Water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade heat energy collection and conversion composite material and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of evaporation power generation, and discloses a water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade heat energy collection and conversion composite material, which comprises a substrate, an upper electrode, a lower electrode and a composite material layer, the upper electrode and the lower electrode are located at the upper and lower ends of the same surface of the substrate, the composite material layer is formed by generating the composite material on the substrate, and the upper electrode and the lower electrode are located between the substrate and the composite material layer, the composite material is composed of 2DMOF, nafion and Span80. The present application also discloses a manufacturing method of the water evaporation power generation device, which comprises the following steps: S1, MOF suspension liquid; S2, preparation of Span80 ethanol solution; S3, preparation of mixed solution; S4, device manufacturing; and S5, drop coating film formation. The composite material layer of the water evaporation power generation device manufactured by the present application is not easy to fall off in air and water, the MOF is not easy to agglomerate during the manufacturing process, and the manufacturing difficulty is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of evaporation power generation technology, specifically to a water evaporation power generation device based on a low-grade thermal energy collection and conversion composite material and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] Water is one of the most abundant substances on Earth, covering 71% of the planet's surface. It is the source of life and energy, containing immense energy as a carrier. However, most of this energy is dissipated through evaporation, making it a difficult-to-collect, low-grade heat energy source. The annual power conversion from water evaporation alone exceeds 34 PW, three orders of magnitude higher than the average annual primary energy consumption by humankind. The natural water cycle is continuous, making water evaporation power generation an excellent new energy conversion method. It continuously converts the heat energy absorbed by water from the environment into electricity through the natural phenomenon of water evaporation, achieving the collection and conversion of low-grade heat energy. In recent years, due to its cleanliness, environmental friendliness, and low cost, water evaporation power generation has become a research hotspot in the field of new energy. Compared to traditional wind, solar, and tidal energy, water evaporation occurs constantly, is less affected by the environment, and can continuously output electricity.

[0003] The basic requirements for materials used in water evaporation power generation include the presence of numerous internal pores, a hydrophilic surface, and a high surface zeta potential. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are ordered porous crystalline materials formed by the linkage of metal ions (or clusters) with organic ligands. Due to their large specific surface area, abundant pores, and tunable physicochemical properties, they have shown great potential in various application fields, such as hydrogen storage, separation, and catalysis.

[0004] The core advantage of MOF materials in evaporative power generation lies in the fact that by controlling their metal nodes or organic ligands, the properties and crystal structure of MOF materials can be precisely adjusted at the molecular level, thereby effectively controlling the internal and external environment and pore structure. Therefore, theoretically, MOFs may be a very promising material for water evaporation power generation.

[0005] In the research on the use of MOFs for water evaporation power generation, in addition to the selection of MOF types, another important point that cannot be ignored is the forming problem of MOFs during the device fabrication process. MOFs are prone to agglomeration and detachment, which makes it difficult to fabricate devices. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite materials and its manufacturing method.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite material includes a substrate, an upper electrode, a lower electrode, and a composite material layer. The upper and lower electrodes are located at the upper and lower ends of the same side of the substrate. The composite material layer is formed on the substrate by generating composite material. The upper and lower electrodes are located between the substrate and the composite material layer. The composite material is composed of 2D MOF, Nafion, and Span80.

[0009] Furthermore, the composite material is generated on the substrate by hot pressing.

[0010] Furthermore, the composite material is generated on the substrate by a drop-coating solution film-forming method.

[0011] The above-mentioned method for fabricating a water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite materials includes the following steps:

[0012] S1, MOF suspension:

[0013] 2D MOF powder was dissolved in ultrapure water and ultrasonically dispersed for 15-30 min. The mass ratio of 2D MOF powder to ultrapure water was 1-2:1-5 to obtain MOF suspension.

[0014] Preparation of S2 and Span80 ethanol solutions:

[0015] Add Span80 dropwise to anhydrous ethanol solution and mix well. The mass ratio of Span80 to anhydrous ethanol solution is 0.5-1:10 to obtain Span80 ethanol solution.

[0016] S3. Preparation of mixed solutions:

[0017] The prepared MOF suspension was mixed with 5% Nafion solution and Span 80 ethanol solution in a volume ratio of 200:10-20:1-2, and sonicated for 1-2 hours to obtain a mixed solution.

[0018] S4. Component fabrication:

[0019] Two L-shaped electrodes are made on the substrate, and then a square groove is made with epoxy resin glue. The lower ends of the two L-shaped electrodes are located in the square groove. The shape will be set after the glue dries.

