Lightweight processing method, system, equipment and storage medium of building information model

Abstract

The present invention discloses a lightweight processing method, system, device, and storage medium for building information models. The method comprises: obtaining a BIM file and extracting IFC-formatted building information model data from the BIM file; using a model simplification algorithm for building component reuse to geometrically instantiate duplicate building component objects in the IFC-formatted building information model data, thereby converting implicit geometric information in the BIM file into explicit geometric data suitable for browser rendering; and using a multi-resolution rendering algorithm to progressively load the building information model for the geometric data suitable for browser rendering, thereby constructing a building information model display system on the browser side. The present invention rationally utilizes building information model technology and uses a multi-resolution algorithm to lightweight process BIM data, thereby realizing a browser-based building information model display system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of image processing technology patents, and specifically relates to a lightweight processing method, system, equipment and storage medium for building information models. Background Art

[0002] Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a model based on three-dimensional computer modeling technology that contains a collection of information and data related to construction projects. The emergence of BIM technology facilitates the coordination of work across various disciplines and stakeholders within a project, enabling scientific management and organization throughout the project lifecycle. It also facilitates the use and management of building information data and the transformation of technology into productive capabilities. In recent years, with the development of the Internet of Things, cloud computing, and mobile internet technologies, BIM technology has begun to expand widely into areas such as smart cities, smart buildings, smart homes, and smart security, becoming a key component of smart city development. However, traditional BIM services are mostly desktop applications with a client-server architecture, lacking lightweight rendering optimization for the BIM models themselves. Implementing a complete and smooth BIM service places high demands on client-side hardware and software. Furthermore, existing desktop BIM services lack the flexibility to support the emerging BIM application areas mentioned above, making it difficult to meet the growing business data requirements.

[0003] The development of 3D visualization technology on the web provides an opportunity to solve this type of problem. By leveraging the browser's 3D visualization technology, a lightweight building information model display system for the web can be constructed. This can improve the cross-platform nature of the BIM system and facilitate subsequent secondary development and functional expansion. However, the computing performance of the browser is poor, and loading models takes longer than on the client side. At the same time, browser versions vary, and many mainstream browsers cannot provide effective support for 3D model loading. In order to build a BIM system for the web, it is necessary to fundamentally solve the above problems. While ensuring the accuracy of the model, it is necessary to reduce the amount of data loaded by the building information model, limit the number of times the model is loaded, and reduce the pressure on the browser side when loading large amounts of building information models.

[0004] Lightweight BIM technology for browsers is still in its infancy, and research on integrating web-based 3D visualization with BIM technology is still immature. Loading and rendering large BIM models on the web while ensuring smooth display and interaction is a pressing issue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightweight processing method, system, device and storage medium for building information modeling. The method rationally utilizes building information modeling technology and uses a multi-resolution algorithm to perform lightweight processing on BIM data, thereby realizing a browser-based building information modeling display system.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A lightweight processing method for a building information model, comprising:

[0008] Obtain BIM files and extract IFC format building information model data from BIM files;

[0009] A model simplification algorithm for building component reuse is used to perform geometric instantiation processing on repeated building component objects in IFC format building information model data, converting the implicit geometric information in the BIM file into explicit geometric data suitable for browser rendering;

[0010] For the geometric data suitable for browser rendering, a multi-resolution rendering algorithm is used to progressively load the building information model, so as to build a building information model display system on the browser side.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the model simplification algorithm using building component reuse performs geometric instantiation processing on repeated building component objects in IFC format building information model data, including:

[0012] With the help of the geometric instantiation method, the geometric information of building components of the same type and shape is uniquely expressed in a building information model, redundant geometric data of building components are removed, and then the spatial coordinate information of other building components is determined by matrix transformation based on the position information.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the model simplification algorithm using building component reuse performs geometric instantiation processing on repeated building component objects in IFC format building information model data, specifically including:

[0014] Read IFC format building information model data in BIM files;

[0015] According to the hierarchical structure of the BIM file, collect the building component objects of this layer and add them to the Instance collection;

[0016] Traverse the BIM model data of the Instance set and identify the building components, and determine whether the elements in the Instance set are traversed;

[0017] If the traversal is not complete, determine whether the currently traversed building component object is repeated; if there is a duplicate, delete the geometric information of the building component object and only retain the spatial matrix information; if there is no duplicate, record the geometric information of the current building component object as a data template for subsequent building component geometric instantiation generation;

