Tailless rivet, installation tool and riveting method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tailless rivet, an installation tool and a riveting method. The rivet is composed of a head, a polished rod and an annular groove arranged in sequence on a cylindrical rod, and the collar is composed of a flange and a deformation zone arranged on a cylindrical structure; the riveting tool is composed of a hydraulic riveting gun body and a positioning mechanism fixed to the front end of the gun body, and the positioning mechanism includes a C-shaped positioning member, a stop bolt and a rivet positioning groove; the riveting method is to position and fix the rivet through the positioning mechanism, and then extrude the rivet through the anvil of the hydraulic riveting gun body. The rivet of the present invention removes the breaking structure and short tail structure of the conventional annular groove rivet, reduces the raw materials used for the rivet, and reduces the forming process; and by improving the tool to achieve two-side extrusion, the use cost of the riveting tool is reduced, the service life of the riveting tool is increased, the product riveting qualification rate is further increased, and the convenience of on-site operation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of riveting technology, in particular to the field of design, manufacture and application of a tailless rivet riveting fastener for connection, a special installation tool and a riveting method, and belongs to the riveting category (B21J) and fastener category (F16B) of metal machining. Background Art

[0002] There are many types of ring groove rivets, which are widely used in rail transportation, aerospace, new energy, automobiles, steel structures and other fields. At present, ring groove rivets are mainly divided into two structures: pull-off type and short tail type. The installation principle of these two structures of ring groove rivets is to use the tail of the rivet as the force point. Among them, the pull-off part of the pull-off type rivet and the short tail part of the short tail rivet are used as the force point, and the construction is completed under the installation of special hydraulic riveting tools.

[0003] The above two types of ring groove rivets have the following defects:

[0004] After installation, break-off rivets expose the collar end face, and the metal fracture can easily scratch the operator. Break-off and short-tail rivets expose the collar end face after installation, interfering with tooling in confined spaces and limiting the application range of ring-grooved rivets. The exposed collar end face length of both break-off and short-tail rivets is affected by the joint thickness, resulting in inconsistent exposed lengths. This leads to uneven finished shapes and an uneven appearance of joints after mass riveting. Both break-off and short-tail rivets utilize the break-off portion (for break-off rivets) and the short-tail portion (for short-tail rivets) as the force application point. After installation, this structure does not actively contribute to the tightening force. Eliminating the tail-end force during installation can significantly shorten rivet length, reduce raw material usage per rivet, and reduce forming steps during mass production. This significantly reduces production costs, improves the cost-effectiveness of rivets, and enhances their application potential.

[0005] Existing riveting tools are all single-sided, making them unsuitable for applications requiring double-sided riveting. The riveting tool head assembly consists of an anvil and jaws / flaps. These jaws / flaps are consumable parts with a short lifespan and high operating costs.

[0006] During the batch riveting process, existing rivets may cause the breaking part of the break-off rivet and the short tail part of the short tail rivet to pull out, resulting in riveting failure and affecting production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention discloses a tailless rivet, installation tool, and riveting method. The present invention aims to provide a tailless rivet that eliminates the breakaway structure and short tail structure of conventional ring-grooved rivets, thereby reducing the use of raw materials and the number of forming steps. Furthermore, by improving the tool to achieve double-sided extrusion, the cost of the riveting tool is reduced, the tool life is increased, the product riveting qualification rate is further improved, and the on-site operation convenience is enhanced.

[0008] The invention first discloses a structure of a tailless rivet.

[0009] A tailless rivet comprises a rivet and a collar, wherein the rivet is composed of a head, a polished rod and a ring groove sequentially arranged on a cylindrical rod, and the collar is composed of a flange and a deformation zone arranged on a cylindrical structure.

[0010] The length of the collar is greater than or equal to the length of the rivet ring groove.

[0011] The head has a semi-spherical, trapezoidal frustum, or variable-section frustum structure.

[0012] The outer shape of the collar can also be a straight cylindrical structure or a variable diameter cylindrical structure.

