Broadband Antenna Calibration Network Based on Multilayer Coupling Technology

Abstract

The present invention discloses a broadband antenna calibration network based on a multi-layer coupling technology, comprising: a power splitting layer, including a 1-to-4 power splitting network in a strip structure, and the 1-to-4 power splitting network includes three two-stage Wilkinson power splitters; a coupling layer, including 16 groups of coupling slots, and each group of coupling slots is composed of a first coupling slot, two second coupling slots and two third coupling slots; a feeder layer, including two groups of feeders symmetric about the center, and each group of feeders includes 8 bent transmission channels. In the present invention, the power splitting layer adopts a 1-to-4 power splitting network composed of broadband two-stage Wilkinson power splitters, which has good power distribution effect and high isolation; in addition, the coupling layer adopts a multi-slot form, which can achieve a weakly coupled characteristic that is flat and adjustable within a broadband. The present invention can be widely applied to the field of phased array antenna calibration technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of phased array antenna calibration, and in particular to a broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology. Background Art

[0002] Phased array antennas are widely used, but their constituent elements are complex. The amplitude-phase consistency of active channels may be interfered due to the aging of internal devices, and in severe cases, they will not work. Therefore, regular monitoring and calibration are required. The main calibration methods are: external monitoring method and internal monitoring method. External monitoring is time-consuming and inconvenient, and it is necessary to use a far-field source or a monitoring antenna to transmit calibration signals. Internal monitoring is stable and has high test accuracy, and the amplitude-phase consistency of active channels is detected through a calibration network. The calibration network is composed of couplers and power dividers combined according to the antenna array, and can be divided into three forms: series feed, parallel feed, and series-parallel feed. It is difficult to guarantee the phase consistency of the series-feed calibration network, and the parallel-feed calibration network has large insertion loss. According to the classification of transmission lines, the calibration network is often open (microstrip structure) and closed (strip structure). The former has weak anti-interference ability, and the latter has mutual interference between channels. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art to a certain extent, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology, comprising:

[0006] A power layer, including a 1-to-4 power division network in a strip structure, and the 1-to-4 power division network includes three two-stage Wilkinson power dividers;

[0007] A coupling layer, including 16 groups of coupling slots, and each group of coupling slots is composed of a first coupling slot, two second coupling slots, and two third coupling slots;

[0008] A feeder layer, including two groups of feeders that are centrosymmetric about the center, and each group of feeders includes 8 bent transmission channels;

[0009] The power layer is arranged in the first laminated layer, and the first laminated layer is arranged between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer; the coupling layer is arranged in the second laminated layer, and the second laminated layer is arranged between the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer; the feeder layer is arranged in the third laminated layer, and the third laminated layer is arranged between the third dielectric layer and the fourth dielectric layer; metal grounds are provided on the first dielectric layer and the fourth dielectric layer.

[0010] Further, barrier metal posts are provided on the power layer, the coupling layer, and the feeder layer to address the energy leakage of the 1-way to 4-way power divider network, the mutual coupling of the coupling slots, and the signal mutual interference between the transmission channels.

[0011] Further, two isolation resistors are provided on each of the two-stage Wilkinson power dividers to improve the isolation degree; among them, matching loads are connected to the ends of the second two-stage Wilkinson power divider and the third two-stage Wilkinson power divider.

[0012] Further, the isolation resistors and the matching loads are designed in a windowing manner, and the strip structure plates above them are removed.

[0013] Further, for the convenience of integration with the antenna array and considering the matching load, the ports of the broadband antenna calibration network and the ends of the two-stage Wilkinson power dividers are all output in a microstrip form, and a transmission line conversion structure is provided;

[0014] The use of windowing and the transmission line conversion structure changes the closed stripline structure into a semi-closed structure.

[0015] Further, a shielding box is provided at the port of the power layer to improve the shielding performance.

[0016] Further, the distances between the two ends of the transmission channels respectively correspond to the distances between the TR ends and the antenna ends, and the channel lengths are kept consistent to reduce the phase deviation between the channels.

[0017] Further, the second coupling slot and the third coupling slot are symmetric about the first coupling slot, and the distance between each group of coupling slots is the distance between the TR ends.

[0018] Further, each path of the 1-way to 4-way power divider network is connected in series with 4 groups of coupling slots, the 4 paths are in a parallel relationship, the 4 groups of coupling slots in each path are in a series relationship, and the overall calibration network is a series-parallel structure.

