Antenna devices and communication equipment

Abstract

This application provides an antenna device and a communication device. By electrically connecting the active vibrator of the antenna device to the second end of a first conductor, and electrically connecting the first end of the first conductor to radio frequency signal ports on a circuit board, radio frequency signal transmission is achieved between the radio frequency signal ports and the active vibrator. Simultaneously, the first end of a switching element is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor through a bias circuit, and the second end of the switching element is electrically connected to the second end of a second conductor through a bias circuit, with the first end of the second conductor grounded. This allows the bias circuit to control the on and off states of each switching element. In this way, the antenna device can freely switch between omnidirectional and directional radiation modes, while reducing the number of cables between the circuit board and the antenna body. Furthermore, by setting a radio frequency signal suppression circuit on the sub-bias circuit to suppress radio frequency signals from entering the bias circuit, the antenna radiation performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna device and communication equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, home network Wi-Fi products have evolved significantly from the Wi-Fi 4 (11n) era to the current Wi-Fi 5 (11ac) / Wi-Fi 6 (11ax) era, with a substantial increase in communication speed. This necessitates that Wi-Fi antennas possess both omnidirectional horizontal radiation performance for short-range signal transmission and the ability to concentrate omnidirectional radiation energy towards the user, i.e., directional radiation performance, to enhance the user experience at medium to long distances. An active reconfigurable antenna based on the traditional Yagi antenna design is currently the most promising antenna structure.

[0003] In related technologies, an active reconfigurable antenna includes an antenna radiator and a switching element. The antenna radiator includes at least one of a director and a reflector, as well as an active element. Taking the presence of both a director and a reflector as an example, the director and reflector are respectively located on both sides of the active element. Both the director and the reflector are passive elements, and radio frequency currents are induced by the coupling of the active element, thereby generating radiated waves. The director is used to increase the radiated energy of the antenna on the director side. The reflector is used to increase the radiated energy of the antenna on the opposite side of the reflector, that is, to increase the radiated energy of the antenna on the director side. At the same time, a switching element is set at the middle position of both the director and the reflector to realize the function of turning the director and the reflector on and off. When the switching element is on, the active reconfigurable antenna operates in Yagi antenna mode, realizing directional radiation; when the switching element is off, the active reconfigurable antenna operates in dipole mode, that is, only the active element generates radiated waves, realizing omnidirectional radiation.

[0004] However, in practical applications, the active oscillator needs to be electrically connected to the RF signal port on the circuit board via an RF cable to achieve signal transmission between the active oscillator and the RF signal port. The switching element 12 located on the director and reflector needs to be electrically connected to the bias signal port via a control cable 11 to control the switching element's on / off state. (Refer to...) Figure 1 As shown. This makes the connection between the antenna body and the circuit board complex, and at the same time, there is interference between the antenna radiator and the control cable, resulting in a decrease in the antenna's radiation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an antenna device and a communication device, which not only simplifies the circuit connection structure between the antenna body and the circuit board in the antenna device, but also improves the radiation performance of the antenna device.

[0006] This application provides an antenna device.

[0007] Including antenna radiating components and bias circuitry;

[0008] The antenna radiating assembly includes an active element, a director, and a reflector, with the director and reflector disposed on both sides of the active element; wherein, the director includes two directional elements spaced apart along the extension direction, and the reflector includes two reflective elements spaced apart along the extension direction;

[0009] The bias circuit includes a sub-bias circuit and two switching elements, one of which is electrically connected between two leading elements, and the other of which is electrically connected between two reflecting elements.

[0010] An active oscillator is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor. The first end of each switching element is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor through a sub-bias circuit. The second end of each switching element is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor through a sub-bias circuit. The first conductor and the second conductor are insulated from each other in the same transmission line. The first end of the first conductor is used to electrically connect to the bias signal port and the radio frequency signal port, respectively. The first end of the second conductor is used to ground.

[0011] The sub-bias circuit includes an RF signal suppression circuit, which is used to suppress RF signals from entering the bias circuit.

[0012] The antenna device provided in this application embodiment arranges a first conductor and a second conductor for transmitting radio frequency signals and bias signals on the same transmission line. The first end of the first conductor is electrically connected to a radio frequency signal port on a circuit board, and the second end of the first conductor is electrically connected to an active vibrator. This allows the first conductor to act as both a radio frequency cable, enabling radio frequency signal transmission between the radio frequency signal port and the active vibrator, thereby allowing the antenna radiating component to radiate electromagnetic waves or the radio frequency signal port to receive signals. Simultaneously, the first end of the first conductor is electrically connected to a bias signal port on the circuit board, and the second end of the first conductor is electrically connected to the first end of each switching element through a sub-bias circuit. The first end of the second conductor is grounded. The second end of the conductor is electrically connected to the second end of the switching element through a sub-bias circuit. This allows the bias signal port, the first conductor, the sub-bias circuit, the switching element, and the second conductor to collectively form a control loop for the bias circuit. This loop transmits the bias signal to the bias circuit and controls the on / off state of each switching element. This allows the antenna device to freely switch between omnidirectional and directional radiation modes while reducing the number of cables between the circuit board and the antenna body, thus simplifying the cable connection structure. This not only improves the assembly efficiency of the antenna device in this embodiment but is also more suitable for integrated structures of multiple antenna radiating components. Furthermore, by providing a radio frequency signal suppression circuit on the sub-bias circuit between the transmission line and each switching element, the radio frequency signal (i.e., high-frequency current) is suppressed from entering the bias circuit. This reduces or even eliminates interference caused by the bias circuit between the transmission line and each switching element to the radio frequency signal on the antenna radiating component, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna device.

[0013] In one alternative implementation, the antenna device also includes a feeding structure;

[0014] The first terminal of each switching element is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first conductor via a sub-bias circuit, including:

[0015] One end of the power supply structure is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor, and the other end of the power supply structure is electrically connected to the first end of each switching element through a sub-bias circuit.

[0016] The power feeding structure is at least partially opposite and spaced apart from the active oscillator, and the power feeding structure and the active oscillator are coupled together.

[0017] This embodiment of the application sets up a feeding structure and electrically connects the feeding structure to the second end of the first conductor. Simultaneously, the feeding structure is coupled to the active vibrator for feeding. This not only achieves the electrical connection between the first conductor and the active vibrator—for example, allowing the radio frequency signal on the first conductor to be successfully fed into the active vibrator through the feeding structure, enabling the active vibrator to radiate electromagnetic waves—but also enables the transmission of radio frequency signals between the first conductor and the active vibrator through coupled feeding. This is equivalent to adding an adjustable capacitor between the active vibrator and the feeding structure. Thus, by changing the relative coupling area between the feeding structure and the active vibrator, the antenna device can achieve matching over a wider frequency range. Compared to traditional antenna devices, the antenna device of this embodiment improves bandwidth while maintaining a essentially unchanged radiation pattern, thereby avoiding frequency band shifts when switching between omnidirectional and directional radiation modes. Furthermore, by electrically connecting the feeding structure to the first end of each switching element, the feeding structure serves as part of the bias circuit, ensuring smooth conduction between the first conductor and the switching element.

[0018] In one alternative implementation, the second terminal of each switching element is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second conductor via a sub-bias circuit, including:

[0019] The active oscillator is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor, and the second end of each switching element is electrically connected to the active oscillator through a sub-bias circuit.

[0020] This embodiment of the application electrically connects the second end of the second conductor to the active vibrator, allowing the second conductor to serve as a grounding cable for the active vibrator. This simplifies the antenna device's structure while shielding it from other electromagnetic waves, making its assembly more convenient. Furthermore, by electrically connecting the second end of the switching element to the active vibrator, the active vibrator becomes part of the bias circuit, enabling conduction between the switching element and the second conductor. This ensures that the bias signal port on the circuit board can properly control the switching element through the bias circuit.

[0021] In one alternative implementation, the radio frequency signal choke circuit includes a first radio frequency signal choke circuit located between the feed structure and a first terminal of each switching element.

[0022] The first radio frequency signal suppression circuit includes a first inductor;

[0023] The first inductor is connected in series between the feed structure and the first terminal of each switching element.

[0024] This application embodiment provides a first inductor between the feed structure and the first terminal of each switching element, which serves as a first radio frequency signal choking circuit to choke the high-frequency current, i.e., the radio frequency signal, from entering the bias circuit. This reduces the impact of the partial bias circuit between the feed structure and the first terminal of each switching element on the radio frequency signal on the antenna radiating component.

[0025] In one alternative implementation, two first inductors are connected in series between the power supply structure and the first terminal of each switching element;

[0026] One of the first inductors is located near the power supply structure, and the other first inductor is located near the switching element.

[0027] This application embodiment improves the suppression effect of the first radio frequency signal suppression circuit on high-frequency current by connecting two first inductors in series between the feed structure and the first terminal of each switching element, and the two first inductors are respectively arranged near the feed structure and the switching element. This further reduces or even avoids the influence of the bias circuit on the radio frequency signal of the antenna radiating component, and improves the radiation performance of the antenna device.

[0028] In one alternative implementation, the radio frequency signal choke circuit further includes a second radio frequency signal choke circuit located between the second terminal of the switching element and the active oscillator.

[0029] The second radio frequency signal suppression circuit includes a second inductor;

[0030] The second inductor is connected in series between the second terminal of each switching element and the active oscillator.

[0031] In this embodiment, a second inductor is connected in series between the second end of the switching element and the active vibrator to form a second radio frequency signal choking circuit, which serves as a choke, i.e., chokes the high-frequency current from entering part of the bias circuit in this section, thereby reducing the influence of the bias circuit between the second end of the switching element and the active vibrator on the radio frequency signal on the antenna radiating component.

