A low-permeability coal seam fracturing and permeability-enhancing gas extraction device

Abstract

This invention discloses a low-permeability coal seam fracturing and permeability-enhancing gas extraction device, comprising: a mounting base; an upper drive seat slidably mounted on the mounting base; a drilling and permeability enhancement component horizontally mounted on the upper drive seat, with a mounting plate fixed on the upper drive seat, the drilling and permeability enhancement component being concentrically disposed through the mounting plate; an outer drive tooth seat fixed on the upper drive seat, the output end of the outer drive tooth seat being connected to the drilling and permeability enhancement component; a water supply pipe connected to the drilling and permeability enhancement component; a fixed plate frame coaxially fixed on the mounting plate; and lateral extraction devices arranged parallel to the drilling and permeability enhancement component, with multiple lateral extraction devices circumferentially and vertically distributed on the fixed plate frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of gas extraction equipment, specifically a gas extraction device for fracturing and permeability enhancement in low-permeability coal seams. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, as coal mines in my country are gradually being mined deeper, the gas pressure and gas content in mines are constantly increasing, and the proportion of high-gas mines and outburst mines is also increasing. With current technology, the most effective method for gas control is pre-drainage followed by extraction. However, low-permeability coal seams severely restrict the effectiveness of gas extraction, affecting safe production in coal mines. Existing technologies, by controlling the development of coal body fractures formed by hydraulic fracturing along the direction of pre-set fractures, and inducing the fractures to extend and penetrate along the guide groove fractures towards the control hole, achieving directional hydraulic perforation, can effectively eliminate the aforementioned defects. However, the effective range of hydraulic fracturing is relatively small, resulting in the inability to carry out subsequent gas extraction work after leaving the fracturing range, thus affecting extraction efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a low-permeability coal seam fracturing and permeability-enhancing gas extraction device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-permeability coal seam fracturing and permeability-enhancing gas extraction device, comprising:

[0005] Install the base frame;

[0006] The upper drive seat is slidably mounted on the mounting base;

[0007] A drilling penetration enhancement component is horizontally mounted on the upper drive base, and a mounting plate is fixed on the upper drive base. The drilling penetration enhancement component is concentrically mounted on the mounting plate.

[0008] An external drive gear seat is fixed on the upper drive seat, and the output end of the external drive gear seat is connected to the drilling penetration enhancement component;

[0009] The water supply pipe is connected to the drilling penetration enhancement component;

[0010] The mounting bracket is coaxially fixed to the mounting plate; and

[0011] The lateral extraction device is arranged parallel to the drilling and penetration enhancement component, and multiple lateral extraction devices are circumferentially and vertically distributed on the fixed plate frame.

[0012] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the drilling penetration enhancement component includes:

[0013] The main connecting shaft tube is rotatably mounted in the mounting plate, and a drill rod body is detachably threaded and fixed on one side of the main connecting shaft tube.

[0014] A front nozzle is sleeved at the end of the drill rod body, and a drill bit is detachably fixed on the front nozzle. The front nozzle is connected to the water supply pipe.

[0015] A pulse pump, connected to the main connecting shaft tube; and

[0016] The jet penetration enhancement device is slidably sleeved onto the drill pipe body.

[0017] Furthermore, preferably, the jet anti-reflection device includes:

[0018] An internal water guide pipe is coaxially installed inside the drill pipe body;

[0019] A threaded conduit is rotatably mounted outside the inner water pipe via a bearing.

[0020] A fixed ring shaft is slidably disposed within the drill pipe body, and the fixed ring shaft is sleeved on the outside of the threaded guide tube through threaded engagement.

[0021] An external mounting ring seat is sealed and fixed to the outside of the fixed ring shaft, and forms a drainage ring cavity with the fixed ring shaft. The drainage ring cavity is connected to the water supply pipe through an external connecting pipe; and

[0022] The jet head is circumferentially distributed on the outer mounting ring seat and is connected to the drain ring cavity.

[0023] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, an airflow pipe is connected between the drill rod body and the front nozzle. The airflow pipe is constructed as a double-layer pipe structure, and multiple nozzles are opened on the airflow pipe. The nozzles are connected to the inner interlayer of the airflow pipe. An inner branch pipe is coaxially fixed in the inner water guide pipe. The inner branch pipe is connected to the inner interlayer of the airflow pipe through two side channels. The other end of the inner branch pipe is connected to the pulse pump.

