Air hammer piston, guide air hammer and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides an air hammer piston, a guide type air hammer and application thereof, wherein the guide type air hammer comprises an upper joint, a shell, a gas distribution seat, a driving sleeve, a rotating rod, a first guide sleeve, a piston and a second guide sleeve, the upper joint is connected to the shell; the gas distribution seat is arranged in the shell and is provided with a plurality of first gas holes; the driving sleeve is arranged in the shell and is fixedly connected to the gas distribution seat at the upper end, a gap is formed between the outer wall of the driving sleeve and the inner wall of the shell; the rotating rod is arranged in the gas distribution seat, the first guide sleeve and the piston and can rotate and reciprocate up and down with the first guide sleeve and the piston; the piston is arranged in the driving sleeve and is sleeved on the first guide sleeve, a plurality of spiral gas guide grooves are formed in the outer wall of the piston, gas can enter the lower part of the piston through the spiral gas guide grooves, and the second guide sleeve is arranged in the shell and is sleeved on the lower end of the piston and can rotate around the axis with the piston. The piston of the application is provided with the spiral gas guide grooves, so that the piston can keep stable during rotation and avoid shaking and deviation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of air hammer for oil and gas drilling and mining, in particular to an air hammer piston, a guide type air hammer and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The air hammer applied in the field of oil and gas drilling and mining drives the piston to move back and forth to make the drill bit move back and forth to perform drilling and mining operation by compressing air to affect the piston inside. However, the existing piston needs to guide the injected air through the piston inside the air hammer when the piston is driven to move back and forth by air flow. Generally, the teeth grooves of the guide sleeve key are engaged every interval of the tooth block, so that a tooth groove is left for air guiding. However, this will cause incomplete connection of the piston or drill bit and the guide sleeve, which reduces the transmission. Meanwhile, the ordinary axial air guide groove on the side wall of the piston cannot be fully contacted with the inner wall of the cylinder, which will cause clearance when the piston rotates, so that the piston will shake during movement. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to solve at least one of the above deficiencies in the prior art. For example, one of the purposes of the present application is to provide an air hammer piston, a guide type air hammer and application thereof, which solves the problem that the spiral air guide groove of the air hammer piston is likely to shake during rotation due to incomplete contact, and the incomplete engagement of the piston and the drill bit with the guide sleeve when they are connected due to the need to leave a tooth groove for air passage, thereby reducing the transmission.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a guide type air hammer, which comprises an upper joint, a shell, a gas distribution seat, a drive sleeve, a rotating rod, a first guide sleeve, a piston and a second guide sleeve. The upper joint is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shell. The gas distribution seat is arranged in the shell and abuts against the lower end of the upper joint at the upper end. The gas distribution seat is provided with a plurality of first gas holes. The drive sleeve is arranged in the shell and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the gas distribution seat at the upper end. A gap is formed between the outer wall of the drive sleeve and the inner wall of the shell. The upper end of the rotating rod is arranged in the gas distribution seat and the lower end is arranged in the first guide sleeve and the piston. The rotating rod can rotate around the axis together with the first guide sleeve and the piston and move up and down along the axial direction. The upper end of the piston is arranged in the drive sleeve and is fixed radially relative to the drive sleeve. The piston is sleeved on the first guide sleeve and is fixedly connected to the first guide sleeve. A plurality of spiral air guide grooves are arranged on the outer wall of the piston. The inner cavity of the upper joint, the first gas holes, the gap between the outer wall of the drive sleeve and the inner wall of the shell and the spiral air guide grooves can be communicated with each other. The gas can enter the lower part of the piston through the spiral air guide grooves. The second guide sleeve is arranged in the shell and is sleeved on the lower end of the piston. The second guide sleeve can rotate around the axis together with the piston.

[0005] Optionally, a guide plate can be arranged along the edge of the spiral air guide groove, and the guide plate is slidably connected to the side wall of the spiral air guide groove through a sliding connection assembly, and the guide plate can slide towards the side wall of the spiral air guide groove under the action of the air flow and return to the initial position after the air flow stops.

[0006] Optionally, the sliding connection assembly can include a plurality of sliding plates, sliding grooves and elastic members, the sliding grooves are arranged on the side wall of the spiral air guide groove, the elastic members are arranged in the sliding grooves, the sliding plates are fixedly connected to the elastic members, the guide plate is fixedly connected to the sliding plates, the guide plate can compress the elastic members to insert the sliding plates into the sliding grooves, and the elastic members can rebound to move part of the sliding plates out of the sliding grooves to return the guide plate to the initial position.

[0007] Optionally, a plurality of fitting grooves can be arranged on the side wall of the spiral air guide groove, and at least one guide member is arranged in each fitting groove, and each guide member can rotate around the axis of the guide member under the action of the air flow in the fitting groove.

[0008] Optionally, a plurality of radial grooves can be arranged on the side wall of the guide member in the radial direction, and the radial grooves are distributed in the circumferential direction on the side wall of the guide member, and the air flow can flow into the radial grooves to drive the guide member to rotate around the axis of the guide member.

[0009] Optionally, a turnover plate can be arranged on the side of the guide plate opposite to the guide member, and the turnover plate is rotatably connected to the guide plate, and the turnover plate can rotate away from the guide member when the guide plate approaches the guide member to avoid the interference of the guide plate on the rotating guide member.

[0010] Optionally, a first outer tooth surface can be arranged on the outer wall of the rotating rod, a first inner tooth surface can be arranged on the inner wall of the first guide sleeve, the first outer tooth surface and the first inner tooth surface are matched to enable the first guide sleeve to drive the rotating rod to rotate around the axis, and a second outer tooth surface can be arranged on the lower end of the outer wall of the piston, a second inner tooth surface can be arranged on the upper end of the inner wall of the second guide sleeve, and the second outer tooth surface and the second inner tooth surface are matched to enable the piston to drive the second guide sleeve to rotate around the axis.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of second air holes can be arranged in the side wall of the first guide sleeve in the up-down direction, and a plurality of third air holes can be arranged in the side wall of the second guide sleeve in the up-down direction, and the third air holes can guide the air flow out of the spiral air guide groove downwards.

