Multifunctional inventory handling station assembly

Abstract

An inventory processing station component (60) for a storage and retrieval system, the storage and retrieval system including a grid frame structure (14), the grid frame structure (14) comprising: a plurality of uprights (16) located in one or more vertical planes and arranged to form a plurality of grid columns (15) for stacking one or more containers (10) between the plurality of uprights (16) and guided vertically by the plurality of uprights (16), the plurality of uprights (16) being connected at their tops by a first set of grid members (18) extending in a first direction. The first set of grid members (20) extends in a second direction and is interconnected with the second set of grid members (20), which runs laterally to the first set of grid members (18) in a basically horizontal plane to form a grid comprising several grid cells or grid spaces; the first and second sets of grid members (18, 20) respectively support the first and second sets of tracks (22a, 22b) at higher levels of the grid frame structure (14) for loading the processing equipment (30) to move one or more containers (10) on the grid frame structure (14), wherein the inventory The processing station component (60) includes: i) a supply area (64) including at least one vertical chute (62) configurable to cooperate with at least one upright (16), the at least one vertical chute (62) having a first opening for receiving a container (10) lowered by at least one loading processing device (30) through a grid cell and a second opening for allowing the container (10) to leave the supply area (64); ii) a buffer (70) for vertically accumulating one or more containers (10), including at least one container lifting device (68) configurable to lift the container (10) upward toward the grid such that the container (10) can be retrieved by the at least one loading processing device (30) in use; iii) an access station (66) between the supply area (64) and the buffer (70) to enable access to one or more containers (10) leaving the supply area (64); and iv) a conveyor system (76) configured to transport one or more containers (10) from the supply area (64) via the access station to the buffer (70).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of storage and retrieval systems for processing storage containers or storage boxes stacked in a grid frame structure, and more specifically, to a multifunctional inventory processing station component for picking or supplying one or more goods or commodities to or from a storage and retrieval system comprising a grid frame structure. Background Technology

[0002] Storage systems comprising three-dimensional storage grid structures in which storage containers / cabins are stacked on top of each other are well known. PCT Patent No. WO2015 / 185628A (Ocado) describes a known storage and fulfillment system in which stacks of boxes or containers are arranged within a grid frame structure. The boxes or containers are accessed via a loading and handling device remotely operated on a track located at the top of the grid frame structure. This type of system is schematically illustrated in Figures 1 to 3.

[0003] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, stackable containers (known boxes or containers 10) are stacked on top of each other to form a stack 12. The stack 12 is placed in a grid frame structure 14 in a warehouse storage or production environment. The grid frame consists of several storage columns or grid columns 15. Each grid in the grid frame structure has at least one grid column for storing the stacked containers. Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the grid frame structure 14, and Figure 2 is a top view of the stack 12 of boxes 10 placed in the frame structure 14. Each box 10 typically holds several product goods (not shown), and depending on its application, the product goods in the box 10 can be the same or different product types.

[0004] The grid frame structure 14 includes several upright members or columns 16 supporting the horizontal members 18 and 20. A first set of parallel horizontal grid members 18 is positioned perpendicular to a second set of parallel horizontal grid members 20 to form several horizontal grid structures supported by the upright members 16. Members 16, 18, and 20 are typically made of metal and are typically welded together, bolted together, or a combination of both. Boxes 10 are stacked between members 16, 18, and 20 of the grid frame structure 14, such that the grid frame structure 14 prevents horizontal movement of the stack 12 of boxes 10 and guides vertical movement of boxes 10.

[0005] The top layer of the grid frame structure 14 includes tracks 22 arranged in a grid pattern on top of the stack 12. Furthermore, referring to Figure 3, the tracks 22 support several loading and handling devices 30. A first set 22a of parallel tracks 22 guides the robotic loading and handling devices 30 to move in a first direction (e.g., the Y direction) on top of the grid frame structure 14, and a second set 22b of parallel tracks 22, configured perpendicular to the first set 22a, guides the loading and handling devices 30 to move in a second direction (e.g., the X direction) perpendicular to the first direction. In this way, the tracks 22 allow the robotic loading and handling devices 30 to move laterally in two dimensions in a horizontal XY plane, enabling the loading and handling devices 30 to be moved to positions above any stack 12.

[0006] PCT Patent Publication No. WO2015 / 019055 (Ocado) (which is incorporated herein by reference) describes a known loading and handling device 30 shown in Figures 4 and 5, comprising a vehicle body 32, wherein each loading and handling device 30 covers only one grid space of a grid frame structure 14. Here, the loading and handling device 30 includes a wheel assembly comprising a first set of wheels 34 and a second set of wheels 36. The first set of wheels 34 consists of a pair of wheels at the front of the vehicle body 32 and a pair of wheels 34 at the rear of the vehicle body 32, for engaging a first set of tracks or rails to guide the device to move in a first direction. The second set of wheels 36 consists of a pair of wheels 36 on each side of the vehicle body 32 for engaging a second set of tracks or rails to guide the device to move in a second direction. Each set of wheels is driven to enable the vehicle to move along tracks in the X and Y directions, respectively. One or both sets of wheels can move vertically to lift each set of wheels off its respective track, thereby allowing the vehicle to move in the desired direction.

[0007] The loading and handling equipment 30 is equipped with lifting devices or a crane mechanism to lift the storage container from above. The crane mechanism includes a winch, ropes or cables 38 wound on a reel or spool (not shown), and a gripping device 39. The lifting devices or crane mechanism include a set of lifting ropes 38, also referred to as gripping devices (one rope near each of the four corners of the gripping device), extending vertically and connected in or near the four corners of the lifting frame 39, for releasable connection to the storage container 10. The gripping device 39 is configured to releasably clamp the top of the storage container 10 to lift it from a stack of containers in a storage system of the type shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0008] Wheels 34 and 36 are arranged around the periphery of an inner cavity or recess (referred to as container receiving recess 40) in the lower part of the loading and handling equipment. As shown in Figures 5 (a and b), the recess is sized to accommodate container 10 when it is lifted by a crane mechanism. While in the recess, the container is lifted off the track below so that the carrier or loading and handling equipment can move laterally to different locations. Upon reaching a target location (e.g., another stack, an access point in a storage system, or a conveyor belt), the box or container can be lowered from the container receiving section and released from the gripping device.

[0009] Therefore, upon receiving a customer order, an operable loading and handling device that moves along a track is instructed to pick a storage box containing the ordered goods from a stack within the grid frame structure and transport the storage box to a picking station, from which the goods can then be retrieved. Typically, the loading and handling device transports the storage box or container to a box lifting device integrated into the grid frame structure. The mechanism of the box lifting device lowers the storage box or container to the picking station. At the picking station, the goods are retrieved from the storage box. As taught in GB2524383 (Ocado Innovation Limited), picking can be done manually or by a robot. After retrieval from the storage box, it is transported to a second box lifting device, which then lifts it to the grid level for retrieval by the loading and handling device and transports it back to its position within the grid frame structure. Control and communication systems track the position of the storage boxes and their contents within the grid frame structure. Because individual containers are stacked in vertical hierarchies, their positions within the grid frame structure or "honeycomb" can be represented using three-dimensional coordinates to indicate the location and depth of the loaded processing equipment or container (e.g., container at (X, Y, Z), depth W). Similarly, positions within the grid frame structure can be represented in two dimensions to indicate the location and depth of the loaded processing equipment or container (e.g., container depth (e.g., container at (X, Y), depth Z)). For example, Z=1 represents the topmost layer of the grid, immediately below the track system; Z=2 is the second layer below the track system; and so on down to the bottommost layer of the grid.

[0010] Similarly, when goods are stored in the storage system or replenished to the storage system, goods delivered from suppliers are transported to the dumping station or supply station. Here, depending on the type of goods, the goods are removed from their packaging, registered on a unique inventory unit of measurement or SKU, and then placed in storage bins at the dumping station. At the dumping station, the storage bins are transported to bin lifting equipment, which then lifts them to the grid level for extraction by loading and handling equipment and transport to their location within the grid frame structure.

[0011] WO2017 / 211640 (Autostore Technology AS) describes a storage system for storing product items. The system includes a grid structure configured to store multiple storage boxes in vertical compartments within the grid structure, each storage box being configured to contain at least one product item. The storage system includes picking and / or supplying stations; and the storage system includes a conveyor system configured to transport the storage boxes from a first position to a second position and further to a third position. The conveyor system includes a first tilting conveyor configured to transport the storage boxes from the first position through the second position to the third position. Picking and / or supplying stations are located near the grid structure. The first and third positions are located below two distinct vertical compartments within the grid structure. The tilting conveyor includes a hydraulic piston and cylinder mechanism for lowering and raising the conveyor. The tilting conveyor supports the storage boxes in an inclined position at the second position, thereby allowing manual picking of items from the storage boxes. Once picked, the tilting conveyor tilts downwards and the storage box is transported to a third position, allowing it to be retrieved by loading and handling equipment operating on the grid structure. Using a hydraulic piston and cylinder mechanism to lower and raise the rollers not only presents alignment issues in ensuring the storage box can be transported from the first position through the second to the third, but also increases the complexity of the picking station with this tiling device.

[0012] WO2018 / 069282 (Autostore Technology AS) describes a picking / feeding station assembly for a storage system including a grid structure. The picking / feeding station assembly includes a first box lifting device, a second box lifting device, and a picking / feeding station, wherein the first box lifting device is arranged to receive storage boxes from at least one carrier at the top layer of the grid structure and deliver the storage boxes to the picking / feeding station. The picking / feeding station includes a box transport assembly configured to move storage boxes from the first box lifting device to the second box lifting device; and the second box lifting device is configured to receive storage boxes from the box transport assembly and is arranged to transport the storage boxes to the top layer of the grid structure. The box lifting devices are arranged in the storage system to receive storage boxes from carriers or loading processing equipment at the top layer of the grid structure and to vertically transport the boxes downwards to the supply / picking station, which is located on the ground floor of the building where the storage system is installed. In use, the first storage box is initially placed on a lifting arm at the top layer of the grid and lowered toward a first conveyor unit. The space between the lifting arms is wide enough to allow the first conveyor unit to pass between them. During transit, the first storage box remains on the first conveyor unit while the lifting arm reaches its lowest position. The first conveyor unit then transports the first storage box from the first lifting device. After the storage box leaves the first box lifting device, the lifting arm can return to the top layer to retrieve the second storage box. The first and second box lifting devices are integrated into the grid frame structure, thus forming part of the picking station within the grid frame structure.

[0013] WO2020 / 074717 (Autostore Technology AS) describes a similar box lifting mechanism integrated into a grid frame structure to supply a picking station. WO2020 / 074717 (Autostore Technology AS) describes an access station for picking storage containers, comprising: a picking area; at least one conveyor arranged to transport storage containers from an entrance location through the picking area to an exit location; wherein the access station includes: at least one tilting device arranged to tilt the storage containers at least within the picking area. As taught in WO2017 / 211640 (Autostore Technology AS), when the access station is to be operated by a picking personnel, the tilting device tilts the storage containers in the picking area, thereby providing the ergonomic benefits of tilting. The storage containers are received at the rear of the access station at the entrance location on the entrance conveyor. The entrance location is configured to connect to another conveyor, for example, a storage system conveyor that transports storage containers to and from the entrance location. Upon entering the access station, the entrance conveyor transports the storage containers in the transport direction to the exit conveyor via a tiltable access conveyor in the picking area at the front of the access station. The storage containers enter and exit the grid frame structure via the rear of the access station. The entrance and exit locations can each be connected to a separate storage system conveyor.

[0014] In a storage grid, most grid pillars are storage pillars, i.e., grid pillars where storage containers are stacked and stored. However, a grid typically has at least one grid pillar that is not used for storing storage containers, but includes a location where a container handling vehicle can place and / or pick up storage containers so that the storage containers can be transported to a second location (not shown in prior art figures), where the storage containers can be accessed from outside the grid or transferred out of or into the grid. In the art, such a location is often referred to as a "port," and the grid pillar containing the port may be referred to as a "delivery pillar." A storage grid includes two delivery pillars. For example, a first delivery pillar may include a dedicated unloading port, through which a container handling vehicle or loading handling vehicle can place a storage container to be transported and further transport it to an access or transfer station, and a second delivery pillar may include a dedicated picking port, through which a container handling vehicle can pick up a storage container that has already been transported from an access or transfer station via the second delivery pillar. Storage containers enter the access station via the first delivery pillar and leave the access station via the second delivery pillar. However, this arrangement not only eliminates one or more grid posts for storage containers, but also restricts access stations to specific grid posts bound to the grid frame structure in order to supply storage containers to and retrieve them from the access stations.

