A construction method for the bow section of a ship

Abstract

The present invention provides a construction method for the bow section of a ship. In this construction method, the left and right sections are first constructed and then joined together, and finally the positioning and installation of the mooring equipment are carried out. The total station is used to measure the reference points in each construction stage, and combined with the analysis and decision-making of the Sanming software, precision control is carried out in operations such as installing the anti-top reinforcement, marking the installation reference line, moving the left and right parts forward for joining, and installing the windlass pedestal. The innovative process technology of the present invention replaces the original obsolete production process technology, effectively avoiding the major repair operations caused by the precision errors generated by the method of scraping the hard file in the anti-top area of the mooring equipment on the main deck of the main hull by operators during the dock stage. The entire construction method realizes the integrity of the construction quality of the bow section, and the forward movement operation of the mooring equipment promotes the improvement of production efficiency and shortens the ship construction cycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, and particularly to a construction method for the bow section of a ship. Background Art

[0002] In the original production and construction process, when building the bow section of a liquefied gas carrier, during the large block erection stage, the installation of the anti-top reinforcement and the internal structure respectively form two segments on the left and right. The bow general block is formed by multiple segments up and down and left and right during the general assembly stage. After the bow large general block is docked and assembled to form the main hull, the anchor system equipment and other production process flows are installed, and finally the shipbuilding process technical solution is completed.

[0003] The main defects of the original production process for liquefied gas carriers are manifested in the lack of precise positioning of components such as the windlass, chain stopper, and windlass axle during the construction process of the segments according to the construction drawings, and often manual measurement and installation are carried out. After the overall installation of the anchor system equipment is completed, it is confirmed through actual testing whether the requirements are met. If the requirements are not met, structural trimming and other work need to be carried out to meet the design requirements. Since the precise positions of the various equipment cannot be known during the entire installation process, only testing and trimming can be carried out simultaneously, which not only reduces the construction efficiency and prolongs the construction time, but also is extremely likely to cause excessive trimming and lead to greater construction quality risks;

[0004] Therefore, a construction method needs to be proposed to achieve the precise positioning and installation of the anchor system equipment, and at the same time optimize the construction process and shorten the construction period. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction method for the bow section of a ship, which is used to solve the problems of inaccurate positioning of the anchor system equipment and long construction time in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose and other related purposes, the present invention provides a construction method for the bow section of a ship, and the construction method includes:

[0007] S1: Fabricate an inclined jig, hoist the main deck onto the jig to complete assembly and welding, with the back of the main deck facing up. Mark the internal structure line and installation reference line of the main deck on the back of the main deck. The installation reference line includes the center line of the windlass chain stopper, the center line of the windlass sprocket, and the center line of the windlass drum. Using the installation reference line as a reference, mark the installation line of the windlass pedestal and the anti-top reinforcement of the chain stopper, and mark the plate thickness direction for installing the anti-top reinforcement. Refute the installation reference line to the front of the main deck and form several marking points;

[0008] S2: Measure the three - dimensional coordinates at the three vertices K, M, and J of the main deck using a total station, and take the plane where the three points K, M, and J are located as the reference plane to measure the three - dimensional coordinates at the intersection of the installation reference line and the edge of the main deck, and determine whether they are consistent with the design values. If not, the installation reference line needs to be corrected accordingly;

[0009] S3: Hoist the transverse rib - plate frame structure, longitudinal longitudinal - bone T - section steel and bulb - flat steel structure, bulkhead plate, anti - top reinforcement, anchor chain tank, and anchor pedestal anchor chain pipe on the main deck respectively to form the bow section. Conduct total - station measurement according to the three - dimensional coordinates of the sectional structure control points on the bow section, and analyze the overall accuracy of the bow section by the Sanming G3 software;

[0010] S4: Close - up the bow sections with the fronts of the main decks of the left and right bow sections facing upwards.

