Endarterectomy stripper

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of medical instruments, and specifically to an endarterectomy stripper. It comprises a fixed ring, a first arc-shaped fixed knife is fixed at the lower end of the fixed ring, an arc-shaped cutting assembly is arranged at the lower end of the fixed ring, the head end of the cutting assembly is in contact with the first fixed knife, the cutting assembly comprises a plurality of arc-shaped movable knives, a second fixed knife is fixed at the lower end of the fixed ring between two adjacent movable knives, the second fixed knife is staggered and in sliding contact with the movable knife on one side thereof, the first fixed knife is staggered and in sliding contact with the movable knife at the head end of the cutting assembly, and the two movable knives at the tail ends of the two cutting assemblies are staggered and in sliding contact. In the process of the movable knife moving, the movable knife can cut off the branch blockage connected to the main blockage, so that the main blockage and the branch blockage can be removed conveniently after the arterial intima is stripped, and the removal efficiency of the branch blockage and the main blockage can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical instruments, and in particular to an endarterectomy stripper. Background Art

[0002] The main causes of arterial stenosis and occlusive lesions are atheromatous plaques, organized thrombi, tumor thrombi, etc. formed in the arterial lumen. These blockages are fused with the arterial intima to form a whole and have a hard texture. If the blockage is calcified, it is as hard as a stone. They not only exist in the main blood vessels, but also enter its branch vessels to form a whole blockage, causing ischemia in the corresponding arterial supply area.

[0003] There are three existing solutions:

[0004] One is to perform a bypass transplantation operation, which is commonly known as a coronary artery bypass grafting surgery in clinical practice. The problem faced is that it is impossible to anastomose the occluded blood vessels, the diameter of the distal target blood vessel cannot be too thin, and there is also the problem of restenosis of the transplanted blood vessels.

[0005] The second is intracavitary technology, which uses rotational grinding + stent technology for occlusive lesions, but it is expensive and has poor long-term efficacy.

[0006] The third is endarterectomy, which completely removes the blockages in the trunk and branches. This is often very difficult in clinical practice because the blockages are closely attached to the adventitia of the artery, and the branch vessels are sometimes far away and have small lumens, making it difficult for instruments to reach them. If the blockages in the branch vessels cannot be cut off, the blockages in the trunk of the artery cannot be completely removed, and the problem of stenosis and occlusion of the trunk artery cannot be solved.

[0007] At present, endarterectomy is mostly used for treatment. Existing surgical instruments are nerve strippers and circular strippers. Existing circular strippers are composed of a fixed rod and a stripping ring at the end of the fixed rod. However, the stripping ring with a smooth surface cannot separate the branch blockage in the branch vessel from the main blockage in the main artery. This is the reason why the circular stripper cannot be pushed further when it reaches these branch vessels during the stripping process. Due to the large changes in the inner diameter of the main artery and the branch vessels, and the change in blood flow direction, vascular atherosclerosis or calcification is more likely to occur at the branch opening. Solving the problem of occlusion at the bifurcation solves most of the arterial occlusive lesions.

[0008] The existing technology is to use a nerve stripper or a ring stripper to forcibly pull off these branch vessel occlusions. The current problems are: first, sometimes these occlusions are very tough and difficult to pull off. If they are pulled forcefully, the main blockage will also be pulled off, resulting in the inability to remove the occlusion, or because of tight adhesions, rough pulling will cause damage to the arterial adventitia, causing postoperative bleeding or hematoma; second, after being pulled off, the floating intima sometimes forms a flap, which flips to the distal end under the impact of blood flow, aggravating the stenosis of the distal blood vessels, or even re-occlusion, leading to surgical failure.

[0009] Pulling out the blocked branch vessels at the bifurcation point and cutting them off, allowing the process to continue distally until the blocked material in the main vessel is completely removed, may be the key to solving this problem. Summary of the invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an endarterectomy stripper which can separate the branch blockage from the main blockage during the process of endarterectomy, thereby facilitating the cleaning of the main blockage and the branch blockage.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0012] An endarterectomy stripper comprises a fixed ring with an annular cavity arranged inside the fixed ring, characterized in that a first arc-shaped fixed knife is fixed at the lower end of the fixed ring, arc-shaped cutting components are arranged at positions on both sides of the first fixed knife at the lower end of the fixed ring, the head end of the cutting component is in contact with the first fixed knife, and the tail end of the cutting component is connected, the cutting component comprises a plurality of arc-shaped movable knives, a second fixed knife is fixed at the lower end of the fixed ring between two adjacent movable knives, the movable knife is staggered and in sliding contact with the second fixed knife on one side of it, the movable knife at the head end of the cutting component is staggered and in sliding contact with the first fixed knife, the two movable knives at the tail ends of the two cutting components are staggered and in sliding contact, the movable knife is slidably connected to the fixed ring, a driving mechanism is arranged on the fixed ring, the driving mechanism allows the movable knife to be driven to move in an arc on the fixed ring to approach or move away from the first fixed knife.

