Turbojet engine and starting device thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a turbojet engine and a starting device thereof. The starting device includes: a starting motor having a drive shaft; a first connecting member for drivingly connecting to an engine input shaft of the turbojet engine; a clutch disposed between the starting motor and the first connecting member, comprising a housing component, a second connecting member, a spring member, and an axial adjustment member; the second connecting member and the spring member are located within the housing component, and the main body of the starting motor is fixed relative to the housing component; the driving shaft of the starting motor is connected to the second connecting member, which is connected to the spring member, and the driving shaft of the starting motor drives the second connecting member to rotate to achieve radial expansion or radial contraction of the spring member; the first connecting member and the spring member can be connected and disconnected by radial expansion and radial contraction of the spring member; and the axial adjustment member can adjust the clutch to move toward and away from the first connecting member. The above starting device avoids dynamic imbalance caused by a rigid connection and ensures stable operation of the turbojet engine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aviation engine equipment, in particular to a turbojet engine and a starting device thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a type of aircraft engine, the starting of a turbojet engine is the most important part.

[0003] Currently, there are two types of starting devices:

[0004] The first type uses a rigid connection, providing initial power and air intake during startup. Once the engine reaches idle speed, the starting device ceases operation, allowing the rotor's rigid connection to drive the starting device for power generation and other operations. However, this rigid connection can easily produce significant dynamic imbalance, leading to vibration, eccentricity, and other phenomena.

[0005] The second type is based on a clutch design, employing various forms of disengageable clutches. However, clutches based on spiral groove connections can suffer from problems with the spiral groove during rotation, such as being unable to retract, or problems with the structure when rotating in or out. These structural issues can cause the clutch to malfunction, impacting the operation of the turbojet engine.

[0006] Therefore, how to avoid the dynamic imbalance of the rigid connection and ensure the stable operation of the turbojet engine is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by people in this technical field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a starting device to avoid dynamic imbalance of the rigid connection and ensure stable operation of the turbojet engine. The present invention also provides a turbojet engine.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A starting device for starting a turbojet engine, comprising:

[0010] a starter motor having a drive shaft;

[0011] a first connecting member for driving connection with an engine input shaft of the turbojet engine;

[0012] A clutch is provided between the starter motor and the first connecting member, the clutch comprising a housing component, a second connecting member, a spring component and an axial adjustment component;

[0013] Wherein, the second connecting member and the spring member are located in the housing component, and the main body of the starter motor is fixed relative to the housing component;

[0014] The driving shaft of the starter motor is connected to the second connecting member, and the second connecting member is connected to the spring member. The driving shaft of the starter motor drives the second connecting member to rotate to achieve radial expansion or radial contraction of the spring member.

[0015] The first connecting member and the spring member can be connected and separated by radial expansion and radial contraction of the spring member;

[0016] The axial adjustment member can adjust the clutch to move in a direction close to and away from the first connecting member.

[0017] Optionally, in the above starting device, the rotation direction of the drive shaft is opposite to the rotation direction of the spring member, and the drive shaft of the starting motor drives the second connecting member to rotate to achieve radial expansion of the spring member;

[0018] The first connecting member and the spring member can be connected by radial expansion of the spring member and can be separated by radial contraction of the spring member.

[0019] Optionally, in the above starting device, the rotation direction of the drive shaft is the same as the rotation direction of the spring of the spring member, and the drive shaft of the starting motor drives the second connecting member to rotate to achieve radial contraction of the spring member;

[0020] The first connecting member and the spring member can be connected by radial contraction of the spring member and can be separated by radial expansion of the spring member.

[0021] Optionally, in the above starting device, the spring member is sleeved on the outside of the second connecting member, and the spring member and the second connecting member are interference fit.

[0022] Optionally, in the above starting device, one end of the spring member away from the first connecting member abuts against the inner wall of the outer shell component.

[0023] Optionally, in the above starting device, the end surface of the first connecting member facing the starting motor has an annular matching groove, and the end of the spring member close to the first connecting member extends into the annular matching groove;

[0024] When the spring member is in a radially expanded state, the outer wall of the spring member abuts against the outer side wall of the annular matching groove; when the spring member is in a radially contracted state, the outer wall of the spring member abuts against the inner side wall of the annular matching groove.