[0015] While the aforementioned visitor stations are suitable for fulfilling orders that are typically planned in advance, such as a few days after receiving a customer's order, there is currently no system available for immediately fulfilling customer orders, i.e., within a few hours of receiving an order. This is especially true when orders include small quantities of items that are usually staples (such as bread or milk), and can also include impulse purchases, where customers tend to buy goods without prior planning. When customers make such impulsive purchasing decisions, they are often triggered by emotions and feelings, i.e., unplanned purchases. Convenience stores, which typically stock a wide range of everyday items (such as coffee, groceries, snacks, candy, soft drinks, tobacco products, over-the-counter medications, toiletries, newspapers, and magazines), are often best suited to meet such impulse needs. With the increasing market for convenience stores and impulse buying, there is a need for visitor stations to fulfill orders with immediate delivery.

[0016] Therefore, an access station is needed, which:

[0017] i) It is flexible and can serve as both a picking station and / or a supply station.

[0018] ii) It is portable, therefore it can be modified into any mesh frame structure.

[0019] iii) It can work with picking stations or supply stations in the storage system to fulfill orders that need to be shipped immediately.

[0020] This application claims priority to UK Patent Application No. GB2008129.5, filed on 29 May 2020, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Summary of the Invention

[0021] The present invention alleviates the above-mentioned problems by providing an inventory processing station component for a storage and retrieval system, the storage and retrieval system comprising a grid frame structure, the grid frame structure including:

[0022] Several upright posts, located in one or more vertical planes and arranged to form a grid of posts, are used to stack one or more containers between the upright posts and guided vertically by the upright posts.

[0023] Several upright columns are interconnected at their tops by a first set of grid members extending in a first direction and a second set of grid members extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members running transversely to the first set of grid members in a substantially horizontal plane to form a grid comprising several grid cells or grid spaces.

[0024] The first and second sets of grid components respectively support the first and second sets of tracks at the upper levels of the grid frame structure, which are used to load processing equipment to move one or more containers on the grid frame structure.

[0025] The inventory processing station components include:

[0026] i) A supply area, including at least one vertical chute configurable to engage with at least one upright column, the at least one vertical chute having a first opening for receiving a container lowered by at least one loading processing device through a grid cell and a second opening allowing the container to exit from the supply area;

[0027] ii) A buffer for vertically accumulating one or more containers, comprising at least one container lifting device, each of which is arranged to lift a container upward toward a grid, such that the container can be retrieved by the at least one loading and processing device during use.

[0028] iii) An access station between the supply area and the buffer zone, enabling access to one or more containers leaving the supply area.

[0029] iv) A conveyor system configured to transport one or more containers from the supply area to the buffer via an access station.

[0030] For the purposes of describing the present invention, the terms "mesh frame structure" and "frame structure" are used interchangeably to refer to a three-dimensional structure for a storage container. For the purposes of describing the present invention, the terms "mesh" and "mesh structure" are used interchangeably to refer to a two-dimensional structure formed by a first group and a second group of horizontal members. The two-dimensional mesh constitutes the top layer of the three-dimensional mesh frame structure.

[0031] Compared to access stations integrated into storage systems within grid framework structures described in the art, the inventory processing station assembly of the present invention is a separate, stand-alone station capable of receiving storage containers or boxes from loading processing equipment operating on the grid framework structure. The grid framework structure can cooperate with the inventory processing station assembly such that one or more storage boxes or containers can be lowered into one or more chutes in the supply area. Similarly, one or more box-lifting devices in the buffer can be vertically accumulated before the storage boxes or containers are picked by the loading processing equipment operating on the grid. Unloading ports in the grid can cooperate with delivery channels in the grid framework structure through which one or more storage containers are transported via chutes for supplying one or more storage containers to the supply area. Similarly, picking ports in the grid can cooperate with extraction channels in the grid framework structure through which one or more storage containers are picked from the box-lifting devices in the buffer. Storage boxes or containers are fed into the supply area via the at least one chute and conveyed to the buffer where they are vertically accumulated for picking by the loading processing equipment operating on the grid framework structure (i.e., on a track). For the purposes of this invention, the terms "vertical groove" and "groove" are used interchangeably throughout the specification to refer to the same feature.

[0032] The supply area, access station, buffer zone, and conveyor system all employ a modular structure and can be easily modified to fit existing grid frame structures. One or more chutes allow loading and handling equipment operating on the grid frame structure to lower storage containers under gravity and then transport them to the access station, where an operator or robotic device can access the contents of the storage containers. The access station according to one aspect of the invention provides a flexible solution as it can serve both as a picking station for picking one or more items from storage containers and as a replenishment station (also known as a dumping station) for storing one or more items in storage containers. For the purposes of this invention, the terms "loading and handling equipment" and "robot" are used interchangeably throughout the specification to refer to the same features.

[0033] Storage boxes or containers delivered to the supply area are transported to the buffer zone via a conveyor system through access stations. The storage boxes or containers pause at picking stations, and operators select the desired goods from the storage boxes or containers and place them into customer delivery boxes or containers. In the buffer zone, box lifting equipment elevates the storage boxes or containers toward the grid, allowing loading processing equipment operating at higher levels to retrieve the containers. This allows one or more storage boxes or containers to be vertically stacked in the buffer zone. Preferably, the box lifting equipment elevates the storage boxes or containers to the highest level in the buffer zone above the conveyor system. More preferably, loading processing equipment operating at higher levels is able to grab the storage boxes or containers in the buffer zone and subsequently elevate them into the container receiving space of the loading processing equipment.

[0034] Preferably, the conveyor system includes an inlet conveyor unit, an outlet conveyor unit, and at least one access conveyor unit. The inlet conveyor unit is arranged in a supply area and configured to transport storage boxes or containers from a second opening of at least one vertical chute to the at least one access conveyor unit in a first direction or a first transport direction. The outlet conveyor unit is arranged in a buffer zone and configured to transport storage boxes or containers from the at least one access conveyor unit to the buffer zone in a second direction or a second transport direction, wherein the at least one access conveyor unit is configured to transport containers from the supply area to the buffer zone in a third direction or a third transport direction. The three conveyor units provide flexibility in reducing the coverage area of ​​the inventory handling station components to transport one or more storage boxes or containers from the supply area to the buffer zone via the access station along multiple transport directions. For the purposes of this specification, the terms "conveyor" and "conveyor unit" are used interchangeably. The terms "direction" and "transport direction" are used interchangeably and refer to the transport direction of the conveyor or conveyor unit. The terms “first transport direction” and “second transport direction” are used to eliminate any ambiguity with the terms “first direction” and “second direction” used in references to the first and second groups of grid components above.

[0035] In one aspect of the invention, the inlet conveyor unit and the outlet conveyor are arranged such that a first transport direction of the inlet conveyor is opposite to and parallel to a second transport direction of the outlet conveyor, and wherein a third transport direction of the at least one access conveyor unit is substantially orthogonal to the first and second transport directions of the inlet and outlet conveyors, respectively. Here, the direction of at least one chute leaving the supply area and the direction of entering at least one box lifting device face the same direction, as they both discharge or receive storage boxes or containers in the same but opposite direction. The at least one access conveyor unit is orthogonal to the inlet and outlet conveyor units. Therefore, the storage box or container travels along a U-shaped direction through the conveyor system, from entering the supply area through the access station and leaving the entry buffer. Due to this configuration, the storage box or container changes direction twice.

[0036] In another aspect of the invention, the conveyor system is arranged such that a first transport direction of the inlet conveyor is orthogonal to a second transport direction of the outlet conveyor and a third transport direction of at least one access conveyor. In this aspect of the invention, the storage bins travel in an L-shaped direction, entering the supply area and passing horizontally through the access station, then leaving the access station into a buffer zone. Due to this configuration, the storage bins or containers change direction once upon entering the at least one access conveyor unit. Compared to a grid frame structure, the two configurations of the conveyor system maximize the throughput of storage bins or containers through the inventory processing station assembly within a relatively small coverage area. To further increase the throughput of storage bins or containers through the inventory processing station assembly, the at least one bin lifting device is arranged such that some storage bins or containers travel along a U-shaped path while the remainder travel along an L-shaped path, i.e., using two paths to increase the throughput of storage bins or containers through the inventory processing station assembly.

[0037] Preferably, the access station of the inventory processing station component of the present invention also functions as a supply station or dumping station, wherein the inventory stored in the grid frame structure is replenished with fresh inventory. In this configuration, the access station serves as a dumping station, where fresh inventory is fed into storage bins or containers that travel from the supply area to the buffer zone, and then distributed by loading processing equipment operating on the grid frame structure to designated vertical storage columns or grid columns within the grid frame structure. To record the inventory or stock stored in the storage and retrieval system (i.e., the grid frame structure), preferably, the at least one access conveyor unit includes a load sensor for weighing the containers. Preferably, the load sensor is arranged below the at least one access conveyor unit. More preferably, the load sensor is arranged below the at least one access conveyor unit such that the load sensor is located at the access station. When operating as a picking station, the load sensor measures the weight of the storage container in the access station each time an item is removed from the storage container. Optionally, the one or more storage bins include user-readable tags for identifying each of the one or more storage bins when it pauses at the picking station. This allows the inventory control system to identify the contents of storage bins or containers and associate them with the storage bins or containers stored in the grid frame structure. Optionally, the labels on one or more storage bins can be barcodes, one-dimensional barcodes, two-dimensional barcodes, QR codes, or RFID tags. A handheld scanner can be used to identify the identifiers of one or more storage bins, and the inventory control system can associate the contents of one or more storage bins or containers with the identifiers of the storage bins or containers themselves. Weight readings are recorded along with the identifiers of the storage bins or containers in the inventory database, and this data is used to monitor and control the inventory levels in the storage system. For example, when the weight of a particular storage bin is less than its assigned preset weight, this provides the inventory control system with information that the storage bin or container can accept more goods. Preferably, the preset weight is between 15 kg and 50 kg, more preferably between 20 kg and 40 kg. An inventory database is created to record the weight and contents of each storage bin or container in the grid frame structure. The inventory control system is used to track the location of each storage bin or container in the grid frame structure and the contents of each storage bin. For the purposes of this specification, the terms "inventory database" and "stock database" are used interchangeably.

[0038] When the access station operates as a supply station, load sensors measure the weight of the storage bin or container each time inventory is added to the storage container. The lifting mechanism of the loading handling equipment, including the gripping device, is rated to lift a preset weight; exceeding this weight will subject the lifting mechanism, including one or more motors, to undue strain. To ensure that the weight of the storage bin or container does not exceed the preset required weight of the lifting mechanism, load sensors measure the weight of the storage container each time goods are added to the storage container at the access station.

[0039] Preferably, the at least one access conveyor unit comprises a plurality of adjacent conveyor units arranged to horizontally transport storage bins or containers from the supply area via access stations to a buffer zone. More preferably, each of the plurality of conveyor units is arranged to receive a single container, wherein at least one of the plurality of conveyor units includes a load sensor. Optionally, a working surface is disposed above the at least one access conveyor unit, the working surface having an opening allowing access to the contents of the storage container on the at least one access conveyor unit. Typically, the storage bin or container is paused on a specific conveyor unit of the at least one access conveyor unit.

[0040] At least one box lifting device in the buffer allows processed storage boxes or containers to queue, preferably accumulating vertically in the buffer before they are picked by the loading processing equipment and stored in their respective positions within the grid frame structure. For the purposes of this invention, processed storage boxes or containers refer to those from which one or more items are picked when the access station is used as a picking station, or those loaded into storage boxes or containers when the access station is used as a dumping / supply station. This at least one box lifting device prevents congestion of storage boxes in the access station, particularly at workstations, thereby slowing down the throughput of storage boxes through the inventory processing station components. Preferably, the at least one box lifting device includes two parallel arms engageable with the bottom wall of the storage container, and a lifting mechanism arranged vertically to move the two parallel arms from the lowest layer below the conveyor system to the highest layer above the conveyor system (i.e., upward toward the grid). This allows the loading processing equipment operating on the grid (e.g., tracks) to subsequently retrieve the storage boxes or containers waiting at the highest layer by grasping them and lifting them into the container receiving space of the loading processing equipment. This allows the box lifting device, and thus the inventory processing station component, to be separated from the aforementioned grid frame structure, for example, disconnected. The box lifting device allows one or more storage containers to accumulate vertically in a buffer as they pass through the access station. This increases the throughput of storage boxes passing through the access station and thus improves the efficiency of the inventory processing station component of the present invention in processing or fulfilling orders when used as a picking station and / or replenishing inventory when used as a supply station.