[0032] In one alternative implementation, two second inductors are connected in series between the second end of each switching element and the active oscillator; one of the second inductors is located near the switching element and the other is located near the active oscillator, in order to further improve the choking effect of the bias circuit between the second end of the switching element and the active oscillator, thereby further reducing or even avoiding the influence of the bias circuit on the radio frequency signal of the antenna radiating component.

[0033] In one alternative implementation, the switching element is a diode, and the bias circuit further includes at least two LC circuits, each of which is connected in parallel across the corresponding diode.

[0034] This application simplifies the control circuit of the switching element by using a diode as the switching element. Simultaneously, an LC circuit is connected in parallel across each diode. When the diode is open, the LC circuit and the diode's parasitic capacitance form a band-stop filter. Based on the diode's parasitic capacitance, the inductance and capacitance values ​​of the LC circuit can be appropriately adjusted, thereby ensuring good isolation between the diode and the antenna radiating component within the required operating frequency band. This avoids affecting the antenna's radiation performance in omnidirectional radiation mode, such as preventing pattern distortion and deterioration of circularity in omnidirectional radiation mode.

[0035] In one alternative implementation, the switching element is a MEMS switch. This MEMS switch has no distributed capacitance in the off state, thus providing good isolation from the RF signal. This eliminates the need for an LC circuit in the bias circuit, thereby simplifying the bias circuit structure.

[0036] In one alternative implementation, the antenna device further includes an antenna substrate, which includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other.

[0037] The antenna radiating components are located on the first surface, while the antenna device's feeding structure and sub-bias circuit are located on the second surface.

[0038] This embodiment of the application places the antenna radiating components on the first surface of the antenna substrate, while the feeding structure and sub-bias circuit are located on the second surface. This makes efficient use of the space on the antenna substrate, which not only facilitates the integration of multiple antenna radiating components on the antenna substrate, improving the radiation performance of the antenna device to adapt to more application scenarios, but also ensures that the antenna radiating components and feeding structure are not interfered with by other components during assembly. This provides adequate space for the installation of each component, thereby improving the assembly efficiency and accuracy of the antenna device in this embodiment. Furthermore, by isolating most of the bias circuit from the antenna radiating components using the antenna substrate, it not only ensures that the routing path of the bias circuit is not affected by other components, but also avoids interference from the bias circuit to the radiation signal of the antenna radiating components.

[0039] In one alternative implementation, the sub-bias circuit is perpendicular to the extension direction of the antenna radiating component.

[0040] In this embodiment, the sub-bias circuit is configured to be perpendicular to the extension direction of the antenna radiating component. For example, the sub-bias circuit between the feed structure and the first end of the switching element is configured to be perpendicular to the extension direction of the active element or reflector. At the same time, the sub-bias circuit between the second end of the switching element and the active element is also configured to be perpendicular to the extension direction of the active element or reflector. This helps to reduce the coupling area between the sub-bias circuit and the antenna radiating component, thereby reducing the coupling between the bias circuit and the antenna radiating component, and thus reducing or avoiding the impact of the bias circuit on the antenna radiation performance.

[0041] In one alternative implementation, the reflector's extension length is less than or equal to the active element's extension length to improve the symmetry of the antenna radiating components relative to the active element, thereby improving the symmetry of the omnidirectional radiation mode when the switching element is off, i.e., improving the non-circularity of the horizontal radiation pattern.

[0042] In one alternative implementation, the reflector includes a first portion and a second portion disposed along the extending direction, the second portion being located between the first portion and the switching element;

[0043] The width of the second part is smaller than the width of the first part;

[0044] The width of the reflector refers to its width perpendicular to the direction of extension.

[0045] In this embodiment, by setting the width of the second part of the reflective element to be smaller than the width of the first part, the width of the middle region of the reflector is reduced. In this way, the radiation performance of the antenna device in directional radiation mode can be ensured without being affected while reducing the length of the reflector.

[0046] In one alternative implementation, the active oscillator includes two sub-active arms spaced apart along the extension direction;

[0047] The antenna device's feeding structure is coupled to one of the active sub-arms, and the other active sub-arm is electrically connected to the second end of the switching element and the second end of the second conductor, respectively.

[0048] This embodiment of the application configures the active oscillator as comprising two spaced sub-active arms. In this way, the feeding structure can couple a radio frequency signal into one sub-active arm, and then that sub-active arm feeds radiated current into the other sub-active arm via coupling feeding, effectively widening the radiation bandwidth of the active oscillator. Simultaneously, the other sub-active arm enables electrical connection between the second terminal of the switching element and the second terminal of the second conductor.

[0049] In one alternative implementation, each sub-active arm is a square ring structure with an opening;

[0050] The antenna device's feeding structure includes a horizontal arm and a vertical arm. One end of the vertical arm is vertically mounted on the horizontal arm. The two ends of the horizontal arm perpendicular to the extension direction are electrically connected to the first end of the corresponding switching element, and the end of the vertical arm away from the horizontal arm is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor.

[0051] The horizontal arm is positioned opposite one side of one of the sub-active arms, and the horizontal arm is parallel to that side.

[0052] This increases the coupling area between the horizontal arm of the power supply structure and one of the active sub-arms, thereby improving the coupling power supply effect between the power supply structure and the active sub-arm.

[0053] In one alternative implementation, the other sub-active arm has an extension, and a first metallized via is formed at a corresponding position on the extension and the antenna substrate. The second end of the second conductor is connected to a first pad. The first pad is electrically connected to the other sub-active arm through the first metallized via, thereby improving the reliability of the electrical connection between the second conductor and the other sub-active arm.

[0054] In one alternative implementation, there are multiple directors, which are spaced apart and each director is equipped with a switching element.

[0055] The embodiments of this application increase the gain of the antenna device in directional radiation mode by arranging multiple directors at intervals on one side of the active oscillator.

[0056] In one alternative implementation, the antenna device further includes a transmission line, so that when connecting the antenna device to the circuit board, the assembly between the antenna device and the circuit board can be completed simply by electrically connecting the first end of the first conductor and the first end of the second conductor in the transmission line to the corresponding ports of the circuit board.

[0057] In one alternative implementation, the transmission line also includes an outer sheath;

[0058] The second conductor insulation is disposed on the outer periphery of the first conductor, and the outer sheath is disposed on the outer periphery of the second conductor.

[0059] By placing the second conductor around the outer periphery of the first conductor, the radial dimension of the transmission line is reduced. At the same time, by covering the outer periphery of the second conductor with an outer sheath, the second conductor is electrically isolated from the external environment, preventing leakage of the transmission line. It also prevents the second conductor from contacting external water, dust or other objects, thereby preventing the second conductor from getting damp or contaminated and protecting the transmission line from mechanical damage.

[0060] This application also provides an antenna device.

[0061] Including antenna radiating components and bias circuitry;

[0062] The antenna radiating assembly includes one of a director and a reflector, and an active element. The director or reflector is disposed on one side of the active element.

[0063] The director includes two directional elements spaced apart along the extension direction, and the bias circuit includes a switching element and a sub-bias circuit, with the two ends of the switching element electrically connected between the two directional elements; or, the reflector includes two reflective elements spaced apart along the extension direction, and the bias circuit includes a switching element and a sub-bias circuit, with the two ends of the switching element electrically connected between the two reflective elements.

[0064] An active oscillator is electrically connected to the second end of a first conductor. The first end of a switching element is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor through a sub-bias circuit. The second end of the switching element is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor through a sub-bias circuit. The first conductor and the second conductor are insulated from each other in the same transmission line. The first end of the first conductor is used to electrically connect to the bias signal port and the radio frequency signal port, respectively. The first end of the second conductor is used to ground.

[0065] The sub-bias circuit includes an RF signal suppression circuit, which is used to suppress RF signals from entering the bias circuit.

[0066] The antenna device provided in this application embodiment connects the components in the antenna device to the radio frequency signal ports on the circuit board via a first conductor and a second conductor on the same transmission line. The first end of the first conductor is electrically connected to the radio frequency signal ports on the circuit board, and the second end of the first conductor is electrically connected to an active vibrator. This allows the first conductor to act as both a radio frequency cable, enabling radio frequency signal transmission between the radio frequency signal ports and the active vibrator, thereby allowing the antenna radiating component to radiate electromagnetic waves or the radio frequency signal port to receive signals. Simultaneously, the first end of the first conductor is electrically connected to a bias signal port on the circuit board, and the second end of the first conductor is electrically connected to the first end of each switching element via a sub-bias circuit. One end of the conductor is grounded, and the second end of the second conductor is electrically connected to the second end of the switching element through a sub-bias circuit. This allows the bias signal port, the first conductor, the sub-bias circuit, the switching element, and the second conductor to jointly form a control loop for the bias circuit. This loop transmits the bias signal to the bias circuit and controls the on / off state of each switching element. This allows the antenna device to freely switch between omnidirectional and directional radiation modes while reducing the number of cables between the circuit board and the antenna body, thus simplifying the cable connection structure. This not only improves the assembly efficiency of the antenna device in this embodiment but is also more suitable for integrated structures of multiple antenna radiating components. Furthermore, by setting a radio frequency signal suppression circuit on the sub-bias circuit between the transmission line and each switching element, the radio frequency signal (i.e., high-frequency current) is suppressed from entering the bias circuit. This reduces or even eliminates interference caused by the bias circuit between the transmission line and each switching element to the radio frequency signal on the antenna radiating component, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna device.

[0067] In one alternative implementation, the antenna device further includes a transmission line, so that when connecting the antenna device to the circuit board, the assembly between the antenna device and the circuit board can be completed simply by electrically connecting the first end of the first conductor and the first end of the second conductor in the transmission line to the corresponding ports of the circuit board.