[0025] Optionally, in the above starting device, the inner ring side wall of the annular matching groove extends into the interior of the spring member and forms a positioning protrusion.

[0026] Optionally, in the above starting device, the first connecting member has a limiting component for limiting its radial runout.

[0027] Optionally, in the above starting device, the limiting component is a magnet, and the center line of the magnet coincides with the center line of the first connecting member.

[0028] Optionally, in the above starting device, the first connecting member has an embedded groove, and the limiting component is embedded in the embedded groove.

[0029] Optionally, in the above starting device, the driving shaft of the starting motor is threadedly connected to the second connecting member, and the thread direction of the driving shaft is the same as the rotation direction of the driving shaft.

[0030] Optionally, in the above starting device, the axial adjustment member includes:

[0031] a rack portion fixed to the housing component, wherein an extending direction of the rack portion is parallel to an axial direction of the housing component;

[0032] a gear matched with the rack portion;

[0033] An adjusting drive device drives the gear to rotate.

[0034] The present invention also provides a turbojet engine, comprising an engine input shaft and a starting device as described in any one of the above items.

[0035] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the starting device provided by the present invention has an axial adjustment member capable of adjusting the clutch to move toward and away from the first connecting member, thereby achieving relative approach and distance between the first connecting member and the spring member. In the working state, the clutch can be adjusted by the axial adjustment member to move toward the first connecting member, and the drive shaft of the starter motor drives the second connecting member to rotate to achieve radial expansion or radial contraction of the spring member. The radial change of the spring member causes the first connecting member to connect with the spring member, thereby driving the first connecting member to rotate, thereby transmitting torque to the engine input shaft of the turbojet engine, starting the turbojet engine. When the speed of the engine input shaft and the first connecting member is greater than the speed of the drive shaft of the starter motor, because the rotation direction of the drive shaft of the starter motor is the same as the rotation direction of the engine input shaft, the friction between the engine input shaft and the spring member exerts a reverse torque on the spring member, thereby causing the radial change of the spring member. This radial change is opposite to the radial change of the spring member caused by the drive shaft of the starter motor driving the second connecting member to rotate, thereby achieving separation of the first connecting member and the spring member, realizing the overrun function, and completing the operation of starting the turbojet engine. After the turbojet engine is started, the starting device is in a non-operating state. To prevent friction and energy loss caused by continued contact between the spring member and the first connecting member, the clutch is adjusted away from the first connecting member via the axial adjustment member to ensure separation of the spring member from the first connecting member. The starting device provided by an embodiment of the present invention can achieve separation of the first connecting member from the spring member when the speed of the engine input shaft exceeds the speed of the drive shaft of the starter motor. The axial adjustment member is used to achieve separation of the clutch from the first connecting member, thereby avoiding dynamic imbalance caused by a rigid connection and ensuring stable operation of the turbojet engine.

[0036] The present invention further provides a turbojet engine comprising an engine input shaft and any of the above-described starting devices. Since the above-described starting devices have the above-described technical effects, turbojet engines having the above-described starting devices should also have the same technical effects, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a starting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 An exploded schematic diagram of a starting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The invention discloses a starting device to avoid dynamic imbalance of rigid connection and ensure stable operation of a turbojet engine. The invention also provides a turbojet engine.

[0041] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a starting device for starting a turbojet engine, comprising a starting motor 1, a first connecting member 6 and a clutch. The starting motor 1 has a drive shaft; the first connecting member 6 is used for driving connection with the engine input shaft of the turbojet engine; the clutch is arranged between the starting motor 1 and the first connecting member 6, and the clutch comprises a housing component 2, a second connecting member 8, a spring member 3 and an axial adjustment member. Among them, the second connecting member 8 and the spring member 3 are located in the housing component 2, and the main body of the starting motor 1 is fixed relative to the housing component 2; the driving shaft of the starting motor 1 is connected to the second connecting member 8, and the second connecting member 8 is connected to the spring member 3, and the driving shaft of the starting motor 1 drives the second connecting member 8 to rotate to realize radial expansion or radial contraction of the spring member 3; the first connecting member 6 and the spring member 3 can be connected and separated by the radial expansion and radial contraction of the spring member 3; the axial adjustment member can adjust the clutch to move in the direction of approaching and moving away from the first connecting member 6.