[0020] S5. Drop coating to form a film:

[0021] Use a dropper, pipette, or syringe to draw up the prepared mixed solution and slowly drip it into the square groove. Wait for it to air dry and form a film to obtain the water evaporation power generation device.

[0022] Furthermore, the synthesis method of the 2D MOF described in S1 is as follows:

[0023] Metal salts and organic ligand powders are added to an organic solvent and sonicated to fully dissolve them in the solvent and mix them evenly.

[0024] The solution was transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 125°C for 5 hours.

[0025] After the reaction was completed, the reaction vessel was removed, cooled to room temperature, and then the vessel was opened. The solution was transferred to a centrifuge tube, centrifuged, washed multiple times, and dried to obtain MOF powder.

[0026] Furthermore, the molar ratio of the metal salt, organic ligand powder, and organic solvent is 3-4:1-1.2:280-400.

[0027] Furthermore, the metal salt is aluminum chloride hexahydrate, the organic ligand is 2-hydroxyterephthalic acid, and the organic solvent is methanol.

[0028] Furthermore, the upper and lower L-shaped electrodes on the substrate described in S4 are made by coating with nano-conductive carbon black paste.

[0029] The present invention also provides a water evaporation power generation device manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method.

[0030] The present invention also provides the use of the water evaporation power generation device manufactured by the above-described method in water evaporation power generation.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] The composite material layer of the water evaporation power generation device manufactured in this invention is not easily detached in air or water, and the MOF does not easily agglomerate during the manufacturing process, making the manufacturing process simple. The device can charge and discharge supercapacitors, light up LED lights, multiple devices connected in series can light up light bulbs, power digital computers and work watches, light-controlled switches, self-powered wearable sweat lactate analyzers, and can combine power generation with solar cells, representing a promising application approach. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the water evaporation power generation device based on a low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite material of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of an embodiment of the water evaporation power generation device based on a low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite material of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the composite material layer in an embodiment of the water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite material of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite material of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the water evaporation power generation device based on a low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite material of the present invention (after drop coating).

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a 2DMOF material (5000x magnification) in an embodiment of the water evaporation power generation device based on a low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite material according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a 2DMOF material (SEM, 10000x magnification) in an embodiment of the water evaporation power generation device based on a low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite material according to the present invention.

[0040] The components include a substrate 1, an upper electrode 2, a lower electrode 3, a composite material layer 4, and a square groove 5. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite material of the present invention includes a substrate 1, an upper electrode 2, a lower electrode 3 and a composite material layer 4. The upper electrode 2 and the lower electrode 3 are located at the upper and lower ends of the same side of the substrate 1. The composite material layer 4 is formed on the substrate 1 by the composite material. The upper electrode 2 and the lower electrode 3 are located between the substrate 1 and the composite material layer 4. The composite material is composed of 2D MOF, Nafion and Span80.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Please see Figures 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution that is an improvement on Embodiment 1:

[0046] The composite material is generated on substrate 1 by hot pressing.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The present invention provides a technical solution that is an improvement on Embodiment 1:

[0049] The composite material was formed on substrate 1 by a drop-coating solution film-forming method.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, based on Example 3, the fabrication method of the water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite material includes the following steps:

[0052] Preparation of S1 and MOF suspension:

[0053] 2D MOF powder was dissolved in ultrapure water and ultrasonically dispersed for 15-30 min. The mass ratio of 2D MOF powder to ultrapure water was 1-2:1-5 to obtain MOF suspension.

[0054] Preparation of S2 and Span80 ethanol solutions:

[0055] Add Span80 dropwise to anhydrous ethanol solution and mix well. The mass ratio of Span80 to anhydrous ethanol solution is 0.5-1:10 to obtain Span80 ethanol solution.

[0056] S3. Preparation of mixed solutions:

[0057] The prepared MOF suspension was mixed with 5% Nafion solution and Span 80 ethanol solution in a volume ratio of 200:10-20:1-2, and sonicated for 1-2 hours to obtain a mixed solution.

[0058] S4. Component fabrication:

[0059] Two L-shaped electrodes are fabricated on the substrate 1, and then a square groove 5 is made with epoxy resin glue. The lower ends of the two L-shaped electrodes are located in the square groove 5. The shape is set after the glue dries.

