A chipless steel plate side grooving process

Abstract

A chipless steel plate side grooving process includes the following steps: step one, rounding and shaping the outer peripheral surface of the blank; step two, thickening the outer peripheral surface of the blank; step three, spinning and beveling the outer peripheral surface of the blank according to the design contour of the forming groove; and step four, rolling grooves on the beveled edge of the blank using a spinning tool with a forming cavity. Single-side thickening is achieved through a newly designed fixture, spinning tool, and thickening process. The beveling process allows for the distribution of machining allowances for the long and short sides of the "h"-shaped groove, avoiding the setting of overflowing excess material. Combined with the rolling groove process after the previous steps, the combined effect directly results in a finished part with "h"-shaped side grooves with long and short sides. There is no need to arrange a separate turning step, saving multiple costs as described in the background technology, and providing key inspiration for the research and development of the forming process of the side special-shaped grooves of disc parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automobile parts production and processing, and in particular to a chip-free steel plate side grooving process. Background Art

[0002] The current trend is to use spinning to replace casting. Spinning uses a spinning machine to place the wheel blank on a mold and then uses a tool to extrude the blank to obtain the wheel hub.

[0003] In the existing technology, disc-type parts such as oil baffles are still produced by stamping. Traditional stamping technology is difficult to adapt to some special structural shapes. For example, the oil baffle is a disc-shaped component. When a groove needs to be formed on the outer circumference of the disc, the stamping process is difficult to complete and requires turning or casting. However, turning wastes materials and casting is prone to problems such as air holes and looseness.

[0004] During spinning, due to the small thickness of the blank of disc parts such as oil baffles and the small processing area, directly using spinning tools to form grooves can easily cause product cracking, delamination, adhesion, etc. Therefore, the following method is used: Figure 1 、 2 The 6-step spinning process shown:

[0005] Step 1: Rounding. Correct the outer surface of the disc-like part to ensure the roundness of the formed groove. Step 2: Thickening. Since disc-like parts are thin, usually only a few millimeters thick, direct spinning and grooving will result in processing failure. Therefore, the outer surface to be processed must first be thickened to increase the local thickness and strength. Then, step 3: Grooving is performed. First, a preliminary groove is pressed into the thickened area, and the thickened area is rough-machined according to the contour of the formed groove. Then, in step 4, a spinning tool is used to press out the formed groove.

[0006] However, the process requires that the forming groove be an "H"-shaped special-shaped groove, and the groove side has two asymmetrical sides, one long and one short. The company's old process cannot control the two sides of the groove, which is one long and one short. It is very easy to cause the short side to be formed. When the long side is spun and extended, there is insufficient blank margin, resulting in incomplete forming of the long side and substandard size.

[0007] Our old process could only increase the stock allowance and create more roughing allowance during the thickening step to ensure that the long sides met the standards. However, this resulted in excess allowance at the ends of both the long and short sides after step 4, and the dimensions still did not meet the standards, requiring trimming in step 5.

[0008] In step 5, the spinning equipment cannot handle the overflow, so the disc parts need to be disassembled and installed on the turning equipment. The overflow is removed by turning using the turning process to finally obtain the designed size.

[0009] However, the shortcomings of this old process are obvious. The blank margin that has to be designed not only increases the material cost of mass production, but also requires an additional process to eliminate the overflow margin, and secondary processing through another device. This requires the arrangement of equipment and operators, the transfer and reprocessing of parts, and the guarantee of clamping accuracy to avoid damage to the dimensions during secondary processing. These are all disadvantages of the old process. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies, the present invention provides a steel plate side grooving process without chipping.

[0011] The technical solution of the present invention is a chipless steel plate side grooving process, which comprises the following steps: step 1, rounding and shaping the outer peripheral surface of the blank;

[0012] Step 2: thickening the outer peripheral surface of the blank;

[0013] Step 3: According to the design contour of the forming groove, the outer peripheral surface of the blank is spun and beveled to form a beveled edge on the outer peripheral surface. The beveled edge includes a large diameter side and a small diameter side. The large diameter side corresponds to the long side of the designed forming groove, and the small diameter side corresponds to the short side of the designed forming groove.

[0014] Step four, use a spinning tool with a forming cavity to roll grooves on the bevel of the blank. The contour of the forming cavity is matched with the contour of the designed forming groove, including a long side cavity, a groove protrusion, and a short side cavity. The large diameter part of the bevel is sunk into the long side cavity to form, and the small diameter part of the bevel is sunk into the short side cavity to form. The groove protrusion is formed by spinning at the bevel to obtain a finished workpiece.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a groove corresponding to the designed bevel is set on the spinning tool, and the beveled spinning tool is pushed close to the blank to form a bevel on the outer peripheral surface of the blank. This process distributes the thickness of the outer peripheral surface and distributes it to the long side and short side of the corresponding forming groove to ensure that there is enough margin for the long side to be formed in one time, and there is no overflow margin after one-time forming, so that the finished workpiece is obtained after the fourth step of rolling the groove, and there is no need to arrange the turning step.

