Method and apparatus for treating tar-containing off-gas

Abstract

The application discloses a tar-containing waste gas treatment method and device, and belongs to the technical field of tar-containing waste gas treatment. The tar-containing waste gas treatment device comprises, in sequence along a waste gas conveying direction, a Venturi tube dust collector, a cyclone dust collector, a bag dust collector, a VOCs adsorption device, an RTO incinerator, a desulfurizing tower and a chimney. A dust discharge port of the cyclone dust collector is connected with a dust hopper, a discharge port of the dust hopper is connected with a coke hopper, the coke hopper contains coke powder, an inlet of the Venturi tube dust collector is connected with a tar-containing waste gas pipeline, and the discharge port of the coke hopper is connected with a throat of the Venturi tube dust collector, so that the tar-containing waste gas contacts with the coke powder at the throat of the Venturi tube dust collector. The tar-containing waste gas treatment method and device can reduce the content of tar and particulate matters in waste gas, and the treated waste gas can meet the national emission standard.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of tar-containing waste gas treatment, and particularly relates to a tar-containing waste gas treatment method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In addition to volatile organic compounds such as aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon roasting flue gas, waterproof roll flue gas and rubber plant waste gas also contain pollutants such as tar and particulate matter. These pollutants affect the treatment efficiency of subsequent purification equipment such as RTO and activated carbon tank. At present, water washing, dry filter or biological oxidation pretreatment is adopted. The particulate matter and tar are intercepted by filter cotton or oxidized by microorganisms. The filter material needs to be replaced frequently. The biological oxidation efficiency is low. The water washing effect is poor and needs to be replaced frequently. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new treatment process to reduce the consumption of materials and the operating cost of enterprises. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a tar-containing waste gas treatment method and device to reduce the content of tar and particulate matter in waste gas. The treated waste gas can meet the national emission standard.

[0004] To achieve this purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The tar-containing waste gas treatment method and device provided by the present application comprises a Venturi dust collector, a cyclone dust collector, a bag filter, a VOCs adsorption device, an RTO incinerator, a desulfurization tower and a chimney arranged in sequence along the waste gas conveying direction. The dust outlet of the cyclone dust collector is communicated with a hopper. The discharge outlet of the hopper is communicated with a coke hopper. The coke hopper contains coke powder. The inlet of the Venturi dust collector is communicated with a tar-containing waste gas pipeline. The discharge outlet of the coke hopper is communicated with the throat of the Venturi dust collector, so that the tar-containing waste gas contacts with the coke powder at the throat of the Venturi dust collector.

[0006] Preferably, the VOCs adsorption device comprises an air inlet end cover, an air outlet end cover, a shell, a first activated carbon plate, a second activated carbon plate, a flow slowing body, activated carbon particles and a sliding block. The air inlet end cover is threadedly and sealingly connected to one end of the shell. The air outlet end cover is threadedly and sealingly connected to the other end of the shell. The first activated carbon plate is detachably connected to one side of the shell close to the air inlet end cover. The second activated carbon plate is detachably connected to one side of the shell close to the air outlet end cover. A plurality of sliding blocks are slidingly connected to the upper and lower walls of the shell. Each sliding block is fixed with one flow slowing body. The flow slowing bodies on the upper and lower sides are arranged in a staggered manner and form a gas flow slowing channel with the shell. Each flow slowing body is filled with activated carbon particles.

[0007] Preferably, the upper and lower side walls of the shell are clamped with cover plates, the contact part between the cover plate and the shell is provided with a sealing ring, the inner side wall of the cover plate is provided with a sliding groove, a sliding block is in sliding fit with the sliding groove, the sliding block is provided with a containing groove, a spring is fixed in the containing groove, the end of the spring is connected with a clamping bead, the cover plate outside the sliding groove is provided with a first clamping groove which is equidistantly spaced along the length direction of the sliding groove, the first clamping groove is communicated with the sliding groove, and the first clamping groove is clamped with the clamping bead.

