A high-efficiency rock breaking and excavation test device and method based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling

Abstract

The present invention discloses an efficient rock breaking and excavation test device and method based on vibration impact and roller rolling, wherein the base is used for the fixed placement of rock samples, the load frame of the load system is freely raised and lowered and arranged directly above the base, the impact power component is arranged on the middle frame, and the counterweight is arranged near the outer end of the lower frame; the roller frame of the roller cutter system is arranged below the load frame, and its support frame is connected to the rotating power component, the positive cutter frame is connected to the bottom of the support frame through a connecting seat, and the positive cutter rod is respectively arranged in series with a plurality of positive roller cutter units; the side cutter frame is detachably arranged outside each connecting seat, and the side cutter rod extends obliquely upward and outward and is arranged in series with a plurality of side roller cutter units. The provided device applies a fixed load and a reciprocating impact load to the roller cutter system through the load system to realize an efficient rock breaking and excavation test, and facilitates the assembly and coordination of the positive roller cutter unit and the side roller cutter unit, and is suitable for the research and development of hard rock excavation equipment and the optimization of hard rock excavation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a rock breaking and tunneling test device and method, and in particular to a high-efficiency rock breaking and tunneling test method based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling. Background Art

[0002] Full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM) uses the cutter on the rotating cutter disc to squeeze and shear the rock, and is widely used in railway, hydropower, subway and other tunnel projects that need to pass through rock formations. The cutter disc rock breaking technology is the core of TBM technology. The existing TBM cutter disc has the problem of low efficiency in breaking hard rock. In order to master the core technology of rollers for breaking hard rock, it is necessary to develop special test equipment to accurately simulate the hard rock breaking process of the cutter disc in the laboratory.

[0003] At present, there is a lack of test equipment for hard rock breaking and tunneling based on the combined effects of vibration impact and roller cutter rolling. Technical personnel in the industry have developed various types of test equipment for rock breaking and tunneling tests, but the existing test equipment has the following technical deficiencies: (i) It only has the function of applying a fixed positive pressure load to the cutterhead tool, but does not have the function of applying a vibration impact load, and is not suitable for conducting experimental research on hard rock breaking under the combined effects of impact load and roller cutter rolling; (ii) It is only suitable for mature TMB cutterheads, and there are problems such as the roller cutter being difficult to disassemble, install, and combine, and is not suitable for the research and development of new cutterhead tools. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above problems, the present invention provides a high-efficiency rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling, which is suitable for experimental research on hard rock breaking of cutter disc tools under the combined action of impact load and fixed positive pressure, and is suitable for the research and development of cutter disc tools for hard rock breaking.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, in the first aspect, the present invention provides an efficient rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling, comprising a base, a load system and a roller cutter system; the base is used for fixed placement of rock samples, and an array of vertical guide rails extending upward is provided on the outer periphery of the base; the load system comprises a load frame, an impact power unit and a fixed load unit, the load frame is arranged directly above the base and slidably cooperates with the vertical guide rail, the load frame comprises an upper frame, a middle frame and a lower frame arranged at vertical intervals; the upper frame is provided with a hanging rod for connecting a lifting device; the impact power component is arranged at the center of the middle frame and is used to output a vertical impact load to the load frame; the fixed load unit comprises an adjustable number of counterweights, and each of the counterweights is evenly distributed near the outer periphery of the lower frame; the roller cutter system comprises a roller cutter frame, a positive roller cutter unit and a side roller cutter unit, the roller cutter frame is arranged below the load frame, and comprises a support frame, a positive cutter frame and a side cutter frame; the support frame is arranged around The vertical center axis is arranged to rotate at the bottom center of the lower frame, and the lower frame is provided with a rotating power component driven by the support frame, and a plurality of oblique connecting rods extending obliquely downward and outward are radially connected near the lower end of the support frame; the positive knife frame is arranged at the bottom of the support frame, and the positive knife frame includes a center seat and a positive knife rod, and the positive knife rod includes a plurality of and is radially connected to the outside of the center seat, and the outer end of each positive knife rod is detachably connected to the lower end of the oblique connecting rod through a connecting seat; each of the positive knife rods is respectively arranged in series with a plurality of the positive hob units, and each of the positive hob units is respectively detachably mounted on the positive knife rod; the side knife frame includes a plurality of and is respectively arranged on the outside of each of the connecting seats, the side knife frame includes a side knife seat and a side knife rod, the side knife seat is detachably connected to the connecting seat, the side knife rod is arranged on the outside of the side knife seat and extends obliquely upward and outward, and each of the side knife rods is respectively arranged in series with at least one of the side hob units, and the side hob units are respectively detachably mounted on the side knife rod.