[0041] To enable one or more storage bins or containers to be vertically stacked in the buffer, preferably, the distance between the two parallel arms is greater than the width of the exit conveyor unit. This allows the two parallel arms to descend vertically through the exit conveyor unit in the buffer. Thus, once a storage bin has been lifted above the conveyor system and picked up by the loading processing equipment operating on the grid, the two parallel arms are instructed to descend through the exit conveyor unit in preparation for lifting another storage bin or container waiting on the exit conveyor unit. The ability of the two parallel arms to descend through the storage bin or container waiting on the exit conveyor unit in the buffer allows the lifting arms to position themselves below and engage with the bottom wall of the storage bin.

[0042] Preferably, the at least one vertical chute includes at least two vertical guides for vertically guiding storage containers along the at least one vertical chute, and each of the at least two vertical guides is receptacle-received in a grid post of a grid frame structure. More preferably, each of the at least two vertical guides of the vertical chute includes two vertical plates extending along the length of the vertical chute. The at least two vertical guides of each of the at least one vertical chute facilitate guiding storage bins or containers lowered by the loading and handling equipment onto the inlet conveyor unit in the supply area. Preferably, the at least two vertical guides are spaced apart to engage with the grid posts, and more specifically, the upright posts of the grid frame structure are arranged to engage with the at least two vertical guides. This allows the loading and handling equipment operating on the grid to lower storage bins or containers through the grid units and descend along the vertical chute, and then onto the inlet conveyor unit in the supply area. Preferably, the at least one vertical chute includes four vertical guides that engage with the four corners of the storage container. More preferably, the inventory handling station assembly includes sidewalls surrounding each of the at least one vertical chute.

[0043] According to another aspect of the present invention, a fulfillment / replenishment system is provided, comprising:

[0044] A) A storage and retrieval system, the storage and retrieval system comprising a grid frame structure, the grid frame structure comprising:

[0045] a) Several upright posts, arranged to form several grid posts, for stacking one or more containers between the upright posts and guided vertically by the upright posts.

[0046] Among them, several upright columns are interconnected at their tops by a first set of grid members extending in a first direction and a second set of grid members extending in a second direction. The second set of grid members runs laterally to the first set of grid members in a basically horizontal plane to form a grid including several grid cells or grid spaces.

[0047] The first and second sets of grid components respectively support the first and second sets of tracks at higher levels of the grid frame structure, used to load processing equipment and move one or more containers on the grid frame structure.

[0048] b) One or more containers stored in one or more grid columns, each of the one or more containers comprising one or more goods having characteristic attributes.

[0049] c) Remote operation to move one or more loading and processing devices of one or more containers stored in a grid frame structure, each of the one or more loading and processing devices comprising:

[0050] i) A wheel assembly used to guide the loading and processing equipment on the grid;

[0051] ii) The container receiving space located above the grid; and

[0052] iii) Lifting individual containers from the stack to the lifting equipment in the container receiving space.

[0053] B) The inventory processing station component of the present invention, wherein one or more loading processing devices are remotely operated to move one or more containers stored in a grid frame structure into and / or out of the inventory processing station component.

[0054] For the purposes of this invention, the storage and retrieval system and the inventory processing station component are considered as separate parts. However, the invention is not limited to the inventory processing station component forming a separate part of the storage and retrieval system, and the inventory processing station component can be formed as part of the storage and retrieval system. In both cases, the fulfillment / replenishment system includes the storage and retrieval system and the inventory processing station component. The goods can be any cargo or grocery items. Goods or items can be bundled together in parcels or bags for shipment to customers.

[0055] Preferably, the plurality of grid posts include a first set of grid posts and a second set of grid posts, wherein the first set of grid posts is arranged to store one or more containers in a stack, and wherein the inventory processing station assembly is arranged below the second set of grid posts such that at least one vertical chute and at least one box lifting device are arranged below at least one grid post, such that in use, a loading processing device operating at a higher level of the grid frame structure can lower containers along at least one vertical chute via at least one grid post, and at least one box lifting device is operable to lift containers to be picked into the container receiving space of the loading processing unit via at least one grid post.

[0056] Not all grid posts are used for storing one or more containers between upright posts; rather, they include locations (also called ports) where loading processing equipment can place and / or pick storage boxes or containers, and the grid post containing a port can be called a delivery post, where one or more storage boxes or containers are delivered to the supply area. Similarly, the grid post containing a port used for picking storage boxes or containers can be called a retrieval post, i.e., a location for retrieving one or more storage boxes from the buffer. A first set of grid posts is arranged to form one or more vertical storage locations for stacking one or more containers between upright posts, and a second set of grid posts is arranged to engage with at least one chute, and at least one box lifting device is arranged to receive and discharge one or more storage containers or boxes from the inventory processing station component. More specifically, the second set of grid posts includes at least one delivery post and at least one retrieval post. At least one delivery post is configured to engage with at least one chute in the supply area, and at least one box lifting device is arranged to engage with at least one retrieval post.

[0057] Preferably, the inventory handling station assembly is arranged below the second set of grid posts, such that each of at least one vertical chute and at least one box lifting device is arranged below at least one grid post, so that in use, loading and handling equipment operating at a higher level of the grid frame structure can lower containers along at least one vertical chute via the first grid post, and at least one box lifting device is operable to lift containers to be picked into the container receiving space of the loading and handling unit via the second grid post. Preferably, one or more vertical chutes are arranged to receive in one or more grid posts of the second set of grid posts. More preferably, the second set of grid posts is supported by a mezzanine. For example, grids from an adjacent grid frame structure are arranged to extend through the top of the mezzanine to create a service area below it for picking stations and / or dumping stations. The mezzanine is supported by one or more vertical support beams (i.e., I-beams).

[0058] Preferably, the fulfillment / replenishment system further includes a bagging station comprising a table having a surface for supporting one or more bags and a user interface communicating with the bagging station control system. In one aspect of the invention, one or more items of a given order, picked from one or more storage bins or containers in an access station, are transferred into one or more bags for delivery to a customer. At least one user interface communicating with the bagging station control system provides an input device to confirm the fulfillment of the order items picked from one or more storage bins or containers in the access station, i.e., to confirm that the order items have been picked and bagged. This operation is repeated until all items of the order have been fulfilled. Thus, each time one or more items are picked and bagged, the operator confirms the fulfillment of one or more items of the order via an input device, preferably via the user interface communicating with the bagging station control system. The bagging station control system may be separate from a central control system that relates to information about where containers or suitcases are picked and delivered within the grid frame structure, and / or separate from a control system that controls the quantity or inventory stored in the storage and retrieval system, or some or all of these functions may be combined in the same control system.

[0059] Preferably, the table is divided into one or more spaces or compartments by one or more partitions, each of which includes a user interface. Multiple orders for one or more items can be separated on the table by one or more partitions. The partitions are used to separate one or more bags on the table surface. Separation can be based on different customer orders or on attributes associated with the same order, such as frozen, refrigerated, or ambient temperature items. Optionally, each of the one or more bags is an independent bag. Confirmation that items have been picked can be used to update the inventory control system, which includes an inventory database of remaining inventory or stock in the storage system.

[0060] One or more bags, including fulfilled orders, can optionally be shipped over a counter for pickup by a customer or courier. Optionally, the one or more bags can be transferred to several electronically controlled lockers, each including a compartment sized to hold one or more bags. As is known in the art, electronically controlled lockers can be used in conjunction with a range of e-commerce platforms where goods purchased online are transported from a fulfillment or distribution center to a customer-accessible collection point, such as a click-to-pickup model. As taught in UK patent application GB2004400.4 (OcadoInnovation Limited) (the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference), fulfilled orders are stored in electronically controlled lockers accessible to the purchasing customer or courier. Other embodiments using electronically controlled lockers are taught in GB240712B (Bearbox Limited), EP1366442B1, and EP2375386A2 (ByBox Holdings Limited).

[0061] The loading and handling equipment preferably includes a control unit that receives control signals from a radio communication unit of a control system or a central control system, which relates to information regarding the location of containers or suitcases being picked and delivered within the grid frame structure. The control system may be separate from, or the same as, the control system controlling the quantity or inventory stored in the storage and retrieval system.

[0062] When used as a picking station, the control system is instructed to locate and retrieve one or more storage containers of one or more items from a storage order and deliver them to the supply area of ​​the inventory processing station component of the present invention. They are then transported along a conveyor system to the picking station, where items are picked from the storage containers or bins into delivery containers. Storage bins or containers with remaining items are then returned to their assigned locations within the grid frame structure. When the access station is used as a dumping station or supply station to replenish inventory in storage bins or containers, loading processing equipment is instructed to retrieve one or more storage containers from their assigned grid columns or storage columns. These can be empty storage containers or storage containers storing one or more items with a specific SKU (Stock Keeping Unit). Items such as grocery items have characteristic attributes as goods, such as manufacturer, brand, style, color, and / or size. Different items can be distinguished from each other by these characteristic attributes. An embodiment of the attributes used by retailers to identify different inventory or stock is an inventory control unit or SKU.

[0063] One or more storage containers are moved to a dumping or supply station within the inventory processing unit, where goods for a specific SKU are loaded into one or more storage containers or bins. The loaded storage bins or containers are then moved by a conveyor system to a buffer zone where they are vertically accumulated until the loading processing equipment or robot is free to return the storage bins or containers to their appropriate location within the grid frame structure, i.e., stored in grid pillars or storage pillars.

[0064] Traditionally, when fulfilling an order for one or more items, a control system includes one or more processors and a memory storing instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processors, the control system is configured to instruct one or more loading processing devices to retrieve one or more bins or containers for each item in the order. Therefore, when fulfilling an order for multiple different items, the control system is configured to retrieve multiple bins or containers for each of the multiple different items identified in the order. While this applies to situations where multiple loading processing devices operate on a grid-frame structure capable of retrieving multiple bins or containers to complete a single order of several items, it differs from situations where multiple orders containing several items need to be fulfilled within a tight timeframe, and / or where a limited number of loading processing devices are available to retrieve the necessary bins or containers to fulfill multiple orders. For example, there is a tendency in traditional online retail to ship orders immediately within a tight timeframe, such as within hours of receiving the order, compared to fulfilling orders over several days. Convenience retail is particularly prevalent when orders consist of staple grocery items such as milk, cheese, beverages, etc.

[0065] In another aspect of the fulfillment / replenishment system of the present invention, the storage and retrieval system further includes:

[0066] A control system, comprising one or more processors and a memory storing instructions, wherein when the one or more processors execute instructions in response to a plurality of received orders, each of the plurality of orders comprising one or more goods, such that the one or more processors:

[0067] i) Grouping or organizing several orders based on at least one attribute of one or more goods that are common across the orders;

[0068] ii) Generate a signal to instruct the loading processing equipment to retrieve the first container containing one or more goods common to several orders;

[0069] iii) Generate a signal to instruct the loading and handling equipment to lower the first container along at least one vertical chute via at least one grid post.

[0070] iv) Instruct the conveyor system to transport the first container to the access station, so that one or more items common to several orders can be transferred to several delivery containers associated with several orders.

[0071] v) Instruct the conveyor system to transport the first container to the buffer zone.

[0072] For the purposes of this invention, the attributes of the goods correspond to specific characteristics of the goods, such as manufacturer, brand, style, color, and size, and are typically identified by a characteristic inventory control unit (SKU). For example, a specific brand of cheese will be identified by a characteristic SKU. To reduce the number of trips that one or more loading processing devices must undertake to retrieve multiple storage boxes or containers to fulfill several orders, the control system includes one or more processors and a memory storing instructions that, when executed in response to received orders, cause the one or more processors to group or organize the orders based on at least one attribute of one or more goods common across the orders. In the case where one or more goods are grocery goods, the one or more grocery goods are common or shared across the orders. Here, multiple orders are organized or grouped together based on each of the multiple orders, including orders for specific grocery goods (e.g., cheese with specific attributes) shared across the multiple orders. The control system instructs the loading and processing equipment to extract individual storage bins or containers, the contents of which include grocery goods (such as cheese with specific properties), thereby sharing the contents of storage bins or containers across several orders.

