Modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system and its rescue and avoidance method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system and a rescue and avoidance method, wherein the conveying system comprises an ore discharging mechanism, a tailings feeding mechanism on board a ship, a seabed feeding mechanism, a seabed discharging mechanism, an ore lifting and conveying module and a module connecting and separating device; the ore lifting and conveying module comprises a conveying pipeline of a closed-loop structure, a carrier located in the conveying pipeline and a driving device for driving the carrier to circulate along the conveying pipeline; the module connecting and separating device is used to achieve connection and disconnection between upper and lower adjacent ore lifting and conveying modules, and comprises two connectors, a connecting piece, a connecting pipe, an active separating device and a docking device; the active separating device is used to release the connecting effect of the connecting piece to separate the two connectors from each other; the docking device is used to drive the two separated connectors to move closer to each other; the present invention improves the conveying efficiency while enhancing the emergency handling capability to cope with pipeline blockage and the avoidance capability to cope with severe sea conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of deep-sea mineral resource development, and in particular to a modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system and a rescue and avoidance method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Deep-sea mineral resources have huge reserves and rich varieties, which have attracted widespread attention at home and abroad in recent years. Deep-sea mineral resource development technology has also developed rapidly. A typical deep-sea ore mining system includes several important components: seabed mining vehicles, seabed relay stations, ore lifting systems, and surface support vessels. Deep-sea mineral resources such as polymetallic nodules, polymetallic sulfides, and cobalt-rich crusts are generally distributed on the seabed at a depth of 500-6000 meters. Therefore, the development of deep-sea mineral resources requires large-volume, long-distance lifting and transportation technology. Due to the large vertical span from the seabed to the sea level, the complex environment, and being in the high seas far away from land, it may be affected by severe sea conditions. The commercial development of deep-sea mineral resources urgently needs to solve the problem of how to quickly evacuate the huge lifting and transportation system when natural disasters occur.

[0003] The traditional hydraulic deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system uses a single ore lifting and conveying module to transport ore from the seabed to the sea level. When a blockage occurs in a certain part of the pipeline, the hydraulic lifting and conveying system will be paralyzed as a whole, and maintenance will take a long time. During the maintenance process, the slurry in the pipeline needs to be discharged into the seawater, which has a great impact on the marine environment. In addition, when severe sea conditions occur, the hydraulic lifting and conveying system generally adopts the risk avoidance method of decomposition and recovery or overall sinking, and the lifting and conveying system is recovered as a whole to the surface support ship or sank as a whole to the deep sea for risk avoidance. This method has the following disadvantages: when encountering severe sea conditions, due to the large vertical span of the entire lifting system and the slow pipeline decomposition process, it may lead to the inability to complete the decomposition and recovery of the lifting system within the limited warning time; if the overall sinking method is adopted, the slender pipeline structure of the ore lifting and conveying module is prone to large deformation or even destruction under the action of the ocean current in severe sea conditions, which may lead to the inability to quickly resume production operations after the severe sea conditions.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes a modular and detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system and its rescue and risk avoidance methods, which improve the conveying efficiency while enhancing the emergency handling capability to deal with pipeline blockage and the risk avoidance capability to deal with severe sea conditions, thereby improving the safety performance of the deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The modularized detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system of the present invention comprises at least an ore discharging mechanism, a shipboard tailings feeding mechanism, a seabed feeding mechanism, a seabed discharging mechanism, an ore lifting and conveying module, and a module connecting and separating device;

[0006] The ore lifting and conveying modules are distributed in a plurality between the surface support vessel and the seabed feeding mechanism, and at least include a conveying pipeline of a closed-loop structure, a carrier located in the conveying pipeline, and a driving device for driving the carrier to circulate along the conveying pipeline;

