An environmental simulation control box applied to a three-dimensional underground displacement measurement system

Abstract

The present invention discloses an environmental simulation control box applied to a three-dimensional underground displacement measurement system. It includes a heat-insulating and airtight box body, a simulation adjustment mechanism, two sensing units, a refrigeration module, and a heating module. The heat-insulating and airtight box body is used as a geotechnical environment simulation control box. The refrigeration module and the heating module are respectively installed on the symmetric two side surfaces of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The simulation adjustment mechanism is installed on the inner side wall of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. Iron ore sand, copper ore sand and other soils and water are placed inside the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The first sensing unit to be measured and the second sensing unit to be measured are both buried in the soil. One of the first sensing unit to be measured and the second sensing unit to be measured is connected to the simulation adjustment mechanism and driven by the simulation adjustment mechanism to move relative to the other. The present invention can obtain measurement data under different environmental states and achieve accurate measurement results by simulating the environmental parameters, displacement state and tilt state around the sensor in a normal temperature air environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to an underground simulation control device in the field of geological and geotechnical engineering monitoring, and particularly relates to a geotechnical environment simulation device for an underground displacement measurement system. Background Art

[0002] According to the statistics of the Ministry of Natural Resources, among the geological disasters occurring every year, the proportion of landslide disasters is relatively large. Landslide displacement monitoring has been proven to be the most cost-saving measure. Currently, there are inclinometers, TDR, fiber optic sensing technology, and array displacement gauges that can measure the deformation of underground rock and soil masses in a single direction, as well as an underground displacement three-dimensional measurement remote monitoring system that can achieve three-dimensional monitoring of underground displacement.

[0003] The underground displacement three-dimensional measurement sensing system based on double mutual inductance can achieve three-dimensional deformation measurement of deep rock and soil masses. The measurement system adopts a sensing unit array structure design. Any two adjacent sensing units form a group of measurement units. The lower sensing unit is called the excitation end, and the upper one is called the measurement end. The sensing unit internally includes two coils, namely an air-core coil and a magnetic-core coil. According to the electromagnetic mutual inductance principle, when the air-core coil at the excitation end is energized, an induced voltage is generated in the air-core coil at the measurement end, which is called the type I mutual inductance voltage. After controlling the analog switch to switch the coil at the measurement end, an induced voltage is generated in the magnetic-core coil at the measurement end, which is called the type II mutual inductance voltage. As the rock and soil mass deforms, relative displacement and inclination occur between adjacent sensing units, and the double mutual inductance voltage of the sensing unit will change. Through the displacement measurement model, the relative displacement, axial angle, and azimuth angle between two adjacent sensing units can be obtained. When calibrating the sensing unit data in the experimental test environment, the difference from the actual rock and soil environment in which it is buried is not fully considered. Therefore, there will be a difference in the sensor measurement results in the two measurement environments.

[0004] According to the working principle of the sensor, soil humidity, temperature, the content of ferromagnetic substances, and the content of non-ferromagnetic substances in the rock and soil will all affect the measurement of the mutual inductance voltage of the sensing unit, thereby affecting the calculation of the displacement and angle of the sensing unit. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above background art, the object of the present invention is to consider the influence of environmental factors on the measurement of the underground displacement three-dimensional measurement sensor, and propose a geotechnical environment simulation control device for the underground displacement three-dimensional measurement sensor that can simulate different geological environments, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the above background art, reduce the influence of environmental factors on the measurement of the sensing unit and perform reasonable compensation, improve the accuracy of the underground three-dimensional displacement measurement sensing system, and increase the authenticity of the measurement data.

[0006] To achieve the object of the present invention, the following technical solutions are proposed:

[0007] The present invention includes a heat-insulating and airtight box body, a simulation adjustment mechanism installed inside the heat-insulating and airtight box body, a first sensing unit to be measured, a second sensing unit to be measured, and a refrigeration module and a heating module installed on the side wall of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The heat-insulating and airtight box body is used as a geotechnical environment simulation control box. The refrigeration module and the heating module are respectively installed on two symmetrical side faces of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The simulation adjustment mechanism is installed on the inner side wall of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The heat-insulating and airtight box body contains soil such as iron ore sand and copper ore sand and water. The first sensing unit to be measured and the second sensing unit to be measured are both buried in the soil. One of the first sensing unit to be measured and the second sensing unit to be measured is connected to the simulation adjustment mechanism and driven by the simulation adjustment mechanism to move relative to the other one.

[0008] The heat-insulating and airtight box body includes a box cover and a box body. The box cover is installed on the open top of the box body. An opening for filling soil during experiments is provided on the side of the box body. A baffle is installed at the side opening of the box body. A water outlet is provided at the bottom of the box body. The water outlet is connected to a water supply and drainage pipe, and a water pipe valve is provided on the water supply and drainage pipe.