[0018] The process ends after all building component objects have been traversed.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, when identifying building components, the same building component identification is set for building components of the same type;

[0020] When any building component is identified, the geometric information of the building component is stored as a type of building component object and independent data is stored; the building component instance obtains the corresponding geometric data through the corresponding building component geometric identification.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, determining whether the currently traversed building component object is repeated is performed by calculating the Hausdorff distance of the building component geometric information to determine the repeated building components, specifically including:

[0022] In the glTF format building information model file, the three-dimensional information of the geometric body is recorded directly by recording the coordinates of the mesh vertices of the geometric body;

[0023] Calculate the Hausdorff distance between the meshes that make up two geometric bodies;

[0024] The Hausdorff distance is used to determine whether two geometric bodies are identical. If the Hausdorff distances are the same, the building component objects are repeated.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, a multi-resolution rendering algorithm is used for progressive loading of building information models for geometric data suitable for browser rendering. This is based on the general multi-resolution framework of Multi-Triangulation and modifies the generation process of the multi-resolution grid structure. The smallest unit in the multi-resolution grid is converted from a single point or triangular face to a patch composed of thousands of triangles; batch processing is performed on the patches:

[0026] Move 3D data from disk or network to GPU RAM for decompression and rendering calculations.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, the progressive loading of the building information model using a multi-resolution rendering algorithm for the geometric data suitable for browser rendering specifically includes:

[0028] Read the Mesh file of the BIM model;

[0029] Select the corresponding decoder according to the model file format to generate the re-encoded Mesh file;

[0030] Store the re-encoded Mesh file in MeshBuffer and pre-compress it using the Edgebreaker algorithm;

[0031] For MeshBuffer, store the geometric information into GeometryBuffer and re-encode the data header; generate the re-encoded Mesh file;

[0032] The geometric information and connection information in the re-encoded Mesh file are processed separately. The geometric information is processed by kd-tree encoding and sequential prediction encoding, and the connection information is processed by quantization, prediction compression and entropy coding. After processing, a multi-resolution mesh structure is generated.

[0033] A lightweight processing system for a building information model, comprising:

[0034] An extraction module is obtained, used for obtaining a BIM file and extracting IFC format building information model data from the BIM file;

[0035] The instantiation processing module is used to perform geometric instantiation processing on repeated building component objects in the IFC format building information model data using a model simplification algorithm for building component reuse, and convert the implicit geometric information in the BIM file into explicit geometric data suitable for browser rendering;

[0036] The progressive loading module is used to progressively load the building information model using a multi-resolution rendering algorithm for the geometric data suitable for browser rendering, so as to build a building information model display system on the browser side.

[0037] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the lightweight processing method for a building information model are implemented.

[0038] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the lightweight processing method for a building information model.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] This invention uses a rational extraction and optimization of BIM data to lightweight the BIM model located on the server side, enabling it to run on browsers and mobile devices. This will significantly lower the threshold for applying BIM services and provide impetus for the further promotion and development of BIM technology in engineering and even more emerging fields. Lightweight processing of the geometric model information in the building information model reduces the amount of data in the building information model, achieving the goal of building a smooth and efficient BIM display system on the web. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 Simplify the algorithm flow chart for the model based on building component reuse;

[0042] Figure 2 Flowchart of the multi-resolution rendering algorithm;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the building information model after lightweight processing.

[0044] Figure 4 The comparison chart of the loading time of the original model and the model after lightweight processing calculated by the present invention, where (a) is the original model and (b) is the model after lightweight processing;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lightweight processing system of the building information model of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 The figure is a structural diagram of an electronic device according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, unless there is a conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

[0048] The following detailed description is an exemplary description, which is intended to provide further detailed description of the present invention. Unless otherwise indicated, all technical terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0049] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] The present invention is a lightweight processing method for Building Information Modeling (BIM) data, which mainly includes: a model simplification algorithm based on building component reuse and a multi-resolution processing algorithm. Based on computer graphics methods, the present invention geometrically instantiates repeated building component objects in the IFC format building information model data, and uses multi-resolution rendering technology to achieve progressive loading of the building information model, thereby reducing the building information model data and achieving the goal of building an information model display system on the browser side. The present invention aims to reduce the amount of building information model data and accelerate the expansion and application of BIM technology in emerging fields such as smart cities, smart homes, and smart security.

