A head and neck surgical retractor positioning system and positioning method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a surgical retractor positioning system and a positioning method. The positioning method utilizes a retractor system to realize positioning of a patient's head and neck. The retractor system comprises a suspension ring and a bracket. The present invention is configured with a suspension ring that can be folded and opened, and is combined with a cross bar assembled through a first joint component. The positioning position of the retractor can be adjusted according to demand, thereby realizing multi-position changes and satisfying positioning at different angles. The positioning method is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and in particular relates to a head and neck surgical retractor positioning system and positioning method. Background Art

[0002] Surgery is an important means for medicine to solve clinical problems. Since the head and neck area is complex in neurovascular system, most of the head and neck open surgeries are currently performed using open surgery. However, scars on the head and neck have a great impact on patients. In order to achieve surgical incision transfer and avoid obvious scars on the head and neck, special auxiliary equipment is required to pull open the surrounding tissues to expose the surgical area for surgery. In order to solve the demand for supporting instruments for innovative surgical procedures such as head and neck incision transfer, and how to quickly locate supporting instruments, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a surgical positioning method, which system and method can effectively position the head and neck of a patient.

[0004] To this end, the surgical positioning method provided by the present invention uses a retractor system to realize the positioning of the patient's head and neck, and the retractor system includes: a suspension ring, including a first body, a second body, a first link and a second link, the first body and the second body are connected by the first link and the second link to form a complete body, when the first body and the second body are connected by the first link and the second link, the first body or the second body can be turned over with the first link and the second link as the axis point, and the first body or the second body is fixed by the first link or the second link after turning a certain angle, and the first link also includes an assembly rod;

[0005] and a bracket, used for assembling the suspension ring, comprising a vertical pole, a cross bar A and a cross bar B, wherein the cross bar A is assembled between the vertical pole and the cross bar B, and the cross bar A and the cross bar B are assembled together through a first joint assembly that can make the cross bar A and the cross bar B movable; the suspended end of the cross bar B is used for assembling the assembly rod of the suspension ring;

[0006] The positioning system includes initial positioning and fine positioning. The initial positioning is achieved by adjusting the crossbar A and the crossbar B to place the suspension ring in the first target position; the fine positioning is achieved by adjusting the relative position relationship between the first body or the second body and the assembly rod so that the surgical approach incision position is located vertically below the positioning point.

[0007] In some embodiments, when the positioning method is used to position the part behind the ear, the first body and the second body are linked together by the first link and the second link, and a certain angle is formed between the two; below the intersection of the connecting line formed between the first link and the second link and the connecting line formed between the first body and the second body is the positioning point of the patient's head and neck where surgery is required.

[0008] In some embodiments, when the positioning method is used to position the base of the neck, one end of the first body is separated from the second body, and a certain angle is formed between the first body and the second body; the positioning point of the patient's head and neck where surgery is required is below the intersection of a line extended from the point where the first body and the second body are connected as the vertex and a connecting line formed between the two points on the first body and the second body that are farthest apart.

[0009] In some embodiments, when the positioning method is used to position the base of the neck, the first body is in a vertical state, and below its highest point is the positioning point of the patient's head and neck where surgery is required.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first joint assembly includes a first clamping head, a second clamping head and a locking piece, the first clamping head and the second clamping head are assembled together via the locking piece, the first clamping head is used to be gap assembled with the cross bar A, and the second clamping head is used to be gap assembled with the cross bar B; toothed structures are distributed on the contact surface between the first clamping head and the second clamping head and on the contact surface between the second clamping head and the first clamping head, and indication scales for rotation indication are distributed on the first clamping head and / or the second clamping head; the first clamping head or the second clamping head is rotated to adjust the relative angle between the cross bar A and the cross bar B so that the suspension ring is positioned in different plane positions.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cross bar A and the vertical pole are assembled together through a second joint assembly, and the second joint assembly includes a second rotating knob, a rotating shaft, a first assembly head and a second assembly head; the second assembly head is assembled on the cross bar A and the rotating shaft is assembled on the second assembly head, the first assembly head is assembled on the vertical pole and is provided with a through hole for assembling the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft passes through the through hole for assembly and cooperates with the second knob to realize the assembly of the cross bar A and the vertical pole, and the rotating shaft and the first assembly head are assembled in a gap; toothed structures are distributed on the contact surface between the first assembly head and the second assembly head and on the contact surface between the second assembly head and the first assembly head; indicator scales for rotation indication are distributed on the first assembly head and / or the second assembly head, and the first assembly head or the second assembly head is rotated to adjust the relative angle between the cross bar A and the vertical pole so that the suspension ring is positioned in different plane positions.

[0012] In some embodiments, a third joint assembly for assembling and locking the suspension ring is installed on the suspended end of the cross bar B, and the third joint assembly includes a third assembly head, a third clamping head and a third knob. The third assembly head is assembled on the cross bar B and is equipped with a mounting shaft. The third clamping head is sleeved on the mounting shaft and is locked or unlocked under the action of the third knob; the third clamping head is used as an assembly component for assembling the suspension ring; tooth structures are distributed on the contact surface between the third assembly head and the third clamping head and on the contact surface between the third clamping head and the third assembly head; indicator scales for rotation indication are distributed on the third assembly head and / or the third clamping head, and the third assembly head or the third clamping head is rotated to adjust the relative angle between the cross bar A and the cross bar B so that the suspension ring is positioned in different plane positions.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0014] 1) The present invention is equipped with a design that the suspension ring can be folded and opened, and combined with the cross bar assembled through the first joint component, the positioning position of the hook can be adjusted according to needs, realizing multi-position changes, meeting the positioning of different angles, and the positioning method is simple.

[0015] 2) A toothed structure is set at the bracket joint to form an anti-loosening structure, which improves the load-bearing tension; and there are indicator scales on the joint components to make the positioning angle visible and improve the positioning accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present invention, and together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 An exploded view of a structure of a draw hook provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the mirror sheath assembly shown in;

[0019] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of another structure of the retractor provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the mirror sheath assembly shown in;

[0021] Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of another structure of the retractor provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a retractor seat provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 An exploded view of the retractor seat provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of the retractor seat provided by the present invention;

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the retractor and the retractor seat recorded in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10-11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the suspension ring provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 12-14 A schematic diagram of the state of the suspension ring provided by the present invention;

[0028] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the retractor, retractor seat and suspension ring recorded in the present invention;

[0029] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the stent described in the present invention;

[0030] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the stent described in the present invention;

[0031] Fig.18 for Fig.17 Exploded diagram of

[0032] Fig.19 for Fig.18 19-19 partial enlarged picture;

[0033] Fig. 20 for Fig.18 20-20 partial enlarged view;

[0034] Fig.21 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the retractor, retractor seat, suspension ring and bracket;

