Multi-link rear suspension assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-link rear suspension assembly and an automobile, including a knuckle, a front upper swing arm, a rear upper swing arm, a front lower swing arm, a rear lower swing arm, a toe control arm, a shock absorber and a rear subframe; the outer ends of the five swing arms are all connected to the knuckle, the inner ends of the five swing arms are all connected to the rear subframe, and the shock absorber is connected to the rear lower swing arm; the included angle between the connecting line of the inner and outer points of the rear upper swing arm and the Y-axis is 25 to 35°; the included angle between the connecting line of the inner and outer points of the toe control arm and the Y-axis is 5 to 15°; the included angle between the connecting line of the inner and outer points of the front lower swing arm and the Y-axis is 25 to 45°; the included angle between the connecting line of the inner and outer points of the front upper swing arm and the Y-axis is 15 to 25°; the distance between the rear upper swing arm and the wheel center is 60 to 80 mm; the distance between the rear upper swing arm and the shock absorber is greater than or equal to 10 mm. Through the above constraints, the kingpin inclination of the rear wheels can be controlled between 3 and 5°, and the caster angle can be controlled between -3 and -1°, so that the automobile can have better handling performance and riding comfort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a multi-link rear suspension assembly and an automobile. Background Art

[0002] The rear suspension is an important part of an automobile and plays an important role in the handling stability and comfort of the whole vehicle. Among various types of rear suspensions, the five-link suspension has the advantages of simple link structure and large design freedom, and is widely used in high-end models.

[0003] The five-link suspension has no fixed steering axis. When in use, it is necessary to solve the contradiction between the link arrangement and the reserved design for rear-wheel steering. Among them, the reserved design for rear-wheel steering mainly includes the constraint design of the kingpin inclination and the caster angle. However, in the existing five-link suspensions, such as the five-link suspension of Audi, the rear-wheel steering design is not reserved, and the unreasonable arrangement of each link results in too large or too small kingpin inclination and caster angle, affecting the handling stability and comfort of the automobile. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: aiming at the problem that the unreasonable arrangement of each link in the existing five-link suspension leads to too large or too small kingpin inclination and caster angle, affecting the handling stability and comfort of the automobile, a multi-link rear suspension assembly and an automobile are provided.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-link rear suspension assembly applied to an automobile, including a front upper swing arm, a rear upper swing arm, a front lower swing arm, a rear lower swing arm, a toe control arm and a shock absorber; the outer ends of the front upper swing arm, the rear upper swing arm, the front lower swing arm, the rear lower swing arm and the toe control arm are respectively connected to a knuckle, and the inner ends of the front upper swing arm, the rear upper swing arm, the front lower swing arm, the rear lower swing arm and the toe control arm are respectively connected to the rear subframe of the automobile or the body-in-white of the automobile, and the shock absorber is connected to the rear lower swing arm; the minimum included angle between the connection line between the outer point and the inner point of the rear upper swing arm and the Y-axis direction is θ1, where 25° ≤ θ1 ≤ 35°; the minimum included angle between the connection line between the outer point and the inner point of the toe control arm and the Y-axis direction is θ2, where 5° ≤ θ2 ≤ 15°; the minimum included angle between the connection line between the outer point and the inner point of the front lower swing arm and the Y-axis direction is θ3, where 35° ≤ θ3 ≤ 45°; the minimum included angle between the connection line between the outer point and the inner point of the front upper swing arm and the Y-axis direction is θ4, where 15° ≤ θ4 ≤ 25°; the minimum distance in the X-axis direction between the rear upper swing arm and the wheel center of the wheel connected to the knuckle is L1, where 60 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 80 mm; the minimum distance between the rear upper swing arm and the shock absorber is L2, where L2 ≥ 10 mm; wherein, the Y-axis direction is parallel to the left-right direction of the automobile, and the X-axis direction is parallel to the front-rear direction of the automobile.

[0006] Optionally, the multi-link rear suspension assembly further includes a shock absorber spring connected to the rear lower control arm. The minimum distance between the outer point of the rear lower control arm and the lower point of the shock absorber spring is La, and the distance between the outer point and the inner point of the rear lower control arm is Lb, where La∶Lb≥0.6.