[0051] The first object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight processing method for a building information model, comprising:

[0052] Obtain BIM files and extract IFC format building information model data from BIM files;

[0053] A model simplification algorithm for building component reuse is used to perform geometric instantiation processing on repeated building component objects in IFC format building information model data, converting the implicit geometric information in the BIM file into explicit geometric data suitable for browser rendering;

[0054] For the geometric data suitable for browser rendering, a multi-resolution rendering algorithm is used to progressively load the building information model, so as to build a building information model display system on the browser side.

[0055] By reasonably extracting and optimizing BIM data, the BIM model on the server side will be lightweight and can be run on browsers and mobile devices. This will greatly lower the application threshold of BIM services and provide impetus for the further promotion and development of BIM technology in engineering and even more emerging fields.

[0056] This paper studies a lightweight processing method for building information models, develops a toolkit using the JavaScript platform, and conducts simulation experiments on actual BIM data by establishing a real building information model display system, providing a tool for lightweight data of building information models.

[0057] Combine Figure 1 The present invention describes a lightweight processing method for building information models, which includes a model simplification algorithm based on building component reuse and a multi-resolution processing algorithm.

[0058] The geometric representation of building components is a key element in describing BIM models using the IFC standard. The geometric entities in the IFC standard can fully describe the shape, size, and spatial position of building components in the BIM model. However, the geometric information of these building components is implicitly expressed in IFC files, making it impossible to directly render and generate a visual 3D model on the front end.

[0059] Therefore, the original IFC file needs to be processed to convert the implicit geometric information in the file into explicit geometric data suitable for browser rendering in order to display the BIM model on the web.

[0060] The model simplification algorithm based on building component reuse utilizes geometric instantiation to uniquely represent the geometric information of identically shaped building components within a building information model (BIM). This is because a BIM includes not only different building components with varying geometric shapes and spatial positions, but also many similar building components with identical geometric shapes but varying spatial positions. For similar building components within the BIM model that share the same geometric shape but differ only in their three-dimensional spatial positions, geometric instantiation based on building component reuse can achieve lightweight BIM data.

[0061] The model simplification algorithm based on building component reuse includes two core steps, namely model building component traversal and redundant building component determination.

[0062] First, according to the hierarchical structure of the BIM file, the BIM model data is traversed and all types of building components are recorded. At the same time, the building components are identified during the traversal process, and the same building component identification is set for building components of the same type.

[0063] For any building component identifier, the geometric information of the corresponding building component is stored independently as a class of building component objects. Because the geometric information of all building component instances in the building information model is stored using class building component geometric objects, building component instances obtain the corresponding geometric data through the corresponding building component geometric identifier, thus ensuring data accuracy.

[0064] Furthermore, redundant building components are identified using a method based on calculating the Hausdorff distance of building component geometric information. Specifically, the Hausdorff distance is a measure that describes the distance between two subsets in a metric space. After processing, the geometric information of building components in the BIM data, represented by the converted browser-friendly glTF file, is transformed from an implicit IFC description to an explicit glTF-formatted mesh description. In the glTF file, hierarchical relationships are used to establish indexes to describe the relationships between building components, thereby representing the geometric content of the entire three-dimensional scene. Specifically, the three-dimensional information of the geometric bodies is recorded by recording the coordinates of their mesh vertices. Therefore, the Hausdorff distance between the meshes that comprise two geometric bodies can be calculated to determine whether they are identical.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the specific implementation steps of the model simplification algorithm based on building component reuse are as follows:

[0066] Step 1: Read BIM file data;

[0067] Step 2: Collect the building component objects of this layer and add them to the Instance collection;

[0068] Step 3: Determine whether the elements in the Instance collection have been traversed;

[0069] Step 4: If not, determine whether the currently traversed building component object is repeated; if yes, execute step 7;

[0070] Step 5: If duplication occurs, delete the geometric information of the building component object and only retain the spatial matrix information;

[0071] Step 6: If no duplication occurs, the geometric information of the current building component object is recorded as a data template for subsequent geometric instantiation generation of building components;

[0072] Step 7: Traverse layer by layer until you reach the top level of the file. Traversal ends when all building component objects have been traversed. Reaching the top level is determined by the structural characteristics of the glTF file format.

