A square hole forming hammer drill

Abstract

The application relates to a square hole forming hammer drill, belonging to the field of geological drilling equipment, which comprises a drill rod, a percussion hammer head and a driving mechanism, the percussion hammer head is located at one end of the drill rod and slides relative to the drill rod, the sliding direction is the length direction of the drill rod, the driving mechanism is used for controlling the rotation of the drill rod and the movement of the percussion hammer head relative to the drill rod, the side, away from the drill rod, of the percussion hammer head abuts against the soil layer or the rock layer, and the projection of the impact area of the percussion hammer head on the soil layer or the rock layer in the movement direction of the drill rod is a rectangle. In the process of underground continuous wall slotting construction, the square hole forming hammer drill is used to form a rectangular hole, so that the tooth edge structure is hardly left on the slot wall of the underground continuous wall slotting, a separate tooth edge cleaning process is saved, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is saved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of geological drilling equipment, in particular to a square hole forming down-the-hole hammer drilling tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a retaining structure that can both stop water and bear weight, the underground continuous wall is increasingly widely used with the increase of deep foundation pit projects. The underground continuous wall can improve the safety of underground projects, greatly save engineering cost, shorten construction period, and prevent the surrounding foundation from sinking, and is a deep foundation pit support technology with great development prospects and promotional value.

[0003] When the trenching construction of the underground continuous wall encounters deep rock strata, a rotary drilling rig is generally used to rotate and core to form a hole, an impact drill square hammer is used to impact and repair the hole, and a grab bucket is used to clean the trench, so that the final hole section is rectangular to facilitate the placement of the wall steel reinforcement cage and the pouring and tamping of the continuous wall concrete into the wall construction. The specific operation process is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 1 The first step is to drill a plurality of first sequence holes by a rotary drilling rig or a down-the-hole hammer drilling machine; the second step is to drill a plurality of second sequence holes by the rotary drilling rig or the down-the-hole hammer drilling machine, and the arrangement direction of the first sequence holes and the second sequence holes is the length direction of the continuous wall; and the third step is to impact and repair the residual tooth edge to form a trench by a punching pile machine or a hydraulic grab.

[0004] In view of the related technologies in the above, the inventors consider that: this construction process needs multiple construction equipment to cross and cooperate with each other, and the process is complex, the progress is slow, and the cost is high. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to improve the above problems, the present application provides a down-the-hole hammer drilling tool for forming a square hole.

[0006] The down-the-hole hammer drilling tool for forming a square hole provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] The down-the-hole hammer drilling tool for forming a square hole comprises a drill rod, an impact hammer head, and a driving mechanism, the impact hammer head is located at one end of the drill rod and slides relative to the drill rod, the sliding direction is the length direction of the drill rod, the driving mechanism is used to control the rotation of the drill rod and the movement of the impact hammer head relative to the drill rod, the side of the impact hammer head away from the drill rod abuts against the soil layer or the rock stratum, and the projection of the impact area of the impact hammer head on the soil layer or the rock stratum in the movement direction of the drill rod is a rectangle.

[0008] By adopting the technical scheme, the projection of the impact hammer head on the impact area of the soil layer or rock layer in the moving direction of the drill rod is rectangular, and in the process of the operation of the drill, a hole with a rectangular cross section can be punched in the ground, so that when the drilling machine carries the drill along the length direction of the continuous wall and drills holes in sequence, the trench wall of the overall formed underground continuous wall has almost no obvious residual tooth edge, and a separate process for cleaning the residual tooth edge is not needed, thereby saving process steps and improving construction efficiency.

[0009] Preferably, the base frame is fixedly connected with a guide frame at one end thereof towards the ground, the inner edge contour of the guide frame is square, the cross section of the drill rod and the impact hammer head is a Luer triangle, the drill rod comprises a guide rotor located at the end away from the impact hammer head, and the edge arc radius of the cross section of the guide rotor is equal to the side length of the inner edge contour of the guide frame, and the side wall of the guide rotor abuts against the inner edge side wall of the guide frame; the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor and a universal coupling, the driving motor is fixedly connected with the base frame, one end of the universal coupling is connected with the output shaft of the driving motor, and the other end is connected with the center point of the guide rotor.

