Flat flame burner and top-feed gasifier

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of gasifiers, and discloses a flat flame burner and a top-feed gasifier, wherein the flat flame burner has a burner port (1) and comprises an inner ring pipeline (2), an outer ring pipeline (3) sleeved outside the inner ring pipeline (2), an inner ring deflection structure (5) arranged in the inner ring pipeline (2), and an outer ring deflection structure (4) arranged in the annular gap between the inner ring pipeline (2) and the outer ring pipeline (3), wherein the outer ring deflection structure (4) and the inner ring deflection structure (5) are configured to be able to axially spirally guide a first fluid in the annular gap and a second fluid in the inner ring pipeline (2) in opposite directions, so that the first fluid and the second fluid have opposite spiral flow directions when output through the burner port (1). The present invention solves the technical problems of the prior art that the industrial gasifier has a large design size and high production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gasifiers, in particular to a flat flame burner and a top-feed gasifier. Background Art

[0002] The burner's control over the flame in the reactor actually converts kinetic control into mass transfer control. Therefore, the core key point to be considered during the design of the device is how to improve the mass transfer and mixing efficiency of the burner. The higher turbulence intensity and "flat flame" flame structure at the burner outlet can significantly increase the effective mass transfer area and mass transfer efficiency per unit area of ​​the flame at the burner, shorten the mass transfer distance, and thus improve the gasification efficiency.

[0003] The existing burner structure settings include:

[0004] 1) The three-channel double-swirl flat flame burner adopts the same design for the swirl direction and swirl angle of its gas swirl blades and main air swirl blades. In addition to the double swirlers, the burner is equipped with a central air nozzle structure at the outlet of the central air duct to adjust the flame shape to form a flat flame structure when the heat load is low. This structural design allows the airflow passing through the burner to better adhere to the wall and burn, forming a stable flame disk, which improves the burner's adjustment ratio to a certain extent. However, the swirl blade structure is too close to the burner outlet and lacks a clear buffer cavity structure. As a result, under conditions with low loads, the flame is affected by the swirl and is difficult to form a stable structure. It needs to be stabilized by the central airflow. At the same time, because the gas swirl blades and the main air swirl blades adopt exactly the same design, the improvement in the material mixing efficiency at the burner outlet is limited.

[0005] 2) Double swirl single heat storage flat flame burner, the shell of which is provided with a connected air and smoke chamber and a combustion chamber, the upper part of the air and smoke chamber is connected to the air and smoke pipe, the bottom end of the air and smoke chamber is tangent to the circumference of the combustion chamber, and a gas inlet is provided on the shell at the bottom of the air and smoke chamber, the gas inlet is tangent to the circumference of the combustion chamber, and an ignition burner extending into the combustion chamber is provided on the shell.

[0006] The burner of the present invention achieves swirl flow in the burner cavity through a masonry structure inside the burner, eliminating commonly used accessories such as swirl plates and reducing burner manufacturing and maintenance costs. The double helix structure inside the burner allows air and gas to flow into the combustion chamber in a dual rotational manner, increasing the speed of the airflow in the combustion chamber while achieving better mixing of the air and gas, improving combustion efficiency, reducing the flame length in the furnace chamber, ensuring uniform heating within the furnace chamber, and reducing the design dimensions of the furnace body. However, because the air and smoke chambers and the combustion chambers are perpendicular to each other, with the air and smoke chambers oriented vertically and the combustion chambers oriented horizontally, when the fuel is a gas-solid mixture (pulverized coal and transport gas), large angles of deflection in the transport direction can cause momentum loss in the transport gas and significantly increase wear on the baffles and diverter structures. Furthermore, the design adopts a semi-fixed design, fixing the baffle structure to the combustion chamber shell. While reducing costs, it also loses some flexibility, making it impossible to adjust the swirl conditions for different operating conditions, resulting in low adaptability.