[0012] Optionally, the air hammer further comprises a drill head, a third outer tooth surface is formed on an upper end of an outer wall of the drill head, a third inner tooth surface is formed on a lower end of an inner wall of the second guide sleeve, the third outer tooth surface is matched with the third inner tooth surface, and the second guide sleeve can drive the drill head to rotate around the axis.

[0013] In another aspect, the application provides an air hammer piston, an outer wall of the piston is provided with a plurality of spiral air guide grooves, edges of the spiral air guide grooves are provided with air guide plates, the air guide plates are connected with side walls of the spiral air guide grooves through sliding connection assemblies, and the air guide plates can slide towards the side walls of the spiral air guide grooves under the action of air flow and return to initial positions after air flow stops.

[0014] Optionally, the sliding connection assemblies can comprise a plurality of sliding plates, sliding grooves and elastic members, the sliding grooves are formed on the side walls of the spiral air guide grooves, the elastic members are arranged in the sliding grooves, the sliding plates are fixedly connected with the elastic members, the air guide plates are fixedly connected with the sliding plates, the air guide plates can compress the elastic members to insert the sliding plates into the sliding grooves, and the elastic members can rebound to move a part of the sliding plates out of the sliding grooves to return the air guide plates to the initial positions.

[0015] Optionally, a plurality of fitting grooves can be formed on the side walls of the spiral air guide grooves, and at least one air guide member is arranged in each fitting groove, and each air guide member can rotate around an axis of the air guide member under the action of air flow in the fitting groove.

[0016] Optionally, a plurality of radial grooves can be formed on side walls of the air guide members in a radial direction, and the radial grooves are distributed in a circumferential direction on the side walls of the air guide members, and air flow can flow into the radial grooves to drive the air guide members to rotate around the axes of the air guide members.

[0017] Optionally, a turnover plate can be arranged at a position opposite to the air guide member relative to the air guide plate, the turnover plate is rotationally connected with the air guide plate, and the turnover plate can rotate away from the air guide member when the air guide plate approaches the air guide member, so that the air guide member in rotation is prevented from being interfered by the air guide plate.

[0018] In still another aspect, the application provides an application of the guide type air hammer as described above in drilling and mining operations.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects at least one of which is included:

[0020] 1. The application sets the air hole in the side wall of the guide sleeve, so that the air guide channel through the guide sleeve does not affect the tooth surface connection between the piston, the rotating rod and the guide sleeve, so that the outer wall of the piston and the rotating rod can be completely matched with the inner wall of the guide sleeve during air guiding, avoiding the incomplete connection between the piston, the rotating rod and the guide sleeve due to the need to reserve an air guide channel every interval tooth groove for air guiding, which reduces the transmission.

[0021] 2. The piston of the application is also provided with a spiral air guide groove, which can tightly match the inner wall of the driving sleeve around the piston during air guiding, so that the piston remains stable in the radial direction during rotation, avoiding the radial shaking and left-right deviation in the driving sleeve.

[0022] 3. The spiral air guide groove on the piston of the application is also provided with an arc-shaped air guide plate, which can be pressed to shrink and slide towards the side wall of the spiral air guide groove when the airflow flows through the spiral air guide groove, so that the space in the spiral air guide groove is expanded, allowing more and faster airflow to flow through the spiral air guide groove, thereby avoiding the slow airflow in the spiral air guide groove due to limited space, which cannot timely flow through the accumulated gas in the spiral air guide groove, causing backflow of the airflow, increase of the air pressure and affecting the rotation and reciprocating motion of the piston. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and other objects and / or characteristics of the present application will become more apparent from the following description with reference to the attached drawings, wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 The overall structure of the guide type air hammer of the exemplary embodiment 1 of the application is shown.

[0025] Figure 2 The partial structure of the guide type air hammer of the exemplary embodiment 1 of the application is shown.

[0026] Figure 3 The perspective assembly drawing of the rotating rod, the piston and the first and second guide sleeves in the guide type air hammer of the exemplary embodiment 1 of the application is shown.

[0027] Figure 4 The Figure 3 enlarged view of A in FIG.

[0028] Figure 5 The perspective assembly drawing of the rotating rod, the piston and the first and second guide sleeves in the guide type air hammer of the exemplary embodiment 1 of the application is shown.

[0029] Figure 6A perspective exploded view of the second guide sleeve and drill bit in the guided air hammer of the exemplary embodiment 1 of the present application is shown.

[0030] Legend of reference signs:

[0031] 1 - housing, 2 - upper joint, 3 - air flow valve, 4 - air distribution seat, 41 - first air hole, 5 - driving sleeve, 6 - rotating rod, 61 - first outer tooth surface, 7 - first guide sleeve, 71 - first inner tooth surface, 72 - second air hole, 8 - piston, 81 - spiral air guide groove, 811 - fitting groove, 82 - air guide plate, 83 - sliding connection assembly, 831 - sliding groove, 832 - sliding plate, 84 - turnover plate, 85 - air guide piece, 851 - radial groove, 86 - second outer tooth surface, 9 - second guide sleeve, 91 - second inner tooth surface, 92 - third inner tooth surface, 93 - third air hole, 10 - drill bit, 101 - third outer tooth surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Hereinafter, an air hammer piston, a guided air hammer and application thereof according to the present application will be described in detail in conjunction with exemplary embodiments.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0034] The terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the term "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] The air hammer applied in the field of oil and gas drilling and mining is used for driving the piston to reciprocate by compressing air to affect the piston, so as to drive the piston to reciprocate to make the drill bit reciprocate to perform drilling and mining operation. However, when the piston reciprocates driven by the air flow, the air injected into the air hammer needs to be guided by the piston in the air hammer. Usually, every interval tooth block in the tooth groove of the guide sleeve key is engaged, so that a tooth groove is left for air guiding. However, this will cause incomplete connection of the piston or the drill bit and the guide sleeve, which will reduce the transmission. Meanwhile, the ordinary axial air guide groove on the side wall of the piston will not be fully contacted with the inner wall of the cylinder, and will produce a gap when the piston rotates, so that the piston will shake during the activity.