[0019] Further, to improve the impedance matching, equilateral triangular blocks with side lengths equal to the line widths of the respective transmission lines are cut off at the bends of the transmission lines, and the two-stage branch lines of the two-stage Wilkinson power dividers are transitioned in an arc shape.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The power layer of the present invention adopts a 1-way to 4-way power divider network composed of broadband two-stage Wilkinson power dividers, which has good power distribution effect and high isolation; in addition, the coupling layer adopts a multi-slot form, which can achieve a weakly coupled characteristic that is flat and adjustable within a broadband. Description of the Drawings

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following provides an introduction to the relevant technical solution drawings in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art. It should be understood that the drawings introduced below only facilitate the clear expression of some embodiments of the technical solutions in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional view of the entire broadband antenna calibration network in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is the three-dimensional view of the power splitting layer in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is the top view of the power splitting layer in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is the top view of the coupling layer in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is the top view of the feeder layer in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is the side view of the entire broadband antenna calibration network in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is the coupling degree amplitude simulation diagram of the broadband antenna calibration network in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 is the coupling degree phase simulation diagram of the broadband antenna calibration network in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 is the standing wave ratio simulation diagram of the broadband antenna calibration network in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 is the isolation degree simulation diagram of the broadband antenna calibration network in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Reference numerals: 1. 1-to-4 power splitting network; 2. Two-stage Wilkinson power divider; 3. Isolation resistor; 4. Matching load; 5. First metal ground; 6. First dielectric layer; 7. Second dielectric layer; 8. First laminated layer; 9. Coupling slot; 10. Common ground layer; 11. Second laminated layer; 12. Feeder; 13. Transmission channel; 14. Second metal ground; 15. Third dielectric layer; 16. Fourth dielectric layer; 17. Third laminated layer; 18. Blocking metal column; 19. Transmission line conversion structure; 20. Shielding box; 21. Input port; 22. Coupling port; 23. Isolation port; 24. Rectangular impedance transformation region; 25. Screw hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. For the step numbers in the following embodiments, they are only set for the convenience of description and illustration, and no limitation is imposed on the order between the steps. The execution order of each step in the embodiments can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that for the orientation description, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is two or more, greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood not to include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. If the first and second are described only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, words such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above words in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology, including a power splitting layer, a coupling layer, and a feeder layer. A 1-to-4 power splitting network composed of two-stage Wilkinson power splitters is used to connect 16 groups of coupling slots to form a series-parallel feeding structure, realizing flat amplitude-phase consistency within a broadband. By using barrier metal columns, transmission line conversion structures, and shielding boxes, a semi-closed structure is formed, improving the stability and shielding performance of the overall calibration network.

[0038] As Figure 3As shown: The first layer is the power division layer, which includes a 1-to-4-way strip power divider network 1. The 1-to-4-way strip power divider network 1 is composed of 3 two-stage Wilkinson power dividers (the first two-stage Wilkinson power divider 2, the second two-stage Wilkinson power divider 2', and the third two-stage Wilkinson power divider 2''), surrounded by barrier metal posts 18. There are two isolation resistors 3 at the branch lines of the two-stage Wilkinson power divider, a matching load 4 is connected at the end, and a transmission line conversion structure 19 is provided at the input port 21 and a shielding box 20 is loaded. See Figure 6 , the 1-to-4-way strip power divider network 1 is arranged in the first laminated layer 8, and the first laminated layer 8 is arranged between the first dielectric layer 6 and the second dielectric layer 7. One surface of the first dielectric layer 6 is connected to the first metal ground 5. The substrate materials of the first dielectric layer 6 and the second dielectric layer 7 are RA300A (dielectric constant = 2.94, tangent loss = 0.0012), and the first laminated layer 8 is RLP30 (dielectric constant = 3, tangent loss = 0.002).

[0039] As Figure 4 shown, the second layer is the coupling layer, which consists of 16 groups of coupling slots 9. Each group has 5 slots, and two second coupling slots 9'' and two third coupling slots 9''' are both symmetric about the first coupling slot 9'. See Figure 6 , the 16 groups of coupling slots 9 are located on the common ground layer 10 in the second laminated layer 11; the second laminated layer 11 is arranged between the second dielectric layer 7 and the third dielectric layer 15. Barrier metal posts 18 are provided around, and the second laminated layer 11 and the first laminated layer 8 are of the same material.