[0007] 3) Adjustable flat flame burner, which also adopts a dual swirl structure design. The burner part includes a main air duct, a damper, an inner air duct, an outer air duct, a gas pipe, a first swirl plate and a second swirl plate. The inner air duct is sleeved on the outside of the gas pipe, the outer air duct is sleeved on the outside of the inner air duct, and the outer air duct is clamped in the burner brick. The first swirl plate is installed between the inner air duct and the gas pipe, and the second swirl plate is installed between the outer air duct and the inner air duct. The inner and outer air ducts are connected to the main air duct through the damper;

[0008] This burner can control the air intake from the inner or outer air duct through a damper, thereby changing the shape of the flame. This makes the flat flame burner suitable for a variety of working environments, achieving energy-saving effects and reducing the cost of using flat flame burners. However, its design does not consider the influence of swirl direction on the flow mixing effect. The first and second swirl vanes are arranged in the same clockwise inclination, which has limited effect on the flow mixing at the burner outlet. In addition, while the coaxial three-channel design can adjust the flame shape according to the working conditions, under selected working conditions, the non-primary air inlet duct has a very limited effect on the entire burner, resulting in a certain degree of design redundancy.

[0009] The burner structure mentioned above has the technical problem of large design size of the industrial gasification furnace and high production cost due to its own structural setting. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the technical problems of the prior art in that the industrial gasification furnace has a large design size and high production cost. On the one hand, the present invention provides a flat flame burner;

[0011] The flat flame type burner has a burner port and includes an inner ring pipeline, an outer ring pipeline sleeved outside the inner ring pipeline, an inner ring deflection structure arranged in the inner ring pipeline, and an outer ring deflection structure arranged in the annular gap between the inner ring pipeline and the outer ring pipeline. The outer ring deflection structure and the inner ring deflection structure are configured to be able to perform axial spiral guidance on the first fluid in the annular gap and the second fluid in the inner ring pipeline in opposite directions, so that the first fluid and the second fluid have opposite spiral flow directions when output through the burner port.

[0012] The flat flame burner provided by the present invention is provided with an inner ring pipeline and an outer ring pipeline, and an outer ring deflection structure is provided in the annular gap between the inner ring pipeline and the outer ring pipeline, and an inner ring deflection structure is provided in the inner ring pipeline, and the outer ring deflection structure and the inner ring deflection structure are configured to be able to perform axial spiral diversion on the first fluid in the annular gap and the second fluid in the inner ring pipeline in opposite directions, so that the first fluid and the second fluid have opposite spiral flow directions when output through the burner port, thereby achieving a stable vortex shedding effect at the burner port by controlling the swirl direction of the inner and outer ring fluids, greatly improving the turbulence intensity at the burner port, thereby enhancing the mixing speed and reaction efficiency between the materials, ensuring that the first fluid (such as coal powder) and the second fluid (such as oxygen) can be burned out and complete the gasification reaction within a shorter residence time, and can effectively reduce the design size of the gasifier. This solves the technical problem of the existing technology that the industrial gasifier design size is large and the production cost is high.

[0013] Preferably, a support structure extending along the central axis is provided in the inner ring pipeline, and the inner ring deflection structure is connected to the inner side wall of the inner ring pipeline and the support structure.

[0014] Preferably, the outer ring deflection structure includes a plurality of outer ring ribs, and the outer ring ribs divide the annular gap into a plurality of outer ring channels arranged in an axial spiral.

[0015] Preferably, the inner ring deflection structure includes inner ring ribs, and the inner ring ribs divide the inner ring pipeline into a plurality of inner ring channels arranged in an axial spiral.

[0016] Preferably, the angle between the outer ring rib and the axial direction of the outer ring pipeline is 30° to 60°; and / or the angle between the inner ring rib and the axial direction of the inner ring pipeline is 15° to 45°.

[0017] Preferably, portions of the inner ring pipeline and the outer ring pipeline close to the burner port are respectively provided with buffer cavities, and the buffer cavities include an inner ring buffer cavity provided in the inner ring pipeline and an outer ring buffer cavity provided in the annular gap.