[0037] Therefore, the air hammer piston, the guide type air hammer and the application thereof are provided. The guide type air hammer comprises an upper joint, a shell, a gas distribution seat, a driving sleeve, a rotating rod, a first guide sleeve, a piston and a second guide sleeve. The upper joint is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shell. The gas distribution seat is arranged in the shell and abuts against the lower end of the upper joint. The gas distribution seat is provided with a plurality of first gas holes. The driving sleeve is arranged in the shell and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the gas distribution seat. A gap is formed between the outer wall of the driving sleeve and the inner wall of the shell. The upper end of the rotating rod is arranged in the gas distribution seat and the lower end is arranged in the first guide sleeve and the piston. The rotating rod can rotate around the axis together with the first guide sleeve and the piston and reciprocate along the axial direction. The upper end of the piston is arranged in the driving sleeve and is fixed radially relative to the driving sleeve. The piston is sleeved on the first guide sleeve and is fixedly connected to the first guide sleeve. A plurality of spiral air guide grooves are arranged on the outer wall of the piston. The inner cavity of the upper joint, the first gas holes, the gap between the outer wall of the driving sleeve and the inner wall of the shell and the spiral air guide grooves can be communicated with each other. The gas can enter the lower part of the piston through the spiral air guide grooves. The second guide sleeve is arranged in the shell and is sleeved on the lower end of the piston and can rotate around the axis together with the piston.

[0038] The spiral air guide grooves are arranged on the piston. When the air is guided, the outer wall of the piston can be closely attached to the inner wall of the driving sleeve, so that the piston can be stable in the radial direction when rotating and moving, and the piston can not be shifted left and right in the radial direction in the driving sleeve.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] The present example provides a guide type air hammer.

[0041] Figure 1 The overall structure of the guide type air hammer of the present example is shown in the cross-sectional view, Figure 2 The partial structure of the guide type air hammer of the present example is shown in the cross-sectional view, Figure 3This illustration shows a three-dimensional assembly view of the rotating rod, piston, and first and second guide sleeves in a guide-type air hammer according to exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 4 It shows Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle. Figure 5 An exploded perspective view of the rotating rod, piston, and first and second guide sleeves in the guide air hammer of exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown. Figure 6 An exploded perspective view of the second guide sleeve and the drill bit in the guide air hammer of exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the exemplary embodiment, the guided air hammer includes a housing 1, an upper connector 2, an airflow valve 3, an air distribution seat 4, a drive sleeve 5, a rotating rod 6, a first guide sleeve 7, a piston 8, a second guide sleeve 9, and a drill bit 10. The upper connector 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing 1 via a threaded connection. The air distribution seat 4 passes through the housing 1, with its upper end abutting against the lower end of the upper connector 2. The drive sleeve 5 passes through the housing 1, with its upper end abutting against the lower end of the air distribution seat 4. The first guide sleeve 7 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the inner wall of the piston 8 via an expansion joint. The upper end of the rotating rod 6 passes through the air distribution seat 4 and is connected to the lower end of the airflow valve 3. The lower end of the rotating rod 6 passes through the first guide sleeve 7 and the piston 8. The second guide sleeve 9... The guide sleeve 9 is inserted into the outer shell 1. The lower end of the piston 8 is inserted into the second guide sleeve 9, and the upper end of the drill bit 10 is inserted into the second guide sleeve 9. The piston 8 can rotate around the axis in the outer shell 1 under the drive of the high-pressure airflow and move up and down along the axis. At the same time, it drives the rotating rod 6, the first guide sleeve 7, the second guide sleeve 9, and the drill bit 10 to rotate around the axis together, and drive the rotating rod 6, the first guide sleeve 7, and the drill bit 10 to move up and down along the axis together. Thus, drilling and mining operations are carried out by relying on the axial reciprocating motion of the drill bit 10. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The upper connector 2 and the outer shell 1 can also be connected by other fixed connection methods such as bolts, screws, or riveting. The first guide sleeve 7 and the piston 8 can also be connected by other fixed connection methods such as threaded connection.

[0043] In this embodiment, the upper connector 2 has a through-hole cavity for gas flow. The inner diameter at the lower end of the upper connector 2 is larger than the inner diameter at the upper end. Therefore, a step is formed on the inner wall of the upper connector 2. The upper end of the airflow valve 3 can abut against the step to prevent airflow in the cavity, or it can move away from the step to allow airflow in the cavity. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The airflow valve 3 and the inner wall of the upper connector 2 can also cooperate in other ways, as long as the function of opening and closing the inner cavity of the upper connector 2 can be realized.

[0044] In the embodiment, the gas distribution seat 4 is provided with four first gas holes 41 penetrating through the gas distribution seat 4 from top to bottom. The first gas holes 41 extend axially downward from the top end of the gas distribution seat 4 by a certain distance, and then extend radially to the outer wall of the gas distribution seat 4 by a certain distance until penetrating through the outer wall of the gas distribution seat 4. That is, the upper and lower ends of the first gas holes 41 penetrate through the upper surface and the outer wall of the gas distribution seat 4, respectively, so as to connect the inner cavity of the upper joint 2 with the outside of the outer wall of the gas distribution seat 4. However, the number of the first gas holes 41 provided in the side wall of the gas distribution seat 4 can also be other positive integers other than four, and the penetration manner is not limited to axial and radial penetration, as long as the inner cavity of the upper joint 2 can be connected with the outside of the outer wall of the gas distribution seat 4.