[0009] The refrigeration module includes a first metal heat sink, a cooling fan, a semiconductor refrigeration sheet, heat-insulating sponge, a metal cold-conducting sheet, and a cold-conducting fan. The first metal heat sink is installed on the side wall of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The cooling fan is installed and arranged on the side of the first metal heat sink away from the inside of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The semiconductor refrigeration sheet is connected and installed on the side of the first metal heat sink close to the inside of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. Heat-insulating sponge is arranged around the semiconductor refrigeration sheet. The semiconductor refrigeration sheet is connected through the metal cold-conducting sheet and the cold-conducting fan, and the cold-conducting fan faces the inside of the heat-insulating and airtight box body.

[0010] In the refrigeration module, a heat-conducting material is also used between the semiconductor refrigeration sheet and the first metal heat sink to ensure heat-conducting performance. The semiconductor refrigeration sheet is embedded in the middle of the heat-insulating sponge to reduce heat loss at the junction of the cold end and the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet and improve refrigeration efficiency.

[0011] When the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is powered on and working, the heat generated at the heating end is dissipated by the fan at the first aluminum alloy heat sink, and the generated heat is dissipated in time to avoid burning out the semiconductor refrigeration sheet.

[0012] The heating module includes a heat-conducting fan, a silica gel heating sheet, a silica gel heat-insulating gasket, and a second metal heat sink. The second metal heat sink is attached and installed on the side wall of the heat-insulating and airtight box body through the silica gel heat-insulating gasket. The second metal heat sink is attached and installed on the side wall of the heat-insulating and airtight box body through the silica gel heat-insulating gasket on the side away from the inside of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The silica gel heating sheet is sandwiched between the second metal heat sink and the silica gel heat-insulating gasket. The heat-conducting fan is fixed at the heat-radiating fin end of the second metal heat sink, and the heat-conducting fan faces the inside of the heat-insulating and airtight box body.

[0013] After the second metal heat sink, the silicone heating sheet, and the silicone heat insulation gasket are closely attached, they are fixed on the side wall of the box body.

[0014] The heat conduction fan blows inward. When simulating the influence of high temperature on the displacement measurement of the sensor unit to be measured, the heat generated by the heating module changes the temperature inside the box through the second metal heat sink and the heat conduction fan.

[0015] For the heating module described above, a silicone board is used for heat insulation between the silicone heating sheet and the side of the box body, which can avoid damage to the box body material caused by excessive temperature during operation. On the other side of the silicone heating sheet, a second metal heat sink and a fan are used to promote heat circulation, which can promote the even distribution of temperature inside the box.

[0016] The simulation adjustment mechanism includes a metal cross beam, a horizontal stepping motor, a horizontal screw rod sliding table guide rail, a horizontal moving slider, a vertical stepping motor, a vertical screw rod sliding table guide rail, a vertical moving slider, a sensor fixing arm, a clamping lock, a worm and gear reducer, and a hand wheel;

[0017] The metal cross beam is horizontally arranged across the middle inside the heat preservation and airtight box body, and the metal cross beam is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the heat preservation and airtight box body through metal angle codes;

[0018] A horizontal stepping motor and a horizontal screw rod sliding table guide rail are installed above the metal cross beam. The output shaft of the horizontal stepping motor is synchronously connected to the screw end of the horizontal screw rod sliding table guide rail. A horizontal moving slider is slidably installed on the guide rail of the horizontal screw rod sliding table guide rail. At the same time, the horizontal moving slider is threadedly sleeved on the screw of the horizontal screw rod sliding table guide rail;

[0019] A vertical stepping motor and a vertical screw rod sliding table guide rail are installed on the side of the horizontal moving slider. The output shaft of the vertical stepping motor is synchronously connected to the screw end of the vertical screw rod sliding table guide rail. A vertical moving slider is slidably installed on the guide rail of the vertical screw rod sliding table guide rail. At the same time, the vertical moving slider is threadedly sleeved on the screw of the vertical screw rod sliding table guide rail;

[0020] A worm and gear reducer and a hand wheel are installed on the vertical moving slider. The hand wheel is synchronously connected to the input end of the worm and gear reducer. The upper end of the sensor fixing arm is hinged to the output end of the worm and gear reducer. A clamping lock is installed at the lower end of the sensor fixing arm. The lower end of the clamping lock is fixedly provided with a first sensor unit to be measured, and a second sensor unit to be measured is arranged below the first sensor unit to be measured. The second sensor unit to be measured is fixed on the bottom surface of the heat preservation and airtight box body.

[0021] The described analog adjustment mechanism is divided into a control sensing unit displacement mechanism and a control sensing unit rotation mechanism. The control sensing unit displacement mechanism consists of a lead screw slide rail, a moving slide, a stepping motor, a U-shaped fixing bracket, and a proximity switch sensor. The sensing unit tilt angle adjustment mechanism consists of a worm and worm gear reducer, a handwheel, a sensor fixing arm, a clamping lock, and fixing screws.