[0073] By grouping or organizing several orders based on at least one attribute of one or more items common to several orders, the goods in a single storage bin or container can be shared among multiple orders. This eliminates the need to repeatedly retrieve the same storage bin or container from a grid frame structure for multiple different orders. By organizing or grouping several orders based on at least one attribute of one or more items common to several orders, the control system can generate signals to instruct the loading processing equipment to retrieve a first container storing one or more items common to several orders, generate signals to instruct the loading processing equipment to lower the first container along at least one vertical chute via at least one grid post, and instruct the conveyor system to transport the first container to an access station, such that one or more items common to several orders can be shared among several delivery containers associated with several orders. For example, a delivery container can be a bag. By grouping or organizing several orders based on at least one attribute of one or more items common to several orders, the goods from a single storage bin or container can be shared in multiple delivery containers (e.g., picked simultaneously), thus saving processing time for fulfilling multiple orders. For the purposes of this invention, the grid column containing at least one vertical chute is referred to as a delivery column, and the grid column containing at least one box lifting device is referred to as an extraction column.

[0074] Preferably, the control system is further configured to cause one or more processors to execute instructions:

[0075] v) Generate a signal to instruct the loading processing equipment to retrieve a second container that stores one or more goods common to several orders;

[0076] vi) Generate a signal to instruct the loading processing equipment to lower the second container along at least one vertical chute via at least one grid post.

[0077] vii) Instruct the conveyor system to transport the second container to the access station, so that one or more goods common to several orders can be transferred to several delivery containers associated with several orders;

[0078] viii) Instructs the conveyor system to transport the second container to the buffer.

[0079] Preferably, the control system is further configured to cause one or more processors to execute instructions to generate signals to instruct one or more loading processing devices to extract the first and second containers from the buffer via at least one extraction column.

[0080] To further improve the efficiency of fulfilling multiple orders, preferably, the first container includes one or more goods having a first attribute and one or more goods having a second attribute, wherein the one or more goods having the first attribute and / or the one or more goods having the second attribute are common across several orders. In this case, the control system is able to organize or group multiple or several orders with multiple different goods based on multiple different goods or at least one good in each of the several orders that are common or shared among several orders. By storing multiple different goods in a single storage box or container (where each different good has a characteristic attribute), the control system is able to locate and retrieve the single storage box or container, wherein the contents of the storage box or container can be shared across multiple orders. This increases the possibility that the contents of the storage box or container can be shared across several orders. Therefore, less loading and processing equipment is needed to retrieve the storage box or container to fulfill orders with one or more goods.

[0081] Preferably, the fulfillment / replenishment system's storage and retrieval system further includes an order database containing data associated with several orders for one or more items.

[0082] The control system is configured to access an order database to group or organize several orders based on at least one attribute of one or more goods that are common to several orders.

[0083] Preferably, the fulfillment / replenishment system's storage and retrieval system further includes an inventory database that includes data on at least one attribute of one or more goods.

[0084] To improve the efficiency of handling storage bins or containers through the inventory processing station components, at least one bin lifting device includes a first bin lifting device and a second bin lifting device. The control system is configured to instruct the conveyor system to transport containers to either the first or second bin lifting device, depending on the occupancy status of the first and second bin lifting devices. More preferably, the occupancy status of the first and second bin lifting devices is determined by one or more sensors in the first and second bin lifting devices. For example, the one or more sensors may be photoelectric sensors based on emitting and receiving light (through-beam sensors, reflection sensors, or proximity sensors). In response to signals from one or more sensors in the bin lifting devices, the control system can determine the occupancy status of the bin lifting devices and, if necessary, redirect the storage bins or containers to the second bin lifting device to provide some free space in the buffer zone. This can be achieved by changing the orientation of the storage bins or containers in the buffer zone.

[0085] This invention provides a method for fulfilling multiple orders using the fulfillment / replenishment system of this invention, each of the multiple orders comprising one or more goods, the method comprising the following steps:

[0086] i) Grouping or organizing several orders based on several orders that include one or more items, wherein the one or more items have at least one attribute common to each of the several orders.

[0087] ii) Identify a first container comprising one or more goods, the one or more goods having at least one attribute common to each of the plurality of orders.

[0088] iii) Instruct one or more loading and handling devices to extract a first container storing one or more goods from the grid frame structure.

[0089] iv) Lower the first container into the supply area via at least one vertical chute.

[0090] v) Transport the first container to the access station.

[0091] vi) Transferring one or more goods from the first container to several delivery containers associated with several orders;

[0092] vii) Transport the first container to the buffer.

[0093] viii) Lift the first container toward the grid.

[0094] ix) Instructs one or more load processing devices operating on the grid to extract the first container from the buffer and return the first container to the grid frame structure.

[0095] When an order for one or more items is received, or when it is necessary to pick all or part of the items required to fulfill an order, the control system associated with the inventory processing station component of the present invention can request the retrieval of any storage bin or container containing the items to be picked at an access station serving as a picking station. Such storage bins or containers can be retrieved from one or more stacks in a corresponding portion of the grid frame structure and conveyed to the inventory processing station component by lifting the storage bin or container via an overhead loading processing device operating on the grid, and conveyed to a port where it is lowered from a delivery column of the grid frame structure. At least one chute in the supply area is configured to cooperate with the delivery column to receive the storage bin. Similarly, at least one bin lifting device is configured to cooperate with the retrieval column to raise the storage bin or container to a level to be picked by the loading processing device and thus leave the buffer zone.

[0096] Several orders may include a first order for one or more goods and a second order for one or more goods. The first storage box or container includes one or more goods having attributes common or shared between the first and second orders. The method further includes the following steps:

[0097] i) Identify a second container comprising one or more goods, wherein the one or more goods have at least one attribute common to each of the plurality of orders.

[0098] ii) Instruct one or more loading and handling devices to extract a second container storing one or more goods from the grid frame structure.

[0099] iii) The second container is lowered into the supply area via at least one vertical chute.

[0100] iv) Transport the second container to the access station.

[0101] v) Transferring one or more goods from a second container to several delivery containers associated with several orders;

[0102] vi) Transport the second container to the buffer.

[0103] vii) Lift the second container toward the grid.

[0104] viii) instructs one or more load processing devices operating on the grid to extract a second container from the buffer and return the second container to the grid frame structure.

[0105] Preferably, the delivery container or box is a bag. The method further includes the step of transferring one or more items from one or more containers to one or more bags. Optionally, one or more bags of fulfilled orders, including one or more items, are transported to one or more electronically controlled lockers, in which they are stored in one or more compartments for pickup by a customer or courier.

[0106] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for storing or replenishing one or more goods using a fulfillment / replenishment system according to the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0107] i) Transferring the inventory of one or more goods to one or more containers at the access station.

[0108] ii) Move one or more containers containing one or more goods to the buffer zone.

[0109] iii) Lift one or more containers containing one or more goods toward the grid in the buffer zone.

[0110] iv) Instruct one or more loading processing devices to retrieve one or more containers containing one or more goods from the buffer and transport one or more containers to the grid frame structure.

[0111] In this aspect of the invention, the access station of the inventory processing station component of the invention also serves as a replenishment station. Palletized goods or other batches of goods arrive at the replenishment station. For example, pallets can be unloaded from a truck and transported by wheels to the inventory processing station component, which also serves as a storage or replenishment station. Upon removal or opening of any packaging, one or more goods are transferred to one or more storage bins or containers in the access station. Depending on the type of goods, and as described above, each of the one or more goods will be categorized using a specific SKU or unit of inventory. As is known in the art, retailers use SKUs or units of inventory to identify and track their inventory or stock. An SKU is a unique code consisting of letters and numbers used to identify characteristics of each item, such as manufacturer, brand, style, color, and size. This can be recorded in a barcode. Specific types of goods are grouped together based on their SKUs. In one aspect of the invention, a loading processing device operating on a grid frame structure is instructed to extract storage bins from uprights in the grid frame structure. This can be an empty storage bin or container, or a partially empty storage bin or container, storing the same type of goods or goods with the same SKU as the palletized goods. The method further includes the steps of instructing one or more loading processing devices to extract one or more containers from the grid frame structure, lowering the one or more containers to a supply area via at least one vertical chute, and subsequently transporting the one or more containers from the supply area to an access station, which also serves as a storage station. In another aspect of the invention, fresh storage bins or containers can be introduced into the grid frame structure via the access station. In both cases, one or more goods are loaded into storage bins or containers and fed into the grid frame structure via a buffer. Preferably, the method further includes the step of weighing one or more containers at the access station. This is to ensure that the weight of the storage bin or container does not exceed a preset weight required for the storage bin or container in the safety lifting buffer and / or the lifting device of the loading processing device. Typically, the lifting device of the loading processing device, including one or more motors, is rated to lift a preset weight beyond which the lifting device will have difficulty lifting the container. The weight of each storage bin or container in the access station is measured by a weighing sensor (e.g., a load sensor). Optionally, if the weight of the storage box or container exceeds a preset weight, the conveyor system is instructed to prevent the storage box or container from being transported to the buffer zone. Attached Figure Description

[0112] Other features and aspects of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0113] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the mesh framework structure of a known system.

[0114] Figure 2 is a top view showing the stacking of boxes arranged within the frame structure of Figure 1;

[0115] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a system of known loading and processing equipment operating on a grid frame structure;

[0116] Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of the loading and processing equipment, showing the lifting device clamping the container from above;

[0117] Figures 5(a) and 5(b) are schematic cross-sectional views of the loading and processing equipment of Figure 4, showing (a) the container receiving space of the loading and processing equipment and (b) the container housed in the container receiving space of the loading and processing equipment.

[0118] Figure 6 This is a front perspective view of an inventory processing station component according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0119] Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 A perspective view of the frame of the inventory processing station components shown;

[0120] Figure 8 This is a top view of a conveyor system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0121] Figure 9 This is a top view of a conveyor system according to another specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0122] Figure 10 This is a top plan view of the fulfillment center, which incorporates a mezzanine to house the inventory processing station components according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0123] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the operation steps of a picking station according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0124] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of the operation steps of a replenishment station according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0125] Figure 13 This is a component block diagram of an execution system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0126] Figure 14a This is a perspective view of an inventory processing station component incorporating a bagging station according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0127] Figure 14b It shows Figure 6 or Figure 14a A perspective view of the rear of the inventory processing station components shown;

[0128] Figure 15 This is a flowchart illustrating the calculation steps for organizing or grouping several orders according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0129] Figure 16 This is a perspective view of a storage box or container according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0130] Figure 17 This is a perspective view of a storage box or container according to another specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0131] The present invention is designed based on known features of storage systems (e.g., referring to the grid frame structure and loading / processing equipment described above in Figures 1 to 5). In a typical fulfillment center, a wide variety of goods (e.g., grocery goods) are stored in storage bins or containers, and these bins or containers are stored in one or more stacks within a grid frame structure, more specifically, in grid columns. A grid column is formed by several upright columns arranged in a vertical storage location. Individual containers can be stacked in vertical hierarchies, and their positions within the grid frame structure or “honeycomb” can be represented using three-dimensional coordinates to indicate the location of the loading / processing equipment or container and the container depth (e.g., the container is at (X, Y, Z), depth W). Similarly, positions within a mesh frame structure can be represented in two dimensions to indicate the location and depth of the loaded processing equipment or container (e.g., container depth (e.g., container at (X, Y), depth Z)). For example, Z=1 represents the topmost layer of the mesh frame structure, immediately below the track system; Z=2 is the second layer below the track system; and so on down to the bottommost layer of the mesh frame structure. Most mesh pillars in a mesh frame structure are storage pillars.

[0132] An order fulfillment system includes a box or container filling station, a storage and retrieval system, several order picking stations, an order container handling and sorting system, and shipping facilities. An order fulfillment system is specifically described in PCT / IB2014 / 062165 (Ocado Innovation Limited), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. In an order fulfillment system such as PCT / IB2014 / 062165 (Ocado Innovation Limited), a single container is stored in the storage and retrieval system and may contain one or more items, which may be identical. The storage and retrieval system includes a grid frame structure in which storage boxes or containers are stored in grid columns.