[0045] In the embodiment, the driving sleeve 5 is arranged in the shell 1, and the upper end of the driving sleeve 5 abuts against the lower end of the gas distribution seat 4. A gap is formed between the outer wall of the driving sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the shell 1, and the gap is connected with the first gas holes 41 on the gas distribution seat 4. That is, the gas can flow into the gap between the outer wall of the driving sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the shell 1 through the first gas holes 41 on the gas distribution seat 4. The side hole penetrating through the inner and outer sides of the driving sleeve 5 is also provided at the lower end of the side wall of the driving sleeve 5, and the gas can flow into the inner cavity of the driving sleeve 5 through the side hole from the gap between the outer wall of the driving sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the shell 1.

[0046] In the embodiment, the outer wall of the piston 8 is provided with five spiral gas guide grooves 81. Each spiral gas guide groove 81 is a groove concave to the radial direction of the piston 8, and each spiral gas guide groove 81 extends axially and circumferentially on the outer wall of the piston 8. That is, each spiral gas guide groove 81 is arranged spirally on the outer wall of the piston 8. Each spiral gas guide groove 81 can be connected with the gap between the outer wall of the driving sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the shell 1. That is, the gas can flow into the spiral gas guide groove 81 through the side hole on the driving sleeve 5 from the gap between the outer wall of the driving sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the shell 1, so as to drive the piston 8 to rotate circumferentially around the axis and reciprocate axially. However, the number of the spiral gas guide grooves 81 provided on the outer wall of the piston 8 can also be other positive integers other than five, and the shape of the spiral gas guide grooves 81 is not limited to spiral, as long as the gas flow can be introduced into the spiral gas guide grooves 81 and the piston 8 can rotate circumferentially and reciprocate axially under the driving of the gas flow.

[0047] Further, the edge of the spiral air guide groove 81 (i.e. the side wall of the spiral air guide groove 81) is provided with an air guide plate 82, the plate surface of the air guide plate 82 is arc-shaped structure, the air guide plate 82 surrounds the edge of the spiral air guide groove 81, the air guide plate 82 is connected with the side wall of the spiral air guide groove 81 through a sliding connection assembly 83, so that the air guide plate 82 can slide towards the side wall of the spiral air guide groove 81 under the action of the airflow, thereby expanding the internal space of the spiral air guide groove 81, increasing the flow rate of the airflow in the spiral air guide groove 81, avoiding the accumulation of gas in the spiral air guide groove 81 and unable to flow out in time, in addition, due to the arc-shaped plate surface design of the air guide plate 82, the flow effect of the airflow can be further improved, the airflow can flow out of the spiral air guide groove 81 faster, and when the airflow in the spiral air guide groove 81 stops flowing, the air guide plate 82 can be driven by the sliding connection assembly 83 to return to the initial position, but the present application is not limited to this, the plate surface of the air guide plate 82 can also be designed as a flat plate, concave-convex or other types of structure, and the air guide plate 82 can also be provided only at part of the edge of the spiral air guide groove 81, as long as the function of accelerating the flow rate of the gas in the spiral air guide groove 81 and avoiding the accumulation of gas in the spiral air guide groove 81 can be achieved.

[0048] Further, the sliding connection assembly 83 can include a sliding groove 831, a sliding plate 832 and an elastic member (not shown in the figure), wherein the sliding groove 831 is opened on the side wall of the spiral air guide groove 81 and is arranged around the edge of the spiral air guide groove 81, a plurality of elastic members are arranged in the sliding groove 831, the elastic member is a spring, one end of the sliding plate 832 is inserted into the sliding groove 831 and is integrally connected with the spring, the other end is integrally connected with the air guide plate 82, and the sliding plate 832 is also arranged around the edge of the spiral air guide groove 81, under the action of the airflow, the air guide plate 82 can compress the spring to insert the sliding plate 832 into the sliding groove 831, when the airflow stops flowing, the spring can rebound to push part of the sliding plate 832 out of the sliding groove 831, and at the same time, the air guide plate 82 is pushed to return to the initial position, but the present application is not limited to this, the sliding groove 831 can also be segmented on the edge of the spiral air guide groove 81 to form a plurality of sliding grooves, the number is not limited, the number of sliding plates 832 corresponds to the number of sliding grooves 831, and the connection mode of the inner and outer ends of the sliding plate 832 with the spring and the air guide plate 82 can be welding, bonding or other types, the number of elastic members in the sliding groove 831 can be any number, and the form of the elastic member can be other types besides the spring.

[0049] Further, a plurality of embedded grooves 811 are formed on the side wall of the spiral air guide groove 81, and an air guide piece 85 is installed in each embedded groove 811. The air guide piece 85 is in a cylindrical structure and is installed in the embedded groove 811 through a connecting shaft penetrating through the upper and lower ends. A plurality of radial grooves 851 are formed on the outer wall of the air guide piece 85 and are distributed in the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the air guide piece 85. The airflow can enter the radial grooves 851 to drive the air guide piece 85 to rotate around its axis. The rotation of the air guide piece 85 can guide the surrounding airflow to form an airflow vortex to increase the flow rate of the airflow, further avoid the accumulation of airflow in the spiral air guide groove 81 to form a backflow, and affect the movement of the piston 8. However, the present application is not limited to this. The number of embedded grooves 811 and air guide pieces 85 can be any number. The number of air guide pieces 85 installed in each embedded groove 811 can also be any number. The number of radial grooves 851 formed on the air guide piece 85 can also be any number. The shape of the air guide piece 85 can also be other shapes besides a cylindrical shape.