[0013] Specifically, a sliding groove corresponding to the movable knife is opened at the lower end of the fixed ring. The sliding groove is arc-shaped and concentric with the fixed ring. The movable knife passes through the sliding groove and is slidably connected to the fixed ring. A connecting column corresponding to the movable knife is slidably connected in the annular cavity of the fixed ring, and the connecting column is fixedly connected to the movable knife.

[0014] Specifically, the driving mechanism includes a first pull rope, which is located in the annular cavity of the fixed ring. Two adjacent connecting columns of the same cutting assembly are fixedly connected by the first pull rope. The connecting column connected to the movable knife at the tail end of the cutting assembly is connected to the inner wall of the annular cavity of the fixed ring by a spring. A fixed tube corresponding to the first fixed knife is fixed to the upper end of the fixed ring. The inner cavity of the fixed tube is connected to the annular cavity of the fixed ring. First finger rings are fixed on both sides of the upper end of the fixed tube. A second finger ring is slidably provided on the upper end of the fixed tube. The second finger ring allows movement along the axial direction of the fixed tube. A second pull rope is provided in the fixed tube. One end of the second pull rope is fixedly connected to the connecting column connected to the movable knives at the head ends of the two cutting assemblies, and the other end of the second pull rope is fixedly connected to the second finger ring.

[0015] Specifically, the first fixed knife and the second fixed knife have the same structure, and the first fixed knife, the second fixed knife and the movable knife are all arc-shaped.

[0016] Specifically, the first fixed knife and the second fixed knife have the same structure, the overall volume of the first fixed knife, the second fixed knife and the movable knife is arc-shaped, the volume of the first fixed knife and the second fixed knife is larger than that of the movable knife, and conical grooves are provided at both ends of the first fixed knife and the second fixed knife, which correspond to the end of the movable knife on one side.

[0017] Specifically, the included angle between the fixing tube and the fixing ring is 90 degrees.

[0018] Specifically, the included angle between the fixing tube and the fixing ring is 135 degrees.

[0019] Specifically, the second finger ring allows movement in the axial direction of the fixed tube.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention is provided with a movable knife that cooperates with a first fixed knife and a second fixed knife. During the process of stripping the arterial intima, the movable knife can move relative to the first fixed knife and the second fixed knife. During the movement of the movable knife, the movable knife can cut off the branch blockage connected to the main blockage, so that the main blockage and the branch blockage can be removed conveniently after the arterial intima is stripped, thereby improving the removal efficiency of the branch blockage and the main blockage.

[0022] 2. By setting conical grooves corresponding to the movable knife on the first fixed knife and the second fixed knife, when the branch blockage enters the conical groove, the movable knife can improve the shearing effect on the branch blockage during the movement relative to the first fixed knife and the second fixed knife, thereby preventing the branch blockage from being sticky and inconvenient to be cut. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the first fixed knife, the second fixed knife and the movable knife.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a bottom view of the matching structure of the first fixed knife, the second fixed knife and the movable knife.

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixing ring.

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection between the second pull rope and the first pull rope.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the second pull rope and the second finger ring.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first fixed knife and a second fixed knife with a conical groove.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the fixed tube and the fixed ring.

[0031] The names of the parts in the attached drawings are:

[0032] 1. Fixed ring; 2. First fixed knife; 2.1. Second fixed knife; 3. Movable knife; 4. Slide groove; 5. Connecting column; 6. First pull rope; 7. Spring; 8. Second finger ring; 9. Fixed tube; 10. Second pull rope; 11. Conical groove; 12. First finger ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the endarterectomy stripper comprises a fixing ring 1. An annular cavity is provided in the fixing ring 1, and a first arc-shaped fixing knife 2 is fixed at the lower end of the fixing ring 1. The lower end of the fixing ring 1 is provided with arc-shaped cutting components on both sides of the first fixing knife 2. In this embodiment, there are two cutting components. The head end of the cutting component contacts the first fixing knife 2. The tail ends of the two cutting components are connected.

[0035] The cutting assembly includes a plurality of arc-shaped movable knives 3. In the present embodiment, each cutting assembly includes two movable knives 3. A second fixed knife 2.1 is fixed to a position between two adjacent movable knives 3 at the lower end of the fixed ring 1. The movable knife 3 is staggered and in sliding contact with the second fixed knife 2.1 on one side thereof. The movable knife 3 at the head end of the cutting assembly is staggered and in sliding contact with the first fixed knife 2. The two movable knives 3 at the tail ends of the two cutting assemblies are staggered and in sliding contact. The movable knife 3 is slidably connected to the fixed ring 1. A driving mechanism is provided on the fixed ring 1, and the driving mechanism allows the movable knife 3 to be driven to move in an arc on the fixed ring 1 to approach or move away from the first fixed knife 2.