[0016] The groove spinning tool designed in step 4 uses the designed long side cavity, groove protrusion, and short side cavity to spin the long side, forming groove, and short side of the blank.

[0017] The blank used in the side grooving process is a pre-stamped semi-finished part. As shown in the attached figure, the shape structure is first obtained by stamping, and then the forming groove on the outer peripheral surface is spun. After spinning, it becomes a finished product.

[0018] The present invention is further provided that: in the step 2, the thickening is performed on one side, the axial sides of the blank include a reference end face and a deformed end face, the reference end face corresponds to the long side of the forming groove, the process includes a fixture for clamping the blank, the fixture is in the shape of a stepped shaft, including a thin shaft portion and a thick shaft portion, the blank is sleeved and fixed on the thin shaft portion, and the deformed end face faces the thick shaft portion;

[0019] The process includes a thickening spinning tool, which includes a thickening groove, and a first limiting flange and a second limiting flange located on both sides of the thickening groove. The thickening groove is aligned with the outer peripheral surface of the blank and radially approaches the blank. The first limiting flange is located on the side of the thick shaft portion and gradually contacts the thick shaft portion as the spinning tool radially approaches the blank. The second limiting flange is parallel to the reference end face of the blank and is located on the side of the thin shaft portion. As the spinning tool radially approaches the blank, it gradually contacts the thin shaft portion.

[0020] With the above technical solution, traditional thickening can only form a lump-shaped thickening material on the outer peripheral surface, and the thickening profile cannot be accurately controlled, resulting in a large deformation when spinning the "H"-shaped forming groove of the present invention, especially since one side of the forming groove is a flat end face, and the lump-shaped thickening material extends beyond the two end faces. During the forming process, one side end face of the lump-shaped thickening material needs to be smoothed again, which is a backward process and redundant waste.

[0021] In the thickening step of the present invention, the fixture of the present invention and the thickening spinning tool structure design are utilized to make the first limiting flange and the second limiting flange gradually approach each other in the radial direction of the spinning tool and synchronously contact the thick shaft portion and the thin shaft portion. Because the second limiting flange fits the reference end face of the blank, during the approach of the tool, one side of the reference end face is completely restricted and no deformation occurs, and the thickening material on the outer peripheral surface is deformed toward the thick shaft portion.

[0022] The first limiting flange is set at a distance from the second limiting flange and a width of the pier thickness groove according to the design size of the pier thickness. When the pier thickness material deforms toward the deformation end face until it is intercepted by the first limiting flange, and the first limiting flange and the second limiting flange contact the thick shaft part and the thin shaft part, the pier thickness is completed and a pier thickness with a flat surface on one side is obtained.

[0023] At this time, by designing an arc chamfer on the thick shaft, it cooperates with the thickening groove from the other side to extrude the thickening material. The above design is to obtain the "H"-shaped forming groove for targeted plasticity.

[0024] The present invention is further configured as follows: the diameter of the first limiting flange is smaller than that of the second limiting flange, and the diameter difference between the two is the same as the diameter difference between the thick shaft portion and the thin shaft portion.

[0025] The present invention is further provided with: the thick shaft portion is provided with an arc transition.

[0026] A further configuration of the present invention is that the thick shaft portion is sleeved with a detachable thickening ring.

[0027] With the above technical solution, during the thickening and beveling steps, the contour of the thickened shaft portion of the fixture is utilized, and together with the spinning tool, two-way plasticization is performed on the thickened material area. At this time, the thickened material is attached to the thickened shaft portion. A removable thickening ring is pre-installed to increase the diameter and thickness of the thickened shaft portion. It is placed on the thickened shaft portion to serve as the contact surface for the thickening and beveling steps. During step 4, when rolling the groove, only the thickening ring can be removed, reducing the diameter and thickness of the thickened shaft portion, so that the previously attached thickened material area is exposed again, facilitating contact and cooperation with the spinning tool for forming the groove, eliminating the step of removing the blank from the fixture. Both the thickening ring and the thickened shaft portion are equipped with arc transitions for the thickened material area.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through the newly designed fixture, spinning tool, and thickening process, single-sided thickening is achieved, and through the beveling process, the processing allowance distribution of the long and short sides of the "h"-shaped special-shaped groove is achieved, avoiding the setting of overflow surplus material. Combined with the rolling groove process after the previous steps, the comprehensive effect directly obtains the final finished parts with "h"-shaped side grooves with long and short sides, without the need to arrange additional turning steps, saving many costs as described in the background technology, and providing key inspiration for the research and development of the forming process of special-shaped grooves on the sides of disc parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The old process structure of the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 2 The old process structure of the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 3 Thickening process structure of the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 4 Thickening process structure of the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a bevel process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 The groove rolling process structure of the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 7 The groove rolling process structure of the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a finished product according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of .