[0007] Optionally, the minimum distance between the shock absorber spring and the transmission shaft for driving the wheel connected to the knuckle to rotate is L3, where L3≥15 mm; the minimum distance between the shock absorber spring and the rear upper control arm is L4, where L4≥10 mm; the minimum distance between the shock absorber spring and the toe control arm is L5, where L5≥10 mm; the minimum distance between the shock absorber and the wheel connected to the knuckle is L6, where L6≥15 mm; the minimum distance between the shock absorber and the shock absorber spring is L7, where L7≥10 mm; the minimum distance in the X-axis direction between the outer point of the rear lower control arm and the center of the wheel connected to the knuckle is L8, where 55 mm≤L8≤75 mm; the minimum included angle between the transmission shaft and the axis of the wheel connected to the knuckle is θ5, where 0°≤θ5≤7°; the minimum included angle between the line connecting the outer point and the inner point of the rear lower control arm and the Y-axis direction is θ6, where 10°≤θ6≤20°.

[0008] Optionally, the shock absorber spring is detachably connected to the rear lower control arm, and the shock absorber spring is an air spring or a coil spring.

[0009] Optionally, the outer ends of the toe control arm, the front upper control arm, and the front lower control arm are connected to the knuckle through rubber bushings, and the outer ends of the rear upper control arm and the rear lower control arm are connected to the knuckle through spherical hinge bushings.

[0010] Optionally, the multi-link rear suspension assembly is a five-link rear suspension assembly, and the upper control arm, the rear upper control arm, the front lower control arm, the rear lower control arm, and the toe control arm are the five links of the five-link rear suspension assembly.

[0011] To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an automobile, including the multi-link rear suspension assembly described in any one of the above.

[0012] In the multi-link rear suspension assembly provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by performing the above constraints on each link, the kingpin inclination of the rear wheel can be controlled between 3° and 5°, and the caster angle can be controlled between -3° and -1°, so that the automobile can have better controllability and riding comfort. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of a five-link rear suspension assembly of an automobile provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation of each link in the five-link rear suspension assembly of an automobile provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a partial schematic diagram of the five-link rear suspension assembly of an automobile provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the five-link rear suspension assembly of an automobile provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a partial schematic diagram of the five-link rear suspension assembly of an automobile provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a partial schematic diagram of the five-link rear suspension assembly of an automobile provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 .

[0019] The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:

[0020] 100, multi-link rear suspension assembly; 200, wheel; 1, knuckle; 2, front upper swing arm; 3, rear upper swing arm; 4, front lower swing arm; 5, rear lower swing arm; 6, toe control arm; 7, shock absorber; 8, shock spring; 9, rear subframe; 10, drive shaft; 11, stabilizer link; 12, stabilizer bar. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0022] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, in one embodiment, the automobile includes a vehicle body, a multi-link rear suspension assembly 100 and a wheel 200. Among them, the multi-link rear suspension assembly 100 is connected to the vehicle body, the wheel 200 is the rear wheel of the automobile, and the wheel 200 is installed on the multi-link rear suspension assembly 100.

[0023] As Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment, the multi-link rear suspension assembly 100 is a five-link rear suspension assembly, including a knuckle 1, a front upper control arm 2, a rear upper control arm 3, a front lower control arm 4, a rear lower control arm 5, a toe control arm 6, a shock absorber 7, and a shock spring 8. The front upper control arm 2, the rear upper control arm 3, the front lower control arm 4, the rear lower control arm 5, and the toe control arm 6 are the five links of the five-link rear suspension assembly.

[0024] In one embodiment, the vehicle body adopts a non-load-bearing body design. In this case, in addition to the body, the vehicle body also has a rear subframe 9 connected to the body. The outer ends of the front upper control arm 2, the rear upper control arm 3, the front lower control arm 4, the rear lower control arm 5, and the toe control arm 6 are all connected to the knuckle 1, and the inner ends of the five are all connected to the rear subframe 9. One end of the shock absorber 7 is connected to the rear lower control arm 5, and the other end of the shock absorber 7 is connected to the vehicle body; one end of the shock spring 8 is connected to the rear lower control arm 5, and the other end of the shock spring 8 is connected to the vehicle body. Among them, the "outer end" refers to the end of each link located on the outer side after the vehicle is assembled, and the "inner end" refers to the end of each link located on the inner side after the vehicle is assembled.

