A special-shaped steel rail heel heat treatment device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a heat treatment device for the heel end of a special-shaped steel rail, which includes a heating furnace, a feeding mechanism, and a material conveying mechanism; the heating furnace is arranged on a height adjustment mechanism, the feeding mechanism is arranged side by side on one side of the feeding end of the heating furnace, and the material conveying mechanism is arranged along the feeding direction of the heating furnace and is located between the two feeding mechanisms close to the heating furnace; the material conveying mechanism includes a transverse moving mechanism, a material clamping mechanism, and a longitudinal moving mechanism; the transverse moving mechanism is arranged above the longitudinal moving mechanism, and the material clamping mechanism is arranged above the transverse moving mechanism; through the device of the present invention, full-automatic operation of different types of special-shaped steel rails can be realized, the operation is simple, the process repeatability is high, the quality is stable, and the potential safety hazards in the operation process are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rail heat treatment, and particularly relates to a heat treatment device for the heel end of a special-shaped rail. Background Art

[0002] Special-shaped rails for railway switches generally use rails with asymmetric cross-sections (such as 60AT1, 60AT2, 50AT1, etc.). After the 600 mm of the rail heel end is forged, the cross-section within the range of 450 mm of the heel end becomes a standard cross-section (such as 60 kg / m, 50 kg / m, 75 kg / m, etc.). According to the requirements of the technical conditions of TB / T2344.3 "Special-shaped Rails", the rails within the forging range need to be heat-treated so that the rail web and the rail base have high plasticity and the rail head has high hardness to meet the use requirements.

[0003] Currently, a resistance furnace is used to heat the entire forging section of the heel end of the special-shaped rail. After holding for a period of time, it is taken out of the furnace and air-cooled to room temperature, which is abbreviated as normalizing and taking out of the furnace, so that the entire cross-section of the rail has good plasticity and toughness. Then, after heating the rail head to the austenite temperature, it is rapidly cooled with mist or air, which is abbreviated as rail head quenching, to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the rail head. This solution has complex processes, requires a lot of equipment, has a long construction period, and different products need to replace the rail head heating inductor. It cannot be fully automated and requires manual feeding and temperature control, resulting in poor quality stability.

[0004] Since there are many types of special-shaped rail products and the raw material has an asymmetric cross-section, the center of the rail head width and the center of the rail base width do not coincide, and the same type of special-shaped rail is divided into left and right types. Limited by the production site, it is impossible to design corresponding heat treatment equipment for each type of product. Considering production costs and on-site operation convenience, it is also unrealistic to design corresponding heat treatment devices according to product types. On the other hand, some of the forging sections of the special-shaped rails are on the left and some are on the right. Since the rail is a large long rod, it is very difficult to rotate and turn around 180° in the workshop. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a set of general heat treatment devices for the heel end of special-shaped rails to meet the heat treatment requirements of different types of special-shaped rails and at the same time make their quality meet the standard requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a heat treatment device for the heel end of a special-shaped rail. The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A heat treatment device for the heel end of a special-shaped rail includes a heating furnace, a feeding mechanism, and a feeding mechanism; the heating furnace is arranged on a height adjustment mechanism, the feeding mechanism is arranged side by side on one side of the feeding end of the heating furnace, and the feeding mechanism is arranged along the feeding direction of the heating furnace and is located between the two feeding mechanisms close to the heating furnace;

[0007] The feeding mechanism includes a base, a feeding support, and a material pulling trolley. The feeding support is fixed on one side of the base and perpendicular to the feeding direction of the heating furnace. On both sides of the tabletop of the base, first guide rails are provided parallel to the direction of the feeding support. A first rack is arranged in the middle of the tabletop of the base. The material pulling trolley is arranged above the first guide rails and is slidably connected to the first guide rails. A first lifting mechanism and a driving mechanism are arranged inside the material pulling trolley. A tray is arranged at the top of the first lifting mechanism. The driving mechanism drives the material pulling trolley to move along the first guide rails by meshing a first gear with the first rack, and uses the tray to lift the special-shaped steel rail on the feeding support and then transfer it to the feeding mechanism.

[0008] The feeding mechanism includes a lateral moving mechanism, a clamping mechanism, and a longitudinal moving mechanism. The lateral moving mechanism is arranged above the longitudinal moving mechanism, and the clamping mechanism is arranged above the lateral moving mechanism.

[0009] The clamping mechanism includes a base and a first hydraulic cylinder. The first hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed on the lateral moving mechanism. The base is fixed at the end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder. A pair of clamping blocks are symmetrically and slidably connected to the upper end of the base, and a pair of claws are symmetrically hinged, and the claws are respectively located below the clamping blocks. A second hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed in the middle of the base. The end of the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixed with a movable block, and the movable block is located between the claws. One end of the claw penetrates into the lower end face of the clamping block, and the other end penetrates into the side face of the movable block. By driving the movable block to move downward through the second hydraulic cylinder, the movable block drives the claws to rotate inward simultaneously, and then the claws drive the clamping blocks to slide inward horizontally simultaneously to clamp the special-shaped steel rail. Then, the lateral position of the special-shaped steel rail is adjusted through the lateral moving mechanism, and the special-shaped steel rail is sent into the heating furnace through the longitudinal moving mechanism.

[0010] Further, it also includes a blowing mechanism. The blowing mechanism includes a frame. A second lifting mechanism is fixed at the upper end of the frame. A blowing box is arranged below the frame, and the blowing box is located directly above the feeding direction of the heating furnace. The blowing box is connected to the second lifting mechanism, and the second lifting mechanism drives the blowing box to move up and down.