[0068] This application also provides a communication device, including an antenna device;

[0069] The antenna device includes an antenna radiating assembly and a bias circuit;

[0070] The antenna radiating assembly includes an active element, a director, and a reflector, with the director and reflector disposed on both sides of the active element; wherein, the director includes two directional elements spaced apart along the extension direction, and the reflector includes two reflective elements spaced apart along the extension direction;

[0071] The bias circuit includes a sub-bias circuit and two switching elements, one of which is electrically connected between two leading elements, and the other of which is electrically connected between two reflecting elements.

[0072] An active oscillator is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor. The first end of each switching element is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor through a sub-bias circuit. The second end of each switching element is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor through a sub-bias circuit. The first conductor and the second conductor are insulated from each other in the same transmission line. The first end of the first conductor is used to electrically connect to the bias signal port and the radio frequency signal port, respectively. The first end of the second conductor is used to ground.

[0073] The sub-bias circuit includes an RF signal suppression circuit, which is used to suppress RF signals from entering the bias circuit.

[0074] This application also provides a communication device, including an antenna device;

[0075] The antenna device includes an antenna radiating assembly and a bias circuit;

[0076] The antenna radiating assembly includes one of a director and a reflector, and an active element. The director or reflector is disposed on one side of the active element.

[0077] The director includes two directional elements spaced apart along the extension direction, and the bias circuit includes a switching element and a sub-bias circuit, with the two ends of the switching element electrically connected between the two directional elements; or, the reflector includes two reflective elements spaced apart along the extension direction, and the bias circuit includes a switching element and a sub-bias circuit, with the two ends of the switching element electrically connected between the two reflective elements.

[0078] An active oscillator is electrically connected to the second end of a first conductor. The first end of a switching element is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor through a sub-bias circuit. The second end of the switching element is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor through a sub-bias circuit. The first conductor and the second conductor are insulated from each other in the same transmission line. The first end of the first conductor is used to electrically connect to the bias signal port and the radio frequency signal port, respectively. The first end of the second conductor is used to ground.

[0079] The sub-bias circuit includes an RF signal suppression circuit, which is used to suppress RF signals from entering the bias circuit.

[0080] This application embodiment reduces the number of cables between the circuit board and the antenna body by setting the above-mentioned antenna device in the communication device, thereby simplifying the structure of the antenna device in the communication device. This not only improves the assembly efficiency of the communication device and antenna device in this application embodiment, but also makes the setting method more suitable for the integrated structure of multiple antenna radiating components in the communication device, and also improves the signal transmission performance of the communication device. Attached Figure Description

[0081] Figure 1 It is a control circuit diagram formed by control cables and switching elements in related technologies;

[0082] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure without the antenna substrate;

[0084] Figure 4 This is a bias circuit diagram of an antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0085] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission line;

[0086] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the antenna radiation effect of an active vibrator in an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0087] Figure 7 This is an antenna radiation pattern of an active vibrator in an antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0088] Figure 8 This is an antenna radiation effect diagram of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0089] Figure 9 This is another bias circuit diagram in an antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0090] Figure 10 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first surface of the antenna substrate;

[0091] Figure 11 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second surface of the antenna substrate;

[0092] Figure 12 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application when the switching element is turned on;

[0093] Figure 13This is the radiation pattern of the antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application when the switching element is open;

[0094] Figure 14 This is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0095] Figure 15 This is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0096] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0097] 11 - Control cable; 12, 210 - Switching element;

[0098] 100 - Antenna substrate; 200 - Bias circuit; 300 - Antenna radiating assembly; 400 - Transmission line; 500 - Feed structure;

[0099] 110 - First surface; 120 - Second surface; 130 - First metallized via; 140 - Second metallized via; 150 - Third metallized via; 160 - Fourth metallized via; 220 - First sub-bias circuit; 230 - Second sub-bias circuit; 240 - First inductor; 250 - Resistor; 260 - Second inductor; 270 - LC circuit; 310 - Active oscillator; 320 - Director; 330 - Reflector; 410 - First conductor; 420 - Insulating layer; 430 - Second conductor; 440 - Outer sheath; 450 - First pad; 460 - Second pad; 510 - Horizontal arm; 520 - Vertical arm;

[0100] 271-Third inductor; 272-Capacitor; 311-First active sub-arm; 312-Second active sub-arm; 321-Directional element; 331-Reflective element;

[0101] 3121 - Extension; 3311 - First part; 3312 - Second part. Detailed Implementation

[0102] The terminology used in the implementation section of this application is for the purpose of explaining specific embodiments of this application only, and is not intended to limit this application.

[0103] Currently, the antenna devices used in communication devices such as Wi-Fi products for home networks are mainly half-wave dipoles in the form of printed circuit boards (PCBs). A half-wave dipole is a standard narrowband antenna with a length that is half the wavelength corresponding to the antenna's operating frequency. It has a horizontal omnidirectional radiation pattern, meaning that the radiated energy is evenly distributed in a horizontal direction of 360°, and its maximum gain is generally around 2dBi.

[0104] Currently, Wi-Fi products use the 2.4GHz and 5GHz frequency bands. Wi-Fi signals emitted by half-wave dipole antennas often experience a significant decrease in communication speed or even fail to establish a connection after a certain transmission distance. Furthermore, the attenuation tends to be more pronounced as the frequency increases. For example, at the same propagation distance, higher frequency antennas experience more significant energy attenuation, or higher frequency antennas experience more significant energy attenuation after penetrating a medium or wall of the same thickness. Therefore, when users are at relatively medium to long distances, the ability to concentrate the omnidirectional radiation energy of the antenna towards the user's location, thereby improving the user experience at medium to long distances, is a key development direction for Wi-Fi antenna devices. This requires the ability to switch between omnidirectional and directional radiation.

[0105] Considering that antenna devices, as built-in products of ONTs, are becoming increasingly smaller in size due to factors such as appearance, competitiveness, and usage habits in home scenarios, expanding the functions carried by existing individual antennas is a common approach without increasing the absolute number of WiFi antennas.

[0106] This application provides an antenna device and communication equipment. By setting a bias circuit for controlling switching elements, and simultaneously placing a control cable for transmitting bias signals and a radio frequency (RF) cable for transmitting RF signals on the same transmission line, this transmission line can function as both a control cable, transmitting bias signals to the bias circuit to control the switching elements to turn on and off, and an RF cable, transmitting RF signals between the active element and the RF signal port. For example, the RF signal output from the RF signal port can be fed into the active element through the RF cable, causing the active element to radiate electromagnetic waves. This allows the antenna device to freely switch between omnidirectional and directional radiation modes while reducing the number of cables between the circuit board and the main body of the antenna device, thus simplifying the cable connection structure between the circuit board and the antenna body. Furthermore, by setting part of the bias circuit as an RF signal suppression circuit to prevent RF signals from the antenna radiator from entering the bias circuit, the radiation performance of the antenna radiator is ensured to remain unaffected.

[0107] The antenna device and communication equipment of the present application embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0108] Example 1

[0109] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one possible structure of the antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure without the antenna substrate. (Refer to...) Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, this application embodiment provides an antenna device, including an antenna radiating component 300 and a bias circuit 200. It is understood that the antenna device in this application embodiment can be a chip.

[0110] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the antenna radiating assembly 300 includes an active element 310, a director 320, and a reflector 330, with the director 320 and the reflector 330 respectively disposed on both sides of the active element 310.

[0111] This application uses a director 320 and a reflector 330 as an example to describe the structure of the antenna radiating assembly 300. When the antenna radiating assembly 300 is provided with a director 320 and a reflector 330, the active element 310, the director 320, and the reflector 330 are located in the same plane, and the director 320 and the reflector 330 are located on opposite sides of the active element 310. The distance between the director 320 and the active element 310 can be equal to the distance between the reflector 330 and the active element 310.

[0112] It is understood that the antenna radiating component 300 in this embodiment is based on a conventional Yagi antenna design. In practical applications, the distance between the director 320 or reflector 330 and the active element 310 is approximately 0.25 wavelengths. This distance can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0113] It should be noted that the wavelength mentioned above refers to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal radiated by the antenna radiating component 300. Additionally, the distance between the director 320 and the active element 310 is... Figure 2 The distance between the center director 320 and the active vibrator 310 along the x-direction. Wherein, the x-direction is the width direction of the antenna radiating assembly 300.

[0114] Furthermore, the overall length of the active dipole 310 along its extension direction is 0.5 wavelengths, the overall length of the director 320 along its extension direction is less than or equal to 0.5 wavelengths, and the overall length of the reflector 330 along its extension direction is greater than or equal to 0.5 wavelengths. The active dipole 310 can be a dipole antenna radiator. Both the director 320 and the reflector 330 are passive dipoles without their own excitation; however, they generate radio frequency currents through coupling excitation from the dipole antenna radiator, i.e., the active dipole 310, thus producing radiation and affecting the radiation characteristics.

[0115] In the antenna radiating assembly 300, the impedance of the reflector 330 is inductive, which is used to enhance the radiated energy of the antenna device on the opposite side of the reflector 330, that is, to enhance the radiated energy of the antenna device on the director 320 side. The impedance of the director 320 is capacitive, which is used to increase the radiated energy of the antenna on the director 320 side, thereby achieving directional radiation.

[0116] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the extension direction of the antenna radiating component 300 is... Figure 3 In the y-direction, the overall length of the active oscillator 310 along the extension direction refers to the distance between the two ends of the active oscillator 310 along the y-direction. Similarly, the overall length of the reflector 330 along the extension direction refers to the distance between the two ends of the reflector 330 along the y-direction, and the overall length of the director 320 along the extension direction refers to the distance between the two ends of the director 320 along the y-direction.