[0022] When calibrating data for existing three-dimensional underground displacement sensors, the sensors are usually installed on a three-axis displacement table in an open air environment. However, in this case, the relationship model between the mutual inductance voltages of types I and II and displacement obtained from the experimental calibration data is inconsistent with the data measured when the sensors are installed in the field soil. There is a problem that the measurement is inaccurate when the sensors work in the actual geotechnical environment. When the sensors are installed in the actual geotechnical body, the probability of landslides in the geotechnical body is relatively small, resulting in it being difficult for the sensors to obtain measurement data on underground displacement in the actual geotechnical environment.

[0023] The device adopted in the present invention can simulate the soil environment in which the three-dimensional underground displacement sensor is installed in the actual geotechnical body, and can realize the relative attitude change between two adjacent sensors when the geotechnical body undergoes underground displacement, solving the technical problem that the prior art cannot accurately simulate and calibrate the three-dimensional underground displacement measurement system.

[0024] The beneficial effects and characteristics of the present invention are:

[0025] The present invention can obtain measurement data under different environmental conditions and achieve accurate measurement results by simulating the environmental parameters, displacement state, and tilt state around the sensor in a normal temperature air environment.

[0026] The three-dimensional underground displacement sensor usually calibrates data in a normal temperature air environment, and the fitting of the mutual inductance voltage data curve and the solution of displacement and angle are completed based on the data measured in the above experimental environment.

[0027] In the actual slopes and tailing dams, there are differences in soil moisture content, temperature, ferromagnetic substance content, and non-ferromagnetic substance content at different depths of the geotechnical body. The above environmental factors will affect the measurement accuracy of the sensing unit. The present invention can obtain accurate measurement data under different environmental conditions by simulating the environmental parameters, displacement state, and tilt state around the sensor, providing data support for exploring the influence of the geotechnical environment on the three-dimensional underground measurement sensing system, and playing an important role in the application of the three-dimensional underground displacement measurement system. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional rear view schematic diagram of the box body of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the refrigeration module of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the displacement sliding table structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the heating module of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the system parameter control composition of the present invention.

[0034] Wherein:

[0035] 101 - box cover, 102 - baffle, 103 - box body, 104 - water pipe valve, 105 - water supply and drainage pipe, 106, 109 - fixing screws, 107, 108 - metal hinges;

[0036] 201 - first metal heat sink, 202, 203 - cooling fans, 204, 205 - heat insulation sponges, 206, 207 - semiconductor refrigeration chips, 208, 209 - metal cold conduction plates, 210, 211 - cold conduction fans;

[0037] 301 - vertical stepper motor, 302 - horizontal stepper motor, 303, 308, 309, 310 - proximity switch sensors, 304 - horizontal lead screw sliding table guide rail, 307 - vertical lead screw sliding table guide rail, 305 - horizontal moving slider, 306 - vertical moving slider, 311 - U-shaped fixing bracket, 312 - sensor fixing arm, 313 - clamping lock, 314 - worm and gear reducer, 315 - fixing screws, 316 - first sensing unit to be measured, 317 - second sensing unit to be measured, 318 - metal angle code, 319 - metal cross beam, 320 - handwheel;

[0038] 401, 402 - heat conduction fans, 403 - silicone heating sheet, 404 - silicone heat insulation gasket, 405 - second metal heat sink. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the device includes a heat-insulating and airtight box body, a simulation adjustment mechanism installed inside the heat-insulating and airtight box body, a first sensing unit 316 to be measured, a second sensing unit 317 to be measured, and at least one refrigeration module and heating module installed on the side wall of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. Using the heat-insulating and airtight box body as a geotechnical environment simulation control box, the refrigeration module and the heating module are respectively installed on two symmetrical side faces of the heat-insulating and airtight box body, and the simulation adjustment mechanism is installed on the side wall inside the heat-insulating and airtight box body.

[0042] The heat-insulating and airtight box body contains soil such as iron ore sand and copper ore sand and water. Both the first sensing unit 316 to be measured and the second sensing unit 317 to be measured are buried in the soil. One of the first sensing unit 316 to be measured and the second sensing unit 317 to be measured is connected to the simulation adjustment mechanism and driven by the simulation adjustment mechanism to move relative to the other, thereby jointly realizing the simulation of the three-dimensional measurement environment of underground displacement.

[0043] In specific implementation, iron ore sand and copper ore sand soils with different proportions and water contents are configured and added to the heat-insulating and airtight box body to simulate the three-dimensional measurement environment of underground displacement.

[0044] The refrigeration module and the heating module constitute a temperature control mechanism. The temperature control mechanism consists of a semiconductor refrigeration sheet, a silica gel heating sheet, a first metal heat sink, a second metal heat sink, a metal cold conduction sheet, a cooling fan, heat-insulating sponge and heat-insulating silica gel gaskets. After the semiconductor refrigeration sheet and the heat sink, and the silica gel heating sheet and the heat sink are connected by screws, they are fixed on the side face of the heat-insulating and airtight box body.