[0011] Further, a number of spring-type universal balls are fixed on the upper end of the tray.

[0012] Further, the height adjustment mechanism includes an upper frame, a lower frame, a third lifting mechanism, and a first guiding column. The upper frame is fixed to the lower end of the heating furnace. The third lifting mechanism is fixed to the lower frame, and the upper end of the third lifting mechanism is connected to the upper frame. The first guiding column is fixed to the lower frame, and the upper frame is connected to a first guiding sleeve sleeved on the first guiding column. The upper frame is driven by the third lifting mechanism to move up and down along the first guiding column.

[0013] Further, the longitudinal movement mechanism includes a longitudinal beam, on which a second rack and a second guide rail are fixed. A bottom plate is slidably connected above the second guide rail. A first motor is fixed below the bottom plate, and a second gear is fixed on the main shaft of the first motor. The second gear meshes with the second rack. The transverse movement mechanism includes a moving trolley, a third rack, and a third guide rail. The third rack and the third guide rail are fixed on the upper end face of the bottom plate and are perpendicular to the second rack and the second guide rail. The moving trolley is slidably connected to the third guide rail, and a second motor is fixed to the bottom thereof. A third gear is fixed on the main shaft of the second motor, and the third gear meshes with the third rack. The first hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed on the moving trolley. Second guiding columns are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base. A second guiding sleeve is provided on the moving trolley and sleeved on the second guiding column.

[0014] Further, the heat treatment device further includes a guiding support and a feeding support. Both the guiding support and the feeding support are arranged in the feeding direction of the heating furnace. The guiding support is located outside the feeding port of the heating furnace, and the feeding support is located behind the feeding mechanism.

[0015] Further, the driving mechanism is a third motor arranged vertically, and the first gear is fixed on the main shaft of the third motor. The first lifting mechanism is composed of a diamond jack and a fourth motor for driving the diamond jack. The top end of the diamond jack is fixed with a support column, and the tray is fixed to the top end of the support column. The second lifting mechanism includes a fifth motor, a first speed reducer, and a first elevator. The fifth motor drives the first elevator through the first speed reducer. The third lifting mechanism includes a sixth motor, a second reducer, and a second elevator. The sixth motor drives the second elevator through the second reducer, and the upper end of the second elevator is connected to the upper frame.

[0016] Further, a control system is further included, and the control system controls the first hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder, the first motor, the second motor, the third motor, the fourth motor, the fifth motor, and the sixth motor to work together.

[0017] Furthermore, the height adjustment mechanism further includes a first cable displacement sensor electrically connected to the control system, and both ends of the first cable displacement sensor are respectively fixed on the lower layer frame and the upper layer frame.

[0018] Furthermore, the air injection mechanism further includes a second cable displacement sensor electrically connected to the control system, and both ends of the second cable displacement sensor are respectively fixed on the machine frame and the air injection box.

[0019] Advantages of the present invention:

[0020] 1. The present invention realizes the function of a set of feeding mechanisms for bidirectional feeding, reduces equipment investment, saves the input of production operation sites, adopts bidirectional feeding, reduces the rotation and turning of long steel rails, reduces the labor intensity of operators, reduces potential safety hazards, and improves labor efficiency;

[0021] 2. The feeding mechanism of the present invention uses an independent pulling trolley to position the steel rails. When the steel rails are inclined or the gap between two adjacent steel rails is very small, normal feeding can be carried out without affecting the feeding accuracy, greatly reducing the work of operators repeatedly adjusting the state of the steel rails, reducing the auxiliary time for steel rail feeding, and improving work efficiency at the same time;

[0022] 3. When using the present invention for feeding, the steel rails are lifted from the bottom, which can adapt to all steel rails with a flat bottom, and has strong versatility;

[0023] 4. The height adjustment mechanism of the present invention can automatically adjust the height of the heating furnace according to the state of the special-shaped steel rails. The lateral movement mechanism can adjust the left and right positions of the heating area of the special-shaped steel rails in the heating furnace, realizing that the same set of feeding mechanisms can be used for special-shaped steel rails with different heights, rail bottom widths, and asymmetric end faces, and can be heated in the same-sized heating furnace, and can ensure the heat treatment effect of the special-shaped steel rails;

[0024] 5. Since the special-shaped steel rails can be adjusted up and down and left and right when being heated by the present device, when designing a general profiling heating furnace, the size of the heating furnace hearth can be designed more reasonably, thereby improving the heating efficiency;

[0025] 6. The present invention also realizes longitudinal automatic feeding. By using a servo motor and a control system, the length of longitudinal feeding can be accurately controlled, which can ensure the stability of the process and the product quality. At the same time, the longitudinal feeding mechanism, the height adjustment mechanism, and the lateral movement mechanism all realize automatic adjustment, greatly reducing the labor intensity, improving the labor efficiency, and having simple operation and strong versatility;

[0026] 7. The device realizes the combination of two processes, namely rail normalizing and rail head quenching, reduces the number of heating times in the production process of special-shaped rails, not only reduces the production cost and simplifies the process, but also the reduction of heating times is more beneficial to quality. The hardened layer depth of the rail head is deeper than that of the rail head quenching process, the service life is higher, and the quality is more stable, with high economic and social benefits.

[0027] 8. Through the device of the present invention, full-automatic operation of special-shaped rails of different types of products can be realized, the operation is simple, the process repeatability is high, the quality is stable, and the potential safety hazards in the operation process are reduced.