[0073] The multi-resolution processing algorithm combines progressive loading, view-dependent resolution, and mesh compression techniques to provide fast model rendering and decoding speeds of up to millions of triangles per second in a Javascript environment. This method is based on the common multi-resolution framework of Multi-Triangulation and modifies the generation process of the multi-resolution mesh structure, transforming the smallest unit in the mesh from a single point (or triangular face) into a patch composed of thousands of triangles. On this basis, batch processing is performed on the patches: 3D data is moved from disk or network to GPU RAM for decompression and rendering calculations.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown in Figure 2, the specific steps of the multi-resolution processing algorithm are as follows:

[0075] Step 1: Read the Mesh file of the BIM model;

[0076] Step 2: Select the corresponding decoder according to the model file format and generate the re-encoded Mesh file;

[0077] Step 3: Store the data in MeshBuffer and pre-compress it using the Edgebreaker algorithm;

[0078] Step 4: Store the geometric information into GeometryBuffer and re-encode the data header;

[0079] Step 5: Get the re-encoded Mesh file;

[0080] Step 6: Differentiate and process the re-encoded Mesh file. Differentiate between the geometric information and the connectivity information. KD-tree encoding and sequential prediction encoding are used for the geometric information, while quantization, prediction compression, and entropy encoding are used for the connectivity information.

[0081] Here is the method used to distinguish the mesh file processing process, and the processed file can be loaded in multiple resolutions on the browser side.

[0082] like Figure 3 Figure 1 illustrates the comparison of geometric data in a building information model after building component reuse. Using this method, the building components in the building information model are traversed and identified, eliminating redundant geometric data. Only one set of geometric information is stored for each building component of the same type. Geometric instantiation is then performed using the retained position information matrix to generate the entire building information model. This method effectively reduces data redundancy caused by duplicate building components and significantly reduces the data volume of the building information model.

[0083] like Figure 4As shown in the figure, a total of 40 different building information models were selected for loading tests. The effectiveness of BIM model lightweighting was verified by calculating the reduction in loading time between the original and post-lightweighting models. The graph shows that lightweighting significantly improves BIM model loading speed. For most models, loading speed after lightweighting was only 30% to 40% of the pre-processing speed, with a few models experiencing a staggering 20%. This result is closely related to the effectiveness of the model compression process. Lightweighting significantly reduces BIM model data, saving time in both network transmission and rendering. Furthermore, considering the size of the building information model data before and after lightweighting, the models used in the tests achieved a data compression rate of approximately 40%.

[0084] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also provides a lightweight processing system for building information models, including:

[0085] An extraction module is obtained, used for obtaining a BIM file and extracting IFC format building information model data from the BIM file;

[0086] The instantiation processing module is used to perform geometric instantiation processing on repeated building component objects in the IFC format building information model data using a model simplification algorithm for building component reuse, and convert the implicit geometric information in the BIM file into explicit geometric data suitable for browser rendering;

[0087] The progressive loading module is used to progressively load the building information model using a multi-resolution rendering algorithm for the geometric data suitable for browser rendering, so as to build a building information model display system on the browser side.

[0088] like Figure 6 As shown, the third object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the lightweight processing method of the building information model when executing the computer program.

[0089] The lightweight processing method of the building information model comprises:

[0090] By reasonably extracting and optimizing BIM data, the BIM model on the server side will be lightweight and can be run on browsers and mobile devices. This will greatly lower the application threshold of BIM services and provide impetus for the further promotion and development of BIM technology in engineering and even more emerging fields.

[0091] A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the lightweight processing method of the building information model are implemented.

[0092] The lightweight processing method of the building information model comprises:

[0093] By reasonably extracting and optimizing BIM data, the BIM model on the server side will be lightweight and can be run on browsers and mobile devices. This will greatly lower the application threshold of BIM services and provide impetus for the further promotion and development of BIM technology in engineering and even more emerging fields.

[0094] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0095] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0096] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0097] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight processing method for building information model, characterized in that: include: Obtain BIM files and extract IFC format building information model data from BIM files; A model simplification algorithm for building component reuse is used to perform geometric instantiation processing on repeated building component objects in IFC format building information model data, converting the implicit geometric information in the BIM file into explicit geometric data suitable for browser rendering; For the geometric data suitable for browser rendering, a multi-resolution rendering algorithm is used to progressively load the building information model, and the goal of building information model display system is to be constructed on the browser side; A multi-resolution rendering algorithm is used to progressively load the building information model for the geometric data suitable for browser rendering. This algorithm is based on the general multi-resolution framework of Multi-Triangulation and modifies the generation process of the multi-resolution mesh structure. The smallest unit in the multi-resolution mesh is converted from a single point or triangular face to a patch composed of thousands of triangles. Batch processing is performed on the patches: Move 3D data from disk or network to GPU RAM for decompression and rendering calculations; The progressive loading of the building information model using a multi-resolution rendering algorithm for the geometric data suitable for browser rendering specifically includes: Read the Mesh file of the BIM model; Select the corresponding decoder according to the model file format to generate the re-encoded Mesh file; Store the re-encoded Mesh file in MeshBuffer and pre-compress it using the Edgebreaker algorithm; For MeshBuffer, store the geometric information into GeometryBuffer and re-encode the data header; generate the re-encoded Mesh file; The geometric information and connection information in the re-encoded Mesh file are processed separately. The geometric information is processed by kd-tree encoding and sequential prediction encoding, and the connection information is processed by quantization, prediction compression and entropy coding. After processing, a multi-resolution mesh structure is generated.

