Incandescent lamp with improved visibility

Abstract

The invention provides a light generating device (1000) comprising an LED filament (100), wherein the LED filament (100) comprises a support (105), a group (107) of solid state light sources (110), and an encapsulant (160), wherein: (I) the LED filament (100) has a length axis (108) of a first length (LI); (II) the solid state light sources (110) are arranged on the LED filament (100) over the first length (LI) on the support (105), wherein the solid state light sources (110) are configured to generate light source light (111); (III) the encapsulant (160) surrounds at least a portion of each solid state light source (110) of the group (107) of solid state light sources (110), wherein the encapsulant (160) comprises a luminescent material (200) configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light (111) into luminescent material light (201); (IV) the light generating device (1000) is configured to generate device light (1001) comprising one or more of (i) the light source light (111) and (ii) the luminescent material light (201); (V) for each solid state light source (110) of the group (107) of solid state light sources, it holds that, relative to a first virtual plane (171) parallel to the length axis (108) and intersecting the solid state light source (110), the encapsulant (160) is asymmetrically configured relative to the first virtual plane (171).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a light generating device and a lamp including such a light generating device. Background Technology

[0002] Filament-type light-generating devices are known in the art. For example, US 8,400,051B2 describes a light-generating device comprising: an elongated strip-shaped package having a left end and a right end, the package being formed such that a plurality of leads are integrally formed with a first resin, wherein a portion of the leads is exposed; a light-emitting element fixed to at least one of the leads and electrically connected to said at least one lead; and a second resin sealing the light-emitting element, wherein the leads are formed of metal, the entire bottom surface of the light-emitting element is covered by at least one of the leads, the entire bottom surface of the package is covered by the first resin having sidewalls integrally formed with the portion covering the bottom surface of the package. Furthermore, above the upper surface of the lead wire, the second resin fills the top of the sidewall of the first resin and includes a fluorescent material with a specific gravity greater than that of the second resin. The lead wire has an outer lead portion for external connection and protrudes from the left and right ends in the longitudinal direction of the package. The fluorescent material is arranged to be concentrated near the light-emitting element and is excited by a portion of the light emitted by the light-emitting element to emit a color different from the color of the light emitted by the light-emitting element. The sidewall transmits a portion of the light emitted by the light-emitting element and entering the sidewall, as well as a portion of the light emitted from the fluorescent material, to a portion covering the bottom surface of the package.

[0003] WO2020 / 190960A1 discloses an LED filament. The LED filament includes: a light-transmitting substrate; a first LED chip array on the front side of the substrate; a second LED chip array on the front side of the substrate; a first photoluminescent device covering the first LED chip array; and a second photoluminescent device covering the second LED chip array; wherein the first LED chip array and the first device generate light with a first color temperature, and the second LED chip array and the second device generate light with a second color temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Incandescent bulbs are being rapidly replaced by LED-based lighting solutions. However, users can appreciate and expect to have modified lamps that retain the appearance of incandescent bulbs. To achieve this, one can utilize the basic structure of glass-based incandescent bulbs and replace the filament with LEDs that emit white light. One concept is based on LED filaments placed within such bulbs. These lamps have a very appealing appearance, as they are highly decorative.

[0005] To improve the retro look of these LED incandescent bulbs, the LED filaments can emit a relatively warm white light (e.g., 2200K). However, a drawback of this solution is that color recognition may be unsatisfactory when these LED incandescent bulbs are used for general lighting purposes. Therefore, there is a need for improved LED incandescent bulbs to provide, for example, decorative and / or warm lighting, while improving the visibility of objects and colors (functional lighting).

[0006] Therefore, one aspect of the present invention is to provide an alternative light generating device that preferably further avoids at least partially one or more of the aforementioned disadvantages. The object of the present invention may be to overcome or mitigate at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, or to provide a useful alternative.

[0007] Among other things, this document proposes to provide an LED incandescent lamp that provides improved visibility of objects and colors. Specifically, such an LED incandescent lamp may be made of an LED filament comprising a plurality of LEDs arranged on a flexible, elongated carrier. In this document, in embodiments, the plurality of LEDs may be at least partially covered by an encapsulation comprising a luminescent material to partially convert the LED light into converted light. In particular, in embodiments, the LEDs are arranged asymmetrically relative to the encapsulation.

[0008] Therefore, in one aspect, the present invention provides a light generating device (“device” or “lighting device”) comprising an LED filament (“filament”), wherein the LED filament includes a support, a set of solid-state light sources (“light sources”), and an encapsulation. The LED filament may have a length axis of a first length (L1). In particular, the solid-state light sources are arranged along the first length (L1) of the LED filament located on the support. Furthermore, the solid-state light sources are configured to generate light source light (during operation of the light generating device). In particular, in an embodiment, the encapsulation surrounds at least a portion of each of the set of solid-state light sources. Furthermore, the encapsulation may include a luminescent material configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light into luminescent material light. In particular, the light generating device is configured to generate device light, which includes one or more of (i) light source light and (ii) luminescent material light, and more particularly, both light source light and luminescent material light. In an embodiment, if the color point at one or more light sources is measured along a circle surrounding the respective light source (where the circle is perpendicular to the elongation axis), the intensity (energy-based) average color point on one side of the circle will differ from the intensity (energy-based) average color point on the other side of the circle. For example, one or more of u' and v' may differ by at least 0.05. Furthermore, in a specific embodiment, it may be applicable for each solid-state light source in this group that the encapsulation is asymmetrically configured relative to a first virtual plane parallel to the elongation axis and intersecting the solid-state light source. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the present invention provides a light generating device including an LED filament, wherein the LED filament includes a support, a set of solid-state light sources, and an encapsulation, wherein: (I) the LED filament has a length axis of a first length (L1); (II) the solid-state light source is arranged on the first length (L1) of the LED filament located on the support, wherein the solid-state light source is configured to generate light source light; (III) the encapsulation surrounds at least a portion of each of the set of solid-state light sources, wherein the encapsulation includes a luminescent material configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light into luminescent material light; (IV) the light generating device is configured to generate device light, the device light including one or more of (i) light source light and (ii) luminescent material light; and (V) applicable to each of the set of solid-state light sources is that the encapsulation is asymmetrically configured relative to a first virtual plane parallel to the length axis and intersecting with the solid-state light source.

[0009] Using such a light-generating device, it is possible to provide (relatively) warm white light in one direction and (cooler) white light in another. Thus, spherical or decorative lighting can be provided in one direction, while relatively more functional light (e.g., for improving readability and / or visibility) can be provided in the other. However, using such a light-generating device, it is also possible to provide light with a first color point in one direction and light with a second color point in another. Therefore, in an embodiment, one side can be used for functional lighting, and the other side for decorative lighting and / or spherical lighting. Furthermore, the spatial variation of the correlated color temperature or color point can be substantially gradual, which is also desirable.

[0010] As described above, the light-generating device includes an LED filament, wherein the LED filament includes a support, a solid-state light source, and an encapsulation. Such LED filaments are known and described, for example, in US8,400,051B2, WO2020016058, WO2019197394, etc., which are incorporated herein by reference. The number of light sources in the group can be at least four, such as at least eight, or more particularly at least twelve, and can reach, for example, 100, or even more. Specifically, in embodiments, the number of light sources in the group can be selected from a range of 10 to 1000, such as 10 to 200.

[0011] The LED filament has a length axis of a first length (L1). This length axis specifically defines the length of the LED filament. The LED filament can be straight or it can be curved. The support for the LED filament (see also below) can have an elongated body axis. The length axis can be substantially the same as the body axis. As mentioned above, the body axis can be curved because the LED filament can be curved. For example, the filament can have a helical shape or other curved shapes.