[0045] The heat-insulating and airtight box body is composed of a double-layer heat-insulating board, polyurethane foam, metal hinges and screws.

[0046] As Figure 2 shown, the heat-insulating and airtight box body includes a box cover 101 and a box body 103. The box cover 101 is installed on the upper opening of the box body 103. There is an opening on the side face of the box body 103 for filling soil during experiments. A baffle 102 is installed at the side opening of the box body 103. There is a water outlet at the bottom of the box body 103, and the water outlet is connected to a water supply and drainage pipe 105. A water pipe valve 104 is arranged on the water supply and drainage pipe 105.

[0047] Specifically, the box cover 101 is hinged to the upper opening of the box body 103 through a metal hinge 107, and the metal hinge 107 is fixedly connected to the box cover 101 and the box body 103 respectively through fixing screws 106. The baffle 102 is hinged to the upper opening of the box body 103 through a metal hinge 108, and the metal hinge 108 is fixedly connected to the baffle 102 and the box body 103 respectively through fixing screws 109.

[0048] The lid 101 and the box body 103 are mainly made of double-layer heat insulation plates and polyurethane foam. The heat insulation plates use a double-layer design, and the polyurethane foam is filled between the heat insulation plates as a heat preservation material to reduce the heat exchange inside and outside the box and increase the heat preservation performance.

[0049] Four casters are arranged at the bottom of the box body 103. By adjusting the casters, the box body 103 can be moved or fixed in a position.

[0050] In specific implementation, an opening and an openable baffle 102 are provided on the back of the heat preservation box, which is used for filling soil during experiments. When replacing the soil in the box, the openable baffle 102 at the opening can be used to fill the soil, which can avoid the dust generated when adding soil from the upper part of the lead screw slide rail 304 and 307 from affecting the accuracy of the ball screw and the moving sliders 305 and 306.

[0051] In specific implementation, a circular opening is provided on the side of the bottom of the heat preservation box. The circular opening is used to install the water supply and drainage pipe 105 and the water pipe valve 104, which is used for controlling the liquid level in the box during experiments.

[0052] As Figure 3 shown, the refrigeration module includes the first metal heat sink 201, the heat dissipation fans 202 and 203, the semiconductor refrigeration chips 206 and 207, the heat insulation sponges 204 and 205, the metal heat conduction sheets 208 and 209, and the heat conduction fans 210 and 211. The first metal heat sink 201 is installed on the side wall of the box body 103 of the heat preservation and airtight box. The heat dissipation fans 202 and 203 are installed and arranged on the side of the first metal heat sink 201 away from the inside of the heat preservation and airtight box. The semiconductor refrigeration chips 206 and 207 are connected and installed on the side of the first metal heat sink 201 close to the inside of the heat preservation and airtight box. The heat insulation sponges 204 and 205 are arranged around the semiconductor refrigeration chips 206 and 207. The semiconductor refrigeration chips 206 and 207 are connected through the metal heat conduction sheets 208 and 209 and the heat conduction fans 210 and 211, and the heat conduction fans 210 and 211 face the inside of the heat preservation and airtight box.

[0053] The semiconductor refrigeration chips 206 and 207 include a cold end and a hot end. The hot ends of the semiconductor refrigeration chips 206 and 207 are in close contact with the first metal heat sink 201, and the cold ends of the semiconductor refrigeration chips 206 and 207 are in close contact with the metal heat conduction sheets 208 and 209. The fin sides of the metal heat conduction sheets 208 and 209 are in close contact with the heat conduction fans 210 and 211.

[0054] The hot ends of the semiconductor refrigeration chips 206 and 207 are in close contact with the first metal heat sink 201. The heat dissipation fans 202 and 203 are fixed on the fin side of the first metal heat sink 201 by screws. The semiconductor refrigeration chips 206 and 207 are embedded in the centers of the heat insulation sponges 204 and 205.

[0055] Apply thermal paste evenly on the contact surfaces of the first aluminum alloy heat sink 201, heat insulation sponges 205, 204, aluminum alloy heat conduction sheets 208, 209, and semiconductor refrigeration sheets 206, 207, and fix the above four parts with screws at the same time.

[0056] The cooling fans 202, 203 blow outwards, and the heat conduction fans 210, 211 blow inwards. When the temperature inside the environmental simulation control box needs to be reduced, the cold ends of the semiconductor refrigeration sheets 206, 207 use heat conduction to blow cold air into the box through the heat conduction fans 210, 211, and the hot ends of the semiconductor refrigeration sheets 206, 207 use heat conduction to discharge heat outside the box through the cooling fans 202, 203, which can increase the heat conduction efficiency.