[0043] In the starting device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, an axial adjustment member can adjust the clutch to move toward and away from the first connecting member 6, thereby achieving relative approach and distance between the first connecting member 6 and the spring member 3. In the working state, the clutch can be adjusted by the axial adjustment member to move toward the first connecting member 6, and the drive shaft of the starter motor 1 drives the second connecting member 8 to rotate, thereby achieving radial expansion or radial contraction of the spring member 3. The radial change of the spring member 3 causes the first connecting member 6 to connect with the spring member 3, thereby driving the first connecting member 6 to rotate, thereby transmitting torque to the engine input shaft of the turbojet engine, starting the turbojet engine. When the speed of the engine input shaft and the first connecting member 6 is greater than the speed of the drive shaft of the starter motor 1, because the rotation direction of the drive shaft of the starter motor 1 is the same as the rotation direction of the engine input shaft, the friction between the engine input shaft and the spring member 3 exerts a reverse torque on the spring member 3, thereby causing the radial change of the spring member 3. This radial change is opposite to the radial change of the spring member 3 caused by the drive shaft of the starter motor 1 driving the second connecting member 8 to rotate, thereby achieving separation of the first connecting member 6 from the spring member 3, realizing the overrun function, and completing the operation of starting the turbojet engine. After the turbojet engine is started, the starting device is in a non-operating state. To prevent friction loss and energy loss caused by continued contact between the spring member 3 and the first connecting member 6, the clutch is adjusted away from the first connecting member 6 through the axial adjustment member to ensure that the spring member 3 is separated from the first connecting member 6. The starting device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can achieve separation of the first connecting member 6 from the spring member 3 when the speed of the engine input shaft is higher than the speed of the drive shaft of the starter motor 1. The axial adjustment member is combined with the axial adjustment member to achieve separation of the clutch and the first connecting member 6, thereby avoiding dynamic imbalance caused by the rigid connection and ensuring stable operation of the turbojet engine.

[0044] Furthermore, overrunning clutches based on wedge-ball or wedge-spring structures can fail after exceeding 15,000 revolutions. The starting device provided by the embodiments of the present invention, when used during the starting phase of an aircraft engine, can significantly increase the engine's starting speed, even reaching 20,000 revolutions. Furthermore, the starting device provided by the embodiments of the present invention is particularly suitable for small turbojet engines.

[0045] The starter motor 1 is a rotary motor. Of course, other devices that output torque (rotational motion) can also be used to replace the starter motor 1, which will not be described here one by one.

[0046] In the first embodiment, the rotation direction of the drive shaft is opposite to the rotation direction of the spring member 3, and the drive shaft of the starter motor 1 drives the second connecting member 8 to rotate to achieve radial expansion of the spring member 3; the first connecting member 6 and the spring member 3 can be connected through the radial expansion of the spring member 3 and can be separated through the radial contraction of the spring member 3.

[0047] Specifically, the spring member 3 is connected to the second connecting member 8, which is driven to rotate by the drive shaft of the starter motor 1. Because the drive shaft rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation of the spring member 3, the connection between the spring member 3 and the second connecting member 8 causes the spring member 3 to expand radially due to friction and / or centrifugal force. This radial expansion of the spring member 3 then connects the first connecting member 6 to the spring member 3. This transfers torque from the spring member 3 to the first connecting member 6, which then transmits the torque to the engine input shaft (via threaded engagement or other connection methods). When the speed of the first connecting member 6 and the engine input shaft exceeds the speed of the starter motor 1 (reaching the turbojet engine's idle speed), because the engine input shaft rotates in the same direction as the spring member 3, friction between the first connecting member 6 and the spring member 3 creates a reverse torque transfer from the first connecting member 6 to the spring member 3, causing the spring member 3 to contract radially, thereby overrunning the drive shaft of the starter motor 1. This achieves the clutch's overrunning function and ensures the starter motor 1 is disengaged from the first connecting member 6. That is, the clutch in this embodiment is an expansion spring clutch.

[0048] In the second embodiment, the rotation direction of the drive shaft is the same as the rotation direction of the spring of the spring member 3. The drive shaft of the starter motor 1 drives the second connecting member 8 to rotate to achieve radial contraction of the spring member 3; the first connecting member 6 and the spring member 3 can be connected through the radial contraction of the spring member 3 and can be separated through the radial expansion of the spring member 3.

