Tunneling equipment and shaft construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunneling device and a shaft construction method. The tunneling device includes an excavating mechanism and a rotary drive mechanism, wherein the excavating mechanism is rotatably arranged in the shaft along its excavation direction. The excavating mechanism includes a rotary frame and a plurality of tunneling main machines detachably connected to the rotary frame. The rotary drive mechanism is located between the inner peripheral wall of the shaft and the rotary frame. The excavating mechanism can be rotatably arranged in the shaft under the drive of the rotary drive mechanism. The tunneling device described in the present invention addresses the problems faced in the construction of deep and large shafts, fully considers the manufacturability of large-scale mechanisms, and improves the maintainability and construction efficiency of the entire machine by providing a tunneling device that can be used for large-diameter shafts. At the same time, it adopts S-shaped stepped excavation to reduce the number of revolutions and tool wear, thereby improving construction efficiency and tool life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular to a tunneling device and a shaft construction method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing application of vertical shaft excavation technology in fields such as water conservancy, multi-story parking garages, and sewage treatment, the demand for deeper and larger shafts has increased. Currently, the primary method for vertical shaft construction remains traditional manual excavation, particularly for deep and large shafts. This traditional manual excavation method is inefficient, with a low degree of mechanization and automation. This leads to high safety risks and overall high construction costs throughout the construction process.

[0003] With the continuous development of shaft excavation technology, tunnel boring machines (TBMs) for shaft excavation are now available. However, for deep shafts with diameters exceeding 25 meters, the existing structure of shaft boring machines makes it difficult to excavate large-diameter shafts. The excavation process of deep and large shafts places high demands on the performance of the TBM, especially the slewing component of the entire machine. This requires relatively high machining and manufacturing precision of the slewing bearing and the mating surfaces of the components. Excavating large-diameter shafts with existing tunnel boring machines increases the manufacturing cost of the entire machine exponentially, and may even make it impossible to manufacture. Furthermore, the total-split pipeline transmission medium method used by existing TBMs increases with the number of pipelines, resulting in a continuous increase in pipe diameters until there are no matching pipelines or relay units. Furthermore, damage to the excavation system of a unit on the slewing assembly requires the entire machine to be lifted, resulting in reduced maintenance convenience and increased maintenance cycles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunneling device and a shaft construction method. In response to the problems faced in the construction of deep and large shafts, the manufacturability of large-scale mechanisms is fully considered. By providing a tunneling device suitable for large-diameter shafts, the maintainability of the entire machine and the overall construction efficiency of the project are improved.

[0005] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a tunneling device, comprising:

[0007] An excavation mechanism is rotatably disposed in the shaft along its excavation direction, the excavation mechanism comprising a rotary frame and a plurality of excavation main machines detachably connected to the rotary frame;

[0008] The rotary drive mechanism is located between the inner peripheral wall of the shaft and the rotary frame. The excavating mechanism is rotatably arranged in the shaft under the drive of the rotary drive mechanism.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotary drive mechanism includes a first drive structure capable of driving the excavating mechanism to rotate along a first rotary direction, and the first drive structure has:

[0010] a first fixed pulley assembly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the shaft;

[0011] A first movable pulley set is connected to an edge of the slewing frame;

[0012] A first traction cable has one end fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the shaft, and the other end passes around the first movable pulley block in the opposite direction of the first rotation direction, and then passes around the first fixed pulley block in the first rotation direction and extends to the wellhead.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotary drive mechanism further includes a second drive structure capable of driving the excavating mechanism to rotate along a second rotary direction, the second rotary direction being opposite to the first rotary direction, and the second drive structure has:

[0014] a second fixed pulley assembly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the shaft;

[0015] a second movable pulley set connected to a position on the slewing frame adjacent to the first movable pulley set;