[0010] By adopting the technical scheme, the drill rod rotates under the action of the driving mechanism, and at the same time, the guide rotor with a Luer triangular cross section sweeps out a square area under the guidance of the guide frame in the rotating process, and the area where the impact hammer head can finally act is square, that is, the drill can form a hole with a square cross section.

[0011] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a booster air pipe, one end of the booster air pipe is connected with an air source, the other end is fixedly connected with the guide frame and the pipe opening of this end is located on the inner side wall of the guide frame, and in the projection in the length direction of the drill rod, the pipe opening of the booster air pipe towards the inner side of the guide frame is directed in the same direction as the output shaft of the driving motor.

[0012] Preferably, a power airflow channel is arranged in the drill rod, a containing cavity is arranged at the end of the drill rod towards the impact hammer head, the side of the impact hammer head away from the ground extends into the containing cavity, one end of the power airflow channel is in communication with the containing cavity, the end port of the power airflow channel away from the containing cavity is located in the guide frame, a gas guide pipe and a shock piston are arranged in the containing cavity, the gas guide pipe is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the containing cavity and is in communication with the power airflow channel and the containing cavity at the same time, the shock piston slides in the containing cavity, a pressure relief hole is arranged on the impact hammer head, one end of the pressure relief hole is located on the side of the impact hammer head towards the ground, and the other end is in communication with the containing cavity.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, the airflow generated by the air source finally enters the containing cavity to vibrate and drive the sonolator piston, so that the drilling tool can normally run and work, and the airflow entering the guide frame forms pressure in the cavity between the guide rotor and the inner wall of the guide frame, thereby providing certain auxiliary power for the continuous rotation of the guide rotor.

[0014] Preferably, the three ports in the guide frame are located on the three side walls of the guide rotor, and the one-way valve is arranged on the guide rotor and located in the power airflow channel.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, since the multiple booster air pipes generate air pressure in different directions to the rotating guide rotor, the holes for discharging the airflow on each side wall of the guide rotor can keep the relative force balance of the guide rotor, and the arrangement of the one-way valve improves the stability of the overall flow direction of the airflow.

[0016] Preferably, the one-way valve comprises a mounting seat, a reset tension spring and a movable ball, the mounting seat is detachably connected to the guide rotor and located at the port of the power airflow channel, one end of the reset tension spring is connected to the mounting seat, the other end is connected to the movable ball, and the movable ball is located in the power airflow channel.

[0017] Preferably, the end of the impact hammer head facing the ground is fixedly connected with a plurality of hard ball teeth, the hard ball teeth are provided with sand blowing holes, and the sand blowing holes are in communication with the pressure relief holes.

[0018] By adopting the technical scheme, during the working process of the drilling tool, the power airflow is sprayed out from the pressure relief holes of the impact hammer head and the sand blowing holes of the hard ball teeth in sequence, impacts the soil below the impact hammer head, blows away the broken soil and sand on the bottom wall of the hole below the hard ball teeth, so that the hard ball teeth can more directly abut and impact the hard structure in the soil layer.

[0019] Preferably, the drill rod further comprises a soil sweeping part and a containing part, the containing cavity is located on the containing part, the soil sweeping part is located between the guide rotor and the containing part, the cross-sectional projection of the soil sweeping part is smaller than that of the containing part, a plurality of soil sweeping teeth are fixedly connected to the side wall of the soil sweeping part, gaps are formed between adjacent soil sweeping teeth, and in the projection along the length direction of the drill rod, the end of the soil sweeping tooth is located at the edge of the containing part.

[0020] By adopting the technical scheme, during the continuous rotation of the drilling tool driven by the driving force, the soil sweeping teeth can push the broken soil or stones falling on the inner wall of the hole to the continuous wall trench space of the underground already drilled, thereby reducing the influence of these sundries on the current drilling process.

[0021] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] 1. The projection of the impact area of the impact hammer head on the soil or rock layer in the moving direction of the drill rod is rectangular, and a rectangular cross-section hole can be drilled underground during the operation of the drill tool, thereby saving the process steps and improving the construction efficiency.

[0023] 2. By setting the booster air pipe and power airflow channel, the airflow generated by the air source finally enters the containing cavity to drive the vibration of the son piston, so that the drill tool runs normally. The airflow entering the guide frame provides certain auxiliary power for the continuous rotation of the guide rotor in the cavity between the guide rotor and the inner wall of the guide frame. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a process schematic diagram for embodying the trench construction of the underground continuous wall.