[0133] To pick orders comprising various items, it is typically necessary to retrieve items from multiple source containers. These containers can be retrieved from a storage and retrieval system and delivered to the desired order picking system. The specific container required to fulfill the order is accessed by a robotic loading and handling device operating on a grid frame structure. The loading and handling device preferably includes a control unit that receives control signals from a radio communication unit of a control system or central control system, which relates to information regarding where to pick and deliver storage bins or containers within the grid frame structure. The control system controls the operation of one or more loading and handling devices operating on the grid frame structure and includes one or more processors, memory (e.g., read-only memory and random access memory), and a communication bus. The memory can be any storage device known in the art, including but not limited to RAM, computer-readable media, magnetic storage media, optical storage media, or other electronic storage media that can be used to store data and accessed by one or more processors.

[0134] At least one grid post is not used for storing containers and typically includes a location where loading and handling equipment can drop and / or pick storage containers or boxes from a picking or supply station outside the grid frame structure. In the art, this location is typically referred to as a "port" and corresponds to the grid cell where the storage box or container is dropped or picked. Depending on the location of the port, which is used for dropping or picking storage containers, the grid post containing the port may be referred to as a "delivery post" at the unloading port and a "retrieval post" at the picking port.

[0135] As is well known in the art, goods in inventory are identified and tracked by unique codes called SKUs (Stock Keeping Units). These codes identify the characteristic attributes of each item in inventory, such as manufacturer, brand, style, color, and size, and help distinguish different types of goods in inventory or stock, such as a specific brand of cheese. When a retailer takes stock of its inventory, it counts the quantity of each SKU. Palletized goods or other batches of goods arrive at container filling or replenishment stations. For example, pallets of goods may be removed from trucks or other transport vehicles at an order processing / fulfillment center and then transported by wheels to one or more storage bins or container filling stations. Typically, filling stations include trolleys, conveyors, carts, etc., for loading several storage bins or containers. Filling stations can receive empty or partially filled storage containers. When the required storage container or bin inventory is complete, the storage container can be transferred to a storage depot in the storage and retrieval system (e.g., via a conveyor) and stored therein until an order needs to be fulfilled. For example, storage bins or containers can be fed into the unloading port and lowered to the picking station via an overhead loading handling device operating on a grid frame structure, where one or more items of an order can be picked to the destination or delivered to the container.

[0136] The storage control and communication system is used to monitor inventory to track the location of corresponding storage bins or containers within the grid frame structure and the contents of each bin or container. The storage control and communication system can also form part of or communicate with a control system or central control system for controlling loading and handling equipment that is instructed to pick the required storage bins or containers from within the grid frame structure and deliver them to the desired location or unloading port on the grid frame structure at the desired time without collisions with other loading and handling equipment operating on the grid frame structure.

[0137] In a specific embodiment of the invention, the picking station also functions as a replenishment station. For the purposes of this invention, the picking / replenishment station may be referred to as an inventory processing station component, which has access stations that can be used as picking stations and / or replenishment stations. The inventory processing station component works in conjunction with a storage and retrieval system to provide a fulfillment system for fulfilling one or more orders. Figure 6 In the specific embodiment shown, the inventory processing station assembly 60 includes one or more chutes 62 forming a supply area 64, an access station 66, and one or more box lifting devices 68 forming a buffer zone 70. Referring to their names, the one or more chutes 62 allow loading processing equipment operating on the grid frame structure 14b to lower storage boxes or containers without any assistance from the one or more chutes 62. Under gravity, the storage boxes or containers are allowed to descend from the chutes 62 under their own weight and / or be lowered by the lifting or winch mechanism of the loading processing equipment.

[0138] One or more items are picked or loaded from one or more storage bins or containers in access station 66, depending on whether access station 66 is used as a picking station or a replenishment station. One or more chutes 62 and one or more box lifting devices 68 are arranged to cooperate with the above grid frame structure 14b. The grid frame structure 14b includes a plurality of uprights located in one or more vertical planes and is arranged to form a plurality of vertical positions or vertical grid columns 15 for containers to be guided vertically by the plurality of uprights. The plurality of vertical grid columns extend through one or more chutes 62 and one or more box lifting devices 68 of the inventory handling station assembly 60 (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 6Several upright columns are interconnected at their tops by a first set of grid members extending in a first direction and a second set of grid members extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members running transversely to the first set of grid members in a substantially horizontal plane to form a grid comprising several grid cells or grid spaces. The size of the several grid cells allows storage bins to enter or exit the grid cells. The several grid cells include unloading ports and picking ports, the picking ports being arranged to mate with one or more chutes 62 and one or more bin lifting devices 68, respectively. More specifically, the grid columns containing the unloading ports (delivery columns 15b) and picking ports (retrieval columns 15c) are arranged to mate with one or more chutes 62 and one or more bin lifting devices 68 of the inventory handling station assembly 60, respectively.

[0139] The inventory processing station component 60 of the present invention is arranged as a stand-alone station, which can be easily adapted to existing grid frame structures and thus can cooperate with overhead grids. For example, at least one chute and at least one box lifting device can be aligned with one or more grid posts, allowing storage containers or boxes to easily pass through the grid posts into at least one chute. Similarly, storage boxes or containers can be lifted from at least one box lifting device and pass through the grid posts. The inventory processing station component 60 can be a modular structure, wherein the supply area 64, access station 66, and buffer zone 70 can be formed as modules assembled together. Thus, the inventory processing station component 60 is not dependent on being connected to the grid frame structure, but can be formed as a separate part of the grid frame structure. Adapting the versatility of the inventory processing station to existing grid frame structures allows the inventory processing station component to be assembled in various centers, ranging from large distribution centers handling thousands of items to small convenience stores fulfilling a smaller proportion of orders. For example, the inventory processing station component can form part of a back office setup, where orders are fulfilled in the back office before being shipped to customers or couriers or counters.

[0140] Refer again Figure 6 and 7The inventory processing station assembly 60 includes a freestanding frame that divides the assembly into a supply area 64, a buffer zone 70, and an access station 66. One or more chutes 62 in the supply area 64 include at least two vertical guides 72 that are received in grid posts 15b and arranged to guide storage bins or containers down from the grid posts 15b via unloading ports into the supply area 64. By definition, the grid post containing the unloading port in the grid is referred to as the delivery post 15b. Similarly, the grid post containing the picking port in the grid is referred to as the retrieval post 15c. In a particular embodiment of the invention, each of the one or more chutes 62 includes four guides 72 that are received in the grid posts 15b of the grid frame structure 14b. Each guide 72 includes two vertical plates (two container guide plates perpendicular to each other) extending longitudinally along the length of the chute. Figure 7 As shown, one end of each guide is arranged to extend into the grid post or delivery post 15b and abut against the four upright posts constituting the grid post. Thus, the storage box or container lowered from the unloading port is guided by the guide 72 from the chute 62 of the supply area 64 via the delivery post 15b downwards (to the location of the unloading port).

[0141] Sidewalls or panels 74 are mounted on the exterior of at least two vertical guides 72 to surround the vertical chute 62. The sidewalls or panels 74 provide protection for the operator from the risk of one or more storage bins or containers falling from the chute 62 in the supply area 64. Figure 7 In the specific embodiment shown, a first portion of the guide is covered by a sidewall or panel 74, and a second portion of the guide is received in the delivery post 15b. This allows the sidewall or panel 74 to provide a seamless transition from the delivery post 15b to the chute 62 of the inventory handling station assembly 60.

[0142] Conveyor system 76 transports storage boxes or containers from supply area 64 to access station 66, and then to buffer zone 70, where the storage boxes or containers are vertically accumulated for picking by loading and handling equipment operating on grid frame structure 14b, and returned to their original destination or new destination within the grid frame structure. In a particular embodiment of the invention, conveyor system 76 includes several conveyor units (i.e., inlet conveyor unit 78), at least one access conveyor unit 80, and an outlet conveyor unit 82, arranged to transport storage boxes or containers from supply area 64 via access station 66 to buffer zone 70. Storage boxes or containers pause at access station 66, which serves as a picking or replenishment station. The multiple conveyor units are arranged adjacent to or connected to each other, such that storage boxes are transported from one conveyor unit to an adjacent conveyor unit as they travel along conveyor system 76.

[0143] In a specific embodiment of the invention, the inlet conveyor unit 78 is arranged in the supply area 64, and more specifically, the inlet conveyor unit 78 is arranged in each of one or more chutes 62. Figure 7 As shown, the inlet conveyor unit 78, at least one inlet conveyor unit 80, and the outlet conveyor unit 82 are on the same horizontal plane. Similarly, the outlet conveyor unit 82 is arranged in a buffer zone 70. Each conveyor unit may include any suitable arrangement of belts, chains, and / or rollers known in the field of conveyor systems. Figure 7 In the specific embodiment of the invention shown, the inlet conveyor unit 78, at least one access conveyor unit 80, and the outlet conveyor unit 82 include a plurality of roller conveyors for transporting storage boxes or containers along a path on the conveyor system 76. The inlet conveyor unit 78, at least one access conveyor unit 80, and the outlet conveyor unit 82 are arranged such that the path or transport direction of the storage boxes or containers can follow as follows: Figure 8 The U-shaped path shown or Figure 9 The L-shaped path shown. (As shown in the image) Figure 7 As shown, the conveyor system 76 is mounted on a roller frame. The inlet conveyor unit 78 and the outlet conveyor unit 82 are arranged to house a single storage box at the top.

[0144] like Figure 8 As shown, the path or transport direction of the inlet conveyor unit 78 can be parallel to or relative to the path or transport direction of the outlet conveyor unit 82, such that the path or transport direction of at least one access conveyor unit 80 is perpendicular to or orthogonal to the paths or transport directions of both the inlet conveyor unit 78 and the outlet conveyor unit 82. In other words, the storage box or container travels along the conveyor system 76 in a U-shaped path, meaning the storage box changes direction twice along the conveyor system. Optionally and as... Figure 9 As shown, the path or transport direction of the outlet conveyor unit 82 extends longitudinally in the same transport direction as at least one access conveyor unit 80, meaning that the outlet conveyor unit 82 is an extension of at least one access conveyor unit 80. Here, the path or transport direction of the inlet conveyor unit 78 is perpendicular to or orthogonal to the paths or transport directions of both the at least one access conveyor unit 80 and the outlet conveyor unit 82, such that storage boxes or containers travel along the conveyor system 76 in an L-shaped path, meaning that the storage boxes or containers change direction once as they travel from the supply area to the buffer zone. Figure 6 and 7In a specific embodiment of the invention shown, the conveyor system is arranged such that the path or transport direction of the storage bins can follow a U-shaped and an L-shaped path along the conveyor system 76. The combination of the U-shaped and L-shaped paths allows multiple storage bins or containers to queue in a buffer zone 70 and then be lifted toward a grid for subsequent retrieval by loading processing equipment operating on tracks or rails on the grid. This allows multiple storage bins or containers to be processed through an access station 66, compared to prior art solutions. The combination of the U-shaped and L-shaped paths also allows for a relatively smaller width of the inventory processing station components for processing multiple storage bins or containers at the access station 66, compared to prior art solutions.

[0145] At least one access conveyor unit 80 extends between the inlet conveyor unit 78 and the outlet conveyor unit 82 and may include multiple conveyor units arranged adjacent to each other in a horizontal plane, such that storage bins or containers are transported along the access conveyor unit 80 from one conveyor unit to an adjacent conveyor unit. Figure 6 and 7 In the specific embodiment shown, at least one access conveyor unit 80 comprises six conveyor units. Alternatively, at least one access conveyor unit 80 may be a single conveyor unit extending between inlet conveyor unit 78 and outlet conveyor unit 82. Typically, at least one access conveyor unit 80, and optionally, one or more rollers of inlet conveyor unit 78 and / or outlet conveyor unit 82, include an integrated drive motor (not shown), while the remaining rollers may be connected to an active roller via a belt (not shown), or may be passive rollers.