[0007] The module connection and separation device is used to achieve connection and separation between upper and lower adjacent ore lifting and conveying modules, and includes an ore transfer device and a tailings transfer device; it includes at least two connectors, a connector, a connecting pipe, an active separation device and a docking device; the ore transfer device and the tailings transfer device have the same structure, and include two connectors respectively connected to upper and lower adjacent conveying pipes, and a transfer cavity connected to the conveying pipe connected thereto is provided in the connector; the connector is used to relatively fix the two connectors; the connecting pipe is used to connect the transfer cavities in the two connectors; the active separation device is used to release the connection effect of the connector to separate the two connectors from each other; the docking device is used to drive the two separated connectors to move closer to each other;

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting piece includes a group of rotary locking pins and pin holes respectively arranged on the two connectors for matching and connecting with the rotary locking pins, and the active separation device includes a remote-controlled hydraulic motor and a gear set; the gear set includes an external gear driven by the remote-controlled hydraulic motor, an internal gear plate meshing with the external gear, and a locking pin gear fixed to the rotary locking pin and meshing with the internal gear plate, the end portion of the rotary locking pin has a protruding table surface, and the bottom of the pin hole has a corresponding deep groove. When the two connectors are close to each other and the rotary locking pin is inserted, the active separation device controls the rotary locking pin to rotate, and the table surface on the pin shaft is turned into the deep groove in the pin hole to complete the docking and locking; when the remote-controlled hydraulic motor receives an unlocking command issued by the surface support vessel and drives the external gear to rotate, the external gear drives the locking pin gear to rotate, and the locking pin gear drives the rotary pin shaft to rotate to complete the unlocking;

[0009] Furthermore, the module connection and separation device also includes a buoyancy device arranged between the two connectors, and the buoyancy device is triggered to inflate after the rotary locking pin is unlocked, so as to separate the two connectors and provide buoyancy for lifting the conveying module.

[0010] Furthermore, the docking device includes a steel cable winch arranged on one of the connectors; the steel cable winch is connected to the other connector via a steel cable and is used to pull the two connectors closer to each other.

[0011] Furthermore, the module connection and separation device further comprises a safety valve disposed in the connector for controlling the on-off of the transfer chamber; the safety valve is opened and closed by remote control;

[0012] Furthermore, the driving device of the ore lifting and conveying module includes a mechanical driving mechanism and a rotary jet pump mechanism; the mechanical driving mechanism includes two parallel belt / chain conveyors and a transmission pin connected between the belts / chains of the two belt / chain conveyors; the mechanical driving mechanism pushes the carrier to move along the axis of the conveying pipeline through the transmission pin, and transmits the driving force by the latter carrier pushing the former carrier to move, so that all carriers move in a closed loop along the axis of the conveying pipeline; the rotary jet pump mechanism includes a water pump and a tangential water flow injection hole arranged around the axis of the conveying pipeline; the tangential water flow injection hole is used to guide the high-pressure water flow from the water pump to be injected into the center of the conveying pipeline along the direction of the Archimedean spiral to meet at the center of the conveying pipeline, so as to push the fine particle slurry to concentrate to the center of the pipeline and drive the fine particle slurry to flow upward.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a pipeline blockage rescue method based on the modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system, comprising the following steps:

[0014] s1. Control the tailings feeding mechanism of the surface operation ship and the seabed feeding mechanism to stop filling ore or tailings into the ore lifting and conveying module;

[0015] s2. The lifting and conveying module above the blocked lifting and conveying module lifts the ore and tailings to the surface support vessel through the internal circulation of the carrier until the ore or tailings in the lifting and conveying module are emptied;

[0016] The lifting and conveying modules below the blocked lifting and conveying module discharge tailings and ore to the seabed through the bottom discharge port through internal circulation until the ore or tailings in the lifting and conveying module are emptied;

[0017] s3. After the pipeline is emptied, all modules on the lifting and conveying module that is blocked are controlled to be connected and separated from the separation device, and the lifting and conveying module that is blocked is lifted to the surface by the buoyancy device for maintenance;

[0018] s4. Deploy a new lifting and conveying module to replace the blocked lifting and conveying module.