[0006] Optionally, the lower shelf extends outside the upper shelf and the middle shelf, the outer end of the lower shelf is provided with a guide sleeve that slidably cooperates with the vertical guide rail, and the counterweight is arranged near the outer end of the lower shelf.

[0007] Optionally, the counterweight is a weight, the lower shelf is provided with a column with a thread on the upper end, and an adjustable number of weights are mounted on the column and locked by a nut member that cooperates with the thread.

[0008] Optionally, the shell of the impact power component is fixedly connected to the middle frame, and a piston member that can perform vertical reciprocating impact motion through power drive is arranged in the shell, so as to output vertical vibration load to the load frame through the reciprocating action of the piston member.

[0009] Optionally, the connecting seat includes an upper seat and a lower seat that are detachably connected, the upper seat is fixedly connected to the lower end of the oblique support rod, and the outer end of the positive knife rod is clamped and fixed by the upper seat and the lower seat.

[0010] Optionally, the positive hob unit comprises a positive hob, an axial bearing component and a radial bearing component, wherein the axial bearing component is used to bear the axial load of the positive hob, and the radial bearing component is used to bear the radial load of the positive hob.

[0011] Optionally, the side hob unit includes a side hob, an axial bearing component and a radial bearing component, wherein the axial bearing component is used to bear the axial load of the side hob, and the radial bearing component is used to bear the radial load of the side hob.

[0012] Optionally, a knife sleeve is provided on the inner side of the positive hob / side hob, the outer ring of the radial bearing is connected to the inner diameter support of the knife sleeve and the inner ring is connected to the positive knife rod / side knife rod support, the outer ring of the axial bearing is connected to the end support of the knife sleeve and the inner ring is connected via a support member provided at the end of the positive knife rod / side hob.

[0013] Optionally, the support members are detachably mounted near the ends of the positive cutter bar / side hob.

[0014] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in a second aspect, the present invention provides an efficient rock breaking and excavation test method based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling, comprising the steps of:

[0015] S1, the lifting device lifts the load frame and the hoist frame through the hanging rod and fixes the rock sample on the base;

[0016] S2, adjust the number of counterweights to a predetermined positive pressure, and lower the load frame and the hoist frame through the hanging rod;

[0017] S3, the rotary drive component drives the cutter frame to rotate, the positive cutter and the side cutter roll the rock sample, and the upper frame descends along the vertical guide rail; during this period, the impact power component applies a vertical impact load to the load frame, and the impact load is transmitted to the positive cutter and the side cutter through the load frame and the cutter frame, thereby realizing the rolling test of the rock sample under load impact conditions.

[0018] S4, after the rolling is completed, the lifting device lifts the load frame and the roller frame through the hanging rod, so that the front roller and the side roller leave the rock sample.