[0036] The first fixed blade 2 and the second fixed blade 2.1 have the same structure, and the first fixed blade 2, the second fixed blade 2.1 and the movable blade 3 are all arc-shaped. The blades of the first fixed blade 2, the second fixed blade 2.1 and the movable blade 3 should be oriented toward the lower end of the fixed ring 1 and inclined toward the axis of the fixed ring 1 to prevent the blades of the first fixed blade 2, the second fixed blade 2.1 and the movable blade 3 from causing damage to the inner wall of the artery.

[0037] The lower end of the fixed ring 1 is provided with a slide groove 4 corresponding to the movable knife 3, and the slide groove 4 is arc-shaped and concentric with the fixed ring 1. The movable knife 3 passes through the slide groove 4 and is slidably connected to the fixed ring 1. A connecting column 5 corresponding to the movable knife 3 is slidably connected in the annular cavity of the fixed ring 1. The connecting column 5 is fixedly connected to the movable knife 3.

[0038] The driving mechanism includes a first pull rope 6, and the first pull rope 6 is located in the annular cavity of the fixing ring 1. Two adjacent connecting columns 5 of the same cutting assembly are fixedly connected by the first pull rope 6, and the connecting column 5 connected to the movable knife 3 at the tail end of the cutting assembly is connected to the inner wall of the annular cavity of the fixing ring 1 through a spring 7.

[0039] A fixed tube 9 corresponding to the first fixed knife 2 is fixed at the upper end of the fixed ring 1, the inner cavity of the fixed tube 9 is connected to the annular cavity of the fixed ring 1, first finger rings 12 are fixed on both sides of the upper end of the fixed tube 9, and a second finger ring 8 is arranged at the upper end of the fixed tube 9. A second pull rope 10 is arranged in the fixed tube 9, one end of the second pull rope 10 is fixedly connected to the connecting column 5 connected to the movable knife 3 at the head end of the two cutting assemblies, and the other end of the second pull rope 10 is fixedly connected to the second finger ring 8.

[0040] By providing a movable knife 3 that cooperates with the first fixed knife 2 and the second fixed knife 2.1, the movable knife 3 can move relative to the first fixed knife 2 and the second fixed knife 2.1 during the process of stripping the arterial intima. During the movement of the movable knife 3, the movable knife 3 can cut off the branch blockage connected to the main blockage, making it convenient to remove the main blockage and the branch blockage after stripping the arterial intima, thereby improving the removal efficiency of the branch blockage and the main blockage.

[0041] When in use, the doctor inserts the index finger and the middle finger into the two first finger rings 12 respectively, inserts the thumb into the second finger ring 8, and then moves the stripper to allow the fixed ring 1 to enter the annular gap between the patient's blood vessels and the blockage. When the fixed ring 1 moves to the connection between the branch blockage and the main blockage, the doctor lifts the thumb upward, and the thumb pulls the second finger ring 8 upward, and the second finger ring 8 pulls the second drawstring 10 upward, and the second drawstring 10 pulls the connecting column and the first drawstring 6 to move. The second drawstring 10 pulls the connecting column 5 to approach the fixed tube 9 in the annular cavity of the fixed ring 1, and the spring 7 is stretched and stored. During the movement of the connecting column 5 toward the fixed tube 9, the movable knife 3 approaches the first fixed knife 2. During the movement of the movable knife 3, it cooperates with the first fixed knife 2 and the second fixed knife 2.1, so that the connection between the branch blockage and the main blockage can be cut. After releasing the thumb, under the elastic action of the spring 7, the second finger ring 8 moves downward, so that the movable knife 3 can move to the initial position.

[0042] When in use, the doctor inserts the index finger and the middle finger into the two first finger rings 12 respectively, and inserts the thumb into the second finger ring 8. The doctor pushes the fixing tube 9 to move the fixing ring 1 along the length direction of the artery, and can also cut off the connection between the branch blockage and the main blockage.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the first fixed blade 2 and the second fixed blade 2.1 have the same structure, the overall volume of the first fixed blade 2, the second fixed blade 2.1 and the movable blade 3 is arc-shaped, the volume of the first fixed blade 2 and the second fixed blade 2.1 is larger than the volume of the movable blade 3, and both ends of the first fixed blade 2 and the second fixed blade 2.1 are provided with a conical groove 11, which corresponds to the end of the movable blade 3 on one side. The other structures in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0045] By setting a conical groove 11 corresponding to the movable knife 3 on the first fixed knife 2 and the second fixed knife 2.1, when the branch blockage enters the conical groove 11, the movable knife 3 can improve the shearing effect on the branch blockage during the movement relative to the first fixed knife 2 and the second fixed knife 2.1, thereby preventing the branch blockage from being sticky and inconvenient to be cut.