[0012] A solid-state light source is arranged along a first length (L1) of an LED filament located on a support. Therefore, the solid-state light source is arranged over at least a portion of the length. Thus, the light source can be configured as a 1D array over at least a portion of the length. When measured along the LED filament, the mutual distance between the first and last solid-state light sources is at least 0.5 * L1, and more particularly 0.7 * L1 (i.e., 70% of the first length). In an embodiment, the solid-state light sources can be configured as two 1D arrays, one array on one side of the support and one array on the other side of the support. The invention described herein refers to a solid-state light source at least partially enclosed on one side of the support. However, the same applies to solid-state light sources on the other side of the support. 2D arrays of solid-state light sources are not excluded herein. However, an array of solid-state light sources perpendicular to the length axis can be considered a single solid-state light source herein. Furthermore, the invention is specifically described herein for 1D arrays of solid-state light sources (unless otherwise stated).

[0013] The term "light source" can refer to semiconductor light-emitting devices, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), resonant cavity light-emitting diodes (RCLEDs), vertical cavity laser diodes (VCSELs), edge-emitting lasers, etc. The term "light source" can also refer to organic light-emitting diodes, such as passive matrix (PMOLED) or active matrix (AMOLED). In specific embodiments, the light source includes solid-state light sources (such as LEDs or laser diodes). In embodiments, the light source includes LEDs (light-emitting diodes). The term LED can also refer to multiple LEDs. Furthermore, the term "light source" in embodiments can also refer to so-called chip-on-board (COB) light sources. The term "COB" specifically refers to LED chips in semiconductor chip form that are neither encased nor connected, but directly mounted on a substrate, such as a PCB. Therefore, multiple semiconductor light sources can be configured on the same substrate. In embodiments, a COB is multiple LED chips configured together as a single lighting module. The term "light source" can also refer to multiple (substantially identical (or different)) light sources, such as 2 to 2000 solid-state light sources. In embodiments, the light source may include one or more micro-optical elements (microlens arrays) downstream of a single solid-state light source (such as an LED) or downstream of multiple solid-state light sources (i.e., shared by multiple LEDs). In embodiments, the light source may include an LED with on-chip optics. In embodiments, the light source includes pixelated individual LEDs (with or without optics) (providing on-chip beam steering in embodiments).

[0014] The phrases “different light sources” or “multiple different light sources,” and similar phrases, in embodiments may refer to multiple solid-state light sources selected from at least two different bins. Similarly, the phrases “identical light sources” or “multiple identical light sources,” and similar phrases, in embodiments may refer to multiple solid-state light sources selected from the same bin.

[0015] In this embodiment, the solid-state light sources in the group are, in particular, substantially identical. Therefore, they may, for example, originate from the same enclosure. Thus, in a specific embodiment, they may be configured to produce light with substantially the same color point and / or substantially the same dominant wavelength. In other embodiments, the solid-state light sources comprise a limited number of different light sources, such as up to about five different types of solid-state light sources, such as up to about four different types of solid-state light sources, and more particularly up to about three different types of solid-state light sources. Thus, in a specific embodiment, they may be configured to produce light with different color points and / or dominant wavelengths. In this document, the invention is described particularly using embodiments in which the solid-state light sources are substantially identical (within a group of solid-state light sources).

[0016] In specific embodiments, the colors or color points of the first type of light and the second type of light may be different when the corresponding color points of the first type of light and the second type of light differ by at least 0.01 with respect to u' and / or at least 0.01 with respect to v', or even more specifically, by at least 0.02 with respect to u' and / or at least 0.02 with respect to v'. In more specific embodiments, the corresponding color points of the first type of light and the second type of light may differ by at least 0.03 with respect to u' and / or at least 0.03 with respect to v'. In other specific embodiments, the colors or color points of the first type of light and the second type of light may be substantially the same when the corresponding color points of the first type of light and the second type of light differ by a maximum of 0.03 with respect to u' and / or a maximum of 0.03 with respect to v', or even more specifically, by a maximum of 0.02 with respect to u' and / or a maximum of 0.02 with respect to v'. In a more specific embodiment, the corresponding color points of the first type of light and the second type of light may differ by a maximum of 0.01 for u' and / or a maximum of 0.01 for v'. Here, u' and v' are the color coordinates of the light in the CIE 1976 UCS (Uniform Chromaticity Scale) diagram.

[0017] It is also possible that the light emitted by a solid-state light source located on one side of the support has a different spectral distribution and / or intensity than that emitted by a solid-state light source located on the other side of the support (in embodiments where the solid-state light source is available on both sides of the support). Furthermore, in embodiments, in addition to the solid-state light sources from a group of solid-state light sources, other solid-state light sources may be constituted by light-generating devices. Specifically, in this document, the filament includes this group of solid-state light sources, and no other light sources are included unless other light sources also constitute the group as defined herein, and are subject to the conditions defined herein.

[0018] In this embodiment, the solid-state light source includes an LED. Alternatively or additionally, in this embodiment, the solid-state light source includes a diode laser. In particular, the solid-state light source includes an LED.

[0019] As described above, the solid-state light source is configured to generate light. In this embodiment, the light source is blue light.

[0020] The term "blue light" or "blue emission" specifically refers to light with wavelengths in the range of approximately 440 nm to 495 nm (including some violet and cyan hues). The term "violet light" or "violet emission" specifically refers to light with wavelengths in the range of approximately 380 nm to 440 nm. The term "green light" or "green emission" specifically refers to light with wavelengths in the range of approximately 495 nm to 570 nm. The term "yellow light" or "yellow emission" specifically refers to light with wavelengths in the range of approximately 570 nm to 590 nm. The term "orange light" or "orange emission" specifically refers to light with wavelengths in the range of approximately 590 nm to 620 nm. The term "red light" or "red emission" specifically refers to light with wavelengths in the range of approximately 620 nm to 780 nm. The term "pink light" or "pink emission" refers to light having both blue and red components. The terms "visible," "visible light," or "visible emission," and similar terms refer to one or more wavelengths in the range of approximately 380 nm to 780 nm. The terms “light” and “radiation” are used interchangeably herein unless it is clearly apparent from the context that the term “light” refers only to visible light. Therefore, the terms “light” and “radiation” can refer to ultraviolet radiation, visible light, and infrared radiation. In specific embodiments, particularly in lighting applications, the terms “light” and “radiation” refer to (at least) visible light.

[0021] As described above, the encapsulation surrounds at least a portion of each solid-state light source in the group of solid-state light sources. Therefore, applicable to each solid-state light source in the group is that the encapsulation covers at least a portion of the corresponding solid-state light source. Generally, the encapsulation contacts the support and covers the entire solid-state light source. This may also be the case herein; however, some embodiments are also contemplated herein in which the encapsulation partially encapsulates the solid-state light source. Furthermore, particularly, the encapsulation at least partially covers a portion of all solid-state light sources in the group. Therefore, in specific embodiments, the spectral power distribution (angular distribution) may be substantially the same for each solid-state light source in the group, but this is not necessarily the case.

[0022] Therefore, in embodiments, the encapsulation is disposed over a large portion of the length of the support (e.g., more than 70% of the filament length) and can be a continuous coating, thereby covering multiple solid-state light sources, such as at least two, at least five, more particularly at least ten (e.g., in embodiments, at least 50% of the total number of such solid-state light sources). The encapsulation can be a continuous coating along the length of the filament, on one or both sides of the support. The solid-state light sources may have light-emitting surfaces, such as LED dies. In this document, the phrase "encapsulation at least surrounds a portion of the solid-state light source" and similar phrases particularly indicate that at least a portion of the light-emitting surface is surrounded by the encapsulation.

[0023] The encapsulation includes a luminescent material configured to convert at least a portion of the light from the light source into luminescent material light. Therefore, the luminescent material is positioned downstream of the solid-state light source.