[0117] In practical applications, the phase of the current on the director 320 and the reflector 330, i.e. the polarization direction of the directional radiation pattern, is determined not only by their lengths but also by their distances from the active oscillator 310. Therefore, in practical applications, different scenario requirements can be met by adjusting the extension lengths of the director 320 and the reflector 330 and their respective distances from the active oscillator 310.

[0118] Continue to refer to Figure 3 As shown, the director 320 includes two director elements 321 spaced apart along the extension direction, and the reflector 330 includes two reflective elements 331 spaced apart along the extension direction. The length of each director element 321 is insufficient to meet the actual requirements of coupling feed. In other words, during design, it must be ensured that each director element 321 cannot be excited to generate RF current through coupling with the active element 310. The length of each director element 321 can be designed based on existing antenna fundamentals. Similarly, the length of each reflective element 331 is insufficient to meet the actual requirements of coupling feed. In other words, during design, it must be ensured that each reflective element 331 cannot be excited to generate RF current through coupling with the active element 310. The length of each reflective element 331 can be designed based on existing antenna fundamentals.

[0119] It should be noted that the extension length of the director 320 refers to the distance along the y-direction between the ends of the two director elements 321 facing away from each other. The extension length of the reflector 330 refers to the distance along the y-direction between the ends of the two reflective elements 331 facing away from each other. Furthermore, the length of the director element 321 refers to the distance between its two ends along the y-direction, and the length of the reflective element 331 refers to the distance between its two ends along the y-direction.

[0120] Figure 4 This is a bias circuit diagram of one embodiment of the antenna device provided in this application. (Refer to...) Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the bias circuit 200 of this embodiment includes a sub-bias circuit and two switching elements 210. One of the switching elements 210 has its two ends electrically connected between two guiding elements 321. When the switching element 210 is turned on, the two guiding elements 321 and the switching element 210 together form a director 320. The length of the director 320 satisfies both the coupling feed requirement and the directional radiation requirement. That is, under the coupling feed of the active oscillator 310, the director 320 excites a radio frequency current and radiates electromagnetic waves, thereby enhancing the radiation energy on that side and forming a directional radiation pattern. Conversely, when the switching element 210 is turned off, the two guiding elements 321, whose lengths do not meet the coupling feed requirement, cannot excite a radio frequency current and therefore do not participate in radiation.

[0121] Another switching element 210 is electrically connected at both ends between the two reflecting elements 331. When the switching element 210 is turned on, the two reflecting elements 331 and the switching element 210 together form a reflector 330. The length of the reflector 330 satisfies the coupling feed requirement and the directional radiation requirement. That is, under the coupling feed of the active oscillator 310, the reflector 330 excites a radio frequency current and radiates electromagnetic waves, thereby enhancing the radiation energy on the opposite side and forming a directional radiation pattern. Conversely, when the switching element 210 is turned off, the two reflecting elements 331, whose lengths do not meet the coupling feed requirement, cannot excite a radio frequency current and therefore do not participate in radiation.

[0122] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the transmission line structure. (Refer to...) Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the communication device has a first conductor 410 and a second conductor 430. In practical applications, the first end of the first conductor 410 is electrically connected to a bias signal port and a radio frequency signal port (not shown in the figure), and the first end of the second conductor 430 is grounded. The bias signal port and the radio frequency signal port can specifically be located on a circuit board that powers the antenna device.

[0123] In this embodiment, the active oscillator 310 is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor 410, the first end of each switching element 210 is connected to the second end of the first conductor 410 through a sub-bias circuit, and the second end of each switching element 210 is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor 430 through a sub-bias circuit.

[0124] Reference Figure 3 As shown, for ease of description, the sub-bias circuit connected between the second end of the first conductor 410 and the first end of the switching element 210 is referred to as the first sub-bias circuit 220, and the sub-bias circuit connected between the second end of the switching element 210 and the second end of the second conductor 430 is referred to as the second sub-bias circuit 230.

[0125] In a specific configuration, the first conductor 410 and the second conductor 430 are insulated from each other on the same transmission line 400.

[0126] It is understood that the antenna device in this application embodiment may or may not include the transmission line 400. When the antenna device in this application embodiment includes the transmission line 400, when connecting the antenna device to the circuit board, the assembly between the antenna device and the circuit board can be completed simply by electrically connecting the transmission line 400 to the corresponding port of the circuit board. For example, the antenna device can be assembled on the circuit board simply by electrically connecting the first end of the first conductor 410 in the transmission line 400 to the radio frequency signal port and the bias signal port, and grounding the first end of the second conductor 430.

[0127] The following explanation uses the antenna device, including the transmission line 400, as an example.

[0128] Reference Figure 5 As shown, in a specific configuration, the transmission line 400 may include a first conductor 410, an insulating layer 420, and a second conductor 430, from the inside out. Specifically, the second conductor 430 is disposed on the outer periphery of the first conductor 410, and the insulating layer 420 is located between the first conductor 410 and the second conductor 430 for electrical isolation between them. By disposing of the second conductor 430 on the outer periphery of the first conductor 410, the radial dimension of the transmission line 400 is reduced, thereby reducing the space occupied by the antenna device.

[0129] In some examples, the transmission line 400 may also include an outer sheath 440 disposed around the second conductor 430 to electrically isolate the second conductor 430 from the external environment, preventing leakage of the transmission line 400, and also preventing the second conductor 430 from contacting external water, dust or other objects, thereby preventing the second conductor 430 from getting damp or contaminated, or protecting the transmission line 400 from mechanical damage.

[0130] The second conductor 430 and the first conductor 410 can be made of conductive metals such as copper and aluminum. The insulating layer 420 can be made of any one of inorganic insulating materials, organic insulating materials, and mixed insulating materials. For example, the insulating layer 420 can be made of materials such as asbestos, rubber, and resin. The outer sheath 440 can be made of any one or more flame-retardant materials, including but not limited to polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nylon, and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (TPU).

[0131] In this embodiment, the first end of the first conductor 410 of the transmission line 400 is electrically connected to the radio frequency (RF) signal port on the circuit board, and the second end of the first conductor 410 is electrically connected to the active vibrator 310. This allows the first conductor 410 to function as an RF cable, enabling RF signal transmission between the RF signal port and the active vibrator 310. For example, when the RF signal port functions as an RF signal transmitter, the transmitter can feed the RF signal through the first conductor 410 to the active vibrator 310, thereby radiating electromagnetic waves. The RF signal is a high-frequency current.

[0132] Meanwhile, the first end of the first conductor 410 of the transmission line 400 is also electrically connected to the bias signal port on the circuit board, and the second end of the first conductor 410 is also electrically connected to the first end of each switching element 210 through the first sub-bias circuit 220. The second end of each switching element 210 is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor 430 through the second sub-bias circuit 230. The first end of the second conductor 430 is grounded. In this way, the first sub-bias circuit 220, the switching element 210, and the second sub-bias circuit 230 together form the bias circuit 200. One end of the bias circuit 200 is electrically connected to the bias signal port through the first conductor 410, and the other end of the bias circuit 200 is grounded through the second conductor 430. In this way, the bias signal port, the first conductor 410, the first sub-bias circuit 220, each switching element 210, the second sub-bias circuit 230, the second conductor 430 and the signal ground together form a control loop. In this way, the bias signal can be introduced into the bias circuit 200 through the first conductor 410 and control each switching element 210 to turn on and off.

[0133] As can be seen from the above, the first conductor 410 is used to transmit both radio frequency (RF) signals and bias signals. In practical applications, to prevent the bias signal and RF signal in the first conductor 410 from interfering with each other, a choke inductor can be connected in series between the first end of the first conductor 410 and the bias signal port of the circuit board to prevent high-frequency current, i.e., the RF signal, from entering the bias signal.

[0134] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in a specific configuration, one end of the first sub-bias circuit 220 can be directly connected to the first end of the switching element 210, or it can be connected to the portion of the guide element 321 or the reflector element 331 near the first end of the switching element 210. Taking the guide element 320 as an example, one end of the first sub-bias circuit 220 can be directly connected to the first end of the switching element 210, or it can be connected to the portion of the guide element 321 near the first end of the switching element 210, so that one end of the first sub-bias circuit 220 is electrically connected to the first end of the switching element 210 through the guide element 321.

[0135] Similarly, one end of the second sub-bias circuit 230 can be directly connected to the second end of the switching element 210, or it can be connected to the portion of the guide element 321 or the reflector element 331 near the second end of the switching element 210. Taking the guide element 320 as an example, one end of the second sub-bias circuit 230 can be directly connected to the second end of the switching element 210, or it can be connected to the portion of the guide element 321 near the second end of the switching element 210, so that one end of the second sub-bias circuit 230 is electrically connected to the second end of the switching element 210 through the guide element 321.

[0136] Taking the antenna device transmitting signals as an example, the specific working principle of the antenna device in this application embodiment will be explained as follows:

[0137] The first conductor 410 in the transmission line 400 feeds the radio frequency signal to the active vibrator 310, causing the active vibrator 310 to generate electromagnetic waves. At the same time, when the first conductor 410 in the transmission line 400 transmits the bias signal to the bias circuit 200, the bias circuit 200 controls the switching element 210 on the reflector 330 and the director 320 to be turned on. The electromagnetic waves on the active vibrator 310 excite the radio frequency current on the reflector 330 and the director 320 through coupling feeding, and generate corresponding electromagnetic waves, so that the antenna device operates in the Yagi antenna mode, i.e., the directional radiation mode.