[0018] Preferably, the height of the inner ring buffer cavity is 0.3 to 0.5 times the diameter of the inner ring buffer cavity, and the part of the outer ring buffer cavity close to the burner port is set as an inward-inclined necking, and the axial length of the necking is 0.3 to 0.5 times the maximum diameter of the outer ring buffer cavity.

[0019] Preferably, the inward inclination angle of the necking is 5° to 30°.

[0020] Preferably, the flat flame burner includes a burner cooling clamp arranged between the inner ring pipeline and the outer ring pipeline.

[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides a top-feed gasifier;

[0022] The top-feed gasifier comprises a gasifier body and a flat-flame burner arranged on the top of the gasifier body. The flat-flame burner is any one of the flat-flame burners described above.

[0023] The burner structure of the top-fed gasifier is simple and highly adaptable. It can realize single-unit or multi-unit feed burner arrangement according to actual working conditions. The swirl angle of each burner unit is optimized according to the arrangement position of the burner on the gasifier, thereby reducing the overall design volume of the gasifier, thereby solving the technical problems of the existing technology of large design size and high production cost of industrial gasifiers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the flat flame burner of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the inner ring pipeline structure;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the outer ring structure;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of part of the structure;

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure in practical application.

[0030] Description of Reference Numerals

[0031] 1. Burner port; 2. Inner ring pipeline; 201. Inner ring channel; 3. Outer ring pipeline; 301. Outer ring channel; 4. Outer ring baffle structure; 401. Outer ring fins; 5. Inner ring baffle structure; 501. Inner ring fins; 6. Support structure; 7. Buffer chamber; 701. Inner ring buffer chamber; 702. Outer ring buffer chamber; 703. Narrowing; 8. Burner cooling clamp; 9. Gasifier body; 10. Flat flame burner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate for the embodiments of the present invention described herein. In addition, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0034] In the present invention, terms such as "upper," "middle," and "top" indicate positions or locations based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended to better describe the present invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the devices, elements, or components indicated to specific positions, or to their construction or operation in a specific orientation.

[0035] Furthermore, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings besides indicating a position or location. For example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate a dependency or connection in certain circumstances. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] Additionally, the term "plurality" shall mean two or more.

[0037] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a flat flame burner, which has a burner port 1 and includes an inner ring pipeline 2, an outer ring pipeline 3 sleeved outside the inner ring pipeline 2, an inner ring deflection structure 5 arranged in the inner ring pipeline 2, and an outer ring deflection structure 4 arranged in the annular gap between the inner ring pipeline 2 and the outer ring pipeline 3. The outer ring deflection structure 4 and the inner ring deflection structure 5 are configured to be able to axially rotate and guide the first fluid in the annular gap and the second fluid in the inner ring pipeline 2 in opposite directions to each other, so that the first fluid and the second fluid have opposite spiral flow directions when output through the burner port 1.

[0039] The flat flame burner provided by the present invention is provided with an inner ring pipeline and an outer ring pipeline, and an outer ring deflection structure is provided in the annular gap between the inner ring pipeline and the outer ring pipeline, and an inner ring deflection structure is provided in the inner ring pipeline, and the outer ring deflection structure and the inner ring deflection structure are configured to be able to perform axial spiral diversion on the first fluid in the annular gap and the second fluid in the inner ring pipeline in opposite directions, so that the first fluid and the second fluid have opposite spiral flow directions when output through the burner port, thereby achieving a stable vortex shedding effect at the burner port by controlling the swirl direction of the inner and outer ring fluids, greatly improving the turbulence intensity at the burner port, thereby enhancing the mixing speed and reaction efficiency between the materials, ensuring that the first fluid (such as coal powder) and the second fluid (such as oxygen) can be burned out and complete the gasification reaction within a shorter residence time, and can effectively reduce the design size of the gasifier. This solves the technical problem of the existing technology that the industrial gasifier design size is large and the production cost is high.