[0016] A second traction cable has one end fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the shaft, and the other end passes around the second movable pulley set in the opposite direction of the second rotation direction, and then passes around the second fixed pulley set in the second rotation direction and extends to the wellhead.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tunneling main machine is detachably connected to the slewing frame through a slide box structure and a support leg structure that can be plugged in and connected along the tunneling direction, wherein the slide box structure is connected to the slewing frame and the support leg structure is connected to the tunneling main machine.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a guiding mechanism is provided between the sliding box structure and the support leg structure, and the guiding mechanism includes a guiding cable and a guiding movable structure cooperating with the guiding cable, wherein the guiding cable is connected to the sliding box structure, and the guiding movable structure is connected to the support leg structure.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rotary track is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the shaft, a plurality of vertical elastic support structures are evenly distributed on the upper end surface of the rotary track, and the lower end surface of the rotary frame cooperates with the plurality of vertical elastic supports.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of radial elastic support structures are evenly distributed on the inner side surface of the rotary track, and the outer side surface of the rotary frame cooperates with the plurality of radial elastic support structures.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tunneling equipment further comprises a first gantry crane movably arranged above the wellhead of the shaft, and the first gantry crane is provided with a plurality of main machine lifting mechanisms, the number of which is the same as the number of the plurality of tunneling main machines.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tunneling equipment also includes a traction and sinking mechanism, which has a plurality of lifting jacks arranged at the wellhead of the vertical shaft at intervals along the circumferential direction of the vertical shaft, and the inner circumferential wall of the vertical shaft is arranged with a pipe segment, the lower end of the pipe segment is connected to a blade foot, and the lifting jack is connected to the blade foot through a wire rope.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tunneling equipment further comprises a second gantry crane movably disposed above the shaft opening of the vertical shaft, and the second gantry crane is connected to at least one grab mechanism.

[0024] The present invention further provides a vertical shaft construction method, using the above-mentioned tunneling equipment, the vertical shaft construction method comprising:

[0025] Determining a first limit preset position of the excavating mechanism in a first rotation direction and a second limit preset position in a second rotation direction, and selecting n rotation positions including the first limit preset position and the second limit preset position between the first limit preset position and the second limit preset position, wherein the angles between two adjacent rotation positions are the same, the first limit preset position being the first rotation position, and the second limit preset position being the nth rotation position;

[0026] Starting the excavation mechanism and performing excavation along the second rotation direction, wherein the excavation mechanism performs excavation at odd rotation positions until rotating to the second preset limit position;

[0027] The excavation mechanism starts excavating along the first rotation direction from the second limit preset position, and the excavation mechanism excavates at even-numbered rotation positions until the excavation operation of the entire cross section is completed;

[0028] The final rotation position of the excavation mechanism in the current cross section is used as the starting rotation position of the next cross section, and the excavation operation of the next cross section is carried out according to the above method until the excavation operation of the entire shaft is completed.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following characteristics and advantages:

[0030] 1. The excavation mechanism of the present invention includes a rotary frame and multiple tunneling machines detachably connected to the rotary frame. By adjusting the length of the rotary frame and the number of tunneling machines, the excavation of vertical shafts of different diameters can be adapted. Vertical elastic supports and radial elastic supports are provided at both ends of the rotary frame, which reduces the precision of structural parts processing and manufacturing, lowers production costs, and has a better support effect when excavating large-diameter vertical shafts.

[0031] 2. The dynamic and static pulley structure realizes the large-diameter revolution of the excavating mechanism. The safety factor is based on the lifting industry standard, which improves the reliability of the equipment.

[0032] 3. Through intermittent revolution between the first and second limit preset positions, segmented rotation of the excavation surface, and S-shaped stepped excavation, the number of revolutions of the excavation mechanism and the wear of the tool are reduced, thereby improving construction efficiency and tool life;

[0033] 4. The excavating main machines of the present invention are independent of each other and can be lifted individually, which improves the maintainability and utilization rate of the whole machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 A top view of the tunneling equipment of the present invention during shaft construction;

[0036] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the tunneling equipment of the present invention during shaft construction;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first driving mechanism driving the excavating mechanism to be located at the first limit preset position of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the second driving mechanism of the present invention driving the excavating mechanism to be located at the second limit preset position;

[0040] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second fixed pulley assembly of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of section A of the tunneling equipment;

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the P-direction structure of the structure shown;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the tunneling host described in the present invention.

