A sedimentation rate test device and method for environmental field use

Abstract

This invention relates to a settling rate testing device and method for environmental field use, belonging to the field of settling test technology. The device includes a settling assembly, which includes a collection cylinder in the shape of a funnel, comprising a settling slope and a sampling port. Buoyancy information of the grid is acquired through a buoyancy sensor, and the activation of the regulating assembly is controlled based on this buoyancy information. When water-insoluble impurities accumulate in the grid, the gravity information of the grid is calculated based on the buoyancy information. At this point, the accumulated water-insoluble impurities in the grid can be calculated. Then, by activating an electric telescopic rod, the grid is driven to compress a spring. When the spring is compressed to its limit, due to the elastic potential energy, the grid rebounds, causing the accumulated material inside the grid to bounce to the outside of the grid. This prevents the grid from clogging and preventing sediment from entering the collection cylinder, further improving the accuracy of the sediment settling rate test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of settling rate testing technology, and in particular to a settling rate testing device and method for environmental field use. Background Technology

[0002] The estuarine water contains both large and small particles of sediment, namely clay with a particle size of less than 0.004 mm and a certain proportion of silt, with a particle size between 0.004 and 0.062 mm. Fine particles of sediment generally do not exist as single particles, but are often combined with a large number of other nearby particles to form a certain structure. The effect of adjacent particles combining into an aggregate under certain conditions is called "flocculation". The structure formed by flocculation is called "floc". In turbulent water, the occurrence of flocculation requires two conditions to be met simultaneously: (1) the electrochemical reaction of the floc and the collision between particles; (2) the shear force on the floc is less than its shear strength. Experiments show that the maximum suspended sediment particle size that produces flocculation is 0.03 mm. When the particle size is between 0.01 and 0.03 mm, the flocculation effect is very weak. Due to flocculation, the particle size can change rapidly in the range of 0.001 to 0.1 mm. There is a certain relationship between the size of fine suspended sediment flocs, suspended sediment concentration and shear force. The size of flocs varies with the concentration of suspended sediment; flocs decrease in size with increasing shear force. The flocculation and sedimentation process of fine-grained sediment in estuaries plays a crucial role in estuarine sediment processes. Therefore, experiments on sediment settling rates in aquatic environments are essential research projects; currently, however, a suitable apparatus for measuring sediment settling rates is lacking. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a settling rate testing device and method for environmental field use.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a settling rate testing device for environmental field use, characterized in that the settling rate testing device comprises:

[0006] At least one fixed cylinder;

[0007] The settling assembly includes a collection cylinder, which is funnel-shaped and comprises a settling slope and a sampling port.

[0008] At least one fixed base is provided for securing the settling assembly;

[0009] A flange seat, used to connect with the fixed base, is installed above the settlement slope;

[0010] An adjustment component includes a buoyancy sensor and a grid. The buoyancy information of the grid is obtained through the buoyancy sensor, and the start-up of the adjustment component is controlled according to the buoyancy information.

[0011] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flange seat is provided with a groove, and a plurality of first threaded holes are provided in the groove, and the first threaded holes are installed around the upper surface of the groove.

[0012] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buoyancy sensor is installed inside the grid, and the grid is composed of a mesh and has a preset gap size, and the grid can move within the groove according to the buoyancy information received by the grid.

[0013] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of second threaded holes are provided around the perimeter of the grid, and the second threaded holes are aligned with the first threaded holes.

[0014] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electric telescopic rod is installed on the second threaded hole of the grid, and the other end of the electric telescopic rod is fixed to the first threaded hole, so that the grid can move within the groove.

[0015] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a spring is sleeved on the outer circle of the electric telescopic rod, and the upper end face of the spring can contact the grid, and the lower end face of the spring can fit against the upper surface of the groove.

[0016] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of ropes are connected to the flange seat, and the plurality of ropes are connected to the float positioning device.