[0008] Preferably, the slow flow body comprises a frame, a mesh plate and a first clamping block, the opening of the frame is towards the air inlet end cover, the opening end of the frame is provided with a second clamping groove, and the side of the mesh plate is fixed with the first clamping block which is clamped with the second clamping groove.

[0009] Preferably, the inner side wall of the first and second activated carbon plates is fixed with a second clamping block, and the inner wall of the two ends of the shell is fixed with a concave block, and the second clamping block is clamped with the concave block.

[0010] Preferably, the cross section of the shell is square, and the height of the slow flow body is greater than one half of the side length of the shell.

[0011] Preferably, the RTO incinerator comprises a gas collecting chamber, a heat accumulating chamber and a combustion chamber which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the gas collecting chamber and the heat accumulating chamber are each provided with at least two.

[0012] Preferably, the heat accumulating chamber is internally provided with a heat accumulating layer and gas distribution ceramic located at both ends of the heat accumulating layer, and the heat accumulating layer comprises heat accumulating ceramic bodies and antioxidant silicon heat accumulating ceramic.

[0013] The application also provides a pretreatment method of tar-containing waste gas, which is treated by using the treatment equipment of tar-containing waste gas, and comprises the following steps: sending the tar-containing waste gas from the inlet of the venturi dust collector into the venturi dust collector, sending the coke powder from the coke hopper into the throat of the venturi dust collector, rapidly contacting the coke powder with the tar-containing waste gas at the throat, adhering the tar to the surface of the coke powder, then sending the coke powder and the treated waste gas into the cyclone dust collector for treatment, collecting the coke powder treated by the cyclone dust collector in the ash hopper, sending the coke powder in the ash hopper back to the coke hopper, sending the waste gas treated by the cyclone dust collector into the bag dust collector for treatment, removing the particulate matters in the waste gas, sending the waste gas treated by the bag dust collector into the VOCs adsorption device for adsorption treatment of the VOCs in the waste gas, sending the desorption gas into the RTO incinerator for treatment of the organic matters in the waste gas, and discharging the waste gas after incineration and desulfurization treatment by the desulfurization tower through the chimney.

[0014] Preferably, the solid-gas ratio of the coke powder to the tar-containing waste gas at the throat of the venturi dust collector is 150-200 g / m 3 , and the inlet wind speed of the cyclone dust collector is 20-25 m / s.

[0015] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. By setting the Venturi dust collector combined with the coke hopper and the position of the Venturi dust collector connected to the throat, the tar-containing waste gas and the coke powder are quickly contacted at the throat of the Venturi dust collector, the tar can be well attached to the surface of the coke powder, so as to realize the separation of tar from the waste gas and reduce the tar content in the waste gas.

[0017] 2. The recycling of coke powder is realized by the cyclone dust collector. When the oil content in the coke powder reaches the design value, the coke powder is continuously used by high-temperature oil removal or is mixed in proportion as a raw material for iron or steel smelting, thereby reducing the amount of solid waste. The bag dust collector is used to physically intercept and remove particulate matter in the waste gas, thereby reducing the particulate matter content in the waste gas and avoiding the burden of tar and particulate matter in the waste gas on subsequent purification treatment, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent purification treatment.

[0018] 3. By pretreatment combined with VOCs adsorption treatment through the VOCs adsorption device, organic matter treatment through the RTO incinerator, and desulfurization treatment through the desulfurization tower, the exhaust gas can meet the national emission standards after being discharged from the chimney.