[0024] The terms “upstream” and “downstream” refer to the arrangement of items or features relative to the propagation of light from a light-generating device (here, especially a light source), wherein a second position in the beam closer to the light-generating device is “upstream” relative to a first position in the beam from the light-generating device, and a third position in the beam farther from the light-generating device is “downstream”.

[0025] The term "luminescent material" specifically refers to a material that can convert one or more of a first type of radiation, particularly ultraviolet radiation and blue radiation, into a second type of radiation. Generally, the first and second radiations have different spectral power distributions. Therefore, the terms "luminescent converter" or "converter" can also be used instead of "luminescent material." Generally, the spectral power distribution of the second radiation is located at a wavelength larger than that of the first radiation; this is known as downconversion. In specific embodiments, the spectral power distribution of the second radiation with intensity is located at a wavelength smaller than that of the first radiation; this is known as upconversion.

[0026] In embodiments, "luminescent material" can specifically refer to a material capable of converting radiation into, for example, visible light and / or infrared light. For example, in embodiments, the luminescent material can convert one or more of ultraviolet radiation and blue radiation into visible light. In specific embodiments, the luminescent material can also convert radiation into infrared radiation (IR). Therefore, when excited by radiation, the luminescent material emits radiation. Generally, the luminescent material will be a downconverter, i.e., radiation of a smaller wavelength is converted into radiation of a larger wavelength (λ). ex <λ em Although in specific implementations, the luminescent material may include a down-converter luminescent material, i.e., radiation of a larger wavelength is converted into radiation of a smaller wavelength (λ). ex >λ em ).

[0027] In embodiments, the term "luminescence" may refer to phosphorescence. In embodiments, the term "luminescence" may also refer to fluorescence. The term "emission" may also be used instead of "luminescence." Therefore, the terms "first radiation" and "second radiation" may refer to excitation radiation and emission (radiation), respectively. Similarly, the term "luminescent material" in embodiments may refer to phosphorescence and / or fluorescence. The term "luminescent material" may also refer to a variety of different luminescent materials. Examples of possible luminescent materials are given below.

[0028] Examples of garnet particularly include A3B5O. 12 Garnet, wherein A comprises at least yttrium or lutetium, and wherein B comprises at least aluminum. This garnet may be doped with cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), or a combination of cerium and praseodymium; but especially with Ce. In particular, B comprises aluminum (Al), however, B may also partially comprise gallium (Ga) and / or scandium (Sc) and / or indium (In), especially up to about 20% Al, more particularly up to about 10% Al (i.e., the B ions are essentially composed of 90% or more mol% Al and 10% or less mol% of one or more of Ga, Sc, and In); B may particularly comprise up to about 10% gallium. In another variant, B and O may be at least partially substituted with Si and N. The A element may particularly be selected from the group consisting of yttrium (Y), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), and lutetium (Lu). Furthermore, Gd and / or Tb are particularly present only in amounts reaching 20% ​​of A. In a specific embodiment, the garnet luminescent material includes (Y 1-x Lu x )3B5O 12 :Ce, where x is equal to or greater than 0, and equal to or less than 1.

[0029] The term ":Ce" indicates that a portion of the metal ions in a luminescent material (i.e., in garnet, a portion of the "A" ions) is replaced by Ce. For example, in (Y) 1-x Lu x )3A15O12 In the case of Ce, a portion of Y and / or Lu is replaced by Ce. This is known to those skilled in the art. Generally, Ce will replace no more than 10% of A; generally, the concentration of Ce will be between 0.1% and 4%, especially between 0.1% and 2% (relative to A). Assuming 1% Ce and 10% Y, the perfectly correct formula could be (Y 0.1 Lu 0.89 Ce 0.01 )3A15O 12 .

[0030] Ce in garnet is essentially or only in the trivalent state, as is known to those skilled in the art.

[0031] Blue light-emitting concentrators can be based on YSO(Y2SiO5:Ce) 3+ ), or similar compounds, or BAM (BaMgAl) 10 O 17 Eu 2+ ), or similar compounds, especially configured as single crystals.

[0032] In embodiments, the red luminescent material may comprise one or more materials selected from the group consisting of (Ba,Sr,Ca)S:Eu, (Ba,Sr,Ca)AlSiN3:Eu, and (Ba,Sr,Ca)2Si5N8:Eu. In these compounds, europium (Eu) is substantially or only divalent and substitutes for one or more of the indicated divalent cations. Generally, the amount of Eu present does not exceed 10% of the cation; its presence is particularly in the range of about 0.5% to 10%, and more particularly in the range of about 0.5% to 5% relative to the cation it substitutes. The term ":Eu" indicates that a portion of the metal ion is replaced by Eu (in these examples, Eu). 2+ () Replace. For example, assuming that CaAlSiN3:Eu contains 2% Eu, the correct formula could be (Ca... 0.98 Eu 0.02 AlSiN3. Divalent europium generally substitutes for divalent cations, such as the aforementioned divalent alkaline earth cations, especially Ca, Sr, or Ba.

[0033] The material (Ba,Sr,Ca)S:Eu can also be represented as MS:Eu, where M is one or more elements selected from barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca); in particular, M in this compound includes calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, especially calcium. Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca).

[0034] Furthermore, the material (Ba,Sr,Ca)2Si5N8:Eu can also be represented as M2Si5N8:Eu, where M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca); in particular, M in this compound includes Sr and / or Ba. In another specific embodiment, M consists of Sr and / or Ba (regardless of the presence of Eu), especially 50% to 100%, more especially 50% to 90% Ba and 50% to 0%, especially 50% to 10% Sr, such as Ba 1.5 Sr 0.5 Si5N8:Eu (i.e., 75% Ba; 25% Sr). Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca).

[0035] Similarly, the material (Ba,Sr,Ca)AlSiN3:Eu can also be represented as MA1SiN3:Eu, where M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca); in particular, M in this compound includes calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, more especially calcium. Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca).

[0036] As is known to those skilled in the art, the Eu in the above-mentioned luminescent materials is essentially or only in a divalent state.

[0037] In this document, the term "luminescent material" specifically refers to inorganic luminescent materials, and is sometimes also referred to as phosphor. These terms are known to those skilled in the art.

[0038] Alternatively or additionally, other luminescent materials may be applied. For example, quantum dots and / or organic dyes may be applied and optionally embedded in a transmissive matrix, such as polymers like PMMA or polysiloxanes.

[0039] Quantum dots are small semiconductor crystals, typically only a few nanometers in width or diameter. When excited by incident light, quantum dots emit light of a color determined by the size and material of the crystal. Therefore, specific colors of light can be produced by adjusting the size of the quantum dots. Most known quantum dots that emit in the visible range are based on cadmium selenide (CdSe) with a shell (such as cadmium sulfide (CdS) and zinc sulfide (ZnS)). Cadmium-free quantum dots, such as indium phosphide (InP), copper sulfide (CuInS2), and / or silver sulfide (AgInS2), can also be used. Quantum dots exhibit very narrow emission bands, and therefore they exhibit saturated colors. Furthermore, the emitted color can be easily adjusted by changing the size of the quantum dots. Any type of quantum dot known in the art can be used in this invention. However, this is preferred for environmental safety and for the use of cadmium-free quantum dots or quantum dots with at least very low cadmium content.

[0040] Other quantum confinement structures may be used instead of quantum dots, or in addition to quantum dots. The term "quantum confinement structure" should be understood in the context of this application to mean, for example, quantum wells, quantum dots, quantum rods, tripods, quadrilaterals, or nanowires, etc.

[0041] Organic phosphors can also be used. Examples of suitable organic phosphor materials include perylene derivative-based organic light-emitting materials, such as those from BASF. The name of the compound being sold. Examples of suitable compounds include, but are not limited to, those listed below. Red F305 Orange F240 YellowF083 and F170.

[0042] Specifically, in the embodiments, the luminescent material is selected from garnet and nitride, especially garnet and nitride doped with trivalent cerium or divalent europium, respectively. The term "nitride" may also refer to oxynitride or silicate nitride, etc.