[0028] The following will further elaborate on the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the loading mechanism;

[0031] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the tray surface;

[0032] Figure 4 is the layout schematic diagram of the first photoelectric switch and the second photoelectric switch;

[0033] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism;

[0034] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the height adjustment mechanism;

[0035] Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the lower layer frame;

[0036] Figure 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the upper layer frame;

[0037] Figure 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the limiting part;

[0038] Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the use state of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the control principle of the present invention.

[0040] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0041] 1 - Loading mechanism; 2 - Feeding mechanism; 3 - Heating furnace; 4 - Height adjustment mechanism; 5 - Control system; 6 - Special-shaped steel rail; 7 - Air spraying mechanism; 8 - Guide bracket; 9 - Feeding bracket; 10 - Unloading mechanism; 1-1 - Base; 1-2 - Loading bracket; 1-3 - Pulling trolley; 1-4 - First guide rail; 1-5 - First rack; 1-6 - First lifting mechanism; 1-7 - Driving mechanism; 1-8 - Tray; 1-9 - First gear; 1-10 - First slider; 1-11 - Support column; 1-12 - First photoelectric switch; 1-13 - Second photoelectric switch; 1-14 - First upper limit switch; 1-15 - First lower limit switch; 1-16 - Spring type universal ball; 1-17 - Strip hole; 2-1 - Transverse movement mechanism; 2-2 - Material clamping mechanism; 2-3 - Longitudinal movement mechanism; 4-1 - Upper layer frame; 4-2 - Lower layer frame; 4-3 - Third lifting mechanism; 4-4 - First guiding column; 4-5 - First guiding sleeve; 4-6 - Second cable-pulling displacement sensor; 4-7 - Second upper limit switch; 4-8 - Second lower limit switch; 4-9 - Limit block; 7-1 - Frame; 7-2 - Second lifting mechanism; 7-3 - Air spraying box; 7-4 - First cable-pulling displacement sensor; 1-6-1 - Diamond jack; 1-6-2 - Fourth motor; 2-1-1 - Moving trolley; 2-1-2 - Third rack; 2-1-3 - Third guide rail; 2-1-4 - Third slider; 2-1-5 - Second motor; 2-1-6 - Second guiding sleeve; 2-2-1 - Base; 2-2-2 - First hydraulic cylinder; 2-2-3 - Clamping block; 2-2-4 - Claw; 2-2-5 - Second hydraulic cylinder; 2-2-6 - Movable block; 2-2-7 - First hydraulic pump; 2-2-8 - Second hydraulic pump; 2-2-9 - Second guiding column; 2-3-1 - Longitudinal beam; 2-3-2 - Second rack; 2-3-3 - Second guide rail; 2-3-4 - Second slider; 2-3-5 - Base plate; 2-3-6 - First motor; 2-3-7 - Second gear; 4-3-1 - Sixth motor; 4-3-2 - Second reducer; 4-3-3 - Second elevator; 4-3-4 - Transmission shaft; 7-2-1 - Fifth motor; 7-2-2 - First reducer; 7-2-3 - First elevator; 7-2-4 - Guide rod. Detailed implementation mode [[ID=】]

[0042] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments, but the implementation manners of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0043] Please also refer to Figures 1 to 11, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a heat treatment device for the heel end of a special-shaped steel rail, which includes a feeding mechanism 1, a feeding mechanism 2, a heating furnace 3, a height adjustment mechanism 4, and a control system 5; the heating furnace 3 is arranged on the height adjustment mechanism 4, the feeding mechanism 1 is arranged side by side on one side of the feeding end of the heating furnace 3, and the feeding mechanism 2 is arranged along the feeding direction of the heating furnace 3 and is located between the two feeding mechanisms 1 close to the heating furnace 3;

[0044] The feeding mechanism 1 includes a base 1-1, a feeding support 1-2, and a pulling trolley 1-3. The feeding support 1-2 is fixed on one side of the base 1-1 and is perpendicular to the feeding direction of the heating furnace 3. On both sides of the table surface of the base 1-1 in the direction parallel to the feeding support 1-2, there are first guide rails 1-4. In the middle of the table surface of the base 1-1, there is a first rack 1-5. The pulling trolley 1-3 is arranged above the first guide rails 1-4 and is slidably connected to the first guide rails 1-4; in the pulling trolley 1-3, there are a first lifting mechanism 1-6 and a driving mechanism 1-7. At the top of the first lifting mechanism 1-6, there is a tray 1-8. The driving mechanism 1-7 drives the pulling trolley 1-3 to move along the first guide rails 1-4 through a first gear 1-9 meshing with the first rack 1-5, and lifts the special-shaped steel rail 6 on the feeding support 1-2 through the tray 1-8 and then transfers it to the feeding mechanism 2.

[0045] The driving mechanism 1-7 is a third motor arranged vertically. The third motor is a servo motor and is electrically connected to the control system 5. The main shaft of the third motor extends out of the lower end surface of the pulling trolley 1-3, and the first gear 1-9 is fixed on the main shaft of the third motor and meshes with the first rack 1-5, thereby providing power for the movement of the pulling trolley 1-3. At the same time, on both sides of the lower end of the pulling trolley 1-3, there are first sliders 1-10. The first sliders 1-10 are slidably connected to the first guide rails 1-4, providing a good guiding effect for the pulling trolley 1-3. When the control system 5 controls the third motor to start, the motor shaft drives the first gear 1-9 to rotate. The first gear 1-9 moves linearly along the first rack 1-5, causing the first sliders 1-10 to slide along the first guide rails 1-4, so that the pulling trolley 1-3 moves along the base 1-1.

