Multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system and method, which can convert biomass and urban woody waste into combustible gas as a heat source for industrial and agricultural energy supply equipment. The system includes a gasification chamber, the outlet of the gasification chamber is connected to a separator, the outlet of the separator is connected to a return feeder, the outlet of the return feeder is connected to a return feed port of the gasification chamber, the outlet flue of the separator is connected to a gas transmission pipeline, the outlet flue of the separator is sequentially provided with a diffusion combustion device and a steam generator, the gasification chamber is provided with a steam interface and a wind chamber, the steam interface is connected to the outlet of the steam generator, the wind chamber is connected to the outlet of the blower and the steam generator, the wind chamber is also provided with an ignition combustion device, the return feeder is provided with a return feed wind chamber, and the return feed wind chamber is connected to the outlet of the return feed fan and the steam generator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and in particular relates to a multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system and method. Background Art

[0002] Biomass energy has always been one of the important energy sources for human survival and occupies an important position in the entire energy system. It has the advantages of being renewable, low-pollution, widely distributed, and abundant in resources.

[0003] The current use of biomass energy includes direct use of crop straw, firewood, etc. as fuel; indirect use of agricultural and forestry waste, animal manure, algae, etc. as fuel, which generate biogas through the action of microorganisms, or use pyrolysis to produce liquid and gaseous fuels. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system and method, which can convert biomass and urban woody waste into combustible gas as a heat source for industrial and agricultural energy supply equipment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system, including a gasification chamber, the outlet of the gasification chamber is connected to a separator, the outlet of the separator is connected to a return feeder, the outlet of the return feeder is connected to the return feed port of the gasification chamber, the outlet flue of the separator is connected to a gas delivery pipeline, the outlet flue of the separator is sequentially provided with a diffusion combustion device and a steam generator, the gasification chamber is provided with a steam interface and a wind chamber, the steam interface is connected to the outlet of the steam generator, the wind chamber is connected to a blower and the outlet of the steam generator, the wind chamber is also provided with an ignition combustion device, the return feeder is provided with a return feed wind chamber, and the return feed wind chamber is connected to a return feed blower and the outlet of the steam generator.

[0006] Furthermore, the feed port of the gasification chamber is connected with a feed pipe, and the feed pipe is connected to a silo.

[0007] Furthermore, a feeder is provided at the bottom of the silo, an outlet of the feeder is connected to an inlet of the drop pipe, and an outlet of the drop pipe is connected to a feed port of the gasification chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the drop pipe is arranged obliquely, and the outlet of the drop pipe is lower than the inlet.

[0009] Furthermore, it is characterized in that the wind chamber is arranged at the bottom of the gasification chamber, and the steam interface, the feed port of the gasification chamber and the return port of the gasification chamber are all arranged close to the bottom of the gasification chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the outlet of the gasification chamber is arranged near the top of the gasification chamber, the outlet of the gasification chamber is connected to the top inlet of the separator, the outlet of the separator is arranged at the bottom of the separator, and the outlet of the separator is connected to the top inlet of the returner.

[0011] Furthermore, the material return air chamber is arranged at the bottom of the material return device.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottoms of the gasification chamber and the separator are in a conical barrel shape.

[0013] Furthermore, the outlet flue of the separator is also provided with an air preheater, the inlet of the air preheater is connected to the blower, and the outlet of the air preheater is connected to the wind chamber.

[0014] The present invention also provides a multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification method, which uses the multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system described above and comprises the following steps:

[0015] 1) Putting bed material into the gasification chamber;

[0016] 2) Start the blower and ignition combustion device to gradually heat up the interior of the gasification chamber. After a benign material circulation is formed between the gasification chamber, the separator and the return device, close the exit ignition combustion device;

[0017] 3) Add fuel into the gasification chamber and start the diffusion combustion device until it ignites;

[0018] 4) Turn on the return fan to maintain material circulation between the gasification chamber, separator and return device;