[0043] The light-generating device is configured to generate device light, which includes one or more of (i) light from a light source and (ii) light from a luminescent material. Specifically, the device light includes both light from a light source and light from a luminescent material. In this way, for example, white device light can be generated (see also below). The term "white light" as used herein is known to those skilled in the art. It particularly refers to light having a correlated color temperature (CCT) between about 1800K and 20000K, such as between 2000K and 20000K, especially 2700K to 20000K, for general illumination, particularly in the range of about 2700K and 6500K. Further, however, in embodiments, the correlated color temperature (CCT) is particularly within about 15 SDCM (standard deviation of color matching) from the BBL (blackbody track), particularly within about 10 SDCM from the BBL, and even more particularly within about 5 SDCM from the BBL.

[0044] Specifically, this paper aims to provide different colors or types of white light in different directions. In this way, a first type of light can propagate in a first direction, and a second type of light can propagate in a second direction. Therefore, the user can perceive different types of light based on their position relative to the light-generating device. Alternatively, the light-generating device can provide different functions. This is particularly possible when the solid-state light source and the encapsulation (i.e., the luminescent material) are not symmetrically configured (relative to a plane of symmetry parallel to the LED filament, especially a plane of symmetry including the length axis). For example, the luminescent material may have an asymmetrical distribution and / or the solid-state light source may be asymmetrically positioned on the LED filament.

[0045] Therefore, in the embodiments, for each solid-state light source in the group of solid-state light sources, the encapsulation is configured asymmetrically relative to the first virtual plane, which is parallel to the length axis and intersects with the solid-state light source. Specifically, the first virtual plane may intersect with the center of the solid-state light source, such as with the center of the LED. It should be noted that when the filament can be bent within the plane of the filament, the virtual plane can also bend substantially in the same manner as the curvature of the filament.

[0046] The light from the light source can have different propagation lengths through the luminescent material. However, due to asymmetry, the distribution of these different propagation lengths becomes asymmetrical. As described above, in this way, a first type of light can propagate in a first direction, and a second type of light can propagate in a second direction. Therefore, in embodiments, the encapsulation (and thus the luminescent material) may not be configured symmetrically with respect to the solid-state light source.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, for one or more, particularly multiple, solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, at least 10, or even more particularly at least 15; for example, representing 50% of the total number of solid-state light sources in the group) (110), the length axis lies within a first virtual plane. In a further specific embodiment, this may be applied to all solid-state light sources in the group.

[0048] Alternatively or additionally, in embodiments, for one or more, particularly multiple, solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, at least 10, or even more particularly at least 15; for example, representing 50% of the total number of solid-state light sources in the group) (110), it is applicable that the encapsulation is symmetrically arranged relative to a second virtual plane configured to be parallel to the first virtual plane. In further specific embodiments, this may be applied to all solid-state light sources in the group. In such embodiments, the solid-state light sources may be symmetrically arranged relative to the support, which may be desirable from the perspective of manufacturing LED filaments.

[0049] Alternatively or additionally, in embodiments, for one or more, particularly multiple, solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, at least 10, or even more particularly at least 15; for example, representing 50% of the total number of solid-state light sources in the group) (110), the encapsulation does not have a second virtual plane relative to its symmetrical arrangement. In further specific embodiments, this may be applied to all solid-state light sources in the group. In such embodiments, the solid-state light sources may be symmetrically arranged relative to the support, which may be desirable from the perspective of manufacturing LED filaments. However, such luminescent material has an asymmetrical distribution.

[0050] Alternatively or additionally, in embodiments, for one or more, particularly multiple, solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, at least 10, or even more particularly at least 15; for example, representing 50% of the total number of solid-state light sources in the group) (110), it is suitable that the encapsulation partially covers the solid-state light source. In further specific embodiments, this may be applied to all solid-state light sources in the group. In such embodiments, the solid-state light sources may be symmetrically configured relative to the support, which may be desirable from the perspective of manufacturing LED filaments. However, the luminescent material is asymmetrically positioned on the support.

[0051] Alternatively or additionally, in embodiments, for one or more, particularly multiple, solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, at least 10, or even more particularly at least 15; for example, representing 50% of the total number of solid-state light sources in the group) (110), it is applicable that the length axis is not in the first virtual plane. In further specific embodiments, this may apply to all solid-state light sources in the group. In such embodiments, the solid-state light sources may be configured asymmetrically relative to the support. However, the luminescent material may have a symmetrical distribution and may be symmetrically positioned on the support, which may be desirable from the perspective of manufacturing LED filaments.

[0052] As mentioned above, this may lead to an asymmetric distribution of the optical properties of the device light.

[0053] Therefore, in symmetrical embodiments, the cross-section of the encapsulation perpendicular to the length axis may have a circular segment shape. In other embodiments, the cross-section of the encapsulation perpendicular to the length axis may have the shape of an (isosceles) triangle or an (isosceles) triangle with a dome, or a square, or a square with rounded corners.

[0054] However, in asymmetrical embodiments, the cross-section can therefore be asymmetrical. For example, in an embodiment, the encapsulation may include two distinct halves in a cross-section perpendicular to the length axis. In an embodiment, the encapsulation may have different sides or two halves (relative to the center of the LED's (light output surface)). In a specific embodiment, the (average) path length PL1 at one side of the LED, measured from the center of the (light output surface), is different from the average path length PL2 at the other side of the LED. Specifically, in an embodiment, PL1 > PL2, such as PL1 > 11 * PL2. In a specific embodiment, PL1 > 1.2 * PL2. For example, in an embodiment, PL1 <PL2<2.5*PL1。

[0055] In a specific embodiment, for one or more, especially multiple, solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, at least 10, or even more particularly at least 15; for example, representing 50% of the total number of such solid-state light sources in this embodiment) (110), it is applicable that the device light emitted from the solid-state light sources in different directions in a first virtual plane and a third virtual plane perpendicular to the support has different color points, wherein the distribution of the color points is asymmetrical relative to the first virtual plane. Therefore, different colors can be provided in different directions.

[0056] However, in specific embodiments, this can also be applied to different correlated color temperatures. Thus, in specific (other) embodiments, the light generating device can be configured to generate white device light, and for one or more, especially multiple, solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, at least 10, or even more particularly at least 15; for example, representing 50% of the total number of such solid-state light sources in the embodiment) (110), it is applicable that the device light emitted from the solid-state light sources in different directions in a first virtual plane and a third virtual plane perpendicular to the support has different correlated color temperatures, wherein the distribution of correlated color temperatures is asymmetrical relative to the first virtual plane.

[0057] Specifically, in the embodiments, a lower correlated color temperature T L The maximum is 2500K, among which the higher correlated color temperature T H At least 2300K, of which T L <T H In this way, functional light and spherical light can be provided, for example. Furthermore, the difference is particularly at least 300K. In the embodiment, a lower correlated color temperature T... L Preferably, the maximum correlated color temperature is 2300K, more preferably 2150K, and most preferably 2050K. In the embodiments, a higher correlated color temperature T... H Preferably, it is at least 2700K, more preferably at least 3000K, and most preferably at least 3300K.

[0058] Therefore, in specific embodiments, a higher correlated color temperature T H and lower correlated color temperature T L The difference between them is at least 300K. In this way, different CCTs can be well perceived. In the embodiments, this difference is preferably at least 500K, more preferably at least 700K, and most preferably at least 900K.

[0059] As further described below, the light generating device includes such LED filaments. Thus, a light generating device with an asymmetrical optical characteristic distribution can be provided. Furthermore, the light generating device may include multiple such LED filaments. In later embodiments, the multiple LED filaments may be such that the asymmetrical distribution is aligned, and therefore, as still applicable to the light generating device, it can provide device light with an asymmetrical optical characteristic distribution. Therefore, the device light provided to one side by the device may have different optical characteristics than the device light provided to the other side. One side and the other side may be defined relative to a plane including, for example, the device axis (see also below) or relative to a plane perpendicular to the device axis.