[0050] Further, a plurality of turnover plates 84 are installed at positions opposite to the air guide pieces 85 on the air guide plate 82. The number of turnover plates 84 can be the same as and correspond to the number of embedded grooves 811. The turnover plate 84 is rotationally connected to the air guide plate 82 through a hinge, so that the turnover plate 84 can be turned around its connection with the air guide plate 82. When the airflow drives the air guide plate 82 to slide towards the side wall of the spiral air guide groove 81, the air guide plate 82 can gradually approach and abut against the air guide piece 85. When the air guide plate 82 approaches the air guide piece 85, the turnover plate 84 can be turned away from the air guide piece 85, so that the air guide piece 85 is exposed from the opening position of the air guide plate 82 and rotates under the driving of the airflow without being interfered by the air guide plate 82. However, the present application is not limited to this. The connection between the turnover plate 84 and the air guide plate 82 is not limited to a hinge, as long as the turnover plate 84 can be turned around its connection with the air guide plate 82.

[0051] In the present embodiment, a first outer tooth surface 61 is formed on the outer wall of the rotating rod 6, and a first inner tooth surface 71 is formed on the inner wall of the first guide sleeve 7. The first outer tooth surface 61 and the first inner tooth surface 71 can cooperate with each other, that is, the first guide sleeve 7 and the rotating rod 6 can be connected through tooth surfaces. When the rotating rod 6 and the first guide sleeve 7 are assembled together, the first guide sleeve 7 can drive the rotating rod 6 to rotate around the axis through the cooperation of the inner and outer tooth surfaces. The inner wall of the first guide sleeve 7 and the outer wall of the rotating rod 6 are closely fitted due to the cooperation of the tooth surfaces, so that the rotating rod 6 and the first guide sleeve 7 are fixed in the radial and circumferential directions. However, the present application is not limited to this. The rotating rod 6 and the first guide sleeve 7 can also be connected through other fixed connection methods such as expansion, threaded connection, etc.

[0052] Further, the side wall of the first guide sleeve 7 is provided with 11 second air holes 72 penetrating from top to bottom, and the 11 second air holes 72 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the side wall of the first guide sleeve 7, the second air holes 72 can connect the space above and below the first guide sleeve 7, so that the gas can flow from above to below, but the present application is not limited to this, the number of second air holes 72 can also be other positive integers except 11, and the second air holes 72 can also be non-uniformly distributed along the circumference of the side wall of the first guide sleeve 7.

[0053] In the embodiment, the outer wall of the lower end of the piston 8 is provided with a second outer tooth surface 86, and the inner wall of the upper end of the second guide sleeve 9 is provided with a second inner tooth surface 91, the second outer tooth surface 86 and the second inner tooth surface 91 can cooperate with each other, that is, the second guide sleeve 9 and the piston 8 can be connected by tooth surface cooperation, when the piston 8 and the second guide sleeve 9 are assembled together, the piston 8 can drive the second guide sleeve 9 to rotate together around the axis by the cooperation of the inner and outer tooth surfaces, and the inner wall of the second guide sleeve 9 and the outer wall of the piston 8 are more closely fitted due to the cooperation of the tooth surfaces, so that the piston 8 and the second guide sleeve 9 are fixed in the radial and circumferential directions, but the present application is not limited to this, the piston 8 and the second guide sleeve 9 can also be connected by other fixed connection modes such as expansion connection and threaded connection.

[0054] Further, the side wall of the second guide sleeve 9 is provided with 11 third air holes 93 penetrating from top to bottom, and the 11 third air holes 93 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the side wall of the second guide sleeve 9, the third air holes 93 can connect the space above and below the second guide sleeve 9, so that the gas can flow from above to below, but the present application is not limited to this, the number of third air holes 93 can also be other positive integers except 11, and the third air holes 93 can also be non-uniformly distributed along the circumference of the side wall of the second guide sleeve 9.

[0055] Further, the inner wall of the lower end of the second guide sleeve 9 is provided with a third inner tooth surface 92, and the outer wall of the upper end of the drill head 10 is provided with a third outer tooth surface 101, the third inner tooth surface 92 and the third outer tooth surface 101 can cooperate with each other, that is, the second guide sleeve 9 and the drill head 10 can be connected by tooth surface cooperation, when the drill head 10 and the second guide sleeve 9 are assembled together, the second guide sleeve 9 can drive the drill head 10 to rotate together around the axis by the cooperation of the inner and outer tooth surfaces, and the inner wall of the second guide sleeve 9 and the outer wall of the drill head 10 are more closely fitted due to the cooperation of the tooth surfaces, so that the drill head 10 and the second guide sleeve 9 are fixed in the radial and circumferential directions, but the present application is not limited to this, the drill head 10 and the second guide sleeve 9 can also be connected by other fixed connection modes such as expansion connection and threaded connection.

[0056] Further, the diameter of the second inner tooth surface 91 on the inner wall of the second guide sleeve 9 is smaller than the diameter of the third inner tooth surface 92, but the present application is not limited thereto, and the diameter of the second inner tooth surface 91 on the inner wall of the second guide sleeve 9 can also be greater than or equal to the diameter of the third inner tooth surface 92.