[0060] S5. Drop coating to form a film:

[0061] Use a dropper, pipette, or syringe to draw up the prepared mixed solution and slowly drip it into the square groove 5. Wait for it to air dry and form a film to obtain the water evaporation power generation device.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] An improvement based on Example 4:

[0064] The above-mentioned method for fabricating a water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite materials includes the following steps:

[0065] Preparation of S1 and MOF suspension:

[0066] 2D MOF powder was dissolved in ultrapure water and ultrasonically dispersed for 15 min. The mass ratio of 2D MOF powder to ultrapure water was 1:1 to obtain MOF suspension.

[0067] Preparation of S2 and Span80 ethanol solutions:

[0068] Add Span80 dropwise to anhydrous ethanol solution and mix well. The mass ratio of Span80 to anhydrous ethanol solution is 0.5:10, thus obtaining Span80 ethanol solution.

[0069] S3. Preparation of mixed solutions:

[0070] The prepared MOF suspension was mixed with 5% Nafion solution and Span 80 ethanol solution in a volume ratio of 200:10:1, and sonicated for 1 hour to obtain a mixed solution.

[0071] S4. Component fabrication:

[0072] Two L-shaped electrodes are fabricated on the substrate 1, and then a square groove 5 is made with epoxy resin glue. The lower ends of the two L-shaped electrodes are located in the square groove 5. The shape is set after the glue dries.

[0073] S5. Drop coating to form a film:

[0074] Use a dropper, pipette, or syringe to draw up the prepared mixed solution and slowly drip it into the square groove 5. Wait for it to air dry and form a film to obtain the water evaporation power generation device.

[0075] Example 6

[0076] An improvement based on Example 4:

[0077] The above-mentioned method for fabricating a water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite materials includes the following steps:

[0078] Preparation of S1 and MOF suspension:

[0079] 2D MOF powder was dissolved in ultrapure water and ultrasonically dispersed for 20 min. The mass ratio of 2D MOF powder to ultrapure water was 1:3 to obtain MOF suspension.

[0080] Preparation of S2 and Span80 ethanol solutions:

[0081] Span80 was added dropwise to anhydrous ethanol solution and mixed thoroughly. The mass ratio of Span80 to anhydrous ethanol solution was 0.6:10, thus obtaining a Span80 ethanol solution.

[0082] S3. Preparation of mixed solutions:

[0083] The prepared MOF suspension was mixed with 5% Nafion solution and Span 80 ethanol solution in a volume ratio of 200:15:1.5 and sonicated for 1.5 hours to obtain a mixed solution.

[0084] S4. Component fabrication:

[0085] Two L-shaped electrodes are fabricated on the substrate 1, and then a square groove 5 is made with epoxy resin glue. The lower ends of the two L-shaped electrodes are located in the square groove 5. The shape is set after the glue dries.

[0086] S5. Drop coating to form a film:

[0087] Use a dropper, pipette, or syringe to draw up the prepared mixed solution and slowly drip it into the square groove 5. Wait for it to air dry and form a film to obtain the water evaporation power generation device.

[0088] Example 7

[0089] An improvement based on Example 4:

[0090] The above-mentioned method for fabricating a water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite materials includes the following steps:

[0091] Preparation of S1 and MOF suspension:

[0092] 2D MOF powder was dissolved in ultrapure water and ultrasonically dispersed for 25 min. The mass ratio of 2D MOF powder to ultrapure water was 1:5 to obtain MOF suspension.

[0093] Preparation of S2 and Span80 ethanol solutions:

[0094] Span80 was added dropwise to anhydrous ethanol solution and mixed thoroughly. The mass ratio of Span80 to anhydrous ethanol solution was 0.8:10, thus obtaining a Span80 ethanol solution.

[0095] S3. Preparation of mixed solutions:

[0096] The prepared MOF suspension was mixed with 5% Nafion solution and Span 80 ethanol solution in a volume ratio of 200:12:2, and sonicated for 2 hours to obtain a mixed solution.

[0097] S4. Component fabrication:

[0098] Two L-shaped electrodes are fabricated on the substrate 1, and then a square groove 5 is made with epoxy resin glue. The lower ends of the two L-shaped electrodes are located in the square groove 5. The shape is set after the glue dries.

[0099] S5. Drop coating to form a film:

[0100] Use a dropper, pipette, or syringe to draw up the prepared mixed solution and slowly drip it into the square groove 5. Wait for it to air dry and form a film to obtain the water evaporation power generation device.

[0101] Example 8

[0102] An improvement based on Example 4:

[0103] The above-mentioned method for fabricating a water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite materials includes the following steps:

[0104] Preparation of S1 and MOF suspension:

[0105] 2D MOF powder was dissolved in ultrapure water and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min. The mass ratio of 2D MOF powder to ultrapure water was 2:1 to obtain MOF suspension.