[0024] Furthermore, preferably, the jet head includes:

[0025] Sprayer base body;

[0026] The upper connector has an inverted triangular cross-section and is slidably disposed within the spray base body. The upper connector has a drainage hole in the middle.

[0027] A connecting spring is connected between the upper connector and the spray base body;

[0028] A sealing ring is fitted and fixed onto the upper connector; a limiting ring frame that mates with the sealing ring is provided inside the spray base body; and

[0029] An inner seal is fixed to the main body of the spray base. One end of the inner seal extends into the upper connector, and a ball groove is provided in the upper connector.

[0030] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the lateral extraction device includes:

[0031] The mounting guide is fixed on the fixed plate frame, and a control screw is rotatably mounted on the mounting guide;

[0032] A sliding seat is threadedly slidably mounted on the control screw. A guide tube is vertically fixed on the sliding seat. A drive motor is fixed on the mounting guide. The output end of the drive motor is fixed to the control screw.

[0033] A extraction pipe is slidably disposed inside the guide pipe, and an extraction pump is fixed at one end of the extraction pipe.

[0034] An external drive frame, the output end of which is fixed to the extraction pipe, is used to drive the axial displacement of the extraction pipe; and

[0035] The vibration transmission drill bit is rotatably mounted at the end of the extraction pipe.

[0036] Furthermore, preferably, the vibration transmission drill element includes:

[0037] The main body of the drill bit is rotatably mounted at the end of the extraction pipe;

[0038] A front-mounted vibrating head is disposed on one side of the drill body. An inner embedded sleeve is fixed on the side of the front-mounted vibrating head near the drill body, and one end of the inner embedded sleeve extends into and connects to the drill body.

[0039] The magnetic tiles are circumferentially distributed within the main body of the drill bit.

[0040] A fixing magnet is fixed at the periphery of the inner embedded sleeve. The fixing magnet abuts against the magnetic tile, and its contact surface is set as an arc-shaped structure.

[0041] A axial pressure chamber is symmetrically arranged inside the drill body. A piston is slidably arranged inside the axial pressure chamber. One end of each piston is hinged to the inner embedded sleeve. The two axial pressure chambers are connected by a micro air pressure pump to form an internal circulation drainage.

[0042] Furthermore, preferably, the fixed magnet and the magnetic tile are of the same polarity and repel each other.

[0043] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the extraction pipe is also connected to a circulation pipe, one end of which is connected to the drilling permeability enhancement component, and each extraction pipe extends into the coal seam with the same or different lengths.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0045] This invention employs a drilling permeability enhancement component to hydraulically drill into low-permeability coal seams and perform internal fracturing. The main component, a jet permeability enhancement device, divides the borehole into multiple zones, thereby performing hydraulic fracturing in each extraction zone. In particular, a lateral extraction device is also included, which can extract gas from the periphery of the fracturing area. This device, in conjunction with the airflow pipe in the drilling permeability enhancement component, creates corresponding fracture channels in each extraction zone of the coal seam. A pre-positioned vibrating head further expands the fracturing range, thereby ensuring the extraction effect. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling penetration enhancement component in this invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the jet anti-reflection device in this invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the jet head structure in this invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral extraction device in this invention;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration transmission drill element in this invention;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the extraction tubes of different lengths extending into the extraction system in this invention.

[0053] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the extraction tubes of the present invention, which extend into the extraction area with the same length.

[0054] In the diagram: 1. Mounting base; 11. Upper drive seat; 12. Mounting plate; 13. Fixed plate frame; 14. External drive gear seat; 15. Water supply pipe; 2. Lateral extraction device; 21. Mounting guide frame; 22. Drive motor; 23. Sliding seat; 24. Guide pipe; 25. Extraction pump; 26. Extraction pipe; 3. Drilling penetration enhancement component; 31. Main connecting shaft pipe; 32. Drill rod body; 33. Front nozzle; 34. Drill bit; 4. Jet enhancement 41. Through-hole device; 42. Threaded conduit; 43. Inner water guide pipe; 44. Outer mounting ring seat; 45. Fixed ring shaft; 46. Air flow pipe; 57. Inner branch pipe; 58. Jet head; 51. Spray seat body; 52. Upper connector; 53. Connecting spring; 54. Sealing ring; 55. Inner seal; 69. Vibration transmission drill; 61. Drill body; 62. Front vibrating head; 63. Inner embedded sleeve; 64. Fixed magnet; 65. Magnet tile; 66. Shaft pressure chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0055] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment of the invention, a low-permeability coal seam fracturing and permeability-enhancing gas extraction device includes:

[0056] Install base frame 1;

[0057] The upper drive seat 11 is slidably mounted on the mounting base 1;

[0058] The drilling penetration enhancement component 3 is horizontally mounted on the upper drive seat 11. The upper drive seat is fixed with a mounting plate 12. The drilling penetration enhancement component 3 is concentrically mounted on the mounting plate 12.