[0019] Compared with the existing technology, the technical advantages of the present invention are embodied in: the provided test device is provided with a load system and a roller cutter system connected in an upper and lower arrangement, the load system is provided with an adjustable number of counterweights and impact power components, so as to realize the coupling of fixed positive pressure load and impact load and transmit them to the roller cutter system, and the roller cutter system drives the positive roller cutter and the side roller cutter to rotate through the rotating power component, thereby highly simulating the hard rock breaking and excavation process of the cutter head tool, which is suitable for the technical research and process development of hard rock breaking of the tool cutter head, and the positive roller cutter unit and the side roller cutter unit of the experimental device are easy to disassemble and install, and can realize different combinations, which is suitable for the experimental research of hard rock breaking of the cutter head tool under the combined action of impact load and fixed positive pressure, and is suitable for the research and development of cutter head tools for hard rock breaking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 The invention provides a high-efficiency rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the load frame with air vibrator and motor installed.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the connection between the motor and the support frame.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the support frame.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the support seat and the positive tool holder.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the lower seat.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the positive tool holder.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of a positive hob.

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the knife sleeve.

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the knife sleeve is connected with the induction ball bearing and the deep groove ball bearing.

[0031] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the positive hob is connected with the cutter sleeve and the deep groove ball bearing.

[0032] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the edge knife holder installed outside the connecting seat.

[0033] Fig.13 yes Fig.12 A partial enlarged view of point A.

[0034] Fig.14 It is a structural diagram of the edge tool holder.

[0035] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the side hob unit is installed on the side tool holder.

[0036] In the figure,

[0037] 1—base;

[0038] 2 - load frame, 21 - upper frame, 22 - middle frame, 23 - lower frame, 24 - guide sleeve, 25 - column, 26 - hanging rod;

[0039] 3—impact power components;

[0040] 4—Counterweight;

[0041] 5—rotating power component, 51—upper flange, 52—upper center rod;

[0042] 6—support frame, 61—lower flange, 62—lower center rod, 63—oblique connecting rod, 64—upper seat, 65—lower seat;

[0043] 70—positive hob unit, 701—positive hob, 702—knife sleeve, 703—thrust ball bearing, 704—deep groove ball bearing, 71—center seat, 72—positive cutter bar, 73—positive cutter retaining ring;

[0044] 80—side cutter unit, 81—side cutter seat, 82—side cutter rod, 83—inner end stopper, 84—side cutter retaining ring; 9—rock sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The existing test device has the following technical deficiencies: (i) it only has the function of applying a fixed positive pressure load to the cutterhead tools, but does not have the function of applying a vibration impact load, and is not suitable for experimental research on hard rock breaking under the combined action of impact load and roller rolling; (ii) it is only suitable for mature TMB cutterheads, and has problems such as the roller being difficult to disassemble, install, and combine, and is not suitable for the research and development of new cutterhead tools.

[0046] The present invention provides a high-efficiency rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling, which is suitable for experimental research on hard rock breaking of cutter disc tools under the combined action of impact load and fixed positive pressure, and is suitable for the research and development of cutter disc tools for hard rock breaking.

[0047] The following is a detailed description of the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following is a detailed description of the test device provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the specific implementation is only a partial example, not a complete example.

[0048] like Figure 1 The highly efficient rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling comprises a base 1, a load system and a roller cutter system. The base 1 is used for fixing and placing the rock sample 9, and an array of vertical guide rails extending upward are arranged on the periphery of the base.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the load system is constructed as follows: the load frame is arranged directly above the base 1 and slides with the vertical guide rail, and the load frame includes an upper frame 21, a middle frame 22 and a lower frame 23 arranged vertically at intervals; the upper frame 21 is provided with a hanging rod 26 for connecting a lifting device; the impact power component 3 is arranged at the center position of the middle frame 22 and is used to output a vertical impact load to the load frame 2; the fixed load unit includes an adjustable number of counterweights 4, and each counterweight is evenly distributed near the periphery of the lower frame 23.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the structure of the hob system is as follows: the hob frame body is arranged below the load frame; the support frame 6 is arranged at the bottom center of the lower frame 23 to rotate around the vertical center axis, and the lower frame 23 is provided with a rotating power component 5 connected to the support frame 6, and a plurality of oblique connecting rods 63 extending obliquely downward and outward are radially connected near the lower end of the support frame; the positive knife frame is arranged at the bottom of the support frame 6, and the positive knife frame includes a center seat 71 and positive knife rods 72, and the positive knife rods 72 include a plurality of positive knife rods 72 connected to the outside of the center seat in a radial manner, and the outer ends of each positive knife rod 72 are respectively connected by connecting rods 63. The connecting seat is detachably connected to the lower end of the oblique connecting rod 63; each positive cutter rod is respectively arranged in series with a plurality of positive cutter units 70, and each positive cutter unit 70 is respectively detachably mounted on the positive cutter rod 72; the side cutter holder includes a plurality of side cutter holders and are respectively arranged on the outside of each connecting seat, the side cutter holder includes a side cutter seat and a side cutter rod 82, the side cutter seat is detachably connected to the connecting seat, the side cutter rod is arranged on the outside of the side cutter seat and extends obliquely upward and outward, and each side cutter rod is respectively arranged in series with at least one side cutter unit 80, and the side cutter units are respectively detachably mounted on the side cutter rod 82.