[0019] 4. After pretreatment, the waste gas enters the inside of the shell through the gas inlet end cover. First, the waste gas is pre-adsorbed by the first activated carbon plate to facilitate subsequent long main adsorption treatment. Then, the waste gas flows from left to right through the gas flow slowing channel, thereby slowing down the flow rate of the waste gas. In this stage, the waste gas contacts the activated carbon particles in the flow slowing body, thereby performing secondary adsorption treatment (main adsorption treatment) on VOCs. By arranging the flow slowing bodies in an up-and-down staggered manner and arranging activated carbon particles inside the flow slowing bodies, the contact time of the activated carbon particles and the waste gas is greatly improved, and the adsorption efficiency is greatly improved. Finally, the waste gas passes through the second activated carbon plate on the right side to adsorb the residual VOCs. Through multiple adsorptions, the adsorption efficiency and effect are ensured.

[0020] 5. By arranging the sliding block, the position of the flow slowing body can be changed to change the distance between adjacent flow slowing bodies or the distance before the up-and-down staggered flow slowing bodies, thereby achieving high applicability.

[0021] 6. Since the cover plate is detachable, all the flow slowing bodies on the side can be taken out of the shell as a whole, thereby facilitating the replacement of activated carbon particles or the change of the distance between adjacent flow slowing bodies.

[0022] 7. The flow slowing body only needs to be pushed left and right, thereby achieving automatic limiting during adjustment, and the design is ingenious without the need for additional operations.

[0023] 8. Due to the frame structure combined with the mesh plate located at the left opening of the frame, the exhaust gas can only enter the frame from the left and come into contact with the activated carbon particles for adsorption, and can only be discharged from the left. This further slows down the flow rate of the exhaust gas, increases the contact time with the activated carbon particles, and greatly improves the adsorption effect.

[0024] 9. By inverting the traditional RTO incinerator, the combustion chamber is located at the bottom of the RTO incinerator. The solid particles generated by combustion are deposited at the bottom of the combustion chamber due to their own weight, and the amount of dust deposited on the surface of the heat storage body is reduced accordingly, avoiding the problem of heat storage body blockage and ensuring long-term stable operation.

[0025] 10. The inner wall of the anti-oxidation silicon heat storage ceramic in the heat storage layer is smooth, reducing electronegativity and making it difficult for silicon oxide particles to deposit on its surface.

[0026] 11. By setting the solid-to-gas ratio, coke powder can be effectively contacted and adsorbed with tar-containing waste gas at the throat. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the tar-containing waste gas treatment equipment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the VOCs adsorption device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the housing of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged diagram of A in the diagram.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the left-hand structure of the frame and activated carbon particles of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a right-side view of the structure of the mesh plate and the first card block of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the RTO incinerator of the present invention.