[0025] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the down-the-hole hammer drill tool for embodying the rectangular hole.

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the guide frame and the guide drill tool cooperation structure in the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the guide frame and the guide drill tool cooperation structure in the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the containing part in the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Reference signs: 1, base frame; 12, guide frame; 2, drill rod; 21, guide rotor; 22, soil sweeping part; 221, soil sweeping tooth; 23, containing part; 231, containing cavity; 232, air guide pipe; 233, son piston; 24, power airflow channel; 25, one-way valve; 251, mounting seat; 252, reset tension spring; 253, movable ball; 3, driving mechanism; 31, driving motor; 32, universal coupling; 33, booster air pipe; 4, impact hammer head; 41, pressure relief hole; 42, hard ball tooth; 421, sand blowing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings Figures 1-5 The present application will be further described in detail.

[0031] The present application discloses a down-the-hole hammer drill tool for forming a rectangular hole, such as Figure 2As shown, the system includes a base frame 1, a drill rod 2, an impact hammer 4, and a drive mechanism 3. The impact hammer 4 is located at one end of the drill rod 2 and the two move relative to each other. The side of the impact hammer 4 away from the drill rod 2 is in contact with the soil or rock layer underground. The base frame 1 is located at the other end of the drill rod 2. The drive mechanism 3 is located inside the base frame 1 and is used to control the rotation of the drill rod 2 relative to the base frame 1 and the movement of the impact hammer 4 relative to the drill rod 2.

[0032] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, the projections of the drill rod 2 and the impact hammer 4 along the length of the drill rod 2 form a Reuleaux triangle. A guide frame 12 is integrally formed on the side of the base frame 1 facing the ground. The drill rod 2, from top to bottom, includes a guide rotor 21, a sweeping section 22, and a receiving section 23, all three coaxially and fixedly connected. The impact hammer 4 is located in the receiving section 23, and the guide rotor 21 is located inside the guide frame 12. The projections of the outer and inner edges of the guide frame 12 along the length of the drill rod 2 are both squares. Furthermore, in this projection, the radius of the arc at the edge of the rotor's cross-section is equal to the side length of the inner edge of the guide frame 12. The sidewall of the guide rotor 21 abuts against the inner sidewall of the guide frame 12. The drive mechanism 3 includes a drive motor 31 and a universal coupling 32. The drive motor 31 is fixedly connected to the base frame 1. The axial direction of the output shaft of the drive motor 31 is consistent with the length direction of the drill rod 2, and the projection of its output shaft along its own axial direction is located at the centroid of the guide frame 12. One end of the universal coupling 32 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor 31, and the other end is fixed to the centroid of the guide rotor 21 on the side away from the ground. Thus, during the operation of the drive motor 31, its output shaft moves towards the guide rotor 21 through the universal coupling 32, and the guide rotor 21 rotates accordingly. The side wall of the guide rotor 21 rolls against the inner edge side wall of the guide frame 12, and finally the drill rod 2 and the impact hammer 4 both sweep out a square cross-sectional shape in the vertical projection.

[0033] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, the drive mechanism 3 includes an assist air pipe 33. One end of the assist air pipe 33 is connected to an air source (not shown in the figure), and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide frame 12, with the pipe opening located on the inner edge sidewall of the guide frame 12. There are four assist air pipes 33 in total. The port of each assist air pipe 33 is located at the edge of one sidewall of the guide frame 12, and in the projection along the length of the drill rod 2, the pipe opening of the assist air pipe 33 facing the inside of the guide frame 12 faces the same direction as the output shaft of the drive motor 31. During the rotation of the guide rotor 21, the airflow sprayed from the assist air pipe 33 into the guide frame 12 can increase the air pressure in the space between the sidewall of the guide rotor 21 and the inner edge sidewall of the guide frame 12, providing auxiliary power for the continuous rotation of the guide rotor 21. Figure 4 In the middle, the direction of rotation of the guide rotor 21 is counterclockwise.

