A method for generating the most dangerous three-dimensional sliding surface of an open-pit mine slope based on multiple profiles

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for generating the most dangerous three-dimensional slip surface of an open-pit mine slope based on multiple profiles, which relates to the calculation of slope stability and generates the dangerous three-dimensional slip surface of the slope. This method first sets the profile lines so that each profile line has a uniquely corresponding profile name; secondly, horizontal positioning coordinates and elevation positioning coordinates are set on the generated profile diagrams to make the profile lines correspond to the profile diagrams, and the slope stability of each profile is automatically calculated through a program; then, through the coordinate transformation formula, the two-dimensional slip surface lines of the multi-profile slope are transformed into the three-dimensional slope space, and all the slope slip surface lines are drawn in the three-dimensional slope space; finally, surface lofting is performed on the slope space slip surface lines to generate the most dangerous three-dimensional slip surface of the slope. This method generates the three-dimensional slip surface of the open-pit mine slope through multiple profiles, accurately displays the spatial shape of the most dangerous slip surface of the slope, and is of great significance for predicting the scale and degree of damage of potential slope sliding bodies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of open-pit mine slope stability, and particularly relates to a method for generating the most dangerous three-dimensional slip surface of an open-pit mine slope based on multiple profiles. Background Technique

[0002] Slope stability is a prerequisite for ensuring the continuous and efficient production of open-pit mines and the safety of operating personnel, equipment, and surrounding facilities. In addition to calculating the slope stability coefficient, determining the most dangerous slip surface is also one of the main contents of open-pit mine slope stability analysis. However, the slip surface line on a single profile is difficult to intuitively and accurately express the spatial shape of the slip surface and the scope of the sliding mass. How to generate a three-dimensional slip surface of an open-pit mine slope through multiple profiles and accurately display the spatial shape of the most dangerous slip surface of the slope and the shape and size of the three-dimensional sliding mass is of great significance for predicting the scale of potential slope sliding masses and the degree of damage.

[0003] Among the currently commonly used methods for generating the most dangerous three-dimensional slip surface of a slope, the most dangerous three-dimensional slip surface is mainly obtained through three-dimensional slope stability calculation. This method has not been widely used because it is necessary to establish a complex three-dimensional slope model and many simplifications have been made in the three-dimensional slope stability calculation method. To generate the most dangerous three-dimensional slip surface of a slope, many scholars and engineering and technical personnel have done a lot of research. In 2009, Yang Kun searched for a most dangerous slip surface of a slope by calculating the minimum safety factor. In 2016, Cui Yang, Li Qingyuan, etc. proposed a calculation method for converting the three-dimensional coordinates of exploration line profiles into profile Figure 2 three-dimensional coordinates. In 2017, Zhao Xinfei proposed a genetic algorithm to search for potential dangerous sliding surfaces of three-dimensional slopes. In 2018, Sun Shiguo conducted three-dimensional slope stability analysis and dangerous slip surface search based on GIS and used ArcScene to generate the three-dimensional terrain of the sliding surface. In 2019, Yu Xiuling combined the Bishop method with an improved fruit fly optimization algorithm for searching the most dangerous circular arc slip surface. Due to technical limitations, these studies have not involved generating the most dangerous three-dimensional slip surface of an open-pit mine slope through multiple profiles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for generating the most dangerous three-dimensional slip surface of an open-pit mine slope based on multiple profiles, which generates the most dangerous three-dimensional slip surface of the slope through multi-profile slope stability calculation. To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for generating the most dangerous three-dimensional slip surface of an open-pit mine slope based on multiple profiles, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Association between the slope calculation profile and the three-dimensional slope space. The slope calculation profile is a two-dimensional plan view. To convert the slip surface line on the slope calculation profile diagram into the three-dimensional slope diagram, it is necessary to set the profile line in the three-dimensional slope diagram and its corresponding slope calculation profile diagram. The specific method is as follows:

[0006] Step 1.1: Hatch line setting. In the 3D slope map, each profile line has a unique profile name, and the profile names are respectively set as the extended data of each profile line;