[0044] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0045] 10. Excavation mechanism; 11. Rotating frame; 12. Excavation mainframe; 121. Sliding box structure; 122. Leg structure; 13. Guide mechanism; 131. Guide rope; 132. Guide movable structure; 20. Rotary drive mechanism; 21. First drive structure; 211. First fixed pulley block; 212. First movable pulley block; 213. First traction cable; 22. Second drive structure; 221. Second fixed pulley block; 222. Second movable pulley block; 22 3. Second traction cable; 23. Redirecting wheel; 24. Fixed pulley; 25. Drum; 30. Rotating track; 40. Vertical elastic support; 50. Radial elastic support; 60. First gantry crane; 61. Main engine lifting mechanism; 62. Boom; 70. Traction and sinking mechanism; 71. Lifting jack; 72. Pipe joint; 73. Blade foot; 80. Second gantry crane; 90. Pipeline retraction and extension mechanism; M, first rotation direction; N, second rotation direction; X, excavation direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an element centered thereon. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an element centered thereon. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0049] Implementation Method 1

[0050] The present invention provides a tunneling device, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the excavation equipment includes:

[0051] An excavation mechanism 10 is rotatably disposed in the shaft along its excavation direction X. The excavation mechanism 10 includes a rotary frame 11 and a plurality of excavation machines 12 detachably connected to the rotary frame 11;

[0052] The rotary drive mechanism 20 is located between the inner peripheral wall of the shaft and the rotary frame 11 . The excavating mechanism 10 is driven by the rotary drive mechanism 20 so as to be rotatable in the shaft.

[0053] The excavation mechanism 10 of the present invention can adapt to the excavation of vertical shafts of different diameters by adjusting the diameter of the slewing frame 11 and the number of the tunneling machines 12, and is particularly suitable for the excavation of large-diameter vertical shafts with a diameter of more than 25 meters.

[0054] For details, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The slewing frame 11 inside the shaft is a large-diameter annular structure with multiple connecting beams internally connected to enhance structural strength. The slewing frame 11 can rotate circumferentially along the center of the shaft. Detachable excavation machines 12 are evenly connected along one diameter of the slewing frame 11. Each excavation machine 12 can rotate along its own center to achieve excavation within a certain range. In this embodiment, there are three excavation machines 12, located at the center and at both ends of a diameter of the slewing frame 11. When the excavation machines 12 are in operation, the slewing frame 11 is first fixed at a certain angle, and then each excavation machine 12 is activated to start excavation. The excavation machines 12 rotate themselves to achieve excavation within a certain range. When all the excavation machines 12 have completed excavation at a certain angle, the slewing frame 11 is rotated to another angle to achieve excavation at another angle, and this process continues until the excavation of the entire cross-section is completed.

[0055] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the rotary drive mechanism 20 includes a first drive structure 21 capable of driving the excavating mechanism 10 to rotate along a first rotary direction M. The first drive structure 21 has:

[0056] A first fixed pulley assembly 211 is connected to the inner wall of the shaft;

[0057] The first movable pulley set 212 is connected to the edge of the rotary frame 11;

[0058] One end of the first traction cable 213 is fixed to the inner wall of the shaft, and the other end thereof passes around the first movable pulley set 212 in the opposite direction of the first rotation direction M, and passes around the first fixed pulley set 211 in the first rotation direction M and then extends to the wellhead.

[0059] The first driving structure 21 can drive the rotary frame 11 to rotate in one direction (ie, the first rotation direction M) inside the shaft with the center of the shaft as the rotation axis, thereby enabling the excavation mechanism 10 to perform excavation operations at different positions in the shaft.

[0060] For details, please refer to Figure 3 The first driving structure 21 is arranged along the circumference of the shaft in the same plane as the excavation mechanism 10, and includes a first movable pulley group 212 fixed to the edge of the rotary frame 11, a first fixed pulley group 211 fixed to the peripheral wall of the shaft, and a first traction cable 213 passing through the first movable pulley group 212 and the first fixed pulley group 211. In this embodiment, the first movable pulley group 212 is located on the side of the tunneling machine 12 at the edge of the rotary frame 11; one end of the first traction cable 213 is fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the shaft, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown by the arrow in , the other end of the first traction cable 213 passes around the first movable pulley set 212 along the circumference of the shaft, then passes back to the first fixed pulley set 211 along the circumference of the shaft, and then extends to the wellhead through the first fixed pulley set 211 and is connected to the drive assembly at the wellhead. The drive assembly can pull and retract the first traction cable 213, thereby driving the first movable pulley set 212 to rotate along the circumference of the shaft, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the first driving structure 21 drives the excavating mechanism 10 to rotate in the counterclockwise direction of the shaft, that is, the first rotation direction M, through a certain angle, thereby achieving excavation operation at the angle.