[0057] As Figure 5 shown, the heating module includes a heat conduction fan 401, a silicone heating sheet 403, a silicone heat insulation gasket 404, and a second metal heat sink 405; the second metal heat sink 405 is attached and installed on the side wall of the heat preservation and airtight box through the silicone heat insulation gasket 404, and the second metal heat sink 405 is attached and installed on the side wall of the heat preservation and airtight box on the side away from the inside of the heat preservation and airtight box through the silicone heat insulation gasket 404. The silicone heating sheet 403 is sandwiched between the second metal heat sink 405 and the silicone heat insulation gasket 404. The heat conduction fan 401 is fixed at the heat dissipation fin end of the second metal heat sink 405, and the heat conduction fan 401 faces the inside of the heat preservation and airtight box.

[0058] After the second metal heat sink 405, the silicone heating sheet 403, and the silicone heat insulation gasket 404 are closely attached, they are fixed on the side wall of the box body 103.

[0059] The heat conduction fan 401 blows inwards. When simulating the influence of high temperature on the displacement measurement of the sensor unit to be measured, the heat generated by the heating module changes the temperature inside the box through the second metal heat sink 405 and the heat conduction fan 401.

[0060] As Figure 4 shown, the simulation adjustment mechanism includes a metal cross beam 319, a horizontal stepping motor 302, a horizontal lead screw sliding table guide rail 307, a horizontal moving slider 305, a vertical stepping motor 301, a vertical lead screw sliding table guide rail 304, a vertical moving slider 306, a plurality of proximity switch sensors 303, a sensor fixing arm 312, a clamping lock 313, a U-shaped fixing frame 311, a worm and worm gear reducer 314, and a hand wheel 320;

[0061] The metal cross beam 319 is horizontally arranged across the middle inside the box body 103 of the heat preservation and airtight box, and the metal cross beam 319 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the box body 103 of the heat preservation and airtight box through a metal angle code 318;

[0062] A horizontal stepping motor 302 and a horizontal lead screw slider guide 307 are installed above the metal crossbeam 319. The horizontal lead screw slider guide 307 is fixedly installed on the metal crossbeam 319 through a U-shaped fixing bracket 311. One end of the horizontal lead screw slider guide 307 is installed with the horizontal stepping motor 302. The output shaft of the horizontal stepping motor 302 is synchronously connected to the lead screw end of the horizontal lead screw slider guide 307. The horizontal lead screw slider guide 307 includes a lead screw and a guide rail. The lead screw and the guide rail are horizontally arranged in parallel through a bracket. A horizontal moving slider 305 is slidably installed on the guide rail of the horizontal lead screw slider guide 307. At the same time, the horizontal moving slider 305 is threadedly sleeved on the lead screw of the horizontal lead screw slider guide 307;

[0063] A vertical stepping motor 301 and a vertical lead screw slider guide 304 are installed on the side of the horizontal moving slider 305. The vertical lead screw slider guide 304 is fixedly installed on the horizontal moving slider 305. The upper end of the vertical lead screw slider guide 304 is installed with the vertical stepping motor 301. The output shaft of the vertical stepping motor 301 is synchronously connected to the lead screw end of the vertical lead screw slider guide 304. The vertical lead screw slider guide 304 includes a lead screw and a guide rail. The lead screw and the guide rail are vertically arranged in parallel through a bracket. A vertical moving slider 306 is slidably installed on the guide rail of the vertical lead screw slider guide 304. At the same time, the vertical moving slider 306 is threadedly sleeved on the lead screw of the vertical lead screw slider guide 304;

[0064] A worm and worm gear reducer 314 and a handwheel 320 are installed on the vertical moving slider 306. The handwheel 320 is synchronously connected to the input end of the worm and worm gear reducer 314. The upper end of the sensor fixing arm 312 is hinged to the output end of the worm and worm gear reducer 314. A clamping lock 313 is installed at the lower end of the sensor fixing arm 312. A first sensing unit 316 to be measured is fixed at the lower end of the clamping lock 313. A second sensing unit 317 to be measured is arranged below the first sensing unit 316 to be measured. The second sensing unit 317 to be measured is fixed on the bottom surface of the box body 103 of the heat preservation and airtight box.

[0065] Specifically, the clamping lock 313 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the sensor fixing arm 312 through a fixing screw 315. The end of the sensor fixing arm 312 is embedded in the middle of the clamping lock 313, and the two are fixed by screws.

[0066] In specific implementation, proximity switch sensors 308 and 310 for detecting the movement limit of the horizontal moving slider 305 are respectively arranged at both ends of the horizontal lead screw slider guide 307, and proximity switch sensors 303 and 309 for detecting the movement limit of the vertical moving slider 306 are respectively arranged at both ends of the vertical lead screw slider guide 304. The proximity switch sensors 303, 308, 309, and 310 are fixed at both ends of the ball screws of the lead screw slider guides 304 and 307. Their function is to limit the maximum stroke of the two moving sliders 305 and 306.

[0067] Two sensing units to be measured. The second sensing unit 317 is fixed at the bottom of the box body. The first sensing unit 316 adjusts its relative position with the second sensing unit 317 through a clamping structure and a slide table displacement mechanism. By adjusting the input shaft of the worm and worm gear reducer, the included angle between the axes of the two sensing units can be changed. This can simulate the relative displacement change between adjacent sensing units and the inclination angle change of the sensing unit when the surrounding rock and soil of the sensing unit buried in the actual rock and soil mass slide.

