Thermal management system

Abstract

The present application discloses a thermal management system. In the first defrosting mode, the outlet of the compressor is communicated with the inlet of the first indoor heat exchanger, the outlet of the first indoor heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger, the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the first flow regulating device, the outlet of the first flow regulating device is communicated with the inlet of the first heat exchange part, the second heat exchange part is connected to the heat source device to form a loop, and the first heat exchange part exchanges heat with the second heat exchange part. In the first defrosting mode of the present application, the high-temperature medium first flows through the first indoor heat exchanger to ensure the heating effect, then flows through the outdoor heat exchanger to achieve defrosting, and then the throttled medium absorbs heat from the heat source device through the first heat exchanger. The throttled medium does not absorb heat from the indoor air but from the heat source device, improving the phenomenon of the temperature reduction in the passenger compartment and being able to ensure the heating effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of thermal management, and particularly to a thermal management system. Background Art

[0002] The thermal management system of a vehicle (such as an electric vehicle) can adjust the ambient temperature in the passenger compartment through an indoor heat exchanger.

[0003] The thermal management system includes an indoor heat exchanger and an outdoor heat exchanger. In the heating mode, the indoor heat exchanger releases heat, and the outdoor heat exchanger absorbs heat, thereby realizing heating the passenger compartment. In the cold winter, after the thermal management system operates in the heating mode for a period of time and the ambient temperature reaches the dew point temperature, frost may appear on the outer surface of the outdoor heat exchanger, which will affect the heating effect of the thermal management system. In the related art, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows through the indoor condenser for heating, the refrigerant flowing into the flow regulating device is introduced into the outdoor heat exchanger, and defrosting is realized by using the heat of the refrigerant. The refrigerant throttled by the flow regulating device flows into the indoor evaporator again to exchange heat with air, which will cause the temperature on the passenger compartment side to decrease and the heating effect to be poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems existing in the related art, this application provides a thermal management system that can not only realize defrosting but also ensure the heating effect.

[0005] To achieve the above object, this application adopts the following technical solution: A thermal management system includes: a compressor, a first indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first flow regulating device, a first heat exchanger, and a heat source device. The first heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange part and a second heat exchange part, and the first heat exchange part is not connected to the second heat exchange part;

[0006] The thermal management system includes a first defrosting mode. In the first defrosting mode, the second heat exchange part is connected to the heat source device to form a loop, the first flow regulating device is in a throttling state, the outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the first indoor heat exchanger, the outlet of the first indoor heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger, the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the first flow regulating device, the outlet of the first flow regulating device is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange part, the outlet of the first heat exchange part is connected to the inlet of the compressor, and the first heat exchange part exchanges heat with the second heat exchange part.

[0007] In the first defrosting mode of the present application, the high-temperature medium first flows through the first indoor heat exchanger to ensure the heating effect, then flows through the outdoor heat exchanger to achieve defrosting, and then the throttled medium absorbs heat from the heat source device through the first heat exchanger. The present application utilizes the residual temperature of the medium flowing out of the first indoor heat exchanger to achieve defrosting, and utilizes the first heat exchanger to absorb heat from the heat source device. The throttled medium does not absorb heat from the indoor air but from the heat source device, improving the phenomenon of the passenger compartment temperature dropping and ensuring the heating effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 is a connection schematic diagram of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0009] Figure 2 is a connection schematic diagram of the first refrigeration mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0010] Figure 3 is a connection schematic diagram of the second refrigeration mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0011] Figure 4 is a connection schematic diagram of the third refrigeration mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0012] Figure 5 is a connection schematic diagram of the first heating mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0013] Figure 6 is a connection schematic diagram of the second heating mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0014] Figure 7 is a connection schematic diagram of the third heating mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0015] Figure 8 is a connection schematic diagram of the heating and dehumidifying mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0016] Figure 9 is a connection schematic diagram of the first defrosting mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0017] Figure 10 is a connection schematic diagram of the second defrosting mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0018] Figure 11 is a connection schematic diagram of the first auxiliary heating mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0019] Figure 12 is a connection schematic diagram of the second auxiliary heating mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0020] Figure 13 It is a connection schematic diagram of another embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0021] Figure 14 It is a connection schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0022] Figure 15 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the first flow direction regulating device of the present application;

[0023] Figure 16 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the parallel flow liquid-cooled heat exchanger of the present application;

[0024] Figure 17 It is a sectional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the gas-liquid separation device of the present application. Detailed Embodiments

[0025] Here, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and examples thereof are shown in the drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0026] The terms used in the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "the", and "said" used in the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0027] It should be understood that the "first", "second", and similar terms used in the specification and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, terms such as "one" or "a" do not denote a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one; "a plurality" indicates a quantity of two or more. Unless otherwise specified, terms such as "front", "rear", "lower", and / or "upper" are for convenience of description only and are not limited to a position or a spatial orientation. The terms "including" or "comprising" and the like are intended to cover the elements or items appearing before "including" or "comprising" and the equivalents of the elements or items listed after "including" or "comprising", and do not exclude other elements or items.

[0028] The thermal management system of the exemplary embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Without conflict, the features in the following embodiments and implementation manners can be mutually supplemented or combined.

[0029] According to a specific embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application, as Figure 1 shown, the thermal management system includes a first heat exchanger 5 and a second heat exchanger 6. The first heat exchanger 5 includes a first heat exchange part 51 and a second heat exchange part 52. The first heat exchange part 51 and the second heat exchange part 52 can perform heat exchange. Both the first heat exchange part 51 and the second heat exchange part 52 are provided with flow channels, and the flow channels of the first heat exchange part 51 and the flow channels of the second heat exchange part 52 are isolated from each other and not connected. The second heat exchanger 6 includes a third heat exchange part 61 and a fourth heat exchange part 62. The third heat exchange part 61 and the fourth heat exchange part 62 can perform heat exchange. Both the third heat exchange part 61 and the fourth heat exchange part 62 are provided with flow channels, and the flow channels of the third heat exchange part 61 and the flow channels of the fourth heat exchange part 62 are isolated from each other and not connected. The refrigerant can exchange heat with the coolant through both the first heat exchanger 5 and the second heat exchanger 6. The first heat exchanger 5 and the second heat exchanger 6 can be one of a plate heat exchanger, a parallel flow liquid-cooled heat exchanger, or other liquid-cooled heat exchangers. The first heat exchanger 5 and the second heat exchanger 6 can be the same or different.

[0030] When the refrigerant uses a high-pressure refrigerant (such as CO2 refrigerant), both the first heat exchanger 5 and the second heat exchanger 6 are selected as parallel flow liquid-cooled heat exchangers. Compared with the plate heat exchanger, the parallel flow liquid-cooled heat exchanger has stronger pressure resistance and lower bursting risk. Referring to Figure 16 , the parallel flow liquid-cooled heat exchanger includes a plurality of microchannel flat tubes 100 arranged in parallel, a first header 200 connected to one end of the microchannel flat tubes 100, a second header 300 connected to the other end of the microchannel flat tubes 100, and a housing 400 surrounding the microchannel flat tubes 100 and located between the two headers. The refrigerant can flow into a cavity of the first header 200 on one side, then flow through a part of the microchannel flat tubes 100 to the second header 300 on the other side, and then flow out of another cavity of the first header 200 after passing through another part of the microchannel flat tubes 100. The coolant flows in the gap between the microchannel flat tubes 100 in the cavity formed by the housing 400, so as to realize the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the coolant.

[0031] Each component of the thermal management system is connected to form two major systems, namely the refrigerant system and the coolant system. The refrigerant system and the coolant system are isolated from each other and not connected. Among them, the coolant system circulates the coolant, and the refrigerant system circulates the refrigerant. The refrigerant can be R134A, carbon dioxide, or other heat exchange media, and the coolant can be a mixed solution of ethanol and water or other cooling media. Among them, the flow channels of the first heat exchange part 51 and the flow channels of the third heat exchange part 61 are connected to the refrigerant system, and the flow channels of the second heat exchange part 52 and the flow channels of the fourth heat exchange part 62 are connected to the coolant system.

[0032] It should be noted that the statement "the flow channels of the first heat exchange part 51 and the flow channels of the third heat exchange part 61 are connected to the refrigerant system" means that the refrigerant system includes the first heat exchange part 51 and the third heat exchange part 61, and the refrigerant in the refrigerant system can flow into and out of the flow channels of the first heat exchange part 51 and the third heat exchange part 61. The first heat exchange part 51 and the third heat exchange part 61 can be connected to the components in the refrigerant system through pipelines. When the thermal management system is working, a loop is formed after being connected through pipelines. By the same token, the flow channels of the second heat exchange part 52 and the flow channels of the fourth heat exchange part 62 are connected to the coolant system. Refer to the above explanation.