[0013] The tailless rivet of the present invention adopts a special riveting tool, which is composed of a hydraulic riveting gun body and a positioning mechanism fixed to the front end of the gun body. The positioning mechanism includes a C-shaped positioning piece, a stop bolt and a rivet positioning groove;

[0014] The C-shaped positioning member is a load-bearing structural member with a C-shaped arc arm, one end of which is fixed to the gun body and the other end is located at the front end of the gun head axis of the gun body;

[0015] The stop bolt is a telescopically adjustable screw, which is threadedly arranged on the C-shaped arc arm and parallel to the axis of the gun body and gun head;

[0016] The rivet positioning groove is a groove that matches the shape of the protruding head and is arranged on the C-shaped arc arm at a position intersecting with the axis of the gun body and gun head.

[0017] Furthermore, the hydraulic riveting gun body includes an anvil, an O-ring, a cylinder body, a rear cover, a piston, a connecting seat, an oil pipe, a handle and a switch button that constitute the hydraulic riveting gun.

[0018] The C-shaped arc arm of the present invention is integrally cast with the gun body, or fixedly connected to the gun body by welding, structural connection, or fastening connection to form an integral structure.

[0019] The riveting method of the special riveting tool of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Insert the rivet into the connected parts. After the connected parts are fully inserted, insert the ring into the rivet ring groove structure;

[0021] Step 2: Match the rivet positioning groove structure of the special riveting tool with the rivet head, then tighten the retaining bolt to fix the riveting tool, rivet and connected parts into a whole and prepare for riveting;

[0022] Step 3: Turn on the riveting tool switch button, the anvil of the riveting tool gun assembly extends forward, and the ring is squeezed to start riveting;

[0023] Step 4: The riveting tool oil pressure reaches the set value or the anvil of the gun head assembly is squeezed to the specified position and the anvil no longer moves forward, and the riveting is completed;

[0024] Step 5: Under the reaction force of the stop bolt, the anvil returns to its initial position under the action of the de-rivet oil pressure, and the de-rivet is completed;

[0025] Step 6: Loosen the retaining bolt and remove the riveting tool from the connected parts. The riveting operation is completed.

[0026] The benefits of the present invention:

[0027] ①. The rivet structure protected by the present invention does not have the breaking part of the conventional breaking type rivet and the force point structure of the short tail part of the short tail rivet. It is different from the principle of conventional single-side tail force riveting. A method of extrusion installation and molding at both ends is proposed, which enriches the installation methods of rivets.

[0028] ②. The rivet structure protected by the present invention has no tail force structure, which can effectively reduce the use of raw materials for a single rivet, reduce the molding process during mass production, significantly reduce the production cost of rivets, improve the cost-effectiveness of rivets, and has greater promotion and application value.

[0029] ③. After the rivet protected by the present invention is installed, there is no exposed part of the rivet, which will not scratch the operator and is safer during operation.

[0030] ④ After the rivets protected by the present invention are installed, the length of the exposed part of the rivets is uniform, the formed appearance is neat and consistent, and the appearance of the connection nodes is neat and regular.

[0031] ⑤. The rivet protected by the present invention has no exposed part after installation, has low requirements on the operating space of the tool, and has even lower requirements on the external dimensions of the installation tool. It can be used in some narrow installation spaces, thus expanding the application range of the ring groove rivet.

[0032] ⑥ During batch riveting, the breakaway portion of breakaway rivets and the short tail portion of short-tail rivets are prone to pulling, leading to riveting failure and affecting production efficiency. The riveted structure protected by the present invention is installed by extrusion from both sides, which prevents riveting failure, effectively improving the riveting qualification rate and reducing the operator's skill requirements.

[0033] ⑦. Currently, the rivet tool head assembly consists of an anvil and jaws / flaps. These are consumable parts during use, resulting in a short service life and high operating costs. The rivet protected by the present invention eliminates the need for jaws / flaps during installation, significantly increasing the number of uses of the rivet tool and reducing production costs.

[0034] ⑧. The retaining bolt of the riveting tool protected by the present invention can effectively fix the rivet, the connected part and the installation tool into a whole, thereby improving the riveting reliability and avoiding riveting failure.

[0035] ⑨. The riveting tool protected by the present invention has a C-shaped arc arm structure, which can effectively ensure the accurate positioning of the rivet during installation, and for the first time realizes the extrusion installation on both sides of the rivet, meeting the installation possibilities of some special structures.