[0011] Preferably, step S4 specifically includes:

[0012] Fix the right bow section with a center line on a rotary shelving tool, adjust the right bow section to a horizontal state, hoist the left bow section for sectional closure, and use a total station to measure and control the three - dimensional coordinate values of the reference points of the bow section to ensure that the sectional closure positioning accuracy data meets the three - dimensional coordinate value data. After the overall levelness of the section is qualified, install three chord wall plates and carry out the overall structure welding operation.

[0013] Preferably, select symmetric reference points on the left bow section and the right bow section respectively, so that the distances from the symmetric reference points to the center line are equal, thereby controlling the closure accuracy.

[0014] Preferably, the construction method further includes the following steps:

[0015] S5: According to the marked points formed in step S1 and using an ink fountain, draw the center lines of the capstan pawl chain wheel, the capstan sprocket, and the capstan rope drum on the front of the main deck. Use a total station to measure and review the accuracy of these three reference lines, with the reference being the accuracy three - dimensional coordinate data values, and then mark out the center line of the capstan pedestal corresponding to the capstan pedestal;

[0016] S6: Establish positioning reference points for the capstan pedestals according to the center line of the capstan pedestals, install each capstan pedestal to the corresponding position, install the center of the bracket of the capstan pedestal to the center line of the capstan rope drum, install the top plate of the capstan pedestal to the predetermined height, use a total station to measure and monitor that the installation position of the capstan pedestal is symmetrically up and down with the position of the anti - top reinforcement, and ensure that the installation position and the top - plate height of the capstan pedestal meet the technical requirements of accuracy control;

[0017] S7: According to the total station measurement and monitoring, taking points A and F on the center line of the bow section on the right side as the reference, and using the positioning reference points installed on the anchor winch base, align the center lines of the gussets of the anchor winch base with the center line of the anchor winch drum, and carry out the installation operation and local adjustment until the installation of the anchor winch base is completed and meets the accuracy control technical requirements.

[0018] Preferably, the relative height of the main deck decreases successively from the center line to the side, and the bottom surface of the web of the anchor winch base is an inclined plane to match the camber of the main deck, so as to ensure that the top plate of the anchor winch base is in a horizontal state.

[0019] Preferably, in step S1, the accuracy of marking the installation reference line on the main deck is ≤1 mm; in step S2, the installation accuracy of the anti-top reinforcement is ±1 mm; in step S4, the accuracy control of the sectional closure is ±4 mm, and the overall level accuracy is ±5 mm; in step S7, the installation position accuracy control of the anchor machine base is ±2 mm, and the level accuracy is ±2 mm.

[0020] As described above, the present invention provides a construction method for the bow section of a ship. This construction method first constructs the left and right sections and then closes them, and finally locates and installs the anchor system equipment. The total station is used to measure the reference points in each construction stage, and combined with the analysis and decision-making of the Sanming software, accuracy control is carried out in operations such as installing the anti-top reinforcement, marking the installation reference line, moving the left and right parts forward for closure, and installing the anchor winch base. The innovative process technology of the present invention replaces the original old production process technology, effectively avoiding the large-scale repair operations caused by the accuracy errors generated by the method of scraping the hard area in the anti-top area of the anchor system equipment on the main deck of the main hull by operators during the dock stage. The digital control technology means are applied to the shipbuilding production system and achieve good results. The entire construction method realizes the integrity of the construction quality of the bow section. The forward movement operation of the anchor system equipment promotes the improvement of production efficiency and shortens the shipbuilding cycle. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It shows a schematic diagram of marking the installation reference line on the main deck.

[0022] Figure 2 It shows a schematic diagram of hoisting to form the bow section.

[0023] Figure 3 It shows a schematic diagram of sectional closure positioning.

[0024] Figure 4 It shows a schematic diagram of positioning the anchor winch base after closure.

[0025] Figure 5It shows a schematic diagram for precision control of the anchor winch base by selecting a reference point.

[0026] Figure 6 It shows a structural schematic diagram of the anchor winch base.