[0033] In this embodiment, the refrigerant system includes: a compressor 1, a first indoor heat exchanger 101, a second indoor heat exchanger 102, an outdoor heat exchanger 103, a first heat exchange part 51, a third heat exchange part 61, a third heat exchanger 7, a first flow regulating device 2, a second flow regulating device 3, a third flow regulating device 4, a first valve 201, a second valve 202, a third valve 203, a fourth valve 204, a fifth valve 205, a sixth valve 206, and a gas-liquid separator 10. The above components can be indirectly connected to each other through pipelines or valve parts.

[0034] The third heat exchanger 7 includes a fifth heat exchange part 71 and a sixth heat exchange part 72. The fifth heat exchange part 71 and the sixth heat exchange part 72 can perform heat exchange. Both the fifth heat exchange part 71 and the sixth heat exchange part 72 are provided with flow channels. The flow channels of the fifth heat exchange part 71 and the flow channels of the sixth heat exchange part 72 are isolated from each other and are not connected within the third heat exchanger 7. The flow channels of the fifth heat exchange part 71 and the flow channels of the sixth heat exchange part 72 are respectively connected to the refrigerant system. Refrigerant flows through both the fifth heat exchange part 71 and the sixth heat exchange part 72, but it is the refrigerant in different sections of the thermal management system. The flow channels of the sixth heat exchange part 72 are connected between the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 10 and the inlet of the compressor 1, and can be used to increase the temperature of the refrigerant entering the compressor 1, thereby reducing the liquid slugging phenomenon of the compressor 1. In the refrigeration mode, the flow channels of the fifth heat exchange part 71 are connected between the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 103 and the inlet of the first flow regulating device 2 or the inlet of the second flow regulating device 3, and can be used to reduce the temperature of the refrigerant before throttling, thereby improving the refrigeration effect.

[0035] The refrigerant system includes a first branch A1, a second branch A2, a third branch A3, and a fourth branch A4. Among them, the first branch A1 and the second branch A2 are arranged in parallel.

[0036] The first indoor heat exchanger 101, the third flow regulating device 4, the second indoor heat exchanger 102 and the second flow regulating device 3 are arranged in the first branch A1. The first branch A1 has a first end and a second end. From the first end of the first branch A1 to the second end of the first branch A1, the first indoor heat exchanger 101, the third flow regulating device 4, the second indoor heat exchanger 102 and the second flow regulating device 3 are arranged in sequence. That is, the first port of the first indoor heat exchanger 101 is close to the first end of the first branch A1. The second port of the first indoor heat exchanger 101 is connected to the first port of the third flow regulating device 4. The second port of the third flow regulating device 4 is connected to the first port of the second indoor heat exchanger 102. The second port of the second indoor heat exchanger 102 is connected to the first port of the second flow regulating device 3. The second port of the second flow regulating device 3 is close to the second end of the first branch A1.

[0037] The third valve 203, the first heat exchange part 51 and the first flow regulating device 2 are arranged in the second branch A2. The second branch A2 has a first end and a second end. From the first end of the second branch A2 to the second end of the second branch A2, the third valve 203, the first heat exchange part 51 and the first flow regulating device 2 are arranged in sequence. That is, the first port of the third valve 203 is close to the first end of the second branch A2. The second port of the third valve 203 is connected to the first port of the first heat exchange part 51. The second port of the first heat exchange part 51 is connected to the first port of the first flow regulating device 2. The second port of the first flow regulating device 2 is close to the second end of the second branch A2.

[0038] The first valve 201 is arranged in the third branch A3. The third branch A3 has a first end and a second end. The first end of the third branch A3 is connected between the second port of the first indoor heat exchanger 101 and the first port of the third flow regulating device 4. The second end of the third branch A3 is connected to the second port of the outdoor heat exchanger 103. The first port of the first valve 201 is close to the first end of the third branch A3. The second port of the first valve 201 is close to the second end of the third branch A3. In some other embodiments, the first end of the third branch A3 can also be connected between the first port of the second indoor heat exchanger 102 and the second port of the third flow regulating device 4.

[0039] The second valve 202 is arranged in the fourth branch A4. The fourth branch A4 has a first end and a second end. The first end of the fourth branch A4 is connected between the second port of the third valve 203 and the first port of the first heat exchange part 51. The second end of the third branch A3 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 10. The first port of the second valve 202 is close to the first end of the fourth branch A4. The second port of the second valve 202 is close to the second end of the fourth branch A4.

[0040] In the refrigerant system, the outlet of the compressor 1 is connected to the first port of the fifth valve 205 and the first port of the sixth valve 206. The second port of the fifth valve 205 is connected to one port of the third heat exchange part 61 and the second port of the fourth valve 204. The other port of the third heat exchange part 61 is connected to the second port of the outdoor heat exchanger 103 and the second port of the first valve 201. The second port of the sixth valve 206 is connected to the first end of the first branch A1 and the first end of the second branch A2. The second ends of the first branch A1 and the second branch A2 are both connected to one port of the fifth heat exchange part 71. The other port of the fifth heat exchange part 71 is connected to the first port of the outdoor heat exchanger 103. The second port of the fourth valve 204 and the second port of the second valve 202 are both connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 10. The outlet of the gas-liquid separator 10 is connected to one port of the sixth heat exchange part 72. The other port of the sixth heat exchange part 72 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 1.

[0041] The first valve 201, the second valve 202, the third valve 203, the fourth valve 204, the fifth valve 205 and the sixth valve 206 all have a conducting function and a cut-off function. Optionally, the first valve 201, the second valve 202, the third valve 203, the fourth valve 204, the fifth valve 205 and the sixth valve 206 are all stop valves. Of course, the first valve 201, the second valve 202, the third valve 203, the fourth valve 204, the fifth valve 205 and the sixth valve 206 can also be other types of valve parts with a conducting function and a cut-off function. The types of the first valve 201, the second valve 202, the third valve 203, the fourth valve 204, the fifth valve 205 and the sixth valve 206 can be the same or different, and the present application does not limit this.

[0042] The first flow regulating device 2 at least has a cut-off function and a bi-directional throttling function. The second flow regulating device 3 and the third flow regulating device 4 both at least have a conducting function, a cut-off function and a bi-directional throttling function. Optionally, the first flow regulating device 2, the second flow regulating device 3 and the third flow regulating device 4 are all electronic expansion valves. Of course, the first flow regulating device 2, the second flow regulating device 3 and the third flow regulating device 4 can also be other types of valve parts or combinations of valve parts. Their types can be the same or different, and the present application does not limit this. By adjusting the working states of the first valve 201, the second valve 202, the third valve 203, the fourth valve 204, the fifth valve 205, the sixth valve 206, the first flow regulating device 2, the second flow regulating device 3 and the third flow regulating device 4, different working conditions of the refrigerant system can be switched, and at least functions such as heating, cooling, heating and dehumidifying, and defrosting can be achieved.

[0043] In some embodiments, the gas-liquid separator 10 and the third heat exchanger 7 can be integrated to form a gas-liquid separation device, which has both the gas-liquid separation function of the gas-liquid separator 10 and the heat exchange function of the third heat exchanger 7. Referring to Figure 17 , the gas-liquid separation device includes an inner cylinder 301, an outer cylinder 302, a gas-liquid separation component 303 and a heat exchange component 304. The gas-liquid separation component 303 is at least partially located in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 301, and the heat exchange component 304 is at least partially located in the sandwich cavity formed between the inner cylinder 301 and the outer cylinder 302. The gas-liquid separation device includes a first inlet 305, a second inlet 307, a first outlet 306 and a second outlet 308. The gas-liquid separation component 303 is used to perform gas-liquid separation on the refrigerant flowing into through the first inlet 305. The liquid refrigerant after gas-liquid separation is stored in the inner cylinder 301, and the gaseous refrigerant flows into the sandwich cavity to exchange heat with the heat exchange component 304 and then flows out of the gas-liquid separation device through the first outlet 306. One of the second inlet 307 and the second outlet 308 is the inlet of the heat exchange component 304, and the other is the outlet of the heat exchange component 304. The refrigerant flows through the inner cavity of the heat exchange component 304. In this embodiment, the first inlet 305 is connected to the second port of the fourth valve 204 and the second port of the second valve 202, the first outlet 306 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 1, the second inlet 307 is connected to the first port of the outdoor heat exchanger 103, and the second outlet 308 is connected to the second ends of the first branch A1 and the second branch A2.

[0044] The coolant system includes: a first pump 11, a second pump 12, a third pump 13, a second heat exchange part 52, a fourth heat exchange part 62, a fourth heat exchanger 104, a fifth heat exchanger 105, a heat source device, a first flow direction regulating device 8 and a second flow direction regulating device 9. These components can be indirectly connected to each other through pipelines or valve parts.