[0040] As Figure 5 shown, the third layer is the feeder layer. Two groups of feeders 12 are symmetric about the center, including 16 transmission channels 13. Barrier metal posts 18 are provided around, and the transmission lengths are the same and both sides are output through the transmission line conversion structure 19 with a shielding box 20 added. See Figure 6 , the two groups of feeders 12 are located in the third laminated layer 17, and the third laminated layer 17 is arranged between the third dielectric layer 15 and the fourth dielectric layer 16. The fourth dielectric layer 16 is connected to the second metal ground 14. The third dielectric layer 15, the fourth dielectric layer 16 are of the same material as the first dielectric layer 6 and the second dielectric layer 7, and the third laminated layer 17 is of the same material as the first laminated layer 8.

[0041] The calibration source enters the 1-way 4-way power divider network 1 from the input port 21 through the transmission line conversion structure 19 loaded with the shielding box 20. The energy path flows into the matching load 4 through the two-stage Wilkinson power dividers 2, 2', 2'' equipped with isolation resistors 3. The blocking metal posts 18 prevent signal leakage. Part of the energy is coupled to the 16 transmission channels 13 below through 16 groups of coupling slots 9 on the common ground layer 10. To ensure that the coupling amounts are relatively consistent, the slot diameter and slot pitch can be adjusted. Among them, the blocking metal posts 18 reduce the mutual coupling between the 16 groups of coupling slots 9. After the coupled energy is introduced into each transmission channel 13, it flows to the coupling port 22 and the isolation port 23 through the transmission line conversion structure 19 loaded with the shielding box 20. The lengths of the 16 transmission channels 13 are the same to reduce the phase deviation between channels. The blocking metal posts 18 reduce the mutual interference between channels. The screw holes 25 reinforce the multi-layer structure. Finally, the semi-closed antenna calibration network based on series-parallel feeding has stable amplitude-phase consistency and shielding performance in the wide frequency band.

[0042] The above broadband antenna calibration network will be explained in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0043] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, Figure 2 Fig. is the three-dimensional view of the power layer of the broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology. Figure 3 Fig. is the top view of the broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology. The power layer includes a 1-way 4-way power divider network 1, and the power divider network 1 is composed of 3 two-stage Wilkinson power dividers 2', 2'', 2'''. Among them, the 50-ohm line width is 0.82 mm, the line width of the first-stage branch line is 0.3 mm, the line width of the second-stage branch line is 0.57 mm. The equilateral triangular block with a side length of 0.82 mm is cut off at the bend of the transmission line. There is a rectangular impedance transformation region 24 with a length of 0.93 mm and a width of 0.91 mm above the 16 groups of coupling slots 9. Transmission line conversion structures 19 are provided at both the input end and the end of the 1-way 4-way power divider network 1. The widths of both ends are 0.82 mm and 1.11 mm respectively, and the length is 1.3 mm. The length of the shielding box 20 above the input transmission line conversion structure 19 is 5 mm and the width is 3.5 mm. The length of the slot at the position of the isolation resistor 3 is 4.24 mm and the width is 2 mm. The length of the slot at the end is 6.7 mm and the width is 4 mm. The 1-way 4-way power divider network 1 is located in the first laminated layer 8 between the first dielectric layer 6 and the second dielectric layer 7 below the first metal ground 5; the thickness of the first metal ground 5 is 0.018 mm, the length is 291.2 mm, and the width is 56.6 mm. The substrate materials of the first dielectric layer 6 and the second dielectric layer 7 are RA300A (dielectric constant = 2.94, tangent loss = 0.0012), and its thickness is 0.508 mm. The first laminated layer 8 is RLP30 (dielectric constant = 3, tangent loss = 0.002), with a thickness of 0.1 mm, and the power layer is punched with barrier metal columns 18, with a diameter of 0.6 mm.

[0044] As Figure 4 shown, Figure 4 is a top view of the coupling layer of a broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology, including 16 groups of coupling slots 9. The length of the first coupling slot 9' is 1.5 mm and the width is 0.59 mm; the length of the second coupling slot 9'' is 1.2 mm and the width is 0.45 mm; the length of the third coupling slot 9''' is 0.8 mm and the width is 0.83 mm; the center distance between the first coupling slot 9' and the second coupling slot 9'' is 0.93 mm, the center distance between the first coupling slot 9' and the third coupling slot 9''' is 2.345 mm, and the distance between 16 groups of coupling slots 9 is 11.4 mm. See Figure 6 , 16 groups of coupling slots 9 are located on the common ground layer 10 in the second laminated layer 11. The second laminated layer 11 and the first laminated layer 8 are of the same material. The thickness of the common ground layer 10 is 0.018 mm, and the length and width are the same as those of the metal ground 5.