[0060] Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the light generating device may include one or more LED filaments, wherein the light generating device is configured to generate first device light in a first direction and second device light in a second direction (different from the first direction), wherein the first device light and the second device light have different correlated color temperatures. In particular, the first direction and the second direction are opposite to each other.

[0061] In one embodiment, the light-generating device includes a device axis (A1), wherein a plurality of solid-state light sources are arranged along the length of the device axis (A1), and two or more of the solid-state light sources are arranged at substantially the same distance (d1) from the device axis (A1). Therefore, in this embodiment, the filament may have a helical structure. In this embodiment, it is possible that one light source blocks (excessive) light from another light source.

[0062] Therefore, in a specific embodiment where a circular filament structure is used, the filament can be configured in a spiral arrangement. This prevents one light source from excessively blocking another. Excessive blocking can occur when, for example, the optical axis of one light source intersects with that of another. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the light-generating device includes a device axis (A1), wherein a plurality of solid-state light sources are arranged along the length of the device axis (A1), wherein two or more of the solid-state light sources are arranged at different distances (d1) from the device axis (A1), and wherein, applicable to two or more of the solid-state light sources, a second axis (A2) parallel to the device axis (A1) intersects only one of the solid-state light sources.

[0063] As can be seen from the above, particularly in the embodiments, multiple solid-state light sources are configured in a helical arrangement, wherein the distance (d2) between the filament and the device axis (A1) is constant (especially spiral) or increases in the direction along the device axis (A1) (especially helical). In this way, a helical filament can be provided. In this way, a curved 3D shape with multiple windings can be provided.

[0064] Therefore, in the embodiments, the LED filament may have a 3D spiral structure or a coiled structure.

[0065] In this document, some further embodiments will be described below.

[0066] This document proposes an LED lamp comprising one or more, particularly multiple, such as at least three LED filaments, adapted to emit LED filament light during operation. Such filaments may be straight. However, in other embodiments, such filaments may be curved, such as having a coiled or helical shape. Therefore, the lamp may include multiple light-generating devices, wherein each light-generating device includes a filament, and wherein each light-generating device may have a device axis.

[0067] In this document, the term "filament" can refer to a support and multiple solid-state light sources supported by the support. The filament may in particular include a 1D array of solid-state light sources. A 2D array of solid-state light sources is also possible, but specifically, the number of rows (n1) is much smaller than the number of solid-state light sources (n2) in the corresponding row, such as n1 / n2 ≤ 0.2, n1 / n2 ≤ 0.1, and especially n1 / n2 ≤ 0.05. In a specific embodiment, the support supports a (1D) array of solid-state light sources on one side of the support and optionally another (1D) array of solid-state light sources on the other side of the support. Using a 1D array is a better configuration to provide different colors or types of white light in different directions, for example, due to larger differences in path length and / or less / less light shielding (generated by one or more LEDs in the second column). Using a 1D array is a low-cost configuration in terms of material (e.g., LEDs) and / or assembly costs. Therefore, the support may include a single LED pillar on a first main side and optionally another single LED pillar on a second main side opposite to the first main side.

[0068] In embodiments, the support member may have a thickness of 0.05 mm to 4 mm, such as 0.05 mm to 1 mm, or 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. The support member may have a width of 0.1 mm to 5 mm, such as 0.2 mm to 3 mm, or 0.3 mm to 2 mm. The length of the support member (and therefore essentially the length of the filament in embodiments), also referred to herein as the first length (L1), may be selected in embodiments, for example, from a range of 10 mm to 500 mm, such as 15 mm to 200 mm, such as in the range of 20 mm to 100 mm, such as in the range of 25 mm to 80 mm, such as 40 mm or 50 mm. Thus, the support member (and therefore essentially the filament) may have a relatively high aspect ratio (length / width or length / thickness), such as at least 10, even more particularly at least 15, such as at least 20, even more particularly at least 50. A large aspect ratio better simulates the filament.

[0069] The support may include, for example, glass or sapphire. In other embodiments, the support may include a polymer material. As described below, the support may be rigid (self-supporting) but may also (in polymer embodiments) be flexible. The first length is specifically the length along the elongation axis.

[0070] In one embodiment, the support member may be translucent. In other embodiments, the support member may be transparent. Therefore, the material of the support member may be translucent or transparent to light, especially to visible light. See also below for transparent materials.

[0071] When the filament is straight, it may have a straight elongation axis. However, in embodiments, the filament may also comprise multiple segments, wherein two or more of the segments may be configured relative to each other at an angle (≠180°; ≠0°). Alternatively or additionally, the elongated filament may comprise one or more arcs, such as arcuate segments, or two segments configured at an angle and connected via arcuate segments. Thus, in embodiments, the elongation axis may also comprise one or more arcs and / or one or more filament segments configured relative to each other at an angle (≠180°). Thus, the filament may comprise a single segment or may comprise multiple segments (each segment comprising one or more solid-state light sources). In particular, throughout this document, the elongated filament is substantially straight. In embodiments, one or more filaments may be self-supporting (straight) filaments (see also above).

[0072] This type of elongated light source is referred to in the art as an LED filament (an embodiment), wherein multiple solid-state light sources are configured on a support with resin comprising a luminescent material configured to surround at least a portion of the multiple LEDs. They can produce white light by combining, for example, a blue-emitting solid-state light source with a luminescent material (such as cerium-containing garnet) configured to convert a portion of the blue light into yellow light, thereby providing white light. Of course, other combinations of light sources and luminescent materials can also be chosen, such as blue solid-state light source light with yellow and red luminescent materials; blue solid-state light source light with green and red luminescent materials; ultraviolet solid-state light source light with blue, green, and red luminescent materials. Other luminescent materials can also be used in any of the suggested combinations, such as cyan and / or amber luminescent materials.

[0073] In one embodiment, the filament may include: a substrate having an elongated body extending along an elongation axis (this is an embodiment of a support), a plurality of solid-state light sources such as LEDs mechanically coupled to the substrate, and circuitry for powering the plurality of LEDs.

[0074] Furthermore, different types of solid-state light sources can be applied (optionally on different sides of the support in the embodiments, see also above). For example, a blue-emitting solid-state light source can be used in combination with one or more of a cyan-emitting and amber-emitting solid-state light sources. The cyan-emitting and amber-emitting solid-state light sources can each be obtained by using the same type of solid-state light source used to generate blue solid-state light, but in combination with specific luminescent materials.

[0075] Therefore, in an embodiment, the elongated light source includes an LED filament, wherein the elongated light source includes a light-emitting material configured to convert at least a portion of the solid-state light source light into light-emitting material light, wherein the light source light includes light-emitting material light and optionally solid-state light source light.

[0076] Therefore, the term "luminescent material" can also refer to a variety of different luminescent materials.

[0077] Therefore, in general, the light from a filament will have a spectral distribution with multiple wavelengths, like the blue light from a blue LED or the light-emitting material based on trivalent cerium containing garnet, or many luminescent materials based on Eu. 2+ The same applies to the yellow light emitted by luminescent materials.

[0078] Therefore, in the embodiments, each elongated filament includes a support and a plurality of solid-state light sources (located on one or both sides of the support). The solid-state light sources are specifically configured to generate solid-state light. In the embodiments, this light source light may be at least partially converted into luminescent material light by a luminescent material. Therefore, the filament light generated by the filament may include one or more of solid-state light and luminescent material light, especially in the embodiments both. It should be noted that, in the embodiments, the spectral distribution of the filament light may vary along the length of the filament and / or depend on the sides of the filament.