[0045] The heat source device is a device capable of providing heat. For example, a battery heat exchange device 106, a motor heat exchange device 107 and a heating device 108. The motor heat exchange device 107 exchanges heat with the motor for heat management of the motor. The battery heat exchange device 106 exchanges heat with the battery for heat management of the battery. The heating device 108 is used to heat the coolant. Optionally, the heating device 108 is a liquid-cooled PTC electric heater. It should be understood that when the external environment is relatively low, the motor and the battery may need to be preheated, but after running for a period of time, the motor and the battery will start to heat up and can be used as heat sources.

[0046] The first flow direction regulating device 8 includes a first connection port 81, a second connection port 82, a third connection port 83, a fourth connection port 84, and a fifth connection port 85. In this embodiment, the first flow direction regulating device 8 includes a valve body and a valve core. The first connection port 81, the second connection port 82, the third connection port 83, the fourth connection port 84, and the fifth connection port 85 are not connected on the surface of the valve body. The valve core is arranged inside the valve body and can move within the valve body to adjust the connection and cut-off conditions among the first connection port 81, the second connection port 82, the third connection port 83, the fourth connection port 84, and the fifth connection port 85. Optionally, the second flow direction regulating device 9 is a five-way valve. In some other embodiments, the second flow direction regulating device 9 can be a combination of multiple valve parts.

[0047] The first flow direction regulating device 8 has a first working state, a second working state, a third working state, and a fourth working state. The valve core can control the first flow direction regulating device 8 to be in one of the first working state, the second working state, the third working state, and the fourth working state. When the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the first working state, the first connection port 81 is connected to the second connection port 82, and the third connection port 83 is connected to the fourth connection port 84. When the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the second working state, the first connection port 81 is connected to the fourth connection port 84, and the second connection port 82 is connected to the third connection port 83. When the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the third working state, the first connection port 81 is connected to the second connection port 82, and the fourth connection port 84 is connected to the fifth connection port 85. When the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the fourth working state, the first connection port 81 is connected to the fourth connection port 84, and the second connection port 82 is connected to the fifth connection port 85.

[0048] The second flow direction regulating device 9 includes a sixth connection port 91, a seventh connection port 92, an eighth connection port 93, and a ninth connection port 94. The second flow direction regulating device 9 has a first working mode and a second working mode. In the first working mode, the sixth connection port 91 is connected to the seventh connection port 92, and the eighth connection port 93 is connected to the ninth connection port 94. In the second working mode, the sixth connection port 91 is connected to the ninth connection port 94, and the eighth connection port 93 is connected to the seventh connection port 92. Optionally, the second flow direction regulating device 9 is a four-way valve, or a combination of multiple stop valves.

[0049] The coolant system includes a first flow direction regulating device 8, a first flow path B1, and a second flow path. The second flow path includes a second flow direction regulating device 9, a first sub-flow path B2, a second sub-flow path B3, a third sub-flow path B4, and a fourth sub-flow path B5.

[0050] The first pump 11, the heating device 108, and the fourth heat exchanger 104 are arranged in the first flow path B1, and the outlet of the heating device 108 is connected to the inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 104. The third pump 13, the battery heat exchange device 106, and the second heat exchange part 52 are arranged in the first sub-flow path B2, and the outlet of the second heat exchange part 52 is connected to the inlet of the battery heat exchange device 106. The second pump 12, the motor heat exchange device 107, and the fourth heat exchange part 62 are arranged in the second sub-flow path B3, and the outlet of the motor heat exchange device 107 is connected to the inlet of the fourth heat exchange part 62. The fifth heat exchanger 105 is arranged in the third sub-flow path B4, and the fourth sub-flow path B5 is a circulation pipeline.

[0051] The first port of the first flow path B1 is connected to the first connection port 81, and the second port of the first flow path B1 is connected to the second connection port 82. The first port of the first sub-flow path B2 is connected to the sixth connection port 91, and the second port of the first sub-flow path B2 is connected to the seventh connection port 92. The first port of the second sub-flow path B3 is connected to the eighth connection port 93, and the second port of the second sub-flow path B3 is connected to the fourth connection port 84. The first port of the third sub-flow path B4 is connected to the fifth connection port 85, and the second port of the third sub-flow path B4 is connected to the ninth connection port 94. The first port of the fourth sub-flow path B5 is connected to the third connection port 83, and the second port of the fourth sub-flow path B5 is connected to the ninth connection port 94.

[0052] The first pump 11, the second pump 12, and the third pump 13 provide power for the flow of the coolant in the coolant system. Optionally, the first pump 11, the second pump 12, and the third pump 13 are electronic water pumps. The fifth heat exchanger 105 is an air-cooled heat exchanger for heat exchange with air. Optionally, the fifth heat exchanger 105 is a low-temperature water tank, and the structure and design principle of the low-temperature water tank are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated in this application.

[0053] By adjusting the working states of the first flow direction regulating device 8 and the second flow direction regulating device 9, the switching of the connection relationship between the first flow path B1, the first sub-flow path B2, the second sub-flow path B3, the third sub-flow path B4, and the fourth sub-flow path B5 can be realized. Among them, the first flow path B1 and the first sub-flow path B2 can respectively form small loops independently.

[0054] The thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle has an air conditioning box 109 that exchanges heat with the air in the passenger compartment. The first indoor heat exchanger 101, the second indoor heat exchanger 102, and the fourth heat exchanger 104 are arranged in the air conditioning box 109. The first indoor heat exchanger 101 is located on the downstream side of the second indoor heat exchanger 102 with respect to the air flow, and the fourth heat exchanger 104 is located on the downstream side of the first indoor heat exchanger 101 with respect to the air flow. A blower is provided in the air conditioning box 109 to guide the flow of air in the air conditioning box 109. A front-end module composed of an outdoor heat exchanger 103, a fifth heat exchanger 105, and a fan device is arranged near the vehicle's front air intake grille. The fifth heat exchanger 105 is located on the downstream side of the outdoor heat exchanger 103 with respect to the air flow, and the fan device is used to guide the flow of air.

[0055] The thermal management system of this embodiment has multiple working modes, including a heating mode, a cooling mode, a heating and dehumidifying mode, an auxiliary heating mode, a battery preheating mode, a battery cooling mode, a defrosting mode, and other heat dissipation modes, etc. The thermal management system of this embodiment is applicable not only to vehicles but also to other heat exchange systems that require thermal management. For the convenience of description, the specification of this application takes a vehicle as an example for illustration.

[0056] As Figures 2 to 4 shown, when the ambient air temperature is relatively high, according to whether there is a cooling demand in the passenger compartment and the battery, the thermal management system has operating conditions of single cooling in the passenger compartment, single cooling in the battery, or simultaneous cooling of the passenger compartment and the battery.

[0057] Referring to Figure 2 , when only the passenger compartment has a cooling demand, the thermal management system is in the first cooling mode. The compressor 1 is turned on, the refrigerant system is in a working state, the first valve 201, the fourth valve 204, and the sixth valve 206 are in a cut-off state, the second valve 202, the third valve 203, and the fifth valve 205 are in a conducting state, the first flow regulating device 2 is in a cut-off state, the second flow regulating device 3 is in a throttling state, and the third flow regulating device 4 is in a conducting state. The compressor 1, the third heat exchange part 61, the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the fifth heat exchange part 71, the second flow regulating device 3, the second indoor heat exchanger 102, the third flow regulating device 4, the second indoor heat exchanger 102, the gas-liquid separator 10, and the sixth heat exchange part 72 are connected to form a refrigerant circuit.

[0058] At this time, the coolant system adjusts the working states of the first flow direction adjusting device 8 and the second flow direction adjusting device 9 according to whether the motor and the battery have heat dissipation requirements. When only the motor has a heat dissipation requirement, the first flow direction adjusting device 8 is in the third working state, the second flow direction adjusting device 9 is in the first working mode, and the first pump 11 and the third pump 13 may not work. The second pump 12, the motor heat exchange device 107, the fourth heat exchange part 62, and the fifth heat exchanger 105 are connected to form a coolant loop, and the heat of the motor is released to the atmospheric environment through the fifth heat exchanger 105. When both the battery and the motor have heat dissipation requirements, refer Figure 2 , the first flow direction adjusting device 8 is in the third working state, the second flow direction adjusting device 9 is in the second working mode, and the first pump 11 may not work. The second heat exchange part 52, the third pump 13, the battery heat exchange device 106, the second pump 12, the motor heat exchange device 107, the fourth heat exchange part 62, and the fifth heat exchanger 105 are connected to form a coolant loop, and the heat of the battery and the motor is released to the atmospheric environment through the fifth heat exchanger 105. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the coolant in the coolant system through the second heat exchanger 6.

[0059] The high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 flows into the third heat exchange part 61. The refrigerant with a higher temperature in the third heat exchange part 61 transfers heat to the coolant in the fourth heat exchange part 62, and part of the heat of the refrigerant is taken away through the circulating flow of the coolant in the coolant system. Then the refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 103, exchanges heat with the air, and the temperature of the refrigerant decreases again. The refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 103 flows to the first branch A1. The refrigerant enters the first branch A1, is throttled by the second flow rate adjusting device 3, and then flows through the second indoor heat exchanger 102 and the first indoor heat exchanger 101 in sequence. The first indoor heat exchanger 101 and the second indoor heat exchanger 102 are used as evaporators, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air in the passenger compartment air conditioner box 109, so as to realize the cooling of the passenger compartment. The refrigerant flowing out of the first branch A1 flows through the gas-liquid separator 10 and the sixth heat exchange part 72 in sequence, and then returns to the compressor 1, and circulates in this way.