[0045] As Figure 5 shown, Figure 5 is a top view of the feeder layer of a broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology. The feeder layer includes two groups of feeders 12 that are centrosymmetric about the center. Each group of feeders consists of 8 transmission channels 13. The total length of each transmission channel 13 is the same, with a width of 0.73 mm. The straight-line distance on both sides of the channel is 56.6 mm. The distances between the two coupling ports and the isolation port on both sides are 11.4 mm and 18.2 mm respectively. The length of the shielding box 20 at the port is 5 mm and the width is 3.5 mm. The widths of both ends of the transmission line conversion structure 19 are 0.73 mm and 0.98 mm respectively, and the length is 1.3 mm. The diameter of the surrounding barrier metal column 18 is 0.6 mm. See Figure 6 , the two groups of feeders 12 are located in the third laminated layer 17 between the third dielectric layer 15 and the fourth dielectric layer 16 above the second metal ground 14. The second metal ground 14 and the first metal ground 5 are of the same material. The third dielectric layer 15, the fourth dielectric layer 16 and the first dielectric layer 6, the second dielectric layer 7 are of the same material. The third laminated layer 17 and the first laminated layer 8 are of the same material.

[0046] As Figure 7 shown, Figure 7It is the simulation diagram of the coupling degree amplitude of a broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology. The calibration source enters from input port 21, and the coupled energy is output from coupling port 22. In the frequency band of 8 - 16 GHz, the coupling degree is 34.5 - 37.5 dB. The in-band coupling degree inconsistency of the same port is less than 2.5 dB, and the coupling degree inconsistency of different ports at the same frequency point is less than 2.4 dB.

[0047] As Figure 8 shown, Figure 8 It is the simulation diagram of the coupling degree phase of a broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology, and the phase inconsistency between channels is less than 2°.

[0048] As Figure 9 shown, Figure 9 It is the simulation diagram of the standing wave ratio of a broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology. The in-band standing wave ratios of each coupling port 22 and isolation port 23 are less than 1.4, indicating good structural impedance matching.

[0049] As Figure 10 shown, Figure 10 It is the simulation diagram of the isolation degree of a broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology. The isolation degree between ports is greater than 54 dB, indicating good structural shielding performance.

[0050] In summary, the present invention proposes a broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology, including: a power splitting layer, a coupling layer, and a feeder layer. The power splitting layer is composed of a 1-to-4-way power splitting network in strip structure, and it contains a total of 3 two-stage Wilkinson power splitters, located in the laminated layer between two dielectric plates below the top metal ground; the coupling layer contains 16 groups of coupling slots, with the distance between groups being the TR end distance, and each group has 5 slots, located on the common ground layer within the laminated layer; the feeder layer contains two symmetric groups of feeders, located in the laminated layer between two dielectric plates above the bottom metal ground. Each group of feeders has 8 transmission channels, and the distances between the two ends of the transmission channels correspond to the TR end and the antenna end distances respectively, and the transmission lengths of each are the same; the power splitting layer, the coupling layer, and the feeder layer are all provided with barrier metal columns, and transmission line conversion structures are provided at each port, and a shielding box is loaded. This broadband antenna calibration network is a semi-closed series-parallel feeding structure based on multi-layer coupling technology, with high integration and good shielding performance, and can effectively calibrate amplitude and phase.

[0051] The calibration source enters a 1-to-4-way strip power divider network through the transmission line conversion structure inside the shielding box and flows to the matching load at the end. Part of the energy is coupled to the lower feeder layer through the coupling slots. Among them, the blocking metal posts prevent energy leakage, the isolation resistors improve the network isolation, the transmission line conversion structure ensures impedance matching after the strip structure is windowed, and the shielding box improves the network shielding. When the energy passes through the coupling slots above each transmission channel, in order to ensure that the coupling amounts are relatively consistent, the slot diameter and slot pitch can be adjusted. Among them, the blocking metal posts reduce the mutual coupling between 16 groups of coupling slots. After the coupled energy enters the transmission channel, it flows to the TR end and the antenna end through the transmission line conversion structures on both sides. Among them, the lengths of the transmission channels are the same to reduce the phase deviation between channels, and the blocking metal posts reduce the signal mutual interference between channels.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0053] (1) The power division layer adopts a 1-to-4-way power divider network composed of broadband two-stage Wilkinson power dividers, with good power distribution effect and high isolation.