[0034] The marks in the drawings are: 1-venturi dust collector, 2-cyclone dust collector, 3-bag dust collector, 4-VOCs adsorption device, 5-RTO incinerator, 6-desulfurization tower, 7-chimney, 8-ash bucket, 9-coke hopper, 10-throat pipe, 41-inlet end cover, 42-outlet end cover, 43-housing, 44-first activated carbon plate, 45-second activated carbon plate, 46-flow retarder, 47-activated carbon particles, 48-sliding block, 49-cover plate, 410-sealing ring, 411-sliding groove, 412-receiving groove, 413-spring, 414-bead, 415-first clamping groove, 461-frame, 462-mesh plate, 463-first clamping block, 464-second clamping groove, 465-second clamping block, 466-concave block, 51-gas collection chamber, 52-heat storage chamber, 53-combustion chamber, 54-heat storage layer, 55-gas distribution ceramic, 541-heat storage ceramic body, 542-oxidation-resistant silicon heat storage ceramic. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present application will be further described in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] The contents not described in detail in the specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] As Figures 1 to 7As shown, the tar-containing waste gas treatment device provided in the embodiment includes a Venturi dust collector 1, a cyclone dust collector 2, a bag dust collector 3, a VOCs adsorption device 4, an RTO incinerator 5, a desulfurization tower 6, and a chimney 7 arranged in sequence along the waste gas conveying direction, the dust outlet of the cyclone dust collector 2 is communicated with a dust hopper 8, the discharge port of the dust hopper 8 is communicated with a coke hopper 9, the coke hopper 9 has coke powder therein, the inlet of the Venturi dust collector 1 is communicated with a tar-containing waste gas pipeline, and the discharge port of the coke hopper 9 is communicated to the throat pipe 10 of the Venturi dust collector 1, so that the tar-containing waste gas contacts with the coke powder at the throat pipe 10 of the Venturi dust collector 1. By the combination of the Venturi dust collector 1 and the coke hopper 9, and the setting of the throat pipe 10 at the connecting position of the coke hopper 9 and the Venturi dust collector 1, the tar-containing waste gas is rapidly contacted with the coke powder at the throat pipe 10 of the Venturi dust collector 1, so that the tar can be well attached to the surface of the coke powder, thereby realizing the separation of the tar from the waste gas and reducing the tar content in the waste gas. The coke powder is recycled by the cyclone dust collector 2, and when the oil content in the coke powder reaches the design value, the coke powder is continuously used by high-temperature oil removal or is mixed in proportion as an iron or steel making raw material to reduce the amount of solid waste. The particulate matters in the waste gas are physically intercepted by the bag dust collector 3 to remove the particulate matters in the waste gas, reduce the particulate matter content in the waste gas, avoid the tar and particulate matters in the waste gas from causing burden to the subsequent purification treatment, and improve the treatment efficiency of the subsequent purification treatment. This stage is a pretreatment stage, and the waste gas after the pretreatment is sequentially subjected to VOCs adsorption treatment by the VOCs adsorption device 4, organic matter treatment by the RTO incinerator 5, and desulfurization treatment by the desulfurization tower 6, and is discharged by the chimney 7, so that the discharged gas can meet the national emission standard.

[0038] The VOCs adsorption device 4 comprises an air inlet end cover 41, an air outlet end cover 42, a shell 43, a first activated carbon plate 44, a second activated carbon plate 45, a flow slowing body 46, activated carbon particles 47, and a sliding block 48. The air inlet end cover 41 is threadedly and sealingly connected to the left end of the shell 43. The air outlet end cover 42 is threadedly and sealingly connected to the right end of the shell 43. The first activated carbon plate 44 is detachably connected to the left side of the shell 43. The second activated carbon plate 45 is detachably connected to the right side of the shell 43. Four sliding blocks 48 are slidingly connected to the upper and lower walls of the shell 43. Each sliding block 48 is fixed with one flow slowing body 46. The flow slowing bodies 46 on the upper and lower sides are staggered and form a gas flow slowing channel with the shell 43. Each flow slowing body 46 is filled with activated carbon particles 47. The pretreated waste gas enters the shell 43 through the air inlet end cover 41, is first subjected to pre-adsorption treatment of VOCs by the first activated carbon plate 44, and is then subjected to secondary adsorption treatment (main adsorption treatment) of VOCs by the activated carbon particles 47 in the flow slowing bodies 46 while flowing from left to right at a slow speed through the gas flow slowing channel. The flow slowing bodies 46 are staggered and arranged in combination with the activated carbon particles 47 arranged inside, which greatly increases the contact time of the activated carbon particles 47 with the waste gas and greatly improves the adsorption efficiency. Finally, the waste gas is subjected to adsorption treatment of residual VOCs by the second activated carbon plate 45 on the right side. Through multiple adsorption, the adsorption efficiency and effect are ensured. The waste gas after VOCs adsorption treatment is discharged through the air outlet end cover 42.

[0039] Since the air inlet end cover 41 and the air outlet end cover 42 are threadedly and sealingly connected, they can be detached. In combination with the detachable first activated carbon plate 44 and the second activated carbon plate 45, the first activated carbon plate 44 and the second activated carbon plate 45 can be detached, replaced, and cleaned. Through the arrangement of the sliding block 48, the position of the flow slowing body 46 can be changed to change the distance between adjacent flow slowing bodies 46 or the distance before the staggered flow slowing bodies 46 on the upper and lower sides, which has high applicability.