[0059] An external drive gear seat 14 is fixed on the upper drive seat 11, and the output end of the external drive gear seat 14 is connected to the drilling penetration enhancement component 3; it is used to drive the axial displacement of the drilling penetration enhancement component, thereby realizing drilling fracturing.

[0060] Water supply pipe 15 is connected to the drilling permeability enhancement component 3 to provide a water source for hydraulic fracturing.

[0061] The mounting bracket 13 is coaxially fixed to the mounting plate 12; and

[0062] The lateral extraction device 2 is arranged parallel to the drilling permeability enhancement component 3. Multiple lateral extraction devices 2 are circumferentially and vertically distributed on the fixed plate frame 13. The lateral extraction device can extract gas from the periphery of the fracturing.

[0063] In this embodiment, the drilling penetration enhancement component 3 includes:

[0064] The main connecting shaft tube 31 is rotatably mounted in the mounting plate 12, and the drill rod body 32 is detachably threaded and fixed on one side of the main connecting shaft tube 31.

[0065] A front nozzle 33 is sleeved on the end of the drill rod body 32. A drill bit 34 is detachably fixed on the front nozzle 33. The front nozzle 33 is connected to the water supply pipe 15. The front nozzle can wet the inside of the coal seam, which is convenient for hydraulic fracturing in the later stage.

[0066] A pulse pump is connected to the main connecting shaft tube 31; and

[0067] The jet penetration enhancement device 4 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the drill rod body 32.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the jet anti-reflection device 4 includes:

[0069] The inner water guide pipe 42 is coaxially arranged inside the drill rod body 32;

[0070] The threaded conduit 41 is rotatably mounted outside the inner water pipe 42 via a bearing;

[0071] A fixed ring shaft 44 is slidably disposed inside the drill rod body 32, and the fixed ring shaft 44 is sleeved on the outside of the threaded guide tube 41 through threaded engagement.

[0072] An outer mounting ring seat 43 is sealed and fixed outside the fixed ring shaft 44, and forms a drain ring cavity with the fixed ring shaft 44. The drain ring cavity is connected to the water supply pipe 15 through an outer connecting pipe; and

[0073] The jet head 5 is circumferentially distributed on the outer mounting ring seat 43 and connected to the drainage ring cavity. In particular, it can divide the borehole into multiple areas in sequence, so that the jet head can perform hydraulic fracturing work on each extraction area.

[0074] In this embodiment, an airflow pipe 45 is connected between the drill rod body 32 and the front nozzle 33. The airflow pipe 45 is constructed as a double-layer pipe structure, and multiple nozzles are opened on the airflow pipe 45. The nozzles are connected to the inner interlayer of the airflow pipe 45. An inner branch pipe 46 is coaxially fixed in the inner water guide pipe 42. The inner branch pipe 46 is connected to the inner interlayer of the airflow pipe 45 through two side channels. The other end of the inner branch pipe 46 is connected to the pulse pump. The gas in the borehole is initially extracted through the airflow pipe and transported to the pulse pump. After the side extraction device completes drilling and positioning, the pulse pump transports the gas in a pulse. The side extraction device can extract the gas, thereby forming a complete fracturing and transport channel in the coal seam after multiple reciprocating cycles.

[0075] In this embodiment, the jet head 5 includes:

[0076] Sprayer base body 51;

[0077] The upper connector 52 has an inverted triangular cross-section and is slidably disposed within the spray base body 51. The upper connector 52 has a drainage hole in the middle.

[0078] A connecting spring 53 is connected between the upper connector 52 and the spray base body 51;

[0079] A sealing ring 54 is fitted and fixed onto the upper connector 52; a limiting ring frame that mates with the sealing ring 54 is provided inside the spray base body 51; and

[0080] The inner sealing element 55 is fixed on the main body 51 of the spray base. One end of the inner sealing element 55 extends into the upper connector 52, and the upper connector 52 is provided with a ball groove so that the jet head can be a low-pressure diffuser or a high-pressure jet, thereby realizing the jet head wetting or hydraulic fracturing of the borehole inner wall.