[0027] Element label description

[0028] 10 Jig

[0029] 20 Main deck

[0030] 30 Total station

[0031] 40 Inverted top stiffener

[0032] 50 Inverted top stiffener

[0033] 60 Bow section

[0034] 70 Resting tooling

[0035] 80 Anchor winch base Specific implementation mode

[0036] The following uses specific specific examples to illustrate the implementation mode of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation modes. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0037] When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for the sake of convenience of description, the cross-sectional views showing the device structure will be enlarged locally in a non-general proportion, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention here. In addition, in actual production, three-dimensional spatial dimensions including length, width, and depth should be included.

[0038] For the convenience of description, spatial relationship terms such as "below", "beneath", "lower than", "under", "above", "on" may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the drawings and other elements or features. It will be understood that these spatial relationship terms are intended to encompass other directions of the device in use or operation in addition to the directions depicted in the drawings. In addition, when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers, or there can also be one or more intervening layers. As used herein, "between... and..." means including the endpoint values.

[0039] In the context of the present application, the structure in which the first feature described is "above" the second feature may include embodiments where the first and second features are formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments where additional features are formed between the first and second features, such that the first and second features may not be in direct contact.

[0040] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment only schematically illustrate the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, only the components related to the present invention are shown in the illustrations, rather than being drawn according to the number, shape, and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, quantity, and proportion of each component in actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout type may also be more complex.

[0041] The present invention provides a construction method for a ship bow segment, specifically including the following steps:

[0042] S1: As Figure 1 shown, fabricate an inclined jig 10, hoist the main deck 20 onto the jig 10 to complete assembly welding, with the back (frame side) of the main deck 20 facing upward. Mark the internal structure lines and installation reference lines of the main deck on the back of the main deck 20. The installation reference lines include the center line QG of the windlass chain stopper, the center line UZ of the windlass sprocket, and the center line TI of the windlass rope drum. Based on the installation reference lines, mark the installation lines of the windlass pedestal and the anti - buckling reinforcement of the chain stopper, and identify the plate thickness direction for installing the anti - buckling reinforcement. Reverse the installation reference lines to the front (non - frame side) of the main deck and form several marked points;

[0043] Specifically, the center line QG of the windlass chain stopper is perpendicular to the center line UZ of the windlass sprocket and intersects at point Y, and the center line QG of the windlass chain stopper is perpendicular to the center line of the windlass rope drum and intersects at point X. Since the final ship deck has an inclined throw, that is, the relative height from the center line to the side decreases in sequence, the jig 10 is designed to be inclined to simulate the real inclined conditions. The jig 10 can be made of angle steel.

[0044] S2: Measure the three - dimensional coordinates of three vertices K, M, and J of the main deck 20 by a total station 30, and take the plane where the three points K, M, and J are located as the reference plane. Measure the three - dimensional coordinates at the intersection points of the installation reference lines and the edge of the main deck 20, and determine whether they are consistent with the design values. If not, the installation reference lines need to be corrected accordingly.

[0045] Specifically, the intersection points of the installation reference lines and the edge of the main deck 20 here are points Q, G, U, Z, T, and I.

[0046] S3: As Figure 2As shown in the figure, on the main deck 20, a transverse rib frame structure, longitudinal longitudinal T-shaped steel and bulb flat steel structure, bulkhead plate, inverted top stiffener 40(50), anchor chain tank, and anchor chain pipe of the anchor platform are hoisted respectively to form the bow section 60. Total station measurement is carried out according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the sectional structure control points (including P, D, O, M) and other positions on the bow section 60, and the overall accuracy of the bow section 60 is obtained through analysis by Sanming G3 software;

[0047] Specifically, the inverted top stiffener is a strengthening structure arranged on the back of the deck, which is symmetrically arranged up and down with the load-bearing structures such as the pedestal on the front of the deck, so as to form reinforcement on the back. The inverted top stiffener 40 and the inverted top stiffener 50 have different shapes here, and can be flexibly selected according to actual needs in practice.