[0025] It should be understood that the vehicle includes two multi-link rear suspension assemblies 100, which are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the rear subframe 9, and the two rear wheels are respectively connected to the knuckles 1 of the two multi-link rear suspension assemblies 100.

[0026] In one embodiment, the outer ends of the front upper control arm 2, the front lower control arm 4, and the toe control arm 6 can be connected to the knuckle 1 through rubber bushings, so that the three can rotate up and down relative to the knuckle 1; in addition, the inner ends of the three can be connected to the rear subframe 9 through rubber bushings, so that the three can rotate up and down relative to the rear subframe 9. The outer ends of the rear upper control arm 3 and the rear lower control arm are connected to the knuckle 1 through ball joint bushings, so that the two can rotate in all directions relative to the knuckle 1; in addition, the inner ends of the two can be connected to the subframe through rubber bushings, so that the two can rotate up and down relative to the rear subframe 9. The lower end of the shock absorber 7 can be connected to the rear lower control arm 5 through a bushing, and the upper end of the shock absorber 7 can be fixed to the vehicle body through bolts.

[0027] Among them, the connection methods between the upper control arm, the rear upper control arm 3, the front lower control arm 4, the rear lower control arm 5, and the toe control arm 6 and the knuckle 1, the connection relationships between the five and the rear subframe 9, the connection relationship between the shock absorber 7 and the rear lower control arm 5, the connection relationship between the shock absorber 7 and the vehicle body, and the connection relationship between the subframe and the vehicle body are all existing connection methods. They can adopt any existing design that can implement this solution, and this embodiment will not describe them in detail here.

[0028] Such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in one embodiment, the minimum included angle between the line connecting the outer point and the inner point of the rear upper swing arm 3 and the Y-axis direction is θ1, where 25° ≤ θ1 ≤ 35°; the minimum included angle between the line connecting the outer point and the inner point of the toe control arm 6 and the Y-axis direction is θ2, where 5° ≤ θ2 ≤ 15°; the minimum included angle between the line connecting the outer point and the inner point of the front lower swing arm 4 and the Y-axis direction is θ3, where 35° ≤ θ3 ≤ 45°; the minimum included angle between the line connecting the outer point and the inner point of the front upper swing arm 2 and the Y-axis direction is θ4, where 15° ≤ θ4 ≤ 25°; the minimum distance in the X-axis direction between the outer point of the rear upper swing arm 3 and the wheel center of the wheel 200 connected to the knuckle 1 is L1, where 60mm ≤ L1 ≤ 80mm; the minimum distance between the rear upper swing arm 3 and the shock absorber 7 is L2, where L2 ≥ 10mm. Additionally, the minimum distance L1 in the X-axis direction between the outer point of the rear upper swing arm 3 and the wheel center of the wheel 200 connected to the knuckle 1 means: the minimum length of the positive projection on the X-axis of the line connecting the outer point of the rear upper swing arm 3 and the wheel center of the wheel 200 connected to the knuckle 1.

[0029] In this embodiment, the vehicle is located in a three-dimensional coordinate system composed of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis. The X-axis direction is the front-rear length direction of the vehicle, the Y-axis direction is the left-right width direction of the vehicle, and the Z-axis direction is the up-down height direction of the vehicle. Additionally, when the two rear wheels of the vehicle are not rotating, the line connecting the wheel centers of the two rear wheels is parallel to the Y-axis direction.

[0030] By imposing the above constraints on each link, the caster angle of the rear wheels can be controlled between 3° and 5°, and the camber angle can be controlled between -3° and -1°, thereby enabling the vehicle to have better handling and ride comfort. At the same time, through the above embodiments, it is also possible to, based on the structure of the existing five-link rear suspension, impose corresponding constraints on the corresponding links to make the vehicle have better handling and ride comfort.

[0031] In one embodiment, the shock absorber spring 8 can be an air spring, which can make full use of the non-linear stiffness and amplitude-frequency characteristics of the air spring, greatly improving the roll and pitch control of the whole vehicle, as well as the vibration filtering ability for low-amplitude high-frequency road surfaces, thereby further enhancing the handling stability and ride comfort.