[0017] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the buoyancy information received by the grid is greater than the preset buoyancy information, the electric telescopic rod is driven to compress the spring to a preset length.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method of using an environmental field settling rate testing device, applicable to any of the environmental field settling rate testing devices described in the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0019] The fixing cylinder is vertically inserted into the bottom sediment by diving, and the settling component is positioned between 30cm and 50cm from the bottom sediment surface to fix the settling component and prevent the bottom sediment from disturbing the settling component.

[0020] The buoy positioning device is anchored to the seabed around the settling assembly and connected to the settling assembly. After the sediment in the settling assembly has settled for the preset sampling time, it is slowly detached from the settling assembly in a vertical manner.

[0021] Use a brush to gently brush the inner wall of the collection tube to thoroughly wash away the sediment and suspended matter, and take a sample from the bottom sampling port to measure the particle size distribution and suspended matter mass of the near bottom water.

[0022] Based on the formula Settling rate = Mass of suspended matter / (Settling time * Settling surface area), calculate the sediment settling rate and settling effect under specific site conditions.

[0023] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of using the environmental field settling rate testing device further includes the following steps:

[0024] The buoyancy information of the current grid is obtained through a buoyancy sensor;

[0025] The gravity of the current grid is calculated based on the buoyancy information, and the gravity of the current grid is compared with the preset gravity to obtain the deviation rate.

[0026] Determine whether the deviation rate is greater than a preset deviation rate;

[0027] If the deviation rate is greater than the preset deviation rate, the electric telescopic rod is activated.

[0028] This invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] This invention, through the setting of an adjustment component, utilizes a grid-like structure with preset gap sizes to prevent the entry of biological and non-sedimentary materials, thereby ensuring the accuracy of sedimentation rate tests. When water-insoluble impurities accumulate within the grid, a buoyancy sensor acquires the buoyancy information of the grid, calculating its weight. This allows for the determination of the accumulated water-insoluble impurities. Activating an electric telescopic rod then compresses the grid and springs. When the springs are compressed to their limit, the grid rebounds due to elastic potential energy, causing the accumulated material to bounce to the outside of the grid. This prevents the grid from becoming clogged, thus preventing sediment from entering the collection cylinder and further improving the accuracy of sedimentation rate tests. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a settling rate testing device for environmental field use is shown.

[0032] Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of a settling rate testing device for environmental field use is shown.

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a sedimentation rate testing device for field use in a certain environment is shown.

[0034] Figure 4 A first method flowchart is shown for using a settling rate testing device for environmental field use.

[0035] Figure 5 A second method flowchart is shown for using a settling rate testing device for environmental field applications.

[0036] In the picture:

[0037] 1. Fixed cylinder, 2. Settling assembly, 3. Fixed base, 4. Flange seat, 5. Adjustment assembly, 6. Rope, 7. Float positioning device, 201. Collection cylinder, 2011. Settlement slope, 2012. Sampling port, 501. Grid, 502. Electric telescopic rod, 503. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, references to "embodiment," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," or "other embodiments" indicate that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least some embodiments, but not necessarily all embodiments. Multiple appearances of "embodiment," "one embodiment," or "some embodiments" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. If the specification describes a component, feature, structure, or characteristic as "may," "may," or "can" be included, then that particular component, feature, structure, or characteristic is not required to be included. If the specification or claims refer to an element "a," it does not mean that there is only one element. If the specification or claims refer to "an additional" element, it does not exclude the existence of more than one additional element. Furthermore, specific features, structures, functions, or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. For example, a first embodiment can be combined with a second embodiment, provided that the specific features, structures, functions, or characteristics associated with the two embodiments are not mutually exclusive.

[0040] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified, ordinal adjectives such as "first," "second," and "third" are used to describe common objects, indicating only different instances of the same object, and not implying that the objects described in this way must be in a given order, whether temporally, spatially, sequentially, or in any other way. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the invention.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides a settling rate testing device for environmental field use, characterized in that the settling rate testing device comprises:

[0044] At least one fixed cylinder 1;

[0045] Settlement assembly 2, the settlement assembly 2 includes a collection cylinder 201, the collection cylinder 201 is funnel-shaped and includes two parts: a settlement slope 2011 and a sampling port 2012.