[0146] Additional conveyor unit 84 located near inlet conveyor unit 78 and / or outlet conveyor unit 82 (see Figure 8 and 9 The additional conveyor unit or reversing conveyor unit 84 is integrated into at least one access conveyor unit 80. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the additional conveyor unit or reversing conveyor unit 84 includes one or more rollers or belts or chains that are transversely positioned between or interleaved with the rollers of at least one access conveyor unit, and are arranged to be driven transversely to the transport direction of at least one access conveyor unit (see [link]). Figure 8 and 9 (The arrow in the diagram). An additional conveyor unit or reversing conveyor unit 84 is lowered or raised relative to at least one access conveyor unit 80 via a lifting mechanism (not shown), such that in the raised position, the reversing conveyor unit 84 contacts the storage bin, causing the reversing conveyor unit 84 to drag or pull the storage bin from the inlet conveyor unit 78 onto at least one access conveyor unit 80. This is achieved by... Figure 8 and Figure 9The arrows in the diagram indicate this. Once on at least one access conveyor unit 80, the storage box or conveyor can be transported along at least one access conveyor unit 80 via access station 66 to buffer zone 70. A similar arrangement is shown at buffer zone 70, where a second reversing conveyor unit 84 is arranged to transport the storage box or container to exit conveyor unit 82 in buffer zone 70. While a lifting mechanism for engaging the reversing conveyor unit 84 with the storage box on the inlet conveyor unit 78 and exit conveyor unit 82 is described in a particular embodiment, other reversing conveyor units known in the art of conveyor systems are suitable for this invention, such as conveyor balls and track-mounted trolleys.

[0147] like Figure 6 As shown, the access station 66 includes a working surface 86 above at least one access conveyor unit 80 and has an opening 88 that allows an operator to access storage bins or containers on at least one access conveyor unit 80 below. As described above, depending on whether the access station 66 is used as a picking station or a replenishment station, the operator can pick or supply the required goods from the storage bins in the access station 66. In the case where at least one access conveyor unit 80 includes multiple conveyor units, the access conveyor unit 90 (composed of...) arranged below the opening 88 in the working surface 86... Figure 8 and 9 (Seen in light shading) Includes a weighing unit, or alternatively, the weighing unit may be placed anywhere along at least one access conveyor unit 80. The weighing unit is connected to at least one access conveyor unit 80 and is arranged to weigh the storage bins in the access station 66. The weighing unit may be a load sensor or any other weighing unit known in the art. A control panel (not shown) at the front of the access station 66 displays the weight of the storage bin as items are picked from or loaded into the storage bin. For example, when operating as a picking station, the weighing unit measures the weight of the storage bin or container as one or more items are picked from the storage bin. The aforementioned storage control and communication system is used to monitor the inventory or stock of a particular item by recording the weight of the storage bin as items are picked from the storage bin. This enables the storage control and communication system to track the contents of each storage bin or container stored within the grid frame structure. When the weighing unit measures and the storage control and communication system records that the contents of a specific storage bin or container with a specific attribute or SKU are low, a notification is sent to the operator (e.g., via the control panel) to replenish the storage bin.

[0148] When operating as a replenishment or supply station, fresh inventory is loaded into storage bins in access station 66 before being transferred to the grid frame structure and stored therein until needed to fulfill orders. Storage bins or containers can be delivered to the unloading port and lowered to inventory processing station assembly 60 via an overhead loading handling device operating on grid frame structure 14b, where one or more items can be loaded into storage bins or containers at access station 66. Each time items are loaded into a storage bin, the storage bin or container is weighed at access station 66. The weighing scale prevents the storage bin from being overloaded in access station 66, as this could prevent the bin lifting device and / or the lifting mechanism of the loading handling device in buffer 70 from lifting the storage bin or container. The motors of the lifting mechanisms of the loading handling device and / or the bin lifting device are rated to carry a preset weight. Once the preset weight is reached, the display on the control panel will notify the operator (i.e., via the display panel) that the weight of the specific storage bin or container has been reached, and no more items can be added to the storage bin before it is transported to buffer 70. Additionally or alternatively, the lifting mechanism of one or more box lifting devices may include a weighing unit to weigh the storage box or container as it is lifted toward the grid frame structure 14b.

[0149] To prevent one or more storage boxes or containers from clogging at access station 66, buffer zone 70 includes one or more box lifting devices 68 to allow one or more storage boxes to accumulate vertically within buffer zone 70. Box lifting device 68 includes lifting arms and lifting mechanisms. In a particular embodiment of the invention, box lifting device 68 includes one or two lifting arms 92. The space between the lifting arms 92 is wide enough to allow the exit conveyor unit 82 to pass between the lifting arms 92 as it descends. In use, the lifting arms 92 descend to the lowest level below the exit conveyor unit 82, allowing them to engage with the bottom wall of the storage box on the exit conveyor unit. The storage box or container is lifted from its lowest position on the exit conveyor unit 82 toward the grid frame structure 14b to its highest position, vertically separating the storage box from the exit conveyor unit 82. This allows a second storage box or container to enter the exit conveyor unit 82 and accumulate vertically below the storage box or container above it. The storage bin at the highest position remains in place until the loading processing equipment operating on the higher-level grid can retrieve the storage bin or container via the retrieval column 15c through the picking port. More specifically, the gripping device of the loading processing equipment can grasp the storage bin or container at the highest level and lift it into the container receiving space of the loading processing equipment. A sensor detects the retrieval of the storage bin at the highest level and sends a signal to the control system or controller to lower the lifting arm 92 below the second storage bin or container, which rests on the exit conveyor unit 82 and is then lifted to the highest level, allowing the third storage bin or container queuing in the buffer to enter the buffer 70 via the exit conveyor unit 82. The entire process is repeated as the storage bin or container enters the buffer 70.

[0150] The box lifting device 68 may include multiple vertically spaced pairs of lifting arms 92 to allow multiple storage boxes to be vertically accumulated at different heights within the buffer 70. For example, a first pair of lifting arms may be arranged to lift a first storage box to a first height, a second pair of lifting arms may be arranged to lift a second storage box to a second height, and so on. This allows multiple storage boxes to be vertically accumulated at different heights within the buffer 70. Furthermore, one or more box lifting devices 68 may be arranged adjacent to each other. To save space and reduce the coverage area of ​​the inventory handling station assembly 60, the first box lifting device may be arranged at the end of at least one access conveyor unit 80 such that storage boxes or containers can be transported to the first box lifting device along the same path as the access conveyor unit 80. If the first box lifting device is fully occupied, the storage box may be instructed to change direction and enter an adjacent second box lifting device, for example, in a direction perpendicular to the transport direction of at least one access conveyor unit. This can be achieved by controlling a reversing conveyor unit 84 adjacent to the buffer 70 to transport the storage box to the second box lifting device. Here, the control system or a separate controller monitors the occupancy status of the first and second container lifting devices and determines whether to transport the storage container to the first or second lifting device based on its occupancy status. The occupancy status of the container lifting device 68 is determined by one or more sensors to detect the presence of storage containers or containers within the lifting device. Examples of sensors include, but are not limited to, proximity sensors, such as light sensors.

[0151] The presence of multiple box lifting devices 68 allows for a greater throughput of storage boxes or containers through the inventory processing station component 60. In both cases, depending on whether the first or second box lifting device is occupied, the storage boxes follow a U-shaped or L-shaped path from the access station 66. The number of box lifting devices 68 is not limited to two, and the exit conveyor unit 82 can be arranged to allow multiple box lifting devices 68 at the receiving end of at least one access conveyor unit 80.

[0152] Similar to one or more chutes 62 in the supply area 64, one or more box lifting devices 68 include at least two guides 94 that vertically guide the storage box or container when it is lifted by the lifting arm 92. Figure 7 In the specific embodiment shown, four guides 94 are illustrated, with a portion of the guide at the top level received in the grid post or extraction post 15c where the picking port is located. Similarly, a bracket 96 can be used to connect the highest portion of the box lifting device 68 to the extraction post 15c of the grid frame structure 14b (see [link]). Figure 7The support 96 includes a guide that directs the storage bin or container into the extraction column. This allows the bin lifting device 68 to be a separate part of the aforementioned grid frame structure—and thus, it can be adapted to existing grid frame structures. One or more bin lifting devices 68 include sidewalls or panels 74 mounted on at least a portion of the exterior of the guide to surround the bin lifting device 68 and prevent components of the bin lifting device 68 from exposing the lifting arm 92.

[0153] exist Figure 10 In the known fulfillment center or distribution center 100 shown, the goods and inventory required to fulfill customer orders are located in containers or storage bins 10. One or more storage bins or containers 10 are stacked in grid posts 15a (first grid posts). The height of the grid posts varies depending on the number of storage bins or containers stacked in the grid posts. The known fulfillment center also includes a variety of other stations, including but not limited to charging stations for charging rechargeable batteries that power the loading and handling equipment on the grid, and service stations for performing routine maintenance on the loading and handling equipment. To accommodate any one of these stations or combinations thereof, a separate area 102 is provided near the grid frame structure 14. Typically, the separate area 102 is provided by incorporating a mezzanine 104 supported by vertical beams between adjacent grid frame structures 14, and is typically a freestanding structure. The mezzanine 104 provides tunnels to accommodate, for example, picking stations and / or any of the aforementioned stations. Figure 10 A grid frame structure 14 is shown on either side of a tunnel created by a mezzanine 104, which is adapted to house the inventory processing station assembly of the present invention. A grid 22 from an adjacent grid frame structure extends through the top of the mezzanine 104 to connect to the grid 22 on either side of the mezzanine 104. The inventory processing station assembly is located below grid posts 15b, 15c (second grid posts) extending through the top of the mezzanine 104, such that the grid posts 15b, 15c mate with one or more vertical chutes 62 in the supply area 64 and one or more box lifting devices 68 in the buffer zone 70. From Figure 10 It is evident that the grid posts 15b and 15c at the top of the interlayer 104 are shallower than the grid posts 15a on either side of the interlayer 104, meaning that only one or two layers of containers can be stored in the stack. Figure 10 The diagram also shows that the mezzanine is supported by individual vertical beams. The vertical beams supporting the mezzanine are connected to the grid frame structure 14 on either side of the mezzanine.

[0154] One or more loading and handling devices 30 operate on a grid or grid structure 14. The loading and handling device 30 preferably includes a control unit that receives control signals from a radio communication unit of a control system or central control system regarding the location of containers or suitcases being picked and delivered within the grid frame structure. For the purposes of this invention, the grid frame structure, the one or more loading and handling devices operating on the grid frame structure, and the control system for controlling the operation of the loading and handling devices on the grid frame structure form a storage and retrieval system. The storage and retrieval system, along with the inventory handling station components, form part of a fulfillment / replenishment system.

[0155] Figure 11 Flowchart 105 illustrates the steps of the access station 66 of the inventory processing station component 60 operating as a picking station. At the picking station, storage boxes or containers are lifted from stacks containing the inventory goods needed to fulfill customer orders by loading handling equipment 30. Once lifted by loading handling equipment 30, the storage boxes or containers are delivered by the loading handling equipment to unloading port 106, which is instructed by the control system to lower the storage boxes or containers from chute 62 to supply area 64. In supply area 64, the storage boxes are transported by conveyor system 76, where they pause at access station 66, which also serves as picking station 110. At the picking station, one or more required inventory goods can be manually or automatically removed from the storage boxes or containers and placed in delivery containers 112; delivery containers form part of the customer order and are filled at the appropriate time for shipment. The picking process is repeated until the goods needed to fulfill the order have been completed 114. Once the picking phase is complete, the storage containers are transported to a buffer 116 where they are vertically accumulated. As described above, depending on the occupancy of one or more box lifting devices, a storage box or container is lifted to its highest position, where it waits until it is retrieved by loading processing equipment operating on the grid or grid structure. This process is repeated as more storage boxes or containers are lowered into the inventory processing station assembly to fulfill multiple orders for one or more goods. Figure 11 The entire process is shown in the diagram.

[0156] The access station 66 of the inventory processing station component 60 can also serve as a dumping or replenishment station, in which palletized goods or other batches of goods with specific SKU characteristics arrive at the inventory processing station component and are loaded into storage boxes or containers. Figure 12Flowchart 119 describes the steps for replenishing storage bins or containers with inventory or goods. Storage bins or containers requiring replenishment with one or more goods can be retrieved from the repository in the grid framework structure and delivered to the inventory processing station component 120 via one or more chutes in the supply area. Alternatively or additionally, empty bins or containers can be added at the access station and then added to the storage and retrieval system. At the access station, goods with characteristic SKUs are loaded into storage bins or containers 122. The characteristic SKUs of the goods and the identifiers of the storage bins are stored in an inventory database accessible by the control system or storage control and communication system (see [link to documentation]). Figure 13 At the access station, the unloading or loading of containers continues until completion 124. At the access station, as goods are loaded into storage bins or containers, a weighing unit or load sensor measures the weight of the storage bin or container on at least one access conveyor unit 125. Steps 124 and 125 are performed simultaneously or concurrently as goods are unloaded into storage bins or containers. As described above, the weighing unit is used to determine whether the storage bin or container has reached a preset weight, exceeding which would exceed the safe lifting capacity 126 of the lifting mechanism of the loading handling equipment and / or bin lifting equipment. Once the required number of goods have been loaded into storage bins or containers, and the weight of the storage bins or containers is less than or equal to the preset weight, at least one conveyor unit is allowed to move to its queuing buffer, after which the storage bins or containers are removed by the loading handling equipment operating on the grid structure 128, 130. However, if the weight of the storage bin or container is higher than the preset weight, the operator removes one or more goods from the storage bin or container until the weight of the storage bin or container reaches the required weight or is lower than the preset weight 127. The entire process of replenishing storage boxes or containers is repeated using different goods or SKUs.