[0068] When calibrating the data of the sensing unit, the horizontal stepping motor 302 is energized to control the first sensing unit 316 to move horizontally, and the vertical stepping motor 301 is energized to control the first sensing unit 316 to move vertically. By changing the angle of the input shaft of the worm and worm gear reducer 314, the axial inclination angle of the first sensing unit 316 to be measured can be adjusted, which can simulate the state when the sensing unit tilts as the soil moves when the actual rock and soil mass slips, and thus realizes the change of the true situation of three-dimensional underground displacement measurement.

[0069] The input-output shaft speed ratio of the worm and worm gear reducer 314 is 60:1. The worm and worm gear reducer can achieve self-locking. By rotating the handwheel, an inclination angle of 0-90 degrees is provided for the first sensing unit 316 to be measured.

[0070] The specific implementation also includes a PC host computer. The geotechnical environment simulation control box and the PC host computer are connected through USART serial communication; the PC host computer is used to receive and save the sensor measurement data and send control instructions to the lower computer.

[0071] As Figure 6 shown, the system parameter control composition also includes a single-chip microcomputer, a temperature control module, a heating module, a refrigeration module, a sensing unit position control module, and a PC host computer. The single-chip microcomputer is connected to the heating module, the refrigeration module through the temperature control module. The single-chip microcomputer is connected to the motor in the analog adjustment mechanism through the sensing unit position control module. The single-chip microcomputer communicates with the sensing unit through the 485 bus, and its main function is to send measurement instructions and receive measurement data. The PC host computer communicates with the single-chip microcomputer through the USART serial port, and its main function is to receive and save the measurement data of the three-dimensional underground displacement sensor.

[0072] The specific simulation measurement process using the device of the present invention is as follows:

[0073] In the specific implementation, the first sensing unit 316 to be measured and the second sensing unit 317 to be measured are both three-dimensional underground displacement measurement sensing units, and their communication method is 485 bus communication.

[0074] Start the data calibration experiment of the three-dimensional underground displacement measurement unit. As Figure 4, the hand wheel 320 is turned to drive the output shaft of the worm gear reducer 314 to rotate, and the sensor fixed arm 312 hinged on the output shaft of the worm gear reducer 314 rotates accordingly, and the first sensor unit 316 to be tested also tilts accordingly. The tilt angle of the first sensor unit 316 to be tested is measured by an external laser level to be 5 degrees (the adjustable angle is 0°-90°), the hand wheel 320 stops turning, the worm gear reducer 314 is self-locked, and the tilt angle of the first sensor unit 316 to be tested is fixed to 5°. The tilt angle data of the first sensor unit 316 to be tested and the second sensor unit 317 to be tested are sent to the single chip microcomputer through the 485 bus, and then the tilt angle data of the sensor unit is forwarded to the PC host computer through the USART bus and stored. At this point, the tilt angle adjustment of the first sensor unit 316 to be tested is completed.

[0075] like Figure 6 , adjust the temperature inside the box, specifically, the microcontroller sets the temperature required for the experiment as the set value S v The temperature data of the temperature sensor DS18B20 inside the heat-insulated sealed box is used as the measurement value P v , temperature difference e(k) = S v -P v , using the PID incremental algorithm:

[0076] △U k =K P (e(k)-e(k-1))+K I e(k)+K D (e(k)-2e(k-1)+e(k-2))

[0077] K P is the proportionality coefficient, K I is the integration coefficient, K D is the differential coefficient, △U k is the control increment, e(k) is the temperature difference, e(k-1) is the previous difference, and e(k-2) is the previous difference.

[0078] The PID algorithm is used to calculate the PWM output duty cycle of the microcontroller output IO port, change the average input voltage of the temperature control module, control the on and off time of the heating module and the cooling module, change the cooling capacity of the cooling module and the heat generation of the heating module, and gradually achieve a constant temperature inside the box.

[0079] After the temperature inside the box is constant, the PC host computer sets the displacement parameters to be calibrated for the first sensing unit 316 to be measured: horizontal displacement 50 mm and vertical displacement 50 mm. After the single-chip microcomputer receives the horizontal and vertical displacement parameters transmitted via the USART bus, the single-chip microcomputer starts to send moving and data measurement instructions to the displacement control module, the first sensing unit 316 to be measured, and the second sensing unit 317 to be measured. The output shaft of the horizontal stepper motor 302 rotates, and the lead screw slider guide 307 rotates accordingly, driving the horizontal motion slider 305 to move horizontally, indirectly changing the horizontal position of the first sensing unit 316 to be measured. Similarly, the rotation of the output shaft of the vertical stepper motor 301 indirectly changes the vertical position of the first sensing unit 316 to be measured.