[0046] Embodiment 3

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the angle between the fixing tube 9 and the fixing ring 1 is 90 degrees. The fixing tube 9 can be used to conveniently perform stripping of the arterial intima in the vertical direction. The other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0048] Embodiment 4

[0049] like Figure 8 As shown, the angle between the fixing tube 9 and the fixing ring 1 is 135 degrees. The fixing tube 9 can be used to conveniently perform stripping treatment on the arterial intima in an inclined direction. The other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0050] Embodiment 5

[0051] The second finger ring 8 is provided with a sliding tube, which is slidably arranged in the fixed tube 9. The second finger ring 8 is allowed to move along the axial direction of the fixed tube 9. The other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An endarterectomy stripper, comprising a fixing ring (1), wherein an annular cavity is arranged in the fixing ring (1), characterized in that: A first arc-shaped fixed knife (2) is fixed at the lower end of the fixed ring (1), and arc-shaped cutting components are arranged at positions on both sides of the first fixed knife (2) at the lower end of the fixed ring (1), the head end of the cutting component contacts the first fixed knife (2), and the tail end of the cutting component is connected, and the cutting component includes a plurality of arc-shaped movable knives (3), and a second fixed knife (2.1) is fixed at the lower end of the fixed ring (1) between two adjacent movable knives (3), and the movable knife (3) is staggered and in sliding contact with the second fixed knife (2.1) on one side thereof, and the movable knife (3) at the head end of the cutting component contacts the first fixed knife (2). The fixed knives (2) are staggered and in sliding contact, and the two movable knives (3) at the tail ends of the two cutting assemblies are staggered and in sliding contact. The movable knives (3) are slidably connected to the fixed ring (1). A driving mechanism is provided on the fixed ring (1). The driving mechanism allows the movable knives (3) to move in an arc shape on the fixed ring (1) to approach or move away from the first fixed knife (2); a sliding groove (4) corresponding to the movable knives (3) is provided at the lower end of the fixed ring (1), and the sliding groove (4) is arc-shaped and concentric with the fixed ring (1). The movable knife (3) passes through the sliding groove (4) and is slidably connected to the fixed ring (1). The fixed ring (1) A connecting column (5) corresponding to the movable knife (3) is slidably connected in the annular cavity of the fixing ring (1), and the connecting column (5) is fixedly connected to the movable knife (3); the driving mechanism comprises a first pull rope (6), the first pull rope (6) is located in the annular cavity of the fixing ring (1), two adjacent connecting columns (5) of the same cutting assembly are fixedly connected via the first pull rope (6), the connecting column (5) connected to the movable knife (3) at the rear end of the cutting assembly is connected to the inner wall of the annular cavity of the fixing ring (1) via a spring (7), and a connecting column (5) corresponding to the first fixed knife (2) is fixed at the upper end of the fixing ring (1). A fixed tube (9) is provided, the inner cavity of the fixed tube (9) is communicated with the annular cavity of the fixed ring (1), first finger rings (12) are fixed on both sides of the upper end of the fixed tube (9), a second finger ring (8) is provided at the upper end of the fixed tube (9), a second pull rope (10) is provided in the fixed tube (9), one end of the second pull rope (10) is fixedly connected to a connecting column (5) connected to the movable knives (3) at the first ends of the two cutting assemblies, and the other end of the second pull rope (10) is fixedly connected to the second finger ring (8); the first fixed knife (2), the second fixed knife (2.1) and the movable knife (3) are all arc-shaped.

2. The endarterectomy stripper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fixed blade (2) and the second fixed blade (2.1) have the same structure.

3. The endarterectomy stripper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fixed knife (2) and the second fixed knife (2.1) have the same structure; the overall volume of the first fixed knife (2), the second fixed knife (2.1) and the movable knife (3) is arc-shaped; the volume of the first fixed knife (2) and the second fixed knife (2.1) is greater than the volume of the movable knife (3); both ends of the first fixed knife (2) and the second fixed knife (2.1) are provided with a conical groove (11), and the conical groove (11) corresponds to the end of the movable knife (3) on one side thereof.

4. The endarterectomy stripper according to claim 1, characterized in that The included angle between the fixing tube (9) and the fixing ring (1) is 90 degrees.

5. The endarterectomy stripper according to claim 1, characterized in that The included angle between the fixing tube (9) and the fixing ring (1) is 135 degrees.

6. The endarterectomy stripper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second finger ring (8) allows movement in the axial direction of the fixed tube (9).

Images