[0046] At least one fixed base 3 is provided for fixing the settling component 2;

[0047] Flange seat 4, for connection with the fixed base 3, is installed above the settlement slope 2011;

[0048] The adjustment component 5 includes a buoyancy sensor and a grid 501. The buoyancy information of the grid 501 is obtained through the buoyancy sensor, and the start-up of the adjustment component 5 is controlled according to the buoyancy information.

[0049] It should be noted that the fixing cylinder is vertically inserted into the bottom sediment by diving, with the settling component positioned 30cm to 50cm from the sediment surface to secure it and prevent disturbance. A buoy positioning device is used to anchor the settling component to the surrounding seabed. After the sediment has settled for a predetermined sampling time, the settling component is slowly and vertically removed. The inner wall of the collection cylinder is gently brushed to thoroughly clean away any suspended matter, and a sample is taken from the bottom sampling port to measure the particle size distribution and suspended matter mass of the near-bottom water. The sedimentation rate and settling effect under specific site conditions are calculated using the formula: Settling Rate = Suspended Matter Mass / (Settling Time * Settling Surface Area). During this process, the grid-like design with predetermined gap sizes prevents the entry of organisms and non-sedimentary objects, ensuring the accuracy of the settling rate test.

[0050] Additionally, it should be noted that the grating can be made of nylon, stainless steel, or PVC, primarily to prevent the entry of organisms and non-sand objects. The collection cylinder is made of plexiglass or PVC, with a maximum inner diameter of 50cm, a settling slope of 30-40cm, and an intake of 1cm inner diameter and 5cm length plexiglass. The fixed cylinder is a PVC cylinder with an inner diameter of 50cm and a height of 100cm.

[0051] To further improve the accuracy of the test, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flange seat 4 is provided with a groove, and a plurality of first threaded holes are provided in the groove, and the first threaded holes are installed around the upper surface of the groove.

[0052] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buoyancy sensor is installed inside the grid 501, and the grid 501 is composed of a mesh and has a preset gap size, and the grid 5011 can move within the groove according to the buoyancy information received by the grid 501.

[0053] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of second threaded holes are provided around the perimeter of the grating 501, and the second threaded holes are aligned with the first threaded holes.

[0054] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electric telescopic rod 502 is installed on the second threaded hole of the grating 501, and the other end of the electric telescopic rod 502 is fixed to the first threaded hole, so that the grating 501 can move within the groove. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the number of electric telescopic rods 502 is not limited, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs.

[0055] It should be noted that in this embodiment, when water-insoluble impurities accumulate in the grid 501, the buoyancy information of the grid 501 is obtained by the buoyancy sensor, and the gravity information of the grid 501 is calculated based on the buoyancy information. At this time, the water-insoluble impurities accumulated in the grid 501 can be calculated. Then, by activating the electric telescopic rod 502, the electric telescopic rod drives the grid 501 to compress the spring 503. When the spring 503 is compressed to its limit, the grid 501 is rebounded due to the elastic potential energy, so that the material accumulated in the grid 501 rebounds to the outside of the grid 501, thereby preventing the grid 501 from being blocked and preventing the sediment from entering the collection cylinder 201, and further improving the accuracy of the sediment settling rate test.

[0056] To further improve the accuracy of the settling rate test, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a spring 503 is sleeved on the outer circle of the electric telescopic rod 502, and the upper end face of the spring 503 can contact the grid 501, and the lower end face of the spring 503 can fit against the upper surface of the groove.

[0057] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of ropes 6 are connected to the flange seat 4, and the plurality of ropes 6 are connected to the float positioning device 7.

[0058] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the buoyancy information received by the grid 501 is greater than the preset buoyancy information, the electric telescopic rod 502 is driven to compress the spring 503 to a preset length.