[0049] Specifically, the spring member 3 is connected to the second connecting member 8, which is driven to rotate by the drive shaft of the starter motor 1. Because the drive shaft rotates in the same direction as the spring member 3's rotation, the connection between the spring member 3 and the second connecting member 8 causes the spring member 3 to contract due to friction, causing the spring member 3 to contract radially. This radial contraction of the spring member 3 establishes a connection between the first connecting member 6 and the spring member 3. This transfers torque from the spring member 3 to the first connecting member 6, which then transmits the torque to the engine input shaft (via a threaded fit or other connection method). When the speed of the first connecting member 6 and the engine input shaft exceeds the speed of the starter motor 1 (reaching the turbojet engine's idle speed), because the engine input shaft's rotational direction aligns with the spring member 3's rotational direction, friction between the first connecting member 6 and the spring member 3 creates a reverse torque transfer from the first connecting member 6 to the spring member 3, causing the spring member 3 to expand radially, overtaking the drive shaft of the starter motor 1. This implements the clutch's overrunning function and ensures the starter motor 1 is disengaged from the first connecting member 6. That is, the clutch in this embodiment is a contraction spring clutch.

[0050] Furthermore, the spring member 3 is sleeved on the outside of the second connecting member 8, and the spring member 3 and the second connecting member 8 have an interference fit. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the spring member 3 can be separated from the second connecting member 8 by radial expansion of the spring member 3, thereby ensuring the separation of the starter motor 1 from the first connecting member 6.

[0051] Preferably, one end of the spring member 3 away from the first connecting member 6 abuts against the inner wall of the housing component 2 .

[0052] Furthermore, the end surface of the first connecting member 6 facing the starter motor 1 has an annular mating groove, into which the end of the spring member 3 closest to the first connecting member 6 extends. When the spring member 3 is radially expanded, the outer wall of the spring member 3 abuts against the outer wall of the annular mating groove; when the spring member 3 is radially contracted, the outer wall of the spring member 3 abuts against the inner wall of the annular mating groove. This arrangement improves the mating stability between the spring member 3 and the first connecting member 6.

[0053] Furthermore, the inner sidewall of the annular matching groove extends into the interior of the spring member 3 and forms a positioning protrusion, thereby further improving the matching stability between the spring member 3 and the first connecting member 6.

[0054] In order to improve transmission stability, the first connecting member 6 has a limiting component 7 for limiting its radial runout.

[0055] Preferably, the limiting component 7 is a magnet, and the center line of the magnet coincides with the center line of the first connecting member 6. The limiting component 7 can also be other components with adsorption function, which will not be described here one by one and are all within the scope of protection.

[0056] In order to improve the connection stability and facilitate assembly, the first connecting member 6 has an embedded groove, and the limiting component 7 is embedded in the embedded groove.

[0057] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the drive shaft of the starter motor 1 is threadedly connected to the second connecting member 8, and the thread direction of the drive shaft is the same as the rotation direction of the drive shaft. Of course, the connection between the drive shaft of the starter motor 1 and the second connecting member 8 can also be achieved by welding, snap connection or other methods.

[0058] Furthermore, the axial adjustment member includes a rack portion 5 fixed to the housing component 2, a gear 4 mating with the rack portion 5, and an adjustment drive device that rotates the gear 4. The rack portion 5 extends parallel to the axis of the housing component 2. The housing component 2 and the rack portion 5 are fixedly connected by welding or gluing.

[0059] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a turbojet engine comprising an engine input shaft and any of the above-described starting devices. Since the above-described starting devices have the above-described technical effects, turbojet engines having the above-described starting devices should also have the same technical effects, which will not be described in detail here.