[0019] 5) After the diffuse combustion device has a stable output, start the steam generator to achieve dual-medium participation of air and steam in the gasification reaction;

[0020] 6) Adjust the blower to maintain continuous output of combustible gas in the system.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the outlet of the gasification chamber of the system of the present invention is connected to the separator, the outlet of the separator is connected to the returner, the outlet of the returner is connected to the return port of the gasification chamber, and material circulation can be formed between the gasification chamber, the separator and the returner. The fluidized bed gasification form is adopted, the gasification intensity is higher, and the bed material has a certain heat storage effect, so that the applicability of the fuel is wider; it has the characteristics of distributed energy, is suitable for solving the energy needs of urban and rural heating and urban zero-carbon industrial parks, and is highly popularizable and replicable; it uses biomass and urban waste as raw materials to improve the comprehensive utilization level of urban and rural solid waste, and provides a good solution for the construction of waste-free cities; a steam generator is used as the steam source, and air and steam are used as two gasifying agents, so the temperature in the gasification process can be adjusted, effectively avoiding the occurrence of high-temperature coking of the fuel, and a separate steam generating device is provided, which is not affected by the steam source and has stronger applicability.

[0022] The method of the present invention creates a reducing high-temperature environment for biomass and urban waste, reduces and pyrolyzes biomass and urban waste into combustible gas, and completes the material form transformation of biomass and urban waste from solid to gaseous. The generated combustible gas can be burned and utilized on site, or stored in a pipe and sent to a remote gas point. The biomass and urban woody waste are converted into combustible gas, which can be used as a heat source for energy supply equipment in industry and agriculture, etc., which saves energy and protects the environment, and improves the efficient conversion and utilization of resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0024] Among them, 1 is a silo, 2 is a feeder, 3 is a drop pipe, 4 is a gasification chamber, 41 is a steam interface, 42 is a wind chamber, 5 is a separator, 6 is a return feeder, 61 is a return feed wind chamber, 7 is a return feed fan, 8 is an ignition combustion device, 9 is a steam generator, 10 is an air preheater, 11 is a gas transmission pipeline, 12 is a blower, and 13 is a diffusion combustion device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] The present invention provides a multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system, the biomass involved includes but is not limited to crops, crop waste, wood, wood waste, waste paper packaging in urban waste, garden waste and other woody garbage, as well as municipal and organic-rich industrial dried sludge, etc.

[0027] See Figure 1 The system includes a gasification chamber 4, the outlet of the gasification chamber 4 is connected to a separator 5, the outlet of the separator 5 is connected to a return feeder 6, the outlet of the return feeder 6 is connected to the return feed port of the gasification chamber 4, the outlet flue of the separator 5 is connected to a gas delivery pipeline 11, the outlet flue of the separator 5 is sequentially provided with a diffusion combustion device 13 and a steam generator 9, the gasification chamber 4 is provided with a steam interface 41 and a wind chamber 42, the steam interface 41 is connected to the outlet of the steam generator 9, the wind chamber 42 is connected to the blower 12 and the outlet of the steam generator 9, the wind chamber 42 is also provided with an ignition combustion device 8, the return feeder 6 is provided with a return feed wind chamber 61, and the return feed wind chamber 61 is connected to the return feed fan 7 and the outlet of the steam generator 9.

[0028] The outlet of the gasification chamber 4 of the system of the present invention is connected to the separator 5, the outlet of the separator 5 is connected to the return feeder 6, the outlet of the return feeder 6 is connected to the return feed port of the gasification chamber 4, and a material cycle can be formed between the gasification chamber 4, the separator 5 and the return feeder 6. The fluidized bed gasification form is adopted, the gasification intensity is higher, and the bed material has a certain heat storage effect, so that the applicability of the fuel is wider; the steam generator 9 is used as the steam source, and the two gasification agents of air and steam are used, and the temperature in the gasification process can be adjusted, and the occurrence of high-temperature coking of the fuel can be effectively avoided. The steam generator 9 is set separately, which is not affected by the steam source and has stronger applicability. The steam generator 9 is set at the outlet flue of the separator 5, which can absorb the flue gas waste heat of the outlet flue, saving energy and protecting the environment.