[0035] Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of a post-auricular hairline approach of the surgical retractor system of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.23 A schematic diagram of another surgical retractor system behind the ear hairline approach of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.24 A schematic diagram of a neck root approach of the surgical retractor system of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.25 A schematic diagram of another cervical root approach method of a surgical retractor system of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.26 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning area of ​​the surgical retractor system described in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the invention will be more comprehensive and complete and fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0041] The invention discloses a surgical retractor system, which realizes the positioning and assembly of a retractor to meet the use requirements. The system comprises a retractor, a retractor seat, a suspension ring and a bracket, wherein the retractor is assembled on the retractor seat, the retractor seat is assembled on the suspension ring, and the suspension ring is assembled on the bracket.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 , 35. The hook 1 includes a hook rod 101 and a hook plate 102 assembled with the hook rod 101. The hook rod 101 is provided with a first card slot 103. The hook plate 102 is provided with a mirror sheath assembly for providing a mounting fulcrum. The mirror sheath assembly includes a mirror sheath rod 104 assembled on the hook plate 102 and a mirror sheath 105 assembled on the mirror sheath rod 104 for providing a mounting fulcrum for auxiliary equipment assembly. Among them, the hook plate 102 includes a horizontal plate 106 and a vertical plate 107. The horizontal plate 106 is connected to the vertical plate 107 through an arc-shaped connecting plate 108 to avoid the safety hazards of the right-angle structure formed therebetween. The side edges of the horizontal plate 106 and the vertical plate 107 are respectively provided with a second card slot 109 for assembling the suction tube 3, thereby realizing the installation of the suction tube 3. The angle between the horizontal plate 106 and the vertical plate 107 ranges from 60° to 120°. The suction tube 3 can be fixed to the side edges of the horizontal plate 106 and the vertical plate 107 by clamping, welding, bonding, etc. The hook plate 102 can also be replaced by a single hook 1021 or a double hook 1022 or a U-shaped hook when it only plays a pulling role. Fig.23 shown.

[0043] The first clamping groove 103 is formed by the annular tooth structure of the outer wall of the hook rod, and the first clamping groove 103 is locked by the locking device.

[0044] The retractor disclosed in the present invention provides a mounting fulcrum to facilitate the installation of auxiliary equipment, such as an endoscope, a suction tube, etc.

[0045] By connecting the suction tube 3 to the negative pressure suction device, the smoke generated by cutting tissues with instruments such as electric knives and ultrasonic knives can be sucked out, thereby ensuring the surgical field of view and reducing the harm caused by smoke; the retractor is equipped with a card slot to realize the assembly of the suction tube, and the suction tube can be replaced; the suction tube does not require additional auxiliary personnel to assist, which reduces the personnel configuration during the use of the instrument and is easy to assemble.

[0046] The retractor provided by the present invention includes at least the following beneficial effects: by being configured with a sheath assembly, an installation fulcrum is provided, which can be used for auxiliary equipment installation, thereby reducing the operator's muscle fatigue. The retractor is equipped with a card slot to realize the separate assembly of the suction tube. By connecting the suction tube to the negative pressure suction device, the smoke generated by instruments such as electric knives and ultrasonic knives when cutting tissues can be sucked, thereby ensuring the surgical field of view and reducing the harm caused by smoke. The retractor is equipped with a card slot to realize the assembly of the suction tube, without the need for additional auxiliary personnel to assist, thus reducing the personnel configuration during the use of the instrument; and the assembly is convenient. The relative height of the sheath rod and the retractor plate is adjustable, which is suitable for use in different situations; the sheath can be rotated and can be rotated to the target direction as needed; when the auxiliary equipment installed is an endoscope, visual operation of the target direction is realized. The suction tube and the sheath assembly can be made of disposable plastic parts, which are low-cost and simple in structure, and solve the inconvenience of cleaning caused by reuse and the risk of unclean handling.

[0047] In the present disclosure, the mirror sheath rod 104 can be directly mounted on the vertical plate 107, and the mirror sheath 105 is mounted on its lower end; or the mirror sheath rod 104 is mounted on the vertical plate 107 through the mirror sheath sleeve 110, combined with Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the mirror sheath sleeve 110 is installed on the vertical plate 107 , and the mirror sheath rod 104 is assembled through the mirror sheath sleeve 110 .

[0048] refer to Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in the present disclosure, the mirror sheath assembly further includes a mirror sheath sleeve 110 and a spring piece 120. The mirror sheath sleeve 110 is assembled on the vertical plate 107. The outer wall of the mirror sheath rod 104 includes first bosses 121 formed at intervals, and fourth slots 122 are formed between adjacent first bosses 121. The mirror sheath rod 104 is assembled through the mirror sheath sleeve 110, and the spring piece 120 is used to match the fourth slot 122 to achieve height adjustment of the mirror sheath rod 104.

[0049] Apply external force to press the spring piece 120, generating a force on the spring piece 120, and the spring piece 120 is deformed and pulled out from the inserted fourth slot 122; after pulling the mirror sheath rod 104 to the specified position, release the spring piece 120, and after the spring piece 120 is reset, insert it into the corresponding fourth slot 122 to achieve the positioning of the mirror sheath rod 104 and realize height adjustment.

[0050] refer to Figure 3 , as shown in FIG. 4 , another structure is: the mirror sheath assembly further includes a mirror sheath sleeve 110, the mirror sheath sleeve 110 is mounted on the vertical plate 107, the mirror sheath rod 104 includes a first side rod 111 and a second side rod 112, an elastic groove 113 is arranged between the first side rod 111 and the second side rod 112, and the elastic groove 113 does not penetrate the mirror sheath rod 104, leaving a mirror sheath 105 assembly position, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 , 4The setting of the elastic groove 113 reduces the thickness of the first side rod 111 and the second side rod 112, so that the first side rod 111 and the second side rod 112 can be pressed toward the elastic groove 113 when subjected to external force to ensure that they can penetrate the mirror sheath sleeve 110, and the two can be fitted with each other after the external force is eliminated.

[0051] By applying a force in the direction of the elastic groove 113, the first side rod 111 and the second side rod 112 are released from the interference fit with the mirror sheath sleeve 110, and then the mirror sheath rod 104 is moved upward and downward to the target position and the force applied to the first side rod 111 and the second side rod 112 is eliminated so that the interference fit is performed between the mirror sheath sleeve 110 again, thereby achieving height adjustment.

[0052] In this structure, the outer wall of the first side rod 111 includes spaced bosses 114, and a third slot 115 is formed between adjacent bosses 114. Figure 4 As shown; a card plate matching the third card slot 115 is formed on the inner wall of the mirror sheath sleeve 110, and the mirror sheath rod 104 passes through the mirror sheath sleeve 110 and is inserted into the third card slot 115 to achieve assembly.

[0053] By applying a force in the direction of the elastic slot 113, the first side rod 111 and the second side rod 114 are pulled out of the third slot 115, and then the mirror sheath rod 104 is moved up and down to the target position, the force applied to the first side rod 111 and the second side rod 112 is eliminated to insert the card plate into the corresponding third slot 115, so that the height can be adjusted.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, another embodiment is shown: the mirror sheath assembly also includes a mirror sheath sleeve 110 and a height adjustment module, the mirror sheath sleeve 110 is assembled on the vertical plate 107, and the side wall of the mirror sheath rod 104 is provided with a card slot, and the height adjustment module includes a gear, a connecting rod (not shown) and a rotating member 116, the gear is assembled on one end of the connecting rod through a bearing, and the other end of the connecting rod is assembled on the rotating member 116. The mirror sheath rod 104 is assembled through the mirror sheath sleeve 110, and the card slot thereon is meshed with the gear; when the rotating member 116 is rotated, the connecting rod drives the gear to rotate, and under the action of the card slot, the mirror sheath rod 104 is driven to move up and down to achieve height adjustment.