[0061] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the rotary drive mechanism 20 further includes a second drive structure 22 capable of driving the excavating mechanism 10 to rotate along a second rotary direction N. The second rotary direction N is opposite to the first rotary direction M. The second drive structure 22 has:

[0062] A second fixed pulley assembly 221 is connected to the inner peripheral wall of the shaft;

[0063] A second movable pulley set 222 is connected to the rotary frame 11 at a position adjacent to the first movable pulley set 212;

[0064] One end of the second traction cable 223 is connected to the second fixed pulley set 221, and the other end of the second traction cable 223 passes through the second movable pulley set 222 in the opposite direction of the second rotation direction N, and then passes through the second fixed pulley set 221 in the second rotation direction N and extends to the wellhead.

[0065] The second driving structure 22 can drive the rotary frame 11 to rotate inside the shaft along the center of the shaft in a second rotation direction N opposite to the driving direction of the first driving structure 21, thereby enabling the excavation mechanism 10 to perform excavation operations at different angles inside the shaft.

[0066] For details, please refer to Figure 3 The second driving structure 22 is arranged along the circumference of the shaft in the same plane as the excavation mechanism 10, and includes a second movable pulley set 222 fixed to the rotary frame 11 at a position adjacent to the first movable pulley set 212, a second fixed pulley set 221 fixed to the peripheral wall of the shaft, and a second traction cable 223 passing between the second movable pulley set 222 and the second fixed pulley set 221; one end of the second traction cable 223 is fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the shaft, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown by the arrow in , the other end of the second traction cable 223 passes around the second movable pulley set 222 along the circumference of the shaft, then passes back to the second fixed pulley set 221 along the circumference of the shaft, and then extends to the wellhead through the second fixed pulley set 221 and is connected to the drive assembly at the wellhead. The drive assembly can pull and retract the second traction cable 223, thereby driving the movable pulley set to rotate along the circumference of the shaft, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the second driving structure 22 drives the excavating mechanism 10 to rotate along the clockwise direction of the shaft, that is, the second rotation direction N, through a certain angle, thereby achieving excavation operation at the angle.

[0067] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, the second fixed pulley assembly 221 includes a redirecting wheel 23, a fixed pulley 24, and a plurality of rollers 25. One end of the second traction cable 223 is fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the shaft, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown by the arrow in , the other end passes along the circumference of the shaft in sequence around the outer side of the roller 25 connected to the slewing frame 11, the second movable pulley set 222, the outer side of the roller 25 connected to the slewing frame 11, the outer side of the fixed pulley 24, the outer side of the roller 25 connected to the inner circumferential wall of the shaft, and the redirecting wheel 23, and is connected to the driving assembly at the shaft mouth. The structure and connection method of the first fixed pulley set 211 are the same as those of the second fixed pulley set 221, and will not be repeated here.

[0068] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7As shown, the tunneling main machine 12 is detachably connected to the slewing frame 11 through a slide box structure 121 and a support leg structure 122 that can be plugged in along the tunneling direction X, wherein the slide box structure 121 is connected to the slewing frame 11, and the support leg structure 122 is connected to the tunneling main machine 12.

[0069] Each tunneling main machine 12 is connected to the slewing frame 11 through a slide box structure 121 and a support leg structure 122. Since the slide box structure 121 and the support leg structure 122 can be plugged in and out along the tunneling direction X, each tunneling main machine 12 can be lifted up individually for maintenance, avoiding the need to lift the entire excavation mechanism 10 when maintaining the tunneling main machine 12, thereby improving the maintainability and utilization rate of the entire machine.