[0040] The upper and lower sidewalls of the shell 43 are clamped with cover plates 49, the contact part of the cover plate 49 and the shell 43 is provided with a sealing ring 410, the inner sidewall of the cover plate 49 is provided with a sliding groove 411, the sliding block 48 is in sliding fit with the sliding groove 411, the sliding block 48 is provided with a containing groove 412, the containing groove 412 is fixed with a spring 413, the end of the spring 413 is connected with a clamping bead 414, the cover plate 49 outside the sliding groove 411 is provided with a first clamping groove 415 which is equidistantly spaced along the length direction of the sliding groove 411, the first clamping groove 415 is communicated with the sliding groove 411, and the first clamping groove 415 is clamped with the clamping bead 414. According to different adsorption treatment requirements of VOCs, the flow slowing degree needs to be set correspondingly to obtain the best adsorption effect. Sometimes the front section of waste gas needs to be treated at a high flow rate, at this time, the distance between the adjacent flow slowing bodies 46 on the left side needs to be adjusted to be larger, and then the distance between the adjacent flow slowing bodies 46 on the right side needs to be adjusted to be smaller. If the flow rate of the front section of waste gas needs to be slow, the distance on the left side needs to be adjusted to be smaller, and the distance on the right side needs to be adjusted to be larger. The specific situation needs to be adjusted according to the adsorption requirement. Since the cover plate 49 is detachable, all the flow slowing bodies 46 on the side can be taken out of the shell 43 as a whole, so that the activated carbon particles 47 can be replaced or the distance between the adjacent flow slowing bodies 46 can be changed. When the position of the flow slowing body 46 is changed, the flow slowing body 46 only needs to be pushed left and right to drive the sliding block 48 to slide left and right in the sliding groove 411, so that the clamping bead 414 is retracted into the containing groove 412, the spring 413 is contracted, and then the clamping bead 414 moves to the next first clamping groove 415, the spring 413 is stretched, the clamping bead 414 is clamped into the current first clamping groove 415, so that the limiting of the adjusted position of the flow slowing body 46 is realized, and the deviation of the flow slowing body 46 after adjustment is avoided. Only the flow slowing body 46 needs to be pushed left and right, that is, automatic limiting is realized during adjustment, the design is ingenious, and no additional operation is needed.

[0041] The flow slowing body 46 comprises a frame body 461, a mesh plate 462 and a first clamping block 463, the opening of the frame body 461 faces the air inlet end cover 41, the opening end of the frame body 461 is provided with a second clamping groove 464, the right side of the mesh plate 462 is fixed with the first clamping block 463, and the first clamping block 463 is clamped with the second clamping groove 464. Since the mesh plate 462 is detachable, on the one hand, the filling rate of the activated carbon particles 47 can be changed, and on the other hand, the activated carbon particles 47 can be replaced. Since the frame body 461 is combined with the mesh plate 462 arranged at the left opening of the frame body 461, the waste gas can only enter the frame body 461 from the left side to contact and adsorb the activated carbon particles 47 therein, and can only be discharged from the left side, so that the flow rate of the waste gas is further slowed down, the contact time with the activated carbon particles 47 is improved, and the adsorption effect is greatly improved.

[0042] The inner side wall of the first activated carbon plate 44 and the second activated carbon plate 45 is fixed with a second clamping block 465, the inner wall of the two ends of the shell 43 is fixed with a concave block 466, the second clamping block 465 is clamped with the concave block 466, and the first activated carbon plate 44 and the second activated carbon plate 45 are quickly disassembled and assembled.

[0043] The cross section of the shell 43 is square, and the height of the buffer fluid 46 is greater than one half of the length of the shell 43. In this way, the inside of the shell 43 is completely blocked by the buffer fluid 46 when viewed from the left to the right, so that the buffer effect is ensured, and the exhaust gas must pass through the buffer before passing through.