[0060] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0061] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A starting device for starting a turbojet engine, characterized in that: include: A starter motor (1), the starter motor (1) having a drive shaft; a first connecting member (6) for driving connection with an engine input shaft of the turbojet engine; A clutch disposed between the starter motor (1) and the first connecting member (6), the clutch comprising a housing component (2), a second connecting member (8), a spring member (3), and an axial adjustment member; The second connecting member (8) and the spring member (3) are located inside the housing member (2), and the main body of the starter motor (1) is fixed relative to the housing member (2); The driving shaft of the starter motor (1) is connected to the second connecting member (8), and the second connecting member (8) is connected to the spring member (3). The driving shaft of the starter motor (1) drives the second connecting member (8) to rotate to achieve radial expansion or radial contraction of the spring member (3); The first connecting member (6) and the spring member (3) can be connected and separated by radial expansion and radial contraction of the spring member (3); The axial adjustment member is capable of adjusting the clutch to move in a direction close to and away from the first connecting member (6); During operation, the axial adjustment member causes the clutch to approach the first connecting member (6), and the driving shaft of the starter motor (1) drives the second connecting member (8) to rotate to realize the radial expansion or radial contraction of the spring member (3). The radial change of the spring member (3) causes the first connecting member (6) to be connected to the spring member (3), thereby driving the first connecting member (6) to rotate, thereby transmitting the torque to the engine input shaft of the turbojet engine and starting the turbojet engine; when the rotation speed of the engine input shaft and the first connecting member (6) is greater than the rotation speed of the driving shaft of the starter motor (1), due to the rotation direction of the driving shaft of the starter motor (1) and the rotation direction of the engine input shaft, the first connecting member (6) is connected to the first connecting member (3). The first connecting member (6) and the second connecting member (8) are rotated in the same direction, so that the friction between the engine input shaft and the spring member (3) exerts a reverse torque on the spring member (3), thereby causing the radial direction of the spring member (3) to change. This radial change is opposite to the radial change of the spring member (3) caused by the drive shaft of the starter motor (1) driving the second connecting member (8) to rotate, thereby achieving the separation of the first connecting member (6) from the spring member (3), realizing the overrunning function, and completing the operation of starting the turbojet engine; after completing the operation of starting the turbojet engine, the starting device is in a non-working state, and the axial adjustment member causes the clutch to move away from the first connecting member (6), ensuring that the spring member (3) is separated from the first connecting member (6).

2. The starting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The rotation direction of the drive shaft is opposite to the rotation direction of the spring member (3), and the drive shaft of the starter motor (1) drives the second connecting member (8) to rotate to achieve radial expansion of the spring member (3); The first connecting member (6) and the spring member (3) can be connected by radial expansion of the spring member (3) and can be separated by radial contraction of the spring member (3).

3. The starting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The rotation direction of the drive shaft is the same as the rotation direction of the spring of the spring member (3), and the drive shaft of the starter motor (1) drives the second connecting member (8) to rotate to achieve radial contraction of the spring member (3); The first connecting member (6) and the spring member (3) can be connected by radial contraction of the spring member (3) and can be separated by radial expansion of the spring member (3).

4. The starting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The spring member (3) is sleeved on the outside of the second connecting member (8), and the spring member (3) and the second connecting member (8) are interference fit.

5. The starting device according to claim 1, characterized in that One end of the spring component (3) away from the first connecting component (6) abuts against the inner wall of the housing component (2).

6. The starting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The end surface of the first connecting member (6) facing the starter motor (1) has an annular matching groove, and one end of the spring member (3) close to the first connecting member (6) extends into the annular matching groove; When the spring member (3) is in a radially expanded state, the outer wall of the spring member (3) abuts against the outer side wall of the annular matching groove; when the spring member (3) is in a radially contracted state, the outer wall of the spring member (3) abuts against the inner side wall of the annular matching groove.

7. The starting device according to claim 6, characterized in that The inner ring side wall of the annular matching groove extends into the interior of the spring member (3) and forms a positioning protrusion.

8. The starting device according to claim 1, wherein: The first connecting member (6) has a limiting component (7) for limiting its radial runout.

9. The starting device according to claim 8, characterized in that The limiting component (7) is a magnet, and the center line of the magnet coincides with the center line of the first connecting member (6).

10. The starting device according to claim 8, characterized in that The first connecting member (6) has an embedded groove, and the limiting component (7) is embedded in the embedded groove.

11. The starting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The driving shaft of the starter motor (1) is threadedly connected to the second connecting member (8), and the thread direction of the driving shaft is the same as the rotation direction of the driving shaft.

12. The starting device according to claim 1, wherein: The axial adjustment member comprises: a rack portion (5) fixed to the housing component (2), wherein an extension direction of the rack portion (5) is parallel to an axial direction of the housing component (2); a gear (4) mating with the rack portion (5); An adjusting drive device drives the gear (4) to rotate.

13. A turbojet engine comprising an engine input shaft, characterized in that: It also includes a starting device as described in any one of claims 1-12.

Images