[0046] The first lifting mechanism 1-6 is composed of a diamond jack 1-6-1 and a fourth motor 1-6-2 for driving the diamond jack 1-6-1; a support column 1-11 is fixed to the top end of the diamond jack 1-6-1, and the tray 1-8 is fixed to the top end of the support column 1-11 and is located above the material pulling trolley 1-3. The fourth motor 1-6-2 is a servo motor and is electrically connected to the control system 5. After the control system 5 controls the fourth motor 1-6-2 to start, the fourth motor 1-6-2 controls the diamond jack 1-6-1 to move up or down.

[0047] Further, a first photoelectric switch 1-12 and a second photoelectric switch 1-13 are fixed to the upper end of the material pulling trolley 1-3, and the first photoelectric switch 1-12 and the second photoelectric switch 1-13 are arranged parallel to the feeding support 1-2 and are respectively located on both sides of the tray 1-8, and are electrically connected to the control system 5.

[0048] The first photoelectric switch 1-12 and the second photoelectric switch 1-13 respectively act on the A direction and the B direction of the special-shaped steel rail 6 to be conveyed, and are used to identify the position of the special-shaped steel rail 6 to be conveyed. When the special-shaped steel rail 6 to be conveyed is fed in the A direction, the first photoelectric switch 1-12 works and the second photoelectric switch 1-13 does not work; when the special-shaped steel rail 6 to be conveyed is fed in the B direction, the second photoelectric switch 1-13 works and the first photoelectric switch 1-12 does not work. The control system 5 controls the start of the third motor according to the signals sent by the first photoelectric switch 1-12 and the second photoelectric switch 1-13, so as to control the start and stop of the material pulling trolley 1-3.

[0049] Preferably, in order to protect the feeding mechanism 1 and prevent the first lifting mechanism 1-6 from losing control of the lifting and falling of the steel rail after a failure of the control system 5, thereby damaging the feeding system; a first upper limit switch 1-14 and a first lower limit switch 1-15 are arranged inside the material pulling trolley 1-3, and the first upper limit switch 1-14 and the first lower limit switch 1-15 are both connected in series with the power supply line of the fourth motor 1-6-2. After a failure of the control system 5, when the position where the first lifting mechanism 1-6 is lifted triggers the first upper limit switch 1-14, the first upper limit switch 1-14 cuts off the power supply of the fourth motor 1-6-2 and stops the lifting action; or when the position where the first lifting mechanism 1-6 falls triggers the first lower limit switch 1-15, the first lower limit switch 1-15 cuts off the power supply of the fourth motor 1-6-2 and stops the falling action.

[0050] When the special-shaped steel rail 6 to be loaded is placed obliquely on the loading bracket 1-2, the included angle with the loading bracket 1-2 is α. When the material-pulling trolley 1-3 feeds the rail to the working position, the included angle with the loading bracket 1-2 should be 90°. Therefore, during the feeding process, the rail will rotate, and the rotation angle is 90° - α, and the rail will move back and forth, and the moving distance is L / cot(90° - α) - L, where L is the distance between the two loading brackets 1-2. The inclined rail will undergo rotational adjustment and longitudinal adjustment during the feeding process. Due to the friction between the bottom of the rail and the plane of the tray 1-8, the material-pulling trolley 1-3 will have complex sliding during the movement, resulting in the actual position of the rail not being exactly perpendicular to the loading bracket 1-2 when it reaches the working position, and there may be a certain deflection angle, which affects the positioning accuracy of the working position. Therefore, in the present invention, a number of spring-type universal balls 1-16 are inlaid on the upper end surface of the tray 1-8. When the first lifting mechanism 1-6 lifts the rail, the bottom of the rail contacts the spring-type universal balls 1-16. When the inclined rail moves towards the working position, the rail can freely rotate and move back and forth on the spring-type universal balls 1-16, so that the rail is in a state perpendicular to the loading bracket 1-2 when it reaches the working position.

[0051] In order to further reduce the problem of inaccurate feeding caused by the lateral movement distance error of each material-pulling trolley 1-3, two strip holes 1-17 are arranged on the tray 1-8 along the direction parallel to the loading bracket 1-2. The strip holes 1-17 are located on both sides of the center of the tray 1-8, and the heads of the first photoelectric switch 1-12 and the second photoelectric switch 1-13 are respectively directed towards the corresponding strip holes 1-17. The two photoelectric switches detect the position of the rail through the strip holes 1-17. Since the detection position is the central position in the moving direction of the tray 1-8, and under the action of the spring-type universal balls 1-16, the position of the rail will not change during the rotational adjustment in the feeding process, which further ensures the accuracy of loading.

[0052] Furthermore, the heat treatment device further includes a blowing mechanism 7. The blowing mechanism 7 includes a frame 7-1. A second lifting mechanism 7-2 is fixed to the upper end of the frame 7-1. A blowing box 7-3 is arranged below the frame 7-1, and the blowing box 7-3 is located directly above the feeding direction of the heating furnace 3. The blowing box 7-3 is connected to the second lifting mechanism 7-2, and the second lifting mechanism 7-2 drives the blowing box 7-3 to move up and down.