[0029] Specifically, the feed port of the gasification chamber 4 is connected to a drop pipe 3, and the drop pipe 3 is connected to the silo 1. More specifically, a feeder 2 is provided at the bottom of the silo 1, and the outlet of the feeder 2 is connected to the inlet of the drop pipe 3, and the outlet of the drop pipe 3 is connected to the feed port of the gasification chamber 4. The silo 1, the feeder 2 and the drop pipe 3 form an automatic feeding mechanism, which facilitates the transportation of materials to the gasification chamber 4, which is convenient and efficient.

[0030] Preferably, the drop pipe 3 is tilted, and the outlet of the drop pipe 3 is lower than the inlet. Of course, the outlet pipeline of the return device 6 is also tilted and connected to the return port of the gasification chamber 4, so that the material can fall into the gasification chamber 4 more smoothly under the action of its own weight.

[0031] Specifically, the air chamber 42 is arranged at the bottom of the gasification chamber 4, and the steam interface 41, the feed port of the gasification chamber 4 and the return port of the gasification chamber 4 are all arranged near the bottom of the gasification chamber 4. The outlet of the gasification chamber 4 is arranged near the top of the gasification chamber 4, and the outlet of the gasification chamber 4 is connected to the top inlet of the separator 5. The outlet of the separator 5 is arranged at the bottom of the separator 5, and the outlet of the separator 5 is connected to the top inlet of the returner 6. The return air chamber 61 is arranged at the bottom of the returner 6. In this way, a smooth and stable material circulation system can be formed between the gasification chamber 4, the separator 5 and the returner 6, forming a fluidized bed gasification form, with higher gasification intensity and higher efficiency. Preferably, the bottom of the gasification chamber 4 and the separator 5 is in a cone barrel shape, which is convenient for the material to fall under the action of its own weight.

[0032] Specifically, the outlet flue of the separator 5 is also provided with an air preheater 10, the inlet of the air preheater 10 is connected to the blower 12, and the outlet of the air preheater 10 is connected to the wind chamber 42. The air preheater 10 is used to absorb and recover the waste heat of the outlet flue of the separator 5, and the air is preheated to a certain temperature before being supplied to the gasification chamber 4, which can improve the heat exchange performance and reduce energy consumption.

[0033] The present invention also provides a multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification method, which uses the above system and includes the following steps:

[0034] 1) feeding bed material into the gasification chamber 4 through the silo 1, feeder 2 and drop pipe 3;

[0035] 2) Start the blower 12 and the ignition combustion device 8 to gradually increase the temperature inside the gasification chamber 4. After a benign material circulation is formed between the gasification chamber 4, the separator 5 and the return material device 6, close the exit ignition combustion device 8;

[0036] 3) Fuel is fed into the gasification chamber 4 through the silo 1, feeder 2 and drop pipe 3, and the fuel diffusion combustion device 13 is turned on until it is ignited;

[0037] 4) Turn on the material return fan 7 to maintain material circulation between the gasification chamber 4, the separator 5 and the material return device 6;

[0038] 5) After the emission combustion device 13 has a stable output, the steam generator 9 is turned on to achieve a dual-medium gasification reaction of air and steam;

[0039] 6) Adjust the blower 12 to maintain the continuous output of combustible gas in the system.

[0040] The present invention has the advantages that:

[0041] 1) The present invention adopts the form of fluidized bed gasification, which has higher gasification intensity and the bed material has a certain heat storage effect, making the fuel more applicable;

[0042] 2) The present invention has the characteristics of distributed energy, is suitable for solving the energy demand of urban and rural heating and urban zero-carbon industrial parks, and is highly scalable and replicable;

[0043] 3) The present invention uses biomass and urban waste as raw materials to improve the comprehensive utilization level of urban and rural solid waste, providing a good solution for the construction of waste-free cities;

[0044] 4) The present invention uses two gasifying agents, air and steam, which can adjust the temperature during the gasification process and effectively avoid the occurrence of high-temperature coking of the fuel;

[0045] 5) The present invention has its own steam generating device, is not affected by the steam source, and has stronger applicability.