[0055] Another embodiment: the mirror sheath assembly also includes a mirror sheath sleeve 110 and a height adjustment module, the mirror sheath sleeve 110 is mounted on the vertical plate 107, the side wall of the mirror sheath rod 104 is provided with a card slot, and the height adjustment module includes a gear, a motor, a motor drive circuit and a button, the gear is mounted on the motor output shaft, and the motor drive circuit is electrically connected to the motor to drive the motor to rotate forward and reverse. The mirror sheath rod 104 is assembled through the mirror sheath sleeve 110, and the card slot on it forms a meshing assembly with the gear; by operating the button, the motor drive circuit outputs a drive signal to control the motor to rotate forward and reverse, driving the gear to rotate, and under the action of the card slot, the mirror sheath rod 104 is driven to move up and down to achieve height adjustment.

[0056] In another embodiment, the sheath rod 104 is made of an elastic element, and when an external force is applied to the sheath rod 104 , it is deformed so that it can pass through the sheath sleeve 110 . When the external force is eliminated, the sheath rod 104 is restored to an interference fit with the sheath sleeve 110 .

[0057] The sheath rod 104 is deformed by applying force to release the interference fit with the sheath sleeve 110, and then the sheath rod 104 is moved up and down to the target position and the force applied to the sheath rod 104 is eliminated to make it interfere with the sheath sleeve 110 again, so as to achieve height adjustment.

[0058] refer to Figure 1-3 As shown, in the present disclosure, the scope sheath 105 includes a first sheath body 123 and a second sheath body 124 assembled with the first sheath body 123, and the second sheath body 124 includes a mounting hole for assembling auxiliary instruments including an endoscope to provide a fulcrum. An assembly groove 125 is provided at the bottom end of the scope sheath rod 104, and the scope sheath assembly also includes a scope sheath joint splint 126, and the scope sheath joint splint 126 includes a left scope sheath joint splint 127 and a right scope sheath joint splint 128. After the left scope sheath joint splint 127 and the right scope sheath joint splint 128 are assembled, a sheath body cavity 1261 is formed, which can be used for assembling the first sheath body 123.

[0059] The left sheath joint splint 127 and the right sheath joint splint 128 respectively include a vertical section and an arc section. The vertical section is provided with a joint splint through hole 129, which is assembled in the hole of the assembly groove 125 through a cylindrical pin 130. After the left sheath joint splint 127 and the right sheath joint splint 128 are assembled together, the arc sections of the two constitute a sheath body cavity 1261 for assembling the first sheath body 123.

[0060] In order to allow the scope sheath 105 to turn to different directions, the diameter of the cavity opening of the sheath body cavity 1261 formed by the arc segments of the left sheath joint splint 127 and the right sheath joint splint 128 is larger than the size of the transition rod 131 connecting the first sheath body 123 and the second sheath body 124, so that the first sheath body 123 can rotate in the sheath body cavity 1261.

[0061] In the present disclosure, the mirror sheath 105 may also be configured as a universal coupling or a coupling or a universal mirror sheath.

[0062] In the retractor structure, the retractor plate is made of anti-reflective material, such as frosted rigid material or frosted rubber material or frosted glass; or, the surface of the retractor plate is covered with an anti-reflective layer, such as a rubber layer, to avoid the impact on medical staff caused by reflection.

[0063] The sheath rod, the hook rod, the sheath sleeve, etc. can be made of a rigid material, such as aluminum alloy / aluminum, or a rubber material with high strength performance.

[0064] The hook seat 2 described in the present disclosure can conveniently assemble the hook 1 on the suspension ring 4, and the suspension ring 4 is then assembled on the bracket 6, so that the hook 1 is fixedly installed for use. Figure 6 , 7 As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the hook seat 2 includes a hook seat body 201, a base 202 assembled with the hook seat body 201, and a locking device assembled on the hook seat body 201 for locking the hook. The hook seat body 201 is provided with a hook seat through hole 203 for assembling the hook rod 101. After the hook rod is assembled through the hook seat through hole 203, it is locked by the locking device.

[0065] In the present disclosure, the locking device includes a hook rod pressing block 204 and a return spring 205. A through slot 206 is provided on the hook seat body 201. The return spring 205 is a spring sheet. The hook rod pressing block 204 is assembled in the through slot 206 through a first cylindrical pin 207. One end of the return spring 205 is assembled in the through slot 206, and the other end is against the hook rod pressing block 204, so that the hook rod pressing block 204 is assembled on the hook seat body 201. The return spring 205 is assembled between the hook seat body 201 and the hook rod pressing block 204. When an external force is applied to the hook rod pressing block 204, the return spring 205 is compressed to make the hook rod pressing block 204 move away from the hook rod to achieve unlocking; when no external force is applied, the return spring 205 provides a restoring force to make the hook rod pressing block 204 against the hook rod 101 and snap into the first snap slot 103 of the hook rod 101 to achieve locking of the hook 1.

[0066] The end of the hook rod pressing block 204 matches the first slot 103 on the hook rod 101, and the height can be adjusted while being locked. When the position of the hook seat 2 assembled on the hook rod 101 needs to be adjusted, an external force is applied to the hook rod pressing block 204. Under the action of the reset spring 205 and the first cylindrical pin 207, the end of the hook rod pressing block 204 moves away from the hook rod 101 under the action of the external force to achieve unlocking. After the hook is moved to the target position, the external force is eliminated. Under the action of the reset spring 205 and the first cylindrical pin 207, the end of the hook rod pressing block 204 engages with the first slot 103 to achieve locking, and the height adjustment is achieved.

[0067] In another embodiment, the first slot 103 on the hook rod 101 is a ring tooth structure, and the ring tooth is a right-angled triangle cross section. The hook rod 1 is inserted into the hook seat through hole 203, and the hook rod pressing block 204 clamps the right-angled side of the triangle cross section of the ring tooth, so that the hook rod 101 is fixed and does not fall off. Under the action of the reset spring 205, the hook rod pressing block 204 can slide freely in the reverse direction because the ring tooth is a right-angled triangle cross section. Under the action of the reset spring 205, the hook rod pressing block 204 is clamped into the ring tooth structure, and the hook can be quickly fixed to the required position. Pressing the hook rod pressing block 204 releases the ring tooth structure, and the hook can be quickly disassembled.

[0068] In the present disclosure, the side wall of the hook seat body 201 forms an assembly platform 208, and the base 202 extends to form a first assembly side 209 and a second assembly side 210 opposite to each other. The assembly platform 208 is assembled in the space formed between the first assembly side 209 and the second assembly side 210 to realize the assembly of the hook seat body 201 and the base 202.

[0069] In the present disclosure, the assembly table 208 is assembled in the space formed between the first assembly side 209 and the second assembly side 210 through the second cylindrical pin 211; the hook seat body 201 can rotate with the second cylindrical pin 211 as the axis, and the two form a clamping structure. When an external force is applied, the hook seat body 201 or the base 202 and the base 202 or the hook seat body 201 are in an open state. After clamping the suspension ring 4, the external force is eliminated, and the hook can be assembled on the suspension ring 4 with the assembly parts.

[0070] In the present disclosure, the assembly part is configured as a screw ring 212 disposed on the base 202 and a hook seat knob 213 matched with the screw ring 212, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly.

[0071] Of course, it is understandable that the assembly platform 208 can also be directly welded in the space formed between the first assembly side 209 and the second assembly side 210, so that a certain space is formed between the hook seat body 201 and the base 202 for assembling the suspension ring 4, and then assembled with the assembly parts.