[0060] The gas-liquid separator 10 is used to separate the refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state into gaseous refrigerant and liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant is stored in the gas-liquid separator 10, and the gaseous refrigerant flows to the compressor 1. In some embodiments, if there is a liquid storage tank in the compressor 1 or all the refrigerant flowing into the compressor 1 is gaseous, the gas-liquid separator 10 may not be provided, and the refrigerant directly returns to the compressor 1.

[0061] Refer to Figure 3, when both the passenger compartment and the battery have cooling requirements, the thermal management system is in the second refrigeration mode. The compressor 1 is turned on, the refrigerant system is in operation, the first valve 201, the fourth valve 204, and the sixth valve 206 are in the closed state, the second valve 202, the third valve 203, and the fifth valve 205 are in the conducting state, the first flow regulating device 2 and the second flow regulating device 3 are in the throttling state, and the third flow regulating device 4 is in the conducting state. The compressor 1, the third heat exchange part 61, the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the fifth heat exchange part 71, the second flow regulating device 3, the second indoor heat exchanger 102, the third flow regulating device 4, the first indoor heat exchanger 101, the gas-liquid separator 10, and the sixth heat exchange part 72 are connected to form a refrigerant circuit, and the compressor 1, the third heat exchange part 61, the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the fifth heat exchange part 71, the first flow regulating device 2, the first heat exchange part 51, the gas-liquid separator 10, and the sixth heat exchange part 72 are connected to form a refrigerant circuit.

[0062] At this time, the first flow direction regulating device 8 in the coolant system is in the third working state, and the second flow direction regulating device 9 is in the first working mode. The second pump 12, the motor heat exchange device 107, the fourth heat exchange part 62, and the fifth heat exchanger 105 are connected to form a coolant circuit. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the coolant in the coolant system through the second heat exchanger 6, and the heat of the motor is released to the atmospheric environment through the fifth heat exchanger 105. Also, the third pump 13, the battery heat exchange device 106, and the second heat exchange part 52 are connected to form a coolant circuit. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the coolant in the coolant system through the first heat exchanger 5.

[0063] The difference between the second refrigeration mode and the first refrigeration mode is that the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 103 in the refrigerant system is divided into two paths, one path flowing to the first branch A1 and the other path flowing to the second branch A2. The refrigerant enters the first branch A1, is throttled by the second flow regulating device 3, and then flows through the second indoor heat exchanger 102 and the first indoor heat exchanger 101 in sequence. The first indoor heat exchanger 101 and the second indoor heat exchanger 102 are used as evaporators, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air in the passenger compartment air conditioner 109, thereby achieving the cooling of the passenger compartment. The refrigerant enters the second branch A2, is throttled by the first flow regulating device 2, and then flows into the first heat exchange part 51. The refrigerant in the first heat exchange part 51 exchanges heat with the coolant in the second heat exchange part 52, reducing the temperature of the coolant. Through the circulating flow of the coolant, the purpose of cooling the battery is achieved. The refrigerant flowing out of the first branch A1 and the refrigerant flowing out of the second branch A2 flow through the gas-liquid separator 10 and the sixth heat exchange part 72, and then return to the compressor 1, and so on in a cycle. In this mode, the battery can be cooled by the refrigerant, and a better cooling effect can be achieved. The similarities between the second refrigeration mode and the first refrigeration mode will not be elaborated here and can be referred to the above description.

[0064] Reference Figure 4 When only the batteries have a cooling requirement, the thermal management system is in the third refrigeration mode. The compressor 1 is turned on, the refrigerant system is in operation, the first valve 201, the fourth valve 204, and the sixth valve 206 are in the cut-off state, the second valve 202, the third valve 203, and the fifth valve 205 are in the conducting state, at least one of the third flow regulating device 4 and the second flow regulating device 3 is in the cut-off state, and the first flow regulating device 2 is in the throttling state. The compressor 1, the third heat exchange part 61, the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the fifth heat exchange part 71, the first flow regulating device 2, the first heat exchange part 51, the gas-liquid separator 10, and the sixth heat exchange part 72 are connected to form a refrigerant circuit. At this time, the flow state of the coolant in this mode is the same as the flow principle of the coolant in the second refrigeration mode, which can be referred to the above description and will not be elaborated here.

[0065] Compared with the second refrigeration mode, the difference in the third refrigeration mode is that all the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 103 in the refrigerant system flows to the second branch A2, is throttled by the first flow regulating device 2 and then flows into the first heat exchange part 51. The refrigerant in the first heat exchange part 51 exchanges heat with the coolant in the second heat exchange part 52 to lower the temperature of the coolant. Through the circulating flow of the coolant, the purpose of cooling the batteries is achieved. The refrigerant flowing out of the second branch A2 flows through the gas-liquid separator 10 and the sixth heat exchange part 72 in sequence, and then returns to the compressor 1, and so on in a cycle. In this mode, the batteries can be cooled by the refrigerant, and a better cooling effect can be achieved. The similarities between the second refrigeration mode and the first refrigeration mode will not be elaborated and can be referred to the above description.

[0066] In the first refrigeration mode, the second refrigeration mode, and the third refrigeration mode of the thermal management system of the present application, through the action of the second heat exchanger 6 and the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the temperature of the refrigerant is reduced twice before flowing to the first branch A1 or flowing to the second branch A2, so that the refrigerant throttled by the first flow regulating device 2 or the second flow regulating device 3 has a lower temperature, so that the refrigerant in the first branch A1 can absorb more heat of the air at the first indoor heat exchanger 101 and the second indoor heat exchanger 102, or the refrigerant in the second branch A2 can absorb the heat of the coolant at the first heat exchange part 51, improving the refrigeration effect. In addition, both the first indoor heat exchanger 101 and the second indoor heat exchanger 102 are used as evaporators. Compared with the structure with only one indoor heat exchanger, the two indoor heat exchangers can improve the refrigeration capacity.

[0067] As Figures 5 to 7 shown, when the ambient temperature is relatively low, according to whether the passenger compartment and the batteries have a heating requirement, the thermal management system has working conditions of single heating for the passenger compartment, single heating for the batteries, or simultaneous heating for the passenger compartment and the batteries.

[0068] ReferenceFigure 5 When only the passenger compartment has a heating requirement, the thermal management system is in the first heating mode. The compressor 1 is turned on, the refrigerant system is in operation, the first valve 201, the second valve 202, and the fifth valve 205 are in the closed state, the fourth valve 204 and the sixth valve 206 are in the conducting state, at least one of the third valve 203 and the first flow regulating device 2 is in the closed state, the second flow regulating device 3 is in the throttling state, and the third flow regulating device 4 is in the conducting state. The compressor 1, the third heat exchange part 61, the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the fifth heat exchange part 71, the second flow regulating device 3, the first indoor heat exchanger 101, the third flow regulating device 4, the second indoor heat exchanger 102, the gas-liquid separator 10, and the sixth heat exchange part 72 are connected to form a refrigerant circuit.

[0069] At this time, the flow state of the coolant in this mode is roughly the same as the flow principle of the coolant in the first refrigeration mode. The similarities can be referred to the above description and will not be elaborated here. The difference is that at this time, the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the first working state, and the waste heat of the motor or the waste heat of the motor and the battery is recovered into the refrigerant system through the second heat exchanger 6. However, when there is more waste heat in the coolant system, the first flow direction regulating device 8 can be switched to the third working state, and the waste heat after waste heat recovery is released into the atmospheric environment through the fifth heat exchanger 105.

[0070] The high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 flows into the first branch A1, successively flows through the first indoor heat exchanger 101 and the second indoor heat exchanger 102, and flows out of the first branch A1 after throttling by the second flow regulating device 3. The first indoor heat exchanger 101 and the second indoor heat exchanger 102 are used as condensers, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air in the passenger compartment air conditioner box 109, thereby realizing heating of the passenger compartment. The refrigerant flowing out of the first branch A1 flows through the fifth heat exchange part 71 and exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the sixth heat exchange part 72. Then the refrigerant successively flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 103 and the third heat exchange part 61, absorbs the heat of the air through the outdoor heat exchanger 103, and then the refrigerant in the third heat exchange part 61 absorbs the heat of the coolant in the fourth heat exchange part 62 to realize waste heat recovery. The refrigerant flowing out of the third heat exchange part 61 successively flows through the gas-liquid separator 10 and the sixth heat exchange part 72, and then returns to the compressor 1, and circulates in this way.