[0138] When the first conductor 410 in the transmission line 400 transmits the bias signal to the bias circuit 200, causing the bias circuit 200 to control the switching element 210 on the reflector 330 and the director 320 to be disconnected, the reflector 330 and the director 320 do not participate in radiation, and the antenna device operates in dipole mode, i.e., omnidirectional radiation mode.

[0139] Thus, in this embodiment of the application, the switching element 210 can be turned on and off by the bias circuit 200 and the transmission line 400, thereby realizing the function of the antenna device freely switching between omnidirectional radiation and directional radiation modes.

[0140] Meanwhile, this embodiment integrates the radio frequency cable for transmitting radio frequency signals and the control cable for transmitting bias signals into a transmission line 400 including a first conductor 410 and a second conductor 430. This reduces the number of connecting cables between the circuit board and the antenna body in the antenna device, thereby simplifying the cable connection structure between the circuit board and the antenna body. This not only improves the assembly efficiency of the antenna device in this embodiment and enhances the applicability of a single antenna, but also better matches the requirements of optical network terminals (ONTs) for WiFi antenna usage. Moreover, this configuration is more suitable for the integrated structure of multi-antenna radiating components 300 without resulting in too many connecting cables between the antenna body and the circuit board. The antenna body includes the antenna radiating component 300 and the bias circuit 200.

[0141] The sub-bias circuit in this embodiment includes a radio frequency signal suppression circuit. (See reference...) Figure 3 As shown, for example, a portion or the entire circuit of the first sub-bias circuit 220 is a radio frequency (RF) signal suppression circuit. The RF signal suppression circuit is used to suppress high-frequency current, i.e., RF signals, from entering the bias circuit, thereby preventing some RF signals transmitted from the first conductor 410 to the active vibrator 310 from entering the bias circuit 200, and preventing RF signals from the director 320 or reflector 330 from entering the bias circuit. This reduces or even eliminates interference caused by the sub-bias circuit between the transmission line 400 and each switching element 210 to the RF signals on the antenna radiating assembly 300, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna device.

[0142] The switching element 210 in this embodiment can be a diode, which not only simplifies the structure of the switching element 210 but also makes its control more reliable. For example, the switching element 210 can be a PIN diode, which can act as a microwave switch to control the corresponding reflector 330 and director 320, making it more suitable for antenna circuits.

[0143] Reference Figure 3 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the extension direction of the sub-bias circuit and the antenna radiating component 300, for example, the y-direction, are perpendicular to each other. For example, both the first sub-bias circuit 220 and the second sub-bias circuit 230 are perpendicular to the extension direction of the antenna radiating component 300, i.e., the y-direction. The first sub-bias circuit 220 and the second sub-bias circuit 230 extend along the x-direction, which helps to reduce the coupling area between the bias circuit 200 and the antenna radiating component 300, thereby reducing the coupling between the bias circuit 200 and the antenna radiating component 300, and thus reducing or avoiding the impact of the bias circuit 200 on the antenna radiation performance.

[0144] For example, the first sub-bias circuit 220 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the active element 310, reflector 330 and director 320 in the antenna radiating assembly 300, while the second sub-bias circuit 230 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the active element 310, reflector 330 and director 320 in the antenna radiating assembly 300.

[0145] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the antenna device in this embodiment may further include a feeding structure 500.

[0146] In this embodiment, the second end of the first conductor 410 can be directly electrically connected to the active oscillator 310. The second end of the first conductor 410 can also be coupled and fed to the active oscillator 310 through a feeding structure 500. Specifically, the feeding structure 500 is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor 410. For example, a first pad 225 is connected to the second end of the first conductor 410, and the first pad 225 is soldered onto the feeding structure 500, thus achieving an electrical connection between the second end of the first conductor 410 and the feeding structure 500. The feeding structure 500 and the active oscillator 310 are at least partially opposite and spaced apart, and are coupled and fed together. Thus, the radio frequency signal port can transmit radio frequency signals to the active oscillator 310 through the first conductor 410 and the feeding structure 500. For example, when the radio frequency signal port is a radio frequency signal transmitter, the radio frequency signal transmitter can transmit the radio frequency signal to the feeding structure 500 through the first conductor 410. Then, the feeding structure 500 feeds the radio frequency current into the active oscillator 310 through coupling feeding, so that the active oscillator 310 generates electromagnetic waves.

[0147] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the second end of the first conductor 410 is electrically connected to the first end of each switching element 210 via a sub-bias circuit. This includes: the second end of the first conductor 410 is electrically connected to one end of the feed structure 500, and the other end of the feed structure 500 is electrically connected to the first end of each switching element 210 via the sub-bias circuit. Thus, the feed structure 500, as part of the bias circuit 200, ensures smooth conduction between the first conductor 410 and the switching element 210. (Refer to...) Figure 3 As shown, specifically, the other end of the power supply structure 500 is electrically connected to the first end of each switching element 210 through the first sub-bias circuit 220.

[0148] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the antenna radiation effect of an active element in an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 6As shown, curve a is the S-parameter curve of the active oscillator in this embodiment, and curve b is the S-parameter curve of the traditional dipole. By comparison, it can be seen that by using the feeding structure 500 to feed the radio frequency signal on the first conductor 410 to the active oscillator 310 in a coupled feeding manner, it is equivalent to adding an adjustable capacitor between the active oscillator 310 and the feeding structure 500. In this way, by changing the relative coupling area between the feeding structure 500 and the active oscillator 310, the antenna device can be matched in a wider frequency range. Compared with the traditional antenna device that directly introduces the radio frequency signal to the dipole through the cable, the antenna device of this embodiment improves the bandwidth.

[0149] Figure 7 This is the antenna radiation pattern of an active vibrator in an antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 7 As shown, curve c is the radiation pattern of the active dipole in the E-plane of this embodiment. Meanwhile, the radiation pattern of the dipole in the E-plane of a conventional active reconfiguration antenna coincides with curve c. In addition, curve d is the radiation pattern of the active dipole in the H-plane of this embodiment, and curve e is the radiation pattern of a conventional dipole in the H-plane. By comparison, it can be seen that by using the feeding structure 500 to feed the radio frequency signal on the first conductor 410 to the active dipole 310 in a coupled feeding manner, compared with the conventional antenna device that directly introduces the radio frequency signal to the dipole through the cable, its radiation pattern remains basically unchanged, thereby avoiding the shift of the antenna device's operating frequency band when switching between omnidirectional radiation and directional radiation modes.

[0150] The electrical connection between the second end of the second conductor 430 and the second end of each switching element 210 via the sub-bias circuit in this embodiment may include: the second end of the second conductor 430 being directly connected to the second end of each switching element 210 via the sub-bias circuit; in other words, one end of the sub-bias circuit is directly electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor 430, and the other end of the sub-bias circuit is directly electrically connected to the second end of each switching element 210. For example, the second conductor 430 may be directly connected to the second end of each switching element 210 via the second sub-bias circuit 230.

[0151] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in some examples, the electrical connection between the second conductor 430 and the second terminal of each switching element 210 includes:

[0152] The second end of the second conductor 430 is electrically connected to the active vibrator 310. The second end of each switching element 210 is electrically connected to the active vibrator 310 through a sub-bias circuit. For example, the second end of each switching element 210 is electrically connected to the active vibrator 310 through a second sub-bias circuit 230. In this way, the second conductor 430 can serve as a grounding cable for the active vibrator 310, thereby simplifying the structure of the antenna device while shielding other electromagnetic waves, making the assembly of the antenna device more convenient.

[0153] In addition, by electrically connecting the second end of the switching element 210 to the active oscillator 310, the conduction between the switching element 210 and the second conductor 430 is realized, thereby ensuring that the bias signal port on the circuit board can normally control the switching element 210 through the transmission line 400 and the bias circuit 200.

[0154] Reference Figure 3 As shown, it can be understood that in the above example, when the second end of the first conductor 410 is electrically connected to the first end of the switching element 210 through the feed structure 500, the sub-bias circuit between the feed structure 500 and the first end of the switching element 210 can also be used as the first sub-bias circuit 220. When the second end of the second conductor 430 is electrically connected to the second end of the switching element 210 through the active oscillator 310, the sub-bias circuit between the active oscillator 310 and the second end of the switching element 210 can also be used as the second sub-bias circuit 230.

[0155] Reference Figures 2 to 4 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the radio frequency signal choke circuit in the sub-bias circuit may include a first radio frequency signal choke circuit, which is located between the power supply structure 500 and the first terminal of the switching element 210. For example, the first sub-bias circuit 220 may be configured as a radio frequency signal choke circuit.

[0156] It should be noted that since the second end of the first conductor 410 is electrically connected to the first end of the switching element 210 through the power supply structure 500, the partial bias circuit between the power supply structure 500 and the first end of the switching element 210 can also be used as the first sub-bias circuit 220.

[0157] In a specific configuration, the first radio frequency signal choke circuit may include a first inductor 240;

[0158] A first inductor 240 is connected in series between the feed structure 500 and the first terminal of each switching element 210. For example, a first radio frequency signal choke circuit includes a first inductor 240, that is, a first inductor 240 is connected in series with the first sub-bias circuit 220.

[0159] In this embodiment, a first inductor 240 is provided on the first radio frequency signal choking circuit between the feed structure 500 and the first terminal of each switching element 210 to play a choking role, that is, to choke the high-frequency current from entering the bias circuit 200, such as the first sub-bias circuit 220, thereby reducing or even avoiding the influence of the first sub-bias circuit 220 on the radio frequency signal and improving the radiation performance of the antenna device.