[0072] like Figure 6-9As shown, the hook seat 2 of the present invention also includes an angle adjustment device 214 for adjusting the angle of the hook 1. The angle adjustment device 214 includes an angle knob 240, a threaded rod 241 and a limiting ring 242 in sequence. The limiting ring 242 is limited in the limiting groove 216 of the base 202. The threaded rod 241 is installed on the side of the hook seat body 201 in a threaded matching manner. By applying an external force to rotate the angle knob 240, the angle adjustment device 214 rotates in the direction of the force. Since the limiting ring 242 is limited in the limiting groove 216 of the base 202, as the length of the threaded rod 241 changes, the angle adjustment device 214 drives the hook seat body 201 to rotate along the second cylindrical pin 211 as the axis, thereby adjusting the angle of the hook 1.

[0073] The assembly structure of the hook seat 2 and the hook 1 in the present disclosure is as follows Fig. 9 As shown, the assembly structure assembled on the suspension ring 4 is as shown Fig.15 shown.

[0074] In this disclosure, reference Fig.10 , 11 Combined with Fig.12 The suspension ring 4 includes a first body 401, a second body 402, a first linking member and a second linking member. The first body 401 and the second body 402 are connected by the first linking member and the second linking member to form a complete body for assembling the hook seat 2, and the first body 401 or the second body 402 can be flipped with the first linking member or the second linking member as the axis point.

[0075] Please refer to Fig.10 As shown, in the present disclosure, the first linking member includes a first flip chain plate 404 with a first linking body 403 and a second flip chain plate 406 with a second linking body 405, and the first body 401 and the second body 402 are respectively assembled on the first flip chain plate 404 and the second flip linking plate 406; the first linking body 403 and the second linking body 405 are respectively provided with through holes for assembling the assembly rod 416. To facilitate assembly with external equipment, the assembly rod 416 of the suspension ring 4 of the present disclosure can be formed by extending the second linking body 405, or can be fixed by welding or riveting. The first body 401 or the second body 402 can be flipped with the assembly rod 416 as the rotation axis.

[0076] Here, the first link also includes a fourth knob 407 and an assembly shaft 408, and the end of the assembly shaft 408 is a knob connecting rod 409 for assembling the fourth knob 407; the first flip chain plate 404 fixes the assembly shaft 408, and under the action of the fourth knob 407, the positioning pin 410 and the first body connector 415, one end of the first body 401 can be detachably assembled on the first flip chain plate 404. The first body 401 and the first body connector 415 are welded or integrally manufactured. The fourth knob 407 can be in the form of a knob or a rotating rod. The first flip chain plate 404 and the first body connector 415 are meshed and matched. After being locked by the fourth knob 407, the first flip chain plate 404 and the first body connector 415 are meshed, ensuring the stability of the first flip chain plate 404 and the first body connector 415, and no slipping occurs. At the same time, the first body connector 415 can also bear a large pulling force. By loosening the fourth knob 407 , the first flip chain plate 404 and the first body connector 415 can rotate around the assembly axis 408 .

[0077] By applying external force to the fourth knob 407, the knob can be unscrewed to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the first body 401. When the other end of the first body 401 is in a suspended state, the first body 401 can rotate around the assembly axis 408 to form a certain angle with the second body 402. Fig.10 , 13 , as shown in 14. Fig.13 , 14 The fourth knob 407 shown is in the form of a knob, and the fourth knob 407 can be rotated and locked or unscrewed with the assembly shaft 408 in a threaded manner.

[0078] In the present disclosure, the second link includes a fifth knob 411, a locking ring 412, a first hinge 413 and a second hinge 414. The first hinge 413 and / or the second hinge 414 is an open structure for snap-fit ​​assembly with the fifth knob 411; the fifth knob 411 and the locking ring 412 cooperate to form a position for snap-fit ​​assembly of the first hinge 413 and the second hinge 414, and lock them; the first hinge 413 and the second hinge 414 are respectively used for assembly with the first body 401 and the second body 402.

[0079] refer to Fig.10 , 11 、12 and combine Fig.13As shown, after the first hinge 413 and the second hinge 414 are snap-fitted to the fifth knob 411, they can be rotated with the fifth knob 411 as the axis, and the first linking member can be used to realize the flipping of the first body and the second body to meet different requirements. As needed, the first hinge 413 can be separated from the fifth knob 411, and the corresponding end of the first body 401 is suspended in the air, and only the first linking member is used as the axis to rotate to the target angle. The fourth knob 407 and the assembly shaft 408 can be used to fix the first body 401 after it is rotated to the target position. The assembly method between the fourth knob and the assembly shaft and the knob connecting rod can adopt a threaded assembly method, which can be tightened or loosened by applying external force. The first body 401 and the second body 402 are separated at one end in the air, which can realize a larger angle of the first body and the second body to meet the needs of the surgeon in hanging different hooks and a larger operating space.

[0080] In the present disclosure, the first link and the second link can also be configured as a hinge structure to realize the rotation of the first body and the second body. A plurality of latches 417 are distributed on the first body and / or the second body. The latch 417 is a circular or semicircular groove, and the hook seat is provided with a hook seat knob 213 which is locked in the latch by bolts. The latches are distributed on the circumference of the suspension ring, and different angles of the hook seat can be installed by hanging different latches; and the angle adjustment device 214 is used to adjust the angle of the hook.

[0081] like Fig.21 As shown, the suspension ring 4 is assembled on the bracket 6 for fixing, and the retractor 1 is assembled on the suspension ring 4 via the retractor seat 2. Figure 16-20 The bracket 6 includes a vertical pole 601, a cross bar A602 and a cross bar B603. The cross bar A602 is assembled between the vertical pole 601 and the cross bar B603. The cross bar A602 is assembled with the vertical pole 601 through a second joint assembly, and is assembled with the cross bar B603 through a first joint assembly. The suspended end of the cross bar B603 is used for assembling a target device. The target device can be directly assembled on the suspended end of the cross bar B603, or it can be assembled on the suspended end of the cross bar B603 through a third joint assembly.

[0082] Fig.16This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the bracket recorded in the present invention. The first joint assembly in the bracket 6 includes a first clamping head 604, a second clamping head 605 and a locking piece. The first clamping head 604 and the second clamping head 605 are assembled together through the locking piece. The first clamping head 604 is used for assembling the crossbar A602, and the second clamping head 605 is used for assembling the crossbar B603. There is a clearance assembly between the first clamping head 604 and the crossbar A602, and between the second clamping head 605 and the crossbar B603, so that the crossbar A602 and the crossbar B603 can move and rotate; or there is an interference assembly between the first clamping head 604 and the crossbar A602, so that the crossbar A602 cannot move or rotate, and there is a clearance assembly between the second clamping head 605 and the crossbar B603, so that the crossbar B603 can move and rotate.

[0083] Here, the locking part includes a screw and a first knob 606. The first knob 606 includes an internal thread matching the screw thread. After the screw passes through the first clamping head 604 and the second clamping head 605, it is tightened by the first knob 606 to achieve the assembly between the first clamping head 604, the second clamping head 605, the cross bar A602 and the cross bar B603; when a reverse action is applied to the first knob 606, the first knob 606 is loosened, and the first clamping head 604, the second clamping head 605, the cross bar A602 and the cross bar B603 can be disassembled to achieve assembly adjustment.