[0046] The present invention converts biomass and urban woody waste into combustible gas, which serves as a heat source for industrial and agricultural energy supply equipment, creates a reducing high-temperature environment for biomass and urban waste, reduces and pyrolyzes biomass and urban waste into combustible gas, and completes the material form transformation of biomass and urban waste from solid to gaseous. The generated combustible gas can be burned and utilized on-site, or stored in a pipe and sent to a remote gas usage point. The structure is simple, and the performance is energy-saving, environmentally friendly and efficient.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system, It is characterized in that The invention comprises a gasification chamber (4), wherein the outlet of the gasification chamber (4) is connected to a separator (5), the outlet of the separator (5) is connected to a return material device (6), the outlet of the return material device (6) is connected to the return material port of the gasification chamber (4), the outlet flue of the separator (5) is connected to a fuel gas transmission pipeline (11), the outlet flue of the separator (5) is provided with a diffusion combustion device (13) and a steam generator (9) in sequence, the gasification chamber (4) is provided with a steam interface (41) and a wind chamber (42), the steam interface (41) is connected to the outlet of the steam generator (9), the wind chamber (42) is connected to a blower (12) and the outlet of the steam generator (9), the wind chamber (42) is further provided with an ignition combustion device (8), the return material device (6) is provided with a return material wind chamber (61), the return material wind chamber (61) is connected to a return material blower (7) and the outlet of the steam generator (9).

2. A multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The feed inlet of the gasification chamber (4) is connected to a feed pipe (3), and the feed pipe (3) is connected to a material bin (1).

3. A multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that A feeder (2) is provided at the bottom of the silo (1), the outlet of the feeder (2) is connected to the inlet of the drop pipe (3), and the outlet of the drop pipe (3) is connected to the feed port of the gasification chamber (4).

4. A multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The drop pipe (3) is arranged obliquely, and the outlet of the drop pipe (3) is lower than the inlet.

5. A multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, It is characterized in that The wind chamber (42) is arranged at the bottom of the gasification chamber (4), and the steam interface (41), the feed port of the gasification chamber (4) and the return port of the gasification chamber (4) are all arranged close to the bottom of the gasification chamber (4).

6. A multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The outlet of the gasification chamber (4) is arranged near the top of the gasification chamber (4), the outlet of the gasification chamber (4) is connected to the top inlet of the separator (5), the outlet of the separator (5) is arranged at the bottom of the separator (5), and the outlet of the separator (5) is connected to the top inlet of the return device (6).

7. A multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The material return air chamber (61) is arranged at the bottom of the material return device (6).

8. The multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The bottoms of the gasification chamber (4) and the separator (5) are in a conical barrel shape.

9. The multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The outlet flue of the separator (5) is also provided with an air preheater (10), the inlet of the air preheater (10) is connected to the blower (12), and the outlet of the air preheater (10) is connected to the wind chamber (42).

10. A multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification method, It is characterized in that A multi-media fluidized bed biomass gasification system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: 1) placing bed material into the gasification chamber (4); 2) starting the blower (12) and the ignition combustion device (8) to gradually increase the temperature inside the gasification chamber (4), and after a benign material circulation is formed between the gasification chamber (4), the separator (5) and the return device (6), closing the exit ignition combustion device (8); 3) Adding fuel into the gasification chamber (4) and opening the injection diffusion combustion device (13) until ignition; 4) Turn on the material return fan (7) to maintain material circulation between the gasification chamber (4), the separator (5) and the material return device (6); 5) After the emission combustion device (13) has a stable output, the steam generator (9) is turned on to achieve a dual-medium gasification reaction involving air and steam; 6) Adjust the blower (12) to maintain the continuous output of combustible gas in the system.

Images