[0053] Specifically, the second lifting mechanism 7-2 includes a fifth motor 7-2-1, a first speed reducer 7-2-2, and a first elevator 7-2-3. The fifth motor 7-2-1 drives the first elevator 7-2-3 through the first speed reducer 7-2-2, and the first elevator 7-2-3 is fixed at both ends of the frame 7-1. When the fifth motor 7-2-1 drives the first elevator 7-2-3 to move, under the action of the guide rod 7-2-4 between the frame 7-1 and the air spraying box 7-3, the air spraying box 7-3 can move up and down to reach the set position. The fifth motor 7-2-1 is electrically connected to the control system 5, and the control system 5 controls the start and stop of the fifth motor 7-2-1, thereby controlling the lifting of the second lifting mechanism 7-2.

[0054] The air spraying mechanism 7 further includes a first cable displacement sensor 7-4 electrically connected to the control system 5. Both ends of the first cable displacement sensor 7-4 are fixed on the frame 7-1 and the air spraying box 7-3 respectively. The descending and ascending distances of the air spraying box 7-3 are set by the control system 5 and controlled by the first cable displacement sensor 7-4. When the air spraying box 7-3 descends to the set distance, the first cable displacement sensor 7-4 sends a signal to the control system 5, and the control system 5 controls the fifth motor 7-2-1 to stop running. Then, the control system 5 controls the air spraying box 7-3 to spray and cool the heat-treated special-shaped steel rail 6.

[0055] Further, the feeding mechanism 2 includes a transverse moving mechanism 2-1, a clamping mechanism 2-2, and a longitudinal moving mechanism 2-3. The transverse moving mechanism 2-1 is arranged above the longitudinal moving mechanism 2-3, and the clamping mechanism 2-2 is arranged above the transverse moving mechanism 2-1.

[0056] Specifically, the material clamping mechanism 2-2 includes a base 2-2-1 and a first hydraulic cylinder 2-2-2. The first hydraulic cylinder 2-2-2 is vertically fixed on the transverse moving mechanism 2-1. The base 2-2-1 is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 2-2-2. A pair of clamping blocks 2-2-3 are symmetrically and slidably connected to the upper end of the base 2-2-1, and a pair of claws 2-2-4 are symmetrically hinged. The claws 2-2-4 are respectively located below the clamping blocks 2-2-3. A second hydraulic cylinder 2-2-5 is vertically fixed in the middle of the base 2-2-1. The end of the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 2-2-5 is fixed with a movable block 2-2-6, and the movable block 2-2-6 is located between the claws 2-2-4. One end of the claw 2-2-4 penetrates into the lower end surface of the clamping block 2-2-3, and the other end penetrates into the side surface of the movable block 2-2-6. By driving the movable block 2-2-6 to move downward through the second hydraulic cylinder 2-2-5, the movable block 2-2-6 drives the claws 2-2-4 to rotate inward simultaneously. Furthermore, the claws 2-2-4 drive the clamping blocks 2-2-3 to slide horizontally inward simultaneously to clamp the special-shaped steel rail 6. Then, the transverse position of the special-shaped steel rail 6 is adjusted through the transverse moving mechanism 2-1, and the special-shaped steel rail 6 is sent into the heating furnace 3 through the longitudinal moving mechanism 2-3. The first hydraulic pump 2-2-7 and the second hydraulic pump 2-2-8 that control the first hydraulic cylinder 2-2-2 and the second hydraulic cylinder 2-2-5 are both electrically connected to the control system 5.

[0057] The longitudinal moving mechanism 2-3 includes a longitudinal beam 2-3-1. A second rack 2-3-2 and a second guide rail 2-3-3 are fixed on the longitudinal beam 2-3-1. Above the second guide rail 2-3-3, a bottom plate 2-3-5 is slidably connected through a second slider 2-3-4. A first motor 2-3-6 is fixed below the bottom plate 2-3-5. A second gear 2-3-7 is fixed on the main shaft of the first motor 2-3-6. The second gear 2-3-7 meshes with the second rack 2-3-2. The first motor 2-3-6 is electrically connected to the control system 5, and the first motor 2-3-6 is a servo motor. The control system 5 controls the start and stop of the first motor 2-3-6. At the same time, the first motor 2-3-6 sends the stroke of the second gear 2-3-7 to the control system 5. When the first motor 2-3-6 works, it drives the second gear 2-3-7 to rotate. The second gear 2-3-7 moves linearly along the second rack 2-3-2. At the same time, the second slider 2-3-4 moves linearly along the second guide rail 2-3-3. Thus, the longitudinal moving mechanism 2-3 drives the transverse moving mechanism 2-1 above, and the transverse moving mechanism 2-1 drives the material clamping mechanism 2-2 above to achieve precise longitudinal movement.

[0058] The transverse movement mechanism 2-1 includes a moving trolley 2-1-1, a third rack 2-1-2, and a third guide rail 2-1-3. The third rack 2-1-2 and the third guide rail 2-1-3 are fixed on the upper end surface of the bottom plate 2-3-5 and are perpendicular to the second rack 2-3-2 and the second guide rail 2-3-3. The moving trolley 2-1-1 is slidably connected to the third guide rail 2-1-3 through a third slider 2-1-4, and a second motor 2-1-5 is fixed to the bottom thereof. A third gear is fixed to the main shaft of the second motor 2-1-5, and the third gear meshes with the third rack 2-1-2. The second motor 2-1-5 is electrically connected to the control system 5, and the second motor 2-1-5 is a servo motor. The control system 5 controls the start and stop of the second motor 2-1-5, and at the same time, the second motor 2-1-5 sends the stroke of the third gear to the control system 5. When the second motor 2-1-5 operates, it drives the third gear to rotate, and the third gear moves linearly along the third rack 2-1-2. At the same time, the third slider 2-1-4 moves linearly along the third guide rail 2-1-3, so that the clamping mechanism 2-2 above the transverse movement mechanism 2-1 realizes precise transverse movement.