[0051] The provided test device is equipped with a load system and a cutter system connected in an upper and lower arrangement. The load system is equipped with an adjustable number of counterweights and impact power components to achieve the coupling of fixed positive pressure load and impact load and transmit them to the cutter system. The cutter system drives the positive cutter and the side cutter to rotate through the rotating power component, thereby highly simulating the hard rock breaking and excavation process of the cutter head tool. It is suitable for technical research and process development of hard rock breaking by the cutter head tool. The positive cutter unit and the side cutter unit of the experimental device are easy to disassemble and install, and different combinations can be achieved. It is suitable for experimental research on hard rock breaking by the cutter head tool under the combined action of impact load and fixed positive pressure, and is suitable for the research and development of cutter head tools for hard rock breaking.

[0052] The structures of various parts of the test device of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0053] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the impact power component 3 is arranged at the center position of the middle frame 22 and is used to output a vertical impact load to the load frame 2; optionally, the shell of the impact power component 3 is fixedly connected to the middle frame 22, and a piston member that can perform vertical reciprocating impact motion through power drive is arranged in the shell to output a vertical vibration load to the load frame 2 through the reciprocating action of the piston member.

[0054] In some preferred embodiments, the impact power component is a gas vibrator connected to the middle frame 22 of the load frame 2 by screws. Therefore, when the gas vibrator is fed with gas and starts to vibrate, the entire load frame 2 will vibrate together. At the same time, since the motor is also fixed to the lower frame 23 of the load frame 2 by screws, the motor and the load frame 2 will vibrate together, thereby driving the support frame 6 connected to the motor to vibrate together, and the positive knife frame and the side knife frame are connected to the support frame 6, thereby driving the positive roller 701 and the side roller 81 to vibrate together, thereby realizing the function of transmitting vibration to the rock sample 9. The working principle of the pneumatic vibrator is as follows: the pneumatic vibrator uses the high-pressure gas discharged from the air compressor to access the product air inlet through the air pipe. When the gas pushes the piston upward, the gas in the air chamber on the piston is squeezed, and the squeezed gas is discharged through the exhaust hole. When the piston moves upward to the end point, the gas automatically switches the ventilation direction through the groove and the airway, so that the gas enters the air chamber on the piston. The high-pressure gas pushes the piston downward to the end point, and the first cycle ends, and the second cycle begins. The continuous reciprocating cycles cause the vibrator to produce translational motion and shaking, thereby generating vibration force. Since the pneumatic vibrator and the load frame 2 are fixed by screws, when the pneumatic vibrator vibrates, the entire load frame 2 will also be driven to vibrate. In other embodiments, the impact power component can be a hydraulic vibrator or an electric vibrator, and the specific structure is not repeated.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the fixed load unit includes an adjustable number of counterweights 4, and each counterweight 4 is evenly distributed near the outer periphery of the lower frame 23; the lower frame 23 extends to the outside of the upper frame 21 and the middle frame 22, and the outer end of the lower frame 23 is provided with a guide sleeve 24 that slides with the vertical guide rail, and the counterweight 4 is arranged near the outer end of the lower frame 23.