[0038] 1-blank, 11-bevel, 111-large diameter side, 112-small diameter side, 12-long side, 13-molding groove, 14-short side, 15-reference end face, 21-long side cavity, 22-groove protrusion, 23-short side cavity, 31-thin shaft portion, 32-thick shaft portion, 41-thick groove, 42-first limiting flange, 43-second limiting flange, 44-arc transition, 5-thickening ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following is a detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1-4 As shown, a chipless steel plate side grooving process comprises the following steps: Step 1, rounding and shaping the outer peripheral surface of the blank 1;

[0040] Step 2: thickening the outer peripheral surface of the blank 1;

[0041] Step 3: According to the design profile of the forming groove 13, the outer peripheral surface of the blank 1 is spun and beveled to form a beveled edge 11 on the outer peripheral surface. The beveled edge 11 includes a large diameter side 111 and a small diameter side 112. The large diameter side 111 corresponds to the long side 12 of the designed forming groove 13, and the small diameter side 112 corresponds to the short side 14 of the designed forming groove 13.

[0042] Step 4: Use a spinning tool with a forming cavity to roll grooves on the bevel 11 of the blank 1. The contour of the forming cavity is matched with the contour of the designed forming groove 13, including a long side cavity 21, a groove protrusion 22, and a short side cavity 23. The large diameter portion of the bevel 11 is sunk into the long side cavity 21 for forming, and the small diameter portion of the bevel 11 is sunk into the short side cavity 23 for forming. The groove protrusion 22 is spun on the bevel 11 to form the groove 13 to obtain a finished workpiece.

[0043] By setting a groove corresponding to the designed bevel 11 on the spinning tool, pushing the beveled spinning tool close to the blank 1, and forming the bevel 11 on the outer peripheral surface of the blank 1, this process distributes the excess of the outer peripheral surface thickness and distributes it to the long side 12 and short side 14 corresponding to the forming groove 13, ensuring that the long side 12 has enough margin for one-time forming, and there is no overflow margin after one-time forming, so that the finished workpiece is obtained after step four grooving, and there is no need to arrange further turning steps.

[0044] The groove spinning tool designed in step 4 uses the designed long side cavity 21, groove protrusion 22, and short side cavity 23 to spin the long side 12, forming groove 13 and short side 14 of the blank 1.

[0045] The blank 1 used in the side grooving process is a pre-stamped semi-finished product. As shown in the accompanying drawings, the shape structure is first obtained by stamping, and then the forming groove 13 on the outer peripheral surface is spun to obtain the finished product.

[0046] In the second step, the thickening is performed on one side. The blank 1 includes a reference end face 15 and a deformed end face on both axial sides. The reference end face 15 corresponds to the long side 12 of the forming groove 13. The process includes a fixture for clamping the blank 1. The fixture is in the shape of a stepped shaft and includes a thin shaft portion 31 and a thick shaft portion 32. The blank 1 is fixedly mounted on the thin shaft portion 31, with the deformed end face facing the thick shaft portion 32.

[0047] The process includes a thickening spinning tool, which includes a thickening groove 41, and a first limiting flange 42 and a second limiting flange 43 located on both sides of the thickening groove 41. The thickening groove 41 is aligned with the outer peripheral surface of the blank 1 and radially approaches the blank 1. The first limiting flange 42 is located on one side of the thick shaft portion 32, and gradually contacts the thick shaft portion 32 as the spinning tool radially approaches the blank 1. The second limiting flange 43 is parallel to the reference end face 15 of the blank 1, is located on one side of the thin shaft portion 31, and gradually contacts the thin shaft portion 31 as the spinning tool radially approaches the blank 1.

[0048] The conventional thickening can only form a lump-shaped thickening material on the outer peripheral surface, and cannot accurately control the thickening contour, resulting in a large deformation when spinning the "H"-shaped forming groove 13 of the present invention, especially since one side of the forming groove 13 is a flat end face, and the lump-shaped thickening material protrudes from the end face. During the forming process, one side end face of the lump-shaped thickening material needs to be smoothed again, which is a backward and wasteful process.

[0049] In the thickening step of the present invention, the fixture of the present invention and the thickening spinning tool structure design are utilized to make the first limiting flange 42 and the second limiting flange 43 gradually approach the thickening tool radially and synchronously contact the thick shaft portion 32 and the thin shaft portion 31. Because the second limiting flange 43 fits the reference end face 15 of the blank 1, during the approach of the tool, one side of the reference end face 15 is completely restricted and no deformation occurs, and the thickening material on the outer peripheral surface is deformed toward the thick shaft portion 32 side.