[0106] Preparation of S2 and Span80 ethanol solutions:

[0107] Add Span80 dropwise to anhydrous ethanol solution and mix well. The mass ratio of Span80 to anhydrous ethanol solution is 1:10 to obtain Span80 ethanol solution.

[0108] S3. Preparation of mixed solutions:

[0109] The prepared MOF suspension was mixed with 5% Nafion solution and Span 80 ethanol solution in a volume ratio of 200:20:1, and sonicated for 1 hour to obtain a mixed solution.

[0110] S4. Component fabrication:

[0111] Two L-shaped electrodes are fabricated on the substrate 1, and then a square groove 5 is made with epoxy resin glue, with the lower ends of the two L-shaped electrodes located in the square groove 5.

[0112] Use a dropper, pipette, or syringe to draw up the prepared mixed solution and slowly drip it into the square groove 5. Wait for it to air dry and form a film to obtain the water evaporation power generation device.

[0113] Example 9

[0114] An improvement based on Example 4:

[0115] The above-mentioned method for fabricating a water evaporation power generation device based on low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite materials includes the following steps:

[0116] Preparation of S1 and MOF suspension:

[0117] 2D MOF powder was dissolved in ultrapure water and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min. The mass ratio of 2D MOF powder to ultrapure water was 2:5 to obtain MOF suspension.

[0118] Preparation of S2 and Span80 ethanol solutions:

[0119] Add Span80 dropwise to anhydrous ethanol solution and mix well. The mass ratio of Span80 to anhydrous ethanol solution is 1:10 to obtain Span80 ethanol solution.

[0120] S3. Preparation of mixed solutions:

[0121] The prepared MOF suspension was mixed with 5% Nafion solution and Span 80 ethanol solution in a volume ratio of 200:20:2, and sonicated for 2 hours to obtain a mixed solution.

[0122] S4. Component fabrication:

[0123] Two L-shaped electrodes are fabricated on the substrate 1, and then a square groove 5 is made with epoxy resin glue. The lower ends of the two L-shaped electrodes are located in the square groove 5. The shape is set after the glue dries.

[0124] S5. Drop coating to form a film:

[0125] Use a dropper, pipette, or syringe to draw up the prepared mixed solution and slowly drip it into the square groove 5. Wait for it to air dry and form a film to obtain the water evaporation power generation device.

[0126] Example 10

[0127] An improvement based on Example 4:

[0128] Furthermore, the synthesis method of 2D MOF is as follows:

[0129] Metal salts and organic ligand powders are added to an organic solvent and sonicated to fully dissolve them in the solvent and mix them evenly.

[0130] The solution was transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 125°C for 5 hours.

[0131] After the reaction was completed, the reaction vessel was removed, cooled to room temperature, and then the vessel was opened. The solution was transferred to a centrifuge tube, centrifuged, washed multiple times, and dried to obtain MOF powder.

[0132] Example 11

[0133] Improvements based on Example 10:

[0134] Furthermore, the molar ratio of metal salt, organic ligand powder, and organic solvent is 3-4:1-1.2:280-400.

[0135] Example 12

[0136] An improvement based on Example 11:

[0137] The molar ratio of metal salt, organic ligand powder, and organic solvent is 3:1:280.

[0138] Example 13

[0139] An improvement based on Example 11:

[0140] The molar ratio of metal salt, organic ligand powder, and organic solvent is 3:1.1:300.

[0141] Example 14

[0142] An improvement based on Example 11:

[0143] The molar ratio of metal salt, organic ligand powder, and organic solvent is 3:1.2:400.

[0144] Example 15

[0145] An improvement based on Example 11:

[0146] The molar ratio of metal salt, organic ligand powder, and organic solvent is 3:1.2:400.

[0147] Example 16

[0148] An improvement based on Example 11:

[0149] Furthermore, the metal salt is aluminum chloride hexahydrate, the organic ligand is 2-hydroxyterephthalic acid, and the organic solvent is methanol.

[0150] Example 17

[0151] An improvement based on Example Sixteen:

[0152] Furthermore, the upper and lower L-shaped electrodes on the substrate are made by coating with nano-conductive carbon black paste.

[0153] Example 18

[0154] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment uses a drop-coating solution film-forming method to prepare a water evaporation power generation device based on a low-grade heat energy harvesting and conversion composite material:

[0155] 1) Synthesis of 2D MOF: 930 mg of aluminum chloride hexahydrate and 235 mg of 2-hydroxyterephthalic acid were dissolved in 12.5 mL of methanol. The solution was sonicated until dissolved and thoroughly mixed. The solution was transferred to a 25 mL high-pressure reactor and reacted at 125 °C for 5 h. After the reaction, the reactor was removed, cooled to room temperature, and the solution was transferred to centrifuge tubes, centrifuged, washed once with water and three times with methanol, and dried at 60 °C to obtain MOF powder. The obtained MOF powder was analyzed by SEM. The analytical results are shown below. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown.