[0048] S4: As Figure 3 shown in the figure, the fronts of the main decks of the left and right bow sections 60 are turned upwards for mating. Specifically: Fix the bow section 60 on the right side with a center line on the rotary resting tooling 70, adjust the bow section 60 on the right side to a horizontal state, hoist the bow section 60 on the left side for mating sections, and use a total station to control and measure the three-dimensional coordinate values of the reference points B, J, D, M, K, Q, G, I, Z of the sectional structure, ensure that the mating positioning accuracy data of the bow section meets the three-dimensional coordinate value data, and after the overall levelness of the section is qualified, install three string wall panels and carry out overall structure welding operations;

[0049] Specifically, in this step, relatively symmetric reference points need to be selected on the bow section on the left side and the bow section on the right side respectively, so that the distances from the symmetric reference points to the center line are equal, thereby controlling the mating accuracy. For example, select the symmetric B points on the bow section on the left side and the bow section on the right side. After measuring the coordinates of the B points on the left and right sides, the distances from them to the A point on the center line are obtained respectively, so as to judge whether the bow sections on the left and right sides are symmetrically qualified.

[0050] S5: As Figures 4 - 5 shown in the figure, according to the marked points formed in step S1 and using a chalk line, draw the center lines of the anchor windlass pawl chain stopper, the center line of the anchor windlass sprocket, and the center line of the anchor windlass rope drum on the front of the main deck. The total station measures and reviews the accuracy of these three reference lines, and the reference basis is the accuracy three-dimensional coordinate data value, and then mark out the center line of the anchor windlass pedestal corresponding to the anchor windlass pedestal;

[0051] Specifically, because the main deck has a certain camber relative to the horizontal plane, that is, the relative height from the center line to the side decreases in turn. Therefore, the web of the anchor windlass pedestal needs to be processed accordingly so that the bottom surface of the web is an inclined surface to match the camber of the main deck, so as to ensure that the upper surface of the anchor windlass pedestal is a horizontal plane. As Figure 6 shown in the figure are the top view, side view and three-dimensional view of the anchor windlass pedestal.

[0052] S6: Establish positioning reference points m, n, k, l, o, p, q, r, s, t of the capstan foundation according to the center line of the capstan foundation, and install each capstan foundation 80 to the corresponding position. Install the center of the bracket of the capstan foundation to the center line of the capstan drum, and install the top plate of the capstan foundation to the predetermined height. Use a total station to measure and monitor that the installation position of the capstan foundation is symmetrically up and down with the position of the anti-top reinforcement, and ensure that the installation position of the capstan foundation and the height of the top plate meet the technical requirements of precision control;

[0053] S7. According to the measurement and monitoring of the total station, taking points A and F on the center line of the starboard bow section 60 as the reference, from the three-dimensional coordinate values m, n, k, l, o, p, q, r, s, t of the capstan foundation installation, align the center line of each bracket of the capstan foundation with the center line of the capstan drum (that is, the center line of the bracket coincides with the e f straight line), implement the installation operation and make local adjustments until the installation of the capstan foundation is completed and meets the technical requirements of precision control;

[0054] Furthermore, for the addition of precision control technical requirements in the above construction process, the precision here refers to the allowable error range:

[0055] Specifically, 1) The precision of marking the installation reference line on the main deck is ≤1 mm;

[0056] 2) The installation precision of the anti-top reinforcement is ±1 mm;

[0057] 3) The precision control of sectional closure is ±4 mm, and the overall levelness precision is ±5 mm;

[0058] 4) The installation position precision control of the windlass foundation is ±2 mm, and the levelness precision is ±2 mm.

[0059] In summary, the present invention provides a construction method for the bow section of a ship. This construction method first constructs the left and right sections and then closes them, and finally locates and installs the anchor system equipment. The total station is used to measure the reference points in each construction stage, and combined with the analysis and decision-making of the Sanming software, precision control is carried out in operations such as installing the anti-top reinforcement, marking the installation reference line, moving the left and right parts forward and closing, and installing the capstan foundation. The innovative process technology of the present invention replaces the original obsolete production process technology, effectively avoiding the major repair operations caused by the precision errors generated by the method of scraping the hard area in the anti-top area of the anchor system equipment on the main deck of the main hull by operators during the dock stage. The digital control technology means are applied to the shipbuilding production system and achieve good results. The entire construction method realizes the integrity of the construction quality of the bow section. The forward movement operation of the anchor system equipment promotes the improvement of production efficiency and shortens the shipbuilding cycle.