[0032] As Figure 4As shown, in one embodiment, the minimum distance between the outer point of the rear lower control arm 5 and the lower point of the shock absorber spring 8 is La, and the minimum distance between the outer point and the inner point of the rear lower control arm 5 is Lb, where La∶Lb≥0.6. That is, the leverage ratio of the shock absorber spring 8 is greater than or equal to 0.6, which can reduce the force on the rear lower control arm 5, solve the problem of large spring preload, improve the shock absorption performance of the shock absorber spring 8, and thus improve the riding comfort. Herein, the lower point of the shock absorber spring 8 refers to the intersection of the axis of the shock absorber spring 8 and the front lower control arm 4.

[0033] As Figures 4 to 6 shown, in one embodiment, the vehicle further includes a drive shaft 10 connected to the rear wheels for driving the rear wheels to rotate. In order to make the leverage ratio of the shock absorber spring 8 greater than or equal to 0.6, the following constraints are adopted among the components: the minimum distance between the shock absorber spring 8 and the drive shaft 10 is L3, where L3≥15 mm; the minimum distance between the shock absorber spring 8 and the rear upper control arm 4 is L4, where L4≥10 mm; the minimum distance between the shock absorber spring 8 and the toe control arm 6 is L5, where L5≥10 mm; the minimum distance between the shock absorber 7 and the wheel 200 connected to the knuckle 1 is L6, where L6≥15 mm; the minimum distance between the shock absorber 7 and the shock absorber spring 8 is L7, where L7≥10 mm; the minimum distance in the X-axis direction between the outer point of the rear lower control arm 5 and the center of the wheel 200 connected to the knuckle 1 is L8, where 55 mm≤L8≤75 mm; the minimum included angle between the drive shaft 10 and the axis of the wheel 200 is θ5, where 0°≤θ5≤7°; the minimum included angle between the line connecting the outer point and the inner point of the rear lower control arm 5 and the Y-axis direction is θ6, where 10°≤θ6≤20°.

[0034] In addition, the minimum distance L8 in the X-axis direction between the outer point of the rear lower control arm 5 and the center of the wheel 200 connected to the knuckle 1 means: the minimum length of the positive projection on the X-axis of the line connecting the outer point of the rear lower control arm 5 and the center of the wheel 200 connected to the knuckle 1.

[0035] Through these constraints, the multi-link rear suspension assembly 100 can be made more integrated, reducing the encroachment of components such as the shock absorber 7 on the rear space of the vehicle, which is beneficial to increasing the space of the rear seats and the trunk. At the same time, through the above constraints, the hard point design of each control arm can also take into account the force balance of the suspension, which is beneficial to the lightweight design of the suspension and makes the performance of the suspension more balanced.

[0036] The minimum spacing and minimum angle between the above-mentioned components refer to the minimum spacing of the relevant components during vehicle driving or when the vehicle is stationary. For example, the minimum spacing L6 between the shock absorber 7 and the wheel 200 occurs when the wheel 200 bounces up and down during vehicle driving. At the same time, the spacing and angle limitations between the above-mentioned components are for the components located on the same multi-link rear suspension assembly, as well as the spacing and angle between the wheel 200, the drive shaft and other components connected to the multi-link rear suspension.

[0037] As Figure 1 described, in one embodiment, the vehicle further includes a stabilizer link 11 and a stabilizer bar 12. The first end of the stabilizer link 11 can be connected to the front upper swing arm 2 through a ball pin or the like, the second end of the stabilizer link 11 can be connected to the first end of the stabilizer bar 12 through a ball pin, and the second end of the stabilizer bar 12 can be connected to the subframe 9 through a bushing.

[0038] In other embodiments, the vehicle may also adopt a unitized body. In this case, the rear subframe 9 is not provided in the vehicle, and each link, shock absorber 7, shock spring 8, etc. in the multi-link rear suspension assembly 100 can be directly connected to the unitized body. Except for replacing the body and the rear subframe 9 in the above embodiments with a unitized body, the connections of other components are the same as those in the above embodiments, that is, it is equivalent to that the body and the rear subframe 9 in the above embodiments are of an integrally formed structure.