[0059] The first hydraulic cylinder 2-2-2 is vertically fixed on the moving trolley 2-1-1. Second guide columns 2-2-9 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base 2-2-1. A second guide sleeve 2-1-6 is provided on the moving trolley 2-1-1, and the second guide sleeve 2-1-6 is sleeved on the second guide column 2-2-9. When the first hydraulic cylinder 2-2-2 operates, the piston rod drives the base 2-2-1 to move upward, and the second guide column 2-2-9 on the base 2-2-1 moves upward along the second guide sleeve 2-1-6, so that the clamping mechanism 2-2 enters the preparatory working state.

[0060] The feeding mechanism 2 fixes the web of the profiled steel rail and realizes longitudinal feeding to ensure the heating length of the profiled steel rail entering the furnace. At the same time, the clamping mechanism 2-2 can move left and right under the action of the transverse movement mechanism 2-1 and has the function of moving up and down itself, which can adjust the position of the profiled steel rail 5 in the heating furnace 1 to ensure that the heated part of the profiled steel rail 6 is at the center of the heating furnace 3.

[0061] Furthermore, the height adjustment mechanism 4 includes an upper frame 4-1, a lower frame 4-2, a third lifting mechanism 4-3, and a first guiding column 4-4. The upper frame 4-1 is fixed to the lower end of the heating furnace 3. The third lifting mechanism 4-3 is fixed to the lower frame 4-2, and the upper end of the third lifting mechanism 4-3 is connected to the upper frame 4-1. The first guiding column 4-4 is fixed to the lower frame 4-2, and the upper frame 4-1 is connected to a first guiding sleeve 4-5 sleeved on the first guiding column 4-4. The third lifting mechanism 4-3 drives the upper frame 4-1 to move up and down along the first guiding column 4-4, so that relative movement can occur between the upper frame 4-1 and the lower frame 4-2, ensuring that the position of the special-shaped steel rail in the heating furnace 3 meets the process requirements.

[0062] Four first guiding columns 4-4 are provided on the height adjustment mechanism 4, located at the four corners of the lower frame 4-2. When the heating furnace 3 needs to be adjusted in height, the third lifting mechanism 4-3 controls the lifting of the upper frame 4-1, and the first guiding sleeve 4-5 moves up and down along the first guiding column 4-4, playing a guiding role to ensure the accuracy of the up and down displacement.

[0063] Specifically, the third lifting mechanism 4-3 includes a sixth motor 4-3-1, a second speed reducer 4-3-2, and a second lifter 4-3-3. The sixth motor 4-3-1 drives the second lifter 4-3-3 through the second speed reducer 4-3-2. The second lifter 4-3-3 is fixed to both ends of the lower frame 4-2, and its upper end is connected to the upper frame 4-1. The sixth motor 4-3-1 and the second speed reducer 4-3-2, as well as the second speed reducer 4-3-2 and the second lifter 4-3-3, are all connected by a transmission shaft 4-3-4. The sixth motor 4-3-1 is electrically connected to the control system 5, and the control system 5 controls the start and stop of the sixth motor 4-3-1, thereby controlling the lifting of the third lifting mechanism 4-3.

[0064] Considering the overall volume and installation of the equipment, a common sixth motor is selected in the present invention. To cooperate with the use of the sixth motor 4-3-1, the height adjustment mechanism 4 further includes a second cable displacement sensor 4-6. The base of the second cable displacement sensor 4-6 is installed on the lower frame 4-2, and its end is installed on the upper frame 4-1. The second cable displacement sensor 4-6 is electrically connected to the control system 5. When the upper frame 4-1 needs to lift the heating furnace 3 upwards, the lifting distance is set by the control system 5 and controlled by the second cable displacement sensor 4-6. When the heating furnace 3 is lifted to the set distance, the second cable displacement sensor 4-6 sends a signal to the control system 5, and the control system 5 controls the sixth motor 4-3-1 to stop running.

[0065] To protect the heating furnace 1 and the entire height adjustment mechanism 4, the height adjustment mechanism 4 further includes a second upper limit switch 4-7, a second lower limit switch 4-8, and a limit block 4-9; the limit block 4-9 is fixed below the upper layer frame 4-1, and the second upper limit switch 4-7 and the second lower limit switch 4-8 are fixed on the lower layer frame 4-2 and located on one side of the limit block 4-9 and cooperate with the limit block 4-9; the second upper limit switch 4-7 and the second lower limit switch 4-8 are respectively connected in series with the power supply line of the sixth motor 4-3-1; when the control system 5 fails and the second limit switch 4-7 or the second lower limit switch 4-8 is triggered by the limit block 4-9, the second upper limit switch 4-7 or the second lower limit switch 4-8 immediately cuts off the power supply line of the sixth motor 4-3-1 to stop its operation, so that the height adjustment mechanism 4 stops working.

[0066] Furthermore, the heat treatment device further includes a guiding support 8 and a feeding support 9. Both the guiding support 8 and the feeding support 9 are arranged in the feeding direction of the heating furnace 3. The guiding support 8 is located outside the feeding port of the heating furnace 3, and there are several feeding supports 9, all of which are located behind the feeding mechanism 2.