[0071] Refer to Figure 6When both the passenger compartment and the battery have heating requirements, the thermal management system is in the second heating mode. The compressor 1 is turned on, the refrigerant system is in operation, the first valve 201, the second valve 202, and the fifth valve 205 are in the closed state, the third valve 203, the fourth valve 204, and the sixth valve 206 are in the conducting state, the first flow regulating device 2 and the second flow regulating device 3 are in the throttling state, and the third flow regulating device 4 is in the conducting state. The compressor 1, the third heat exchange part 61, the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the fifth heat exchange part 71, the second flow regulating device 3, the first indoor heat exchanger 101, the third flow regulating device 4, the second indoor heat exchanger 102, the gas-liquid separator 10, and the sixth heat exchange part 72 are connected to form a refrigerant circuit. Moreover, the compressor 1, the third heat exchange part 61, the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the fifth heat exchange part 71, the first flow regulating device 2, the first heat exchange part 51, the gas-liquid separator 10, and the sixth heat exchange part 72 are connected to form a refrigerant circuit.

[0072] The flow state of the coolant in this mode is roughly the same as the flow principle of the coolant in the second cooling mode. The similarities can be referred to the above description and will not be elaborated here. The difference is that, at this time, the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the first working state, and the heat of the motor is recovered into the refrigerant system through the second heat exchanger 6. Similarly, when there is more waste heat from the motor, the first flow direction regulating device 8 can be switched to the third working state, and the waste heat after waste heat recovery is released to the atmospheric environment through the fifth heat exchanger 105.

[0073] The difference between the second heating mode and the first heating mode is that the refrigerant flowing out of the compressor 1 in the refrigerant system is divided into two paths, one path flowing to the first branch A1 and the other path flowing to the second branch A2. The refrigerant enters the first branch A1 and successively flows through the first indoor heat exchanger 101, the second indoor heat exchanger 102, and the second flow regulating device 3. After throttling by the second flow regulating device 3, it flows out of the first branch A1. The first indoor heat exchanger 101 and the second indoor heat exchanger 102 are used as condensers, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air in the passenger compartment air conditioner box 109, thereby realizing heating of the passenger compartment. The refrigerant enters the second branch A2 and successively flows through the first heat exchange part 51 and the first flow regulating device 2. After throttling by the first flow regulating device 2, it flows out of the second branch A2. The refrigerant in the first heat exchange part 51 exchanges heat with the coolant in the second heat exchange part 52, raising the temperature of the coolant. Through the circulating flow of the coolant, the purpose of heating the battery is realized. The refrigerant flowing out of the first branch A1 and the refrigerant flowing out of the second branch A2 flow through the fifth heat exchange part 71, the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the third heat exchange part 61, the gas-liquid separator 10, and the sixth heat exchange part 72, and then return to the compressor 1, so as to circulate. In this mode, the battery can be heated through the refrigerant system, and a better heating effect can be achieved. The similarities between the second heating mode and the first heating mode will not be elaborated here and can be referred to the above description.

[0074] Refer to Figure 7 , when only the battery has a heating requirement, the thermal management system is in the third heating mode. The connection state of the refrigerant system and the coolant system in the third heating mode is roughly the same as the connection state of the refrigerant system and the coolant system in the second heating mode. The similarities can be referred to the relevant description of the second heating mode and will not be elaborated here.

[0075] The difference between the third heating mode and the second heating mode is that at least one of the third flow regulating device 4 and the second flow regulating device 3 is in a cut-off state. The compressor 1, the third heat exchange part 61, the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the fifth heat exchange part 71, the first flow regulating device 2, the first heat exchange part 51, the gas-liquid separator 10, and the sixth heat exchange part 72 are connected to form a refrigerant circuit. All the refrigerant flowing out of the compressor 1 in the refrigerant system flows to the second branch A2, successively flows through the first heat exchange part 51 and the first flow regulating device 2. After throttling by the first flow regulating device 2, it flows out of the second branch A2. The refrigerant in the first heat exchange part 51 exchanges heat with the coolant in the second heat exchange part 52, raising the temperature of the coolant. Through the circulating flow of the coolant, the purpose of heating the battery is realized. The refrigerant flowing out of the second branch A2 successively flows through the fifth heat exchange part 71, the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the third heat exchange part 61, the gas-liquid separator 10, and the sixth heat exchange part 72, and then returns to the compressor 1, so as to circulate.

[0076] In the first heating mode, the second heating mode, and the third heating mode of the thermal management system of the present application, through the functions of the second heat exchanger 6 and the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the refrigerant can absorb the heat of the atmospheric environment and also recover the waste heat of the coolant system, enriching the heat source and improving the heating effect. In addition, when the outdoor heat exchanger 103 is frosted, if there is sufficient waste heat in the coolant system, the defrosting mode can be not operated, the second heat exchanger 6 is used as a condenser, and the outdoor heat exchanger 105 is used as a pipeline, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the system. Both the first indoor heat exchanger 101 and the second indoor heat exchanger 102 are used as condensers, which can improve the heating capacity.

[0077] When the ambient temperature is low in winter and the temperature in the passenger compartment is high, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the passenger compartment is large, and water mist or water droplets will condense on the window, affecting the line of sight and posing a safety hazard when driving. The thermal management system of this embodiment has a heating and dehumidifying mode. Refer to Figure 8 , the flow state of the refrigerant in the heating and dehumidifying mode is substantially the same as that of the refrigerant in the first heating mode or the second heating mode. The same parts can refer to the above description and will not be elaborated here. At this time, the coolant system adjusts the working states of the first flow regulating device 8 and the second flow regulating device 9 according to whether there is a heat dissipation requirement for the motor and the battery.

[0078] The difference between the heating and dehumidifying mode and the first heating mode or the second heating mode is that the third flow regulating device 4 is in a throttling state, and the second flow regulating device 3 is in a throttling state or a conducting state. Specifically, the high-temperature refrigerant flowing into the first branch A1 flows through the first indoor heat exchanger 101 and the second indoor heat exchanger 102 in sequence. The first indoor heat exchanger 101 is used as a condenser, and the second indoor heat exchanger 102 is used as an evaporator. Since the first indoor heat exchanger 101 is located on the downwind side of the second indoor heat exchanger 102, the dry air dehumidified by the second indoor heat exchanger 102 is heated by the second indoor heat exchanger 102 and then blown into the passenger compartment, thereby achieving heating and dehumidifying.

[0079] For the thermal management system of the present application, when switching from the first heating mode or the second heating mode to the heating and dehumidifying mode, only the working state of the third flow regulating device 4 can be switched, or only the working states of the second flow regulating device 3 and the third flow regulating device 4 can be switched, and the system operation is simple.

[0080] When there is a heating requirement in the passenger compartment and the thermal management system operates in the first heating mode or the second heating mode for a period of time, due to the low outdoor ambient temperature and the outdoor heat exchanger 103 being used as an evaporator, the outdoor heat exchanger 103 may be frosted. After the outdoor heat exchanger 103 is frosted, the heat exchange performance of the outdoor heat exchanger 103 is reduced, affecting the normal operation of the thermal management system and also having an impact on the comfort in the passenger compartment. As Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, according to the state of the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the heat management system of this embodiment has a first defrosting mode and a second defrosting mode.

[0081] Referring to Figure 9 , when the outdoor heat exchanger 103 is about to frost or there is already a frosting phenomenon, the heat management system is in the first defrosting mode. The compressor 1 is turned on, the refrigerant system is in a working state, the third valve 203, the fourth valve 204, and the fifth valve 205 are in a cut-off state, the first valve 201, the second valve 202, and the sixth valve 206 are in a conducting state, the first flow regulating device 2 is in a throttling state, and at least one of the third flow regulating device 4 and the second flow regulating device 3 is in a cut-off state. The compressor 1, the first indoor heat exchanger 101, the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the fifth heat exchange part 71, the first flow regulating device 2, the first heat exchange part 51, the gas-liquid separator 10, and the sixth heat exchange part 72 are connected to form a refrigerant circuit.

[0082] At this time, the first flow direction regulating device 8 in the coolant system is in the first working state, and the second flow direction regulating device 9 is in the second working mode. The second heat exchange part 52, the third pump 13, the battery heat exchange device 106, the second pump 12, the motor heat exchange device 107, and the fourth heat exchange part 62 are connected to form a coolant circuit. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the coolant in the coolant system through the first heat exchanger 5, and the heat of the motor and the battery is recovered into the refrigerant system through the first heat exchanger 5.