[0079] Therefore, the elongated filament has a first elongation axis of a first length (L1), wherein the elongated filament is configured to produce filament light over at least a portion of the first length (L1). For example, filament light can be produced over at least 70% of its length, particularly at least 80% of its length, even more particularly at least 90%, such as at least 95%, such as at least 98% of its length. Generally, light can be produced over substantially the entire length of the filament, making the filament considered a (classical) filament.

[0080] Solid-state light sources can have a pitch ranging from 0.3 mm to 3 mm.

[0081] In a specific embodiment, the solid-state light source is available only on one side of the support. In this embodiment, the filament may not be a radial emitter (radial relative to the first elongation axis). In other embodiments, the solid-state light source is available only on both sides of the support. In this embodiment, the filament may be a radial emitter (radial relative to the first elongation axis).

[0082] In one embodiment, the spectral distribution of filament light generated on one side of the filament can differ from that generated on the other side. This can be used to create specific effects. It can also be used to control the spectral distribution of light generated by the light-generating device.

[0083] As described above, a reverse-type lamp can be provided using a filament, which includes a light-transmitting bulb and, if necessary, even a pump rod. For example, optical elements can be attached to the pump rod.

[0084] Therefore, the term "light generating device" can also refer to a lamp, especially a lamp with a light-transmitting bulb in which one or more filaments and optical elements are arranged.

[0085] The light-generating device may have a light-emitting device axis or an extension axis. For example, the external shape of the light-generating device may be substantially symmetrical, having an axis of rotation and / or one or more planes of symmetry, like many conventional light bulbs. In a particular embodiment, the second extension axis may substantially coincide with the light-generating device axis or the extension axis.

[0086] In an embodiment, the light generating device may include (i) a base and (ii) an external bulb, which together define a housing surrounding a plurality of elongated filaments and optical elements, wherein the solid-state light source includes an LED, and wherein, in a particular embodiment, the elongated filaments are straight elongated elements.

[0087] Specifically, the light-generating device is a modified lamp.

[0088] In embodiments, the light-generating device may be included in or constitute an LED bulb or modified lamp, which may be connected to a lamp or luminaire socket via a suitable connector. For example, Edison screws, bayonet fittings, or other types of connectors known in the art suitable for bulbs or luminaires. The connector may be connected to a base portion, to which the extended filament and optical elements may be functionally coupled.

[0089] The light-generating device may include a control system, which is at least partially comprised of a base. This control system may be configured to control one or more of the following: the intensity of filament light, the intensity of a single light source or a group of light sources, color point, color temperature, etc.

[0090] The term "control" and similar terms specifically refer to at least determining the behavior of an element or monitoring the operation of an element. Therefore, in this document, "control" and similar terms can refer, for example, to applying actions to an element (determining the behavior of the element or monitoring the operation of the element), such as, for example, measuring, displaying, actuating, opening, shifting, changing temperature, etc. In addition, the term "control" and similar terms may also include monitoring. Therefore, the term "control" and similar terms can include applying actions to an element, or applying actions to an element and monitoring the element. Control of an element can be accomplished through a control system, which can also be referred to as a "controller." Therefore, the control system and the element can be functionally coupled, at least temporarily or permanently. The element may include the control system. In embodiments, the control system and the element may not be physically coupled. Control can be accomplished via wired and / or wireless control. The term "control system" can also refer to multiple different control systems that are functionally coupled, for example, one control system may be a master control system, and one or more other control systems may be slave control systems. The control system may include or may be functionally coupled to a user interface.

[0091] The control system can also be configured to receive and execute commands from a remote control. In an embodiment, the control system can be controlled via an application on a device such as a portable device like a smartphone or iPhone, tablet, etc. Therefore, the device does not need to be coupled to the light-generating device, but can be (temporarily) functionally coupled to the light-generating device.

[0092] Therefore, in this embodiment, the control system may also be configured to be controlled by an application on a remote device. In this embodiment, the control system of the light-generating device may be controlled by a slave control system or in a subordinate mode. For example, the light-generating device may be identified by a code, specifically a unique code for the corresponding light-generating device. The control system of the light-emitting device may be configured to be controlled by an external control system that can access the light-emitting device based on knowledge of the (unique) code (via user interface input through an optical sensor, such as a QR code reader). The light-emitting device may also include means of communicating with other systems or devices, such as based on Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, BLE, or WiMax or other wireless technologies.

[0093] Therefore, in this embodiment, the control system can be controlled based on one or more of the following: input signals from the user interface, sensor signals (from sensors), and timers. The term "timer" can refer to a clock and / or a predetermined timing scheme.

[0094] In another aspect, the present invention provides a lamp comprising a light-generating device as defined herein. Thus, in embodiments, the light-generating device may be at least partially or even entirely enclosed by a casing. In particular, in embodiments, the lamp is a modified lamp.

[0095] This light-generating device can be part of or applied to systems such as office lighting systems, home application systems, shop lighting systems, residential lighting systems, accent lighting systems, spotlighting systems, theater lighting systems, fiber optic application systems, projection systems, self-illuminating display systems, pixelated display systems, segmented display systems, warning sign systems, medical lighting application systems, directional sign systems, decorative lighting systems, portable systems, automotive applications, (outdoor) road lighting systems, urban lighting systems, greenhouse lighting systems, and horticultural lighting. In particular, this light-generating device can be used in home or hotel applications. Attached Figure Description

[0096] Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein corresponding reference numerals denote corresponding parts, and wherein:

[0097] Figures 1a to 1h schematically depict the modified lamp without optical elements, and the associated intensity distribution.

[0098] This diagram may not be drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0099] Figure 1a schematically depicts an embodiment of a light generating device 1000 including an LED filament 100. The LED filament 100 includes a support 105, a group of 107 solid-state light sources 110, and an encapsulation 160. The LED filament 100 has a length axis 108 of a first length L1. The solid-state light sources 110 are arranged along the first length L1 of the LED filament 100 located on the support 105. The solid-state light sources 110 are configured to generate light source light 111. In an embodiment, the solid-state light sources 110 may be configured to generate blue light source light 111. The encapsulation 160 surrounds at least a portion of each of the group of 107 solid-state light sources 110. The encapsulation 160 includes a light-emitting material 200 configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light 111 into light-emitting material light 201. In an embodiment, the luminescent material 200 may be configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light 111 into luminescent material light 201, the wavelength of which is (i) green and / or red, and (ii) yellow and optionally red, particularly in combination with blue light source light 111. Therefore, the luminescent material may be configured to produce yellow and / or red light due to at least a portion of the conversion of blue light. The luminescent material may also be configured to produce green and / or red light due to at least a portion of the conversion of blue light. As mentioned above, the term "luminescent material" may also refer to a variety of different luminescent materials. In particular, the luminescent material may include the garnet luminescent material described above.

[0100] Specifically, the light generating device 1000 is configured to generate device light 1001, which includes one or more of light source light 111 and light-emitting material light 201. Reference numeral 115 refers to the light-emitting surface of the solid-state light source 110, such as an LED chip.

[0101] A solid-state light source 110 may be provided on a substrate or support 105. Furthermore, the solid-state light source 110 (and substrate 105) may be embedded in a light-transmitting material such as resin. The light-transmitting material surrounding the light source is indicated by reference numeral 145. Specifically, the light-transmitting material may include, for example, an embedded luminescent material 200. In particular, this light-transmitting material 145 may be a resin carrying the luminescent material 200, such as an inorganic luminescent material in an organic resin. The resin may be, for example, an acrylate, a silicone, or an epoxy resin. The combination of the light-transmitting material 145 and the luminescent material is referred to herein as an encapsulation 160.

[0102] This embodiment schematically depicts a cross-sectional view of the drawing plane, which also includes the length axis 108.

[0103] Figure 1b schematically depicts a perspective view of the same embodiment as schematically depicted in Figure 1a in Embodiment I.