[0067] The heat treatment device further includes a blanking mechanism 10. The blanking mechanism 10 is arranged opposite to the feeding mechanism 1. After the special-shaped steel rail 6 is heat-treated, it is blanked through the blanking mechanism 10. The blanking mechanism 10 uses flat pushing for blanking, and rolling bearings are installed on the blanking rack to reduce the blanking resistance.

[0068] The working process of the heat treatment device is as follows (taking the A direction as an example):

[0069] Moving of the material pulling trolley: When feeding the processing equipment at the working position in the A direction is required, first place the special-shaped steel rail with the bottom of the rail facing down vertically on the loading bracket, then start the control system. The control system controls the first photoelectric switch to be powered on and work. The third motors of the material pulling trolleys at the working position in the A direction rotate forward, driving the first gears at the ends to rotate and start moving horizontally along the first rack, and the moving accuracy is ensured through the guide rail pair at the lower end of the material pulling trolley. When the first photoelectric switch of the material pulling trolley closest to the rail is triggered, this material pulling trolley stops moving, and the first motor of this material pulling trolley records its moving distance S1. At this time, this material pulling trolley is at the bottom of the rail, and the remaining material pulling trolleys continue to move until the first photoelectric switches of all material pulling trolleys are triggered, that is, after all material pulling trolleys have moved to the bottom of the rail, the third motors respectively record the moving distances S2, S3... of the corresponding material pulling trolleys. The control system calculates the required time T based on the maximum distance among the moving distances S1, S2, S3... of the material pulling trolleys and the maximum speed of the material pulling trolleys, and calculates the moving speeds V1, V2, V3... of the remaining material pulling trolleys based on the required time T.

[0070] Lifting of the rail: The control system sends a lifting instruction to the fourth motor of the first lifting mechanism of the material pulling trolley to lift the special-shaped steel rail as a whole. When it is lifted to the specified position, the control system controls the fourth motor to power off and the lifting process stops. At this time, the special-shaped steel rail disengages from the loading bracket and contacts the spring-type universal balls on the tray, being in a floating state;

[0071] Feeding of the rail: The control system respectively sends horizontal movement instructions to the third motors of each material pulling trolley, and each material pulling trolley moves towards the working position in the A direction at the speeds of V1, V2, V3... respectively. During the horizontal feeding process, the special-shaped steel rail slowly rotates for angle adjustment so that when it reaches the working position, the rail is in a state perpendicular to the loading bracket; at the same time, ensure that the trailing end rail head of the special-shaped steel rail is at the center of the heating furnace and the air injection box;

[0072] Landing and positioning of the rail: When each material pulling trolley reaches the working position in the A direction, at this time the special-shaped steel rail is completely in a state perpendicular to the loading rack. At this time, the control system sends a landing instruction to the fourth motor. After the first lifting mechanism descends to the specified position, the control system controls the fourth motor to power off, completing the feeding of the special-shaped steel rail. At the same time, the special-shaped steel rail is located on the guiding bracket and the feeding bracket, and the remaining rails are sent to the working position in the A direction in sequence according to this process. When feeding the equipment at the working position in the B direction is required, use the same method;

[0073] Longitudinal feeding and heating: When the special-shaped steel rail reaches the specified position, the clamping mechanism jacks up. After reaching the set position, the clamping block clamps the rail. The first lifting mechanism of the material pulling trolley descends to the initial position, and the feeding mechanism starts, driving the special-shaped steel rail to feed towards the heating furnace direction. After reaching the set value, the feeding mechanism stops, and the heating furnace heats the trailing end of the special-shaped steel rail;

[0074] Blowing air cooling for profiled steel rail: After heating is completed, the feeding mechanism starts to retract, withdraws the profiled steel rail from the heating furnace, stops at the designated position, and starts the air blowing mechanism to blow air and cool the rail head.

[0075] Return of profiled steel rail to the initial position: After the air blowing is completed, the air blowing box is lifted to the initial position, the feeding mechanism retracts to the initial zero position. After reaching the position, the first lifting mechanism of the material pulling trolley rises to the high position, the clamping block of the clamping mechanism is loosened, and the clamping mechanism descends to the initial zero position.

[0076] Unloading: After the clamping mechanism descends to the initial position, the material pulling trolley starts and moves to the unloading position. After reaching the position, the unloading mechanism pushes the workpiece horizontally for unloading.

[0077] Among them, each set value can be obtained through experiments according to different types of profiled steel rails, and the experimental results are saved in the parameter formulas of different products. Through the PLC control technology, the whole process is fully automated. When the trailing end of the profiled steel rail is in the B direction, the specific process is the same as above, and only the heating furnace, air blowing mechanism, feeding mechanism, loading mechanism, and unloading mechanism in the other direction need to be started. The specific operation process refers to the actions of the equipment in the A direction.