2. A lightweight processing method for building information model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model simplification algorithm using building component reuse is used to perform geometric instantiation processing on repeated building component objects in the IFC format building information model data, including: With the help of the geometric instantiation method, the geometric information of building components of the same type and shape is uniquely expressed in a building information model, redundant geometric data of building components are removed, and then the spatial coordinate information of other building components is determined by matrix transformation based on the position information.

3. A lightweight processing method for building information model according to claim 2, characterized in that: The model simplification algorithm for building component reuse is used to perform geometric instantiation processing on repeated building component objects in the IFC format building information model data, specifically including: Read IFC format building information model data in BIM files; According to the hierarchical structure of the BIM file, collect the building component objects of this layer and add them to the Instance collection; Traverse the BIM model data of the Instance set and identify the building components, and determine whether the elements in the Instance set are traversed; If the traversal is not complete, determine whether the currently traversed building component object is repeated; if there is a duplicate, delete the geometric information of the building component object and only retain the spatial matrix information; if there is no duplicate, record the geometric information of the current building component object as a data template for subsequent building component geometric instantiation generation; The process ends after all building component objects have been traversed.

4. A lightweight processing method for building information model according to claim 3, characterized in that: When identifying building components, the same building component identification is set for building components of the same type; When any building component is identified, the geometric information of the building component is stored as a type of building component object and independent data is stored; The building component instance obtains the corresponding geometric data through the corresponding building component geometric identifier.

5. The lightweight processing method of building information model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determination of whether the currently traversed building component object is repeated is based on calculating the Hausdorff distance of the building component geometric information to determine the repeated building components, specifically including: In the glTF format building information model file, the three-dimensional information of the geometric body is recorded directly by recording the coordinates of the mesh vertices of the geometric body; Calculate the Hausdorff distance between the meshes that make up two geometric bodies; The Hausdorff distance is used to determine whether two geometric bodies are identical. If the Hausdorff distances are the same, the building component objects are repeated.

6. A lightweight processing system for building information model, characterized in that: include: An extraction module is obtained, used for obtaining a BIM file and extracting IFC format building information model data from the BIM file; The instantiation processing module is used to perform geometric instantiation processing on repeated building component objects in the IFC format building information model data using a model simplification algorithm for building component reuse, and convert the implicit geometric information in the BIM file into explicit geometric data suitable for browser rendering; A progressive loading module is used to progressively load the building information model using a multi-resolution rendering algorithm for the geometric data suitable for browser rendering, thereby constructing a building information model display system on the browser side; A multi-resolution rendering algorithm is used to progressively load the building information model for the geometric data suitable for browser rendering. This algorithm is based on the general multi-resolution framework of Multi-Triangulation and modifies the generation process of the multi-resolution mesh structure. The smallest unit in the multi-resolution mesh is converted from a single point or triangular face to a patch composed of thousands of triangles. Batch processing is performed on the patches: Move 3D data from disk or network to GPU RAM for decompression and rendering calculations; The progressive loading of the building information model using a multi-resolution rendering algorithm for the geometric data suitable for browser rendering specifically includes: Read the Mesh file of the BIM model; Select the corresponding decoder according to the model file format to generate the re-encoded Mesh file; Store the re-encoded Mesh file in MeshBuffer and pre-compress it using the Edgebreaker algorithm; For MeshBuffer, store the geometric information into GeometryBuffer and re-encode the data header; generate the re-encoded Mesh file; The geometric information and connection information in the re-encoded Mesh file are processed separately. The geometric information is processed by kd-tree encoding and sequential prediction encoding, and the connection information is processed by quantization, prediction compression and entropy coding. After processing, a multi-resolution mesh structure is generated.

7. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the lightweight processing method for a building information model according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the lightweight processing method for building information models according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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