[0160] In some examples, two first inductors 240 may be connected in series between the power supply structure 500 and the first terminal of each switching element 210. For example, two first inductors 240 may be connected in series in the first sub-bias circuit 220, i.e., the first radio frequency signal choke circuit, with one first inductor 240 located near the power supply structure 500 and the other first inductor 240 located near the switching element 210, and at least one resistor 250 located between the two first inductors 240.

[0161] In this embodiment, two first inductors 240 are connected in series between the feed structure 500 and the first terminal of each switching element 210, and the two first inductors 240 are respectively arranged adjacent to the feed structure 500 and the switching element 210, so as to further improve the suppression effect of the first inductors 240 on high-frequency current, thereby further reducing or even avoiding the influence of the bias circuit 200 on the radio frequency signal of the antenna radiating component 300.

[0162] In some examples, a resistor 250 may also be connected in series with the first radio frequency signal choke circuit. For example, the resistor 250 may be connected in series between the two first inductors 240. The resistor 250 ensures that the control current of the switching element 210 is within a reasonable range, thereby effectively controlling the switching element 210 on and off.

[0163] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, optionally, the radio frequency signal choke circuit further includes a second radio frequency signal choke circuit located between the second terminal of each switching element 210 and the active oscillator 310. For example, the second sub-bias circuit 230 can be configured as the second radio frequency signal choke circuit.

[0164] It should be noted that since the second end of the switching element 210 is electrically connected to the second conductor 430 through the active oscillator 310, the partial bias circuit between the second end of the switching element 210 and the active oscillator 310 can also be used as the second sub-bias circuit 230.

[0165] In a specific configuration, the second radio frequency signal choke circuit includes a second inductor 260. For example, a second inductor 260 is connected in series between the second terminal of each switching element 210 and the active oscillator 310 to act as a choke, that is, to prevent high-frequency current from entering the bias circuit 200 of this segment, i.e., the second sub-bias circuit 230, thereby reducing the influence of the second sub-bias circuit 230 on the radio frequency signal.

[0166] In some examples, the second RF signal choke circuit may include two second inductors 260. For example, two second inductors 260 may be connected in series between the second terminal of each switching element 210 and the active vibrator 310, with one second inductor 260 disposed adjacent to the switching element 210 and the other second inductor 260 disposed adjacent to the active vibrator 310, to further improve the choke effect of the bias circuit 200 between the second terminal of the switching element 210 and the active vibrator 310, thereby further mitigating or even avoiding the influence of the second sub-bias circuit 230 on the RF signal of the antenna radiating assembly 300.

[0167] It is understood that when the bias circuit 200 is provided with the first inductor 240 or the second inductor 260, the angle between the first sub-bias circuit 220 and the second sub-bias circuit 230 and the extension direction of the antenna radiating component 300 can be any angle, not limited to 90°, and will not affect the RF performance. For example, the routing path of the first sub-bias circuit 220 or the second sub-bias circuit 230 can be any shape, such as straight, W-shaped, or S-shaped.

[0168] In practical applications, when the switching element 210 is a diode, the diode will be affected by parasitic parameters. In particular, the diode has distributed capacitance in the off state, which makes the diode unable to completely disconnect the radio frequency signal. This manifests as lower isolation at higher frequencies, resulting in pattern distortion and deterioration of non-circularity in omnidirectional radiation mode.

[0169] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, to avoid the above situation, the bias circuit 200 also includes at least two LC circuits 270, each LC circuit 270 connected in parallel across the corresponding diode. For example, an LC circuit 270 is connected in series across the diode on the director 320, and an LC circuit 270 is also connected in series across the diode on the reflector 330. Thus, when the diode is off, the LC circuit 270 is connected in parallel with the parasitic capacitance of the diode, forming a band-stop filter. According to the parasitic capacitance of the diode, the inductance and capacitance values ​​of the LC circuit 270 can be appropriately adjusted, thereby enabling the diode and the antenna radiating component 300 to achieve good isolation within the required operating frequency band, thus avoiding affecting the radiation performance of the antenna device in omnidirectional radiation mode, such as avoiding problems like pattern distortion and deterioration of non-circularity in omnidirectional radiation mode.

[0170] The LC circuit 270 can be directly adopted from the existing LC circuit 270. For example, the LC circuit 270 includes a third inductor 271 and a capacitor 272 connected in series. The specific circuit structure and working principle can be directly referred to the existing LC circuit 270.

[0171] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating the antenna radiation effect of an antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 8 As shown, the antenna radiation non-circularity curve of this antenna device is referenced. Figure 8 As shown in curve f, the antenna radiation non-circularity curve of a traditional antenna device is referenced. Figure 8 As shown by curve g, from Figure 8 It can be seen that in traditional antenna devices, the non-circularity of the antenna radiation pattern is 2.6dB, while in the embodiments of this application, after connecting an LC circuit 270 in series across both ends of each PIN diode, the non-circularity of the antenna radiation pattern is reduced to 0.5dB.

[0172] Figure 9 This is another bias circuit diagram in an antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 9 As shown, the switching element 210 in this embodiment can also be a MEMS switch. This MEMS switch has no distributed capacitance in the off state, thus providing good isolation from radio frequency signals. Therefore, an LC circuit is not required in the bias circuit 200, simplifying the structure of the bias circuit.

[0173] Figure 10 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first surface of the antenna substrate. Figure 11 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second surface of the antenna substrate. (Refer to...) Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the antenna device in this embodiment of the application further includes an antenna substrate 100. The antenna substrate 100 includes a first surface 110 and a second surface 120 disposed opposite to each other.

[0174] To make reasonable use of the mounting space of the antenna substrate 100, the antenna radiating component 300 of this embodiment can be disposed on the first surface 110 and the feeding structure 500 disposed on the second surface 120. This not only facilitates the integration of multiple antenna radiating components 300 on the antenna substrate 100, improving the radiation performance of the antenna device to adapt to more application scenarios, but also ensures that the antenna radiating component 300 and the feeding structure 500 are not interfered with by other components during the assembly process. This provides suitable space for the installation of each component, thereby improving the assembly efficiency and assembly accuracy of the antenna device of this embodiment.

[0175] The antenna substrate 100 can be a printed circuit board (PCB).

[0176] It is understood that the antenna substrate 100 and the circuit board with radio frequency signal ports, etc., in the embodiments of this application can be two different components. Of course, in some examples, the circuit board with radio frequency signal ports, etc., can also be used directly as the antenna substrate 100. In other words, the antenna substrate 100 can directly adopt the circuit board with radio frequency signal ports, etc., that is, the antenna radiating component 300 and the bias circuit 200 are provided on the circuit board, and the first end of the first conductor 410 of the transmission line 400 is connected to the radio frequency signal port and the bias signal port on the circuit board.

[0177] The following explanation will specifically use the example of antenna substrate 100 and circuit board with radio frequency signal ports as two different components.

[0178] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the sub-bias circuit is located on the second surface 120 of the antenna substrate 100. That is to say, both the first sub-bias circuit 220 and the second sub-bias circuit 230 are located on the second surface 120 of the antenna substrate 100. In addition, the transmission line 400 may also be disposed on the second surface 120 of the antenna substrate 100.

[0179] By placing most of the traces of the bias circuit 200, the antenna radiating component 300, and the transmission line 400 on the opposite side of the antenna substrate 100, not only is the space of the antenna substrate 100 rationally utilized, which is conducive to integrating multiple antenna radiating components 300 on the antenna substrate 100 and improving the radiation performance of the antenna device, but also by isolating most of the bias circuit 200 from the antenna radiating component 300 through the antenna substrate 100, it is ensured that the trace path of the bias circuit 200 is not affected by other components, and it also avoids the bias circuit 200 interfering with the radiation signal of the antenna radiating component 300.

[0180] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, when the second end of the second conductor 430 in this embodiment is specifically connected to the active oscillator 310, a first metallized via 130 can be formed at the corresponding position on the active oscillator 310 and the antenna substrate 100 (e.g., Figure 10 As shown), a first pad 450 is provided on the second conductor 430 (as shown). Figure 11 As shown in the diagram, the first pad 450 is electrically connected to the active oscillator 310 through the first metallized via 130. The metallized via, also known as a via, has a structure and arrangement that can be directly referenced in existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0181] Continue to refer to Figure 10 As shown, in one optional implementation, the active element 310 includes at least two sub-active arms spaced apart along the extending direction, i.e., the y-direction. Specifically, each sub-active arm may be parallel to either the first surface 110 or the second surface 120 of the antenna substrate 100. The feeding structure 500 is coupled to one of the sub-active arms, and the other sub-active arm is electrically connected to both the second end of the second conductor 430 and the second end of the switching element 210. For example, the other sub-active arm may be electrically connected to the second end of the switching element 210 via a second sub-bias circuit 230.

[0182] For ease of description, at least two sub-active arms include a first sub-active arm 311 and a second sub-active arm 312. The power supply structure 500 is coupled to the first sub-active arm 311 for power supply. The second sub-active arm 312 is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor 233 and also electrically connected to the second end of the switching element 210 through the second sub-bias circuit 230.

[0183] The extension direction of the active oscillator 310 is consistent with the extension direction of the reflector 330 or the director 320. Figure 2 Middle y direction.

[0184] Reference Figure 10As shown, for example, the first sub-active arm 311 is the upper sub-active arm, and the second sub-active arm 312 is the lower sub-active arm. At least a portion of the feeding structure 500 is disposed opposite to the upper sub-active arm, that is, the projection area of ​​at least a portion of the feeding structure 500 on the antenna substrate 100 partially overlaps with the projection area of ​​the upper sub-active arm on the antenna substrate 100, so that the feeding structure 500 couples and feeds radio frequency signals into the upper sub-active arm, and then the upper sub-active arm feeds radiated current into the lower sub-active arm through coupling feeding, effectively widening the radiation bandwidth of the active vibrator 310.