[0039] In other embodiments, the shock spring 8 can also be an ordinary helical spring, that is, an air spring or a helical spring can be selected according to actual needs in the multi-link rear suspension assembly 100 for shock absorption, which can improve its adaptability.

[0040] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-link rear suspension assembly is applied to an automobile, characterized in that, It includes a front upper swing arm, a rear upper swing arm, a front lower swing arm, a rear lower swing arm, a toe control arm and a shock absorber; The outer ends of the upper swing arm, the rear upper swing arm, the front lower swing arm, the rear lower swing arm and the toe control arm are respectively connected to the knuckle, and the inner ends of the upper swing arm, the rear upper swing arm, the front lower swing arm, the rear lower swing arm and the toe control arm are respectively connected to the rear subframe of the vehicle or the unibody of the vehicle. The lower end of the shock absorber is connected to the rear lower swing arm through a bushing; The minimum included angle between the line connecting the outer point and the inner point of the rear upper swing arm and the Y-axis direction is θ1, where 25° ≤ θ1 ≤ 35°; The minimum included angle between the line connecting the outer point and the inner point of the toe control arm and the Y-axis direction is θ2, where 5° ≤ θ2 ≤ 15°; The minimum included angle between the line connecting the outer point and the inner point of the front lower swing arm and the Y-axis direction is θ3, where 35° ≤ θ3 ≤ 45°; The minimum included angle between the line connecting the outer point and the inner point of the front upper swing arm and the Y-axis direction is θ4, where 15° ≤ θ4 ≤ 25°; The minimum distance in the X-axis direction between the outer point of the rear upper swing arm and the wheel center of the wheel connected to the knuckle is L1, where 60mm ≤ L1 ≤ 80mm; The minimum distance between the rear upper swing arm and the shock absorber is L2, where L2 ≥ 10mm; Wherein, the Y-axis direction is parallel to the left-right direction of the vehicle, and the X-axis direction is parallel to the front-rear direction of the vehicle.

2. The multi-link rear suspension assembly according to claim 1, wherein The multi-link rear suspension assembly further includes a shock absorber spring, the shock absorber spring is connected to the rear lower swing arm, the minimum distance between the outer point of the rear lower swing arm and the lower point of the shock absorber spring is La, and the distance between the outer point and the inner point of the rear lower swing arm is Lb, where La∶Lb ≥ 0.

6.

3. The multi-link rear suspension assembly according to claim 2, wherein, The minimum distance between the shock absorber spring and the transmission shaft for driving the rotation of the wheel connected to the knuckle is L3, where L3 ≥ 15mm; The minimum distance between the shock absorber spring and the rear upper swing arm is L4, where L4 ≥ 10mm; The minimum distance between the shock absorber spring and the toe control arm is L5, where L5 ≥ 10mm; The minimum distance between the shock absorber and the wheel connected to the knuckle is L6, where L6 ≥ 15mm; The minimum distance between the shock absorber and the shock absorber spring is L7, where L7 ≥ 10mm; The minimum distance in the X-axis direction between the outer point of the rear lower swing arm and the wheel center of the wheel connected to the knuckle is L8, where 55mm ≤ L8 ≤ 75mm; The minimum included angle between the transmission shaft and the axis of the wheel connected to the knuckle is θ5, where 0° ≤ θ5 ≤ 7°; The minimum included angle between the line connecting the outer point and the inner point of the rear lower swing arm and the Y-axis direction is θ6, where 10° ≤ θ6 ≤ 20°.

4. The multi-link rear suspension assembly according to claim 2, wherein, The shock absorber spring is detachably connected to the rear lower swing arm, and the shock absorber spring is an air spring or a coil spring.

5. The multi-link rear suspension assembly according to claim 1, wherein, The outer ends of the toe control arm, the front upper swing arm and the front lower swing arm are connected to the knuckle through rubber bushings, and the outer ends of the rear upper swing arm and the rear lower swing arm are connected to the knuckle through ball joint bushings.

6. The multi-link rear suspension assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-link rear suspension assembly is a five-link rear suspension assembly, and the upper swing arm, rear upper swing arm, front lower swing arm, rear lower swing arm, and toe control arm are the five links of the five-link rear suspension assembly.

7. A vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising the multi-link rear suspension assembly according to any one of claims 1-6.

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