[0059] It should be noted that by attaching a spring 503 to the outer circumference of the electric telescopic rod 502, with the upper end face of the spring 503 able to contact the grid 501 and the lower end face of the spring 503 able to fit against the upper surface of the groove, when the electric telescopic rod 502 is driven, both ends of the spring 503 are subjected to the force of the electric telescopic rod 502, causing the spring 503 to be compressed. At this time, the spring 503 continues to retain elastic potential energy. When the elastic potential energy reaches its limit, due to the action of elastic potential energy, the grid 501 is rebounded. Under this force, the grid 501, through the scouring of water and vibration, causes the insoluble substances deposited in the grid 501 to rebound to the outside of the grid 501, thereby preventing the grid 501 from being blocked and preventing the mud and sand from entering the collection cylinder 201, further improving the accuracy of the experiment.

[0060] Figure 4 A first method flowchart is shown for using a settling rate testing device for environmental field use.

[0061] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method of using an environmental field settling rate testing device, applicable to any of the environmental field settling rate testing devices described in the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0062] S102: The fixing cylinder is vertically inserted into the bottom mud by diving, and the settling component is positioned between 30cm and 50cm from the bottom mud surface to fix the settling component and prevent the bottom mud from disturbing the settling component.

[0063] S104: The buoy is anchored to the seabed around the settling assembly and connected to the settling assembly. After the sediment in the settling assembly has settled for the preset sampling time, it is slowly removed from the settling assembly in a vertical manner.

[0064] S106: Use a brush to gently brush the inner wall of the collection tube to thoroughly wash away the sediment and suspended matter, and take a sample from the bottom sampling port to measure the particle size distribution and suspended matter mass of the near bottom water.

[0065] S108: Calculate the sediment settling rate and settling effect under specific site conditions based on the formula: Settling rate = mass of suspended matter / (settling time * settlement surface area).

[0066] It should be noted that after connecting the device as shown in the diagram, the fixing cylinder should be vertically inserted into the bottom sediment by diving, ensuring that the settling component is within 30-50cm of the bottom sediment surface and avoiding disturbance of the bottom sediment. The buoy positioning device should be anchored to the seabed around the settling device and connected to the settling component. After sedimentation for the preset sampling time (set according to the actual data required, such as 15 days or 30 days), the settling device should be slowly removed vertically. After removing the settling component, the inner wall of the collection cylinder should be gently brushed with a brush to thoroughly wash away the sediment and suspended matter. Samples should be taken from the bottom sampling port, and the particle size distribution and suspended matter mass of the near-bottom water should be measured. The sediment settling rate under specific site conditions can be calculated using the formula: Settling rate = Suspended matter mass / (Settling time * Settling surface area). The settling rate can then be determined based on the settling effect.

[0067] Figure 5 A second method flowchart is shown for using a settling rate testing device for environmental field applications.

[0068] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of using the environmental field settling rate testing device further includes the following steps:

[0069] S202: Obtain the buoyancy information of the current grid 501 through the buoyancy sensor;

[0070] S204: Calculate the current gravity of the grid 501 based on the buoyancy information, and compare the current gravity of the grid 501 with the preset gravity to obtain the deviation rate;

[0071] S206: Determine whether the deviation rate is greater than a preset deviation rate;

[0072] S208: If the deviation rate is greater than the preset deviation rate, start the electric telescopic rod 502.

[0073] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the buoyancy information of the current grid 501 is obtained through a buoyancy sensor. Since the relationship between the buoyancy and gravity of the grid in water can be calculated from the physical formula, the gravity of the grid is calculated based on the conversion relationship between buoyancy and gravity. The gravity of the current grid 501 is compared with the preset gravity to obtain the deviation rate. When the deviation rate is greater than the preset deviation rate, it indicates that a large amount of insoluble substances have been deposited in the grid. At this time, the electric telescopic rod 502 is activated, which drives the grid 501 to compress the spring 503. When the spring 503 is compressed to its limit, the grid 501 is rebounded due to the elastic potential energy, causing the accumulated substances in the grid 501 to rebound to the outside of the grid 501. This prevents the grid 501 from being blocked, thus preventing the sediment from entering the collection cylinder 201 and further improving the accuracy of the sediment settling rate test. In this embodiment, those skilled in the art can easily understand the conversion relationship between buoyancy and gravity. This embodiment does not limit the actual calculation formulas for buoyancy and gravity. Those skilled in the art can perform calculations according to the actual situation.