[0019] The present invention also discloses a method for avoiding adverse sea conditions based on the modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system, comprising the following steps:

[0020] s1. After receiving the severe sea condition warning information, the tailings feeding mechanism of the surface operation ship and the seabed feeding mechanism are controlled to stop filling tailings or ore into the ore lifting and conveying module; the carrier in the ore lifting and conveying module continues to work, and the ore or tailings in the conveying module are emptied;

[0021] s2. Remotely control the remote control hydraulic motors in each of the module connection and separation devices to complete unlocking so that each ore lifting and conveying module is separated from bottom to top; each of the module connection and separation devices triggers the buoyancy device to work during the separation process so that each ore lifting and conveying module floats freely in the middle layer of seawater;

[0022] s3. When the sea surface conditions stabilize, control the steel cable winch in the module connection and separation device to tighten the steel cable, so that all ore lifting and conveying modules are recovered to a certain area, and the ore lifting and conveying modules are reconnected by operators or underwater robots.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] 1. In the ore lifting and conveying module of the present invention, the carrier is lifted by a mechanical-hydraulic hybrid method to achieve efficient lifting of coarse particles and high volume concentration of ore.

[0025] 2. The present invention can realize the rapid separation between adjacent ore lifting and conveying modules through the module connection and separation device, and then quickly replace the blocked lifting and conveying module, so that the entire lifting and conveying system can quickly resume production and reduce the fault maintenance time.

[0026] 3. The risk avoidance method proposed by the present invention can quickly and actively separate each transport module when encountering severe sea conditions, and take emergency risk avoidance measures to maximize system safety.

[0027] 4. The module connection and separation device of the present invention realizes safe, convenient and reliable separation and connection of ore lifting and conveying modules.

[0028] 5. In the present invention, due to the modular design of the ore lifting and conveying module, the adaptation to the lifting depth is more flexible. Compared with the traditional lifting system (which needs to match the power device of the corresponding lifting force according to the seabed depth of the mining area, such as the parameters of the water pump, the size of the pipeline, etc.), the lifting system of the present invention is more widely applicable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a module connection and separation device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing a load comparison between a modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system and a non-modular deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a diagram of the internal ore rotation direction of the module connection and separation device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a principle diagram of the active separation device of the module connection and separation device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation and connection of the modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the conveying direction of ore and tailings in the modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a flow chart of evacuation in case of emergency sea conditions for the modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 This is a recovery operation flow chart of the modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 This is a flow chart for solving blockage problems in the modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 1-ore discharging mechanism, 2-ore lifting and conveying module, 3-mechanical driving mechanism, 4-module connecting and separating device, 5-ore transfer device, 6-tailings transfer device, 7-tailings feeding mechanism on board, 8-rotary jet pump mechanism, 9-carrier, 10-seafloor feeding mechanism, 11-seafloor discharging mechanism, 12-connector I, 13-transfer chamber, 14-cable winch, 15-remote control hydraulic motor, 16-elastic compensator, 17-connector II, 18-rotating locking pin, 19-buoyancy device, 20-inner gear disc, 21-outer gear, 22-transfer chamber, 23-locking pin gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention is described in more detail and comprehensively below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred specific embodiments of the specification, but the protection scope of the patent of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0041] Example 1 Modularized detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system of this embodiment includes an ore discharging mechanism 1, a shipboard tailings feeding mechanism 7, a seabed feeding mechanism 10, a seabed discharging mechanism 11, an ore lifting and conveying module 2 and a module connecting and separating device 4;

[0043] The ore discharge mechanism 1 on the surface support vessel is used to unload the ore lifted from the seabed by the ore lifting and conveying system, and the tailings feeding mechanism 7 on the surface support vessel is used to load the tailings that have been refined and environmentally treated into the ore lifting and conveying system, and discharge them to the seabed from the seabed tailings discharge port.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, three ore lifting and conveying modules 2 are distributed between the surface support ship and the seabed feeding mechanism 10; each ore lifting and conveying module 2 at least includes a conveying pipeline with a closed loop structure, a carrier 9 located in the conveying pipeline, and a driving device for driving the carrier 9 to circulate along the conveying pipeline; Figure 3 The figure shows a load comparison diagram of the modular ore lifting and conveying system and the non-modular deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system adopted by the present invention. In this embodiment, the height of each ore lifting and conveying module 2 is 100-500 meters. Since the total lifting and conveying height of each ore lifting and conveying module 2 is modularized, the load borne by the driving mechanism and the pipe structure of each module is greatly reduced.