[0081] In this embodiment, the lateral sampling device 2 includes:

[0082] The mounting guide 21 is fixed on the fixed plate frame 13, and a control screw is rotatably mounted on the mounting guide 21.

[0083] A sliding seat 23 is threadedly slidably disposed on the control screw. A guide tube 24 is vertically fixed on the sliding seat 23. A drive motor 22 is fixed on the mounting guide 21. The output end of the drive motor 22 is fixed to the control screw.

[0084] A sampling pipe 26 is slidably disposed inside the guide pipe 24, and a sampling pump 25 is fixed to one end of the sampling pipe 26.

[0085] An external drive frame (not shown in the figure) has its output end fixed to the extraction pipe 26 and is used to drive the axial displacement of the extraction pipe 26; and

[0086] The vibration transmission drill element 6 is rotatably mounted at the end of the extraction pipe.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, the vibration transmission drill element 6 includes:

[0088] The drill body 61 is rotatably mounted at the end of the extraction pipe 26;

[0089] A front-mounted vibrating head 62 is disposed on one side of the drill body 61. An inner embedded sleeve 63 is fixed on the side of the front-mounted vibrating head 62 near the drill body 61. One end of the inner embedded sleeve 63 extends into and connects to the drill body 61.

[0090] Magnetic tiles 65 are circumferentially distributed within the drill body 61;

[0091] A fixing magnet 64 is fixed at the periphery of the inner embedded sleeve 63. The fixing magnet 64 abuts against the magnetic tile 65, and its contact surface is set as an arc-shaped structure.

[0092] A shaft pressure chamber 66 is symmetrically arranged inside the drill body 61. A piston is slidably arranged inside the shaft pressure chamber 66. One end of each piston is hinged to the inner embedded sleeve 63. The two shaft pressure chambers 66 are connected by a micro air pressure pump to form an internal circulation drainage.

[0093] In this embodiment, the fixed magnet 64 and the magnetic tile 65 are like-pairs and repel each other. Especially after the extraction pipe is drilled into place, the vibration drill can perform autonomous high-frequency vibration, which can enhance the internal crack expansion effect and expansion range, and ensure subsequent extraction.

[0094] In this embodiment, a circulation pipe is also connected to the extraction pipe 26. One end of the circulation pipe is connected to the drilling permeability enhancement component. Each extraction pipe 26 extends into the coal seam with the same or different lengths. When the extraction pipes extend into the coal seam synchronously, they can perform high-intensity extraction work on the same extraction area. When the extraction pipes extend into the coal seam with different lengths, they can extract simultaneously from each extraction area, ensuring extraction efficiency.

[0095] Specifically, the external drive tooth seat drives the drilling permeability enhancement component to drill through the coal seam, and the jet head realizes internal hydraulic fracturing. Then, the gas flow pipe performs preliminary extraction of gas from the borehole and delivers it to the pulse pump. At this time, after the corresponding side extraction device completes drilling and positioning, the pulse pump delivers the gas in a pulsed manner. The side extraction device can extract the gas, and after multiple reciprocating cycles, a complete fracturing and delivery channel can be formed in the coal seam. The drilling depth of each side extraction device can then be adjusted to carry out adaptive extraction work according to the characteristics of coal mine gas concentration.

[0096] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low permeability coal seam fracturing permeability increasing gas extraction device, characterized in that: It includes: The installation chassis (1); The upper drive seat (11) is slidably arranged on the installation chassis (1); The drilling penetration assembly (3) is horizontally arranged on the upper drive seat (11), and the installation disc (12) is fixed on the upper drive seat (11); the drilling penetration assembly (3) is coaxially arranged on the installation disc (12); The outer drive gear seat (14) is fixed on the upper drive seat (11), and the output end of the outer drive gear seat (14) is connected with the drilling penetration assembly (3); The water supply pipe (15) is connected with the drilling penetration assembly (3); The fixed disc holder (13) is coaxially fixed on the installation disc (12); The side position extraction device (2) is arranged in parallel with the drilling penetration assembly (3), and a plurality of side position extraction devices (2) are vertically distributed on the fixed disc holder (13); The drilling penetration assembly (3) comprises: The main connecting shaft pipe (31) is rotatably arranged in the installation disc (12), and the drill rod body (32) is detachably threadedly connected to one side of the main connecting shaft pipe (31); The front nozzle (33) is connected to the end of the drill rod body (32), and the drill bit (34) is detachably fixed on the front nozzle (33); the front nozzle (33) is connected with the water supply pipe (15); The pulse pump is connected with the main connecting shaft pipe (31); The jet flow penetration device (4) is slidably connected to the outside of the drill rod body (32); The jet flow penetration device (4) comprises: The inner water guide pipe (42) is coaxially arranged in the drill rod body (32); The threaded guide pipe (41) is rotatably arranged outside the inner water guide pipe (42) through a bearing; The fixed ring shaft (44) is slidably arranged in the drill rod body (32), and the fixed ring shaft (44) is threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded guide pipe (41); The outer installation ring seat (43) is sealingly connected to the outside of the fixed ring shaft (44), and cooperates with the fixed ring shaft (44) to form a drainage ring cavity; the drainage ring cavity is connected with the water supply pipe (15) through an external connecting pipe; The jet flow head (5) is circumferentially distributed on the outer installation ring seat (43) and is connected with the drainage ring cavity.