[0070] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 As shown, a guiding mechanism 13 is provided between the sliding box structure 121 and the support leg structure 122, and the guiding mechanism 13 includes a guiding rope 131 and a guiding movable structure 132 cooperating with the guiding rope 131, wherein the guiding rope 131 is connected to the sliding box structure 121, and the guiding movable structure 132 is connected to the support leg structure 122.

[0071] The bottom of the guide rope 131 is fixedly connected to the slide box structure 121, and the guide movable structure 132 on the support leg structure 122 is slidingly connected to the guide rope 131. When the tunneling main machine 12 needs to be installed underground, the tunneling main machine 12 follows the guide rope 131 to complete the docking of the slide box structure 121 and the support leg structure 122, thereby realizing the alignment connection between the tunneling main machine 12 and the rotary frame 11.

[0072] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, a rotary track 30 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the shaft, and a plurality of vertical elastic supports 40 are evenly distributed on the upper end surface of the rotary track 30 , and the lower end surface of the rotary frame 11 cooperates with the plurality of vertical elastic supports 40 .

[0073] The vertical elastic support 40 provided between the rotary frame 11 and the rotary track 30 can not only provide support for the rotary frame 11 in the vertical direction, but also the elastic structure reduces the precision of structural parts processing and manufacturing, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0074] Specifically, the vertical elastic support 40 is a roller fixed on the rotary track 30 and can be elastically adjusted in the vertical direction. The periphery of the lower end surface of the rotary frame 11 is mounted on the roller and can rotate with the rotation of the roller.

[0075] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown, multiple radial elastic supports 50 are evenly distributed on the inner side of the slewing track 30, and the outer side of the slewing frame 11 cooperates with the multiple radial elastic supports 50. The provision of radial elastic supports 50 between the slewing frame 11 and the inner peripheral wall of the shaft not only provides radial support for the slewing frame 11, but the elastic structure further reduces the precision of structural component processing and manufacturing, thereby reducing manufacturing costs.

[0076] Specifically, the radial elastic support 50 is a roller fixed on the rotary track 30 and elastically adjustable along the radial direction of the rotary frame 11. The side of the rotary frame 11 is in contact with the roller and can rotate with the rotation of the roller.

[0077] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the tunneling equipment further includes a first gantry crane 60 movably arranged above the shaft opening of the vertical shaft, and the first gantry crane 60 is provided with a plurality of mainframe lifting mechanisms 61 having the same number as the plurality of tunneling mainframes 12 .

[0078] The main machine lifting mechanism 61 on the first gantry crane 60 can independently lift the tunneling main machine 12 that needs to be repaired, and at the same time can guide the tunneling main machine 12 to be lowered and connected with the rotary frame 11.

[0079] Specifically, the first gantry crane 60 spans the vertical shaft and is movably arranged above the shaft mouth, and its boom 62 is connected to multiple mainframe lifting mechanisms 61 for lifting the tunneling mainframe 12; in this embodiment, three mainframe lifting mechanisms 61 are connected to the boom 62, corresponding to the three tunneling mainframes 12 on the excavation mechanism 10; when the tunneling mainframe 12 needs to be inspected, the first gantry crane 60 is moved to the top of the shaft mouth, and the excavation mechanism 10 is driven to rotate by the rotary drive mechanism 20, so that the direction of the rotary frame 11 is parallel to the direction of the boom 62, and then the tunneling mainframe 12 is lifted by the mainframe lifting mechanism 61 corresponding to the tunneling mainframe 12 that needs to be inspected.

[0080] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tunneling equipment also includes a traction and sinking mechanism 70, which has a plurality of lifting jacks 71 arranged at the shaft mouth at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shaft, and a pipe segment 72 is arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the shaft. The lower end of the pipe segment 72 is connected to a blade foot 73, and the lifting jack 71 is connected to the blade foot 73 through a wire rope.

[0081] The traction sinking mechanism 70 supports the excavation mechanism 10 through multiple connected pipe sections 72 and the blade feet 73 at the bottom. At the same time, the sinking height of the excavation mechanism 10 can be controlled by the number of connected pipe sections 72 to realize the layer-by-layer excavation operation of the vertical shaft.