[0045] The ore lifting and conveying module 2 of this embodiment is in the shape of a rectangular closed loop, with a length of 100 to 500 meters. During operation, multiple groups of ore lifting and conveying modules 2 are assembled through connection and separation devices, and the appropriate number of ore lifting and conveying modules 2 is selected for lifting according to the seabed depth of the operating mining area. When the carrier 9 moves in a closed loop along the axis of the conveying pipeline, the ore is intermittently fed by the seabed feeding mechanism 10 through the impeller feeding method, and the ore material is filled in the bearing area cavity of the carrier 9. The ore moves upward with the closed loop movement of the carrier 9 to the ore transfer device 5 of the ore lifting and conveying module 2 of this unit, and is transferred to the conveying pipeline of the next unit to continue to be lifted upward. When the carrier 9 moves downward, the tailings are received by the tailings transfer device of the ore lifting and conveying module 2 and discharged to the seabed through the seabed discharge mechanism 11.

[0046] In this embodiment, the carrier 9 adopts a mechanical-hydraulic hybrid lifting, that is, the driving device of the ore lifting and conveying module 2 includes a mechanical driving mechanism 3 and a rotary jet pump mechanism 8; the carrier 9 includes an upper disc, a lower disc and a connecting rod fixedly connecting the upper disc and the lower disc, and a material bearing area is formed between the upper disc and the lower disc; the mechanical driving mechanism 3 includes two parallel belt / chain conveyors and a transmission pin between the belts / chains connected to the two belt / chain conveyors; the mechanical driving mechanism 3 pushes the carrier 9 to move along the axis of the ore lifting and conveying module 2 through the transmission pin, and all carriers 9 move in a closed loop along the axis of the conveying pipeline by pushing the previous carrier 9 to move by the latter carrier 9; the rotary jet pump mechanism 8 includes a water pump and a tangential water flow injection hole arranged on the outside of the conveying pipeline around the axis of the conveying pipeline; the tangential water flow injection hole is used to guide the high-pressure water flow from the water pump to be injected into the center of the conveying pipeline along the direction of the Archimedean spiral to meet at the center of the conveying pipeline, so as to push the fine particle slurry to concentrate to the center of the pipeline and drive the fine particle slurry to flow upward. The specific structure of the mechanical-hydraulic hybrid ore lifting and conveying module 2 adopted in this embodiment can be referred to the contents disclosed in the invention patent entitled "Deep-sea mechanical-hydraulic hybrid disc pipeline ore lifting and conveying system" (application number: 202210699258X).

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the module connection and separation device 4 includes an ore transfer device 5 and a tailings transfer device 6; the ore transfer device 5 and the tailings transfer device 6 have the same structure, and are respectively arranged at both ends of the horizontal pipeline of the ore lifting and conveying module 2, wherein the tailings transfer device 6 is used to transfer the ore in the lower ore lifting and conveying module 2 to the upper ore lifting and conveying module 2, and the tailings transfer device 6 is used to transfer the tailings in the upper ore lifting and conveying module 2 to the lower ore lifting and conveying module 2.

[0048] The ore transfer device 5 and the tailings transfer device 6 of this embodiment have the same structure, which include two connectors (connector I 12 and connector II 17), a connecting piece, a connecting pipe, an active separation device, a docking device, a buoyancy device and a safety valve; the two connectors are respectively connected to the conveying pipes of the upper and lower adjacent ore lifting and conveying modules 2, and a transfer cavity (13, 22) is provided in the connector that is connected to the conveying pipe connected thereto.