[0157] Figure 13 This is a component block diagram of the fulfillment system 132 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. Regardless of whether the access station is a picking station and / or a replenishment station, Figure 13The components of the fulfillment system shown are applicable. The operation of the loading processing device 30 on the grid is controlled by a control system or controller 134, and includes one or more processors 136, memory (e.g., read-only memory and random access memory) 140, and a communication bus 138. The control system 134 is communicatively coupled to the one or more loading processing devices 30 operating on the grid via a communication network on a wireless transmitter / receiver (not shown). For example, the communication network may be a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), or any other type of network. In a particular embodiment, the loading processing device preferably includes a control unit that receives control signals from a radio communication unit of the control system. One or more processors of the control system may execute instructions stored in ROM and / or RAM to control the movement of the one or more loading processing devices operating on the grid. The control system 134 is also communicatively coupled to the inventory processing station assembly 60. The control system 134 receives signals associated with the weight of storage bins or containers in the access station. Control system 134 can also control conveyor system 76 and / or bin lifting device 68 to control the movement of storage bins or containers as they are processed through access station 66 and / or queued in buffer 70. As is known in the art, one or more sensors (e.g., position sensors or proximity sensors) are distributed along the path of conveyor system 76 and are used to monitor the position of storage bins or containers along conveyor system 76 at different stages, such as different areas (supply area, access station, and buffer) in an inventory processing station. A user interface (not shown) communicatively coupled to control system 134 is provided at the access station to confirm the picking or loading of one or more items into storage bins or containers. For example, an operator confirms via the user interface (not shown) that items for an order have been picked from a storage bin and placed into a delivery container. The user interface sends a signal to control system 134 that the order has been fulfilled. This process is repeated until all items for an order have been fulfilled. The weight of a storage bin or container may be associated with an identifier for the storage bin or container. This identifier may also correspond to the type of goods stored in the storage bin or container or the SKU of the goods. To identify each storage box or container, preferably, each storage box or container includes a tag (e.g., an electronic tag) readable by a user interface to establish the identity of each storage box or container. Optionally, the tag may include a barcode, one-dimensional barcode, two-dimensional barcode, QR code, or RFID tag. The user interface may be a button or a graphical user interface (GUI). The identification of the storage box or container is associated with its contents through its characteristic attributes or SKU.

[0158] Data associated with one or more orders is stored in order database 142. Each order stored in order database 142 includes one or more items requested by one or more customers. Each item in an order can be characterized by distinct attributes. As mentioned above, attributes can be SKUs known in the art, which are characteristics of the item, such as manufacturer, brand, style, color, and / or size. Data associated with inventory or stock in the storage and retrieval system is stored in inventory database 144. This data includes the attributes of the items, characterized by the corresponding SKU stored in each storage bin or container and the location of the storage bin or container within the grid frame structure. The location of the storage bin or container within the grid frame structure can be represented in three dimensions using Cartesian coordinates to represent the container's location and container depth (e.g., the container is at (X, Y, Z), depth W). Optionally, control system 134 can associate one or more items of an order with the corresponding attributes of the items stored in inventory database 144.

[0159] As more orders are received, the order database 142 is dynamically updated. Similarly, the inventory database 144 is dynamically updated each time inventory is added to or removed from a storage bin or container. Each time an order for one or more items is placed, the control system 134 accesses the inventory database 144 to determine whether any item is available, the quantity of the item in the inventory database 144, and the location or orientation of one or more storage bins or containers to fulfill the order in the storage retrieval system (i.e., the grid frame structure). The control system 134 instructs one or more loading processing devices 30 via one or more processors 136 to place and retrieve one or more storage bins or containers containing the relevant items to fulfill the order.

[0160] Typically, delivery containers containing fulfilled orders are transported via conveyor, forklift, or other means to a loading point for shipment to any ordering customer. At the shipping facility, the packaging containers associated with one or more assembly orders can be sorted and delivered to a transport vehicle (such as a truck) for delivery to the customer. While this process is sufficient when order fulfillment and shipment timeframes are typically one or more days, it is less ideal when orders need to be fulfilled and shipped within one or more hours or even less (referred to as just-in-time shipping). Just-in-time shipping has become increasingly popular for the fulfillment of convenience grocery items such as milk, cheese, or bread (i.e., staple grocery items). Here, such orders are either picked up and delivered to the customer or shipped over the counter upon receipt of the order. With the development of online shopping, a multitude of different e-commerce models for ordering goods for just-in-time shipping have emerged. These range from click-to-pickup models, where customers can pick up goods purchased or selected online at a chosen store or centralized collection point, or opt for home delivery services that deliver goods directly to the customer's premises. To provide just-in-time shipping for orders, fulfillment systems can be adapted to include bagging stations where delivery containers consist of one or more bags.

[0161] Figure 14a A bagging station 146 adjacent to the inventory handling station component 60 of the present invention is shown, wherein one or more items for fulfilling an order are loaded into one or more bags 148. The bagging station 146 may be positioned immediately adjacent to the access station 66, such that items picked from one or more storage bins or containers in the access station 66 can be transferred to one or more bags 148 at the bagging station 146. As taught in GB2524383 (Ocado Innovation Limited), picking can be performed manually or by a robot. The one or more bags 148 at the bagging station 146 are separated or held in separate compartments or spaces within the bagging station by one or more partitions 150. The one or more bags 148 are supported on an elevated surface (e.g., table 152) divided into individual compartments by the partitions 150. Each partition 150 may represent a single order or a portion of an order.

[0162] Bagging station 146 allows small quantities of goods (typically convenience goods) to be immediately packed into one or more bags 148 from access station 66 before being shipped to the customer. (See above for reference.) Figure 11The process of fulfilling orders at the picking station, as described, remains applicable. The storage and retrieval system can be manufactured on a smaller scale to accommodate smaller groups of goods, typically staple or convenience items such as bread, eggs, milk, etc. At bagging station 146, the operator confirms that one or more items have been picked and transferred to bags via a user interface. Bags containing fulfilled orders can be shipped directly to the customer from the counter, rather than being handled through a shipping facility. Alternatively, with the addition of click-to-pick services, bags containing fulfilled orders can be stored in electronically controlled lockers for subsequent collection by the customer or courier. Multiple partitions 150 at bagging station 146 allow for the fulfillment of multiple orders for immediate shipment. Each compartment provided by partition 150 includes a user interface 154 to confirm the order items picked from storage bins or containers.

[0163] To identify the storage bins or containers as the loading and processing equipment lowers them into the supply area, more specifically, at least one chute includes at least one input device, more specifically, a reader, such as a linear and / or matrix barcode reader. One or more storage bins include tags readable by at least one input device for establishing the identity and contents of each of the one or more storage bins as they travel down the at least one chute. The tags on the one or more storage bins may be barcodes, one-dimensional barcodes, two-dimensional barcodes, QR codes, or RFID tags. Figure 14b The present invention is shown Figure 6 or Figure 14a The rear view of the inventory processing station component 60 shown. Figure 14b In the specific embodiment shown, three chutes 62 in the supply area 64 are illustrated. Each chute 62 includes a reader or scanner 65 to scan its label as the storage bin or container pauses on the inlet conveyor unit. The control system uses signals from the reader 65 to identify the storage bin or container and its contents in the inventory processing station assembly.

[0164] To ensure that the loading processing equipment has been instructed to retrieve the correct storage box or container to the inventory processing station component 60, signals from the reader 65 also ensure that the storage box or container delivered by the loading processing equipment is associated with the identifier of the storage box or container in the inventory processing station component 60, for example, by providing an electronic handshake between the inventory processing station component 60 and the loading processing equipment instructed to deliver the storage box or container. Typically, the location or position of each storage box or container within the grid frame structure is stored in an inventory database. When the loading processing equipment is instructed to retrieve a storage box or container to fulfill an order, the loading processing equipment is instructed to move to the location of the required storage box or container on the grid. The storage box or container is then transported to the inventory processing station component. The identifier of the storage box or container is read by the reader 65 at the supply area. This is compared with the identifier of the storage box or container indicated by the loading processing equipment to see if they are associated, in order to ensure that the correct storage box or container has been delivered to the inventory processing station component 60. To fulfill an order, the control system instructs one or more loading processing equipment operating on the grid, via one or more processors, to retrieve one or more storage boxes or containers containing the relevant goods from the storage and retrieval system. In some cases, loading and processing equipment may have to repeatedly retrieve the same storage bins or containers throughout the day to fulfill multiple orders requesting the same goods. This is particularly problematic when these goods are general convenience goods or everyday staples such as milk, cheese, bread, etc. In another aspect of the invention, a control system 134, communicating with an order database 142 and / or an inventory database 144, is instructed by one or more processors to organize or group multiple orders that share common goods types or SKUs. By grouping or organizing multiple orders, where one or more types of goods in each order are shared or common across multiple orders, the efficiency of fulfilling multiple orders is improved, thereby allowing the fulfillment system to meet the standard of just-in-time delivery. Organizational units stored in memory organize the orders so that multiple orders share one or more common goods. Figure 15 The flowchart 160 shown describes a process of organizing or grouping multiple orders based on the fact that at least one item in multiple orders is common across multiple orders. In the first step, the control system accesses data 162 associated with multiple orders in the order database. The control system compares a first order with one or more items with a second order with one or more items via one or more processors to determine if there are one or more common items between the first and second orders 164. If one or more items are common between the first and second orders 166, the control system organizes or groups the first and second orders 168. If no common items are found, the control system re-accesses the order database to look for other orders with other common items, and the control system continues processing that order as described above. Figure 11 As stated above.

[0165] After the orders are processed, the control system accesses the inventory database 170 via one or more processors to locate and subsequently retrieve the storage box or container 172 containing the contents of the storage box or container storing the relevant goods. As described above, the inventory database includes data associated with the listed goods and their characteristic attributes or SKUs, as well as the location of the storage box or container storing the goods. The order of the steps of processing the first and second orders 168 and accessing the inventory database 170 is not limited to... Figure 15 The contents shown are interchangeable. At the access station, the contents of the storage box or container are shared between the first and second orders. By sharing the storage box or container between multiple orders, the fulfillment system's ability to fulfill multiple orders is improved. Generally, goods common across multiple orders are more important when the order contains convenience goods or staple food goods.

[0166] In further improvements to enhance the efficiency of the fulfillment system, one or more storage boxes or containers 10b, 10c can store two or more different goods or SKUs (176a, 176b), such as Figure 16 and 17 As shown. Different goods can be separated in storage boxes or containers by separators 174. Here, the control system organizes several orders that share multiple common goods. For example, an algorithm can identify multiple goods that are frequently requested together, i.e., analyze the frequency distribution of ordered goods. These typically include convenience or daily staple goods with relatively short sales purchase dates, such as milk, dairy products, etc. One or more storage boxes or containers 10b, 10c can be organized in a storage and retrieval system, whereby each of the one or more storage boxes or containers can store different goods that are frequently ordered together, i.e., requests with a high frequency distribution. Based on the grouped goods that are common or shared between each order, grouped orders can be organized or grouped. By grouping or organizing multiple orders, multiple different goods are common between each order, and individual storage boxes or containers storing different goods are retrieved, the contents of which can be shared among multiple delivery containers (e.g., bags) associated with several orders. Therefore, in addition to retrieving individual storage boxes or containers for each item in multiple orders, the control system can also locate and retrieve storage boxes that can share their contents across multiple orders. This not only improves the efficiency of fulfilling multiple orders, as the control system does not need to retrieve the storage box or container for each item in a single order individually, but also significantly reduces the number of storage boxes or containers that need to be retrieved to fulfill orders. Figure 17 As shown, the more different goods or SKUs stored in a given storage box, the higher the fulfillment efficiency.