[0083] The high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 flows into the first indoor heat exchanger 101. The first indoor heat exchanger 101 is used as a condenser, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air in the passenger compartment air conditioner box 109, thereby realizing heating of the passenger compartment. Since the first valve 201 is in a conducting state and at least one of the second flow regulating device 3 and the third flow regulating device 4 is in a cut-off state, the refrigerant flowing out of the first indoor heat exchanger 101 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 103 through the third branch A3. The outdoor heat exchanger 103 is used as a condenser, and the refrigerant releases heat to melt the frost outside the outdoor heat exchanger 103, thereby realizing defrosting. The refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 103 flows through the fifth heat exchange part 71. Then, after being throttled by the first flow regulating device 2, it enters the first heat exchange part 51. The refrigerant in the first heat exchange part 51 recovers the heat of the coolant in the second heat exchange part 52, realizing waste heat recovery. The refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchange part 51 flows through the gas-liquid separator 10 and the sixth heat exchange part 72 in sequence, and then returns to the compressor 1, and so on in a cycle.

[0084] In the first defrosting mode of the heat management system of the present application, the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 first flows into the first indoor heat exchanger 101 to ensure the heating effect of the passenger compartment. Then it flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 103, and the waste heat of the refrigerant after condensation and heat release is utilized to achieve the purpose of defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger 103 and reduce the heat loss caused by defrosting. Then the throttled refrigerant recovers the waste heat of the motor and battery in the coolant system through the first heat exchanger 5 to achieve the effective utilization of waste heat.

[0085] Refer to Figure 10 , when the frosting phenomenon of the outdoor heat exchanger 103 is relatively serious and rapid defrosting is required, the heat management system also has a second defrosting mode. The compressor 1 is turned on, the refrigerant system is in a working state, the third valve 203, the fourth valve 204, and the sixth valve 206 are in a cut-off state, the first valve 201, the second valve 202, and the fifth valve 205 are in a conducting state, the first flow regulating device 2 is in a throttling state, and the second flow regulating device 3 and the third flow regulating device 4 are in a conducting state. The compressor 1, the third heat exchange part 61, the third flow regulating device 4, the second indoor heat exchanger 102, the second flow regulating device 3, the first flow regulating device 2, the first heat exchange part 51, the gas-liquid separator 10, and the sixth heat exchange part 72 are connected to form a refrigerant circuit. And the compressor 1, the third heat exchange part 61, the outdoor heat exchanger 103, the fifth heat exchange part 71, the first flow regulating device 2, the first heat exchange part 51, the gas-liquid separator 10, and the sixth heat exchange part 72 are connected to form a refrigerant circuit. At this time, the flow state of the coolant in this mode is the same as the flow principle of the coolant in the first defrosting mode, which can be referred to the above description and will not be elaborated here.

[0086] The high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 is divided into two paths. One path flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 103, and the other path flows into the second indoor heat exchanger 102 through the third branch A3. The refrigerant flows into the second indoor heat exchanger 102, and the second indoor heat exchanger 102 is used as a condenser. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the air in the passenger compartment air conditioner box 109, thereby realizing the heating of the passenger compartment. The refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 103, and the outdoor heat exchanger 103 is used as a condenser. The refrigerant releases heat to melt the frost outside the outdoor heat exchanger 103. Since the refrigerant temperature is relatively high at this time, rapid defrosting can be achieved. The refrigerant flowing out of the second indoor heat exchanger 102 and the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 103 flow to the first flow regulating device 2. Then, after being throttled by the first flow regulating device 2, it enters the first heat exchange part 51, and the refrigerant in the first heat exchange part 51 recovers the heat of the coolant in the second heat exchange part 52 to achieve waste heat recovery. The refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchange part 51 flows through the gas-liquid separator 10 and the sixth heat exchange part 72 in sequence, and then returns to the compressor 1, and circulates like this.

[0087] In the second defrosting mode of the thermal management system of the present application, the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is split to the outdoor heat exchanger 103 and the second indoor heat exchanger 102. On the one hand, it realizes heating of the passenger compartment, and on the other hand, it uses the high-temperature refrigerant to achieve rapid defrosting. The throttled refrigerant recovers the waste heat of the motor and battery in the coolant system through the first heat exchanger 5, realizing the effective utilization of waste heat.

[0088] In the first defrosting mode or the second defrosting mode, when the waste heat of the motor and battery in the coolant system is insufficient, the first flow regulating device 8 can be switched to the second working state, and the heating device 108 is turned on. The second heat exchange part 52, the third pump 13, the battery heat exchange device 106, the second pump 12, the motor heat exchange device 107, the fourth heat exchange part 62, the first pump 11, the heating device 108, and the fourth heat exchanger 104 are connected to form a coolant circuit. Both the heating device 108 is used to heat the coolant, and the fourth heat exchanger 104 is used to improve the heating effect, ensuring the heating effect during defrosting.

[0089] It can be understood that when the outdoor heat exchanger 103 has a defrosting requirement, the thermal management system can combine the first defrosting mode and the second defrosting mode, thereby improving the defrosting efficiency and the system energy efficiency. For example, the first defrosting mode can be run for a period of time first, and then switched to the second defrosting mode. Since when the first defrosting mode is running, the waste heat of the refrigerant flowing out of the first indoor heat exchanger 101 can be used for defrosting, without affecting the heating effect on the passenger compartment side, but having a certain defrosting effect, so the running time of the second defrosting mode can be shortened, and the defrosting efficiency can be improved. For example, the second defrosting mode can also be run for a period of time first, and then switched to the first defrosting mode. First, the second defrosting mode is used for relatively rapid defrosting to relieve the frosting condition of the outdoor heat exchanger, and then switched to the first defrosting mode to continue defrosting using the waste heat of the refrigerant until the entire defrosting process is completed, shortening the running time of the second defrosting mode. Although the second defrosting mode can achieve rapid defrosting, since a part of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor needs to be split to the outdoor heat exchanger for defrosting, compared with the heating mode, the amount of refrigerant used for heating is reduced, which affects the heating effect on the passenger compartment side. Therefore, shortening the running time of the second defrosting mode can improve the energy efficiency of the thermal management system.

[0090] When there is a heating requirement in the passenger compartment, the thermal management system can operate the first heating mode. When the outdoor ambient temperature is relatively low, the outdoor heat exchanger 103 can absorb less heat, thus affecting the heating effect of the passenger compartment. As Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, according to whether the waste heat of the motor and battery is sufficient, the thermal management system of this embodiment has a first auxiliary heating mode and a second auxiliary heating mode.

[0091] Referring to Figure 11, when the waste heat of the coolant system is not sufficient, the thermal management system is in the first auxiliary heating mode. The compressor 1 is turned on, and the refrigerant system is in a working state. The flow state of the refrigerant is the same as the flow principle of the refrigerant in the first heating mode. For reference, please refer to the above description and will not be elaborated here.

[0092] At this time, the first flow regulating device 8 in the coolant system is in the first working state, the heating device 108 is turned on, and the second flow regulating device 9 is in the second working mode. The third pump 13, the battery heat exchange device 106, the second heat exchange part 52, the second pump 12, the motor heat exchange device 107, and the fourth heat exchange part 62 are connected to form a coolant circuit. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the coolant in the coolant system through the second heat exchanger 6. The heat of the motor and the battery is recovered to the refrigerant system through the second heat exchanger 6. Moreover, the first pump 11, the heating device 108, and the fourth heat exchanger 104 are connected to form a circuit. The coolant heated by the heating device 108 flows into the fourth heat exchanger 104. The fourth heat exchanger 104 exchanges heat with the air flowing through the first indoor heat exchanger 101 and the second indoor heat exchanger 102 to further heat the air before entering the passenger compartment, thus ensuring the heating effect in the passenger compartment.

[0093] In the first auxiliary heating mode, the heat generated by the heating device 108 is all used for auxiliary heating, reducing energy waste and effectively improving the heating effect. A small amount of waste heat from the motor and the battery can be recovered to the refrigerant through the first heat exchanger 6.

[0094] Refer to Figure 12 , when the waste heat of the coolant system is relatively sufficient, the thermal management system is in the second auxiliary heating mode, and the waste heat of the coolant system is used for auxiliary heating. The compressor 1 is turned on, and the refrigerant system is in a working state. The flow state of the refrigerant is the same as the flow principle of the refrigerant in the first heating mode. For reference, please refer to the above description and will not be elaborated here.

[0095] At this time, the first flow regulating device 8 in the coolant system is in the second working state, and the second flow regulating device 9 is in the second working mode. The second heat exchange part 52, the third pump 13, the battery heat exchange device 106, the second pump 12, the motor heat exchange device 107, the fourth heat exchange part 62, the first pump 11, the heating device 108, and the fourth heat exchanger 104 are connected to form a circuit. On the one hand, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the coolant in the coolant system through the second heat exchanger 6. The heat of the motor and the battery is recovered to the refrigerant system through the second heat exchanger 6. On the other hand, the coolant flows into the fourth heat exchanger 104. The fourth heat exchanger 104 exchanges heat with the air flowing through the first indoor heat exchanger 101 and the second indoor heat exchanger 102 to further heat the air before entering the passenger compartment, thus improving the heating effect in the passenger compartment.