[0060] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for the bow section of a ship, characterized in that, the construction method includes: S1: Fabricate an inclined jig, hoist the main deck onto the jig to complete assembly welding, with the back of the main deck facing up. Mark the internal structure lines and installation reference lines on the back of the main deck. The installation reference lines include the center lines of the wildcat for the windlass, the sprocket center line of the windlass, and the drum center line of the windlass. Based on the installation reference lines, mark the installation lines for the windlass pedestal and the counter-jacking stiffeners of the wildcat, and identify the plate thickness direction for installing the counter-jacking stiffeners. Refute the installation reference lines to the front of the main deck and form several marked points; S2: Measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the three vertices K, M, and J of the main deck using a total station. Take the plane where the three points K, M, and J are located as the reference plane, measure the three-dimensional coordinates at the intersection of the installation reference lines and the edge of the main deck, and determine whether they are consistent with the design values. If not, the installation reference lines need to be corrected accordingly; S3: Hoist the transverse rib frame structure, longitudinal longitudinal T-section steel and bulb flat steel structure, bulkhead plate, counter-jacking stiffeners, chain locker, and hawsepipe of the anchor platform onto the main deck respectively to form the bow section. Measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the sectional structure control points on the bow section using a total station, and analyze the overall accuracy of the bow section by the Sanming G3 software; S4: Close the bow sections with the fronts of the main decks of the left and right bow sections facing up.

2. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, step S4 specifically includes: Fix the right bow section with a center line on a rotary resting fixture, adjust the right bow section to a horizontal state, hoist the left bow section to close the sections, and use a total station to measure the three-dimensional coordinate values of the reference points of the bow section to ensure that the closing positioning accuracy data of the bow section meets the three-dimensional coordinate value data. After the overall levelness of the sections is qualified, install three stringer plates and carry out the overall structure welding operation.

3. The construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Select relatively symmetrical reference points on the left bow section and the right bow section respectively, so that the distances from the symmetrical reference points to the center line are equal, thereby controlling the closing accuracy.

4. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, it further includes the following steps: S5: According to the marked points formed in step S1 and using a chalk line, draw the center lines of the wildcat for the windlass, the sprocket center line of the windlass, and the drum center line of the windlass on the front of the main deck. Measure and review the accuracy of these three reference lines using a total station, with the reference being the accuracy three-dimensional coordinate data values, and then mark the corresponding center line of the windlass pedestal; S6: Establish positioning reference points for the capstan pedestals based on the center line of the capstan pedestals, and install each capstan pedestal to the corresponding position. Install the center of the bracket of the capstan pedestal to the center line of the capstan drum, and install the top plate of the capstan pedestal to a predetermined height. Use a total station to measure and monitor that the installation position of the capstan pedestal is symmetrically up and down with the position of the counter-top reinforcement, and ensure that the installation position of the capstan pedestal and the height of the top plate meet the technical requirements of precision control. S7: According to the measurement and monitoring of the total station, taking points A and F on the center line of the bow section on the right side as the reference, from the positioning reference points of the installation of the capstan pedestal, align the center lines of the brackets of the capstan pedestal with the center line of the capstan drum, implement the installation operation and make local adjustments until the installation of the capstan pedestal is completed and meets the technical requirements of precision control.

5. The construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that the relative height of the main deck decreases successively from the center line to the side, and the bottom surface of the web of the capstan pedestal is an inclined surface to match the camber of the main deck, so as to ensure that the top plate of the capstan pedestal is in a horizontal state.

6. The construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1, the precision of marking the installation reference line on the main deck is ≤1 mm; in step S2, the installation precision of the counter-top reinforcement is ±1 mm; in step S4, the precision control of sectional closure is ±4 mm, and the overall levelness precision is ±5 mm; in step S7, the installation position precision control of the capstan pedestal is ±2 mm, and the levelness precision is ±2 mm.

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