[0080] The specific data measurement process is as follows. The first sensing unit 316 to be measured moves 1 mm horizontally to the right under the action of the horizontal stepper motor 302. At this time, the position of the first sensing unit to be measured is: (horizontal displacement, vertical displacement) = (1, 0). The first sensing unit 316 to be measured and the sensing unit 317 to be measured measure a set of data, and this set of measured data includes the type-I mutual inductance voltage, the type-II mutual inductance voltage, the tilt angle of the first sensing unit 316 to be measured, and the tilt angle of the second sensing unit 317 to be measured. After a set of data is measured, it is sent to the single-chip microcomputer via the 485 bus and then sent to the PC host computer for display via the USART bus. When the first sensing unit 316 to be measured moves to (50, 0), after the data measurement is completed and uploaded to the PC host computer, the horizontal stepper motor 302 starts to rotate in the reverse direction, driving the first sensing unit 316 to be measured back to the position (0, 0). Then the first sensing unit 316 to be measured moves 1 mm vertically upward to the position (0, 1) under the action of the vertical stepper motor 301. The vertical stepper motor 301 stops rotating. The first sensing unit 316 to be measured and the second sensing unit 317 to be measured measure a set of data and send it to the PC host computer for display. The output shaft of the horizontal stepper motor 302 starts to rotate forward, and the first sensing unit 316 to be measured is driven to start moving horizontally. The position changes from (0, 1) to (50, 1), and the moving distance each time is 1 mm. Each time it moves, a set of data is measured. After the data measurement is completed at the position (50, 1), the output shaft of the horizontal stepper motor 302 rotates in the reverse direction, driving the first sensing unit to be measured back to the position (0, 1). Similarly, when the first sensing unit 316 to be measured reaches the position (50, 50), all the data measurements of the first sensing unit 316 at this inclination angle are completed. All the data has been transmitted to the PC host computer according to the above process, and the data will be saved later for analysis.

[0081] When simulating different geotechnical environments, open the baffle 102 hinged at the opening on the back of the heat preservation box body, and replace different experimental soils. After the experimental soils are added into the heat preservation box body, make the surrounding of the first sensing unit 316 to be measured and the second sensing unit 317 to be measured filled with soils, so as to ensure that the surrounding environment of the sensing unit is close to the actual geotechnical environment. Ensure that the measurement data of the sensing unit can reflect the influence brought by different geotechnical environments. After the two sensing units 316 and 317 to be measured complete the data at one inclination angle, it is necessary to first clean the soil around the first sensing unit 316 to be measured inside the heat preservation box body, then adjust the hand wheel 320 to change the inclination angle of the first sensing unit 316 to be measured, and then send a stepping motor displacement instruction through the PC host computer to adjust the position of the first sensing unit 316 to be measured so that the right bottom end point of it coincides with the right upper end point of the second sensing unit 317 to be measured. The purpose of doing this is to ensure that the relative displacement between the two sensing units is always from 0 mm to 50 mm each time.

[0082] The data calibration of the underground displacement three-dimensional measurement sensing unit takes a long time, which is reflected in that every time the relative position between the two sensing units changes, the two sensing units measure a set of data. Placing the underground displacement three-dimensional measurement sensor in a traditional temperature control box can only measure a set of fixed data and cannot change the relative position between the sensing units. The present invention adds a displacement and inclination angle control mechanism for the underground displacement three-dimensional measurement sensor, realizing accurate data calibration while changing the temperature and humidity of the environment. When the underground displacement three-dimensional measurement sensor is actually buried, the surrounding environment of the sensing unit is generally a slurry environment of iron ore sand, copper ore sand and soils with different ferromagnetic substance contents. The above soil samples can be added inside the heat preservation box body of the present invention as experimental soils. When calibrating the data of the underground displacement three-dimensional measurement sensor using a traditional displacement console, the ambient temperature around the sensing unit cannot be kept constant and can only be referenced to the indoor ambient temperature. The present invention can not only control the movement of the sensing unit, but also keep the temperature inside the heat preservation box body constant at any temperature within the range of 10°C - 45°C. The present invention is beneficial to studying the influence of environmental temperature and humidity on the underground displacement three-dimensional measurement sensor.

[0083] Thus, based on the above device design of the present invention, it can solve the problem that an ordinary temperature control box can only control the temperature and cannot obtain the displacement data of the sensor under the same environment, solve the problem of mobile measurement when the underground displacement three-dimensional measurement sensor is buried in the soil, and at the same time solve the problem that the environmental temperature and humidity of the traditional displacement platform cannot be controlled.

[0084] In summary, the structure of the present invention is simple and reliable. By simulating various geotechnical environments, it explores the influence of environmental factors on the underground displacement three-dimensional measurement sensor and provides data reference for the actually buried sensor.