[0167] like Figure 16As shown in Figure 17, by storing different goods in one or more storage boxes or containers, such that each of the one or more storage boxes or containers stores multiple different goods, it also increases the possibility that the contents of any storage box or container in the repository can be shared among multiple delivery containers (e.g., bags) associated with several orders. For example, the storage box or container includes one or more goods with a characteristic first attribute or SKU and one or more goods with a characteristic second attribute or SKU, wherein the goods with one of the first or second attributes can be shared among several orders, more specifically, among delivery containers associated with several orders.

[0168] Table 1 is a hypothetical example of a group of five orders. Each order, labeled 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, comprises five orders for five different goods or SKUs, which have characteristic attributes labeled A, B, C, D, E, and F. Here, orders 1, 2, 3, and 5 share the same requested goods B. Orders 1, 3, and 5 additionally share the same requested goods D, i.e., generic goods B and D. To improve the efficiency of fulfilling the five orders, the control system organizes or groups orders 1, 2, 3, and 5 so that when fulfilling orders 1, 2, 3, and 5, the control system can retrieve a single storage bin or container storing goods B, wherein the contents of the storage bin or container can be shared among orders 1, 2, 3, and 5. Efficiency can be further increased by having the contents of a single storage bin or container share among orders 1, 3, and 5 when both types B and D are stored in a single storage bin or container. This will significantly speed up the fulfillment of the five orders because fewer storage bins or containers need to be repeatedly retrieved from the storage and retrieval system (grid frame structure) to fulfill multiple orders.

[0169]

[0170] Table 1 is a hypothetical example of a group of five orders.

Claims

1. An inventory processing station component (60) for a storage and retrieval system, the storage and retrieval system including a grid frame structure (14), the grid frame structure (14) comprising: A plurality of upright posts (16) are located in one or more vertical planes and arranged to form a plurality of grid posts (15) for stacking one or more containers (10) between the plurality of upright posts (16) and guided by the plurality of upright posts (16) in a vertical direction. The plurality of upright posts (16) are interconnected at their top ends by a first set of grid members (18) extending in a first direction and a second set of grid members (20) extending in a second direction. The second set of grid members (20) runs transversely to the first set of grid members (18) in a substantially horizontal plane to form a grid comprising a plurality of grid cells or grid spaces. The first and second sets of grid components (18, 20) respectively support the first and second sets of tracks (22a, 22b) at the upper level of the grid frame structure (14) for loading the processing equipment (30) to move one or more containers (10) on the grid frame structure (14); The inventory processing station component (60) includes: i) A supply area (64) includes at least one vertical chute (62) configurable to cooperate with at least one upright column (16), the at least one vertical chute (62) having a first opening for receiving a container (10) lowered by at least one loading processing device (30) through a grid cell and a second opening for allowing the container (10) to leave the supply area (64); ii) A buffer (70) for vertically accumulating one or more containers (10), comprising at least one container lifting device (68) arranged to lift the containers (10) upward toward the grid, such that the containers (10) can be retrieved by the at least one loading processing device (30) in use. iii) An access station (66) between the supply area (64) and the buffer (70) to enable access to one or more containers (10) leaving the supply area (64). iv) A conveyor system (76) configured to transport one or more containers (10) from the supply area (64) to the buffer (70) via the access station (66). The conveyor system (76) includes an inlet conveyor unit (78), an outlet conveyor unit (82), and at least one access conveyor unit (80), wherein The inlet conveyor unit (78) is arranged in the supply area (64) and is configured to transport the container (10) from the second opening of the at least one vertical chute (62) to the at least one access conveyor unit (80) in a first transport direction. The outlet conveyor unit (82) is arranged in the buffer zone (70) and configured to transport the container (10) from the at least one access conveyor unit (80) to the buffer zone (70) in a second transport direction. The at least one access conveyor unit (80) is arranged to transport the container (10) from the supply area (64) via the access station (66) to the buffer zone (70) in a third transport direction. The at least one container lifting device includes a first container lifting device and a second container lifting device. The second container lifting device is adjacent to the first container lifting device via the second transport direction of the outlet conveyor unit (82). The second transport direction is: a) Orthogonal to the first transport direction of the inlet conveyor unit (78), such that during use, the storage container moves along an L-shaped path from the supply area to the buffer zone; and b) Opposite to and parallel to the first transport direction of the inlet conveyor unit (78), such that during use, the storage container moves from the supply area to the buffer along a U-shaped path.

2. The inventory processing station component (60) according to claim 1, wherein, The access station includes a load sensor for measuring the weight of the storage containers within the access station.

3. The inventory processing station component (60) according to claim 2, wherein, The load sensor is positioned below at least one access conveyor unit.

4. The inventory processing station assembly (60) according to any of the preceding claims includes a working surface (86) disposed above the at least one access conveyor unit (80), the working surface (86) having an opening that allows access to a container (10) on at least one of the plurality of conveyor units.

5. A fulfillment / replenishment system, comprising: A) A storage and retrieval system, the storage and retrieval system comprising a grid frame structure (14), the grid frame structure (14) comprising: a) A plurality of upright posts (16), located in one or more vertical planes and arranged to form a plurality of grid posts (15), for stacking one or more containers (10) between the plurality of upright posts (16) and guided by the plurality of upright posts (16) in a vertical direction. The plurality of upright columns (16) are interconnected at their top ends by a first set of grid members (18) extending in a first direction and a second set of grid members (20) extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members (20) running transversely to the first set of grid members (18) in a substantially horizontal plane to form a grid comprising a plurality of grid cells or grid spaces. The first and second sets of grid components (18, 20) respectively support the first and second sets of tracks (22a, 22b) at the upper level of the grid frame structure (14) for loading the processing equipment (30) to move one or more containers (10) on the grid frame structure (14). b) One or more containers (10), each of the one or more containers (10) comprising one or more goods characterized by attributes. c) Remote operation to move one or more loading processing devices (30) of the one or more containers (10) stored in the grid frame structure (14), each of the one or more loading processing devices (30) comprising: i) A wheel assembly for guiding the loading and processing equipment (30) on the grid; ii) The container receiving space (40) located above the grid; and iii) Lifting a single container (10) from the stack (12) into the lifting device in the container receiving space (40), B) The inventory processing station component (60) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the one or more loading processing devices (30) are remotely operated to move the one or more containers (10) stored in the grid frame structure (14) into and / or out of the inventory processing station component (60).

6. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 5, wherein, The plurality of grid posts (15) includes a first set of grid posts and a second set of grid posts, wherein the first set of grid posts is arranged to store one or more containers (10) in a stack (12), and wherein the inventory processing station assembly (60) is arranged below the second set of grid posts such that the at least one vertical chute (62) and the at least one box lifting device (68) are arranged below at least one grid post (15) such that, in use, the loading processing device (30) operating at a high level of the grid frame structure (14) can lower the container (10) along the at least one vertical chute (62) via the at least one grid post (15), and the at least one box lifting device (68) is operable to lift the container (10) to be picked into the container receiving space (40) of the loading processing device (30) via the at least one grid post (15).

7. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 6, wherein, The second set of grid columns is supported by a mezzanine (104).

8. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein, The second set of grid columns includes at least one delivery column (15b) and at least one extraction column (15c), the at least one chute (62) is arranged below the at least one delivery column (15b), and the at least one box lifting device (68) is arranged below the at least one extraction column (15c).

9. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising a bagging station (146), the bagging station (146) including a table having a surface for supporting one or more bags (148) and at least one user interface (154) in communication with the bagging station control system.

10. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 9, wherein, The table is divided into one or more spaces by one or more partitions (150), each of the one or more spaces including the at least one user interface (154).

11. The fulfillment / replenishment system of claim 9, further comprising a plurality of electronically controllable lockers, each of the plurality of electronically controllable lockers comprising a compartment sized to accommodate the one or more bags (148).

12. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein, The storage and retrieval system further includes a control system (134), which includes one or more processors (136) and a memory (140) for storing instructions. When the one or more processors (136) execute instructions in response to a plurality of received orders, the one or more processors: i) Group or organize the orders based on at least one attribute of the one or more goods that is common to the orders; ii) Generate a signal to instruct the loading processing equipment (30) to extract the first container storing the one or more goods common to the plurality of orders; iii) Generate a signal to instruct the loading and processing device (30) to lower the first container along the at least one vertical chute (62) via the at least one grid post (15). iv) Instruct the conveyor system (76) to transport the first container to the access station (66) so that the one or more goods common to the plurality of orders can be transferred to the plurality of delivery containers associated with the plurality of orders. v) instructs the conveyor system (76) to transport the first container to the buffer (70).

13. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 12, wherein, The control system (134) is further configured to cause the one or more processors (136) to execute instructions: v) Generate a signal to instruct the loading processing equipment (30) to extract the second container storing one or more goods common to the plurality of orders; vi) Generate a signal to instruct the loading and processing device (30) to lower the second container along the at least one vertical chute (62) via the at least one grid post (15). vii) instructs the conveyor system (76) to transport the second container to the access station (66) so that the one or more goods common to the plurality of orders can be transferred to the plurality of delivery containers associated with the plurality of orders; viii) instructs the conveyor system (76) to transport the second container to the buffer (70).

14. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 13, wherein, The control system (134) is further configured to cause the one or more processors (136) to execute instructions to generate signals to instruct the one or more loading processing devices (30) to extract the first container and / or the second container from the buffer (70) via the at least one grid post (15).

15. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 12, wherein, The first container includes one or more goods having a first attribute and one or more goods having a second attribute, and wherein the one or more goods having the first attribute and / or the one or more goods having the second attribute are common in the plurality of orders.

16. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 12, wherein, The storage and retrieval system further includes an order database (142), which includes data associated with several orders for one or more goods. The control system (134) is configured to access the order database (142) to group or organize the orders based on at least one attribute of the one or more goods that is common to the orders.

17. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 16, wherein, The storage and retrieval system further includes an inventory database (144) that includes data on at least one attribute of one or more goods.

18. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 12, wherein, The control system (134) is further instructed to record the weight of one or more containers in the access station (66).

19. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 9, wherein, The control system (134) is configured to instruct the conveyor system (76) to transport the container (10) to the first or second container lifting device, depending on the occupancy of the first and second container lifting devices.

20. The fulfillment / replenishment system according to claim 19, wherein, The occupancy status of the first box lifting device and the second box lifting device is determined by one or more sensors in the first box lifting device and the second box lifting device.

21. A method for fulfilling a plurality of orders using a fulfillment / replenishment system as described in any one of claims 12 to 20, each of the plurality of orders comprising one or more goods, the method comprising the steps of: i) Grouping or organizing several orders based on several orders that include one or more items, wherein the one or more items have at least one attribute common to each of the several orders. ii) Identify a first container comprising one or more goods, the one or more goods having at least one attribute common to each of the plurality of orders. iii) Instruct the one or more loading and handling devices (30) to extract the first container storing the one or more goods from the grid frame structure (14), iv) The first container is lowered into the supply area (64) via the at least one vertical chute (62). v) Transport the first container to the access station (66). vi) Transferring the one or more goods from the first container to the plurality of first delivery containers associated with the plurality of orders; vii) transport the first container to the buffer (70). viii) Lift the first container toward the grid. (ix) instructs one or more loading processing devices (30) operating on the grid to extract the first container from the buffer (70) and return the first container to the grid frame structure (14).

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising the following steps: i) Identify the second container comprising the one or more goods, the one or more goods having at least one attribute common to each of the plurality of orders. ii) Instruct the one or more loading and handling devices (30) to extract the second container storing the one or more goods from the grid frame structure (14), iii) The second container is lowered into the supply area (64) via the at least one vertical chute (62). iv) Transport the second container to the access station (66). v) Transferring the one or more goods from the second container to the several second delivery containers associated with the several orders; vi) Transport the second container to the buffer (70). vii) Lift the second container toward the grid. viii) instructs one or more loading processing devices (30) operating on the grid to extract the second container from the buffer (70) and return the second container to the grid frame structure (14).

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, wherein, The first delivery container and / or the second delivery container is a bag.

24. The method of claim 21 or 22, further comprising the step of transporting the one or more bags to one or more electronically controlled lockers.

25. The method according to claim 21 or 22, further comprising the step of weighing one or more containers at the access station (66).

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