[0104] However, Embodiment II of Figure 1b schematically depicts a perspective view of a bent filament. It should be noted that the length axis 108 is now also bent. It can be the body axis of the support 105. The length of this axis is determined along axis 108. When the filament 100 can be bent in the plane of the filament 100, the virtual plane can also be bent substantially the same as the arc of the filament 200. In other words, when the support is bent in the plane of the support, the length axis will also be bent, and similarly, the first virtual plane and the second virtual plane can also be bent. The length axis of Embodiment II in Figure 1b begins on the left side of the first surface, follows the bent body axis, and ends on the right side of the second surface.

[0105] Figure 1c (Examples I to VIII) shows an embodiment of this filament 100 schematically depicted in Figure 1a, but Figure 1c is a cross-sectional view, i.e., a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the drawing in Figure 1a (except for Examples VII and VIII).

[0106] In Embodiment I of Figure 1c, for each of the group of solid-state light sources 110, the encapsulation 160 is symmetrically arranged relative to the first virtual plane 171, which is parallel to the length axis 108 and intersects with the solid-state light source 110. It should be noted that the virtual plane 171 may be the drawing plane in Figure 1a.

[0107] For all other embodiments in Figure 1c (i.e., embodiments II to VIII), it is applicable to each of the solid-state light sources 110 in a group of solid-state light sources 110 that the encapsulation 160 is asymmetrically configured relative to the first virtual plane 171, which is parallel to the length axis 108 and intersects with the solid-state light source 110. Referring to embodiments III, IV, V, and VI, it is applicable to one or more, especially multiple, solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, at least 10, or even more particularly at least 15; for example, in the embodiment, representing 50% of the total number of solid-state light sources) 110 that the length axis 107 lies within the first virtual plane 171. Referring to Embodiments II, III, IV, V, and VII, VIII, for one or more, especially multiple, solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, at least 10, or even more particularly at least 15; for example, representing 50% of the total number of such solid-state light sources in the embodiment) 110, the encapsulation 160 is symmetrically configured with respect to a second virtual plane 172 configured parallel to the first virtual plane 171. Referring to Embodiment VI, for one or more, especially multiple, solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, at least 10, or even more particularly at least 15; for example, representing 50% of the total number of such solid-state light sources in the embodiment) 110, the encapsulation 160 does not have a second virtual plane 172 symmetrically configured with respect to it. Referring to Embodiment V, for one or more, especially multiple solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, at least 10, or even more particularly at least 15; for example, representing 50% of the total number of such solid-state light sources in this embodiment) 110, the encapsulation 160 partially covers the solid-state light source 110. Referring to Embodiments II, VII, and VIII, for one or more, especially multiple solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, at least 10, or even more particularly at least 15; for example, representing 50% of the total number of such solid-state light sources in this embodiment) 110, the length axis 107 is not within the first virtual plane 171. Referring to Embodiments VII and VIII, the encapsulation 160 may be configured on both sides of the support 105. Referring to Embodiment VII, the solid-state light source 110 may be configured on both sides of the support 105. Of course, this can also be applied to other embodiments, such as those schematically depicted under Embodiments II to VII.

[0108] Figure 1d schematically illustrates some light directions of device light 1001 at the top. For each direction, device light 1001 may have a color dot.

[0109] In an embodiment, not depicted in FIG. 1d, for one or more of the solid-state light sources, particularly for a plurality of solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, such as at least 10, and even more particularly at least 15; for example, in an embodiment, 50% of the total number of the set of solid-state light sources) 110, it is applicable that the device light 1001 emitted from the solid-state light source 110 in different directions in a third virtual plane 173 perpendicular to the first virtual plane and perpendicular to the support 105 has different color points, wherein the distribution of the color points is asymmetric with respect to the first virtual plane 171. It should be noted that the virtual plane 173 can actually be the drawing plane of FIG. 1c.

[0110] In the middle of FIG. 1d, an embodiment is schematically depicted, in which the light generating device 1000 is configured to generate white device light 1001, and for one or more of the solid-state light sources, particularly for a plurality of solid-state light sources (such as at least 5, such as at least 10, and even more particularly at least 15; for example, in an embodiment, 50% of the total number of the set of solid-state light sources) 110, it is applicable that the device light 1001 emitted from the solid-state light source 110 in different directions in a third virtual plane 173 perpendicular to the first virtual plane and perpendicular to the support 105 has different correlated color temperatures, wherein the distribution of the correlated color temperatures is asymmetric with respect to the first virtual plane 171. In an embodiment, the lower correlated color temperature TL is at most 2500K, wherein the higher correlated color temperature TH is at least 2300K, wherein TL < TH. For example, the difference between the higher correlated color temperature TH and the lower correlated color temperature TL is at least 300K.

[0111] Therefore, FIG. 1d actually schematically depicts an embodiment of the light generating device 1000, which includes one or more LED filaments 100, wherein the light generating device 1000 is configured to generate first device light 1011 in a first direction and second device light 1021 in a second direction (different from the first direction), wherein the first device light 1011 and the second device light 1021 have different correlated color temperatures.

[0112] Therefore, referring to Embodiment II to Embodiment VIII in FIG. 1c and referring to FIG. 1d, if at one or more light sources, the color points are measured along a circle around the corresponding light source (where the circle is perpendicular to the elongation axis), then the intensity (energy basis) average color point on one side of the circle will be different from the intensity (energy basis) average color point on the other side of the circle. For example, one or more of u' and v' may differ by at least 0.05, and even approximately at least 0.06.

[0113] The color difference can be based on the fact that when the path length of the light source light through the encapsulation is longer, there will be more conversions and fewer unconverted light, while when the path length of the light source light is shorter, there will be fewer conversions and more unconverted light. Therefore, in the case of an asymmetrical distribution, an asymmetrical distribution of the path length of the light source light is obtained, which is schematically depicted at the bottom of Figure 1d. In a specific embodiment, the (average) path length PL1 at one side (e.g., the left side) of the LED, measured from the center (of the light output surface), is different from the average path length PL2 at the other side (e.g., the right side) of the LED. Specifically, in an embodiment, PL1 > PL2, such as PL1 ≥ 11 * PL2. In a specific embodiment, PL1 ≥ 1.2 * PL2. For example, in an embodiment, PL1 < PL2 ≤ 2.5PL1.

[0114] Figure 1e schematically depicts an embodiment in which the filament 100 is shaped like a spiral. Also here, the light generating device 1000 is configured to generate a first device light 1011 in a first direction and a second device light 1021 in a second direction (different from the first direction), wherein the first device light 1011 and the second device light 1021 have different correlated color temperatures. Specifically, the first direction and the second direction are opposite to each other.

[0115] Figure 1f schematically depicts a spiral filament 100. Here, the light generating device 1000 includes a device axis A1, wherein a plurality of solid-state light sources 110 are arranged along the length of the device axis A1, wherein two or more of the solid-state light sources 110 are arranged at different distances d1 from the device axis A1, and wherein, applicable to two or more of the solid-state light sources 110, a second axis A2 parallel to the device axis A1 intersects only one of the solid-state light sources 110. Therefore, in this embodiment, the plurality of solid-state light sources 110 are configured in a spiral arrangement, wherein the filament distance d2 to the length axis A1 increases in the direction along the device axis A1.

[0116] Users seem to appreciate and desire a modified lamp with the appearance of an incandescent bulb. To achieve this, one can simply utilize the basic structure of producing glass-based incandescent bulbs and replace the filament with an LED that emits white light.

[0117] One of the concepts is based on LED filaments placed inside these bulbs. The appearance of these bulbs is very appealing, as they look highly decorative.

[0118] Figure 1g schematically depicts an embodiment of a lamp 1 including a light-generating device 1000 as defined herein. More specifically, the lamp includes a plurality of such light-generating devices. Here, in particular, lamp 1 is a modified lamp.