[0049] The connecting pipe of this embodiment is an elastic compensator 16 connected between the two connectors, which is used to connect the transfer chambers (13, 22) in the two connectors; this embodiment realizes load horizontal wave compensation through the elastic compensator 16, and can avoid the collision of the two pipelines under the action of the ocean current, and can absorb the dynamic load of the waves in the deep sea on the pipeline, greatly protecting the service life and safety of the pipeline itself. Figure 4As shown, when the upper and lower adjacent ore lifting and conveying modules 2 are connected together, a closed cavity area is formed inside the elastic compensator 16, and the ore in the bearing area is lifted to the ore transfer device 5 along with the carrier 9. The ore enters the carrier 9 bearing area of ​​the next-level unit ore lifting and conveying module 2 through the cavity in the elastic compensator 16 due to gravity, and is further lifted along with the movement of the carrier 9 in the next-level unit ore lifting and conveying module 2. The tailings are transported downward in the same way.

[0050] The connecting member of this embodiment includes a rotary lock pin 18 and a pin hole for connecting with the rotary lock pin 18 respectively provided on the two connectors; Figure 5 As shown, the active separation device of this embodiment includes a remote-controlled hydraulic motor 15 and a gear set; the gear set includes an outer gear 21 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the remote-controlled hydraulic motor 15, an inner gear disc 20 meshing with the outer gear, and a lock pin gear 23 fixedly connected to the rotary lock pin 18 and meshing with the inner gear disc; the end portion of the rotary lock pin 18 has a protruding table surface, and a corresponding deep groove is opened at the bottom of the pin hole. After the rotary lock pin 18 is inserted into the pin hole and rotated, the connection between the two can be achieved. The outer gear 21 in the gear set is driven by the remote-controlled hydraulic motor 15, and the inner gear disc 20 meshing with it is driven to rotate through the outer gear 20, thereby driving the four lock pin gears 23 to rotate synchronously. When the hydraulic motor receives a locking or unlocking instruction, the rotary lock pin 18 is rotated through the above-mentioned gear set to complete locking or unlocking. After unlocking, the two parts of the connector are separated by the expansion of the buoyancy device 19; the active separation device is controlled by the surface support vessel. When encountering extreme situations, the surface support vessel can control the underwater multi-stage conveying module to separate according to the situation. The active separation device will turn on the separation switch when it receives the control signal from the water surface, thereby reducing the loss of the mining project and the safety of personnel.

[0051] The safety valve of this embodiment is arranged in the transfer chamber of the connector, and can be opened and closed by remote control. If a certain ore lifting and conveying module 2 is blocked, the safety valves in the upper and lower modules connected to it and the separation device 4 will be closed by remote control through the surface support vessel.

[0052] The docking device of this embodiment includes a steel cable winch 14 arranged on one of the connectors; the steel cable winch 14 is connected to the other connector through a steel cable, and is used to pull the two connectors closer to each other; the buoyancy device 19 is triggered when the active separation device drives the two connectors to separate, so that the ore lifting and conveying module 2 floats up. When the multi-stage conveying modules are separated in an emergency, the steel cable is still connected to the conveying modules that are separated from each other, and the pipeline can be recovered through the steel cable after the severe sea conditions are over.

[0053] The seabed feeding mechanism 10 of this embodiment is arranged at the ore inlet at the bottom of the lowest ore lifting and conveying module 2. The seabed mining vehicle conveys the collected ore to the seabed feeding mechanism 10, and the feeding device of the seabed feeding mechanism 10 loads the ore into the lifting and conveying system.

[0054] Embodiment 2 Pipeline blockage rescue method

[0055] like Fig.10 As shown, the pipeline blockage rescue method based on the modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0056] s1. When a blockage occurs in a certain ore lifting and conveying module and the other ore lifting and conveying modules are working normally, the tailings feeding mechanism on the surface operation ship is closed and the seabed feeding mechanism is stopped from filling ore into the ore lifting and conveying module; the surface operation ship and the seabed feeding mechanism are controlled to stop filling ore or tailings into the ore lifting and conveying module;