[0034] As Figure 3 , 4 and 5, the drill pipe 2 is provided with a power airflow channel 24, the receiving part 23 is provided with a receiving cavity 231, the upper end of the impact hammer head 4 is located in the receiving cavity 231, and the lower end extends out of the receiving cavity 231. The end port of the power airflow channel 24 away from the receiving cavity 231 is located in the guide frame 12, and the end port of the power airflow channel 24 in the guide frame 12 is provided with three ports. The three ports are respectively located on the three side walls of the guide rotor 21. In the process of rotating the guide rotor 21, the space between the single side wall of the guide rotor 21 and the inner edge side wall of the guide frame 12 first increases and then decreases, and the power air pipe 33 always keeps aeration. A continuous airflow enters the inside of the drill pipe 2 through the power airflow channel 24, and finally reaches the receiving cavity 231 to play a role as the power airflow of the down-the-hole hammer. Therefore, in order to maintain the continuity and stability of the airflow, a one-way valve 25 is arranged on the guide rotor 21 and located in the power airflow channel 24. The one-way valve 25 includes a mounting seat 251, a reset tension spring 252 and a movable ball 253. The mounting seat 251 is provided with a through hole, one end of the reset tension spring 252 is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the through hole, and the other end is connected with the movable ball 253. In the natural state, the movable ball 253 blocks the through hole on the mounting seat 251. The mounting seat 251 is in a cylindrical shape and is formed with an external thread structure, which is connected to the guide rotor 21 through the thread connection, and the movable ball 253 is located in the power airflow channel 24.

[0035] As Figure 5 shown, the receiving cavity 231 is fixedly connected with a gas guide pipe 232. One end of the gas guide pipe 232 communicates with the receiving cavity 231, and the other end communicates with the power airflow channel 24. The receiving cavity is also slidably provided with a vibrator piston 233. One end of the vibrator piston 233 is coaxially sleeved outside the gas guide pipe 232, and the vibrator piston 233 is provided with a passage for airflow. The impact hammer head 4 is provided with a pressure relief hole 41 for discharging the power airflow entering the receiving cavity from the drill pipe 2. In this embodiment, the working principle and cooperation mechanism of the gas guide pipe 232, the vibrator piston 233 and the impact hammer head 4 are similar to those of a conventional down-the-hole hammer, which will not be described here. The end of the impact hammer head 4 facing the ground is fixedly connected with a plurality of hard ball teeth 42. The hard ball teeth 42 are provided with sand blowing holes 421, which directly communicate with the pressure relief hole 41 of the impact hammer head 4. In the process of drilling, the power airflow is sprayed out from the pressure relief hole 41 of the impact hammer head 4 and the sand blowing hole 421 of the hard ball tooth 42 in turn, and the soil below the impact hammer head 4 is impacted, and the broken soil and sand below the hard ball tooth 42 on the bottom wall of the hole are blown away, so that the hard ball tooth 42 more directly abuts and impacts the hard structure in the soil layer.

[0036] As Figure 2As shown, the cross-sectional projection of the soil scraping portion 22 is smaller than that of the accommodating portion 23, and the soil scraping teeth 221 are integrally formed on the side wall of the soil scraping portion 22 at each edge. In the projection along the length direction of the drill rod 2, the end of the soil scraping teeth 221 is located at the edge of the accommodating portion 23, and a gap is formed between each two adjacent soil scraping teeth 221. In the process of continuously drilling downward, the soil or rock structure on the inner wall of the hole may continuously fall or slightly collapse due to vibration and other factors, i.e., continuously falling debris, stones and the like from the inner wall of the hole. In the process of continuously rotating the drill driven, the soil scraping teeth 221 can push the debris or stones falling from the inner wall of the hole to the side of the completed underground continuous wall trench space, reducing the impact of these debris on the current drilling equipment.

[0037] The implementation principle of the rock drill of the rock drill with a square hole according to an embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0038] In the trenching process of the underground wall, the drill is used to drill holes. Since the cross section of the hole formed by the drill is square, in the process of directional drilling in sequence, there are almost no obvious residual tooth edges on the trench wall of the underground continuous wall trench formed as a whole, and there is no need for additional processes such as cross repair.