[0057] The working process of the guide air hammer described in the present exemplary embodiment is described in detail as follows:

[0058] The high-pressure gas enters the inner cavity of the upper joint 2 from the upper part of the upper joint 2. Under the action of high pressure, the upper end of the airflow valve 3 is pushed away from the stepped surface of the inner wall of the upper joint 2 and goes down, opening the inner cavity of the upper joint 2. The gas flows from the first gas hole 41 on the gas distribution seat 4 into the gap between the outer wall of the drive sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the outer shell 1, and then flows into the helical gas guide groove 81 on the outer wall of the piston 8 through the side hole on the drive sleeve 5. The guide plate 82 in the helical gas guide groove 81 can compress the elastic member to insert the sliding plate 832 into the sliding groove 831 under the pressure of the airflow, thereby expanding the gas guide space inside the helical gas guide groove 81, increasing the flow rate of the airflow in the helical gas guide groove 81, and improving the flow effect of the airflow. The airflow can flow out of the helical gas guide groove 81 more quickly, avoiding the accumulation of gas in the helical gas guide groove 81 and the failure to flow out in time. When the airflow stops flowing, the elastic member can rebound to push part of the sliding plate 832 out of the sliding groove 831, while pushing the guide plate 82 back to the initial position. The airflow can enter the radial groove 851 to drive the guide member 85 to rotate around its axis. The rotation of the guide member 85 can guide the surrounding airflow, generate an airflow vortex to accelerate the flow rate of the airflow, and further avoid the accumulation of airflow in the helical gas guide groove 81 to form a backflow, affecting the movement of the piston 8. After passing through the helical gas guide groove 81, the airflow can continue to flow downward and out of the guide air hammer along the third gas hole 93 on the second guide sleeve 9. The piston 8 can rotate circumferentially and reciprocate axially under the driving of the airflow, while driving the rotating rod 6, the first guide sleeve 7, the second guide sleeve 9, and the drill bit 10 to rotate around the axis together, and driving the rotating rod 6, the first guide sleeve 7, and the drill bit 10 to reciprocate axially, thereby relying on the axial reciprocating movement of the drill bit 10 to perform drilling and mining operations.

[0059] Exemplary Embodiment 2

[0060] The present exemplary embodiment provides an air hammer piston.

[0061] As Figures 1 to 6As shown in the figures, the outer wall of the air hammer piston of the present example embodiment is provided with five spiral air guide grooves 81, each of which is a groove recessed inward in the radial direction of the air hammer piston, and each of which extends along the axial and circumferential directions on the outer wall of the air hammer piston, that is, each of which is helically arranged on the outer wall of the air hammer piston. When the air hammer piston is assembled in the guided air hammer described in Example Embodiment 1, each of the spiral air guide grooves 81 can communicate with the gap between the outer wall of the drive sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the housing 1, that is, gas can flow into the spiral air guide grooves 81 through the side holes on the drive sleeve 5 along the gap between the outer wall of the drive sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the housing 1, thereby pushing the air hammer piston to rotate circumferentially around its axis and reciprocate axially up and down, but the present application is not limited thereto, and the number of spiral air guide grooves 81 provided on the outer wall of the air hammer piston can also be other positive integers other than five, and the shape of the spiral air guide grooves 81 is not limited to helical, as long as it can guide gas flow into it and make the air hammer piston rotate circumferentially and reciprocate axially under the push of the gas flow.

[0062] Further, a gas guide plate 82 is provided at the edge of the spiral air guide groove 81, that is, at the side wall of the spiral air guide groove 81, the plate surface of the gas guide plate 82 is arc-shaped, the gas guide plate 82 surrounds the edge of the spiral air guide groove 81, and the gas guide plate 82 is connected to the side wall of the spiral air guide groove 81 through a sliding connection assembly 83, so that the gas guide plate 82 can slide toward the side wall of the spiral air guide groove 81 under the drive of the gas flow, thereby expanding the internal space of the spiral air guide groove 81 and increasing the flow rate of the gas flow in the spiral air guide groove 81, avoiding the accumulation of gas in the spiral air guide groove 81 and the failure to flow out in time, in addition, due to the arc-shaped plate surface design of the gas guide plate 82, the flow effect of the gas flow can be further improved, and the gas flow can flow out of the spiral air guide groove 81 faster, and after the gas flow in the spiral air guide groove 81 stops flowing, the gas guide plate 82 can be restored to the initial position under the drive of the sliding connection assembly 83, but the present application is not limited thereto, and the plate surface of the gas guide plate 82 can also be designed as a flat plate, a concave-convex shape or other types of structures, and the gas guide plate 82 can also be provided only at part of the edge of the spiral air guide groove 81, as long as it can achieve the function of accelerating the gas flow rate in the spiral air guide groove 81 and avoiding the accumulation of gas in the spiral air guide groove 81.

[0063] Further, the sliding connection assembly 83 can include a sliding groove 831, a sliding plate 832 and elastic members (not shown in the figure), wherein the sliding groove 831 is formed on the side wall of the spiral air guide groove 81 and is arranged around the edge of the spiral air guide groove 81, a plurality of elastic members, i.e. springs, are arranged in the sliding groove 831, one end of the sliding plate 832 is inserted into the sliding groove 831 and is integrally connected with the springs, the other end is integrally connected with the air guide plate 82, and the sliding plate 832 is also arranged around the edge of the spiral air guide groove 81; under the driving of the airflow, the air guide plate 82 can compress the springs to insert the sliding plate 832 into the sliding groove 831, and when the airflow stops flowing, the springs can rebound to push part of the sliding plate 832 out of the sliding groove 831 and push the air guide plate 82 back to the initial position, but the present application is not limited to this, the sliding groove 831 can also be segmented and arranged on the edge of the spiral air guide groove 81, the number of segments is not limited, the number of sliding plates 832 corresponds to the number of sliding grooves 831, and the connection mode of the inner and outer ends of the sliding plate 832 with the springs and the air guide plate 82 can also be welding, bonding or other types, and the number of elastic members in the sliding groove 831 can also be any number, and the form of the elastic members can also be other types except springs.