[0036] ⑩. The riveting method protected by the present invention realizes the extrusion installation on both sides of the rivet for the first time under the special structure of the riveting tool protected by the present invention, improves the forming method of the rivet, and can be applied to various fields of mechanical connection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a rivet of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the collar of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection and fastening structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the special riveting tool of the present invention;

[0041] Figures 5 to 8 It is a schematic diagram of the riveting process of the present invention.

[0042] In the figure, 1.1 is the protrusion, 1.2 is the polished rod, 1.3 is the ring groove, 2.1 is the flange, 2.2 is the deformation zone, 3.1 is the anvil, 3.2 is the O-ring, 3.3 is the cylinder body, 3.4 is the back cover, 3.5 is the piston, 3.6 is the connecting seat, 3.7 is the oil pipe, 3.8 is the handle, 3.9 is the switch button, 3.10 is the C-type positioning part, 3.11 is the retaining bolt, and 3.12 is the rivet positioning groove; L1 is the ring groove length, and L2 is the collar length. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The specific embodiments are further explanations of the principles of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any way. Technologies that are the same or similar to the present invention do not exceed the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Combined with the attached drawings.

[0045] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the tailless rivet in this example includes a rivet and a collar component.

[0046] The rivet is composed of a head 1.1, a polished rod 1.2, and a ring groove 1.3 sequentially arranged on a cylindrical rod; wherein the head 1.1 can adopt different structural forms according to different working conditions, such as semi-spherical, trapezoidal frustum, variable cross-section frustum, etc.

[0047] The collar includes a flange 2.1 and a deformation zone 2.2. The entire collar can be designed into different structural forms according to different operating conditions while having the deformation zone 2.2, such as the flange structure in this example, a straight cylindrical structure, a variable diameter cylindrical structure, etc.

[0048] The tailless rivet of the present invention is designed or selected to determine its length according to the total thickness of the riveted connecting piece. After the rivet is riveted to the collar, the rivet end is not exposed on the outer end surface of the collar, thereby avoiding damage to the operator.

[0049] The rivet and the collar of the present invention must satisfy that the collar length L2 is greater than or equal to the rivet ring groove length L1.

[0050] The rivet and the collar of the present invention can be made of various materials such as carbon steel, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the special riveting installation tool of the present invention is composed of an anvil 3.1, an O-ring 3.2, a cylinder body 3.3, a rear cover 3.4, a piston 3.5, a connecting seat 3.6, an oil pipe 3.7, a handle 3.8, a switch button 3.9, a C-shaped positioning piece 3.10, a retaining bolt 3.11, and a rivet positioning groove 3.12.

[0052] Working Principle: The riveting tool includes a C-shaped locating member 3.10, a retaining bolt 3.11, and a rivet positioning slot 3.12. During installation, align the rivet head 1.1 with the rivet positioning slot 3.12 of the special tool. Then, tighten the retaining bolt 3.11 to secure the riveting tool, rivet, and connected parts, completing the riveting process. Then, activate the switch button 3.9, and the anvil 3.1 moves forward. The C-shaped locating member 3.10 presses against the rivet head, causing the collar to deform and initiate riveting.

[0053] After the riveting is completed, under the restraining action of the stop bolt 3.11, the anvil 3.1 retracts and is removed from the collar, completing the riveting.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, the special riveting tool of the present invention is provided with a C-shaped positioning member 3.10, a retaining bolt 3.11, and a rivet positioning groove 3.12 structure. These three structures can achieve riveting without applying force to the rivet tail during riveting. The rivet positioning groove 3.12 is a structure corresponding to the supporting rivet head 1.1, which facilitates rivet positioning during installation. The retaining bolt 3.11 is a structure that fixes the installation tool and the connected parts, ensuring stability during riveting and providing a reaction force for the anvil 3.1 to withdraw from the collar after riveting is completed, ensuring that the anvil 3.1 is smoothly removed from the collar to complete the riveting. The C-shaped positioning member 3.10 provides a reaction force during riveting, supporting the rivet head 1.1 during riveting, ensuring that the anvil 3.1 can smoothly squeeze the collar and deform to complete the riveting. The C-shaped positioning member 3.10 can be integrally cast with the gun body, or it can be fixed to the gun body as a whole by welding, structural connection, fastening connection, etc.