[0040] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a support structure 6 extending along the central axis is provided within the inner annular conduit 2. The inner annular baffle structure 5 is connected to the inner sidewall of the inner annular conduit 2 and the support structure 6. The provision of the support structure 6 improves the structural stability of the positional relationship between the inner annular conduit 2 and the inner annular baffle structure 5. The provision of the support structure 6 also effectively improves the rigidity and stability of the overall flat-flame burner structure.

[0041] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the outer ring deflection structure 4 includes a plurality of outer ring ribs 401 , which divide the annular gap into a plurality of outer ring channels 301 arranged in an axial spiral.

[0042] In a further optional embodiment of the present invention, the inner ring baffle structure 5 includes inner ring ribs 501, which divide the inner ring pipeline 2 into a plurality of inner ring channels 201 arranged axially and spirally. In a further optional embodiment of the present invention, the angle between the outer ring ribs 401 and the axial direction of the outer ring pipeline 3 is 30° to 60°, and / or the angle between the inner ring ribs 501 and the axial direction of the inner ring pipeline 2 is 15° to 45°.

[0043] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a buffer chamber 7 is provided in the inner ring pipeline 2 and the outer ring pipeline 3 near the burner port 1. The buffer chamber 7 includes an inner ring buffer chamber 701 provided in the inner ring pipeline 2 and an outer ring buffer chamber 702 provided in the annular gap. Figure 4 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the inner ring buffer chamber 701 is a vertically arranged cavity structure, and the outer ring buffer chamber 702 includes a vertically arranged cavity structure and a conical cavity structure converging toward the axial direction. The vertical cavity structure of the outer ring buffer chamber 702 can spirally mix the first fluid entering the outer ring buffer chamber 702 from different outer ring channels 301, and the conical cavity structure can converge the first fluid after the spiral mixing, so as to facilitate subsequent mixing with the second fluid flowing out of the inner ring buffer chamber. In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the portion of the outer ring buffer cavity 702 near the burner port 1 is configured as an inwardly inclined constriction 703, the axial length of the constriction 703 being 0.3 to 0.5 times the maximum diameter of the outer ring buffer cavity 702, and the height of the inner ring buffer cavity 701 being 0.3 to 0.5 times the diameter of the inner ring buffer cavity 701. The above-mentioned dimensioning can effectively avoid the formation of dispersion of the swirl of the first fluid and the second fluid, thereby allowing the first fluid and the second fluid to merge near the burner port and undergo an ignition reaction to produce a flat flame, thereby shortening the flame length.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inward inclination angle of the necking 703 is 5° to 30°.

[0045] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the flat flame burner includes a burner cooling clamp 8 arranged between the inner ring pipeline 2 and the outer ring pipeline 3. The burner cooling clamp 8 is used to cool the burner and exchange heat. The heat exchange medium can be water but is not limited to water.

[0046] The present invention provides a top-feed gasifier, such as Figure 6 As shown, the top-fed gasifier includes a gasifier body 9 and a flat-flame burner 10 disposed on top of the gasifier body 9. The flat-flame burner 10 is any of the flat-flame burners described above. In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the top-fed gasifier includes multiple flat-flame burners 10.

[0047] The burner structure of the top-fed gasifier is simple and highly adaptable. It can realize single-unit or multi-unit feed burner arrangement according to actual working conditions. The swirl angle of each burner unit is optimized according to the arrangement position of the burner on the gasifier, thereby reducing the overall design volume of the gasifier, thereby solving the technical problems of the existing technology of large design size and high production cost of industrial gasifiers.

[0048] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first fluid is pulverized coal, the second fluid is oxygen, and six outer ring ribs 401 are evenly distributed in the annular gap between the inner ring pipeline 2 and the outer ring pipeline 3. The outer ring ribs 401 are set at a certain counterclockwise angle to the axial direction (angle range: 15° to 45°); four inner ring ribs 501 and one supporting structure 6 are evenly distributed in the inner ring pipeline 2. The inner ring ribs 501 are set at a certain clockwise angle to the axial direction (angle range: 30° to 60°). Compared with the outer ring ribs 401, the deflection angle of the inner ring ribs 501 is larger, which is more conducive to cutting and mixing the pulverized coal vortex flowing out of the outer ring channel 301 through the oxygen vortex flowing out of the inner ring channel 201.