[0084] Combination Figure 18-20 As shown, the second joint assembly includes a second knob 607, a rotating shaft 608, a first assembly head 609 and a second assembly head 610. The second assembly head 610 is assembled on the crossbar A602 and the rotating shaft 608 is assembled on the second assembly head 610. The first assembly head 609 is assembled on the vertical pole 601 and is provided with a rotating shaft hole for assembling the rotating shaft 608. The rotating shaft 608 is assembled through the rotating shaft hole and cooperates with the second knob 607 and the bayonet 614 to realize the assembly of the crossbar A602 and the vertical pole 601, and the crossbar A602 can rotate. Here, the rotating shaft 608 is configured as a screw or with an external thread, and the second knob 607 has an internal thread. By applying an external force to rotate the second knob 607, the second knob 607 can be tightened or loosened, which is convenient for disassembly, assembly, or adjustment and assembly. Reference Fig. 20 The first assembly head 609 includes a scale indicator 651, and the second assembly head 610 includes a scale indicator plate 652. The scale indicator 651 and the scale indicator plate 652 can cooperate to indicate a specific angle.

[0085] In the present disclosure, the third joint assembly includes a third assembly head 611, a third clamping head 612 and a third knob 613. The third assembly head 611 is assembled on the crossbar B603 and is equipped with a mounting shaft. The third clamping head 612 is sleeved on the mounting shaft and is locked or unlocked under the action of the third knob 613. The third knob 613 and the mounting shaft are threadedly assembled, and the third knob can be tightened / loosened by twisting the third knob, so that disassembly and assembly adjustment can be achieved, which is convenient for operation and simplifies the bracket structure.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, the third joint assembly adopts a universal spherical joint (the existing technical solution can be adopted), and the first joint assembly and the second joint assembly adopt the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention. In this way, the first joint assembly and the second joint assembly mainly play a load-bearing role and preliminary angle adjustment, while the third joint assembly using a universal spherical joint can facilitate the precise adjustment of the angle of the target instrument at the end.

[0087] Here, the first clamping head, the second clamping head and the third clamping head respectively include an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate and a connecting plate connecting one end of the upper and lower clamping plates, and the connecting plate is arc-shaped; after the connecting plate connects the upper and lower clamping plates, through holes for the cross bar A602, the cross bar B603 and the assembly rod 416 are formed, and the other ends of the upper and lower clamping plates are relatively arranged to form an open structure; after the cross bar A602, the cross bar B603 and the assembly rod 416 are respectively inserted into the through holes of the clamping heads, they are locked by the locking piece / first knob / second knob to complete the assembly.

[0088] Cross bar A602, cross bar B603 and assembly rod 416 are assembled to be assembled with the through-hole gaps respectively, and can be moved back and forth and can be rotated; or cross bar A602 is assembled to be in interference connection with the through-hole, cross bar B603 and assembly rod 416 are assembled to be assembled with the through-hole gaps respectively, and cross bar B603 and assembly rod 416 can be moved back and forth and can be rotated; or cross bar A602 and assembly rod 416 are assembled to be in interference connection with the through-hole respectively, cross bar B603 is assembled to be assembled with the through-hole gaps, and cross bar B603 can be moved back and forth and can be rotated.

[0089] Of course, it can be understood that the first clamping head, the second clamping head and the third clamping head are configured as blocks with through holes.

[0090] Fig.17 It is a second structural schematic diagram of the bracket recorded in the present invention. In order to facilitate the application of external force, the bracket disclosed in the present invention also includes a force-applying member 7 for assembly on the first knob 606 and the third knob 613 for external force application. The force-applying member 7 is installed on the first knob 606 and the third knob 613 to form a lever structure. When a small force is applied to the force-applying member 7 by utilizing the lever principle, the first knob 606 and the third knob 613 can be tightened or loosened, thereby reducing the disassembly and assembly strength.

[0091] In the present disclosure, the force applying member 7 may be a wrench, a rod, a handle, etc.

[0092] In the present disclosure, toothed structures are arranged on the contact surfaces between the first clamping head and the second clamping head, and on the contact surfaces between the second clamping head and the first clamping head, respectively, to form a toothed anti-loosening structure to ensure the stability of the bracket after assembly and improve the bearing tension.

[0093] refer to Fig.18 and Fig. 20 The contact surfaces of the first assembly head 609 and the second assembly head 610 are respectively provided with tooth-shaped structures. Specifically, the first assembly head 609 includes a first tooth surface 653 and the second assembly head 610 includes a second tooth surface 654. Similarly, the contact surfaces of the second assembly head 610 and the first assembly head 609 are respectively provided with tooth-shaped structures. The contact surfaces of the third assembly head 611 and the third clamping head 612 and the contact surfaces of the third clamping head 612 and the third assembly head 611 are respectively provided with tooth-shaped structures. The tooth-shaped structures enable the first, second and third joint components to mesh without slipping, and better play a supporting role. They can support the situation where the pulling force is large when multiple pulling hooks are needed to pull muscles or skin to establish channels and surgical cavities in head and neck surgery, etc., and the current ball joint cannot meet such usage requirements.

[0094] In the present invention, the first clamping head, the second clamping head, the third clamping head, the first assembly head, the second assembly head, and / or the third assembly head are distributed with indication scales for rotation indication, thereby realizing angle adjustment indication. The indication scale can be a full 360-degree indication scale or a simplified indication scale: for example, only 4 or 6 angles are marked.

[0095] Here, the use of the retractor 1, retractor seat 2, suction tube 3, suspension ring 4 and bracket 6 is described. When in use, the suction tube 3 is assembled to the side edge of the retractor plate 2 through the second card slot 109 or directly attached to the side edge of the retractor plate 2. One end of the suction tube 3 is equipped with a negative pressure pipe connector 5 for connecting to a negative pressure suction device, and the other end is used as a suction port; the endoscope is installed through the sheath 105; the retractor 1 is assembled on the suspension ring 4 through the retractor seat 2, and the suspension ring is assembled on the bracket 6. During use, the smoke generated by cutting tissues with instruments such as electric knives and ultrasonic knives can be sucked out through the negative pressure suction device to avoid the influence of smoke on the surgical field and reduce the harm caused by smoke; the endoscope is installed through the mounting fulcrum provided by the sheath assembly, without the operator holding it, which reduces the operator's muscle fatigue.

[0096] When the hook 2 needs to be placed at different angles and positions, this can be achieved by adjusting the extension and rotation of the bracket cross bar A, the cross bar B, and the assembly rod 416.

[0097] The retractor can also be used by installing a suction tube or an endoscope only through the scope sheath 105 .

[0098] In the present invention, the suction tube and / or the mirror sheath are configured as disposable plastic parts, which are low-cost and simple in structure, and solve the inconvenience of cleaning caused by reuse and the risk of unclean handling.

[0099] The retractor and retractor assembly disclosed in the present invention can be used in any surgical operation requiring the use of a retractor, such as in minimally invasive surgery.

[0100] The retractor can clamp a disposable tube to absorb the smoke generated by the electric knife cutting tissue to avoid affecting the surgical field of view; it is equipped with a sheath assembly, which can be inserted with auxiliary devices including an endoscope and a suction tube, providing a fulcrum to reduce the operator's muscle fatigue, and can be raised and lowered to adjust the position. The retractor rod has a slot for adjusting the height and can rotate at a large angle.

[0101] It is understandable that although the present invention discloses that the bracket is used for external fixation of a hanging ring, and a hook is installed on the hanging ring through a hook seat, it should be understood that this is only one way of applying the bracket, and the bracket disclosed in the present invention is not limited to being used for external fixation of a hanging ring. The bracket disclosed in the present invention can be used for fixation of any matching instrument, and can be used as a medical external fixation bracket.