[0044] The RTO incinerator 5 includes a gas collecting chamber 51, a heat accumulating chamber 52 and a combustion chamber 53 arranged from top to bottom, and the gas collecting chamber 51 and the heat accumulating chamber 52 of the embodiment are provided with at least three. The traditional RTO incinerator 5 is arranged in an inverted manner, so that the combustion chamber 53 is located at the lower part of the RTO incinerator 5, the solid particles generated by combustion are deposited at the lower part of the combustion chamber 53 due to gravity, the amount of dust deposited on the surface of the heat accumulating body is correspondingly reduced, the problem of heat accumulating body blockage is avoided, and long-term stable operation is ensured.

[0045] The heat accumulating chamber 52 is internally provided with a heat accumulating body, the heat accumulating body is a heat accumulating layer 54 and a gas distribution ceramic 55 located at the upper and lower ends of the heat accumulating layer 54, the heat accumulating layer 54 includes a heat accumulating ceramic body 541 and an oxidation-resistant silicon heat accumulating ceramic 542, and the oxidation-resistant silicon heat accumulating ceramic 542 is located below the heat accumulating ceramic body 541. The inner wall of the oxidation-resistant silicon heat accumulating ceramic 542 in the heat accumulating layer 54 is smooth, the electronegativity is reduced, and the silicon particle matter is not easy to deposit on the surface thereof. In the embodiment, the gas distribution ceramic 55 is a saddle ring ceramic.

[0046] The application also provides a pretreatment method of tar-containing exhaust gas, which is treated by using the treatment equipment of tar-containing exhaust gas, and includes the following steps: the tar-containing exhaust gas is sent into the inside of the venturi dust collector 1 from the inlet of the venturi dust collector 1, the coke powder is sent into the throat pipe 10 of the venturi dust collector 1 from the coke hopper 9, the coke powder is rapidly contacted with the tar-containing exhaust gas at the throat pipe 10, the tar is attached to the surface of the coke powder, then the coke powder and the treated exhaust gas enter the cyclone dust collector 2 for treatment, the coke powder treated by the cyclone dust collector 2 enters the ash hopper 8 for collection, the coke powder in the ash hopper 8 is sent back to the coke hopper 9, the exhaust gas treated by the cyclone dust collector 2 enters the bag-type dust collector 3 for treatment, the particulate matters in the exhaust gas are removed, the exhaust gas treated by the bag-type dust collector 3 enters the VOCs adsorption device 4 for adsorption treatment of the VOCs in the exhaust gas, the high-temperature desorption gas enters the RTO incinerator 5 for treatment of the organic matter in the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas after incineration is discharged by the chimney 7 after desulfurization treatment by the desulfurization tower 6.

[0047] The solid-gas ratio of the coke powder and the tar-containing waste gas at the throat pipe 10 of the Venturi dust collector 1 is 150-200 g / m 3 By setting the solid-gas ratio, the coke powder can be well contacted and adsorbed with the tar-containing waste gas at the throat pipe 10, and the inlet wind speed of the cyclone dust collector 2 is 20-25 m / s.