[0007] Step 1.2: Calculation of the profile. In addition to the profile name setting, in order to return the slope slip surface line in the calculated profile to the 3D slope space, it is also necessary to set the coordinate positions associated with the 3D slope space for the profile. The specific method is as follows:

[0008] Step 1.2.1: In the profile, set the corresponding profile name as the extended data for all rock layer polygons, stope benches, horizontal positioning lines, elevation positioning lines, and various types of graphic elements for annotation;

[0009] Step 1.2.2: Profile positioning coordinate setting. The coordinates associated with the 3D slope space for the profile are divided into horizontal positioning coordinates and elevation positioning coordinates. These two types of positioning coordinates are respectively set on different types of graphic elements in the profile. The specific method is as follows:

[0010] Step 1.2.2.1: Profile horizontal positioning coordinate setting. Let the horizontal coordinates of the two endpoints P0 and P1 of a profile line P0P1 in the 3D slope space be P0(x0, y0) and P1(x1, y1) respectively, where P0 is the starting point and P1 is the ending point of the profile line P0P1; there are two horizontal positioning lines on the profile corresponding to the profile line P0P1, and both of these horizontal positioning lines are vertical lines. Let the left horizontal positioning line be l0 and the right horizontal positioning line be l1. Set the coordinates (x0, y0) of the starting point P0 of the profile line P0P1 as the link data of the left horizontal positioning line l0 as one of the horizontal positioning coordinates. Similarly, set the coordinates (x1, y1) of the ending point P1 of the profile line P0P1 as the link data of the right horizontal positioning line l1 as the other horizontal positioning coordinate;

[0011] Step 1.2.2.2: Profile elevation positioning coordinate setting. Since the graphic elevation coordinates of the profile are not actual elevation values, elevation positioning lines are required in the profile for elevation positioning. The elevation positioning lines are multiple horizontal lines, and each elevation positioning line represents an actual elevation value. Set the actual elevation value as the link data of each elevation positioning line as the elevation positioning coordinate.

[0012] Step 2: Conversion of the multi-profile slope slip surface line to the 3D slope space. Through the horizontal positioning line and elevation positioning line on the profile, convert the vertex coordinates of the slope slip surface line on the profile to the 3D slope space coordinates to achieve the conversion of the multi-profile slope slip surface line to the 3D slope space. The specific method is as follows:

[0013] Step 2.1: Automatically obtain the profile corresponding to the profile line;

[0014] Select the profile line corresponding to the profile for which the slope slip surface line conversion is required on the plan view to obtain the extended profile name data for each profile line. The resulting set of profile names is S = {s1, s2, …, s j , …, s m}, where s j is the profile name of the j-th profile line, j ∈ [1, m], and m is the total number of profile names; according to the profile name, traverse the three types of graphic objects: horizontal positioning line, elevation positioning line, and slip surface line. If the extended data of the graphic object is the same as the profile name, these graphic objects form the profile corresponding to the profile line.

[0015] Step 2.2: Convert the coordinates of the profile slope slip surface line to the three-dimensional slope space coordinates. For the profile slope slip surface lines in the profiles in the set of profile names S = {s1, s2, …, s j , …, s m}, perform coordinate conversion on the slope slip surface lines in sequence. The coordinates of the profile slope slip surface line are relative coordinates and need to be converted to the coordinates of the three-dimensional slope space after calculation using the horizontal positioning coordinates and elevation positioning coordinates on the profile, so as to realize the conversion of the profile slope slip surface line to the three-dimensional slope space. The specific method is as follows:

[0016] Step 2.2.1: Convert the vertex coordinates of the profile slope slip surface line to the plane rectangular coordinates. Suppose on a profile with a profile name of s j , the vertex set of the slope slip surface line is R = {r1, r2, …, r i , …, r n}, where r i is the i-th vertex of the slope slip surface line, and the coordinates of the vertex are r i (x i , y i ), i ∈ [1, n], and n is the total number of vertices of the slip surface line; suppose the converted vertex set is R′ = {r′1, r′2, …, r′ i , …, r′ n}, where r′ i is the i-th vertex of the slip surface line, and the coordinates of the vertex are r′ i (x′ i , y′ i , z′ i ), i ∈ [1, n], and n is the total number of vertices of the slip surface line. The coordinate conversion is shown in the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] where a = |x i - x p0 |, b = |x i - x p1 |, xi , y i , z i is the original coordinate value of the i-th vertex r of the slip surface line, x i p0 , y p0 are the x and y coordinate values of the positioning coordinates of the left horizontal positioning line, x p1 , y p1 are the x and y coordinate values of the positioning coordinates of the right horizontal positioning line, y c is the y coordinate value of any elevation positioning line on the corresponding cross-sectional view, z c is the actual elevation value of this elevation positioning line.

[0019] Step 2.2.2: Draw all the slope slip surface lines into the 3D slope space. According to the coordinates in the converted set of vertices of the slope slip surface line R' = {r'1, r'2,..., r' i ,..., r' n}, plot these vertices to form the slope slip surface line in the 3D slope space.

[0020] Step 3: The slip surface line in the slope space generates the 3D most dangerous slip surface of the slope. Obtain the slip surface lines in the slope space according to the order of the bench trend of the open-pit slope, and perform surface lofting on these slip surface lines in the slope space to generate the 3D most dangerous slip surface of the slope. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is the flow chart of the method for generating the most dangerous 3D slip surface of the open-pit slope based on multiple cross-sections provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is the position of the cross-section line and the 3D model diagram of the slope provided by the method of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is the cross-sectional view of the slope stability calculation provided by the method of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is the 3D slope space slope slip surface line diagram provided by the method of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is the 3D slip surface diagram of the most dangerous open-pit slope generated by multiple cross-sections provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiment

[0026] The following combines the drawings and embodiments to further describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] ​Based on the 3D model of the Baiyinhuafirst Mine slope and the slope engineering profile diagram, a method for generating the most dangerous 3D sliding surface of an open-pit mine slope based on multiple profiles is used to obtain the spatial shape of the most dangerous sliding surface of the slope.

[0028] A method for generating the most dangerous 3D sliding surface of an open-pit mine slope based on multiple profiles, as Figure 1 shown, includes the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: Association between the slope calculation profile and the 3D slope space. The slope calculation profile is a 2D plan view. To convert the sliding surface line on the slope calculation profile diagram into the 3D slope diagram, it is necessary to set the profile line in the 3D slope diagram and its corresponding slope calculation profile diagram. The specific method is as follows:

[0030] Step 1.1: Profile line setting. In the plan view, each profile line has a unique profile name, and the profile name is set as the extended data of each profile line respectively;

[0031] In addition to setting the profile name for the calculation profile diagram, in order to draw the slope bench line onto the calculation profile diagram, it is also necessary to set the coordinate position where the profile diagram is associated with the plan view. The specific method is as follows:

[0032] Step 1.2.1: In the profile diagram, set the corresponding profile name as the extended data for all rock layer polygons, stope benches, horizontal positioning lines, elevation positioning lines, and various types of graphic elements for annotation;

[0033] Step 1.2.2: Profile diagram positioning coordinate setting. The coordinates where the profile diagram is associated with the plan view are divided into horizontal positioning coordinates and elevation positioning coordinates. These two types of positioning coordinates are set on different types of graphic elements in the profile diagram respectively. The specific method is as follows:

[0034] Step 1.2.2.1: Profile diagram horizontal positioning coordinate setting. Assume that the horizontal coordinates of the two endpoints P0 and P1 of the Figure 1 profile line P0P1 in the plane are P0(x0,y0) and P1(x1,y1) respectively, where P0 is the starting point of the profile line P0P1 and P1 is the ending point of the profile line P0P1; there are two horizontal positioning lines on the profile diagram corresponding to the profile line P0P1, and both of these horizontal positioning lines are vertical lines. Assume that the left horizontal positioning line is l0 and the right horizontal positioning line is l1. Set the coordinates (x0,y0) of the starting point P0 of the profile line P0P1 as the link data of the left horizontal positioning line l0 as one of the horizontal positioning coordinates. Similarly, set the coordinates (x1,y1) of the ending point P1 of the profile line P0P1 as the link data of the right horizontal positioning line l1 as the other horizontal positioning coordinate;