[0082] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the blade foot 73 is located at the lower part of the pipe section 72 connected in sequence along the excavation direction X, and is connected to multiple lifting jacks 71 at the wellhead through steel wire ropes. The blade foot 73 and the ring beam protruding from its lower end form the rotating track 30, and the radial elastic support 50 is arranged between the blade foot 73 and the slide box structure 121.

[0083] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the tunneling equipment also includes a second gantry crane 80 movably arranged above the shaft opening, and at least one grab mechanism is connected to the second gantry crane 80. The grab mechanism on the second gantry crane 80 can process boulders that cannot be cut by the tunneling main machine 12.

[0084] Furthermore, the tunneling equipment also includes a plurality of pipeline retraction and extension mechanisms 90 arranged at the wellhead, which are connected to the tunneling host 12, providing the tunneling host 12 with channels for wires, oil, gas, grease, mud, etc., and adaptively retracting and extending the pipeline when the tunneling host 12 is tunneling.

[0085] Implementation Method 2

[0086] The present invention further provides a vertical shaft construction method, which uses the tunneling equipment described in the first embodiment. The specific structure, working principle and beneficial effects of the tunneling equipment are not described in detail here. The vertical shaft construction method includes:

[0087] Determine a first preset limit position of the excavating mechanism 10 in the first rotation direction M and a second preset limit position of the excavating mechanism 10 in the second rotation direction N, and select n rotation positions including the first preset limit position and the second preset limit position between the first preset limit position and the second preset limit position according to actual needs, wherein the angles between two adjacent preset limit positions are the same, wherein the first preset limit position is the first rotation position, and the second preset limit position is the nth rotation position;

[0088] The excavating mechanism 10 is started and excavates in the second rotation direction N. The excavating mechanism 10 excavates in odd-numbered rotation positions, i.e., sequentially excavates in the first rotation position, the third rotation position, the fifth rotation position, etc., until it rotates to the second limit preset position, i.e., the nth rotation position.

[0089] Afterwards, the excavation mechanism 10 starts excavating along the first rotation direction M from the second limit preset position. The excavation mechanism 10 excavates at even-numbered rotation positions, that is, excavates at the nth rotation position, ..., the fourth rotation position, and the second rotation position in sequence until the excavation operation of the entire cross section is completed.

[0090] Afterwards, the final rotation position of the excavation mechanism in the current cross section is used as the starting rotation position of the next cross section, and the excavation operation of the next cross section is carried out according to the above method.

[0091] Specifically, such as Figures 3 to 6 As shown, in this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, this position is the reference position of the excavation mechanism 10. At this time, the two movable pulley groups correspond to the positions of the two movable pulley groups. The angle α between the first limit preset position of the excavation mechanism 10 and the reference position along the first rotation direction M is 75 degrees, and the angle θ between the second limit preset position and the reference position along the second rotation direction N is also 75 degrees; four rotation positions are selected from the 150-degree angle between the first limit preset position and the second limit preset position, with the first limit preset position being the 0-degree rotation position, the second limit preset position being the 150-degree rotation position, and the positions along the second rotation direction N are 30-degree rotation position, 60-degree rotation position, 90-degree rotation position, and 120-degree rotation position respectively; the number of rotation positions can be selected based on the excavation range of the tunneling host 12 through simulation testing in a computer to select the optimal number, which can ensure that the entire end face can be fully excavated while minimizing the number of rotation positions.

[0092] During the excavation process of this cross-section, the 0-degree rotation position is used as the starting point for the excavation operation. First, along the second rotation direction N, the excavation mechanism completes the excavation operations at the 0-degree rotation position, the 60-degree rotation position, the 120-degree rotation position, and the 150-degree rotation position. Then, along the first rotation direction M, the excavation mechanism completes the excavation operations at the 90-degree rotation position and the 30-degree rotation position. At this point, all the rotation positions of the cross-section have completed the excavation operation. The 30-degree rotation position is then used as the starting rotation position for the excavation operation of the next cross-section layer. Excavation is carried out according to the above-mentioned interval rotation position until the excavation operation of the entire vertical shaft is completed. The entire excavation position presents an S-shaped step shape in the depth direction of the vertical shaft. This excavation method can reduce the number of revolutions of the excavation mechanism 10 and the wear of the tool, effectively improving construction efficiency and tool life.