[0096] In this embodiment, in the second auxiliary heating mode, the flow sequence of the coolant is successively the motor heat exchange device 107, the heating device 108, the fourth heat exchanger 104, and the battery heat exchange device 106. According to the heat demand, the heating device 108 can be selectively turned on. The temperature of the motor is relatively high. The high-temperature coolant flowing out of the motor heat exchange device 107 first flows into the fourth heat exchanger 104 for auxiliary heating, and then flows into the battery heat exchange device 106 for battery thermal management. By using the heat in a hierarchical manner, the use of the heating device 108 can be reduced. If the heating device 108 is turned on, the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the motor heat exchange device 107 first flows through the heating device 108 and is heated, and then flows into the fourth heat exchanger 104, which can reduce the operating power of the heating device 108 and improve the thermal management efficiency of the vehicle.

[0097] When there is a heating requirement in the passenger compartment but the required temperature is not high, the third auxiliary heating mode can be operated. At least one of the waste heat of the motor, the waste heat of the battery, and the heating device 108 can be used to achieve heating of the passenger compartment, which can save energy. Specifically, in the third auxiliary heating mode, the compressor 1 is turned off, and the connection state of the coolant system is the same as that in the first auxiliary heating mode or the second auxiliary heating mode. At least one of using the heating device 108 to heat the coolant, using the waste heat of the motor, and using the waste heat of the motor is used to achieve heating of the passenger compartment.

[0098] According to the temperature states of the motor and the battery and in combination with the heating requirement of the passenger compartment, it is possible to switch among the first auxiliary heating mode, the second auxiliary heating mode, and the third auxiliary heating mode to meet the heating requirement of the passenger compartment, reasonably utilize the waste heat of the heating equipment, reduce the use of the heating device 108, or reduce the operating power of the heating device 108, thereby achieving the purpose of saving energy.

[0099] When there is no heating or cooling demand in the passenger compartment, the compressor 1 can be turned off to save energy. The thermal management system controls the operating states of the first flow direction regulating device 8 and the second flow direction regulating device 9 in the coolant system according to the states of the motor and the battery, so as to perform thermal management on the motor and the battery. For example, the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the third operating state, the second flow direction regulating device 9 is in the first operating mode, and the fifth heat exchanger 105 is used to dissipate heat from the motor. Or, the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the third operating state, the second flow direction regulating device 9 is in the second operating mode, and the fifth heat exchanger 105 is used to dissipate heat from the motor and the battery simultaneously. Or, the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the first operating state, the second flow direction regulating device 9 is in the second operating mode, and the waste heat of the motor is used to heat the battery. Or, the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the second operating state, the second flow direction regulating device 9 is in the second operating mode, and the heating device 108 is used to heat the motor and the battery. Or, the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the second operating state, the second flow direction regulating device 9 is in the second operating mode, and the waste heat of the battery and the motor is used for heating the passenger compartment, reducing the usage frequency of the compressor 1 and saving energy, etc.

[0100] According to another specific embodiment of the present application, as Figure 13 shown, the structure of its thermal management system is basically the same as that of the thermal management system in the above embodiment, and the working principle is also roughly the same as that of the above embodiment. The same parts can refer to the description of the previous embodiment and will not be elaborated here. The difference lies in that: the thermal management system does not have the fifth valve 205 and the sixth valve 206, but has a flow direction switching device 14.

[0101] The flow direction switching device 14 includes a first interface 141, a second interface 142, a third interface 143 and a fourth interface 144. The flow direction switching device 14 has a first working mode and a second working mode. In the first working mode, the first interface 141 is communicated with the second interface 142, and the third interface 143 is communicated with the fourth interface 144. In the second working mode, the first interface 141 is communicated with the fourth interface 144, and the second interface 142 is communicated with the third interface 143. Optionally, the flow direction switching device 14 is a four-way valve.

[0102] The first interface 141 is connected to the outlet of the compressor 1, the second interface 142 is connected to the first ends of the first branch A1 and the second branch A2, the third interface 143 is connected to the first port of the fourth valve 204, and the fourth interface 144 is connected to a port of the third heat exchange part 61, and this port is on the side far from the outdoor heat exchanger 103 and the first valve 201.

[0103] The flow direction switching device 14 is used to switch the flow direction of the refrigerant in the refrigerant system. When the flow direction switching device 14 is in the first working mode, the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows to the first branch A1 or the second branch A2. At this time, the thermal management system can operate one of the first heating mode, the second heating mode, the third heating mode, the first defrosting mode, the first auxiliary heating mode, and the second auxiliary heating mode.

[0104] When the flow direction switching device 14 is in the second working mode, the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 103 or the third branch A3. At this time, the thermal management system can operate one of the first refrigeration mode, the second refrigeration mode, the third refrigeration mode, and the second defrosting mode. Among them, in the first refrigeration mode and the second refrigeration mode, when the second valve 202 is in the cut-off state and the fourth valve 204 is in the conducting state, the refrigerant flowing out of the first branch A1 flows through the flow direction switching device 14 and the fourth valve 204 and then flows into the gas-liquid separator 10. When the fourth valve 204 is in the cut-off state and the second valve 202 and the third valve 203 are in the conducting state, the refrigerant flowing out of the first branch A1 flows through the third valve 203 and the second valve 202 and then flows into the gas-liquid separator 10.

[0105] In the third refrigeration mode and the second refrigeration mode, when the second valve 202 is in the cut-off state and the fourth valve 204 is in the conducting state, the refrigerant flowing out of the second branch A2 flows through the flow direction switching device 14 and the fourth valve 204 and then flows into the gas-liquid separator 10. When the fourth valve 204 is in the cut-off state and the second valve 202 is in the conducting state, the refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchange part 51 flows through the second valve 202 and then flows into the gas-liquid separator 10. The above two connection methods for flowing into the gas-liquid separator 10 can be selected according to the system design requirements, and the present application does not limit them.

[0106] According to another specific embodiment of the present application, as Figure 14 shown, the structure of its thermal management system is basically the same as that of the thermal management system in the first specific embodiment, and the working principle is also roughly the same as that in the first specific embodiment. The same parts can refer to the description of the first specific embodiment and will not be repeated here. The difference is that the first flow direction regulating device 8 includes a first multi-way valve 15 and a second multi-way valve 16 that are independently formed. The valve body of the first multi-way valve 15 is connected to the valve body of the second multi-way valve 16 through a pipeline or directly fixedly connected.

[0107] The first multi-way valve 15 includes a first connection port 81, a second connection port 82, a fourth connection port 84, and a first intermediate connection port 86. The first connection port 81, the second connection port 82, the fourth connection port 84, and the first intermediate connection port 86 are not connected on the valve body surface of the first multi-way valve 15. Optionally, the first multi-way valve 15 is a four-way water valve. The second multi-way valve 16 includes a third connection port 83, a fifth connection port 85, and a second intermediate connection port 87. The third connection port 83, the fifth connection port 85, and the second intermediate connection port 87 are not connected on the valve body surface of the second multi-way valve 16. Optionally, the second multi-way valve 16 is a three-way water valve.

[0108] When the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the first working state, the first connection port 81 is connected to the second connection port 82, the first intermediate connection port 86 is connected to the fourth connection port 84, the first intermediate connection port 86 is connected to the second intermediate connection port 87, and the second intermediate connection port 87 is connected to the third connection port 83.

[0109] When the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the second working state, the first connection port 81 is connected to the fourth connection port 84, the first intermediate connection port 86 is connected to the second connection port 82, the first intermediate connection port 86 is connected to the second intermediate connection port 87, and the second intermediate connection port 87 is connected to the third connection port 83.

[0110] When the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the third working state, the first connection port 81 is connected to the second connection port 82, the first intermediate connection port 86 is connected to the fourth connection port 84, the first intermediate connection port 86 is connected to the second intermediate connection port 87, and the second intermediate connection port 87 is connected to the fifth connection port 85.

[0111] When the first flow direction regulating device 8 is in the fourth working state, the first connection port 81 is connected to the fourth connection port 84, the first intermediate connection port 86 is connected to the second connection port 82, the first intermediate connection port 86 is connected to the second intermediate connection port 87, and the second intermediate connection port 87 is connected to the fifth connection port 85.

[0112] It can be understood that in some other embodiments, the refrigerant system is Figure 13 the structural design of the refrigerant system shown, and the coolant system is Figure 14 the structural design of the coolant system shown, which does not affect the realization of each working condition, and the present application does not limit it.

[0113] In some other embodiments, as Figure 15 shown, the first flow direction regulating device 8 includes a plurality of three-way valves formed independently of each other. The valve bodies of the plurality of three-way valves are directly or indirectly connected and arranged. By designing the connection relationship of the valve ports of the plurality of three-way valves, the switching of the four working states of the first flow direction regulating device 8 is realized.