[0156] 2) MOF suspension: Dissolve 1g of powder in 2mL of ultrapure water and sonicate for 30min to disperse MOF evenly in water.

[0157] Preparation of Span80 ethanol solution: Add 0.5g of Span80 dropwise to 10g of anhydrous ethanol solution, mix well, and obtain a Span80 ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 5wt%.

[0158] 3) Preparation of mixed solution: Mix the prepared MOF suspension with 5% Nafion solution and Span 80 ethanol solution. The volume ratio of the three solutions is approximately 200:10:1. Sonicate for 2 hours.

[0159] 4) Device fabrication: Two L-shaped electrodes are coated onto a glass slide using nano-conductive carbon black paste. A square groove is then created using epoxy resin adhesive. After the adhesive dries, the device is set (e.g., ...). Figure 4 (As shown).

[0160] 5) Film Formation by Drop Coating: Using a dropper, pipette, or syringe, draw up the prepared mixed solution and slowly drop it into the square groove 5. Allow it to air dry and form a film, thus obtaining the water evaporation power generation device (e.g., Figure 5 (As shown).

[0161] It should be noted that, in the above-mentioned various embodiments, MOFs can also be generated on the substrate by other methods, instead of hot pressing and drop-coating solution film formation methods.

[0162] The different embodiments described above can be combined, substituted, or used in combination with each other.

[0163] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for fabricating a water evaporation power generation device based on a low-grade thermal energy harvesting and conversion composite material, characterized in that, The water evaporation power generation device includes a substrate (1), an upper electrode (2), a lower electrode (3), and a composite material layer (4). The upper electrode (2) and the lower electrode (3) are located at the upper and lower ends of the same side of the substrate (1). The composite material layer (4) is formed on the substrate (1) by generating a composite material. The upper electrode (2) and the lower electrode (3) are located between the substrate (1) and the composite material layer (4). The composite material is composed of 2D MOF, Nafion, and Span80. The manufacturing method includes the following steps: S1, MOF suspension: Dissolve 2D MOF powder in ultrapure water and ultrasonically disperse for 15-30 min. The mass ratio of 2D MOF powder to ultrapure water is 1-2:1-5 to obtain MOF suspension. Preparation of S2 and Span80 ethanol solution: Add Span80 dropwise to anhydrous ethanol solution and mix well. The mass ratio of Span80 to anhydrous ethanol solution is 0.5-1:10 to obtain Span80 ethanol solution. S3. Preparation of mixed solution: Mix the prepared MOF suspension with 5% Nafion solution and Span 80 ethanol solution in a volume ratio of 200:10-20:1-2, and sonicate for 1-2 hours to obtain the mixed solution. S4. Device fabrication: Fabricate two L-shaped electrodes on the substrate (1), and then use epoxy resin glue to make a square groove (5). The lower ends of the two L-shaped electrodes are located in the square groove (5). The glue can be set after it dries. S5. Drop coating to form a film: Use a dropper, pipette or syringe to draw up the prepared mixed solution and slowly drop it into the square groove (5), wait for it to air dry to form a film, and then obtain the water evaporation power generation device.

2. The manufacturing method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The synthesis method of the 2D MOF described in S1 is as follows: Metal salts and organic ligand powders are added to an organic solvent and sonicated to fully dissolve them in the solvent and mix them evenly. The solution was transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 125°C for 5 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction vessel was removed, cooled to room temperature, and then the vessel was opened. The solution was transferred to a centrifuge tube, centrifuged, washed multiple times, and dried to obtain MOF powder.

3. The manufacturing method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the metal salt, organic ligand powder, and organic solvent is 3-4:1-1.2:280-400.

4. The manufacturing method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The metal salt is aluminum chloride hexahydrate, the organic ligand powder is 2-hydroxyterephthalic acid, and the organic solvent is methanol.

5. The manufacturing method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The two L-shaped electrodes on the substrate described in S4 are made by coating with nano-conductive carbon black paste.

6. The manufacturing method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The composite material is generated on the substrate (1) by hot pressing instead of by drop-coating solution film formation.

7. A water evaporation power generation device manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. The use of the water evaporation power generation device manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1-6 in water evaporation power generation.

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