[0056] In some embodiments, the counterweight 4 is a weight, and the lower frame 23 is provided with a column 25 with a thread on the upper end, and the weight is mounted on the column 25 and locked by a nut member that cooperates with the thread. Specifically, the counterweight 4 is a weight, and the column 25 has a thread, and the locking nut can be connected to the column 25 through a thread to fix the weight and prevent the weight from falling off during the experiment. The weight is directly mounted on the column 25 of the load frame 2 for placing the weight, and the function is to increase the normal force applied to the rock sample 9 required in the experiment.

[0057] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the support frame 6 is arranged at the bottom center of the lower frame 23 for rotation around the vertical center axis, and the lower frame 23 is provided with a rotating power component 5 drivingly connected to the support frame 6. The support frame 6 is a bracket structure, and a plurality of oblique connecting rods 63 extending obliquely downward and outward are radially connected near the lower end of the support frame 6; the support frame 6 is composed of a lower center rod 62 at the top and circumferentially fixed oblique connecting rods 63, and the positive knife frame is radially provided with positive knife rods 72 outside the center seat 71, and an upper seat 64 is provided at the bottom of each oblique connecting rod 63, and the upper seat 64 is connected to the lower seat by a bolt connector, and the upper seat 64 and the lower seat are provided with mounting holes matching the knife rod, and the upper seat 64 and the positive knife rod 72 are matched to install and fix the positive knife rod 72, and the upper seat 64 and the lower seat are fixed by a bolt connector.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the rotating power component 5 is a motor, the motor output shaft is connected to the upper center rod 52 through a key, the upper center rod 52 is provided with an upper flange 51, the lower center rod 62 of the support frame 6 is provided with a lower flange 61, and the upper flange 51 and the lower flange 61 are connected by bolt fasteners. The motor and the connecting rod are assembled by key connection, so the motor can directly transmit the speed and torque to the upper center rod 52, and the upper center rod 52 is transmitted to the lower center rod 62, thereby driving the support frame 6 to rotate, and realizing the function of driving the positive hob unit 70 on the positive tool holder and the side hob unit 80 on the side tool holder to rotate around the lower center rod 62. In other embodiments, the rotating power component 5 is a hydraulic motor, a pneumatic motor or a motor provided with a reduction transmission unit, and the specific structure is not repeated.

[0059] The positive tool holder is arranged at the bottom of the support frame 6, and the positive tool holder includes a center seat 71 and a positive tool rod 72. The positive tool rod 72 includes multiple positive tool rods 72 that are radially connected to the outside of the center seat 71. The outer end of each positive tool rod 72 is detachably connected to the lower end of the oblique connecting rod 63 through a connecting seat; each positive tool rod 72 is respectively arranged in series with a plurality of positive hob units 70, and each positive hob unit 70 is detachably mounted on the positive tool rod 72.

[0060] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the connecting seat includes an upper seat 64 and a lower seat 65 that are detachably connected. The upper seat 64 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the oblique support rod, and the outer end of the positive knife rod 72 is clamped and fixed by the upper seat 64 and the lower seat 65. The edge knife seat 81 is arranged on the outer side of the connecting seat. The upper end of the edge knife seat 81 is detachably connected to the upper seat 64, and the lower end of the edge knife seat 81 is detachably connected to the lower seat 65. The specific edge knife holder includes a plurality of edge knife holders that are respectively arranged on the outer side of each connecting seat. The edge knife holder includes an edge knife seat 81 and an edge knife rod 82. The edge knife seat 81 is detachably connected to the connecting seat. The upper seat 64 and the lower seat have threaded holes for installing the edge knife holder. The edge knife holder is connected to the assembly of the upper seat 64 and the lower seat by screws, and the edge knife seat 81 is connected to the upper seat 64 and the lower seat by screws.