[0119] Lamp 1 includes, for example, (i) a base 14 and (ii) an external bulb 13. The external bulb and the base together may define a housing 113 surrounding a plurality of elongated filaments 100. Here, in the illustratively depicted embodiment, the elongated filaments 100 are straight, elongated elements 100. Light-generating device 10 has a device axis or (device) elongation axis 15. The device 10 is substantially rotationally symmetric about this axis 15 and / or includes one or more (in reality, a plurality of) planes of symmetry, each encompassing the device elongation axis 15. Reference numeral 16 indicates an optional pump rod.

[0120] Figure 1h schematically depicts an embodiment of the application of lamp 1. On a table, functional light with a high CCT can be provided. Therefore, this device light 1001 is represented as a second device light 1021. On a ceiling, warm white device light can be provided. Device light 1001 is represented by reference numeral 1011. Reference numeral 301 refers to an optional user interface, and reference numeral 300 refers to an optimal control system for controlling the light-generating device.

[0121] The term "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0122] In this document, the terms "substantially" or "generally," and similar terms, will be understood by those skilled in the art. The term "substantially" or "generally" may also include embodiments with words such as "completely," "entirely," "all," etc. Therefore, in embodiments, the adjectives "substantially" or "generally" may also be omitted. Where applicable, the term "substantially" or "generally" may also refer to 90% or higher, such as 95% or higher, especially 99% or higher, even more especially 99.5% or higher, including 100%.

[0123] The term "comprising" also includes embodiments that mean "consisting of".

[0124] The term “and / or” specifically refers to one or more of the items mentioned before or after “and / or”. For example, the phrase “item 1 and / or item 2” and similar phrases may refer to one or more of item 1 and item 2. The term “comprising” may mean “consisting of” in one embodiment, but may also mean “containing at least the defined type and one or more optional other types” in another embodiment.

[0125] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., used in the specification and claims are used to distinguish similar elements and are not necessarily used to describe a sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate, and the embodiments of the invention described herein can operate in orders other than those described or illustrated herein.

[0126] This document may describe devices, apparatus, or systems during operation. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the method of operation, or the devices, apparatus, or systems in operation.

[0127] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit it, and those skilled in the art will be able to devise many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

[0128] In the claims, any reference symbols placed in parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims.

[0129] The use of the verb "comprise" and its variations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those described in the claims. Unless the context explicitly requires otherwise, the word "comprise" should be understood throughout the specification and claims as inclusive rather than exclusive or exhaustive; that is, it should be understood as meaning "including but not limited to".

[0130] The article "one" or "a" preceding an element does not preclude the existence of multiple such elements.

[0131] This invention can be implemented by hardware comprising several different elements, and by a suitably programmed computer. Several means are listed in a device claim, apparatus claim, or system claim, and several of these means can be embodied by the same piece of hardware. The fact that certain measures are listed only in mutually different dependent claims does not mean that a combination of these measures cannot be used to exert advantages.

[0132] The present invention also provides a control system that can control an apparatus, device, or system, or perform the methods or processes described herein. Furthermore, the present invention also provides a computer program product that, when run on a computer functionally coupled to or comprising the apparatus, device, or system, controls one or more controllable elements of the apparatus, device, or system.

[0133] The present invention is further applicable to apparatuses, devices, or systems that include one or more of the characterizing features described in the specification and / or shown in the accompanying drawings. The present invention further relates to methods or processes that include one or more of the characterizing features described in the specification and / or shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0134] The aspects discussed in this patent can be combined to provide additional advantages. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments can be combined, and even two or more embodiments can be combined. Additionally, some of the features may form the basis of one or more divisional applications.

Claims

1. A light generating device (1000) comprising an LED filament (100), wherein the LED filament (100) comprises a support (105), a set (107) of solid-state light sources (110), and an encapsulant (160), wherein: The LED filament (100) has a length axis (108), and the length axis (108) has a first length (L1). The support member supports the 1D array of solid-state light sources on one side of the support member; The solid-state light source (110) is arranged on the first length (L1) of the LED filament (100) located on the support (105), wherein the solid-state light source (110) is configured to generate light source light (111). The encapsulation (160) surrounds at least a portion of each of the group (107) solid-state light sources (110), wherein the encapsulation (160) includes a light-emitting material (200) configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light (111) into light-emitting material light (201). The light generating device (1000) is configured to generate device light (1001), the device light including one or more of the following: (i) the light source light (111) and (ii) the light emitting material light (201); For each of the set (107) solid-state light sources (110), the encapsulation (160) is configured asymmetrically relative to the first virtual plane (171) that is parallel to the length axis (108) and intersects with the solid-state light source (110); The light generating device (1000) is configured to generate white device light (1001), and wherein, applicable to the plurality of solid-state light sources (110), the device light (1001) emitted from each solid-state light source (110) in different directions in a third virtual plane perpendicular to the first virtual plane (171) and perpendicular to the support (105) has a different correlated color temperature, wherein the distribution of the correlated color temperature is asymmetrical with respect to the first virtual plane (171); and Among them, the lower correlated color temperature T L The maximum is 2500 K, and the higher correlated color temperature T is among them. H At least 2300 K, where T L <T H And among them, the higher correlated color temperature T H With lower correlated color temperature T L The difference between them is at least 300 K.

2. The light generating device (1000) according to claim 1, wherein, for one or more of the solid-state light sources (110), the length axis (108) is located within the first virtual plane (171).

3. The light generating device (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, for the plurality of said solid light sources (110), the encapsulation (160) is configured to be symmetrical with respect to a second virtual plane (172) configured parallel to the first virtual plane (171).

4. The light generating device (1000) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein, for the plurality of said solid light sources (110), the encapsulation (160) does not have a second virtual plane (172) configured symmetrically with respect to it, the second virtual plane (172) being defined as being configured parallel to the first virtual plane (171).

5. The light generating device (1000) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein, for the plurality of said solid light sources (110), the encapsulation (160) partially covers said solid light source (110).

6. The light generating device (1000) according to claim 1, wherein, for the plurality of said solid light sources (110), the length axis (108) is not in the first virtual plane (171).

7. The light generating device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, applicable to a plurality of said solid light sources (110), device light (1001) emitted from said solid light sources (110) in different directions in a third virtual plane (173) perpendicular to the first virtual plane (171) and perpendicular to said support (105), wherein the distribution of said color points is asymmetrical with respect to the first virtual plane (171).

8. The light generating device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, for the plurality of said solid-state light sources, the first path length (PL1) of the light source at one side of each solid-state light source is different from the second path length (PL2) at the other side of each solid-state light source.

9. The light generating device (1000) according to claim 1, comprising one or more of the LED filaments (100), wherein the light generating device (1000) is configured to generate a first device light (1011) in a first direction and a second device light (1021) in a second direction, the second direction being different from the first direction, wherein the first device light (1011) and the second device light (1021) have different correlated color temperatures.

10. The light generating device (1000) according to claim 9, wherein the first direction and the second direction are opposite to each other.

11. The light generating device (1000) according to claim 1, wherein the LED filament (100) has a 3D spiral configuration or a coiled configuration.

12. The light generating device (1000) according to claim 11, wherein the light generating device includes a device axis (A1), wherein a plurality of the solid-state light sources (110) are arranged along the length of the device axis (A1), wherein two or more of the solid-state light sources (110) are arranged at different distances (d1) from the device axis (A1), and wherein, for the two or more solid-state light sources (110), a second axis (A2) parallel to the device axis (A1) intersects only one of the solid-state light sources (110).

13. The light generating device (1000) according to claim 12, wherein the plurality of solid-state light sources (110) are configured in a helical arrangement, wherein the filament distance (d2) to the device axis (A1) increases in the direction along the device axis (A1).

14. A lamp (1) comprising a light generating device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lamp (1) is a modified lamp.

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