[0048] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that; it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A tar-containing waste gas treatment device, characterized in that: it comprises a Venturi dust collector, a cyclone dust collector, a bag dust collector, a VOCs adsorption device, an RTO incinerator, a desulfurization tower and a chimney arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the waste gas; a dust discharge port of the cyclone dust collector is communicated with a hopper, a discharge port of the hopper is communicated with a coke hopper, and the coke hopper contains coke powder; an inlet of the Venturi dust collector is communicated with a tar-containing waste gas pipeline, and the discharge port of the coke hopper is communicated with a throat of the Venturi dust collector, so that the tar-containing waste gas contacts with the coke powder at the throat of the Venturi dust collector; the VOCs adsorption device comprises an air inlet end cover, an air outlet end cover, a shell, a first activated carbon plate, a second activated carbon plate, a flow retarding body, activated carbon particles and a sliding block; one end of the shell is threadedly and sealingly connected with the air inlet end cover, and the other end of the shell is threadedly and sealingly connected with the air outlet end cover; the first activated carbon plate is detachably connected to one side of the shell close to the air inlet end cover, and the second activated carbon plate is detachably connected to one side of the shell close to the air outlet end cover; a plurality of sliding blocks are slidingly connected to the upper and lower walls of the shell, each sliding block is fixed with a flow retarding body, the flow retarding bodies on the upper and lower sides are arranged in a staggered manner and form a gas flow retarding channel with the shell; each flow retarding body is filled with activated carbon particles; the upper and lower side walls of the shell are clamped with cover plates, and the cover plates are provided with sealing rings at the contact positions with the shell; the inner side wall of the cover plate is provided with a sliding groove, and the sliding block is slidingly matched with the sliding groove; the sliding block is provided with a receiving groove, the receiving groove is fixed with a spring, the end of the spring is connected with a clamping bead, the cover plate outside the sliding groove is provided with a first clamping groove equidistantly spaced along the length direction of the sliding groove, the first clamping groove is communicated with the sliding groove, and the first clamping groove is clamped with the clamping bead; the flow retarding body comprises a frame, a mesh plate and a first clamping block; the opening of the frame faces the air inlet end cover, the opening end of the frame is provided with a second clamping groove, one side of the mesh plate is fixed with a first clamping block, and the first clamping block is clamped with the second clamping groove.

2. The tar-containing waste gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner side walls of the first activated carbon plate and the second activated carbon plate are fixed with second clamping blocks; and the inner walls of the two ends of the shell are fixed with concave blocks, and the second clamping blocks are clamped with the concave blocks.

3. The tar-containing waste gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of the shell is square, and the height of the flow retarding body is greater than one half of the side length of the shell.

4. The tar-containing waste gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the RTO incinerator comprises a gas collecting chamber, a heat accumulating chamber and a combustion chamber arranged in sequence from top to bottom; and the gas collecting chamber and the heat accumulating chamber are each provided with at least two.

5. The tar-containing waste gas treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the heat accumulating chamber is internally provided with a heat accumulating layer and air distribution ceramic located at both ends of the heat accumulating layer; the heat accumulating layer comprises heat accumulating ceramic bodies and antioxidant silicon heat accumulating ceramic. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 6. A method for the pre-treatment of tar-containing off-gases, characterized in that, The tar-containing waste gas is treated by using the tar-containing waste gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1-5, and the treatment comprises the following steps: The tar-containing waste gas is sent from the inlet of the Venturi dust collector into the Venturi dust collector, the coke powder is sent from the coke hopper into the throat of the Venturi dust collector, the coke powder is rapidly contacted with the tar-containing waste gas at the throat, the tar is attached to the surface of the coke powder, then the coke powder and the treated waste gas enter the cyclone dust collector for treatment, the coke powder treated by the cyclone dust collector enters the ash hopper for collection, the coke powder in the ash hopper is sent back to the coke hopper, the waste gas treated by the cyclone dust collector enters the bag dust collector for treatment, the particulate matters in the waste gas are removed, the waste gas treated by the bag dust collector enters the VOCs adsorption device for adsorption treatment of the VOCs in the waste gas, the desorption gas enters the RTO incinerator for treatment of the organic matters in the waste gas, a part of the waste gas after incineration is used as a heat source for regeneration of the adsorbent, and the remaining waste gas is desulfurized by the desulfurization tower and then discharged from the chimney.

7. The tar-containing waste gas pretreatment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The solid-gas ratio of the coke powder and the waste gas containing tar at the throat of the Venturi dust collector is 150-200 g / m 3 ; The inlet wind speed of the cyclone dust collector is 20-25 m / s.

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