[0064] Further, a plurality of fitting grooves 811 are formed on the side wall of the spiral air guide groove 81, and one air guide member 85 is installed in each fitting groove 811, the air guide member 85 is in a cylindrical structure and is installed in the fitting groove 811 through a connecting shaft penetrating the upper and lower ends, a plurality of radial grooves 851 are formed on the outer wall of the air guide member 85 and are distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the air guide member 85, the airflow can enter the radial grooves 851 to drive the air guide member 85 to rotate around its axis, the rotation of the air guide member 85 can guide the surrounding airflow, generate airflow vortex and accelerate the flow rate of the airflow, further avoid the accumulation of airflow in the spiral air guide groove 81 to form backflow and affect the movement of the air hammer piston, but the present application is not limited to this, the number of fitting grooves 811 and air guide members 85 can be any number, the number of air guide members 85 installed in each fitting groove 811 can also be any number, the number of radial grooves 851 formed on the air guide member 85 can also be any number, and the shape of the air guide member 85 can also be other shapes except cylindrical.

[0065] Further, a plurality of turnover plates 84 are installed on the air guide plate 82 at positions opposite to the air guide members 85. The number of the turnover plates 84 can be the same as that of the embedded grooves 811 and correspond to the embedded grooves 811 one by one. The turnover plates 84 are rotationally connected to the air guide plate 82 by hinges, so that the turnover plates 84 can be turned around the connection between the turnover plates 84 and the air guide plate 82. When the air guide plate 82 slides toward the side wall of the spiral air guide groove 81 under the action of the air flow, the air guide plate 82 can gradually approach and abut against the air guide members 85. When the air guide plate 82 approaches the air guide members 85, the turnover plates 84 can be turned away from the air guide members 85, so that the air guide members 85 are exposed from the opening position of the air guide plate 82 and rotated under the action of the air flow without being interfered by the air guide plate 82. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and the turnover plates 84 and the air guide plate 82 are not limited to be connected by the hinges, as long as the turnover plates 84 can be turned around the connection between the turnover plates 84 and the air guide plate 82.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] The present example embodiment provides an application of the air guide hammer described in example embodiment 1 in drilling and production operations.

[0068] As Figures 1 to 6As shown in the figure, high pressure gas enters the inner cavity of the upper joint 2 from the upper part of the upper joint 2, under the action of high pressure, the upper end of the gas flow valve 3 is pushed away from the stepped surface of the inner wall of the upper joint 2 and goes down, opening the inner cavity of the upper joint 2, the gas flows into the gap between the outer wall of the drive sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the outer shell 1 from the first gas hole 41 on the gas distribution seat 4, and then flows into the helical gas guide groove 81 on the outer wall of the piston 8 through the side hole on the drive sleeve 5. The gas guide plate 82 in the helical gas guide groove 81 can be compressed after being subjected to the pressure of the gas flow, so that the sliding plate 832 is inserted into the sliding groove 831, thereby expanding the gas guide space inside the helical gas guide groove 81, increasing the flow rate of the gas flow in the helical gas guide groove 81, improving the flow effect of the gas flow, and enabling the gas flow to flow out of the helical gas guide groove 81 more quickly, avoiding the accumulation of gas in the helical gas guide groove 81 and the failure to flow out in time. When the gas flow stops flowing, the elastic member can rebound to push part of the sliding plate 832 out of the sliding groove 831, while pushing the gas guide plate 82 back to the initial position. The gas flow can enter the radial groove 851 to drive the gas guide member 85 to rotate around its axis, and the rotation of the gas guide member 85 can guide the surrounding gas flow, generate a gas flow vortex to accelerate the flow rate of the gas flow, and further avoid the accumulation of gas flow in the helical gas guide groove 81 to form backflow, affecting the movement of the piston 8. After passing through the helical gas guide groove 81, the gas flow can continue to flow down and out of the guide air hammer along the third gas hole 93 on the second guide sleeve 9, and the piston 8 can rotate circumferentially and reciprocate axially under the action of the gas flow, while driving the rotating rod 6, the first guide sleeve 7, the second guide sleeve 9, and the drill bit 10 to rotate around the axis, and driving the rotating rod 6, the first guide sleeve 7, and the drill bit 10 to reciprocate axially, thereby relying on the axial reciprocating movement of the drill bit 10 to perform drilling and mining operations.

[0069] In summary, the application sets the air hole in the side wall of the guide sleeve, so that the air guide channel in the guide sleeve does not affect the tooth surface connection between the piston, the rotating rod and the guide sleeve, so that the outer wall of the piston and the rotating rod can be completely matched with the inner wall of the guide sleeve during the air guide process, avoiding the incomplete connection between the piston, the rotating rod and the guide sleeve due to the reserved air guide channel every interval tooth groove, which reduces the transmission; the piston of the application is also provided with a spiral air guide groove, which can be tightly matched with the inner wall of the driving sleeve around the piston during the air guide process, so that the piston can keep stable in the radial direction during the air guide and rotation, avoiding the radial shaking and left-right deviation in the driving sleeve; the spiral air guide groove of the piston is also provided with an arc air guide plate, which can be pressed to shrink and slide to the side wall of the spiral air guide groove when the air flow passes through the spiral air guide groove, so that the space in the spiral air guide groove is expanded, and the air flow can flow faster through the spiral air guide groove, thereby avoiding the slow air flow in the spiral air guide groove due to the limited space, which cannot timely flow and accumulate in the spiral air guide groove, causing air backflow, air pressure increase, affecting the rotation and reciprocating motion of the piston.