[0102] The bracket joint disclosed in the present invention has a toothed anti-loosening mechanism to ensure the stability of the bracket after assembly; there are three joints in total, and any of the middle joints can realize the bracket to be rotatable and retractable, so that the bracket has 5 degrees of freedom (front and back, left and right, and 360° flipping), and the clamping head can be positioned at any position in space.

[0103] The bracket disclosed in the present invention has a multi-degree-of-freedom joint combination, which can realize positioning at any position in space, and is provided with a toothed anti-loosening mechanism, which has a strong bearing force; the suspension ring can be folded and opened to realize multi-position changes, and the hook can also realize angle and height adjustment, and the hook can be quickly disassembled.

[0104] The surgical retractor system configuration disclosed in the present invention includes 4 independent joints. Since each joint is independently adjusted, they need to be adjusted in coordination with each other to allow the retractor to reach the appropriate position. In the absence of a reference, it may be necessary to repeatedly adjust several joints for positioning, but this requires a lot of adjustment time. An angle scale is set at each joint, and the approximate adjustment angle can be determined and recorded in each surgical mode. When in use, the adjustment angle can be directly referred to, the joint is locked, and then one of the joints can be slightly adjusted to reach the desired position, thereby achieving rapid adjustment and positioning.

[0105] When the surgical retractor system of the present invention is used to position head, neck and maxillofacial surgery or thyroid tumor resection, it includes initial positioning and precise positioning. The initial positioning is performed by adjusting the cross bar A602 and the cross bar B603 so that the center position of the suspension ring 4 is basically at the first target position; the first target position is defined as the approximate position vertically above the specific surgical approach position confirmed by the doctor.

[0106] Precise positioning is achieved by adjusting the first body or the second body to change the relative position relationship between the two. According to actual conditions, the cross bar A602 and the cross bar B603 can be fine-tuned to adjust the center position of the suspension ring 4. At the same time, the first body and the second body are connected together by the first link and the second link, and a certain angle is formed between the two; the midpoint of the intersection of the connecting line formed by the first link and the second link and the connecting line formed between the first body and the second body is vertically below the positioning point of the patient's head and neck where surgery is required, thereby achieving precise positioning.

[0107] This disclosure combines Fig.26 Two scenarios requiring positioning are shown respectively.

[0108] refer to Fig.26 The first scenario is the hairline approach behind the ear, which is suitable for the lateral area of ​​the face on the same side (parotid masseter area, cheek) and the area above the hyoid bone level of the neck on the same side (including: area IA, area IB, area IIA, area IIB); tumors in the above-mentioned areas, including neoplastic diseases, developmental diseases, inflammatory diseases, those that require surgical resection, such as but not limited to: parotid tumors, submandibular gland tumors, branchial cleft cysts, lymph nodes, schwannomas, etc.

[0109] refer to Fig.10 as well as Fig. 22 , 23 , showing the initial positioning process of the positioning method of the retractor system disclosed in the present invention, Fig. 22 The figure shows the hairline approach behind the ear. When the left side of the patient's neck needs surgery, it is fixed and positioned. The vertical pole is erected on the right side of the patient's head, and the patient's head is roughly facing the vertical pole 601. The lengths of the cross bars A602 and B603 are 300 mm to 400 mm, and the height of the vertical pole 601 is 550 mm to 650 mm. The angles of the support cross bars A602 and the vertical pole 601 are adjusted to 250° to 300°. External force is applied to the force-applying member 7 to achieve angle adjustment of the cross bars A602 and B603, as well as the cross bars B603 and the assembly rod 416. The angle between the cross bars B603 and the assembly rod 416 is 70° to 100°, and an angle of 100° to 125° is formed between the first body 401 and the second body 402 of the suspension ring.

[0110] refer to Fig.10 as well as Fig.23The hairline approach behind the ear is shown. When the right side of the patient's neck needs surgery, it is fixed and positioned. The vertical pole is erected on the left side of the patient's head, and the patient's head is roughly facing the vertical pole. The length of the cross bar A602 and the cross bar B603 is 300 mm to 400 mm, and the height of the vertical pole 601 is 550 mm to 650 mm. The angle between the bracket cross bar A602 and the vertical pole 601 is 220° to 300°. External force is applied to the force-applying member 7 to achieve angle adjustment of the cross bar A602 and the cross bar B603, as well as the cross bar B603 and the assembly rod 416. The angle between the cross bar B603 and the assembly rod 416 is 70° to 100°, and an angle of 60° to 90° is formed between the first body 401 and the second body 402 of the suspension ring.

[0111] The initial positioning makes the center position of the suspension ring basically at the first target position; the first target position is defined as the approximate position above the specific surgical approach position confirmed by the doctor.

[0112] When the above scenario is used to precisely locate the part of the hairline approach behind the ear, the first body 401 and the second body 402 are adjusted to be linked together through the first link and the second link, and a certain angle is formed between the two. The vertically lower part of the intersection point c of the connecting line a formed between the first link and the second link and the connecting line b formed between the first body 401 and the second body 402 is the positioning point of the hairline approach behind the ear where the patient's head and neck need surgery, so as to achieve precise positioning, such as Fig. 22 , 23 The connecting line a and the connecting line b are virtual connecting lines, which can be simulated by cross-measurement using a ruler or laser distance measurement, and finally a virtual point of the intersection point c is obtained in space, and the vertically lower part of the intersection point c is the incision position of the hairline approach behind the ear.

[0113] In this scenario, by adjusting the positions of the suspension ring and the retractor 1, the retractor 1 can be located at the head and neck, and retractor plates of different structures are configured according to the usage conditions, so that the patient's head and neck can be positioned while the retractor 1 can pull the target position open. The specific method of the hairline approach behind the ear can be described as follows:

[0114] Step 1: Cut the skin at the pre-determined incision position under direct vision, first pull the skin edge with a sharp double hook, and turn the skin flap toward the surgical area. When the double hook pull is not enough to form deep tension, replace it with the shortest "L"-shaped retractor 1, and retractor 1 is facing the tumor to guide the direction of cavity construction. Cavity construction layer: superficial fascia layer of the head and neck, subcutaneous where there is no platysma muscle coverage, and deep surface of the platysma muscle where there is platysma muscle coverage. During the cavity construction process, gradually replace the longer "L"-shaped retractor 1 according to the effect of pulling, until the cavity construction completely reaches the front edge of the tumor to be removed. For the face and parotid-masseter area, use an L-shaped retractor with a depth of 80 mm horizontal plate and 106 cm, for tumors in area IA, use an L-shaped retractor with a depth of 140 mm horizontal plate and 106 cm, for tumors in area IB, use an L-shaped retractor with a depth of 110 mm horizontal plate and 106 cm, for area IIA, use an L-shaped retractor with a depth of 65 mm horizontal plate and 106 cm, and for area IIB, use an L-shaped retractor with a depth of 50 mm horizontal plate and 106 cm.