[0078] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is only limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can still be made, and all should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special-shaped steel rail heel-end heat treatment device, characterized in that, It includes a heating furnace, a loading mechanism, and a feeding mechanism; the heating furnace is arranged on a height adjustment mechanism, the loading mechanisms are arranged side by side on one side of the feeding end of the heating furnace, and the feeding mechanism is arranged along the feeding direction of the heating furnace and is located between two adjacent loading mechanisms close to the heating furnace; The loading mechanism includes a base, a loading bracket, and a pulling trolley. The loading bracket is fixed on one side of the base and is perpendicular to the feeding direction of the heating furnace. First guide rails are arranged on both sides of the tabletop of the base in the direction parallel to the loading bracket, and a first rack is arranged in the middle of the tabletop of the base. The pulling trolley is arranged above the first guide rails and is slidably connected to the first guide rails; a first lifting mechanism and a driving mechanism are arranged in the pulling trolley. A tray is arranged at the top of the first lifting mechanism. The driving mechanism drives the pulling trolley to move along the first guide rails through a first gear meshing with the first rack, and the special-shaped steel rail on the loading bracket is lifted by the tray and then transferred to the feeding mechanism; a plurality of spring type universal balls are fixed at the upper end of the tray; The feeding mechanism includes a lateral movement mechanism, a clamping mechanism, and a longitudinal movement mechanism; the lateral movement mechanism is arranged above the longitudinal movement mechanism, and the clamping mechanism is arranged above the lateral movement mechanism; The clamping mechanism includes a base and a first hydraulic cylinder. The first hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed on the lateral movement mechanism, and the base is fixed at the end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder. A pair of clamping blocks are symmetrically and slidably connected to the upper end of the base, and a pair of claws are symmetrically hinged, and the claws are respectively located below the clamping blocks; a second hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed in the middle of the base, and an active block is fixed at the end of the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder, and the active block is located between the claws; one end of the claw penetrates into the lower end face of the clamping block, and the other end penetrates into the side face of the active block. The second hydraulic cylinder drives the active block to move downward, the active block drives the claws to rotate inward simultaneously, and then the claws drive the clamping blocks to slide inward horizontally simultaneously to clamp the special-shaped steel rail. Then, the lateral position of the special-shaped steel rail is adjusted through the lateral movement mechanism, and the special-shaped steel rail is sent into the heating furnace through the longitudinal movement mechanism; Two sets of the feeding mechanisms and the heating furnace are arranged in sequence in the opposite direction. A first photoelectric switch and a second photoelectric switch are fixed at the upper end of the pulling trolley, and the first photoelectric switch and the second photoelectric switch are arranged along the direction parallel to the loading bracket and are respectively located on both sides of the tray. The first photoelectric switch and the second photoelectric switch respectively act on two directions of the special-shaped steel rail to be conveyed.

2. The special-shaped rail heel-end heat treatment device according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes a blowing mechanism. The blowing mechanism includes a frame. A second lifting mechanism is fixed at the upper end of the frame, and a blowing box is arranged below the frame, and the blowing box is located directly above the feeding direction of the heating furnace; The blowing box is connected to the second lifting mechanism, and the second lifting mechanism drives the blowing box to move up and down.

3. The special-shaped steel rail heel-end heat treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height adjustment mechanism includes an upper frame, a lower frame, a third lifting mechanism, and a first guiding column. The upper frame is fixed to the lower end of the heating furnace; the third lifting mechanism is fixed to the lower frame, and the upper end of the third lifting mechanism is connected to the upper frame; the first guiding column is fixed to the lower frame, and the upper frame is connected to a first guiding sleeve sleeved on the first guiding column. The upper frame is driven by the third lifting mechanism to move up and down along the first guiding column.

4. The special-shaped steel rail heel end heat treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The longitudinal movement mechanism includes a longitudinal beam, on which a second rack and a second guide rail are fixed; a bottom plate is slidably connected above the second guide rail, a first motor is fixed below the bottom plate, a second gear is fixed on the main shaft of the first motor, and the second gear meshes with the second rack; the transverse movement mechanism includes a moving trolley, a third rack and a third guide rail. The third rack and the third guide rail are fixed on the upper end surface of the bottom plate and are perpendicular to the second rack and the second guide rail. The moving trolley is slidably connected to the third guide rail and a second motor is fixed to its bottom. A third gear is fixed on the main shaft of the second motor, and the third gear meshes with the third rack; the first hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed on the moving trolley. Second guiding columns are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base, and a second guiding sleeve is arranged on the moving trolley and sleeved on the second guiding column.

5. The special-shaped steel rail heel end heat treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat treatment device further includes a guiding support and a feeding support. Both the guiding support and the feeding support are arranged in the feeding direction of the heating furnace, and the guiding support is located outside the feeding port of the heating furnace, and the feeding support is located behind the feeding mechanism.

6. The special-shaped steel rail heel end heat treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The driving mechanism is a vertically arranged third motor, and the first gear is fixed on the main shaft of the third motor; the first lifting mechanism is composed of a diamond jack and a fourth motor for driving the diamond jack; a support column is fixed to the top end of the diamond jack, and the tray is fixed to the top end of the support column; the second lifting mechanism includes a fifth motor, a first speed reducer and a first lifter, and the fifth motor drives the first lifter through the first speed reducer; the third lifting mechanism includes a sixth motor, a second reducer and a second lifter. The sixth motor drives the second lifter through the second reducer, and the upper end of the second lifter is connected to the upper frame.

7. The special-shaped rail heel end heat treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It further includes a control system, which controls the first hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder, the first motor, the second motor, the third motor, the fourth motor, the fifth motor and the sixth motor to work together.

8. The device for heat treatment of the heel end of the profiled steel rail according to claim 7, characterized in that, The air spraying mechanism further includes a first rope-pulling displacement sensor electrically connected to the control system. Both ends of the first rope-pulling displacement sensor are respectively fixed on the machine frame and the air spraying box.

9. The special-shaped steel rail heel end heat treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The height adjustment mechanism further includes a second rope-pulling displacement sensor electrically connected to the control system. Both ends of the second rope-pulling displacement sensor are respectively fixed on the lower frame and the upper frame.

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