[0061] Through the above structure, the side cutter holder can be disassembled separately without moving the main cutter holder, and only the side cutter unit can be replaced; or, under the premise that the side cutter holder is connected to the upper holder, the lower holder can be disassembled separately, so as to remove the main cutter holder and complete the replacement of the main cutter unit. The above structure facilitates the combination of different main cutter units and side cutter units, and is suitable for the research and development of cutterhead tools suitable for hard rock breaking.

[0062] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 The positive cutter unit includes a positive cutter 701, an axial bearing member and a radial bearing member. The axial bearing member is used to bear the axial load of the positive cutter 701, and the radial bearing member is used to bear the radial load of the positive cutter 701. An inner retaining ring is provided between the inner ring of the innermost axial bearing member installed on the positive cutter rod 72 and the center seat 71, and an outer retaining ring is provided between the inner ring of the outermost axial bearing member installed on the positive cutter rod 72 and the connecting seat. Both the inner retaining ring and the outer retaining ring are detachably installed on the positive cutter rod 72. Through the above structure, the disassembly and installation of the positive cutter unit can be conveniently realized, the assembly of the positive cutter is convenient, and it is suitable for the research and development of cutterhead tools for hard rock breaking.

[0063] In some preferred embodiments, in a specific embodiment, the axial bearing member adopts a thrust ball bearing, and the radial bearing member adopts a deep groove ball bearing. A knife sleeve is arranged inside the positive hob 701, the outer ring of the radial bearing member is supported and connected with the inner diameter of the knife sleeve, and the inner ring is supported and connected with the positive knife rod 72, the outer ring of the axial bearing member is supported and connected with the end of the knife sleeve, and the inner ring is supported and connected by the positive support member arranged at the end of the positive knife rod 72. The positive knife rod 72 itself is used for the assembly of the bearing member and the positive hob 701, the bearing member and the positive hob 701 are both sleeved on the rod, and the end retaining ring has a function similar to the step on the shaft, the inner ring of the thrust ball bearing 703 cooperates with the end retaining ring on the tool holder, so as to realize that the thrust ball bearing 703 is concentric with the rod of the assembled hob. The center seat 71 in the center of the tool holder is to limit the distance from the innermost thrust ball bearing 703 to the center of the positive knife holder to not be too small. Through the above structure, the assembly of the positive hob is convenient, the structure is simple, and the disassembly and assembly are convenient.

[0064] In some preferred embodiments, the axial bearing is a thrust ball bearing 703, which is installed with the cutter sleeve 702 through the step on the cutter sleeve 702, and the deep groove ball bearing 704 is inserted into the cutter sleeve 702. The innermost thrust ball bearing 703 is supported by the positive cutter retaining ring 73 on the positive cutter rod 72, and then the outer rings of the steps on both sides of the cutter sleeve 702 cooperate with the inner ring of the thrust ball bearing 703, and the inner ring of the cutter sleeve 702 cooperates with the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 704, and the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing 704 is directly sleeved on the rod of the tool holder. The inner ring of the positive hob 701 is sleeved on the step of the cutter sleeve 702 and cooperates with the cutter sleeve 702, and both the left and right sides of the positive hob 701 must cooperate with the cutter sleeve 702. It can conveniently realize the disassembly and installation of the positive hob unit, which is suitable for the research and development of cutter disc tools for hard rock breaking.