[0049] In this embodiment, the width of the pulverized coal outlet annular system (inner annular pipe 2) is preferably 5mm-20mm, the width of the oxygen outlet annular gap (outer annular pipe 3) is 30mm-50mm, the velocity of the pulverized coal at the outlet is preferably 7-15m / s, and the outlet jet velocity of the oxygen is 70-150m / s. The high-speed pulverized coal and oxygen undergo a violent combustion and gasification reaction at a distance from the burner port 1. Compared with the candle-shaped flame of a single-burner gasifier, the flat flame burner has a larger particle dispersion angle, a shorter flame length, a more uniform temperature distribution near the burner, and a lower temperature peak, which helps to increase the life of the burner. At the same time, the mixing of oxygen and pulverized coal is faster and more uniform, which leads to an increase in the reaction rate and thus achieves the purpose of completing the gasification reaction in a shorter residence time. A shorter residence time means a smaller gasifier volume. Therefore, the flat flame burner can reduce the volume of the gasifier and reduce the cost of the single equipment.

[0050] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flat flame burner, characterized in that: The flat flame type burner has a burner port (1) and includes an inner ring pipeline (2), an outer ring pipeline (3) sleeved outside the inner ring pipeline (2), an inner ring deflection structure (5) arranged in the inner ring pipeline (2), and an outer ring deflection structure (4) arranged in the annular gap between the inner ring pipeline (2) and the outer ring pipeline (3), wherein the outer ring deflection structure (4) and the inner ring deflection structure (5) are configured to be able to axially spirally guide a first fluid in the annular gap and a second fluid in the inner ring pipeline (2) in opposite directions, so that the first fluid and the second fluid have opposite spiral flow directions when output through the burner port (1); The inner ring pipeline (2) and the outer ring pipeline (3) are respectively provided with a buffer cavity (7) at the portion close to the burner port (1), and the buffer cavity (7) comprises an inner ring buffer cavity (701) provided in the inner ring pipeline (2) and an outer ring buffer cavity (702) provided in the annular gap; The height of the inner ring buffer cavity (701) is 0.3 to 0.5 times the diameter of the inner ring buffer cavity (701); a portion of the outer ring buffer cavity (702) close to the burner port (1) is configured as an inwardly inclined constriction (703); and an axial length of the constriction (703) is 0.3 to 0.5 times the maximum diameter of the outer ring buffer cavity (702); The inwardly inclined angle of the necking (703) is 5° to 30°.

2. The flat flame burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support structure (6) extending along the central axis is provided in the inner ring pipeline (2), and the inner ring deflection structure (5) is connected to the inner side wall of the inner ring pipeline (2) and the support structure (6).

3. The flat flame burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring deflection structure (4) comprises a plurality of outer ring ribs (401), and the outer ring ribs (401) divide the annular gap into a plurality of outer ring channels (301) arranged in an axial spiral.

4. The flat flame burner according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner ring baffle structure (5) comprises inner ring ribs (501), and the inner ring ribs (501) divide the inner ring pipeline (2) into a plurality of inner ring channels (201) arranged in an axial spiral.

5. The flat flame burner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The included angle between the outer ring rib (401) and the axial direction of the outer ring pipeline (3) is 30° to 60°; and / or the included angle between the inner ring rib (501) and the axial direction of the inner ring pipeline (2) is 15° to 45°.

6. The flat flame burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flat flame burner comprises a burner cooling clamp (8) arranged between the inner ring pipeline (2) and the outer ring pipeline (3).

7. A top-feed gasifier, characterized in that: The top-feed gasifier comprises a gasifier body (9) and a flat-flame burner (10) arranged on the top of the gasifier body (9), and the flat-flame burner (10) is the flat-flame burner according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images