[0185] In addition, one end of the lower active arm is electrically connected to the second end of the switching element 210, and the other end of the lower active arm is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor 430, so that the lower active arm serves as part of the bias circuit 200, thereby enabling electrical conduction between the switching element 210 and the second conductor 430, thus ensuring that both the bias circuit 200 and the antenna radiating component 300 are grounded.

[0186] In specific configurations, each active sub-arm can be a circular ring, elliptical ring, triangular ring, or other arbitrary ring structure to increase antenna gain.

[0187] Reference Figure 10 As shown, for example, each sub-active arm is a square ring structure with an opening, such as a rectangular ring structure or a square ring structure.

[0188] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 11 As shown, to increase the coupling area between the feed structure 500 and one of the sub-active arms, the feed structure 500 in this embodiment may include a horizontal arm 510 and a vertical arm 520. One end of the vertical arm 520 is vertically disposed on the horizontal arm 510. The two ends of the horizontal arm 510 along the extension direction perpendicular to the antenna radiating assembly 300 are respectively electrically connected to the first end of the corresponding switching element 210, thereby realizing electrical conduction between the switching element 210 and the first conductor 410. For example, the two ends of the horizontal arm 510 along the x-direction are respectively electrically connected to the first end of the corresponding switching element 210 through the first sub-bias circuit 220, referring to... Figure 3 As shown.

[0189] One end of the vertical arm 520 away from the horizontal arm 510 is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor 410 to transmit the bias signal and radio frequency signal in the first conductor 410 to the vertical arm 520 of the feed structure 500.

[0190] Reference Figure 11 As shown, the second end of the first conductor 410 is specifically electrically connected to one end of the vertical arm 520 via the second pad 460.

[0191] The horizontal arm 510 extends in a direction perpendicular to the y-direction of the antenna radiating component 300, while the vertical arm 520 extends in a direction consistent with the y-direction of the antenna radiating component 300.

[0192] To improve the symmetry of the power supply structure 500, the vertical arm 520 can be connected to the center of the horizontal arm 510, so that the power supply structure 500 has a "T" shape.

[0193] The horizontal arm 510 of the power supply structure 500 is arranged opposite to one side of one of the sub-active arms. For example, the horizontal arm 510 is arranged opposite to one side of the first sub-active arm 311, and the horizontal arm 510 is parallel to the side. This increases the coupling area between the horizontal arm 510 of the power supply structure 500 and the first sub-active arm 311, thereby improving the coupling power supply effect between the power supply structure 500 and one of the sub-active arms, such as the first sub-active arm 311.

[0194] For example, the horizontal arm 510 is disposed opposite to the bottom edge of the upper active arm, and the horizontal arm 510 is parallel to the bottom edge. For example, the bottom edges of both the horizontal arm 510 and the upper active arm extend along the x direction to increase the coupling area between the horizontal arm 510 and the upper active arm of the power supply structure 500, thereby improving the coupling power supply effect between the power supply structure 500 and the upper active arm.

[0195] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, in order to improve the reliability of the electrical connection between the second conductor 430 and the second sub-active arm 312, such as the lower sub-active arm, an extension 3121 can be formed on the second sub-active arm 312, such as the lower sub-active arm. A first metallized via 130 is provided on the extension 3121, and the first pad 450 at the second end of the second conductor 430 is electrically connected to the lower sub-active arm through the first metallized via 130.

[0196] Reference Figure 10 As shown, when the first sub-bias circuit 220 is electrically connected to the first end of the switching element 210, a second metallized via 140 can be provided at the first end of the switching element 210 and at the corresponding position on the antenna substrate 100, so that one end of the first sub-bias circuit 220 is electrically connected to the first end of the switching element 210 through the second metallized via 140.

[0197] Similarly, when the two ends of the second sub-bias circuit 230 are electrically connected to the second end of the switching element 210 and one of the sub-active arms respectively, a third metallized via 150 can be provided at the corresponding position on the second end of the switching element 210 and the antenna substrate 100, so that one end of the second sub-bias circuit 230 is electrically connected to the second end of the switching element 210 through the third metallized via 150. At the same time, a fourth metallized via 160 is provided at the corresponding position on the second sub-active arm 312 and the antenna substrate 100, and the other end of the second sub-bias circuit 230 is electrically connected to the second sub-active arm 312 through the fourth metallized via 160.

[0198] It is understood that the second metallized via 140 disposed on the first end of the switching element 210 may specifically be located on the director 320 or reflector 330 on the first end side of the switching element 210, and the third metallized via 150 disposed on the second end of the switching element 210 may specifically be located on the director 320 or reflector 330 on the second end side of the switching element 210. Taking the director 320 as an example, the second metallized via 140 disposed on the first end of the switching element 210 may specifically be located on the director element 321 on the first end side of the switching element 210, and the third metallized via 150 disposed on the second end of the switching element 210 may specifically be located on the director element 321 on the second end side of the switching element 210.

[0199] Reference Figure 10 As shown, in one alternative implementation, the extension length of reflector 330 may be less than or equal to the extension length of active element 310 to improve the symmetry of antenna radiating assembly 300 relative to active element 310, thereby improving the symmetry of omnidirectional radiation mode when switching element 210 is off, i.e., improving the non-circularity of horizontal radiation pattern.

[0200] In a specific configuration, each reflective element 331 may include a first portion 3311 and a second portion 3312 disposed along the extending direction. The second portion 3312 is located between the first portion 3311 and the switching element 210. In other words, one end of the switching element 210 is connected to the second portion 3312. The width of the second portion 3312 is smaller than the width of the first portion 3311.

[0201] It should be noted that the width of reflector 330 refers to its width in the y-direction, which is perpendicular to the extension direction of antenna radiating assembly 300. For details, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 10 As shown in the x-direction.

[0202] In this embodiment, the width of the second portion 3312 of the reflective element 331 is set to be smaller than the width of the first portion 3311, thus reducing the width of the middle region of the reflector 330. Wherein, with a fixed extension length of the reflector 330, the smaller the width of the reflector 330, the better its directional radiation performance. Thus, while reducing the length of the reflector 330, the radiation performance of the antenna device in directional radiation mode is not affected.

[0203] Figure 12 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application when the switching element is turned on. Figure 13 This is a radiation pattern of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application when the switching element is open. (Refer to...) Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, when the switching element 210 of this embodiment is turned on, the antenna device of this embodiment operates in directional radiation mode, specifically directional radiation in the opposite direction to the x-direction, as shown below. Figure 12 As shown. When the switching element 210 of this embodiment is turned off, the antenna device of this embodiment operates in omnidirectional radiation mode, as shown. Figure 13 As shown, the embodiments of this application have good symmetry in the omnidirectional radiation mode, which can better match the performance requirements of home network Wi-Fi antenna usage scenarios.

[0204] Example 2

[0205] Figure 14 This is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 14 As shown, unlike Embodiment 1, the number of directors 320 in this embodiment can be multiple. Multiple directors 320 are spaced apart on the opposite side of the reflector 330, and each director 320 is provided with a switching element 210.

[0206] The embodiments of this application increase the gain of the antenna device in directional radiation mode by providing multiple directors 320 on the opposite side of the reflector 330.

[0207] The distance between each director 320 and the active oscillator 310 can be adjusted according to the actual needs of the scenario.

[0208] Example 3

[0209] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna device provided in one embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 15As shown, unlike Embodiments 1 and 2 above, the antenna radiating assembly 300 of this embodiment includes one of a director 320 and a reflector 330, and an active element 310, wherein the director 320 or the reflector 330 is disposed on one side of the active element 310. It is understood that when only one of the reflector 330 and the director 320 exists, the reflector 330 or the director 320 also satisfies the structural characteristics of one of the two when both exist.

[0210] For example, the director 320 includes two director elements 321 spaced apart along the extension direction, and the bias circuit 200 includes a sub-bias circuit and a switching element 210, with both ends of the switching element 210 electrically connected between the two director elements 321. The first end of the first conductor 410 of the transmission line 400 is used to electrically connect to the bias signal port and the radio frequency signal port on the circuit board, respectively. The second end of the first conductor 410 is electrically connected to the active oscillator 310, and the second end of the first conductor 410 is also electrically connected to the first end of the switching element 210 through the sub-bias circuit. The first end of the second conductor 430 is grounded, and the second end of the second conductor 430 is electrically connected to the second end of the switching element 210 through the sub-bias circuit.

[0211] Alternatively, the reflector 330 may include two reflective elements 331 spaced apart along the extension direction, and the bias circuit 200 may include a sub-bias circuit and a switching element 210, with the two ends of the switching element 210 electrically connected between the two reflective elements 331 respectively.

[0212] Consistent with Embodiments 1 and 2 above, the sub-bias circuit also includes a radio frequency signal suppression circuit. For example, part or all of the first sub-bias circuit 220 can be configured as a radio frequency signal suppression circuit to suppress radio frequency signals from entering the bias circuit.

[0213] Taking the antenna device transmitting signals as an example, the specific working principle of the antenna device in this application embodiment will be explained as follows:

[0214] The first conductor 410 in the transmission line 400 feeds the radio frequency signal to the active vibrator 310, causing the active vibrator 310 to generate electromagnetic waves. At the same time, when the first conductor 410 in the transmission line 400 transmits the bias signal to the bias circuit 200, causing the bias circuit 200 to control the switching element 210 on the director 320 to be turned on, the electromagnetic waves on the active vibrator 310 excite the radio frequency current on the director 320 through coupling feeding, and generate corresponding electromagnetic waves, so that the antenna device operates in the Yagi antenna mode, i.e., the directional radiation mode.