[0055] The special riveting tool gun head assembly of the present invention is composed of only anvil 3.1, and does not have structures such as claws and flaps of conventional riveting tools, thereby eliminating vulnerable and consumable parts such as claws and flaps, and has low cost of use; and during installation, there is no need to grasp the tail of the rivet as a force application point, and the installation can be completed without the risk of installation failure, such as the installation defect of pulling during riveting of conventional pull-off type and short tail type tail structures.

[0056] The installation process of fastening and connecting using the rivet of the present invention and the special installation tool is as follows:

[0057] Step 1: Insert the rivet into the connected parts. After the connected parts are fully inserted, insert the ring into the rivet ring groove 1.3 structure.

[0058] Step 2: If Figure 5 As shown, the rivet positioning groove 3.12 structure of the special riveting tool is matched with the rivet head 1.1, and then the retaining bolt 3.11 is tightened to fix the riveting tool, rivet and connected parts into a whole, ready for riveting.

[0059] Step 3: If Figure 6 As shown, the riveting tool switch button 3.9 is activated, the riveting tool gun head assembly anvil 3.1 extends forward, squeezes the collar, and starts riveting.

[0060] Step 4: If Figure 7 As shown, the riveting tool oil pressure reaches the set value or the gun head assembly anvil 3.1 is squeezed to the specified position and the anvil 3.1 no longer moves forward, and the riveting is completed.

[0061] Step 5: Figure 8As shown, under the reaction force of the stop bolt 3.11, the anvil 3.1 returns to the initial position under the action of the de-riveting oil pressure, and the de-riveting is completed.

[0062] Step 6: Loosen the retaining bolt 3.11 and remove the riveting tool from the connected parts. The riveting operation is completed.

Claims

1. A riveting tool specifically used for fastening tailless rivets, wherein the tailless rivet comprises a rivet and a collar, wherein the rivet comprises a head, a polished rod, and an annular groove sequentially arranged on a cylindrical rod, and the collar comprises a flange and a deformation zone arranged on the cylindrical structure; characterized in that: The riveting tool consists of a hydraulic riveting gun body and a positioning mechanism fixed to the front end of the gun body. The positioning mechanism includes a C-shaped positioning piece, a stop bolt and a rivet positioning groove. The C-shaped positioning member is a load-bearing structural member with a C-shaped arc arm, one end of which is fixed to the gun body and the other end is located at the front end of the gun head axis of the gun body; The stop bolt is a telescopically adjustable screw, which is threadedly arranged on the C-shaped arc arm and parallel to the axis of the gun body and gun head; The rivet positioning groove is a groove that matches the shape of the protruding head and is arranged on the C-shaped arc arm at a position intersecting with the axis of the gun body and gun head.

2. The riveting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the collar is greater than or equal to the length of the rivet ring groove.

3. The riveting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The head has a semi-spherical or trapezoidal frustum structure.

4. The riveting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer shape of the collar is a straight cylindrical structure.

5. The riveting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic riveting gun body comprises an anvil, an O-type sealing ring, a cylinder body, a rear cover, a piston, a connecting seat, an oil pipe, a handle and a switch button which constitute the hydraulic riveting gun.

6. The riveting tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The C-shaped arc arm is integrally cast with the gun body, or is fixedly connected to the gun body by welding or fastening to form an integral structure.

7. A riveting method for tailless rivets, characterized in that: The riveting tool according to claim 5 or 6 comprises the following steps: Step 1: Insert the rivet into the connected parts. After the connected parts are fully inserted, insert the ring into the rivet ring groove structure; Step 2: Match the rivet positioning groove structure of the special riveting tool with the rivet head, then tighten the retaining bolt to fix the riveting tool, rivet and connected parts into a whole and prepare for riveting; Step 3: Turn on the riveting tool switch button, the anvil of the riveting tool gun assembly extends forward, and the ring is squeezed to start riveting; Step 4: The riveting tool oil pressure reaches the set value or the anvil of the gun head assembly is squeezed to the specified position and the anvil no longer moves forward, and the riveting is completed; Step 5: Under the reaction force of the stop bolt, the anvil returns to its initial position under the action of the de-rivet oil pressure, and the de-rivet is completed; Step 6: Loosen the retaining bolt and remove the riveting tool from the connected parts. The riveting operation is completed.

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