[0057] s2. When a blockage occurs, the lifting system above the ore lifting and conveying module lifts the ore and tailings to the surface support ship through the internal circulation of the carrier, and clears the ore and tailings in the pipeline above the blocked conveying module; when a blockage occurs, the lifting system below the ore lifting and conveying module discharges the tailings and ore to the seabed through the bottom discharge port through the internal circulation, and clears the ore and tailings in the pipeline below the blocked conveying module;

[0058] s3. After the pipeline is emptied, the surface support vessel remotely controls all module connections on the blocked lifting and conveying module to separate from the separation device, and the blocked lifting and conveying module is lifted to the surface by the buoyancy device for maintenance;

[0059] s4. Use an underwater robot to deploy a new lifting and conveying module to replace the blocked lifting and conveying module, and connect the newly deployed lifting and conveying module with the upper and lower adjacent lifting and conveying modules through the module connection and separation device.

[0060] Embodiment 3: Method for avoiding danger in severe sea conditions

[0061] like Figure 8 , 9 As shown, a method for avoiding severe sea conditions based on the modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0062] s1. After receiving the severe sea condition warning information, the surface support vessel stops filling tailings into the ore lifting and conveying module; the seabed ore collecting vehicle stops working, the seabed feeding mechanism stops filling ore into the ore lifting and conveying system, and the carrier continues to transport the remaining ore and tailings in the ore lifting and conveying module until the ore or tailings in the ore lifting and conveying module are emptied;

[0063] s2. The surface support vessel remotely controls the remote-controlled hydraulic motors in each connection and separation device to drive the rotary lock pin to rotate so that the ore lifting and conveying module is separated. The separation process is from bottom to top. First, the ore lifting and conveying module with the internal emptied at the lower end is separated to ensure that the entire separation process is completed at the fastest speed; each connection and separation device triggers the buoyancy device inside the separation device during the separation process, and the buoyancy device provides buoyancy for the pipeline; after the connection and separation device is separated, a steel cable is used for connection. The ore lifting and conveying module connected by the steel cable floats freely in the middle layer of the seawater under the buoyancy provided by the buoyancy device. After completing the separation operation, the personnel on the surface operation ship take air transportation to quickly leave the warning sea area;

[0064] s3. When the sea surface conditions tend to stabilize, the personnel return to the surface operation ship to remotely control the cable winch in the docking device to tighten the steel cable, so that all pipelines are recovered to a certain area. The surface operation ship deploys a certain number of underwater robots to reconnect the pipelines and quickly resume production.

[0065] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system, characterized by: At least includes an ore discharging mechanism, a shipboard tailings feeding mechanism, a seabed feeding mechanism, a seabed discharging mechanism, an ore lifting and conveying module, and a module connecting and separating device; The ore lifting and conveying modules are distributed in a plurality between the surface support vessel and the seabed feeding mechanism, and at least include a conveying pipeline of a closed-loop structure, a carrier located in the conveying pipeline, and a driving device for driving the carrier to circulate along the conveying pipeline; The module connection and separation device is used to achieve connection and separation between upper and lower adjacent ore lifting and conveying modules, and includes an ore transfer device and a tailings transfer device; the ore transfer device and the tailings transfer device have the same structure, and include two connectors, a connector, a connecting pipe, an active separation device and a docking device; the two connectors are respectively connected to the conveying pipelines of the upper and lower adjacent ore lifting and conveying modules, and a transfer cavity connected to the conveying pipeline connected thereto is provided in the connector; the connector is used to relatively fix the two connectors; the connecting pipe is used to connect the transfer cavities in the two connectors; The active separation device is used to release the connection of the connector to separate the two connectors from each other; the docking device is used to drive the two connectors to move closer to each other after separation; the ore transfer device and the tailings transfer device are respectively arranged at both ends of the horizontal pipeline of the ore lifting and conveying module, wherein the ore transfer device is used to transfer the ore in the ore lifting and conveying module located below to the ore lifting and conveying module located above, and the tailings transfer device is used to transfer the tailings in the ore lifting and conveying module located above to the ore lifting and conveying module located below; The module connection and separation device also includes a safety valve arranged in the connector for controlling the on and off of the transfer chamber; the safety valve is opened and closed by remote control; if a certain ore lifting and conveying module is blocked, the safety valves in the upper and lower module connection and separation devices connected to it will be closed remotely by the surface support vessel; other ore lifting and conveying modules can transport and clear the ore and tailings in the pipeline through internal circulation.