[0065] like Fig.12 , Fig.13 , Fig.14 and Fig.15As shown, the side cutter unit includes a side cutter, an axial bearing member and a radial bearing member. The axial bearing member is used to bear the axial load of the side cutter, and the radial bearing member is used to bear the radial load of the side cutter. A knife sleeve is arranged inside the side cutter, the outer ring of the radial bearing member is connected to the inner diameter support of the knife sleeve, and the inner ring is connected to the side cutter rod 82, the outer ring of the axial bearing member is connected to the end support of the knife sleeve, and the inner ring is connected to the side support member provided at the end of the side cutter rod 82. Specifically, the side cutter retaining ring 84 is also directly sleeved on the side cutter rod 82 through the inner ring, the purpose is to cooperate with the thrust ball bearing 703, play a role similar to a step, and ensure that the thrust ball bearing 703 and the side cutter rod 82 are concentric. The inner ring of the thrust ball bearing 703 and the outer ring of the side cutter retaining ring 84 are also directly sleeved. The cooperation of the remaining side cutters 81, the knife sleeve 702 and the deep groove ball bearing 704 is the same as the structure of the positive cutter 701. The edge cutter bar 82 is arranged outside the edge cutter seat 81 and extends obliquely upward and outward. At least one edge hob unit 80 is arranged in series on each edge cutter bar 82, and the edge hob units 80 are detachably mounted on the edge cutter bar 82. Optionally, the edge cutter seat 81 is provided with an inner end stopper 83 for supporting the inner ring of the innermost axial bearing member, and the outer end of the edge cutter bar 82 is threadedly connected with a locking nut for supporting the inner ring of the outermost axial bearing member. The above structure facilitates the assembly of the edge hob, has a simple structure, and is easy to disassemble and assemble.

[0066] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an efficient rock breaking and excavation test method based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling, comprising the following steps:

[0067] S1, the lifting device lifts the load frame and the hoist frame through the hanging rod, and fixes the rock sample 9 on the base 1. The rock sample 9 can be tested with different rocks instead of a specific rock sample 9;

[0068] S2, adjusting the number of counterweights 4 to a predetermined positive pressure, and the lifting device lowers the load frame and the hoist frame through the hanging rod;

[0069] S3, the rotary drive component drives the cutter frame to rotate, the positive cutter 701 and the side cutter roll the rock sample 9, and the upper frame descends along the vertical guide rail; optionally, during S3, the impact power component 3 is started to apply a vertical impact load to the load frame, and the impact load is transmitted to the positive cutter 701 and the side cutter through the load frame and the cutter frame, so as to realize the rolling test of the rock sample 9 under the load impact condition;

[0070] S4, after the rolling is completed, the lifting device lifts the load frame and the roller frame through the hanging rod, so that the front roller 701 and the side roller leave the rock sample 9.

[0071] The test method provided is that the load system realizes the coupling of fixed positive pressure load and impact load and transmits them to the cutter system. The cutter system drives the positive cutter and the side cutter to rotate through the rotating power component, thereby highly simulating the hard rock breaking and excavation process of the cutter head tool. It is suitable for the technical research and process development of hard rock breaking of the cutter head tool. The positive cutter unit and the side cutter unit of the experimental device are easy to disassemble and install, and different combinations can be realized. It is suitable for experimental research on hard rock breaking of the cutter head tool under the combined action of impact load and fixed positive pressure, and is suitable for the research and development of cutter head tools for hard rock breaking.

[0072] It should be noted that ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, they should all be included in the scope of the technical solution requested for protection by the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling, characterized by: It comprises a base (1), a load system and a hob system; The base (1) is used for fixing and placing the rock sample (9), and an array of vertical guide rails extending upwards is arranged on the periphery of the base; The load system comprises a load frame (2), an impact power unit and a fixed load unit. The load frame is arranged directly above the base (1) and slidably cooperates with the vertical guide rail. The load frame comprises an upper frame (21), a middle frame (22) and a lower frame (23) arranged vertically at intervals. The upper frame (21) is provided with a hanging rod (26) for connecting a lifting device. The impact power unit (3) is arranged at the center of the middle frame (22) and is used to output a vertical impact load to the load frame (2). The fixed load unit comprises an adjustable number of counterweights (4), each of which is evenly distributed near the periphery of the lower frame (23). The hob system comprises a hob frame body, a front hob unit (70) and a side hob unit (80); the hob frame body is arranged below the load frame and comprises a support frame (6), a front hob frame and a side hob frame; The support frame (6) is arranged at the bottom center of the lower frame (23) so as to rotate around a vertical center axis, and the lower frame (23) is provided with a rotating power component (5) drivingly connected to the support frame (6), and a plurality of oblique connecting rods (63) extending obliquely downward and outward are radially connected near the lower end of the support frame; The positive tool holder is arranged at the bottom of the support frame (6), and comprises a central seat (71) and positive tool rods (72). The positive tool rods (72) comprise a plurality of positive tool rods (72) which are radially connected to the outside of the central seat, and the outer ends of the positive tool rods (72) are detachably connected to the lower ends of the oblique connecting rods (63) via connecting seats; each positive tool rod has a plurality of positive roller units (70) arranged in series, and each positive roller unit (70) is detachably mounted on the positive tool rod (72); The side tool holder comprises a plurality of side tool holders which are respectively arranged on the outside of each of the connecting seats, the side tool holder comprises a side tool holder and a side tool rod (82), the side tool holder is detachably connected to the connecting seat, the side tool rod is arranged on the outside of the side tool holder and extends obliquely upward outward, and at least one side roller unit (80) is respectively arranged in series on each of the side tool rods, and the side roller units are respectively detachably mounted on the side tool rods (82).