[0114] The first flow regulating device 2 and the second flow regulating device 3 in this application are both two-way throttle valves, which reduce the number of valve components and connecting pipelines in the thermal management system, making the structure of the thermal management system simpler. Moreover, the first flow regulating device 2 and the second flow regulating device 3 can be simultaneously located at the upstream end or the downstream end of their respective branches when the thermal management system is operating. When heating the passenger compartment, the battery heat exchange component can be heated, and when cooling the passenger compartment, the battery heat exchange component can be cooled. The heating or cooling of the battery heat exchange component can be achieved through the refrigerant, reducing the use of the coolant system heating device 108, which can save energy and improve safety. A second heat exchanger 6 is provided between the outdoor heat exchanger 103 and the compressor 1. When heating the passenger compartment, the heat of the coolant circuit can be recycled to enhance the heating effect of the system, and when cooling the passenger compartment, the temperature of the coolant before throttling can be reduced twice to enhance the cooling effect of the system.

[0115] In this application, the "connection" between two components can be a direct connection or a connection through pipelines. There can be only pipelines between two components, or there can also be valve components or other components between them. Similarly, the "communication" between two components in this application can be a direct communication or a communication achieved through pipelines. There can be only pipeline communication between two components, or there can also be valve components or other components between them for communication.

[0116] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this application, and do not impose any form of limitation on this application. Although this application has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of this application, can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes by using the disclosed technical content. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical solution of this application, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A thermal management system, characterized in that, Comprising: A compressor, a first indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first flow regulating device, a first heat exchanger, and a heat source device. The first heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange part and a second heat exchange part, and the first heat exchange part is not connected to the second heat exchange part; The heat management system has a first defrosting mode. In the first defrosting mode, the second heat exchange part is connected to the heat source device to form a loop, the first flow regulating device is in a throttling state, the outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the first indoor heat exchanger, the outlet of the first indoor heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger, the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the first flow regulating device, the outlet of the first flow regulating device is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange part, the outlet of the first heat exchange part is connected to the inlet of the compressor, and heat exchange occurs between the first heat exchange part and the second heat exchange part; The heat management system includes a second indoor heat exchanger; The heat management system has a second defrosting mode. In the second defrosting mode, the compressor, the second indoor heat exchanger, the first flow regulating device, and the first heat exchange part are connected to form a loop, the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, the first flow regulating device, and the first heat exchange part are connected to form a loop, the second heat exchange part is connected to the heat source device to form a loop, the first flow regulating device is in a throttling state, the outlets of the second indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger are both connected to the inlet of the first flow regulating device, the outlet of the first flow regulating device is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange part, and heat exchange occurs between the first heat exchange part and the second heat exchange part.

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein The heat management system includes a second flow regulating device, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, and a fourth valve; The first port of the third valve and the first port of the first indoor heat exchanger can be connected to the outlet of the compressor. The first port of the second indoor heat exchanger can be connected to the second port of the first indoor heat exchanger. The second port of the second indoor heat exchanger can be connected to the first port of the second flow regulating device. The first port of the first heat exchange part can be connected to the second port of the third valve. The second port of the first heat exchange part can be connected to the first port of the first flow regulating device. The second ports of the first flow regulating device and the second flow regulating device can both be connected to the first port of the outdoor heat exchanger; The first port of the first valve can communicate with the second port of the first indoor heat exchanger or the first port of the second indoor heat exchanger, and the second port of the first valve can communicate with the second port of the outdoor heat exchanger or the outlet of the compressor; the first port of the second valve can communicate with the first port of the first heat exchange part or the second port of the third valve, and the second port of the second valve can communicate with the inlet of the compressor; the first port of the fourth valve can communicate with the second port of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the second port of the fourth valve can communicate with the inlet of the compressor; the first port of the third valve can communicate with the first port of the first indoor heat exchanger, and the second port of the third valve can communicate with the first port of the first heat exchange part or the first port of the second valve; In the first defrosting mode and the second defrosting mode, the first valve and the second valve are in the conducting state, and the third valve and the fourth valve are in the cut-off state. Among them, in the first defrosting mode, the first port of the first valve communicates with the second port of the first indoor heat exchanger, and the second port of the first valve communicates with the second port of the outdoor heat exchanger. In the second defrosting mode, the first port of the first valve communicates with the first port of the second indoor heat exchanger, and the second port of the first valve communicates with the outlet of the compressor.

3. The thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat management system has a first heating mode and a second heating mode, and the heat source device includes a battery heat exchange device; In the first heating mode, the compressor, the first indoor heat exchanger, the second indoor heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the second flow regulating device are connected in a loop. The second flow regulating device is in the throttling state. The first valve and the second valve are in the cut-off state. The fourth valve is in the conducting state. The first indoor heat exchanger, the second indoor heat exchanger, and the second flow regulating device are connected in sequence. The outlet of the second flow regulating device communicates with the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger. The third valve or the first flow regulating device is in the cut-off state; In the second heating mode, the compressor, the first indoor heat exchanger, the second indoor heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the second flow regulating device are connected in a loop. The compressor, the first heat exchange part, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first flow regulating device are connected in a loop. The second heat exchange part and the battery heat exchange device are connected in a loop. The first flow regulating device and the second flow regulating device are in the throttling state. The first valve and the second valve are in the cut-off state. The third valve and the fourth valve are in the conducting state. The outlet of the first heat exchange part communicates with the inlet of the first flow regulating device. The first indoor heat exchanger, the second indoor heat exchanger, and the second flow regulating device are connected in sequence. The outlet of the first flow regulating device and the outlet of the second flow regulating device communicate with the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger. The first heat exchange part exchanges heat with the second heat exchange part.

4. The thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein, The thermal management system has a third heating mode, and the heat source device includes a battery heat exchange device; In the third heating mode, the compressor, the first heat exchange part, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first flow regulating device are connected in a loop, the second heat exchange part is connected in a loop with the battery heat exchange device, the first flow regulating device is in a throttling state, the first valve and the second valve are in a cut-off state, the third valve and the fourth valve are in a conducting state, the outlet of the first heat exchange part is connected to the inlet of the first flow regulating device, the outlet of the first flow regulating device is connected to the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger, the second flow regulating device is in a cut-off state, and the first heat exchange part exchanges heat with the second heat exchange part.

5. The thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal management system further includes a fifth valve and a sixth valve. The first port of the fifth valve and the first port of the sixth valve can be connected to the outlet of the compressor. The second port of the fifth valve can be connected to the second port of the outdoor heat exchanger or the second port of the first valve. The second port of the sixth valve can be connected to the first port of the first indoor heat exchanger or the first port of the third valve; In the first defrosting mode, the fifth valve is in a cut-off state and the sixth valve is in a conducting state; in the second defrosting mode, the sixth valve is in a cut-off state and the fifth valve is in a conducting state.

6. A thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thermal management system has a first refrigeration mode. In the first refrigeration mode, the compressor, the first indoor heat exchanger, the second indoor heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the second flow regulating device are connected in a loop. The second flow regulating device is in a throttling state, the first valve and the fourth valve are in a cut-off state, the second valve and the third valve are in a conducting state. The second flow regulating device, the second indoor heat exchanger, and the first indoor heat exchanger are connected in sequence. The outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the second flow regulating device, and the first flow regulating device is in a cut-off state.

7. The thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein, The thermal management system further includes a flow direction switching device. The flow direction switching device includes a first interface, a second interface, a third interface, and a fourth interface. The flow direction switching device has a first working mode and a second working mode. In the first working mode, the first interface is connected to the second interface, and the third interface is connected to the fourth interface. In the second working mode, the first interface is connected to the fourth interface, and the second interface is connected to the third interface; In the first defrosting mode, the flow direction switching device is in the first working mode; in the second defrosting mode, the flow direction switching device is in the second working mode.

8. A thermal management system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thermal management system has a first refrigeration mode. In the first refrigeration mode, the flow direction switching device is in the second working mode, and the compressor, the first indoor heat exchanger, the second indoor heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the second flow regulating device are connected in a loop. The second flow regulating device is in a throttling state. The second flow regulating device, the second indoor heat exchanger, and the first indoor heat exchanger are connected in sequence. The outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the second flow regulating device. The first flow regulating device is in a cut-off state; The first valve and the second valve are in a cut-off state. The third valve is in a conducting state or a cut-off state. The fourth valve is in a conducting state; Or, the first valve and the fourth valve are in a cut-off state, and the second valve and the third valve are in a conducting state.

9. A thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal management system includes a second flow regulating device, a third flow regulating device, and a second indoor heat exchanger; The thermal management system has a heating and dehumidifying mode. In the heating and dehumidifying mode, the compressor, the first indoor heat exchanger, the second indoor heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger, the second flow regulating device, and the third flow regulating device are connected in a loop. The third flow regulating device is in a throttling state. The second flow regulating device is in a throttling state or a conducting state. The outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the first indoor heat exchanger. The outlet of the first indoor heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the third flow regulating device. The outlet of the third flow regulating device is connected to the inlet of the second indoor heat exchanger. The outlet of the second indoor heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the second flow regulating device. The outlet of the second flow regulating device is connected to the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger. The outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the compressor.

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