[0039] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, but do not limit the protection scope of the present application, so that: any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A square hole forming hammer drill, comprising a drill rod (2), a percussion hammer head (4) and a driving mechanism (3), the percussion hammer head (4) is located at one end of the drill rod (2) and both slide relative to each other, the sliding direction is the length direction of the drill rod (2), the driving mechanism (3) is used for controlling the rotation of the drill rod (2) and the movement of the percussion hammer head (4) relative to the drill rod (2), the side of the percussion hammer head (4) away from the drill rod (2) abuts against the soil or rock layer, characterized in that: The projection of the impact hammer head (4) on the soil or rock layer in the moving direction of the drill rod (2) is rectangular; ​ Further comprising a base frame (1), one end of the base frame (1) is fixedly connected with a guide frame (12), the inner edge contour of the guide frame (12) is square, the cross section of the drill rod (2) and the impact hammer head (4) is a Luer triangle, the drill rod (2) comprises a guide rotor (21), the guide rotor (21) is located at one end away from the impact hammer head (4), and the edge arc radius of the cross section of the guide rotor (21) is equal to the side length of the inner edge contour of the guide frame (12), the side wall of the guide rotor (21) abuts against the inner edge side wall of the guide frame (12); The driving mechanism (3) comprises a driving motor (31) and a universal coupling (32), the driving motor (31) is fixedly connected with the base frame (1), one end of the universal coupling (32) is connected with the output shaft of the driving motor (31), and the other end is connected with the center point of the guide rotor (21); The driving mechanism (3) comprises a booster air pipe (33), one end of the booster air pipe (33) is connected with an air source, the other end is fixedly connected with the guide frame (12) and the pipe opening of this end is located on the inner side wall of the guide frame (12), in the projection along the length direction of the drill rod (2), the pipe opening of the booster air pipe (33) towards the inner side of the guide frame (12) is oriented in the same direction as the output shaft of the driving motor (31).

2. A down-the-hole hammer drill apparatus for forming a square hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: A power airflow channel (24) is arranged in the drill rod (2), one end of the drill rod (2) towards the impact hammer head (4) is provided with a containing cavity (231), the side of the impact hammer head (4) away from the ground extends into the containing cavity (231), one end of the power airflow channel (24) is in communication with the containing cavity (231), the end port of the power airflow channel (24) away from the containing cavity (231) is located in the guide frame (12), a gas guide pipe (232) and a shock piston (233) are arranged in the containing cavity (231), the gas guide pipe (232) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the containing cavity (231) and is in communication with the power airflow channel (24) and the containing cavity (231) at the same time, the shock piston (233) slides in the containing cavity (231), a pressure relief hole (41) is arranged on the impact hammer head (4), one end of the pressure relief hole (41) is located on the side of the impact hammer head (4) towards the ground, and the other end is in communication with the containing cavity (231).

3. A down-the-hole hammer drill apparatus for forming a square hole according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ports of the power airflow channel (24) located in the guide frame (12) are three and are respectively located on the three side walls of the guide rotor (21), a one-way valve (25) is arranged on the guide rotor (21) and located in the power airflow channel (24).

4. A down-the-hole hammer drill apparatus for forming a square hole according to claim 3, characterized in that: The one-way valve (25) comprises a mounting seat (251), a reset tension spring (252) and a movable ball (253), the mounting seat (251) is detachably connected to the guide rotor (21) and located at the port of the power airflow channel (24), one end of the reset tension spring (252) is connected to the mounting seat (251), the other end is connected to the movable ball (253), and the movable ball (253) is located in the power airflow channel (24).

5. A down-the-hole hammer drill apparatus for forming a square hole according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impact hammer head (4) is fixedly connected with a plurality of hard ball teeth (42) at one end thereof towards the ground, the hard ball teeth (42) are provided with sand blowing holes (421), and the sand blowing holes (421) are communicated with the pressure relief holes (41).

6. A down-the-hole hammer drill apparatus for forming a square hole according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drill rod (2) further comprises a soil sweeping part (22) and a containing part (23), the containing cavity (231) is located on the containing part (23), the soil sweeping part (22) is located between the guide rotor (21) and the containing part (23), the cross-sectional projection of the soil sweeping part (22) is smaller than that of the containing part (23), a plurality of soil sweeping teeth (221) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the soil sweeping part (22), gaps are formed between adjacent soil sweeping teeth (221), and in the projection along the length direction of the drill rod (2), the end of the soil sweeping tooth (221) is located at the edge of the containing part (23).

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