[0093] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunneling device, characterized in that: include: An excavation mechanism is rotatably arranged in the shaft along its excavation direction, the excavation mechanism comprising a rotary frame and a plurality of excavation main machines detachably connected to the rotary frame; A rotary drive mechanism is located between the inner peripheral wall of the shaft and the rotary frame, and the excavating mechanism is rotatably arranged in the shaft under the drive of the rotary drive mechanism; The rotary drive mechanism includes a first drive structure capable of driving the excavating mechanism to rotate along a first rotary direction, wherein the first drive structure has: a first fixed pulley assembly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the shaft; A first movable pulley set is connected to an edge of the slewing frame; a first traction cable, one end of which is fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the shaft, and the other end of which passes around the first movable pulley block in the opposite direction of the first rotation direction, passes around the first fixed pulley block in the first rotation direction, and then extends to the wellhead; The rotary drive mechanism further includes a second drive structure capable of driving the excavating mechanism to rotate in a second rotary direction, the second rotary direction being opposite to the first rotary direction, the second drive structure having: a second fixed pulley assembly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the shaft; a second movable pulley set connected to the rotary frame at a position adjacent to the first movable pulley set; A second traction cable has one end fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the shaft, and the other end passes around the second movable pulley set in the opposite direction of the second rotation direction, and then passes around the second fixed pulley set in the second rotation direction and extends to the wellhead.

2. The excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunneling main machine is detachably connected to the slewing frame via a slide box structure and a support leg structure that can be plugged in and connected along the tunneling direction, wherein the slide box structure is connected to the slewing frame, and the support leg structure is connected to the tunneling main machine.

3. The excavation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guiding mechanism is provided between the sliding box structure and the support leg structure, and the guiding mechanism includes a guiding cable and a guiding movable structure cooperating with the guiding cable, wherein the guiding cable is connected to the sliding box structure, and the guiding movable structure is connected to the support leg structure.

4. The tunneling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotary track is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the vertical shaft, and a plurality of vertical elastic support structures are evenly distributed on the upper end surface of the rotary track. The lower end surface of the rotary frame cooperates with the plurality of vertical elastic supports.

5. The excavation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of radial elastic supporting structures are evenly distributed on the inner side surface of the rotary track, and the outer side surface of the rotary frame cooperates with the plurality of radial elastic supporting structures.

6. The tunneling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunneling equipment further includes a first gantry crane movably arranged above the wellhead of the vertical shaft, and the first gantry crane is provided with a plurality of main machine lifting mechanisms, the same number as the plurality of tunneling main machines.

7. The excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunneling equipment also includes a traction and sinking mechanism, which has a plurality of lifting jacks arranged at the wellhead of the vertical shaft at intervals along the circumferential direction of the vertical shaft. The inner circumferential wall of the vertical shaft is arranged with a pipe segment, and the lower end of the pipe segment is connected to a blade foot. The lifting jack is connected to the blade foot through a steel wire rope.

8. The tunneling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunneling equipment further comprises a second gantry crane movably arranged above the wellhead of the vertical shaft, and at least one grab mechanism is connected to the second gantry crane.

9. A vertical shaft construction method, characterized in that: Using the tunneling equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the shaft construction method includes: Determining a first limit preset position of the excavating mechanism in a first rotation direction and a second limit preset position in a second rotation direction, and selecting n rotation positions including the first limit preset position and the second limit preset position between the first limit preset position and the second limit preset position, wherein the angles between two adjacent rotation positions are the same, the first limit preset position being the first rotation position, and the second limit preset position being the nth rotation position; Starting the excavation mechanism and excavating along the second rotation direction, the excavation mechanism excavating at odd rotation positions until rotating to the second limit preset position, i.e., the nth rotation position; The excavation mechanism starts excavating along the first rotation direction from the second limit preset position, and the excavation mechanism excavates at even-numbered rotation positions until the excavation operation of the entire cross section is completed; The final rotation position of the excavation mechanism in the current cross section is used as the starting rotation position of the next cross section, and the excavation operation of the next cross section is carried out according to the above method until the excavation of the entire shaft is completed.

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