[0074] In summary, this invention, by setting up an adjustment component, and because the grid is designed in a mesh shape with a preset gap size, prevents the entry of biological and non-sedimentary objects, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the sedimentation rate test. When water-insoluble impurities accumulate in the grid, the buoyancy sensor acquires the buoyancy information of the current grid, and the gravity information of the grid is calculated based on the buoyancy information. At this point, the accumulated water-insoluble impurities in the grid can be calculated. Then, by activating the electric telescopic rod, the grid is driven to compress the spring. When the spring is compressed to its limit, due to the elastic potential energy, the grid is rebounded, causing the accumulated material in the grid to rebound to the outside of the grid. This prevents the grid from blocking the sediment and thus prevents sediment from entering the collection cylinder, further improving the accuracy of the sedimentation rate test.

[0075] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0076] Based on the preferred embodiments of the present invention described above, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A settling rate testing device for environmental field use, characterized in that, The settling rate testing device includes: At least one fixed cylinder; A settling assembly, comprising a collection cylinder, the collection cylinder being funnel-shaped and including a settling slope and a sampling port; At least one fixed base is provided for securing the settling assembly; A flange seat, used to connect with the fixed base, is installed above the settlement slope; An adjustment component, which includes a buoyancy sensor and a grid, acquires buoyancy information of the grid through the buoyancy sensor, and controls the activation of the adjustment component based on the buoyancy information; An electric telescopic rod is installed on the second threaded hole of the grating, and the other end of the electric telescopic rod is fixed to the first threaded hole, so that the grating can move within the groove; A spring is fitted onto the outer circumference of the electric telescopic rod, and the upper end face of the spring can contact the grid, while the lower end face of the spring can fit against the upper surface of the groove. When the buoyancy information of the grid is greater than the preset buoyancy information, the electric telescopic rod is driven to compress the spring to the preset length.

2. The environmental field settling rate testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flange seat has a groove, and the groove has a plurality of first threaded holes, which are installed around the upper surface of the groove.

3. The environmental field settling rate testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The buoyancy sensor is installed inside the grid, and the grid is composed of a mesh and has a preset gap size. The grid can move within the groove according to the buoyancy information received by the grid.

4. The environmental field settling rate testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The grid has several second threaded holes around its perimeter, and the second threaded holes are aligned with the first threaded holes.

5. The environmental field settling rate testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several ropes are connected to the flange seat, and the ropes are connected to the float positioning device.

6. A method of using a settling rate testing device for environmental field use, characterized in that, The settling rate testing apparatus for environmental field use as described in any one of claims 1-5 comprises the following steps: The fixing cylinder is vertically inserted into the bottom sediment by diving, and the settling component is positioned between 30cm and 50cm from the bottom sediment surface to fix the settling component and prevent the bottom sediment from disturbing the settling component. The buoy positioning device is anchored to the seabed around the settling assembly and connected to the settling assembly. After the sediment in the settling assembly has settled for the preset sampling time, it is slowly detached from the settling assembly in a vertical manner. Use a brush to gently brush the inner wall of the collection tube to thoroughly wash away the sediment and suspended matter, and take a sample from the bottom sampling port to measure the particle size distribution and suspended matter mass of the near bottom water. Based on the formula Settling rate = mass of suspended matter / (settling time * settlement surface area), calculate the sediment settling rate and settling effect under specific site conditions.

7. The method of using the environmental field settling rate testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: The buoyancy information of the current grid is obtained through a buoyancy sensor; The gravity of the current grid is calculated based on the buoyancy information, and the gravity of the current grid is compared with the preset gravity to obtain the deviation rate. Determine whether the deviation rate is greater than a preset deviation rate; If the deviation rate is greater than the preset deviation rate, the electric telescopic rod is activated.

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