[0054] (2) The coupling layer adopts a multi-slot form, which can achieve a flat and adjustable weak coupling characteristic within a broadband.

[0055] (3) The lengths of the transmission channels in the feeder layer are the same, effectively reducing the phase deviation between channels.

[0056] (4) By using blocking metal posts, transmission line conversion structures and shielding boxes, the stability and shielding of the overall calibration network are improved.

[0057] (5) The overall is a semi-closed series-parallel feeding structure based on multi-layer coupling technology. The operating frequency band of the overall antenna calibration network is 8 - 16 GHz, the in-band coupling degree is 34.5 - 37.5 dB, the phase inconsistency is less than 2°, the voltage standing wave ratio is less than 1.4, and the isolation is greater than 54 dB. Among them, the in-band coupling degree inconsistency of the same port is less than 2.5 dB, and the in-band coupling degree inconsistency of different ports at the same frequency point is less than 2.4 dB.

[0058] In the above description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "another embodiment" or "certain embodiments" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0060] The above is a specific description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent deformations or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent deformations or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology, characterized in that, Comprising: A power splitting layer, including a 1-way to 4-way power splitting network in a strip structure, and the 1-way to 4-way power splitting network includes three two-stage Wilkinson power splitters; A coupling layer, including 16 groups of coupling slots, and each group of coupling slots is composed of one first coupling slot, two second coupling slots and two third coupling slots; A feeder layer, including two groups of feeders symmetric about the center, and each group of feeders includes 8 bent transmission channels; The power splitting layer is arranged in the first laminated layer, and the first laminated layer is arranged between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer; the coupling layer is arranged in the second laminated layer, and the second laminated layer is arranged between the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer; the feeder layer is arranged in the third laminated layer, and the third laminated layer is arranged between the third dielectric layer and the fourth dielectric layer; metal grounds are provided on the first dielectric layer and the fourth dielectric layer.

2. The broadband antenna calibration network based on a multi-layer coupling technique according to claim 1, wherein For the energy leakage of the 1-way to 4-way power splitting network, the mutual coupling of the coupling slots, and the signal mutual interference between the transmission channels, barrier metal posts are drilled on the power splitting layer, the coupling layer and the feeder layer.

3. A broadband antenna calibration network based on a multi-layer coupling technology according to claim 1, characterized in that Two isolation resistors are provided on each of the two-stage Wilkinson power splitters to improve the isolation degree; among them, the ends of the second two-stage Wilkinson power splitter and the third two-stage Wilkinson power splitter are connected with matching loads.

4. A broadband antenna calibration network based on a multi-layer coupling technique according to claim 3, characterized in that, The isolation resistors and the matching loads are designed in a windowing manner.

5. A broadband antenna calibration network based on a multi-layer coupling technology according to claim 4, characterized in that, To facilitate integration with the antenna array and considering the matching load, the ports of the broadband antenna calibration network and the ends of the two-stage Wilkinson power splitters are all output in a microstrip form, and a transmission line conversion structure is provided; Adopting the windowing and the transmission line conversion structure makes the closed strip line structure become a semi-closed structure.

6. The broadband antenna calibration network based on a multi-layer coupling technique according to claim 1, characterized in that A shielding box is provided at the port of the power splitting layer to improve the shielding performance.

7. A broadband antenna calibration network based on a multi-layer coupling technology according to claim 1, characterized in that The distances between the two ends of the transmission channels respectively correspond to the distances of the TR end and the antenna end, and the channel lengths are kept consistent to reduce the phase deviation between the channels.

8. A broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second coupling slot and the third coupling slot are symmetric about the first coupling slot, and the distance between each group of coupling slots is the distance of the TR end.

9. A broadband antenna calibration network based on a multi-layer coupling technology according to claim 1, characterized in that Each path of the 1-way to 4-way power splitting network is connected in series with 4 groups of coupling slots, the 4 paths are in a parallel relationship, and the 4 groups of coupling slots in each path are in a series relationship, and the overall calibration network is a series-parallel structure.

10. A broadband antenna calibration network based on multi-layer coupling technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, To improve the impedance matching, equilateral triangular blocks with side lengths equal to the line widths of the respective transmission lines are cut off at the bends of the respective transmission lines, and the two-stage branch lines of the two-stage Wilkinson power splitters are transitioned in an arc shape.

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