (3) and can rotate freely within the car body panel (3). A fixing ring (31) with a circular protrusion is provided on the upper plane of the car body panel (3). The housing (1) is fixedly installed within the fixing ring (31). The fertilizer discharging mechanism extends out from the rear end of the square hole (41) to the lower part of the car body panel. A handlebar (42) is fixedly installed at the rear side of the car body panel (3). One end of the described axle (7) is provided with a groove (6) along the axial direction. A lower pulley (5) is installed on the groove (6) through a screw (32). When the screw (32) is loosened, the lower pulley (5) can slide axially along the groove (6). When the screw (32) is tightened, the lower pulley 5 can be fixed on the axle 7.

6. The automatic hole fertilization trolley according to claim 5, characterized in that A handle (37) for braking is installed on the left rod of the described handlebar (42), and drives a brake block (38) to slide back and forth through a transmission rod (40) embedded in the left rod to hold or release the wheel (2) for braking.

7. An automatic hole fertilization trolley according to claim 5, characterized in that, A rotating shaft (36) and a clamping post (35) are fixedly installed on the inner side of the right rod of the described handlebar (42). A support leg (34) that can rotate around the rotating shaft (36) is installed on the rotating shaft (36). The front end of the support leg (34) is placed on the car body panel (3). When the support leg (34) rotates backward and is stuck on the clamping post (35), the handlebar (42) together with the vehicle body can be supported.

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