[0085] The above description of the embodiments is to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and apply the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to the above embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative efforts. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmental simulation control box applied to a three-dimensional underground displacement measurement system, characterized in that: It includes a heat-insulating and airtight box body, a simulation adjustment mechanism installed in the heat-insulating and airtight box body, a first sensing unit to be measured (316), a second sensing unit to be measured (317), and a refrigeration module and a heating module installed on the side wall of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The heat-insulating and airtight box body is used as a geotechnical environment simulation control box. The refrigeration module and the heating module are respectively installed on two symmetrical side surfaces of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The simulation adjustment mechanism is installed on the inner side wall of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The heat-insulating and airtight box body contains iron ore sand, copper ore sand, soil and water. The first sensing unit to be measured (316) and the second sensing unit to be measured (317) are both buried in the soil. One of the first sensing unit to be measured (316) and the second sensing unit to be measured (317) is connected to the simulation adjustment mechanism and driven by the simulation adjustment mechanism to move relative to the other; The simulation adjustment mechanism includes a metal cross beam (319), a horizontal stepping motor (302), a horizontal lead screw slide rail (307), a horizontal moving slider (305), a vertical stepping motor (301), a vertical lead screw slide rail (304), a vertical moving slider (306), a sensor fixing arm (312), a clamping lock (313), a worm and gear reducer (314) and a hand wheel (320); the metal cross beam (319) is horizontally arranged across the middle of the heat-insulating and airtight box body, and the metal cross beam (319) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the heat-insulating and airtight box body through a metal angle code (318); A horizontal stepping motor (302) and a horizontal lead screw slide rail (307) are installed above the metal cross beam (319). The output shaft of the horizontal stepping motor (302) is synchronously connected to the lead screw end of the horizontal lead screw slide rail (307). A horizontal moving slider (305) is slidably installed on the guide rail of the horizontal lead screw slide rail (307). At the same time, the horizontal moving slider (305) is threadedly sleeved on the lead screw of the horizontal lead screw slide rail (307); A vertical stepping motor (301) and a vertical lead screw slide rail (304) are installed on the side surface of the horizontal moving slider (305). The output shaft of the vertical stepping motor (301) is synchronously connected to the lead screw end of the vertical lead screw slide rail (304). A vertical moving slider (306) is slidably installed on the guide rail of the vertical lead screw slide rail (304). At the same time, the vertical moving slider (306) is threadedly sleeved on the lead screw of the vertical lead screw slide rail (304); A worm and worm gear speed reducer (314) and a handwheel (320) are installed on the vertical moving slider (306). The handwheel (320) is synchronously connected to the input end of the worm and worm gear speed reducer (314). The upper end of the sensor fixing arm (312) is hinged to the output end of the worm and worm gear speed reducer (314). A clamping lock (313) is installed at the lower end of the sensor fixing arm (312). The lower end of the clamping lock (313) is fixed with a first sensing unit to be measured (316). A second sensing unit to be measured (317) is arranged below the first sensing unit to be measured (316). The second sensing unit to be measured (317) is fixed on the bottom surface of the heat-insulating and airtight box body.

2. The environmental simulation control box applied to the underground displacement three-dimensional measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating and airtight box body includes a box cover (101) and a box body (103). The box cover (101) is installed on the upper opening of the box body (103). An opening for filling soil during the experiment is arranged on the side surface of the box body (103). A baffle (102) is installed on the side opening of the box body (103). A water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the box body (103). The water outlet is connected to a water supply and drainage pipe (105). A water pipe valve (104) is arranged on the water supply and drainage pipe (105).

3. The environmental simulation control box applied to the underground displacement three-dimensional measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration module includes a first metal heat sink (201), cooling fans (202, 203), thermoelectric cooling chips (206, 207), heat-insulating sponges (204, 205), metal heat conducting sheets (208, 209) and heat conducting fans (210, 211). The first metal heat sink (201) is installed on the side wall of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The cooling fans (202, 203) are arranged on the side surface of the first metal heat sink (201) away from the inside of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The thermoelectric cooling chips (206, 207) are connected and installed on the side surface of the first metal heat sink (201) close to the inside of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. Heat-insulating sponges (204, 205) are arranged around the thermoelectric cooling chips (206, 207). The thermoelectric cooling chips (206, 207) are connected through the metal heat conducting sheets (208, 209) and the heat conducting fans (210, 211). The heat conducting fans (210, 211) face the inside of the heat-insulating and airtight box body.

4. The environmental simulation control box applied to the underground displacement three-dimensional measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating module includes a heat conducting fan (401), a silica gel heating sheet (403), a silica gel heat-insulating gasket (404) and a second metal heat sink (405). The second metal heat sink (405) is attached and installed on the side wall of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The second metal heat sink (405) is attached and installed on the side wall of the heat-insulating and airtight box body through the silica gel heat-insulating gasket (404) on the side surface away from the inside of the heat-insulating and airtight box body. The silica gel heating sheet (403) is clamped between the second metal heat sink (405) and the silica gel heat-insulating gasket (404). The heat conducting fan (401) is fixed at the heat dissipating fin end of the second metal heat sink (405). The heat conducting fan (401) faces the inside of the heat-insulating and airtight box body.

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