[0115] In this process, the horizontal plate 106 of the retractor 1 can play a guiding role in cavity building. At the same time, the horizontal plate 106 has a large load-bearing area, which can well disperse the tension of the head and neck skin and avoid damage to the cavity skin. At the same time, the suction tube 3 parallel to the horizontal plate 106 can synchronously attract smoke during the cavity building process without the need for additional personnel assistance. Those skilled in the art should understand that when the present invention is directed to small incision transfer surgery of the head and neck, the incision position is relatively small, generally only 50 mm to 80 mm opening, and energy instruments such as electric knives, ultrasonic knives and grasping forceps are generally used in the cavity building process and subsequent tumor removal process. The space is very narrow and the instruments are prone to "fighting". During this operation, the electric knife or ultrasonic knife and grasping forceps are usually on both sides of the incision, and the retractor 1 is operated in the middle of the incision. Under the guidance of the horizontal plate 106, the suction tube 3 and the mirror sheath assembly of the retractor 1 of the present invention move forward together with the horizontal plate 106 of the retractor 1 along with the cavity building process, and there will be no situation where the suction tube 3 and other surgical instruments fight. In addition, the sheath assembly can support and guide the endoscope, and the endoscope lens and the horizontal plate 106 of the retractor 1 also move forward together with the cavity building process. As the cavity building process continues to deepen, the cavity building length will gradually increase, while the opening size of the small incision on the head and neck has not changed. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the position, height and angle of the endoscope lens to adapt to the need for changes in the cavity building length. People in this field should understand that the operator can achieve the change in the sheath height by adjusting the height of the sheath rod in the sheath assembly, and the sheath angle can be rotated to meet the needs of changing the angle and height of the endoscope during the cavity building process. At the same time, since the sheath assembly provides a fulcrum support and adjusts the position, the nurse holding the mirror can more accurately grasp the endoscope during the cavity building process. The endoscope is more stable and reduces shaking. The endoscope also reduces the "fighting" with the electric knife or ultrasonic knife and forceps during the advancement of the horizontal plate 106.

[0116] At the same time, the hook plate in the hook 1 structure is made of anti-reflective material, such as frosted rigid material or frosted rubber material or frosted glass; specifically, the endoscope lens and the horizontal plate 106 of the hook 1 also move forward together with the cavity building process, and the hook plate is made of anti-reflective material to avoid reflection from the endoscope lens.

[0117] Step 2: Process the superficial tissue of the tumor to expose the tumor.

[0118] Step 3: Treatment and exposure of the posterior edge of the tumor. For tumors located in the IIA, IIB, IB, and parotid areas, double hooks are needed to pull the sternocleidomastoid muscle backward and downward. At this time, the pulling force is relatively large to fully expose the surgical area. The double hooks are fixed on the contralateral semicircle. The following steps are completed under the synergistic effect of the "L"-shaped retractor and the double hooks:

[0119] Step 31: Treatment and exposure of the lower edge of the tumor.

[0120] Step 32: Treatment and exposure of the upper edge of the tumor.

[0121] Step 33: Treatment and exposure of the deep surface of the tumor.

[0122] Step 34: Treatment and separation of the leading edge of the tumor.

[0123] refer to Fig.26 The second scenario is the neck root approach, which is suitable for: the area below the hyoid bone level of the ipsilateral neck (including: area III, area IV, area VA, area VB, area VI); tumors in the above areas, including tumor diseases, developmental diseases, inflammatory diseases, and those who need surgical resection. For example, but not limited to: thyroid tumors, lymph nodes, schwannomas, fibromas, branchial cleft cysts, etc.

[0124] refer to Fig.10 as well as Fig.24 , 25 , showing the initial positioning process of the positioning method of the retractor system disclosed in the present invention, Fig.24 It shows that for the cervical root approach, the left side of the patient's neck needs to be fixed and positioned when surgery is required. The vertical rod 601 stands on the right side of the patient's head and is fixed to the side of the operating table 8 by the fixator 9. The patient's head is roughly facing the vertical rod 601. The lengths of the cross bars A602 and B603 are 300 mm to 400 mm, and the height of the vertical rod 601 is 550 mm to 650 mm. The angle between the bracket cross bar A602 and the vertical rod 601 is 260° to 310°. External force is applied to the force-applying member 7 to achieve angle adjustment of the cross bars A602 and B603, as well as the cross bars B603 and the assembly rod 416. The angle between the cross bars B603 and the assembly rod 416 is 80° to 120°, and an angle of 270° to 310° is formed between the first body 401 and the second body 402 of the suspension ring.

[0125] refer to Fig.10 as well as Fig.25 It shows that for the cervical root approach, the right side of the patient's neck is fixed and positioned when surgery is required. The vertical pole is erected on the side of the operating table 8 on the left side of the patient's head, and the patient's head is roughly facing the vertical pole 601. The lengths of the cross bars A602 and B603 are 300 mm to 400 mm, and the height of the vertical pole 601 is 550 mm to 650 mm. The angle between the bracket cross bar A602 and the vertical pole 601 is 220° to 300°. External force is applied to the force-applying member 7 to make the force-applying member 7 downward. The angle between the cross bar B603 and the assembly rod 416 is 60° to 90°, and an angle of 60° to 90° is formed between the first body 401 and the second body 402 of the suspension ring.

[0126] The initial positioning makes the virtual center position of the suspension ring basically at the first target position; the first target position is defined as the approximate position above the specific surgical approach position confirmed by the doctor.

[0127] Technical solution for the approach through the root of the neck. When the root of the neck is precisely positioned in the above scenario, one end of the first body is separated from the second body, and a certain angle is formed between the first body and the second body; the vertical bottom of the midpoint g (not shown) in the space of the connecting line f formed between the two points on the first body and the second body that are farthest apart is the positioning point of the patient's head and neck where surgery is required, such as Fig.25 The connecting line f can be simulated by cross-measurement using a ruler or laser distance measurement, and finally a virtual point of the midpoint g is obtained in space.

[0128] Or when positioning the neck root in the above scenario, the first body is in a vertical state, and the position of the patient's head and neck where surgery is required is below its highest point, such as Fig.24 shown.

[0129] In this scenario, the technical solution of the cervical root approach described in the present disclosure is also used for positioning, so that the patient's head and neck are positioned while the retractor can pull the target position apart. Specifically, it can be described as the following steps:

[0130] Step 1: Cut the skin under direct vision, pull the skin edge with a sharp double hook, and turn the skin flap toward the surgical area. When the double hook pull is insufficient to form deep tension, replace it with the shortest "L"-shaped retractor 1, and point the retractor toward the tumor to guide the direction of cavity construction. Cavity construction layer: superficial fascia layer of the head and neck, subcutaneous where there is no platysma muscle coverage, and deep to the platysma muscle where there is platysma muscle coverage. During the cavity construction process, gradually replace the longer "L"-shaped retractor according to the pulling effect until the cavity construction completely reaches the front edge of the tumor to be removed. L-shaped retractors with a depth of 140 mm are used in areas III and VI, 110 mm in depth in area IV, 80 mm in depth in area VA, and 65 mm in depth in area VB.

[0131] Step 2: Dissection and traction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle: dissect the muscle from the posterior edge of the sternocleidomastoid muscle along its deep surface to the anterior edge. Remove the L-shaped retractor and place it on the deep surface of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and re-tug to expose the cervical sheath tissue on the deep surface of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

[0132] Step 3: Treatment and exposure of the posterior edge of the surgery. When the surgery involves the VB area, it is necessary to use double hooks to pull the trapezius muscle backward and downward to fully expose the surgical area. The double hooks are fixed on the contralateral semicircle. The following steps are completed under the synergistic effect of the "L"-shaped retractor and the double hooks:

[0133] Step 31: Treatment and exposure of the lower edge of the tumor.

[0134] Step 32: Treatment and exposure of the upper edge of the tumor.

[0135] Step 33: Treatment and exposure of the deep surface of the tumor.

[0136] Step 34: Treatment and separation of the leading edge of the tumor.