2. The modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting pipe is an elastic compensator connected between two connectors.

3. The modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The connecting piece includes a rotary locking pin respectively arranged on two connectors and a pin hole for cooperating with the rotary locking pin; the active separation device includes a remote-controlled hydraulic motor and a gear set; the gear set includes an external gear driven by the remote-controlled hydraulic motor, an internal gear plate meshing with the external gear, and a locking pin gear fixed to the rotary locking pin and meshing with the internal gear plate.

4. The modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The docking device comprises a steel cable winch arranged on one of the connectors, and the steel cable winch is connected to the other connector via a steel cable and is used for pulling the two connectors closer to each other.

5. The modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The module connection and separation device also includes a buoyancy device arranged between the two connectors. The buoyancy device is triggered to inflate after the rotary lock pin is unlocked, so as to separate the two connectors and provide buoyancy for lifting the conveying module.

6. The modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving device of the ore lifting and conveying module includes a mechanical driving mechanism and a rotary jet pump mechanism; The mechanical driving mechanism comprises two parallel belt / chain conveyors and a transmission pin connected between the belts / chains of the two belt / chain conveyors; the mechanical driving mechanism drives the carrier to move along the axis of the conveying pipeline through the transmission pin, and transmits the driving force by the latter carrier driving the former carrier to move, so that all carriers move in a closed loop along the axis of the conveying pipeline; The jet pump mechanism includes a water pump and a tangential water flow injection hole arranged around the axis of the conveying pipeline; the tangential water flow injection hole is used to guide the high-pressure water flow from the water pump to be injected into the center of the conveying pipeline along the direction of the Archimedean spiral line to meet at the center of the conveying pipeline, so as to push the fine particle slurry to concentrate to the center of the pipeline and drive the fine particle slurry to flow upward.

7. A method for rescuing pipeline blockage of a modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: s1. Control the tailings feeding mechanism on board and the seabed feeding mechanism to stop loading ore or tailings into the ore lifting and conveying module; s2. The ore lifting and conveying module above the blocked ore lifting and conveying module lifts the ore and tailings to the surface support vessel through the internal circulation of the carrier until the ore or tailings in the ore lifting and conveying module are emptied; The ore lifting and conveying modules below the blocked ore lifting and conveying module discharge tailings and ore to the seabed through the bottom discharge port through internal circulation until the ore or tailings in the ore lifting and conveying module are emptied; s3. After the pipeline is emptied, all modules on the ore lifting and conveying module that is blocked are controlled to be connected and separated from the separation device, and the blocked lifting and conveying module is lifted to the surface by the buoyancy device for maintenance; s4. Deploy a new ore hoisting and conveying module to replace the blocked ore hoisting and conveying module.

8. A method for avoiding severe sea conditions based on the modular detachable deep-sea ore lifting and conveying system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: s1. After receiving the severe sea condition warning information, the tailings feeding mechanism on board and the seabed feeding mechanism of the surface operation ship are controlled to stop filling tailings or ore into the ore lifting and conveying module; the carrier in the ore lifting and conveying module continues to work, and the ore or tailings in the conveying module are emptied; s2. Remotely control the remote control hydraulic motor in each of the module connection and separation devices to drive the rotary lock pin to rotate, so that each ore lifting and conveying module is separated from bottom to top; each of the module connection and separation devices triggers the buoyancy device to work during the separation process so that each ore lifting and conveying module floats freely in the middle layer of seawater; s3. When the sea surface conditions stabilize, control the steel cable winch in the module connection and separation device to tighten the steel cable, so that all ore lifting and conveying modules are recovered to a certain area, and the ore lifting and conveying modules are reconnected by operators or underwater robots.

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