2. The low permeability coal seam fracturing and permeability gas extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airflow passage pipe (45) is connected between the drill rod body (32) and the front nozzle (33), the airflow passage pipe (45) is configured as a double-layer pipe structure, a plurality of spray holes are formed in the airflow passage pipe (45), the spray holes are connected with the inner layer of the airflow passage pipe (45), the inner branch pipe (46) is coaxially fixed in the inner water guide pipe (42), the inner branch pipe (46) is connected with the inner layer of the airflow passage pipe (45) through two side passages, and the other end of the inner branch pipe (46) is connected with the pulse pump.

3. The low permeability coal seam fracturing permeability gas extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jet flow head (5) comprises: The spray seat body (51); The upper joint (52) is arranged in the spray seat body (51) in an inverted triangular structure, and a drainage hole is arranged in the middle of the upper joint (52). A connecting spring (53) is connected between the upper joint (52) and the nozzle body (51); A sealing ring (54) is sleeved and fixed on the upper joint (52), and a limiting ring frame matched with the sealing ring (54) is arranged in the nozzle body (51); An inner sealing member (55) is fixed on the nozzle body (51), one end of the inner sealing member (55) extends into the upper joint (52), and a ball slot is arranged in the upper joint (52).

4. The low permeability coal seam fracturing permeability gas extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side position extraction device (2) comprises: A mounting guide frame (21) is fixed on the fixed disc frame (13), and a control screw is arranged in parallel on the mounting guide frame (21); A sliding seat (23) is threadedly arranged on the control screw, a guide pipe (24) is vertically fixed on the sliding seat (23), a driving motor (22) is fixed on the mounting guide frame (21), and an output end of the driving motor (22) is fixed with the control screw; An extraction pipe (26) is slidably arranged in the guide pipe (24), and one end of the extraction pipe (26) is fixed with an extraction pump (25); An outer driving frame is fixed with the extraction pipe (26) at an output end, and is used for driving the extraction pipe (26) to axially displace; A vibration transmission drill (6) is arranged at an end of the extraction pipe in a relative rotation manner.

5. The low permeability coal seam fracturing and permeability gas extraction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration transmission drill (6) comprises: A drill body (61) is rotationally arranged at an end of the extraction pipe (26); A front vibration head (62) is arranged on one side of the drill body (61), an inner embedding sleeve (63) is fixed on one side of the front vibration head (62) close to the drill body (61), one end of the inner embedding sleeve (63) extends into the drill body (61); A magnetic shoe (65) is circumferentially arranged in the drill body (61); A fixed magnetic member (64) is fixed at a circumferential edge of the inner embedding sleeve (63), the fixed magnetic member (64) is in abutting contact with the magnetic shoe (65), and an abutting surface of the fixed magnetic member (64) is arranged in an arc structure; Axial pressure bins (66) are symmetrically arranged in the drill body (61), a piston is slidably arranged in the axial pressure bin (66), one end of the piston is hingedly connected to the inner embedding sleeve (63), and the two axial pressure bins (66) are connected in communication through a micro pneumatic pump and form an internal circulation drainage.

6. The low-permeability coal seam fracturing and permeability gas extraction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed magnetic member (64) and the magnetic shoe (65) repel each other in the same polarity.

7. The low permeability coal seam fracturing and permeability gas extraction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A circulation pipe is further connected to the extraction pipe (26), one end of the circulation pipe is in communication with the drilling and penetration assembly, and the extraction pipes (26) are arranged in the coal seam in the same or different lengths.

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