[0137] When the apparatus disclosed herein is used for positioning, the apparatus is fixed at the level of the top of the opposite head, and the angles of the bracket, the suspension ring and the retractor seat can be adjusted to achieve positioning at different angles of the head and neck, thereby meeting various surgical requirements.

[0138] The disclosed retractor system is equipped with a retractor seat, a suspension ring and a bracket, which realizes the positioning and assembly of the retractor; the suspension ring can be folded and opened, and combined with the cross bar, it is assembled through the first joint component, and the positioning position of the retractor can be adjusted according to the needs, realizing multi-position changes, meeting the positioning of different angles, and the positioning method is simple and accurate; and there is no need for auxiliary personnel to support the retractor to ensure the stability of the retractor. The configuration of the sheath component realizes the adjustment of the angle and height of the installation point, reducing the shaking and fatigue of the endoscope lens that may occur when medical staff hold the mirror; a toothed structure is set at the bracket joint to form an anti-loosening structure, which increases the load-bearing tension and is suitable for pulling the muscles and tissues of the head and neck.

[0139] The outer wall of the hook rod 1 disclosed in the present invention is configured as a ring tooth structure, which realizes the quick disassembly of the hook. The ring teeth of the hook rod are right-angled triangle cross-section or other shape ring teeth, the hook rod is inserted into the hook seat hole, and the hook rod pressure block clamps the right angle side of the triangle cross-section of the ring teeth to fix the hook rod and prevent it from falling off. The hook rod pressure block is provided with a reset spring, and the ring teeth are right-angled triangle cross-sections and can slide freely in the reverse direction. The hook rod pressure block is clamped into the ring tooth structure under the action of the spring, and the hook rod pressure block is pressed to release the ring tooth structure, so that the hook can be quickly disassembled.

[0140] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Any modification or equivalent substitution made to the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical retractor positioning system, characterized in that: The positioning system uses a retractor system to position the patient's head and neck. The retractor system includes: a suspension ring, including a first body, a second body, a first link and a second link. The first body and the second body are connected by the first link and the second link to form a complete body. When the first body and the second body are connected by the first link and the second link, the first body or the second body can be flipped with the first link and the second link as the axis point, and the first body or the second body is fixed by the first link or the second link after flipping a certain angle. The first link also includes an assembly rod; and a bracket for assembling the suspension ring, including a vertical rod and a horizontal rod. A and a cross bar B, the cross bar A is assembled between the vertical bar and the cross bar B, and the cross bar A and the cross bar B are assembled together through a first joint assembly that can make the cross bar A and the cross bar B movable; the suspended end of the cross bar B is used for assembling the assembly rod of the suspension ring; the positioning system includes initial positioning and fine positioning, the initial positioning is achieved by adjusting the cross bar A and the cross bar B to make the suspension ring in a first target position; the fine positioning is achieved by adjusting the relative position relationship between the first body or the second body and the assembly rod, so that the surgical approach incision position is vertically below the positioning point; the first joint assembly includes a first clamping head, a second clamping head and a locking piece, and the first clamping head and the second clamping head are assembled together via the locking piece.

2. The positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first clamping head is used for gap assembly with the cross bar A, and the second clamping head is used for gap assembly with the cross bar B; toothed structures are distributed on the contact surface between the first clamping head and the second clamping head and the contact surface between the second clamping head and the first clamping head, and indication scales for rotation indication are distributed on the first clamping head and / or the second clamping head; the first clamping head or the second clamping head is rotated to adjust the relative angle between the cross bar A and the cross bar B so that the suspension ring is positioned in different plane positions.

3. The positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross bar A and the vertical pole are assembled together through a second joint component, and the second joint component includes a second rotating knob, a rotating shaft, a first assembly head and a second assembly head; the second assembly head is assembled on the cross bar A and the rotating shaft is assembled on the second assembly head, the first assembly head is assembled on the vertical pole and is provided with a through hole for assembling the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft passes through the through hole for assembly and cooperates with the second knob to realize the assembly of the cross bar A and the vertical pole, and the rotating shaft and the first assembly head are assembled in a gap; tooth structures are distributed on the contact surface between the first assembly head and the second assembly head and on the contact surface between the second assembly head and the first assembly head; indicator scales for rotation indication are distributed on the first assembly head and / or the second assembly head, and the first assembly head or the second assembly head is rotated to adjust the relative angle between the cross bar A and the vertical pole so that the suspension ring is positioned in different plane positions.

4. The positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspended end of the cross bar B is equipped with a third joint assembly for assembling and locking the suspension ring, and the third joint assembly includes a third assembly head, a third clamping head and a third knob. The third assembly head is assembled on the cross bar B and is equipped with a mounting shaft. The third clamping head is sleeved on the mounting shaft and is locked or unlocked under the action of the third knob; the third clamping head is used as an assembly component for assembling the suspension ring; tooth structures are distributed on the contact surface between the third assembly head and the third clamping head and on the contact surface between the third clamping head and the third assembly head; indicator scales for rotation indication are distributed on the third assembly head and / or the third clamping head, and the third assembly head or the third clamping head is rotated to adjust the relative angle between the cross bar A and the cross bar B so that the suspension ring is positioned in different plane positions.

5. The positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a hook, which includes a hook rod, a hook plate assembled with the hook rod, a sheath assembly for providing an installation fulcrum, and a second slot assembled on the hook plate side for assembling a suction tube, the sheath assembly includes a sheath rod assembled on the hook plate and a sheath for providing an installation fulcrum assembled on the sheath rod; a hook seat, used for assembling the hook, includes a main body, a base assembled with the main body, a locking device assembled on the main body for locking the hook, and an angle adjusting device for adjusting the angle of the hook, the main body is provided with a through hole for assembling the hook rod, the hook rod is assembled through the through hole and then locked by the locking device.

6. The positioning method of the retractor positioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: When the positioning method is used to position the part behind the ear, the first body and the second body are linked together by the first link and the second link, and a certain angle is formed between the two; the area below the intersection of the connecting line formed between the first link and the second link and the connecting line formed between the first body and the second body is the positioning point of the patient's head and neck where surgery is required.

7. The positioning method according to claim 6, characterized in that: For the hairline approach behind the ear, the left side of the patient's neck needs fixed positioning when surgery is required. The length of the crossbar A and the crossbar B is 300-400 mm, the height of the vertical bar is 550-650 mm, the angle between the crossbar A and the vertical bar is 250°-300°, the angle between the crossbar A and the crossbar B is 70°-100°, and the angle between the first body and the second body is 100°-125°.

8. The positioning method of the retractor positioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: When positioning the base of the neck using this positioning method, one end of the first body is separated from the second body, and a certain angle is formed between the first body and the second body; the positioning point of the patient's head and neck where surgery is required is below the intersection of a line extending from the point where the first body and the second body are connected as the vertex and a connecting line formed between the two points on the first body and the second body that are farthest apart.

9. The positioning method according to claim 8, characterized in that: For the cervical root approach, the left side of the patient's neck needs to be fixed and positioned when surgery is required. The length of the crossbar A and the crossbar B is 300-400 mm, the height of the vertical bar is 550-650 mm, the angle between the crossbar A and the vertical bar is 260°-310°, the angle between the crossbar A and the crossbar B is 80-120°, and the angle between the first body and the second body is 270-310°.

10. The positioning method according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the positioning method is used to position the neck root, the first body is in a vertical state, and below the highest point is the positioning point of the patient's head and neck where surgery is required.

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