[0070] Although the application has been described above with reference to the example embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A guided air hammer characterized by, The air hammer comprises an upper joint, a shell, a gas distribution seat, a driving sleeve, a rotating rod, a first guide sleeve, a piston and a second guide sleeve, wherein The upper joint is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shell; The gas distribution seat is arranged in the shell, and the upper end of the gas distribution seat abuts against the lower end of the upper joint; the gas distribution seat is provided with a plurality of first gas holes; The driving sleeve is arranged in the shell, and the upper end of the driving sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower end of the gas distribution seat; a gap is formed between the outer wall of the driving sleeve and the inner wall of the shell; The upper end of the rotating rod is arranged in the gas distribution seat, and the lower end of the rotating rod is arranged in the first guide sleeve and the piston; the rotating rod can rotate around the axis together with the first guide sleeve and the piston while reciprocating along the axial direction; The upper end of the piston is arranged in the driving sleeve and is fixed radially relative to the driving sleeve; the piston is sleeved on the first guide sleeve and is fixedly connected to the first guide sleeve; a plurality of spiral gas guide grooves are formed in the outer wall of the piston; the inner cavity of the upper joint, the first gas holes, the gap between the outer wall of the driving sleeve and the inner wall of the shell and the spiral gas guide grooves can be communicated with each other; gas can enter the lower part of the piston through the spiral gas guide grooves; The second guide sleeve is arranged in the shell and is sleeved on the lower end of the piston; the second guide sleeve can rotate around the axis together with the piston; A gas guide plate is arranged along the edge of the spiral gas guide groove; the gas guide plate is slidably connected to the side wall of the spiral gas guide groove through a sliding connection assembly; the gas guide plate can slide towards the side wall of the spiral gas guide groove under the action of gas flow and return to the initial position after the gas flow stops; The sliding connection assembly comprises a plurality of sliding plates, sliding grooves and elastic members; the sliding grooves are formed in the side wall of the spiral gas guide groove; the elastic members are arranged in the sliding grooves; the sliding plates are fixedly connected to the elastic members; the gas guide plate is fixedly connected to the sliding plates; the gas guide plate can compress the elastic members to insert the sliding plates into the sliding grooves; the elastic members can rebound to move part of the sliding plates out of the sliding grooves to return the gas guide plate to the initial position; A plurality of fitting grooves are formed in the side wall of the spiral gas guide groove; at least one gas guide member is arranged in each fitting groove; each gas guide member can rotate around the axis of the gas guide member under the action of gas flow in the fitting groove.

2. The pilot air hammer of claim 1 wherein, A plurality of radial grooves are formed in the side wall of the gas guide member in the radial direction; the radial grooves are distributed in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the gas guide member; gas flow can flow into the radial grooves to drive the gas guide member to rotate around the axis thereof.

3. The pilot air hammer of claim 1 wherein, A turnover plate is arranged at the position opposite to the gas guide member relative to the gas guide plate; the turnover plate is rotatably connected to the gas guide plate; the turnover plate can rotate away from the gas guide member when the gas guide plate approaches the gas guide member to avoid the interference of the gas guide plate on the rotating gas guide member.

4. The pilot air hammer of claim 1 wherein, A first outer tooth surface is formed in the outer wall of the rotating rod; a first inner tooth surface is formed in the inner wall of the first guide sleeve; the first outer tooth surface cooperates with the first inner tooth surface to enable the first guide sleeve to drive the rotating rod to rotate around the axis together; A second outer tooth surface is formed in the lower end of the outer wall of the piston; a second inner tooth surface is formed in the upper end of the inner wall of the second guide sleeve; the second outer tooth surface cooperates with the second inner tooth surface to enable the piston to drive the second guide sleeve to rotate around the axis together.

5. The pilot air hammer of claim 1 wherein, The side wall of the first guide sleeve is provided with a plurality of second air holes penetrating up and down, and the side wall of the second guide sleeve is provided with a plurality of third air holes penetrating up and down, which can guide the gas flowing out of the spiral air guide groove downward.

6. The pilot air hammer of claim 1 wherein, The outer wall of the drill bit is provided with a third outer tooth surface at the upper end, the inner wall of the second guide sleeve is provided with a third inner tooth surface at the lower end, the third outer tooth surface cooperates with the third inner tooth surface, and the second guide sleeve can drive the drill bit to rotate around the axis.

7. An air hammer piston for use in the guided air hammer of claim 1, wherein, The outer wall of the piston is provided with a plurality of spiral air guide grooves, the edge of the spiral air guide groove is provided with a guide plate, the guide plate is connected with the side wall of the spiral air guide groove through a sliding connection assembly, and the guide plate can slide toward the side wall of the spiral air guide groove under the action of the gas flow and return to the initial position after the gas flow stops.

8. The air hammer piston of claim 7, wherein, The sliding connection assembly comprises a plurality of sliding plates, sliding grooves and elastic members, the sliding grooves are arranged on the side wall of the spiral air guide groove, the elastic members are arranged in the sliding grooves, the sliding plates are fixedly connected with the elastic members, the guide plate is fixedly connected with the sliding plates, the guide plate can compress the elastic members to insert the sliding plates into the sliding grooves, and the elastic members can rebound to move part of the sliding plates out of the sliding grooves to return the guide plate to the initial position.

9. The air hammer piston of claim 7, wherein, The side wall of the spiral air guide groove is provided with a plurality of embedding grooves, at least one guide member is arranged in each embedding groove, and each guide member can rotate around the axis of the guide member under the action of the gas flow in the embedding groove.

10. The air hammer piston of claim 9, wherein, The side wall of the guide member is provided with a plurality of radial grooves in the radial direction, the radial grooves are distributed in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the guide member, and the gas flow can flow into the radial grooves to drive the guide member to rotate around the axis.

11. The air hammer piston of claim 9, wherein, The guide plate is provided with a turnover plate opposite to the guide member, the turnover plate is rotationally connected with the guide plate, and the turnover plate can rotate away from the guide member when the guide plate approaches the guide member, so as to avoid the interference of the guide plate on the rotating guide member.

12. Application of the guide air hammer of any one of claims 1 to 6 in drilling and production operations.

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