[0035] Step 1.2.2.2: Setting the elevation positioning coordinates for the sectional view. Since the graphic elevation coordinates of the sectional view are not actual elevation values, elevation positioning lines are required for elevation positioning in the sectional view. The elevation positioning lines are multiple horizontal lines, and each elevation positioning line represents an actual elevation value. Set the actual elevation value as the linked data for each elevation positioning line, serving as the elevation positioning coordinates.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, there are 5 profile lines in the 3D model of the Baiyinhu No. 1 Mine slope. The names of the profile lines are: 1-1, 2-2, 3-3, 4-4, and 5-5. Set the profile names as the extended data for these 5 profile lines respectively. The specific setting results of the profile names and extended data are shown in Table 1.

[0037] According to Step 1.2, set the profiles Figure 1-1 , 2-2, 3-3, 4-4, and 5-5. Taking the profile Figure 1-1 as an example, it has 9 rock layer polygons, 1 slope bench line, 2 horizontal positioning lines, and 10 elevation positioning lines. Set the corresponding profile name "1-1" as the extended data for these graphic objects; the starting point of profile line 1-1 is P0, and the ending point is P1. Set the coordinates of P0 (1973.914, 2662.698) as the linked data for the left horizontal positioning line l0, and set the coordinates of P1 (2769.670, 3718.609) as the linked data for the right horizontal positioning line l1; respectively set a total of 10 elevation values from 660m to 1100m with an interval of 50m as the linked data for the 10 elevation positioning lines from bottom to top, as Figure 3 shown.

[0038] Table 1 Settings of Profile Names and Extended Data

[0039] Section number Section name Extended data 1 1-1 1-1 2 2-2 2-2 3 3-3 3-3 4 4-4 4-4 5 5-5 5-5

[0040] Step 2: Converting the multi-profile slope slip surface line to the 3D slope space. Through the horizontal positioning line and elevation positioning line on the sectional view, convert the vertex coordinates of the slope slip surface line on the sectional view into 3D slope space coordinates, realizing the conversion of the multi-profile slope slip surface line to the 3D slope space. The specific method is as follows:

[0041] Step 2.1: Automatically obtain the sectional view corresponding to the profile line;

[0042] On the plan view, select the profile line corresponding to the sectional view for which the slope slip surface line conversion is required, and obtain the extended data of the profile name on each profile line. The obtained set of profile names is S = {s1, s2, …, s j , …, s m}, where s jis the profile name of the j-th profile line, where j ∈ [1, m] and m is the total number of profile names; according to the profile name, traverse the three types of graphic objects: horizontal positioning lines, elevation positioning lines, and slip surface lines. If the extended data of the graphic object is the same as the profile name, these graphic objects form the profile diagram corresponding to the profile line.

[0043] Step 2.2: Convert the coordinates of the profile slope slip surface line to the three-dimensional slope space coordinates. For the profile diagrams in the profile name set S = {s1, s2, …, s j , …, s m}, perform coordinate conversion on the slope edge slip surface lines in the profile diagrams in sequence. The coordinates of the profile slope slip surface line are relative coordinates and need to be converted to the coordinates of the three-dimensional slope space after calculation using the horizontal positioning coordinates and elevation positioning coordinates on the profile diagram, so as to realize the conversion of the profile slope slip surface line to the three-dimensional slope space. The specific method is as follows:

[0044] Step 2.2.1: Convert the vertex coordinates of the profile slope slip surface line to plane rectangular coordinates. Suppose on a profile with a profile name of s j , the vertex set of the slope slip surface line is R = {r1, r2, …, r i , …, r n}, where r i is the i-th vertex of the slope slip surface line, and the coordinates of the vertex are r i (x i , y i ), where i ∈ [1, n] and n is the total number of vertices of the slip surface line; suppose the converted vertex set is R′ = {r′1, r′2, …, r′ i , …, r′ n}, where r′ i is the i-th vertex of the slip surface line, and the coordinates of the vertex are r′ i (x′ i , y′ i , z′ i ), where i ∈ [1, n] and n is the total number of vertices of the slip surface line. The coordinate conversion is shown in the following formula:

[0045]

[0046] where a = |x i - x p0 |, b = |x i - x p1 |, x i , y i , z i are the original coordinate values of the i-th vertex r i of the slip surface line, x p0 , y p0 are the x and y coordinate values of the positioning coordinates of the left horizontal positioning line, x p1 , yp1 The x and y coordinate values of the positioning coordinates of the right horizontal positioning line, y c is the y coordinate value of any elevation positioning line on the corresponding cross-section diagram, z c is the actual elevation value of this elevation positioning line.

[0047] In this embodiment, there are 5 profile lines in the 3D model of the Baiyinhuag No. 1 Mine slope. The set of profile names is S = {1-1, 2-2, 3-3, 4-4, 5-5}. Select these 5 profile lines from the figure, obtain the profile names by extracting the extended data, and successively obtain the corresponding 5 calculated cross-section diagrams according to the profile names, and obtain three types of graphic objects: the horizontal positioning line, the elevation positioning line, and the slip surface line of each cross-section diagram, as Figure 3 shown.

[0048] Taking the profile Figure 1-1 as an example, the slope slip surface line of this profile has 234 vertices, and the vertex set of the slip surface line is R = {(8781.025, 4370.705), (8779.239, 4370.671),…, (7462.822, 4481.391),…, (7458.955, 4481.308)}. The vertex set converted to the 3D slope space coordinates is:

[0049] Respectively plot the vertex sets of the slope slip surface lines of each converted profile into the 3D slope space slope slip surface line, as Figure 4 shown.

[0050] Step 3: The slope space slip surface line generates the 3D most dangerous slip surface of the slope. Obtain the slope space slip surface line in the order of the open-pit mine slope bench trend, and perform surface lofting on these slope space slip surface lines to generate the 3D most dangerous slip surface of the slope.