[0050] The first limiting flange 42 is set at a distance from the second limiting flange 43 and a width of the pier thickening groove 41 according to the design size of the pier thickening. When the pier thickening material deforms toward the deformation end face until it encounters the interception of the first limiting flange 42, and the first limiting flange 42 and the second limiting flange 43 contact the thick shaft portion 32 and the thin shaft portion 31, the pier thickening is completed and a pier with a flat surface on one side is obtained.

[0051] At this time, the arc transition 44 designed on the thick shaft portion 32 cooperates with the thickening groove 41 from the other side to extrude the thickening material. The above design is to perform targeted plasticization on the final "H"-shaped forming groove 13.

[0052] The diameter of the first limiting flange 42 is smaller than that of the second limiting flange 43 , and the diameter difference between the first limiting flange 42 and the second limiting flange 43 is the same as the diameter difference between the thick shaft portion 32 and the thin shaft portion 31 .

[0053] The thick shaft portion 32 is provided with an arc transition.

[0054] The thick shaft portion 32 is sleeved with a detachable thickening ring 5 .

[0055] In the thickening and beveling steps 11, the contour of the thick shaft portion 32 of the fixture is utilized, and together with the spinning tool, two-way plasticization is performed on the thickened material portion. At this time, the thickened material is attached to the thick shaft portion 32. A removable thickening ring 5 is pre-installed to increase the diameter and thickness of the thick shaft portion 32. It is placed on the thick shaft portion 32 to serve as the contact surface for the thickening and beveling steps 11. In step 4, when rolling the groove, only the thickening ring 5 can be removed, reducing the diameter and thickness of the thick shaft portion 32, so that the previously attached thickened material is exposed again, so as to facilitate the contact and cooperation of the spinning tool for forming the groove 13, eliminating the step of removing the blank 1 from the fixture. The thickening ring 5 and the thick shaft portion 32 are both provided with arc transitions for the thickened material.

[0056] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through the newly designed fixture, spinning tool, and thickening process, single-sided thickening is achieved, and through the beveling 11 process, the processing allowance distribution of the long and short sides of the "h"-shaped special-shaped groove is achieved, avoiding the setting of overflow surplus material. Combined with the rolling groove process after the previous steps, the comprehensive effect directly obtains the final finished parts with "h"-shaped side grooves with long and short sides, without the need to arrange additional turning steps, saving many costs as described in the background technology, and providing key inspiration for the research and development of the forming process of the side special-shaped grooves of disc parts.

Claims

1. A chipless steel plate side grooving process, characterized by: The process comprises the following steps: Step 1, rounding and shaping the outer peripheral surface of the blank; Step 2: thickening the outer peripheral surface of the blank; Step 3: According to the design contour of the forming groove, the outer peripheral surface of the blank is spun and beveled to form a beveled edge on the outer peripheral surface. The beveled edge includes a large diameter side and a small diameter side. The large diameter side corresponds to the long side of the designed forming groove, and the small diameter side corresponds to the short side of the designed forming groove. Step 4: Use a spinning tool with a forming cavity to roll grooves on the bevel of the blank. The contour of the forming cavity is matched with the contour of the designed forming groove, including a long side cavity, a groove protrusion, and a short side cavity. The large diameter portion of the bevel is sunk into the long side cavity to form, and the small diameter portion of the bevel is sunk into the short side cavity to form. The groove protrusion is formed by spinning on the bevel to form a groove, thereby obtaining a finished workpiece. In the second step, the thickening is performed on one side, and the two axial sides of the blank include a reference end face and a deformed end face, the reference end face corresponds to the long side of the forming groove, and the process includes a fixture for clamping the blank, the fixture is in the shape of a stepped shaft, including a thin shaft portion and a thick shaft portion, the blank is sleeved on the thin shaft portion and fixed, and the deformed end face faces the thick shaft portion; The process includes a thickening spinning tool, which includes a thickening groove, and a first limiting flange and a second limiting flange located on both sides of the thickening groove. The thickening groove is aligned with the outer peripheral surface of the blank and radially approaches the blank. The first limiting flange is located on the side of the thick shaft portion and gradually contacts the thick shaft portion as the spinning tool radially approaches the blank. The second limiting flange is parallel to the reference end face of the blank and is located on the side of the thin shaft portion. As the spinning tool radially approaches the blank, it gradually contacts the thin shaft portion.

2. A chipless steel plate side grooving process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the first limiting flange is smaller than that of the second limiting flange, and the diameter difference between the two is the same as the diameter difference between the thick shaft portion and the thin shaft portion.

3. The chipless steel plate side grooving process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thick shaft portion is provided with an arc transition.

4. The chipless steel plate side grooving process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thick shaft portion is sleeved with a detachable thickening ring.

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