[0215] When the first conductor 410 in the transmission line 400 transmits the bias signal to the bias circuit 200, causing the bias circuit 200 to control the switching element 210 on the director 320 to open, the director 320 does not participate in radiation, and the antenna device operates in dipole mode, i.e., omnidirectional radiation mode.

[0216] This application also provides a communication device, including the antenna device mentioned in any of the above embodiments.

[0217] It should be noted that the communication device may include, but is not limited to, optical modems, servers, televisions, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), handheld computers, walkie-talkies, netbooks, POS machines, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices, virtual reality devices, switches, and other mobile or fixed terminals with antenna devices. Of course, the communication device may also include communication base stations.

[0218] This application embodiment reduces the number of cables between the antenna body and the circuit board by setting the above-mentioned antenna device in the communication device, thereby simplifying the structure of the antenna device in the communication device. This not only improves the assembly efficiency of the communication device and antenna device in this application embodiment, but also makes this arrangement more suitable for the integrated structure of multiple antenna radiating components in the communication device, improving the signal transmission performance of the communication device. In addition, the radiation performance of the antenna device in the communication device of this application embodiment is also guaranteed.

[0219] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0220] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized by Including antenna radiating components and bias circuitry; The antenna radiating assembly includes an active element, a director, and a reflector, with the director and reflector disposed on both sides of the active element; wherein, the director includes two guiding elements spaced apart along the extending direction, and the reflector includes two reflecting elements spaced apart along the extending direction; The bias circuit includes a sub-bias circuit and two switching elements, wherein the two ends of one of the switching elements are electrically connected between the two leading elements, and the two ends of the other switching element are electrically connected between the two reflecting elements. The active oscillator is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor. The first end of each of the switching elements is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor through the sub-bias circuit. The second end of each of the switching elements is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor through the sub-bias circuit. The first conductor and the second conductor are insulated from each other in the same transmission line. The first end of the first conductor is used to electrically connect to the bias signal port and the radio frequency signal port, respectively. The first end of the second conductor is used to ground. The sub-bias circuit includes a radio frequency signal suppression circuit, which is used to suppress radio frequency signals from entering the bias circuit; The switching element is a diode, and the bias circuit further includes at least two LC circuits, each of which is connected in parallel across the corresponding diode; or, the switching element is a MEMS switch.

2. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein, The antenna device also includes a feeding structure; The first terminal of each of the switching elements is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first conductor via the sub-bias circuit, including: One end of the power supply structure is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor, and the other end of the power supply structure is electrically connected to the first end of each of the switching elements through the sub-bias circuit; The power feeding structure is at least partially opposite and spaced apart from the active oscillator, and the power feeding structure and the active oscillator are coupled and fed together.

3. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second terminal of each of the switching elements is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second conductor via the sub-bias circuit, including: The active oscillator is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor, and the second end of each of the switching elements is electrically connected to the active oscillator through the sub-bias circuit.

4. The antenna device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The radio frequency signal suppression circuit includes a first radio frequency signal suppression circuit, which is located between the feeding structure and the first end of each of the switching elements; The first radio frequency signal suppression circuit includes a first inductor; The first inductor is connected in series between the power supply structure and the first terminal of each of the switching elements.

5. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Two first inductors are connected in series between the power supply structure and the first terminal of each of the switching elements; One of the first inductors is disposed adjacent to the power supply structure, and the other of the first inductors is disposed adjacent to the switching element.

6. The antenna device according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, The radio frequency signal suppression circuit further includes a second radio frequency signal suppression circuit, which is located between the second end of each of the switching elements and the active oscillator; The second radio frequency signal suppression circuit includes a second inductor; The second inductor is connected in series between the second terminal of each of the switching elements and the active oscillator.

7. The antenna device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Two second inductors are connected in series between the second terminal of each of the switching elements and the active oscillator; One of the second inductors is disposed adjacent to the switching element, and the other second inductor is disposed adjacent to the active oscillator.

8. The antenna device according to any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that, The antenna device further includes an antenna substrate, which includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. The antenna radiating component is located on the first surface, and the feeding structure of the antenna device and the sub-bias circuit are both located on the second surface.

9. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The sub-bias circuit is perpendicular to the extension direction.

10. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The extension length of the reflector is less than or equal to the extension length of the active oscillator.

11. The antenna device according to claim 10, characterized in that, In the reflector, the reflective element includes a first portion and a second portion disposed along the extending direction, the second portion being located between the first portion and the switching element; The width of the second part is smaller than the width of the first part; The width of the reflector refers to the width of the reflector perpendicular to the extending direction.

12. The antenna device according to any one of claims 3-11, characterized in that, The active oscillator includes two sub-active arms spaced apart along the extending direction; The antenna device's feeding structure is coupled to one of the sub-active arms, and the other sub-active arm is electrically connected to the second end of the switching element and the second end of the second conductor, respectively.

13. The antenna device according to claim 12, characterized in that, Each of the sub-active arms is a square ring structure with an opening; The antenna device's feeding structure includes a horizontal arm and a vertical arm. One end of the vertical arm is vertically disposed on the horizontal arm. The two ends of the horizontal arm perpendicular to the extension direction are electrically connected to the first end of the corresponding switching element, and the end of the vertical arm away from the horizontal arm is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor. The horizontal arm is disposed opposite to one side of one of the sub-active arms, and the horizontal arm is parallel to one of the sides.

14. The antenna device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The other active arm has an extension, and a first metallized via is formed at the corresponding position of the extension and the antenna substrate in the antenna device. The second end of the second conductor is connected to a first pad. The first pad is electrically connected to the other active sub-arm via a first metallized via.

15. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, The number of directors is multiple, and the multiple directors are arranged at intervals, and each director is provided with a switching element.

16. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-15, characterized in that, The antenna device also includes the transmission line.

17. The antenna device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The transmission line also includes an outer sheath; The second conductor is insulated on the outer periphery of the first conductor, and the outer sheath is disposed on the outer periphery of the second conductor.

18. An antenna device, characterized in that, Including antenna radiating components and bias circuitry; The antenna radiating assembly includes one of a director and a reflector, and an active element, wherein the director or the reflector is disposed on one side of the active element. The director includes two guiding elements spaced apart along the extension direction, and the bias circuit includes a switching element and a sub-bias circuit, with the two ends of the switching element electrically connected between the two guiding elements; or, the reflector includes two reflecting elements spaced apart along the extension direction, and the bias circuit includes a switching element and a sub-bias circuit, with the two ends of the switching element electrically connected between the two reflecting elements. The active oscillator is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor, the first end of the switching element is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor through the sub-bias circuit, and the second end of the switching element is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor through the sub-bias circuit; the first conductor and the second conductor are insulated and disposed in the same transmission line, the first end of the first conductor is used to electrically connect to the bias signal port and the radio frequency signal port respectively, and the first end of the second conductor is used to ground; The sub-bias circuit includes a radio frequency signal suppression circuit, which is used to suppress radio frequency signals from entering the bias circuit; The switching element is a diode, and the bias circuit further includes at least two LC circuits, each of which is connected in parallel across the corresponding diode; or, the switching element is a MEMS switch.

19. The antenna device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The antenna device also includes the transmission line.

20. A communication device, characterized in that, Including antenna devices; The antenna device includes an antenna radiating assembly and a bias circuit. The antenna radiating assembly includes an active element, a director, and a reflector, with the director and reflector disposed on both sides of the active element; wherein, the director includes two guiding elements spaced apart along the extending direction, and the reflector includes two reflecting elements spaced apart along the extending direction; The bias circuit includes a sub-bias circuit and two switching elements, wherein the two ends of one of the switching elements are electrically connected between the two leading elements, and the two ends of the other switching element are electrically connected between the two reflecting elements. The active oscillator is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor. The first end of each of the switching elements is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor through the sub-bias circuit. The second end of each of the switching elements is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor through the sub-bias circuit. The first conductor and the second conductor are insulated from each other in the same transmission line. The first end of the first conductor is used to electrically connect to the bias signal port and the radio frequency signal port, respectively. The first end of the second conductor is used to ground. The sub-bias circuit includes a radio frequency signal suppression circuit, which is used to suppress radio frequency signals from entering the bias circuit; The switching element is a diode, and the bias circuit further includes at least two LC circuits, each of which is connected in parallel across the corresponding diode; or, the switching element is a MEMS switch.

21. A communication device, characterized in that, Including antenna devices; The antenna device includes an antenna radiating assembly and a bias circuit. The antenna radiating assembly includes one of a director and a reflector, and an active element, wherein the director or the reflector is disposed on one side of the active element. The director includes two guiding elements spaced apart along the extension direction, and the bias circuit includes a switching element and a sub-bias circuit, with the two ends of the switching element electrically connected between the two guiding elements; or, the reflector includes two reflecting elements spaced apart along the extension direction, and the bias circuit includes a switching element and a sub-bias circuit, with the two ends of the switching element electrically connected between the two reflecting elements. The active oscillator is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor, the first end of the switching element is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor through the sub-bias circuit, and the second end of the switching element is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor through the sub-bias circuit; the first conductor and the second conductor are insulated and disposed in the same transmission line, the first end of the first conductor is used to electrically connect to the bias signal port and the radio frequency signal port respectively, and the first end of the second conductor is used to ground; The sub-bias circuit includes a radio frequency signal suppression circuit, which is used to suppress radio frequency signals from entering the bias circuit; The switching element is a diode, and the bias circuit further includes at least two LC circuits, each of which is connected in parallel across the corresponding diode; or, the switching element is a MEMS switch.

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