[0051] In this embodiment, in the order of profile lines 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, and 1-5, perform surface lofting on the corresponding 5 slope slip surface lines in the 3D slope space to generate the 3D most dangerous slip surface of the slope, as Figure 5 shown.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for generating the most dangerous three-dimensional slip surface of an open-pit mine slope based on multiple profiles, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step 1: Before generating the most dangerous 3D sliding surface of the open-pit mine, in order to make the profile lines on the plan view correspond one by one with the profile diagrams, corresponding numbering settings are made for the profile lines on the plan view and the profile diagrams; Step 2: Convert the multi-profile slope sliding surface line into the 3D slope space. Specifically, through the horizontal positioning line and elevation positioning line on the profile diagram, convert the vertex coordinates of the slope sliding surface line on the profile diagram into 3D slope space coordinates; Step 3: Generate the 3D most dangerous sliding surface of the slope according to the slope sliding surface line in the 3D slope space. Specifically, obtain the slope sliding surface line in the 3D slope space in the order of the slope bench trend of the open-pit mine, and perform surface lofting on these slope sliding surface lines in the 3D slope space to generate the 3D most dangerous sliding surface of the slope; The specific method of the said Step 1 is: Step 1.1: Profile line setting: In the 3D slope diagram, each profile line has a unique profile name, and the profile names are respectively set as the extended data of each profile line; When calculating the profile diagram, in addition to setting the profile name, in order to make the slope sliding surface line in the calculated profile diagram return to the 3D slope space, it is necessary to add the coordinate positions associated with the 3D slope space for the profile diagram. Specifically including: In the profile diagram, set the corresponding profile name as the extended data for all rock layer polygons, stope benches, horizontal positioning lines, elevation positioning lines and various types of graphic elements marked; Profile diagram positioning coordinate setting: The coordinates associated with the 3D slope space for the profile diagram are divided into horizontal positioning coordinates and elevation positioning coordinates. These two types of positioning coordinates are respectively set on different types of graphic elements in the profile diagram. The specific method is: Let the horizontal coordinates of the two endpoints P0 and P1 of a profile line P0P1 in the 3D slope space be P0(x0,y0) and P1(x1,y1) respectively, where P0 is the starting point of the profile line P0P1 and P1 is the ending point of the profile line P0P1; There are two horizontal positioning lines on the profile diagram corresponding to the profile line P0P1. These two horizontal positioning lines are both vertical lines. Let the left horizontal positioning line be l0 and the right horizontal positioning line be l1. Set the coordinates (x0,y0) of the starting point P0 of the profile line P0P1 as the link data of the left horizontal positioning line l0 as one of the horizontal positioning coordinates. Similarly, set the coordinates (x1,y1) of the ending point P1 of the profile line P0P1 as the link data of the right horizontal positioning line l1 as the other horizontal positioning coordinate; For the elevation positioning coordinate setting of the profile diagram, because the graphic elevation coordinate of the profile diagram is not the actual elevation value; In the profile diagram, it is necessary to use the elevation positioning line to perform elevation positioning. The elevation positioning line is multiple horizontal lines, and each elevation positioning line represents an actual elevation value. Set the actual elevation value as the link data of each elevation positioning line as the elevation positioning coordinate; The specific method of the said Step 2 is: Step 2.1: Automatically obtain the sectional view corresponding to the section line. The specific method is as follows: On the plan view, select the section line corresponding to the sectional view for which the slope slip surface line needs to be converted, and obtain the extended data of the section name for each section line. The set of section names obtained is S = {s1, s2, …, s j , …, s m}, where s j is the section name of the j-th section line, j ∈ [1, m], and m is the total number of section names; According to the section name, traverse the three types of graphic objects: horizontal positioning line, elevation positioning line, and slip surface line. If the extended data of the graphic object is the same as the section name, these graphic objects form the sectional view corresponding to the section line; Step 2.2: Convert the coordinates of the slip surface line of the cross-section slope to the three-dimensional slope space coordinates. The specific method is as follows: For the cross-section names in the set S = {s1, s2, …, s j , …, s m}, perform coordinate conversion on the slope side slip surface lines in the cross-section diagrams in sequence. The coordinates of the cross-section slope side slip surface line are relative coordinates, and after calculation using the horizontal positioning coordinates and elevation positioning coordinates on the cross-section diagram, they need to be converted into the coordinates of the three-dimensional slope space to achieve the conversion of the cross-section slope side slip surface line to the three-dimensional slope space; Step 2.2.1: Convert the vertex coordinates of the slope surface sliding surface line in the section into plane rectangular coordinates. The specific method is as follows: Suppose there is a section named s j on the section, the vertex set of the slope surface sliding surface line is R = {r1, r2, …, r i , …, r n}, where r i is the i-th vertex of the slope surface sliding surface line, and the coordinates of the vertex are r i (x i , y i ), i ∈ [1, n], and n is the total number of vertices of the sliding surface line; Suppose the converted vertex set is R′ = {r′1, r′2, …, r′ i , …, r′ n}, where r′ i is the i-th vertex of the sliding surface line, and the coordinates of the vertex are r′ i (x′ i , y′ i , z′ i ), i ∈ [1, n], and n is the total number of vertices of the sliding surface line. The coordinate conversion is shown in the following formula: where a = |x i - x p0 |, b = |x i - x p1 |, x i , y i , z i are the original coordinate values of the i-th vertex r of the slip surface line i , x p0 , y p0 are the x and y coordinate values of the positioning coordinates of the left horizontal positioning line, x p1 , y p1 the x and y coordinate values of the positioning coordinates of the right horizontal positioning line, y c is the y coordinate value of any elevation positioning line on the corresponding cross-section, z c is the actual elevation value of this elevation positioning line; Step 2.2.2: Draw all the slope slip surface lines into the 3D slope space. The specific method is as follows: According to the coordinates in the vertex set R' = {r'1, r'2, …, r' i , …, r' n} of the transformed slope slip surface line, plot these vertices as the slope slip surface line in the 3D slope space.

Images