2. The high-efficiency rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lower frame (23) extends outside the upper frame (21) and the middle frame (22), the outer end of the lower frame is provided with a guide sleeve (24) that slidably cooperates with the vertical guide rail, and the counterweight (4) is arranged near the outer end of the lower frame (23).

3. The high-efficiency rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The counterweight (4) is a weight, and the lower frame (23) is provided with a column (25) with a thread on the upper end. The weights are adjustable in number and are mounted on the column and locked by a nut member that cooperates with the thread.

4. The high-efficiency rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shell of the impact power unit (3) is fixedly connected to the middle frame (22), and a piston member that can be driven by power to perform vertical reciprocating impact motion is arranged in the shell, so that the reciprocating motion of the piston member can output a vertical vibration load to the load frame (2).

5. The high-efficiency rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting seat comprises an upper seat (64) and a lower seat (65) which are detachably connected, the upper seat (64) being fixedly connected to the lower end of the oblique connecting rod (63), and the outer end of the positive knife rod (72) being clamped and fixed by the upper seat (64) and the lower seat (65).

6. The high-efficiency rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The positive hob unit (70) comprises a positive hob, an axial bearing component and a radial bearing component, wherein the axial bearing component is used to bear the axial load of the positive hob, and the radial bearing component is used to bear the radial load of the positive hob.

7. The high-efficiency rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The side hob unit (80) comprises a side hob, an axial bearing component and a radial bearing component, wherein the axial bearing component is used to bear the axial load of the side hob, and the radial bearing component is used to bear the radial load of the side hob.

8. The high-efficiency rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: A knife sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the positive hob / side hob, the outer ring of the radial bearing member is supported and connected to the inner diameter of the knife sleeve, and the inner ring is supported and connected to the positive knife rod (72) / side knife rod (82), the outer ring of the axial bearing member is supported and connected to the end of the knife sleeve, and the inner ring is supported and connected via a support member arranged at the end of the positive knife rod (72) / side hob.

9. The high-efficiency rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The support members are detachably mounted near the ends of the positive knife rod (72) / side knife rod (82).

10. An efficient rock breaking and excavation test method based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling, characterized in that: The high-efficiency rock breaking and excavation test device based on vibration impact and roller cutter rolling as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1, the lifting device lifts the load frame and the roller frame through the hanging rod (26) to fix the rock sample (9) on the base (1); S2, adjusting the number of counterweights (4) to a predetermined positive pressure, and the lifting device lowers the load frame and the hoist frame through the hanging rod (26); S3, the rotary drive component drives the cutter frame to rotate, the front cutter and the side cutter roll the rock sample (9), and the upper frame descends along the vertical guide rail; during this period, the impact power unit (3) applies a vertical impact load to the load frame, and the impact load is transmitted to the front cutter and the side cutter through the load frame and the cutter frame, so as to realize a rolling test on the rock sample (9) under load impact conditions; S4, after the rolling is completed, the lifting device lifts the load frame and the roller cutter frame through the hanging rod (26), so that the front roller cutter and the side roller cutter leave the rock sample (9).

Images